WO2017065225A1 - 光合波器及びこの光合波器を用いた画像投影装置 - Google Patents
光合波器及びこの光合波器を用いた画像投影装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017065225A1 WO2017065225A1 PCT/JP2016/080403 JP2016080403W WO2017065225A1 WO 2017065225 A1 WO2017065225 A1 WO 2017065225A1 JP 2016080403 W JP2016080403 W JP 2016080403W WO 2017065225 A1 WO2017065225 A1 WO 2017065225A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29379—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device
- G02B6/2938—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device for multiplexing or demultiplexing, i.e. combining or separating wavelengths, e.g. 1xN, NxM
- G02B6/29388—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device for multiplexing or demultiplexing, i.e. combining or separating wavelengths, e.g. 1xN, NxM for lighting or use with non-coherent light
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
- G02B26/10—Scanning systems
- G02B26/101—Scanning systems with both horizontal and vertical deflecting means, e.g. raster or XY scanners
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/12007—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind forming wavelength selective elements, e.g. multiplexer, demultiplexer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
- H04N1/00127—Connection or combination of a still picture apparatus with another apparatus, e.g. for storage, processing or transmission of still picture signals or of information associated with a still picture
- H04N1/00249—Connection or combination of a still picture apparatus with another apparatus, e.g. for storage, processing or transmission of still picture signals or of information associated with a still picture with a photographic apparatus, e.g. a photographic printer or a projector
- H04N1/00267—Connection or combination of a still picture apparatus with another apparatus, e.g. for storage, processing or transmission of still picture signals or of information associated with a still picture with a photographic apparatus, e.g. a photographic printer or a projector with a viewing or projecting apparatus, e.g. for reading image information from a film
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
- H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
- H04N9/3129—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM] scanning a light beam on the display screen
- H04N9/3135—Driving therefor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
- H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
- H04N9/3141—Constructional details thereof
- H04N9/315—Modulator illumination systems
- H04N9/3164—Modulator illumination systems using multiple light sources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
- H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
- H04N9/3179—Video signal processing therefor
- H04N9/3182—Colour adjustment, e.g. white balance, shading or gamut
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/122—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
- G02B6/125—Bends, branchings or intersections
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29331—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by evanescent wave coupling
- G02B6/29332—Wavelength selective couplers, i.e. based on evanescent coupling between light guides, e.g. fused fibre couplers with transverse coupling between fibres having different propagation constant wavelength dependency
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4204—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
- G02B6/4215—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms the intermediate optical elements being wavelength selective optical elements, e.g. variable wavelength optical modules or wavelength lockers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical multiplexer that multiplexes three visible lights having different wavelengths, and an image projection apparatus using the optical multiplexer.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for combining light sources having three wavelengths by using a dichroic mirror.
- an optical coupling device using a directional coupler is known (for example, see Patent Document 2). If such an optical coupling device is used, a reduction in the size of the display can be expected.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a technique in which three different wavelengths are incident on an optical waveguide and visible light is combined by three combining units.
- the technique using the directional coupler described in Patent Document 2 can multiplex three wavelengths of visible light, but the multiplex part itself requires very high processing accuracy.
- the wavelength incident on the central waveguide is limited, and there is a problem that it is difficult to further reduce the size of the waveguide pattern when considering a loss due to light absorption.
- the present invention was created to solve such problems, and an object thereof is to provide an optical multiplexer capable of further miniaturization and an image projection apparatus using the optical multiplexer.
- an optical multiplexer is an optical multiplexer that combines a plurality of lights having different wavelengths, the first waveguide into which light having a first wavelength is incident, and the first A second waveguide in which light having a second wavelength shorter than light of one wavelength is incident; a third waveguide in which light having a third wavelength shorter than light of the second wavelength is incident; A first combining unit for transmitting the light between the first waveguide and the second waveguide; and a second combining unit for transmitting the light between the third waveguide and the first waveguide.
- a wave unit, wherein the second wavelength light is propagated to the first waveguide by the first multiplexing unit, and the third wavelength light is transmitted by the second multiplexing unit to the first waveguide. Propagated in a waveguide.
- the first multiplexing unit may be configured such that the length in the propagation direction is substantially half of the length of the second multiplexing unit.
- the first multiplexing unit may be configured to be equal to twice the mode coupling length of the light of the first wavelength.
- the first waveguide, the second waveguide, and the third waveguide are composed of a core layer, and have a refractive index smaller than the core layer around the core layer. It is good also as a structure which has a clad layer.
- the plurality of lights having different wavelengths are visible light.
- the light of the first wavelength is propagated to the second waveguide by mode coupling in the first multiplexer and the first wave propagated to the second waveguide.
- the light of one wavelength is propagated again to the first waveguide at the first multiplexing unit, and the light of the first wavelength propagated again to the first waveguide is the first multiplexing unit at the second multiplexing unit.
- the first wavelength light propagated to three waveguides and propagated to the third waveguide may be propagated again to the first waveguide at the second multiplexing unit.
- the light of the second wavelength is propagated to the first waveguide by mode coupling at the first multiplexer and the first wavelength propagated to the first waveguide.
- the two-wavelength light may be configured to be propagated again to the first waveguide after being propagated to the third waveguide by the second multiplexer.
- the third wavelength light may be configured to be propagated to the first waveguide by mode coupling in the second multiplexing unit.
- An image projection apparatus is an image projection apparatus using the optical multiplexer having the above-described configurations, and includes a first light source that emits light of the first wavelength to the first waveguide, and the second light source.
- a second light source that emits light of the second wavelength to the waveguide, a third light source that emits light of the third wavelength to the third waveguide, and wavelength multiplexed light emitted from the optical combiner It is good also as a structure provided with the image formation part which scans dimensionally and projects an image on a to-be-projected surface.
- the optical multiplexer of the present invention a single mode can be obtained at a very high output rate for light of each wavelength to be combined even if there are individual differences due to the manufacturing process. As a result, it is possible to realize an optical multiplexer that is further downsized than the conventional optical multiplexer while maintaining high performance.
- FIG. 1A It is a schematic plan view which shows the structure of the optical multiplexer which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is the side view which looked at the optical multiplexer shown to FIG. 1A from the left direction. It is a figure explaining the effect
- 5 is a graph showing a relationship between variations in output and core width in the optical multiplexer according to the first embodiment.
- 5 is a graph showing a relationship between variations in output and core width in the optical multiplexer according to the first embodiment.
- 6 is a graph showing a relationship between variations in output and coupling length in the optical multiplexer according to the first embodiment.
- 6 is a graph showing a relationship between variations in output and coupling length in the optical multiplexer according to the first embodiment.
- 3 is a graph showing a relationship between variation in output and wavelength in the optical multiplexer according to the first embodiment. It is a schematic block diagram at the time of applying the optical multiplexer of this invention to the scanning display which is an example of an image projector.
- FIG. 1A is a schematic plan view showing the configuration of the optical multiplexer according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
- FIG. 1B is a side view of the optical multiplexer shown in FIG. 1A viewed from the left.
- the three visible lights combined in the optical multiplexer according to the first embodiment are monochromatic lights, the wavelength of the first visible light is the longest, the wavelength of the second visible light is then long, and the wavelength of the third visible light Is the shortest condition.
- red light (R), green light (G), and blue light (B) will be described as examples of three visible lights having different wavelengths.
- the wavelength ⁇ R of red light is 620 to 750 nm
- the wavelength ⁇ G of green light is 495 to 570 nm
- the wavelength ⁇ B of blue light is 450 to 495 nm
- green light having a wavelength ⁇ G 520 nm
- the optical multiplexer 10 includes a substrate 210, a clad layer 220 formed on the substrate 210, a first waveguide 101 formed in the clad layer 220 and disposed in a plane parallel to the substrate 210, A second waveguide 102 and a third waveguide 103 are provided.
- first waveguide 101, the second waveguide 102, and the third waveguide 103 single-mode red light (R) and green having different wavelengths from one end 101a, 102a, 103a exposed on one surface of the cladding layer 220, respectively.
- Light (G) and blue light (B) are incident, and each color light of RGB is combined while being propagated through the first waveguide 101, the second waveguide 102, and the third waveguide 103.
- the light is emitted from the other end 101 b of the first waveguide 101 exposed on the other surface of the cladding layer 220.
- the red light (R) since the red light (R) has a long wavelength and has the largest loss with respect to the bending of the waveguide, it is desirable that the red light (R) is incident on the first waveguide in the center without bending.
- a first multiplexing unit 110 and a second multiplexing unit 120 are provided in order from the one end 101a side.
- the first waveguide 101, the second waveguide 102, and the third waveguide 103 are arranged at intervals that do not cause optical coupling in regions other than the first multiplexing unit 110 and the second multiplexing unit 120.
- the first multiplexing unit 110 and the second multiplexing unit 120 are configured as directional couplers.
- the second waveguide 102 is in contact with the first waveguide 101 with a gap width described later
- the third waveguide 103 is in contact with the first waveguide 101 with a gap width to be described later, and the RGB light components are multiplexed.
- the length L1 of the first multiplexing unit 110 is the length of the mode coupling length of the wavelength of the first visible light (the light incident on one waveguide in the directional coupler is the other waveguide). Is equal to twice the length of the coupling portion that emits 100% from the second coupling portion), and is approximately half the length L2 of the second multiplexing portion.
- the green light of the second waveguide 102 is propagated to the first waveguide 101 by mode coupling.
- the blue light of the third waveguide 103 is propagated to the first waveguide 101 by mode coupling.
- the optical multiplexer 10 configured as described above can be formed by a known flame deposition method, sputtering method, or the like.
- a low refractive index silicon oxide film to be the cladding layer 220 is formed on the silicon substrate 210 by a flame deposition method
- a high refractive index silicon oxide film to be the core layer is laminated.
- this core layer is patterned as an optical waveguide having a constant core width by photolithography using a photomask having a pattern corresponding to the shape of the first to third waveguides 101, 102, 103.
- a silicon oxide film having a low refractive index to be the clad layer 220 is laminated thereon to cover the optical waveguide core.
- the core layer is provided with a refractive index difference of about 0.5%, so that light propagating in the core repeatedly undergoes internal reflection. , Can propagate efficiently in the core. If the core diameter at this time is about 2 ⁇ m, each color light of RGB can be propagated in a single mode.
- the thickness of the clad layer is preferably 10 ⁇ m or more for efficient light propagation.
- both end surfaces of the substrate 210 and the cladding layer 220 are polished to expose one end 101a, 102a, 103a of the first to third waveguides 101, 102, 103 and the other end 101b of the second waveguide 102.
- the optical multiplexer 10 is completed.
- FIG. 2A shows the result of using 101, 102, and 103
- FIG. 2A shows the case where single mode red light (R) is incident
- FIG. 2B shows the case where single mode green light (G) is incident
- FIG. In each of the cases where single mode blue light (B) is incident how each of the RGB color lights passes through the first multiplexing unit 110 and the second multiplexing unit 120 and how each of the waveguides 101, 102, 103 is processed. It is the figure which showed how it is propagated to.
- Single mode light is ideal for efficient beam shaping with a lens or the like as a light source.
- the intensity of the light propagating through the optical multiplexer 10 is expressed in light and dark, and the lighter portion (the black portion in the drawing) indicates that the light intensity is higher.
- the red light (R) incident on the first waveguide 101 is propagated to the second waveguide 102 by mode coupling in the first multiplexing unit 110.
- the red light (R) propagated to the second waveguide 102 is propagated again to the first waveguide by mode coupling in the first multiplexing unit 110.
- the first waveguide again passes from the first waveguide 101 through the second waveguide 102. The light can be returned almost 100% to 101.
- the length of the second multiplexing unit 120 is twice the length of the first multiplexing unit 110, the length of the second multiplexing unit 120 is four times the mode coupling length of the wavelength of the first visible light. Therefore, light can be returned almost 100% from the first waveguide 101 to the first waveguide 101 again via the third waveguide 103.
- the propagation path of the incident red light (R) is indicated by a dashed arrow.
- the optical waveguide due to the manufacturing process.
- the individual difference is a manufacturing variation generated in the dimension part of the directional coupler that forms each multiplexing part, and affects the performance.
- it may be the gap width interval between the waveguides, the width of the core portion of the waveguide, or the length of the coupling portion.
- light sources such as LEDs and LDs
- FIG. 3 shows the names of each part for explaining the individual differences of the optical multiplexer.
- three optical multiplexers are arranged side by side (specifically, the three optical multiplexers shown in FIGS. 2A to 2C are arranged in that order).
- the refractive indexes of the cores through which the light sources of respective colors are guided are n1, n2, and n3 from the left, and the core widths are a1, a2, and a3.
- the length of the left waveguide and the central waveguide coupled is L1
- the length of the right waveguide and the central waveguide coupled is L2.
- 4A and 4B indicate the deviation ⁇ S from the reference gap width.
- ⁇ S 12 is the amount of deviation from the design value of the gap between the cores of the first waveguide 101 and the second waveguide 102 in the first multiplexing unit 110
- ⁇ S 23 is the first waveguide 101 in the second multiplexing unit 120.
- the reference gap width S is 2 ⁇ m.
- 4A and 4B indicate the ratio T of the intensity of the output light with respect to the intensity of the light input to the optical multiplexer 10. As shown in FIGS.
- a single mode in the reference gap width, a single mode can be obtained with an output of 98% or more for red light (R), green light (G), and blue light (B). If the deviation is about ⁇ 0.08 ⁇ m with respect to the reference gap, a single mode can always be obtained with an output of 80% or more at each wavelength.
- the horizontal axis of FIGS. 5A to 5C indicates the amount of deviation ⁇ a from the reference core width.
- ⁇ a 1 is the amount of deviation from the core width a 1 of the first waveguide 101
- ⁇ a 2 is the amount of deviation from the core width a 2 of the second waveguide 102
- ⁇ a 3 is the core width a 3 of the third waveguide 103. This is the amount of deviation.
- the reference core width is 2 ⁇ m.
- 5A to 5C indicate the ratio T of the intensity of the output light with respect to the intensity of the light input to the optical multiplexer 10. As shown in FIGS.
- a single mode in the reference core width, a single mode can be obtained with an output of 98% or more for red light (R), green light (G), and blue light (B). If the deviation is about ⁇ 0.03 ⁇ m from the reference core width, a single mode can always be obtained with an output of 80% or more at each wavelength.
- FIGS. 6A and 6B indicate the amount of deviation ⁇ L from the reference coupling length.
- ⁇ L 1 is the amount of deviation from the design value L 1 of the first multiplexing unit 110
- ⁇ L 2 is the amount of deviation from the design value L 2 of the second multiplexing unit 120.
- the reference coupling length is related to the wavelength used and the core diameter.
- L1 1.4 mm
- L2 2.8 mm.
- 6A and 6B represents the ratio T of the intensity of the output light with respect to the intensity of the light input to the optical multiplexer 10. As shown in FIGS.
- a single mode in the reference coupling length, a single mode can be obtained with an output of 98% or more for each of red light (R), green light (G), and blue light (B). If the deviation is about ⁇ 200 ⁇ m with respect to the reference coupling length, a single mode can always be obtained with an output of 80% or more at each wavelength.
- the horizontal axis indicates the amount of deviation from the reference wavelength
- the vertical axis indicates the ratio T of the intensity of the output light to the intensity of the light input to the optical multiplexer 10.
- the optical multiplexer 10 of the first embodiment a single mode can be obtained at a very high output rate for light of each wavelength to be multiplexed even if there is an individual difference due to the manufacturing process. it can. As a result, it is possible to realize an optical multiplexer that is further downsized than the conventional optical multiplexer while maintaining high performance.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram when the optical multiplexer 10 having the above-described configuration is applied to a scanning display which is an example of an image projection apparatus.
- the scanning display is roughly divided into the control unit 12, the laser drivers 15a to 15c of the R, G, and B, the LDs 16a to 16c corresponding to the R, G, and B, the optical multiplexer 10, the lens 21, and the scanner 22. , A scanning driver 23, a relay optical system 24, a screen 25, and the like. In FIG. 8, the specific configuration of the relay optical system 24 is not shown.
- the control unit 12 controls the laser output of each wavelength, and currents corresponding to the results are respectively sent from the R laser driver 15a, the G laser driver 15b, and the B laser driver 15c to the R-LD 16a, G-LD 16b, and B- Applied to each of the LDs 16c.
- the output light passes through the optical multiplexer 10, is adjusted to desired light, passes through the lens 21, and is beam-formed.
- the shape of this beam shaping varies depending on the performance of the scanner 22 used and the specifications of the display.
- the light molded by the lens 21 is reflected by the scanner 22, projected onto the screen 25, and imaged as a bright spot on the screen 25 as the projection light 26.
- the control unit 12 controls the scanner 22 by transmitting a horizontal signal and a vertical signal to the scanning driver 23.
- This signal includes a synchronization signal that determines the operation timing of the scanner 22, a drive setting signal that sets the voltage and frequency of the drive signal, and the like.
- the laser drivers 15a to 15c modulate and drive the lasers 16a to 16c so as to generate lasers having light amounts corresponding to the signals of the respective wavelengths from the control unit 12. By adjusting the output ratio of laser light of each color, laser light that reproduces a desired color is output.
- the scanner 22 is scanned horizontally and vertically in synchronization with the modulation driving of the lasers 16a to 16c, whereby the projection light 26 is scanned so as to draw a locus 27 on the screen 25, and a two-dimensional image is formed on the screen 25. Portrayed.
- each color light of RGB is described as an example of three visible lights having different wavelengths, but the present invention is light (monochromatic light) having only a certain wavelength, and the above wavelength condition is satisfied. It is also possible to multiplex three visible lights other than RGB color lights as long as they satisfy the requirements.
- the waveguides 101, 102, and 103 are formed in a plane parallel to the surface of the substrate 210.
- the substrate is not necessarily required.
- the arrangement of the waveguides 101, 102, and 103 is not limited to the two-dimensional arrangement as described above.
- other waveguides 102 and 103 are arranged on the circumference centered on the waveguide 101.
- a three-dimensional configuration may be used.
- the waveguides 101, 102, and 103 are integrally formed by embedding the core layer in the cladding layer 220.
- the waveguides 101 and 102 including the core layer and the cladding layer are formed.
- 103 may be formed separately and arranged on a support such as a substrate.
- SYMBOLS 10 Optical multiplexer 12 Control part 15a R laser driver 15b G laser driver 15c B laser driver 16a R-LD 16b G-LD 16c B-LD DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 21 Lens 22 Scanner 23 Scan driver 24 Relay optical system 25 Screen 101 1st waveguide 102 2nd waveguide 103 3rd waveguide 110 1st multiplexing part 120 2nd multiplexing part
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Abstract
Description
図1Aは本発明の実施形態1に係る光合波器の構成を示す概略平面図、図1Bは、図1Aに示す光合波器を左方向から見た側面図である。
図8は、上記構成の光合波器10を画像投影装置の一例である走査型ディスプレイに適用した場合の概略構成図である。
上記実施形態1では、基板210の表面と平行な面内に導波路101,102,103を形成する構成としたが、基板は必ずしも必要ではない。また、導波路101,102,103の配置も、上記のような二次元的なものに限られず、例えば導波路101を中心とする円周上に他の導波路102,103を配置するなど、三次元的な構成であってもよい。
また、上記実施形態1では、クラッド層220の内部にコア層を埋め込むことで導波路101,102,103を一体的に形成しているが、コア層とクラッド層とからなる導波路101,102,103を別々に形成し、基板等の支持体上に配置するように構成してもよい。
12 制御部
15a Rレーザドライバ
15b Gレーザドライバ
15c Bレーザドライバ
16a R-LD
16b G-LD
16c B-LD
21 レンズ
22 スキャナ
23 走査ドライバ
24 リレー光学系
25 スクリーン
101 第1導波路
102 第2導波路
103 第3導波路
110 第1合波部
120 第2合波部
Claims (9)
- 波長の異なる複数の光を合波する光合波器であって、
第1波長の光が入射される第1導波路と、
前記第1波長の光よりも短波長の第2波長の光が入射される第2導波路と、
前記第2波長の光よりも短波長の第3波長の光が入射される第3導波路と、
前記第1導波路と前記第2導波路との間で前記光が伝搬する第1合波部と、
前記第3導波路と前記第1導波路との間で前記光が伝搬する第2合波部と、を備え、
前記第2波長の光は、前記第1合波部で前記第1導波路に伝搬され、
前記第3波長の光は、前記第2合波部で前記第1導波路に伝搬されることを特徴とする光合波器。 - 請求項1に記載の光合波器であって、
前記第1合波部は、前記伝搬方向における長さが前記第2合波部の長さの略半分であることを特徴とする光合波器。 - 請求項2に記載の光合波器であって、
前記第1合波部は、前記第1波長の光のモード結合長の2倍の長さと等しいことを特徴とする光合波器。 - 請求項1から3までのいずれか一つに記載の光合波器であって、
前記第1導波路、第2導波路、及び第3導波路は、コア層からなり、前記コア層の周囲に前記コア層よりも屈折率の小さいクラッド層を有することを特徴とする光合波器。 - 請求項1から4までのいずれか一つに記載の光合波器であって、
前記波長の異なる複数の光は可視光であることを特徴とする光合波器。 - 請求項1から5までのいずれか一つに記載の光合波器であって、
前記第1波長の光は、前記第1合波部でモード結合により前記第2導波路に伝搬され、
前記第2導波路に伝搬された前記第1波長の光は、前記第1合波部で再び前記第1導波路に伝搬され、
前記第1導波路に再び伝搬された前記第1波長の光は、前記第2合波部で前記第3導波路に伝搬され、
前記第3導波路に伝搬された前記第1波長の光は、前記第2合波部で再び前記第1導波路に伝搬されることを特徴とする光合波器。 - 請求項1から6までのいずれか一つに記載の光合波器であって、
前記第2波長の光は、前記第1合波部でモード結合により前記第1導波路へ伝搬され、
前記第1導波路に伝搬された前記第2波長の光は、前記第2合波部で前記第3導波路へ伝搬された後、再び前記第1導波路に伝搬されることを特徴とする光合波器。 - 請求項1から7までのいずれか一つに記載の光合波器であって、
前記第3波長の光は、前記第2合波部でモード結合により前記第1導波路に伝搬されることを特徴とする光合波器。 - 請求項1から8までのいずれか一つに記載の光合波器を用いた画像投影装置であって、
前記第1導波路に前記第1波長の光を出射する第1光源と、
前記第2導波路に前記第2波長の光を出射する第2光源と、
前記第3導波路に前記第3波長の光を出射する第3光源と、
前記光合波器から出射された波長多重光を二次元的に走査して被投影面に画像を投影する画像形成部と、を備えたことを特徴とする画像投影装置。
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