WO2017061078A1 - 放電管 - Google Patents
放電管 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017061078A1 WO2017061078A1 PCT/JP2016/004321 JP2016004321W WO2017061078A1 WO 2017061078 A1 WO2017061078 A1 WO 2017061078A1 JP 2016004321 W JP2016004321 W JP 2016004321W WO 2017061078 A1 WO2017061078 A1 WO 2017061078A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
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- discharge
- active layer
- convex portion
- hollow body
- discharge tube
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T2/00—Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means
- H01T2/02—Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means comprising a trigger electrode or an auxiliary spark gap
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
- H01T1/20—Means for starting arc or facilitating ignition of spark gap
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
- H01T1/20—Means for starting arc or facilitating ignition of spark gap
- H01T1/22—Means for starting arc or facilitating ignition of spark gap by the shape or the composition of the electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
- H01T4/10—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a single gap or a plurality of gaps in parallel
- H01T4/12—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a single gap or a plurality of gaps in parallel hermetically sealed
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a surge absorber for protecting various devices from, for example, a surge generated by a lightning strike and the like, and a discharge tube used as a switching spark gap for lighting an ignition plug.
- the discharge tube is also used as a switching spark gap for gas arresters, high-pressure discharge lamps and ignition plugs, which are surge absorbers used to prevent breakdown of electronic equipment due to intrusion of overvoltage such as lightning surge or static electricity .
- Such a lightning surge countermeasure component and a discharge tube as a switching spark gap are required to have stable operating voltage against repeated discharge and excellent withstand voltage characteristics.
- a technique for forming a coating (discharge active layer) of a discharge activation material on the surface of the discharge electrode has been studied.
- Patent Document 1 describes a surge arrester in which a recess is provided in the central portion of the opposing surface of the discharge electrode, and a coating of an activating substance is formed in the recess.
- Patent Document 2 describes a discharge tube in which a coating is formed on the entire opposing surface of the discharge electrode, and a discharge tube in which a plurality of coatings are formed in the center of the opposing surface.
- Patent Document 3 a plurality of hemispherical or rectangular parallelepiped holes provided with a coating are arranged in the center of the front end surface of the discharge electrode and two virtual circles concentric with the inner wall surface of the cylindrical case member. Tubes are listed.
- Patent Document 1 when a plurality of coatings are arranged at the center of the tip surface, the distance between the coating and the discharge trigger film varies depending on the distance from the axis of the discharge electrode, resulting in variations in operating voltage. There is an inconvenience that it becomes unstable. Furthermore, as in Patent Document 3, when the coating is arranged in a plurality of concentric circles having different diameters, the distance between the coating and the discharge trigger film varies depending on the diameter of the concentric circles, so that the operating voltage also varies and is not satisfactory. There was a problem that became stable.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a discharge tube capable of improving the stability of an operating voltage against repeated discharge.
- a discharge tube includes a cylindrical insulating hollow body having openings at both ends, and at least a pair of the discharge control gas that is closed and sealed with a discharge control gas inside.
- a discharge trigger film made of a conductive material is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the insulating hollow body, and the sealing electrode protrudes into the insulating hollow body;
- a plurality of or extending along the outer periphery in the periphery or in the vicinity of the outer periphery, and the central portion of the tip surface of the convex portion is a region where the discharge active layer is not formed. It is characterized by.
- the discharge active layer is formed at the distal end portion of the convex portion and in the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge of the distal end surface so as to be plural or extended along the outer peripheral edge. Since the discharge active layer is close to the discharge trigger film, the central portion of the electrode is close to the discharge trigger film, and the variation in the distance from the discharge trigger film is reduced to obtain a stable operating voltage. Can do. In addition, since the central portion of the tip end surface of the convex portion is a region where the discharge active layer is not formed, it is possible to reduce the scattering of the discharge active layer due to arc discharge generated at the center portion of the tip surface, and repeatedly The change of the operating voltage with respect to the discharge can be suppressed.
- a discharge tube according to a second invention is the discharge tube according to the first invention, wherein the insulating hollow body is cylindrical, the convex portion is columnar, and the discharge active layer is the convex portion. It is characterized by being formed at a position equidistant from the axis. That is, in this discharge tube, since the discharge active layer is formed at a position equidistant from the axis of the convex portion, the distance between the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical insulating hollow body and each discharge active layer is the same. Thus, variation in distance from the discharge trigger film formed on the inner peripheral surface is further reduced.
- a discharge tube according to a third invention is characterized in that, in the first or second invention, the discharge active layer is formed on an outer peripheral surface of a tip portion of the convex portion. That is, in this discharge tube, since the discharge active layer is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tip of the convex portion, the distance from the discharge trigger film is further shortened, and variations in the distance are further reduced. In addition, the discharge active layer is not scattered by the arc discharge generated at the front end surface of the convex portion, and the change in the operating voltage due to repeated discharge can be further suppressed.
- a discharge tube according to a fourth invention is the discharge tube according to any one of the first to third inventions, wherein the discharge active layer contains Si, O as a main component and contains at least one of Na, Cs, and C. It is characterized by.
- the present invention has the following effects. That is, according to the discharge tube of the present invention, the discharge active layer is formed at the distal end portion of the convex portion and in the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge of the distal end surface. Since the central portion of the tip surface of the shaped portion is a region where the discharge active layer is not formed, variation in the distance between the discharge active layer and the discharge trigger film is reduced, and an arc generated at the center portion of the tip surface is reduced. It is possible to reduce the scattering of the discharge active layer due to the discharge, the change of the operating voltage with respect to the repeated discharge is suppressed, and a stable operating voltage can be obtained.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 a first embodiment of a discharge tube according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the drawings used in the following description there is a portion where the scale is appropriately changed as necessary in order to make each member a recognizable or easily recognizable size.
- the discharge tube 1 of the present embodiment includes a cylindrical insulating hollow body 2 having openings at both ends, and the discharge control gas is sealed inside by closing the openings.
- a pair of sealing electrodes 3 facing each other is provided.
- a discharge trigger film 4 made of a conductive material is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the insulating hollow body 2.
- the sealing electrode 3 has a projecting portion 3a protruding into the insulating hollow body 2, and a discharge activity formed of a material having higher electron emission characteristics than the material of the sealing electrode 3 at the tip of the projecting portion 3a.
- Layer 5 A plurality of the discharge active layers 5 are formed along the outer peripheral edge in the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge of the front end surface 3b at the front end of the convex portion 3a.
- the central portion of the tip surface 3b of the convex portion 3a is a region where the discharge active layer 5 is not formed.
- Each discharge active layer 5 is arranged on a concentric circle C line from the axis of the convex portion 3a. These discharge active layers 5 are preferably provided at a position having a radius of 50% or more from the axis of the convex portion 3a, and more preferably at a position having a radius of 60% or more. If the discharge active layer 5 is provided at a position less than 50% in radius from the axis of the convex portion 3a, the area of the central main discharge region may be reduced and the discharge may become unstable.
- the discharge active layer 5 is formed by filling a plurality of recesses 3c formed in the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge of the tip surface 3b of the projecting portion 3a.
- the insulating hollow body 2 is cylindrical, the convex portion 3a is columnar, and the discharge active layer 5 is formed at a position equidistant from the axis of the convex portion 3a.
- the discharge active layer 5 contains Si and O as main components and includes at least one of Na, Cs, and C.
- the discharge trigger film 4 is made of carbon or the like.
- the insulating hollow body 2 is a ceramic cylinder and is an insulating tube made of, for example, cylindrical alumina.
- the insulating hollow body 2 is preferably a crystalline ceramic material such as alumina.
- the pair of sealing electrodes 3 is a convex metal member such as copper, copper alloy, or 42Ni alloy having a convex portion 3a protruding inward, and a discharge gap is formed between the convex portions 3a facing each other. Yes. Further, these sealing electrodes 3 are joined and sealed to the insulating hollow body 2 by a sealing material 6 such as a brazing material.
- the discharge control gas is He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, SF 6 , N 2 , CO 2 , C 3 F 8 , C 2 F 6 , CF 4 , H 2 or a mixed gas thereof.
- the method for producing the discharge active layer 5 includes a step of adding a cesium carbonate powder to a sodium silicate solution to form a precursor, a step of applying the precursor to the surface of the sealing electrode 3 (in the recess 3c), And a step of performing heat treatment at a temperature higher than a temperature at which sodium silicate softens and a temperature at which cesium carbonate melts and decomposes.
- this manufacturing method includes a step of brazing the sealing electrode 3 to the opening of the insulating hollow body 2, and the brazing temperature in the brazing step as the heat treatment is equal to or higher than a temperature at which sodium silicate is softened.
- the temperature is higher than the melting point of cesium carbonate.
- a precursor is prepared by adding cesium carbonate powder at a predetermined ratio to a sodium silicate solution so as to have a predetermined composition. That is, a viscous precursor for forming a discharge active layer is prepared by mixing a sodium silicate glass solution and cesium carbonate powder.
- the surface of the sealing electrode 3 (inside the recess 3c) is coated with the prepared precursor.
- various liquid substances such as a stamp method, a printing method using a metal mask and a squeegee, a dipping method, a paste printing method, an ink jet method, a dispenser method, a spin coating method, and the like are desired. A method of coating in place can be used.
- the sealing electrode 3 in which a part of the tip surface 3b is covered with the precursor and the insulating hollow body 2 are brazed in a discharge control gas atmosphere. Thereby, it becomes the structure where the discharge control gas was sealed inside the insulating hollow body 2.
- the brazing temperature is, for example, 820 ° C. In this brazing process, the brazing material and cesium carbonate are melted, and the discharge active layer 5 is formed at a predetermined position on the tip surface 3 b of the sealing electrode 3.
- a plurality of discharge active layers 5 are formed along the outer peripheral edge at the distal end portion of the convex portion 3a and in the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge of the distal end surface 3b. Since the central portion of the tip surface 3b of 3a is a region where the discharge active layer 5 is not formed, the discharge active layer 5 is close to the discharge trigger film 4 and the distance from the discharge trigger film 4 varies. A smaller operating voltage can be obtained.
- the central portion of the tip surface 3b of the convex portion 3a is a region where the discharge active layer 5 is not formed, the discharge active layer 5 is scattered by arc discharge generated in the center portion of the tip surface 3b. And a change in operating voltage due to repeated discharge can be suppressed. That is, the state change inside the discharge space can be reduced, and the occurrence of a sudden change in the operating voltage can be reduced.
- the discharge active layer 5 is formed at a position equidistant from the axis of the convex portion 3a, the distance between the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical insulating hollow body 2 and each discharge active layer 5 is the same. Thus, the variation in distance from the discharge trigger film 4 formed on the inner peripheral surface is further reduced, and the stability of the discharge characteristic is higher in the present embodiment.
- each discharge active layer 5 is formed on the tip surface 3b of the convex portion 3a, whereas the discharge tube of the second embodiment. 21, the discharge active layer 25 of the sealing electrode 23 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tip portion of the convex portion 23 a as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5. That is, in the second embodiment, a plurality of discharge active layers 25 are arranged at equal intervals along the outer peripheral edge in the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge of the tip surface 23b of the convex portion 23a and on the outer peripheral surface of the convex portion 23a. Is provided.
- each discharge active layer 5 is formed in a rectangular shape.
- each discharge active layer 25 is formed in a round dot shape.
- the discharge active layer 25 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tip portion of the convex portion 23a, and therefore the distance from the discharge trigger film 4 is further shortened. Variation is further reduced. Moreover, the discharge active layer 25 is not scattered by the arc discharge generated at the front end surface 23b of the convex portion 23a, and the change in the operating voltage due to repeated discharge can be further suppressed.
- the discharge tube described in the first embodiment was used as Example 1, and the discharge tube described in the second embodiment was manufactured as Example 2.
- an insulating hollow body and a sealing electrode having the same dimensions are used, and the discharge control gas, pressure, and gas sealing process filled in the gas arrester are also constant. did.
- the discharge start voltage of each sample was made constant at 350 V, and factors other than the formation position of the discharge active layer were made constant.
- This electrical characteristic evaluation is an evaluation of surge withstand characteristics, and is performed to compare the performance that is important when used as a lightning surge countermeasure component.
- the surge of 8500 ⁇ s lightning surge waveform has a peak value of 7500A. After the current was repeatedly applied to each sample, it was examined whether or not the initial discharge start voltage characteristics of each sample were maintained.
- surge withstand characteristics were similarly evaluated for a gas arrester (discharge tube) in which a discharge active layer was formed only in the center of the convex portion.
- the discharge active layer is formed in a plurality of rectangular shapes or round dot shapes, but the discharge active layer may be formed to extend in a linear shape or a strip shape in the predetermined region.
- the recesses 3c filled with the discharge active layer 5 may be arranged in a radial pattern at a radius of 50% or more from the axis of the projections 3a.
- a circle C1 is shown by a two-dot chain line at a radius of 50% from the axis of the convex portion 3a.
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- Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
- Gas-Filled Discharge Tubes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
すなわち、上記従来技術では、放電を補助する放電活性化材料の被膜を放電電極の先端面中央部に形成しているが、この場合、絶縁性中空体の内面に形成された放電トリガ膜と被膜との距離が大きくなって動作電圧が不安定になってしまう不都合があった。特に、放電初期のグロー放電から移行したアーク放電は、放電電極の中央部で発生することが多く、放電電極の中央部の放電活性層がアーク放電によって飛散し、周囲に付着することで繰り返し放電に対する動作電圧が変化してしまう問題があった。
また、特許文献1のように、被膜を先端面中央部に複数配置した場合、放電電極の軸線からの距離に応じて被膜と放電トリガ膜との距離が異なるため、動作電圧にばらつきが生じて不安定になってしまうという不都合がある。
さらに、特許文献3のように、被膜を径の異なる複数の同心円状に配置した場合、同心円の径に応じて被膜と放電トリガ膜との距離が異なるため、やはり動作電圧にばらつきが生じて不安定になってしまう問題があった。
すなわち、この放電管では、放電活性層が、凸状部の軸線から等距離の位置に形成されているので、円筒状の絶縁性中空体の内周面と各放電活性層との距離が同じになり、前記内周面に形成された放電トリガ膜からの距離のばらつきがより低減される。
すなわち、この放電管では、放電活性層が凸状部の先端部の外周面に形成されているので、さらに放電トリガ膜との距離が短くなり、該距離のばらつきもさらに低減される。また、凸状部の先端面で生じたアーク放電によって放電活性層が飛散することがなく、繰り返し放電に対する動作電圧の変化をさらに抑制することができる。
すなわち、本発明に係る放電管によれば、放電活性層が、凸状部の先端部であって先端面の外周縁の近傍に、外周縁に沿って複数又は延在して形成され、凸状部の先端面の中央部が、放電活性層が形成されていない領域とされているので、放電活性層と放電トリガ膜との距離のばらつきが小さくなると共に、先端面中央部で生じたアーク放電によって放電活性層が飛散することを低減でき、繰り返し放電に対する動作電圧の変化が抑制され、安定した動作電圧を得ることができる。
上記絶縁性中空体2の内周面には、導電性材料で形成された放電トリガ膜4が設けられている。
上記放電活性層5は、凸状部3aの先端部であって先端面3bの外周縁の近傍に、外周縁に沿って複数形成されている。また、凸状部3aの先端面3bの中央部は、放電活性層5が形成されていない領域とされている。
上記絶縁性中空体2は、円筒状であると共に、凸状部3aは、円柱状であり、放電活性層5は、凸状部3aの軸線から等距離の位置に形成されている。
放電活性層5は、Si,Oを主成分とし、Na,Cs,Cのうちの少なくとも一つを含んでいる。
上記絶縁性中空体2は、セラミックス製筒体であって、例えば円筒状のアルミナ等で形成された絶縁性管である。なお、絶縁性中空体2は、アルミナなどの結晶性セラミックス材が好ましい。
また、これらの封止電極3は、ロウ材等の封止材6により絶縁性中空体2に接合され封着されている。
上記放電制御ガスは、He、Ne、Ar、Kr、Xe、SF6、N2、CO2、C3F8、C2F6、CF4、H2及びこれらの混合ガスである。
なお、第1実施形態では、各放電活性層5を矩形状に形成したが、第2実施形態では、各放電活性層25を丸点状に形成している。
なお、電気特性の評価に供したサンプルの作製においては、同一寸法の絶縁性中空体と封止電極とを用い、またガスアレスタ内部に充填する放電制御ガス、圧力及びガス封止プロセスも一定とした。さらに、各サンプルの放電開始電圧を350Vで一定とし、放電活性層の形成位置以外の因子を一定とした。
なお、比較例として、凸状部の中央部のみに放電活性層を形成したガスアレスタ(放電管)についても、同様にサージ耐量特性を評価した。
例えば、上記各実施形態では、放電活性層を複数の矩形状又は丸点状に形成しているが、放電活性層を上記所定領域に線状又は帯状に延在させて形成しても構わない。
また、他の実施形態として、例えば図9に示すように、放電活性層5を埋めた凹部3cを、凸状部3aの軸線から半径50%以上の位置に放射状に並べて配列しても構わない。なお、図9には、凸状部3aの軸線から半径50%の位置に二点鎖線で円C1を図示している。
Claims (4)
- 少なくとも両端に開口部を有する筒状の絶縁性中空体と、
前記開口部を閉塞して内部に放電制御ガスを封止し互いに対向する少なくとも一対の封止電極とを備え、
前記絶縁性中空体の内周面に、導電性材料で形成された放電トリガ膜が設けられ、
前記封止電極が、前記絶縁性中空体内に突出した凸状部と、前記凸状部の先端部に前記封止電極の材料よりも電子放出特性の高い材料で形成された放電活性層とを有し、
前記放電活性層が、前記凸状部の先端部であって先端面の外周縁の近傍に、前記外周縁に沿って複数又は延在して形成され、
前記凸状部の先端面の中央部が、前記放電活性層が形成されていない領域とされていることを特徴とする放電管。 - 請求項1に記載の放電管において、
前記絶縁性中空体が、円筒状であると共に、前記凸状部が、円柱状であり、
前記放電活性層が、前記凸状部の軸線から等距離の位置に形成されていることを特徴とする放電管。 - 請求項1に記載の放電管において、
前記放電活性層が、前記凸状部の先端部の外周面に形成されていることを特徴とする放電管。 - 請求項1に記載の放電管において、
前記放電活性層が、Si,Oを主成分とし、Na,Cs,Cのうちの少なくとも一つを含むことを特徴とする放電管。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP16853237.2A EP3361585A4 (en) | 2015-10-09 | 2016-09-23 | DISCHARGE TUBE |
KR1020187009909A KR20180066081A (ko) | 2015-10-09 | 2016-09-23 | 방전관 |
CN201680051860.5A CN107949960B (zh) | 2015-10-09 | 2016-09-23 | 放电管 |
US15/765,812 US10439366B2 (en) | 2015-10-09 | 2016-09-23 | Discharge tube having discharge active layer(s) |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2015-200661 | 2015-10-09 | ||
JP2015200661A JP6657746B2 (ja) | 2015-10-09 | 2015-10-09 | 放電管 |
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WO2017061078A1 true WO2017061078A1 (ja) | 2017-04-13 |
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PCT/JP2016/004321 WO2017061078A1 (ja) | 2015-10-09 | 2016-09-23 | 放電管 |
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US (1) | US10439366B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3361585A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6657746B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20180066081A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN107949960B (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI708452B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2017061078A1 (ja) |
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JP3140979U (ja) | 2008-02-05 | 2008-04-17 | 岡谷電機産業株式会社 | 放電管 |
DE102011014582A1 (de) | 2011-03-21 | 2012-09-27 | Epcos Ag | Überspannungsableiter mit niedriger Ansprechspannung und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
TWI435371B (zh) * | 2011-12-06 | 2014-04-21 | Wave Shielding Co | 複合氣體放電管 |
JP6160835B2 (ja) | 2014-03-31 | 2017-07-12 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 放電管及びその製造方法 |
-
2015
- 2015-10-09 JP JP2015200661A patent/JP6657746B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2016
- 2016-09-23 US US15/765,812 patent/US10439366B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2016-09-23 WO PCT/JP2016/004321 patent/WO2017061078A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2016-09-23 EP EP16853237.2A patent/EP3361585A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2016-09-23 KR KR1020187009909A patent/KR20180066081A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2016-09-23 CN CN201680051860.5A patent/CN107949960B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2016-10-03 TW TW105131921A patent/TWI708452B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
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JPS6038491U (ja) * | 1983-08-24 | 1985-03-16 | 株式会社サンコ−シャ | 避雷器 |
JPS61281489A (ja) * | 1985-06-06 | 1986-12-11 | 株式会社サンコ−シャ | 避雷器 |
JP2000012186A (ja) * | 1998-06-18 | 2000-01-14 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | サージアブソーバ |
JP2012155882A (ja) * | 2011-01-24 | 2012-08-16 | Okaya Electric Ind Co Ltd | 放電型サージ吸収素子 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See also references of EP3361585A4 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US10439366B2 (en) | 2019-10-08 |
US20180301876A1 (en) | 2018-10-18 |
EP3361585A1 (en) | 2018-08-15 |
CN107949960A (zh) | 2018-04-20 |
JP6657746B2 (ja) | 2020-03-04 |
CN107949960B (zh) | 2019-12-06 |
KR20180066081A (ko) | 2018-06-18 |
JP2017073332A (ja) | 2017-04-13 |
EP3361585A4 (en) | 2019-05-15 |
TWI708452B (zh) | 2020-10-21 |
TW201724675A (zh) | 2017-07-01 |
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