WO2017077689A1 - 電池、電池パック、電子機器、電動車両、蓄電装置および電力システム - Google Patents

電池、電池パック、電子機器、電動車両、蓄電装置および電力システム Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017077689A1
WO2017077689A1 PCT/JP2016/004559 JP2016004559W WO2017077689A1 WO 2017077689 A1 WO2017077689 A1 WO 2017077689A1 JP 2016004559 W JP2016004559 W JP 2016004559W WO 2017077689 A1 WO2017077689 A1 WO 2017077689A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
thin wall
wall portion
peripheral surface
battery according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
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PCT/JP2016/004559
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
光宏 上
獨古　義博
貴昭 松井
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Sony Corp
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Sony Corp
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Application filed by Sony Corp filed Critical Sony Corp
Priority to CN201680061859.0A priority Critical patent/CN108352460B/zh
Publication of WO2017077689A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017077689A1/ja
Priority to US15/956,402 priority patent/US10541389B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
    • H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
    • H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/107—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/30—Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • This technology relates to a battery, a battery pack, an electronic device, an electric vehicle, a power storage device, and a power system.
  • a safety valve is provided on the top side (sealing part side) of the battery, gas is introduced from the bottom side (can bottom side) of the battery to the top side through the hollow hole of the power generation element, and the safety valve is cleaved.
  • a technique has been proposed in which gas is discharged from the top side of the battery to suppress the battery from bursting due to an increase in internal pressure.
  • Patent Document 1 proposes a technique which forms a groove
  • Patent Document 2 proposes a technique for making a linear cut on the side of a can.
  • Patent Document 3 proposes a technique for forming an H-shaped groove at a location where no electrode is disposed.
  • An object of the present technology is to provide a battery, a battery pack, an electronic device, an electric vehicle, a power storage device, and a power system that can improve safety.
  • a first technique includes a power generation element having a through-hole and a cylindrical can that houses the power generation element and has at least one thin wall portion on a peripheral surface.
  • the ratio of the average hole diameter of the through holes to the outer diameter is 17% or less, and the thin wall portion is in one or both of the ranges of 0% to 30% and 70% to 100% from one end of the peripheral surface.
  • the battery is provided.
  • the second technology is a battery pack including the battery of the first technology and a control unit that controls the battery.
  • the third technology is an electronic device that includes the battery of the first technology and receives power supply from the battery.
  • the fourth technology includes a battery according to the first technology, a conversion device that receives supply of electric power from the battery and converts it into driving force of the vehicle, and a control device that performs information processing related to vehicle control based on information related to the battery It is an electric vehicle provided with.
  • the fifth technology is a power storage device that includes the battery of the first technology and supplies electric power to an electronic device connected to the battery.
  • the sixth technology is a power system that includes the battery of the first technology and receives power supply from the battery.
  • the safety of the battery can be improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration example of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to the first embodiment of the present technology.
  • FIG. 2A is a schematic view for explaining the range of the peripheral surface of the battery can.
  • FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram illustrating the drawing processing unit illustrated in FIG. 2A in an enlarged manner.
  • 3A, 3B, and 3C are schematic diagrams for explaining examples of the shape of the thin wall portion.
  • 4A, 4B, and 4C are diagrams for explaining a method of calculating the average outer diameter of the wound electrode body.
  • FIG. 5A, FIG. 5B, and FIG. 5C are diagrams for explaining a method of calculating the average pore diameter of the wound electrode body.
  • FIG. 5A, FIG. 5B, and FIG. 5C are diagrams for explaining a method of calculating the average pore diameter of the wound electrode body.
  • FIG. 5A, FIG. 5B, and FIG. 5C are diagrams for explaining a method
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a part of the spirally wound electrode body shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of an electronic device according to the second embodiment of the present technology.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration example of a power storage system according to the third embodiment of the present technology.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating one configuration of the electric vehicle according to the fourth embodiment of the present technology.
  • FIG. 10A, FIG. 10B, FIG. 10C, and FIG. 10D are schematic views for explaining the formation positions of the grooves with respect to the peripheral surface.
  • FIG. 11A, FIG. 11B, FIG. 11C, and FIG. 11D are schematic views for explaining the formation positions of grooves on the peripheral surface. 12A, FIG.
  • FIG. 12B, FIG. 12C, and FIG. 12D are schematic views for explaining a groove forming position with respect to the circumferential surface.
  • FIG. 13A, FIG. 13B, FIG. 13C, and FIG. 13D are schematic views for explaining a groove forming position with respect to the circumferential surface.
  • Embodiments of the present technology will be described in the following order. 1. First embodiment (example of cylindrical battery) 2 Second embodiment (example of battery pack and electronic device) 3 Third Embodiment (Example of Power Storage System) 4 Fourth Embodiment (Example of Electric Vehicle)
  • FIG. 1 a configuration example of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery (hereinafter simply referred to as “battery”) according to the first embodiment of the present technology will be described with reference to FIG. 1.
  • This battery is, for example, a so-called lithium ion secondary battery in which the capacity of the negative electrode is represented by a capacity component due to insertion and extraction of lithium (Li) as an electrode reactant.
  • This battery is called a so-called cylindrical type, and is a battery element in which a pair of strip-like positive electrode 21 and strip-like negative electrode 22 are laminated and wound inside a substantially hollow cylindrical battery can 11 via a separator 23. As a wound electrode body 20.
  • the battery can 11 is made of iron (Fe) plated with nickel (Ni), and has one end closed and the other end open. Inside the battery can 11, an electrolytic solution as an electrolyte is injected and impregnated in the positive electrode 21, the negative electrode 22, and the separator 23. In addition, a pair of insulating plates 12 and 13 are respectively disposed perpendicular to the winding peripheral surface so as to sandwich the winding electrode body 20.
  • the closed end portion side of the battery can 11 is referred to as “bottom side”
  • the open end portion side of the battery can 11 that is the opposite side is referred to as “top side”.
  • a battery lid 14 At the open end of the battery can 11, a battery lid 14, a safety valve mechanism 15 provided inside the battery lid 14, and a thermal resistance element (Positive16Temperature ⁇ Coefficient; PTC element) 16 are provided via a sealing gasket 17. It is attached by caulking. Thereby, the inside of the battery can 11 is sealed.
  • the battery lid 14 is made of, for example, the same material as the battery can 11.
  • the safety valve mechanism 15 discharges the gas from the top side of the battery, for example, when the gas is generated in the battery can 11 in the event of an abnormality, by cleaving.
  • the safety valve mechanism 15 is electrically connected to the battery lid 14, and when the internal pressure of the battery exceeds a certain level due to an internal short circuit or external heating, the disk plate 15 ⁇ / b> A is inverted and the battery lid 14 is reversed. And the wound electrode body 20 are disconnected from each other.
  • the sealing gasket 17 is made of, for example, an insulating material, and the surface is coated with asphalt.
  • the wound electrode body 20 has a substantially cylindrical shape.
  • the wound electrode body 20 has a center hole (through hole) 20H penetrating from the center of one end surface toward the center of the other end surface.
  • a center pin 24 is inserted into the center hole 20H.
  • the center pin 24 has a cylindrical shape with both ends open. For this reason, the center pin 24 functions as a flow path that guides the gas from the bottom side to the top side when the gas is generated in the battery can 11.
  • a positive electrode lead 25 made of aluminum (Al) or the like is connected to the positive electrode 21 of the spirally wound electrode body 20, and a negative electrode lead 26 made of nickel or the like is connected to the negative electrode 22.
  • the positive electrode lead 25 is electrically connected to the battery lid 14 by being welded to the safety valve mechanism 15, and the negative electrode lead 26 is welded to and electrically connected to the battery can 11.
  • the open circuit voltage (that is, the battery voltage) in the fully charged state per pair of the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 may be 4.2 V or lower, but is higher than 4.2 V, preferably It may be designed to be in the range of 4.4 V to 6.0 V, more preferably 4.4 V to 5.0 V. By increasing the battery voltage, a high energy density can be obtained.
  • the battery can 11 the positive electrode 21, the negative electrode 22, the separator 23, and the electrolytic solution constituting the battery according to the first embodiment will be described in order.
  • the battery can 11 is a cylindrical can having at least one thin wall portion 11a on the peripheral surface 11S.
  • a drawn portion 11 b is provided near the top end.
  • the peripheral surface 11S refers to a surface located between the drawn portion 11b and the bottom portion 11c of the battery can 11 as shown in FIG. 2A.
  • the position in the height direction (width direction) of the peripheral surface 11S is expressed as a percentage where the position of one end on the top side of the peripheral surface 11S is “0%” and the position of the other end on the bottom side is “100%”. Shall. Note that the position of one end on the top side that is “0%” is specifically a position 11d that protrudes most toward the top side in the drawn portion 11b of the battery can 11 as shown in FIG. 2B. To do.
  • the peripheral surface 11S of the battery can 11 provided with the thin wall portion 11a is one or both of the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the battery can 11.
  • the thin wall portion 11a is provided in one or both of the ranges of 0% to 30% and 70% to 100% from one end on the top side of the peripheral surface 11S. By providing the thin wall portion 11a within this range, it is possible to prevent the thin wall portion 11a from tearing even when the charge / discharge cycle is repeated many times.
  • the thin wall portion 11a may be provided in one of regions in the range of 0% to 30% and 70% to 100% from one end on the top side of the peripheral surface 11S (see FIGS. 10A and 10B). These may be provided in both of these regions (see FIGS. 11A and 11B). In this case, the thin wall portions 11a provided in both ranges may be located on the same straight line extending in the height direction of the battery can 11 (see FIG. 11A), or may not be located on the same straight line. You may shift
  • the number of thin wall portions 11a provided in the range of 0% to 30% and 70% to 100% from one end on the top side of the peripheral surface 11S is not limited to one and may be plural (see FIG. 10C, FIG. 10D). Moreover, the thin wall part 11a may not be provided over the whole area
  • one or both of the ranges of 0% to 30% and 70% to 100% from one end on the top side of the peripheral surface 11S include two or more thin wall portions 11a. This is because the safety of the battery can be further improved.
  • One or both of the regions in the range of 0% or more and 30% or less and 70% or more and 100% or less from one end on the top side of the peripheral surface 11S include three or more thin wall portions 11a. It is preferable that the thin wall part 11a is provided in the circumferential direction of the surrounding surface 11S at equal intervals. This is because the safety of the battery can be further improved. When three or more thin wall portions 11a are included as described above, the angle formed by the line segment connecting the adjacent thin wall portions 11a and the central axis of the battery can 11 is in the range of 110 ° to 120 °. It is preferable.
  • the ratio of the length L of the thin wall portion 11a to the height (width) H of the peripheral surface 11S is preferably 5% or more and 30% or less. When the ratio is within this range, it is possible to further suppress the battery contents from popping out even when an overcharged battery is accidentally dropped into the fire.
  • the ratio of the length L of the thin wall portion 11a to the height H of the peripheral surface 11S is obtained as follows. First, the height H of the peripheral surface 11S and the length L of the thin wall portion 11a are obtained by a measurement microscope (tool microscope). Next, using the obtained height H and length L, the ratio of the length L to the height H is obtained as a percentage ((L / H) ⁇ 100).
  • the thickness D1 of the peripheral surface 11S where the thin wall portion 11a is provided (hereinafter simply referred to as “thickness of the thin wall portion 11a”) D1 is not provided with the thin wall portion 11a of the peripheral surface 11S.
  • the thickness of the portion (hereinafter simply referred to as “the thickness of the battery can 11”) is smaller than D2.
  • the thin wall portion 11a may be a groove as shown in FIG. 3A, or may be a flat portion in which a part of the peripheral surface 11S is cut into a side face shape as shown in FIG. 3B.
  • the bottom surface of the thin wall portion 11a may be flat or curved, but is preferably flat from the viewpoint of ease of formation.
  • the curved surface may be, for example, a partial curved surface of a cylindrical surface having the same central axis as the battery can 11 as shown in FIG. 3C.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the groove is, for example, a substantially polygonal shape, a substantially partial circular shape, a substantially partial elliptical shape, or an indefinite shape, but is not limited thereto.
  • the curvature R etc. may be provided to the top of the polygonal shape.
  • the polygonal shape include a triangular shape, a quadrangular shape such as a trapezoidal shape and a rectangular shape, and a pentagonal shape.
  • the “partial circular shape” is a partial shape of a circular shape, for example, a semicircular shape.
  • the partial elliptical shape is a partial shape of an elliptical shape, for example, a semi-elliptical shape.
  • the bottom surface may be, for example, a flat surface, an uneven surface having a step, a curved surface having waviness, or a composite surface in which two or more of these surfaces are combined.
  • the groove When the groove is viewed from the direction perpendicular to the peripheral surface 11S, the groove has, for example, a linear shape, a curved shape, a bent line shape, or a shape obtained by combining two or more thereof, and from the viewpoint of ease of forming the groove, It is preferably linear.
  • the ratio of the width W of the thin wall portion 11a to the outer diameter D of the battery can 11 ((W / D) ⁇ 100) is, for example, 25% or less, preferably 16% or less, and more preferably 8% or less.
  • the ratio is 16% or less, in the battery can 11 having a general wall thickness, the bottom surface of the thin wall portion 11a can be made flat (see FIGS. 3A and 3B), and thus the thin wall portion 11a is formed. Is easy.
  • the ratio exceeds 16% in the battery can 11 having a general wall thickness, it is necessary to form the bottom surface of the thin wall portion 11a in a curved shape (see FIG. 3C). It may be difficult to form.
  • the ratios of 16% and 8% correspond to widths of 3 mm and 1.5 mm, respectively.
  • the ratio of the width W of the thin wall portion 11a to the outer diameter D of the battery can 11 is determined as follows. First, the outer diameter D of the battery can 11 is obtained with a measurement microscope (tool microscope). Next, the width W of the thin wall portion 11a is measured with a measuring microscope (tool microscope) (see FIGS. 3A to 3C). When the thin wall portion 11a is a groove having a U-shaped section or a V-shaped cross section, and the width W of the thin wall portion 11a varies in the depth direction or the extending direction, the width of the thin wall portion 11a. The widest portion of W is defined as the width W of the thin wall portion. Next, using the obtained outer diameter D and width W, the ratio of the width W to the outer diameter D is obtained as a percentage ((W / D) ⁇ 100).
  • the ratio of the thickness D1 of the thin wall portion 11a to the thickness of the battery can 11 to D2 ((D1 / D2) ⁇ 100) is preferably 1% or more and 90% or less, more preferably 10% or more and 80% or less. . If the ratio is less than 1%, the thin wall portion 11a may tear when the charge / discharge cycle is repeated many times. On the other hand, when the ratio exceeds 90%, there is a possibility that the contents of the battery may pop out when an overcharged battery is accidentally dropped into the fire.
  • the ratio of the thickness D1 of the thin wall portion 11a to the thickness D2 of the battery can 11 is obtained as follows. First, the battery can 11 as an outer can is embedded in a resin and the resin is solidified. Next, after cutting it into a ring, the cut surface is polished. Next, the cut surface is observed with a measurement microscope, and the thickness D1 of the thin wall portion 11a and the thickness D2 of the battery can 11 are measured (see FIGS. 3A to 3C).
  • the thicknesses D ⁇ b> 1 and D ⁇ b> 2 are thicknesses in a direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the peripheral surface 11 ⁇ / b> S of the battery can 11.
  • the thickness of the thinnest portion of the thickness D1 of the thin wall portion 11a is defined as the thickness D1 of the thin wall portion 11a (see FIG. 3B).
  • the thickness D2 of the battery can 11 varies depending on the measurement position
  • the thickness of the thickest portion after the thickness D2 of the battery can 11 is defined as the thickness D2 of the battery can 11.
  • the ratio of the thickness D1 of the thin wall portion 11a to the thickness D2 of the battery can 11 is obtained as a percentage ((D1 / D2) ⁇ 100) using the obtained height thicknesses D1 and D2.
  • the thin wall portion 11a may extend in a direction parallel to the central axis of the battery can 11, or may extend in a direction that forms a predetermined angle with the central axis of the battery can 11. From the viewpoint of easy formation of the wall portion 11a, it is preferable that the wall portion 11a extends in a direction parallel to the central axis of the battery can 11.
  • the angle is within 10 °, more preferably within 5 °, and even more preferably within 3 °.
  • the angle exceeds 10 °, it is necessary to form the thin wall portion 11a over a range exceeding, for example, about 11 mm with respect to the circumferential direction, which may make it difficult to form the thin wall portion 11a.
  • the thin wall portion 11a may be formed over a range of, for example, about 5 mm or less with respect to the circumferential direction, which facilitates formation of the thin wall portion 11a. If the angle is 3 ° or less, the thin wall portion 11a may be formed over a range of, for example, about 3 mm or less with respect to the circumferential direction.
  • the configuration in which the thin wall portion 11a is provided on the peripheral surface 11S is such that the ratio ((r / R) ⁇ 100) of the average hole diameter r of the center hole 20H to the average outer diameter R of the wound electrode body 20 is 17% or less.
  • the ratio ((r / R) ⁇ 100) of the average hole diameter r of the center hole 20H to the average outer diameter R of the wound electrode body 20 is 17% or less.
  • the ratio of the average hole diameter r of the center hole 20H to the average outer diameter R of the wound electrode body 20 is obtained as follows. First, using CT (Computed Tomography), cross-sectional images of the battery are taken at positions of 20%, 50%, and 80% from one end on the top side of the peripheral surface 11S of the battery. Next, as shown in FIG. 4A and FIG. 5A, 6 points on the outermost or innermost current collector (for example, copper foil) of the wound electrode body 20 in the cross-sectional image taken at the position of 20%. Set. At this time, all angles formed by line segments connecting the central axis of the wound electrode body 20 and two adjacent points on the outermost or innermost current collector are set to 50 to 70 °. Next, as shown in FIGS.
  • CT Computer Tomography
  • the diameters R3 to R4 (outer diameter) and r3 to r4 (inner diameter) of the circle are obtained by the same method as described above using the cross-sectional image taken at the position of 50% and 80%.
  • the average diameter R is obtained by simply averaging (arithmetic average) the obtained diameters R1 to R6 (outer diameter).
  • the average diameter r is obtained by simply averaging (arithmetic average) the obtained diameters r1 to r6 (inner diameter).
  • the ratio of the average pore diameter r to the average outer diameter R is obtained as a percentage ((r / R) ⁇ 100).
  • the gas release pressure (cleavage pressure) of the thin wall portion 11a is preferably higher than the gas release pressure (working pressure) of the safety valve mechanism 15.
  • the thin wall portion 11a is provided for the purpose of escaping the gas to the outside of the battery when a large amount of gas is generated, for example, when the overcharged battery is accidentally dropped into the fire. This is because it is necessary to prevent the thin wall portion 11a from being cleaved during use.
  • the positive electrode 21 has, for example, a structure in which a positive electrode active material layer 21B is provided on both surfaces of a positive electrode current collector 21A. Although not shown, the positive electrode active material layer 21B may be provided only on one surface of the positive electrode current collector 21A.
  • the positive electrode current collector 21A is made of, for example, a metal foil such as an aluminum foil, a nickel foil, or a stainless steel foil.
  • the positive electrode active material layer 21B includes, for example, a positive electrode active material capable of inserting and extracting lithium (Li) that is an electrode reactant.
  • the positive electrode active material layer 21B may further contain an additive as necessary. As the additive, for example, at least one of a conductive agent and a binder can be used.
  • lithium-containing compounds such as lithium oxide, lithium phosphorus oxide, lithium sulfide, or an intercalation compound containing lithium are suitable, and two or more of these may be used in combination.
  • a lithium-containing compound containing lithium, a transition metal element, and oxygen (O) is preferable.
  • examples of such a lithium-containing compound include a lithium composite oxide having a layered rock salt structure shown in Formula (A) and a lithium composite phosphate having an olivine structure shown in Formula (B). Can be mentioned.
  • the lithium-containing compound includes at least one member selected from the group consisting of cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), and iron (Fe) as a transition metal element.
  • a lithium-containing compound include a lithium composite oxide having a layered rock salt type structure represented by the formula (C), formula (D), or formula (E), and a spinel type compound represented by the formula (F).
  • LiNi 0.50 Co 0.20 Mn 0.30 O 2 Li a CoO 2 (A ⁇ 1), Li b NiO 2 (b ⁇ 1), Li c1 Ni c2 Co 1-c2 O 2 (c1 ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ c2 ⁇ 1), Li d Mn 2 O 4 (d ⁇ 1) or Li e FePO 4 (e ⁇ 1).
  • M1 represents at least one element selected from Group 2 to Group 15 excluding nickel (Ni) and manganese (Mn).
  • X represents Group 16 other than oxygen (O)) It represents at least one of elements and elements of group 17.
  • p, q, y, and z are 0 ⁇ p ⁇ 1.5, 0 ⁇ q ⁇ 1.0, 0 ⁇ r ⁇ 1.0, ⁇ 0.10 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.20 and 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 0.2.
  • M2 represents at least one element selected from Group 2 to Group 15.
  • a and b are 0 ⁇ a ⁇ 2.0 and 0.5 ⁇ b ⁇ 2.0. It is a value within the range.
  • M3 is cobalt (Co), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), boron (B), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe ), Copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), zirconium (Zr), molybdenum (Mo), tin (Sn), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr) and tungsten (W) F
  • g, h, j and k are 0.8 ⁇ f ⁇ 1.2, 0 ⁇ g ⁇ 0.5, 0 ⁇ h ⁇ 0.5, g + h ⁇ 1, ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ j. ⁇ 0.2, 0 ⁇ k ⁇ 0.1
  • the composition of lithium varies depending on the state of charge and discharge, and the value of f represents the value in the complete discharge state.
  • M4 is cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), boron (B), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr ), Iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), molybdenum (Mo), tin (Sn), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), and tungsten (W).
  • M, n, p and q are 0.8 ⁇ m ⁇ 1.2, 0.005 ⁇ n ⁇ 0.5, ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ p ⁇ 0.2, 0 ⁇ q ⁇ 0.1.
  • M5 is nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), boron (B), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr ), Iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), molybdenum (Mo), tin (Sn), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), and tungsten (W).
  • R, s, t, and u are in a range of 0.8 ⁇ r ⁇ 1.2, 0 ⁇ s ⁇ 0.5, ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ t ⁇ 0.2, and 0 ⁇ u ⁇ 0.1. (Note that the composition of lithium varies depending on the state of charge and discharge, and the value of r represents a value in a fully discharged state.)
  • M6 is cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), boron (B), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr ), Iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), molybdenum (Mo), tin (Sn), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), and tungsten (W).
  • V, w, x, and y are in the range of 0.9 ⁇ v ⁇ 1.1, 0 ⁇ w ⁇ 0.6, 3.7 ⁇ x ⁇ 4.1, and 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.1. (Note that the composition of lithium varies depending on the state of charge and discharge, and the value of v represents the value in a fully discharged state.)
  • Li z M7PO 4 (However, in formula (G), M7 is cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), boron (B), titanium (Ti ), Vanadium (V), niobium (Nb), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), molybdenum (Mo), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), tungsten (W) and zirconium (Zr) Z represents a value in a range of 0.9 ⁇ z ⁇ 1.1, wherein the composition of lithium varies depending on the state of charge and discharge, and the value of z is a value in a fully discharged state. Represents.)
  • the positive electrode material shown in the formula (H) is preferable.
  • Li v Ni w M ′ x M ′′ y O z (H) (Where 0 ⁇ v ⁇ 2, w + x + y ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ w ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.5, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.5, 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 3, M ′ and M ′′ Co (cobalt), Fe (iron), Mn (manganese), Cu (copper), Zn (zinc), Al (aluminum), Cr (chromium), V (vanadium), Ti (titanium), Mg (magnesium) And at least one selected from Zr (zirconium).)
  • the lithium-containing compound containing nickel (Ni) those having a Ni content of 80% or more are preferable. This is because a high battery capacity can be obtained when the Ni content is 80% or more.
  • the battery capacity increases as described above, but the gas generation amount (oxygen release amount) of the positive electrode 21 is very large when abnormal heat is applied. Become.
  • the battery according to the first embodiment exhibits a particularly excellent safety improvement effect when such an electrode with a large amount of gas generation is used.
  • positive electrode materials capable of inserting and extracting lithium include inorganic compounds not containing lithium, such as MnO 2 , V 2 O 5 , V 6 O 13 , NiS, and MoS.
  • the positive electrode material capable of inserting and extracting lithium may be other than the above.
  • the positive electrode material illustrated above may be mixed 2 or more types by arbitrary combinations.
  • binder examples include resin materials such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and these resin materials. At least one selected from copolymers and the like mainly composed of is used.
  • PVdF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • PAN polyacrylonitrile
  • SBR styrene butadiene rubber
  • CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
  • the conductive agent examples include carbon materials such as graphite, carbon black, and ketjen black, and one or more of them are used in combination.
  • a metal material or a conductive polymer material may be used as long as it is a conductive material.
  • the negative electrode 22 has, for example, a structure in which a negative electrode active material layer 22B is provided on both surfaces of a negative electrode current collector 22A. Although not shown, the negative electrode active material layer 22B may be provided only on one surface of the negative electrode current collector 22A.
  • the negative electrode current collector 22A is made of, for example, a metal foil such as a copper foil, a nickel foil, or a stainless steel foil.
  • the negative electrode active material layer 22B contains one or more negative electrode active materials capable of inserting and extracting lithium as a negative electrode active material.
  • the negative electrode active material layer 22B may further contain an additive such as a binder as necessary.
  • the electrochemical equivalent of the negative electrode material capable of occluding and releasing lithium is larger than the electrochemical equivalent of the positive electrode 21, and the negative electrode 22 is in the middle of charging. Lithium metal is not deposited.
  • Examples of the negative electrode material capable of occluding and releasing lithium include materials capable of occluding and releasing lithium and containing at least one of a metal element and a metalloid element as a constituent element.
  • the negative electrode 22 containing such a negative electrode material is referred to as an alloy-based negative electrode. This is because a high energy density can be obtained by using such a material. In particular, the use with a carbon material is more preferable because a high energy density can be obtained and excellent cycle characteristics can be obtained.
  • the negative electrode material may be a single element, alloy or compound of a metal element or metalloid element, or may have at least a part of one or more of these phases.
  • the alloy includes an alloy including one or more metal elements and one or more metalloid elements in addition to an alloy composed of two or more metal elements.
  • the nonmetallic element may be included.
  • Some of the structures include a solid solution, a eutectic (eutectic mixture), an intermetallic compound, or two or more of them.
  • metal elements or metalloid elements constituting the negative electrode material examples include magnesium (Mg), boron (B), aluminum (Al), gallium (Ga), indium (In), silicon (Si), and germanium (Ge). ), Tin (Sn), lead (Pb), bismuth (Bi), cadmium (Cd), silver (Ag), zinc (Zn), hafnium (Hf), zirconium (Zr), yttrium (Y), palladium (Pd) ) Or platinum (Pt). These may be crystalline or amorphous.
  • the negative electrode material a material containing a 4B group metal element or a semimetal element in the short-period type periodic table as a constituent element is preferable, and at least one of silicon (Si) and tin (Sn) is particularly preferable. It is included as an element. This is because silicon (Si) and tin (Sn) have a large ability to occlude and release lithium (Li), and a high energy density can be obtained.
  • tin (Sn) As an alloy of tin (Sn), for example, as a second constituent element other than tin (Sn), silicon (Si), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), indium (In), silver (Ag), titanium (Ti), germanium (Ge), bismuth (Bi), antimony (Sb), and chromium (Cr) The thing containing at least 1 sort is mentioned.
  • Si As an alloy of silicon (Si), for example, as a second constituent element other than silicon (Si), tin (Sn), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), indium (In), silver (Ag), titanium (Ti), germanium (Ge), bismuth (Bi), antimony (Sb), and chromium (Cr).
  • Si silicon
  • Si tin
  • Ni nickel
  • Cu copper
  • iron (Fe) cobalt
  • Mn manganese
  • Zn zinc
  • indium (In) silver (Ag), titanium (Ti), germanium (Ge), bismuth (Bi), antimony (Sb), and chromium (Cr).
  • Cr chromium
  • tin (Sn) compound or silicon (Si) compound examples include those containing oxygen (O) or carbon (C). In addition to tin (Sn) or silicon (Si), the above-described compounds are used. Two constituent elements may be included. Specific examples of the tin (Sn) compound include silicon oxide represented by SiO v (0.2 ⁇ v ⁇ 1.4).
  • Examples of the negative electrode material capable of inserting and extracting lithium include non-graphitizable carbon, graphitizable carbon, graphite, pyrolytic carbons, cokes, glassy carbons, and fired organic polymer compounds And carbon materials such as carbon fiber or activated carbon.
  • graphite it is preferable to use spheroidized natural graphite or substantially spherical artificial graphite.
  • artificial graphite artificial graphite obtained by graphitizing mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB) or artificial graphite obtained by graphitizing and pulverizing a coke raw material is preferable.
  • Examples of the coke include pitch coke, needle coke, and petroleum coke.
  • An organic polymer compound fired body refers to a carbonized material obtained by firing a polymer material such as phenol resin or furan resin at an appropriate temperature, and part of it is non-graphitizable carbon or graphitizable carbon.
  • graphite is preferable because it has a high electrochemical equivalent and can provide a high energy density.
  • non-graphitizable carbon is preferable because excellent characteristics can be obtained.
  • those having a low charge / discharge potential specifically, those having a charge / discharge potential close to that of lithium metal are preferable because a high energy density of the battery can be easily realized.
  • Examples of the negative electrode material capable of inserting and extracting lithium further include other metal compounds or polymer materials.
  • Examples of other metal compounds include oxides such as MnO 2 , V 2 O 5 , and V 6 O 13 , sulfides such as NiS and MoS, and lithium nitrides such as LiN 3 , and polymer materials include polyacetylene. , Polyaniline or polypyrrole.
  • binder examples include resin materials such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and these resin materials. At least one selected from copolymers and the like mainly composed of is used.
  • PVdF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • PAN polyacrylonitrile
  • SBR styrene butadiene rubber
  • CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
  • the separator 23 separates the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 and allows lithium ions to pass through while preventing a short circuit of current due to contact between the two electrodes.
  • the separator 23 is made of, for example, a porous film made of synthetic resin made of polytetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene, or the like, or a porous film made of ceramic, and these two or more kinds of porous films are laminated. It may be a structure. Among these, a porous film made of polyolefin is preferable because it is excellent in the effect of preventing short circuit and can improve the safety of the battery due to the shutdown effect.
  • polyethylene is preferable as a material constituting the separator 23 because it can obtain a shutdown effect within a range of 100 ° C. or higher and 160 ° C. or lower and is excellent in electrochemical stability.
  • Polypropylene is also preferable.
  • any resin having chemical stability can be used by copolymerizing or blending with polyethylene or polypropylene.
  • the separator 23 is impregnated with an electrolytic solution that is a liquid electrolyte.
  • the electrolytic solution contains a solvent and an electrolyte salt dissolved in the solvent.
  • the electrolytic solution may contain a known additive in order to improve battery characteristics.
  • cyclic carbonates such as ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate can be used, and it is preferable to use one of ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate, particularly a mixture of both. This is because the cycle characteristics can be improved.
  • the solvent in addition to these cyclic carbonates, it is preferable to use a mixture of chain carbonates such as diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, ethylmethyl carbonate or methylpropyl carbonate. This is because high ionic conductivity can be obtained.
  • the solvent preferably further contains 2,4-difluoroanisole or vinylene carbonate. This is because 2,4-difluoroanisole can improve discharge capacity, and vinylene carbonate can improve cycle characteristics. Therefore, it is preferable to use a mixture of these because the discharge capacity and cycle characteristics can be improved.
  • examples of the solvent include butylene carbonate, ⁇ -butyrolactone, ⁇ -valerolactone, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 1,3-dioxolane, 4-methyl-1,3- Dioxolane, methyl acetate, methyl propionate, acetonitrile, glutaronitrile, adiponitrile, methoxyacetonitrile, 3-methoxypropironitrile, N, N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidinone, N-methyloxazolidinone, N, N-dimethyl Examples include imidazolidinone, nitromethane, nitroethane, sulfolane, dimethyl sulfoxide, and trimethyl phosphate.
  • a compound obtained by substituting at least a part of hydrogen in these non-aqueous solvents with fluorine may be preferable because the reversibility of the electrode reaction may be improved depending on the type of electrode to be combined.
  • lithium salt As electrolyte salt, lithium salt is mentioned, for example, 1 type may be used independently, and 2 or more types may be mixed and used for it.
  • Lithium salts include LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiAsF 6 , LiClO 4 , LiB (C 6 H 5 ) 4 , LiCH 3 SO 3 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiN (SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 , LiC (SO 2 CF 3 ) 3 , LiAlCl 4 , LiSiF 6 , LiCl, difluoro [oxolato-O, O ′] lithium borate, lithium bisoxalate borate, or LiBr.
  • LiPF 6 is preferable because it can obtain high ion conductivity and can improve cycle characteristics.
  • lithium ions when charged, for example, lithium ions are released from the positive electrode active material layer 21B and inserted into the negative electrode active material layer 22B through the electrolytic solution.
  • lithium ions when discharging is performed, for example, lithium ions are released from the negative electrode active material layer 22B and inserted into the positive electrode active material layer 21B through the electrolytic solution.
  • a positive electrode active material, a conductive agent, and a binder are mixed to prepare a positive electrode mixture, and this positive electrode mixture is dispersed in a solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP).
  • NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
  • a paste-like positive electrode mixture slurry is prepared.
  • this positive electrode mixture slurry is applied to the positive electrode current collector 21 ⁇ / b> A, the solvent is dried, and the positive electrode active material layer 21 ⁇ / b> B is formed by compression molding with a roll press or the like, thereby forming the positive electrode 21.
  • a negative electrode active material and a binder are mixed to prepare a negative electrode mixture, and this negative electrode mixture is dispersed in a solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone to obtain a paste-like negative electrode mixture slurry Is made.
  • the negative electrode mixture slurry is applied to the negative electrode current collector 22A, the solvent is dried, and the negative electrode active material layer 22B is formed by compression molding using a roll press or the like, and the negative electrode 22 is manufactured.
  • the positive electrode lead 25 is attached to the positive electrode current collector 21A by welding or the like, and the negative electrode lead 26 is attached to the negative electrode current collector 22A by welding or the like.
  • the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 are wound through the separator 23.
  • the front end of the positive electrode lead 25 is welded to the safety valve mechanism 15, and the front end of the negative electrode lead 26 is welded to the battery can 11, and the wound positive electrode 21 and negative electrode 22 are connected with the pair of insulating plates 12 and 13. It is housed inside the sandwiched battery can 11.
  • the electrolytic solution is injected into the battery can 11 and impregnated in the separator 23.
  • the battery lid 14, the safety valve mechanism 15, and the heat sensitive resistance element 16 are fixed to the opening end of the battery can 11 by caulking through a sealing gasket 17. Thereby, the secondary battery shown in FIG. 1 is obtained.
  • At least one thin wall portion 11a is provided on the peripheral surface 11S of the battery can 11, and the ratio of the average hole diameter of the center hole 20H to the average outer diameter of the wound electrode body 20 is
  • the thin wall portion 11a is provided in one or both of the ranges of 0% to 30% and 70% to 100% from one end on the top side of the peripheral surface 11S.
  • Second Embodiment> a battery pack and an electronic device including the battery according to the first embodiment will be described.
  • the electronic device 400 includes an electronic circuit 401 of the electronic device body and a battery pack 300.
  • the battery pack 300 is electrically connected to the electronic circuit 401 via the positive terminal 331a and the negative terminal 331b.
  • the electronic device 400 has a configuration in which the battery pack 300 is detachable by a user.
  • the configuration of the electronic device 400 is not limited to this, and the battery pack 300 is built in the electronic device 400 so that the user cannot remove the battery pack 300 from the electronic device 400. May be.
  • the positive terminal 331a and the negative terminal 331b of the battery pack 300 are connected to the positive terminal and the negative terminal of a charger (not shown), respectively.
  • the positive terminal 331a and the negative terminal 331b of the battery pack 300 are connected to the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the electronic circuit 401, respectively.
  • the electronic device 400 for example, a notebook personal computer, a tablet computer, a mobile phone (for example, a smartphone), a portable information terminal (Personal Digital Assistant: PDA), a display device (LCD, EL display, electronic paper, etc.), imaging, etc.
  • Devices eg digital still cameras, digital video cameras, etc.
  • audio equipment eg portable audio players
  • game machines cordless phones, e-books, electronic dictionaries, radio, headphones, navigation systems, memory cards, pacemakers, hearing aids, Electric tools, electric shavers, refrigerators, air conditioners, TVs, stereos, water heaters, microwave ovens, dishwashers, washing machines, dryers, lighting equipment, toys, medical equipment, robots, road conditioners, traffic lights Etc.
  • the electronic circuit 401 includes, for example, a CPU, a peripheral logic unit, an interface unit, a storage unit, and the like, and controls the entire electronic device 400.
  • the battery pack 300 includes an assembled battery 301 and a charge / discharge circuit 302.
  • the assembled battery 301 is configured by connecting a plurality of secondary batteries 301a in series and / or in parallel.
  • the plurality of secondary batteries 301a are connected, for example, in n parallel m series (n and m are positive integers).
  • FIG. 7 shows an example in which six secondary batteries 301a are connected in two parallel three series (2P3S).
  • the secondary battery 301a the battery according to the first embodiment is used.
  • the charging / discharging circuit 302 is a control unit that controls charging / discharging of the assembled battery 301. Specifically, during charging, the charging / discharging circuit 302 controls charging of the assembled battery 301. On the other hand, at the time of discharging (that is, when the electronic device 400 is used), the charging / discharging circuit 302 controls the discharging of the electronic device 400.
  • the battery pack 300 includes the assembled battery 301 including a plurality of secondary batteries 301 a has been described as an example. However, the battery pack 300 is replaced with one assembled battery 301. You may employ
  • a power storage system including the battery according to the first embodiment in a power storage device will be described.
  • This power storage system may be anything as long as it uses power, and includes a simple power device.
  • This power system includes, for example, a smart grid, a home energy management system (HEMS), a vehicle, and the like, and can also store electricity.
  • HEMS home energy management system
  • This power storage system 100 is a residential power storage system, from a centralized power system 102 such as a thermal power generation 102a, a nuclear power generation 102b, and a hydropower generation 102c through a power network 109, an information network 112, a smart meter 107, a power hub 108, etc. Electric power is supplied to the power storage device 103. At the same time, power is supplied to the power storage device 103 from an independent power source such as the home power generation device 104. The electric power supplied to the power storage device 103 is stored. Electric power used in the house 101 is fed using the power storage device 103. The same power storage system can be used not only for the house 101 but also for buildings.
  • the house 101 is provided with a home power generation device 104, a power consumption device 105, a power storage device 103, a control device 110 that controls each device, a smart meter 107, a power hub 108, and a sensor 111 that acquires various information.
  • Each device is connected by a power network 109 and an information network 112.
  • a solar cell, a fuel cell, or the like is used as the home power generation device 104, and the generated power is supplied to the power consumption device 105 and / or the power storage device 103.
  • the power consuming device 105 is a refrigerator 105a, an air conditioner 105b, a television receiver 105c, a bath 105d, or the like.
  • the electric power consumption device 105 includes an electric vehicle 106.
  • the electric vehicle 106 is an electric vehicle 106a, a hybrid car 106b, an electric motorcycle 106c, or the like.
  • the power storage device 103 includes the battery according to the first embodiment.
  • the smart meter 107 has a function of measuring the usage amount of commercial power and transmitting the measured usage amount to an electric power company.
  • the power network 109 may be any one or a combination of DC power supply, AC power supply, and non-contact power supply.
  • the various sensors 111 are, for example, human sensors, illuminance sensors, object detection sensors, power consumption sensors, vibration sensors, contact sensors, temperature sensors, infrared sensors, and the like. Information acquired by various sensors 111 is transmitted to the control device 110. Based on the information from the sensor 111, the weather state, the state of a person, and the like can be grasped, and the power consumption device 105 can be automatically controlled to minimize the energy consumption. Furthermore, the control device 110 can transmit information regarding the house 101 to an external power company or the like via the Internet.
  • the power hub 108 performs processing such as branching of power lines and DC / AC conversion.
  • the communication method of the information network 112 connected to the control device 110 includes a method using a communication interface such as UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transceiver), Bluetooth (registered trademark), ZigBee, Wi-Fi.
  • a communication interface such as UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transceiver), Bluetooth (registered trademark), ZigBee, Wi-Fi.
  • the Bluetooth (registered trademark) system is applied to multimedia communication and can perform one-to-many connection communication.
  • ZigBee uses a physical layer of IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Electronics) 802.15.4. IEEE 802.15.4 is the name of a short-range wireless network standard called PAN (Personal Area Network) or W (Wireless) PAN.
  • the control device 110 is connected to an external server 113.
  • the server 113 may be managed by any one of the house 101, the power company, and the service provider.
  • the information transmitted and received by the server 113 is, for example, information related to power consumption information, life pattern information, power charges, weather information, natural disaster information, and power transactions. These pieces of information may be transmitted / received from a power consuming device in the home (for example, a television receiver) or may be transmitted / received from a device outside the home (for example, a mobile phone). Such information may be displayed on a device having a display function, such as a television receiver, a mobile phone, or a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant).
  • a display function such as a television receiver, a mobile phone, or a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant).
  • the control device 110 that controls each unit includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a RAM (Random Access Memory), a ROM (Read Only Memory), and the like, and is stored in the power storage device 103 in this example.
  • the control device 110 is connected to the power storage device 103, the home power generation device 104, the power consumption device 105, the various sensors 111, the server 113 and the information network 112, and adjusts, for example, the amount of commercial power used and the amount of power generation. It has a function. In addition, you may provide the function etc. which carry out an electric power transaction in an electric power market.
  • the power generated by the home power generation device 104 is supplied to the power storage device 103.
  • the power generated by the home power generation device 104 can be stored. Therefore, even if the generated power of the home power generation device 104 fluctuates, it is possible to perform control such that the amount of power to be sent to the outside is constant or discharge is performed as necessary.
  • the electric power obtained by solar power generation is stored in the power storage device 103, and midnight power with a low charge is stored in the power storage device 103 at night, and the power stored by the power storage device 103 is discharged during a high daytime charge. You can also use it.
  • control device 110 is stored in the power storage device 103 .
  • control device 110 may be stored in the smart meter 107 or may be configured independently.
  • the power storage system 100 may be used for a plurality of homes in an apartment house, or may be used for a plurality of detached houses.
  • the hybrid vehicle 200 is a hybrid vehicle that employs a series hybrid system.
  • the series hybrid system is a vehicle that runs on the power driving force conversion device 203 using electric power generated by a generator that is driven by an engine or electric power that is temporarily stored in a battery.
  • the hybrid vehicle 200 includes an engine 201, a generator 202, a power driving force conversion device 203, driving wheels 204a, driving wheels 204b, wheels 205a, wheels 205b, a battery 208, a vehicle control device 209, various sensors 210, and a charging port 211. Is installed.
  • the battery 208 the battery according to the first embodiment is used.
  • Hybrid vehicle 200 travels using electric power / driving force conversion device 203 as a power source.
  • An example of the power driving force conversion device 203 is a motor.
  • the electric power / driving force converter 203 is operated by the electric power of the battery 208, and the rotational force of the electric power / driving force converter 203 is transmitted to the driving wheels 204a and 204b.
  • DC-AC DC-AC
  • AC-DC conversion AC-DC conversion
  • the power driving force converter 203 can be applied to either an AC motor or a DC motor.
  • the various sensors 210 control the engine speed via the vehicle control device 209 and control the opening (throttle opening) of a throttle valve (not shown).
  • the various sensors 210 include a speed sensor, an acceleration sensor, an engine speed sensor, and the like.
  • the rotational force of the engine 201 is transmitted to the generator 202, and the electric power generated by the generator 202 by the rotational force can be stored in the battery 208.
  • the resistance force at the time of deceleration is applied as a rotational force to the power driving force conversion device 203, and the regenerative electric power generated by the power driving force conversion device 203 by this rotational force is used as the battery 208. Accumulated in.
  • the battery 208 is connected to an external power source of the hybrid vehicle 200 via the charging port 211, so that it is possible to receive power from the external power source using the charging port 211 as an input port and store the received power. is there.
  • an information processing apparatus that performs information processing related to vehicle control based on information related to the battery may be provided.
  • an information processing apparatus for example, there is an information processing apparatus that displays a remaining battery level based on information on the remaining battery level.
  • the series hybrid vehicle that runs on the motor using the electric power generated by the generator that is driven by the engine or the electric power that is temporarily stored in the battery has been described as an example.
  • the present technology is also effective for a parallel hybrid vehicle that uses both engine and motor outputs as drive sources and switches between the three modes of running with only the engine, running with only the motor, and running with the engine and motor. Applicable.
  • the present technology can be effectively applied to a so-called electric vehicle that travels only by a drive motor without using an engine.
  • the ratio of the average hole diameter r of the center hole to the average outer diameter R of the wound electrode body ((r / R) ⁇ 100) and the thin wall with respect to the height (width) H of the peripheral surface The ratio of the length L of the part ((L / H) ⁇ 100) is obtained in the same manner as in the above embodiment.
  • the thin wall portion was a groove.
  • Example 1-1 (Production process of positive electrode)
  • the positive electrode was produced as follows. First, a positive electrode mixture was prepared by mixing NCM (nickel-cobalt-manganese) as an active material, carbon fine powder as a conductive agent, and PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) as a binder, and then N as a solvent. A paste-like positive electrode mixture slurry was prepared by dispersing in -methyl-2-pyrrolidone. Next, the positive electrode mixture slurry was applied to both sides of a positive electrode current collector made of a strip-shaped aluminum foil (12 ⁇ m thick), dried, and then compression molded with a roll press to form a positive electrode active material layer. . Next, an aluminum positive electrode lead was welded and attached to one end of the positive electrode current collector.
  • NCM nickel-cobalt-manganese
  • carbon fine powder carbon fine powder
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • a negative electrode was produced as follows. First, artificial graphite powder as a negative electrode active material and polyvinylidene fluoride as a binder are mixed to form a negative electrode mixture, which is then dispersed in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone to obtain a paste-like negative electrode mixture slurry It was. Next, the negative electrode mixture slurry was applied to both sides of a negative electrode current collector made of a strip-shaped copper foil (15 ⁇ m thick), dried, and then compression molded with a roll press to form a negative electrode active material layer. . Next, a nickel negative electrode lead was attached to one end of the negative electrode current collector.
  • a battery can was prepared in which one groove was provided over a range of 70% to 100% from one end on the top side of the outer peripheral surface.
  • a center pin is inserted into the center hole of the wound electrode body, the wound electrode body is sandwiched between a pair of insulating plates, the negative electrode lead is welded to the battery can, and the positive electrode lead is welded to the safety valve mechanism.
  • the rotating electrode body was housed inside the battery can.
  • a non-aqueous electrolyte was prepared by dissolving LiPF 6 as an electrolyte salt to a concentration of 1 mol / dm 3 in a solvent in which ethylene carbonate and methyl ethyl carbonate were mixed at a volume ratio of 1: 1.
  • Example 1-2 A battery was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1-1 except that in the battery assembly process, the center pin was not inserted into the center hole of the wound electrode body.
  • Examples 2-1 and 2-2 As shown in FIG. 10B, Examples 1-1 and 1-2 except that a battery can in which one groove is provided over a range from 0% to 30% from one end on the top side of the outer peripheral surface is used. A battery was obtained in the same manner as above.
  • Examples 3-1 and 3-2 As shown in FIG. 10C, the four grooves extend over a range from 70% to 100% from one end on the top side of the outer peripheral surface, and battery cans provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surface are used. Were obtained in the same manner as in Examples 1-1 and 1-2.
  • Examples 4-1 and 4-2 As shown in FIG. 10D, four grooves extend from 0% to 30% from one end on the top side of the outer peripheral surface, and battery cans provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surface are used. Were obtained in the same manner as in Examples 1-1 and 1-2.
  • one groove is provided in a range of 0% to 30% from one end on the top side of the outer peripheral surface, and one groove is 70% or more from one end on the top side of the outer peripheral surface.
  • the battery is the same as in Examples 1-1 and 1-2 except that a battery can that is provided over a range of 100% or less and that both grooves are positioned on the same straight line extending in the height direction of the battery can. Got.
  • Example 6-1 and 6-2 As shown in FIG. 11B, one groove is provided over a range of 0% to 30% from one end on the top side of the outer peripheral surface, and one groove is 70% or more from one end on the top side of the outer peripheral surface.
  • Example 1 except that a battery can that is provided over a range of 100% or less and that both grooves are not positioned on the same straight line extending in the height direction of the battery can but shifted in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surface is used.
  • a battery was obtained in the same manner as in Nos. 1 and 1-2.
  • Examples 7-1 and 7-2 As shown in FIG. 11C, Examples 1-1 and 1-2 except that a battery can in which one groove is provided in a range of 75% to 95% from one end on the top side of the outer peripheral surface is used. A battery was obtained in the same manner as above.
  • Example 8-1 and 8-2 As shown in FIG. 11D, Examples 1-1 and 1-2 except that a battery can in which one groove is provided in a range of 5% to 25% from one end on the top side of the outer peripheral surface is used. A battery was obtained in the same manner as above.
  • Example 9-1 and 9-2 As shown in FIG. 12A, Examples 1-1 and 1-2 except that a battery can in which one groove is provided in a range of 80% to 83% from one end on the top side of the outer peripheral surface is used. A battery was obtained in the same manner as above.
  • Examples 10-1 and 10-2 As shown in FIG. 12B, Examples 1-1 and 1-2 except that a battery can in which one groove is provided over a range of 17% to 20% from one end on the top side of the outer peripheral surface is used. A battery was obtained in the same manner as above.
  • Examples 1-1 and 1-2 As shown in FIG. 12C, Examples 1-1 and 1-2 except that a battery can in which one groove is provided in a range of 0% to 100% from one end on the top side of the outer peripheral surface is used. A battery was obtained in the same manner as above.
  • Examples 1-1 and 1-2 As shown in FIG. 12D, Examples 1-1 and 1-2 except that a battery can in which one groove is provided in a range of 30% to 70% from one end on the top side of the outer peripheral surface is used. A battery was obtained in the same manner as above.
  • Examples 1-1 and 1-2 As shown in FIG. 13A, Examples 1-1 and 1-2 except that a battery can in which one groove is provided over a range of 20% to 40% from one end on the top side of the outer peripheral surface is used. A battery was obtained in the same manner as above.
  • Examples 1-1 and 1-2 As shown in FIG. 13B, Examples 1-1 and 1-2 except that a battery can in which one groove is provided over a range of 60% to 80% from one end on the top side of the outer peripheral surface is used. A battery was obtained in the same manner as above.
  • Examples 7-1 and 7-2) As shown in FIG. 13C, Examples 1-1 and 1-2 except that a battery can in which one groove is provided over a range of 0% to 40% from one end on the top side of the outer peripheral surface is used. A battery was obtained in the same manner as above.
  • Examples 1-1 and 1-2 As shown in FIG. 13D, Examples 1-1 and 1-2 except that a battery can in which one groove is provided in a range of 60% to 100% from one end on the top side of the outer peripheral surface is used. A battery was obtained in the same manner as above.
  • Table 1 shows the configurations and evaluation results of the batteries of Examples 1-1 to 10-2 and Comparative Examples 1-1 to 8-2.
  • r Average pore diameter (diameter) of the wound electrode body
  • R Average outer diameter (diameter) of the wound electrode body
  • L Length of groove (thin wall portion)
  • H Height (width) of peripheral surface of battery can
  • n Number of samples whose contents popped out in the fire drop test
  • N Total number of samples subjected to the fire drop test
  • a battery in which a plurality of thin wall portions are provided in the range of 70% to 100% from one end on the top side of the outer peripheral surface of the battery can is compared to a battery in which one thin wall portion is provided in the same range.
  • the rate at which the contents of the battery pop out can be lowered (FIG. 10C, Examples 3-1 and 3-2).
  • a battery in which a plurality of thin wall portions are provided in the range of 0% to 30% from one end on the top side of the outer peripheral surface of the battery can is compared with a battery in which one thin wall portion is provided in the same range.
  • the rate at which the battery contents pop out can be reduced (FIG.
  • a battery having a thin wall portion in both the range of 0% or more and 30% or less and 70% or more and 100% or less from one end on the top side of the outer peripheral surface is a battery provided with a thin wall portion in either of the above ranges.
  • the rate at which the battery contents pop out can be reduced (FIGS. 11A and 11B, Examples 5-1 and 6-2).
  • the thin wall portion is provided in both of the above ranges, whether or not the thin wall portion provided in both ranges is located on the same straight line extending in the height direction of the battery can.
  • the same effect can be obtained (FIGS. 11A and 11B, Examples 5-1 and 6-2).
  • the battery in which the thin wall portion is provided at both ends of the outer peripheral surface of the battery can (specifically, a range of 0% to 30% or 70% to 100% from one end on the top side of the outer peripheral surface) Even after 500 cycles of testing, the battery can does not tear (FIGS. 10A to 12B, Examples 1-1 to 10-2).
  • the thin wall portion is provided in one or both of the ranges of 0% or more and 30% or less and 70% or more and 100% or less from one end on the top side of the battery peripheral surface. Generation of tears can be suppressed and scattering of battery contents can be suppressed. Further, from the viewpoint of suppressing the scattering of the battery contents, the ratio of the length L of the thin wall portion to the height (width) H of the peripheral surface ((L / H) ⁇ 100) is 5% or more and 30%. The following is preferable.
  • the present technology is applied to the lithium ion secondary battery.
  • the present technology can also be applied to a secondary battery other than the lithium ion secondary battery and a primary battery. It is.
  • the present technology is particularly effective when applied to a lithium ion secondary battery.
  • the present technology can be applied to any battery that uses a cylindrical can as a battery can.
  • the present technology can also employ the following configurations.
  • the ratio of the average hole diameter of the through holes to the average outer diameter of the power generation element is 17% or less
  • the thin wall portion is a battery provided in one or both of the ranges of 0% to 30% and 70% to 100% from one end of the peripheral surface.
  • a ratio of the thickness of the thin wall portion to the thickness of the cylindrical can is 10% or more and 80% or less.
  • a ratio of a width of the thin wall portion to an outer diameter of the cylindrical can is 16% or less.
  • a ratio of a width of the thin wall portion to an outer diameter of the cylindrical can is 8% or less.
  • the thin wall portion extends in parallel to the central axis of the cylindrical can, or extends so as to form an angle of 10 ° or less with the central axis of the battery can (from (1) to ( The battery according to any one of 6).
  • One or both of the regions in the range of 0% to 30% and 70% to 100% from one end of the peripheral surface include two or more of the thin wall portions (1) to (7)
  • One or both of the regions in the range of 0% to 30% and 70% to 100% from one end of the peripheral surface include three or more thin wall portions, and the three or more thin wall portions are The battery according to any one of (1) to (8), which is provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the peripheral surface.
  • One or both of the regions in the range of 0% or more and 30% or less and 70% or more and 100% or less from one end of the peripheral surface include three or more thin wall portions, and the adjacent thin wall portions and the The battery according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein an angle formed by a line connecting the central axis of the cylindrical can is in a range of 110 ° to 120 °.
  • (11) Further comprising a safety valve for releasing the gas when it is generated in the cylindrical can;
  • the said battery element is a battery in any one of (1) to (11) provided with the positive electrode containing the positive electrode active material which has an average composition represented by the following formula
  • Li v Ni w M ′ x M ′′ y O z (1) (Where 0 ⁇ v ⁇ 2, w + x + y ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ w ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.5, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.5, 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 3, M ′ and M ′′ Co (cobalt), Fe (iron), Mn (manganese), Cu (copper), Zn (zinc), Al (aluminum), Cr (chromium), V (vanadium), Ti (titanium), Mg (magnesium) And at least one selected from Zr (zirconium).) (13) The battery according to any one of (1) to (12), wherein the thin wall portion is a groove or a flat portion.
  • a battery pack comprising: a control unit that controls the battery.
  • An electric vehicle comprising: a control device that performs information processing related to vehicle control based on information related to the battery.
  • a power information control device that transmits and receives signals to and from other devices via a network, The power storage device according to (18), wherein charge / discharge control of the battery is performed based on information received by the power information control device.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
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