WO2017068863A1 - 超音波診断装置 - Google Patents

超音波診断装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017068863A1
WO2017068863A1 PCT/JP2016/075269 JP2016075269W WO2017068863A1 WO 2017068863 A1 WO2017068863 A1 WO 2017068863A1 JP 2016075269 W JP2016075269 W JP 2016075269W WO 2017068863 A1 WO2017068863 A1 WO 2017068863A1
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Prior art keywords
reception
signal
received
combined
ultrasonic diagnostic
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PCT/JP2016/075269
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
健一 足立
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株式会社日立製作所
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Priority to CN201680054954.8A priority Critical patent/CN108024797B/zh
Publication of WO2017068863A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017068863A1/ja

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/13—Tomography
    • A61B8/14—Echo-tomography

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus, and more particularly to ultrasonic reception signal processing.
  • a general ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus is provided with a phasing addition unit that functions as a beam former.
  • the phasing addition unit electronically forms an ultrasonic beam (reception beam) by performing phase adjustment (phasing) on a plurality of reception signals obtained from a plurality of vibration elements and performing addition processing.
  • An ultrasonic image or the like is formed by performing predetermined processing on the received signal after the phasing addition.
  • reception signal processing of ultrasonic waves are reception parallel beam processing and pulse inversion (phase inversion).
  • reception parallel beam processing a plurality of reception beams are formed in parallel by one transmission (one transmission beam).
  • pulse inversion an ultrasonic wave is transmitted by two transmission signals whose phases are inverted from each other, and a reception signal obtained from one transmission signal and a reception signal obtained from the other transmission signal are added or differentially processed. Is done.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above-described background art, and an object thereof is to realize a new circuit configuration relating to ultrasonic reception signal processing. Another object of the present invention is to realize a suitable circuit configuration in received signal processing involving synthesis processing such as pulse inversion. Another object of the present invention is to realize a circuit configuration suitable for reception signal processing involving synthesis processing such as pulse inversion and reception parallel beam processing.
  • An ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus suitable for the above-described object is configured to combine a plurality of vibration elements that transmit and receive ultrasonic waves and a reception signal set obtained for each vibration element to generate a composite reception signal for each vibration element. It has a signal synthesizing part to generate, and a phasing addition part which generates a reception beam signal by delay processing and addition processing to a plurality of synthetic reception signals corresponding to the plurality of vibration elements.
  • the signal synthesis unit generates a synthesized reception signal corresponding to the beam number by synthesizing a reception signal set corresponding to each beam number obtained for each vibration element, and the phasing
  • the addition unit generates a reception beam signal corresponding to each beam number by delay processing and addition processing for a plurality of combined reception signals corresponding to the plurality of vibration elements generated for each beam number.
  • the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus includes a reception signal storage unit having a capacity capable of storing a reception signal set corresponding to at least one beam number for each vibration element, and at least 2 for each vibration element. And a combined signal storage unit having a storage area in which a combined reception signal corresponding to one beam number can be individually written and read for each beam.
  • the phasing addition unit reads a plurality of combined reception signals corresponding to each beam number from the combined signal storage unit according to a delay pattern corresponding to the beam number, and reads the plurality of combined reception signals read out.
  • a reception beam signal corresponding to the beam number is generated by performing the addition process.
  • the phasing addition unit is configured to read a plurality of combined reception signals written and stored in the combined signal storage unit at a reading speed faster than a writing speed, and to correspond to a plurality of reception parallel beams.
  • a plurality of received beam signals corresponding to a plurality of received parallel beams are generated by reading out according to a delay pattern and adding a plurality of combined received signals read for each delay pattern.
  • a new circuit configuration related to ultrasonic reception signal processing is realized.
  • a suitable circuit configuration can be realized in received signal processing involving synthesis processing such as pulse inversion.
  • a suitable circuit configuration is realized in a reception signal process involving a combination process such as pulse inversion and a reception parallel beam process.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an overall configuration of an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus that is preferable in the practice of the present invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the specific example of a reception parallel beam process. It is a figure for demonstrating the specific example of the received signal process accompanied by a synthetic
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a specific example of an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus suitable for implementing the present invention.
  • the array transducer 10 is provided in an ultrasonic probe (probe).
  • the array transducer 10 is composed of a plurality of vibration elements 12 each transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves.
  • an ultrasonic beam is formed, and the ultrasonic beam is electronically scanned.
  • Examples of the electronic scanning method include electronic linear scanning and electronic sector scanning.
  • the ultrasonic probe is used in contact with the surface of a living body or inserted into a body cavity of a living body.
  • the transmission of the plurality of vibration elements 12 constituting the array transducer 10 is controlled by a transmission unit (not shown) that functions as a transmission beamformer. And the received signal obtained when each vibration element 12 received the ultrasonic wave from a biological body is signal-processed by each part of the back
  • Each preamplifier 14 amplifies the reception signal output from each vibration element 12, and the amplified reception signal is input to each A / D converter (ADC) 16.
  • ADC A / D converter
  • Each A / D converter 16 converts an analog reception signal into a digital reception signal.
  • Each reception processing unit 18 performs a reception process required for a digital reception signal.
  • a specific example of the reception process includes decimation (decimation process) and the like. By the decimation, the sampling number of the digital reception signal is thinned out to, for example, n / m (n and m are natural numbers).
  • the reception signal (digital) processed by each reception processing unit 18 is stored in the reception signal storage unit 20.
  • the reception signal storage unit 20 includes a plurality of reception signal memories 22 corresponding to the plurality of vibration elements 12. Each reception signal memory 22 stores a reception signal obtained from each corresponding vibration element 12 and processed by each reception processing unit 18. Each received signal memory 22 stores a received signal set for one beam (a set of received signals corresponding to one beam number) related to each vibration element 12.
  • a specific example of the reception signal set is a set of a reception signal obtained from one transmission signal and a reception signal obtained from the other transmission signal in pulse inversion.
  • Each reception signal memory 22 is a memory having a relatively large storage capacity (large capacity) capable of storing a reception signal set for one beam, and can be realized by, for example, a DRAM.
  • the reception signal storage unit 20 including a plurality of reception signal memories 22 may be realized by, for example, one storage device (for example, one package DRAM) or a plurality of storage devices (for example, a plurality of package DRAMs). ) May be combined.
  • the signal synthesis unit 30 includes a plurality of synthesis processing units 32 corresponding to the plurality of vibration elements 12. Each synthesis processing unit 32 reads out the received signal set obtained from each corresponding vibration element 12 and stored in each received signal memory 22 and performs synthesis processing. Each reception signal memory 22 stores a reception signal set for one beam corresponding to one beam number among a plurality of beam numbers. Each combining processing unit 32 reads a received signal set corresponding to each beam number stored in each received signal memory 22 and performs a combining process to generate a combined received signal corresponding to the beam number.
  • the specific example of the received signal set is a set of two received signals obtained by pulse inversion
  • the two received signals are added in each synthesis processing unit 32, for example, second harmonic (even order) Harmonic) composite received signal is formed.
  • second harmonic (even order) Harmonic) composite received signal is formed from the difference between two received signals obtained by pulse inversion.
  • a combined received signal in which even-order harmonics are reduced (or removed) may be formed.
  • the combined signal storage unit 40 includes a plurality of combined signal memories 42 corresponding to the plurality of vibration elements 12.
  • Each composite signal memory 42 stores a composite reception signal of each corresponding vibration element 12.
  • Each composite signal memory 42 includes two storage areas A and B corresponding to two beams (two beam numbers). Then, among the combined reception signals for two beams, the combined reception signal corresponding to one beam number can be written to one storage area, and the combined reception signal corresponding to the other beam number can be read from the other storage area. it can. That is, each composite signal memory 42 has a function as a ping-pong buffer.
  • each composite signal memory 42 is a dual port memory composed of SRAM.
  • the synthesized signal storage unit 40 including the plurality of synthesized signal memories 42 may be realized by, for example, one device (for example, one package storage device) or a plurality of devices (for example, a plurality of package storage devices). ) May be combined.
  • the phasing addition unit 50 generates a reception beam signal by delay processing and addition processing for a plurality of combined reception signals corresponding to the plurality of vibration elements 12.
  • the phasing adder 50 reads out a plurality of combined reception signals corresponding to the plurality of vibration elements 12 generated for each beam number and stored in the plurality of combined signal memories 42, and receives the received beam corresponding to each beam number.
  • a signal (received beam data) is generated.
  • the phasing addition unit 50 reads out a plurality of combined reception signals corresponding to the plurality of vibration elements 12 from each storage area (A or B) corresponding to the beam number according to the delay pattern corresponding to each beam number. For example, the data at the address corresponding to the delay pattern (delay data) is read out from the combined reception signal (data) for one beam stored in each storage area. Delay processing (phasing processing) is realized by this reading processing (reading address control), and data obtained from a plurality of combined reception signals according to the delay pattern is added to form a reception beam signal (reception beam data).
  • the phasing / adding unit 50 has a function of executing reception parallel beam processing for forming a plurality of reception beam signals for each beam number.
  • a specific example of the reception parallel beam processing by the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus of FIG. 1 will be described in detail later (see FIGS. 2 to 4).
  • the number of received parallel beams may be increased to M times by providing M (M is a natural number) phasing adders 50 and executing the received parallel beam processing in each phasing adder 50.
  • the phases of the received signals of the plurality of vibration elements 12 are aligned with respect to the focus point, and electronic focusing and electron beam steering are achieved.
  • the received beam signal (received beam data) after the phasing addition is further processed in a subsequent processing unit (not shown).
  • processing such as detection and logarithmic compression is performed on the received beam signal.
  • processing such as autocorrelation calculation for a complex signal is executed.
  • processing necessary for extraction of Doppler information and frequency analysis such as orthogonal detection processing is executed.
  • the detection processing may be executed for each vibration element 12 before the phasing addition processing by the phasing addition unit 50. Also, by making the received signal a baseband signal by detection processing, in general, the number of samplings when digitized can be reduced, so that, for example, the decimation rate in decimation is further increased (compared to the case without detection). The number of data to be thinned out may be increased).
  • image data of an ultrasonic image is formed through interpolation processing or coordinate conversion processing by a digital scan converter, and the ultrasonic image corresponding to the image data is displayed on a display device such as a liquid crystal monitor.
  • the overall configuration of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus in FIG. 1 is as described above. Next, a specific example of the received signal processing realized by the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus in FIG. 1 will be described in detail. In addition, about the structure (each part to which the code
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a specific example of reception parallel beam processing.
  • FIG. 2 shows a time chart (timing chart) of reception signal processing realized by the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus of FIG.
  • FIG. 2 ⁇ A> shows that transmission for each beam number (BN #) is performed only once (transmission once), the synthesis processing by each synthesis processing unit 32 is turned off (no synthesis processing), This shows a process of forming 8 reception parallel beams (8 parallel) for each beam number (BN #) without performing decimation in the reception processing unit 18.
  • each reception signal memory 22 (CH memory) corresponding to each vibration element 12 stores the beam number (BN # 0).
  • the received signal is stored.
  • each received signal memory 22 since the combining process is off (no combining process), each received signal memory 22 has only received signals obtained by one transmission for each beam number (BN #). Is memorized. That is, a reception signal set is configured only by reception signals obtained by one transmission.
  • the transmission / reception of the beam number (BN # 1) When the transmission / reception of the beam number (BN # 1) is completed, the transmission / reception of the beam number (BN # 2) is immediately executed, and the beam number (BN #) is stored in each reception signal memory 22 (CH memory) corresponding to each vibration element 12. The received signal of 2) is stored.
  • the reception signal of the beam number (BN # 1) stored in each reception signal memory 22 (CH memory) is read out, and the synthesis processing unit 32 Is stored in the other storage area (for example, storage area B) of each synthesized signal memory 42 (line memory).
  • the received signal of the beam number (BN # 0) is read from each synthesized signal memory 42 by the phasing addition unit 50, and the phasing addition processing is performed. Executed. In this phasing addition process, eight received beam signals corresponding to the eight received parallel beams are formed.
  • the phasing / adding unit 50 starts from one storage area (for example, storage area A) of each combined signal memory 42 for each delay pattern according to eight (0 to 7) delay patterns related to the beam number (BN # 0).
  • eight received beam signals corresponding to the eight received parallel beams are formed. That is, eight readings (reading speed eight times the writing speed) are executed in accordance with eight delay patterns within a period during which transmission / reception of one beam number (BN # 2) is performed, and eight received parallel beams.
  • a process of forming (8 parallel) is realized.
  • the phasing addition unit 50 In the period in which the phasing addition unit 50 reads out the received signal of the beam number (BN # 0) from one storage area (for example, the storage area A) of each composite signal memory 42 and executes the phasing addition process, that is, the beam During the transmission / reception period of the number (BN # 2), the reception signal of the beam number (BN # 1) is written to the other storage area (for example, the storage area B) of each composite signal memory 42. Further, during the period in which the phasing addition unit 50 reads out the received signal of the beam number (BN # 1) from the other storage area (for example, the storage area B) of each synthetic signal memory 42 and executes the phasing addition process.
  • the reception signal of the beam number (BN # 2) is written in one storage area (for example, storage area A) of the signal memory 42. As described above, the reception signals corresponding to the plurality of beam numbers are alternately read and written alternately in the two storage areas A and B of each composite signal memory 42.
  • FIG. 2 ⁇ B> shows that transmission for each beam number (BN #) is performed only once (transmission once), and the synthesis processing by each synthesis processing unit 32 is turned off (no synthesis processing).
  • This is the same as the specific example of FIG. 2 ⁇ A>.
  • the difference from FIG. 2 ⁇ A> is that thinning (decimation) is performed in FIG. 2 ⁇ B>. That is, in each reception processing unit 18, thinning (decimation) is performed to halve the number of received signal data.
  • 16 reception parallel beams (16 parallel) can be formed for each beam number (BN #).
  • each reception signal memory 22 (CH memory) corresponding to each vibration element 12 is transmitted.
  • each reception processing unit 18 performs decimation that halves the number of received signal data (1/2).
  • each reception signal memory 22 receives the reception obtained by one transmission for each beam number (BN #). Only the signal is stored.
  • transmission / reception of the beam number (BN # 0) When transmission / reception of the beam number (BN # 0) is completed, transmission / reception of the beam number (BN # 1) is immediately executed, and the beam number (BN #) is stored in each reception signal memory 22 (CH memory) corresponding to each vibration element 12.
  • the received signal of 1) (the thinned received signal) is stored.
  • the reception signal of the beam number (BN # 0) stored in each reception signal memory 22 (CH memory) is read out, and the synthesis processing unit 32 is stored in one storage area (for example, storage area A) of each combined signal memory 42 (line memory).
  • transmission / reception of the beam number (BN # 1) is executed immediately after the reception signal of the beam number (BN # 0) is written in each composite signal memory 42. From the middle of the period, the phasing addition processing of the beam number (BN # 0) can be executed.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a specific example of the received signal processing accompanied with the synthesis processing.
  • FIG. 3 shows a time chart (timing chart) of received signal processing accompanied with synthesis processing realized by the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus of FIG.
  • FIG. 3 ⁇ A> shows the same time chart as FIG. 2 ⁇ A>. That is, in FIG. 3 ⁇ A>, transmission for each beam number (BN #) is only once (one transmission), and the synthesis processing by each synthesis processing unit 32 is turned off (no synthesis processing). This shows a process of forming eight reception parallel beams (8 parallel) for each beam number (BN #) without performing decimation in each reception processing unit 18.
  • FIG. 3 ⁇ B> transmission is performed twice for each beam number (BN #), and the synthesis processing unit 32 performs synthesis processing on the received signal set obtained by the two transmissions. Is executed.
  • a pulse inversion which is a specific example of the synthesis process, is executed.
  • decimation is not performed in each reception processing unit 18, and 16 reception parallel beams (16 parallel) are formed for each beam number (BN #).
  • transmission / reception of the beam number (BN # 0) is performed twice. That is, transmission / reception of ultrasonic waves related to the first transmission / reception number (BN # 0p) is executed, and the reception signal of the transmission / reception number (BN # 0p) is stored in each reception signal memory 22 (CH memory). For example, transmission / reception by the transmission signal p is executed, and a reception signal corresponding to the transmission signal p is stored. Further, the transmission / reception of the ultrasonic wave related to the second transmission / reception number (BN # 0n) is executed, and the reception signal of the transmission / reception number (BN # 0n) is stored in each reception signal memory 22.
  • transmission / reception is performed using a transmission signal n obtained by inverting the phase of the transmission signal p, and a reception signal corresponding to the transmission signal n is stored.
  • a set of reception signals corresponding to the transmission signal p of the beam number (BN # 0) and reception signals corresponding to the transmission signal n (reception signal set) is stored in each reception signal memory 22.
  • each combining processing unit is read out. 32 is combined. For example, a reception signal corresponding to the transmission signal p of the beam number (BN # 0) and a reception signal corresponding to the transmission signal n are added to form a combined reception signal BN # 0 (p + n).
  • the combined received signal BN # 0 (p + n) formed in each combining processing unit 32 is stored in one storage area (for example, storage area A) of each combined signal memory 42 (line memory).
  • the reception signal set of the beam number (BN # 1) stored in each reception signal memory 22 is read and each combining processing unit is read out. 32 is combined.
  • the reception signal corresponding to the transmission signal p of the beam number (BN # 1) and the reception signal corresponding to the transmission signal n are added to form a combined reception signal BN # 1 (p + n).
  • the combined received signal BN # 1 (p + n) formed in each combining processing unit 32 is stored in the other storage area (for example, storage area B) of each combined signal memory 42.
  • the combined reception signal BN # 0 (p + n) of the beam number (BN # 0) is sent from the combined signal memory 42 to the phasing addition unit 50. And the phasing addition processing is executed. In this phasing addition process, 16 received beam signals corresponding to 16 received parallel beams are formed.
  • the phasing / adding unit 50 performs combined reception signal BN for each delay pattern from one storage area (for example, storage area A) of each combined signal memory 42 according to 16 delay patterns corresponding to 16 received parallel beams.
  • # 0 (p + n) By reading out # 0 (p + n) and performing addition processing, 16 (0 to 15) received beam signals corresponding to 16 received parallel beams are formed. That is, 16 readings are executed in accordance with 16 delay patterns within a period in which two transmissions / receptions for one beam number (BN # 2) are performed, and 16 reception parallel beams (16 parallel) are formed. Is done.
  • FIG. 3 ⁇ B> it is only necessary to execute 16 readings within a period in which two transmissions / receptions are performed. Therefore, the same reading speed (writing speed) as in FIG. 16 parallel phasing addition processing can be realized.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a specific example of reception signal processing in the B / PW mode.
  • FIG. 4 shows a time chart (timing chart) of received signal processing in the B / PW mode realized by the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus of FIG.
  • the B / PW mode is a mode in which formation of an ultrasonic tomographic image (B mode image) and Doppler measurement by pulse Doppler (PW) are executed in parallel.
  • FIG. 4 shows a specific example of processing in which transmission / reception of pulse Doppler and B mode is alternately repeated by using 128 transmissions / receptions in pulse Doppler as a unit of transmission / reception period.
  • the synthesis process is off (no synthesis process).
  • the first transmission / reception (DOP0 to DOP127) of pulse Doppler is executed, and the reception signals DOP0 to DOP127 (0) obtained thereby are stored in each reception signal memory 22 (CH memory) corresponding to each vibration element 12. .
  • the first transmission / reception (BWB # 0 to BWB # 15) of the B mode is executed, and the reception signals BW # 0 to 15 obtained thereby are received for the respective vibration elements 12. It is stored in the signal memory 22 (CH memory).
  • the signal memory 22 CH memory
  • 16 transmissions (16 times) for the B mode are executed within the same period as the 128 transmission times (128 times) of pulse Doppler.
  • pulse Doppler reception signals DOP0 to DOP127 (0) stored in each reception signal memory 22 are read out and combined.
  • the data is stored in one storage area (for example, storage area A) of each combined signal memory 42 (line memory) via the unit 32.
  • the second transmission / reception of pulse Doppler (DOP0 to DOP127) is executed, and the reception signals DOP0 to DOP127 (1) obtained thereby are received signal memories corresponding to the respective vibration elements 12. 22 is stored.
  • the B-mode reception signals BW # 0 to 15 stored in the reception signal memories 22 are read out, and the synthesis signals are sent through the synthesis processing unit 32. It is stored in the other storage area (for example, storage area B) of the memory 42.
  • the pulse Doppler reception signals DOP0 to DOP127 (0) are read from the synthesized signal memory 42 by the phasing adder 50, and the phasing addition processing is executed.
  • reception parallel beam processing is not performed, and a reception beam signal corresponding to one reception beam is formed by reception signals obtained by one (one) transmission / reception.
  • the second transmission / reception (BWB # 16 to BWB # 31) of the B mode is executed. That is, the continuation of scanning by the first transmission / reception (BWB # 0 to BWB # 15) in the B mode is executed.
  • Received signals BW # 16 to 31 obtained by the second transmission / reception in the B mode are stored in each received signal memory 22 corresponding to each vibration element 12.
  • the pulse Doppler reception signals DOP0 to DOP127 (1) stored in each reception signal memory 22 are read out, and each synthesis is performed via the synthesis processing unit 32. It is stored in one storage area (for example, storage area A) of the signal memory 42.
  • reception signals BW # 0 to BW # 15 to 15 in the B mode are read out from the combined signal memories 42 by the phasing addition unit 50, and the phasing addition processing is executed. Is done.
  • a reception beam signal corresponding to one reception beam may be formed by reception signals obtained by one (one) transmission / reception, or one (one) reception beam signal may be formed.
  • Reception parallel beam processing for forming a plurality of reception beam signals corresponding to a plurality of reception parallel beams from reception signals obtained by transmission and reception may be executed.
  • the idle time generated by the short pulse Doppler phasing addition processing For example, after the period in which the second transmission / reception (BWB # 16 to BWB # 31) in the B mode is executed, the empty space obtained by delaying the start of the phasing addition processing for the received signals DOP0 to DOP127 (1) of pulse Doppler
  • the empty space obtained by delaying the start of the phasing addition processing for the received signals DOP0 to DOP127 (1) of pulse Doppler
  • a plurality of reception beam signals corresponding to a plurality of reception parallel beams are formed for each reception signal of B-mode reception signals BW # 0 to 15 using the extended phasing addition processing time. It may be.

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PCT/JP2016/075269 2015-10-20 2016-08-30 超音波診断装置 WO2017068863A1 (ja)

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