WO2017056171A1 - 荷電粒子線装置 - Google Patents
荷電粒子線装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017056171A1 WO2017056171A1 PCT/JP2015/077412 JP2015077412W WO2017056171A1 WO 2017056171 A1 WO2017056171 A1 WO 2017056171A1 JP 2015077412 W JP2015077412 W JP 2015077412W WO 2017056171 A1 WO2017056171 A1 WO 2017056171A1
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- scanning
- frame
- charged particle
- particle beam
- line
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/02—Details
- H01J37/04—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the discharge, e.g. electron-optical arrangement, ion-optical arrangement
- H01J37/147—Arrangements for directing or deflecting the discharge along a desired path
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/0004—Microscopes specially adapted for specific applications
- G02B21/002—Scanning microscopes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/02—Details
- H01J37/04—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the discharge, e.g. electron-optical arrangement, ion-optical arrangement
- H01J37/147—Arrangements for directing or deflecting the discharge along a desired path
- H01J37/1472—Deflecting along given lines
- H01J37/1474—Scanning means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/26—Electron or ion microscopes; Electron or ion diffraction tubes
- H01J37/261—Details
- H01J37/263—Contrast, resolution or power of penetration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/26—Electron or ion microscopes; Electron or ion diffraction tubes
- H01J37/261—Details
- H01J37/265—Controlling the tube; circuit arrangements adapted to a particular application not otherwise provided, e.g. bright-field-dark-field illumination
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/26—Electron or ion microscopes; Electron or ion diffraction tubes
- H01J37/28—Electron or ion microscopes; Electron or ion diffraction tubes with scanning beams
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2237/00—Discharge tubes exposing object to beam, e.g. for analysis treatment, etching, imaging
- H01J2237/22—Treatment of data
- H01J2237/226—Image reconstruction
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a charged particle beam apparatus, and more particularly to a charged particle beam apparatus capable of appropriately setting a beam scanning method.
- SEM Scanning Electron Microscope
- the distribution of the charged potential in a patchy shape causes variations in image contrast within the observation field (FOV: Field Of View), and even if the left and right edges or the patterns of the top and bottom edges are symmetrical,
- the upper and lower profiles may be asymmetric.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a scanning method that reverses the moving direction of a beam on a scanning line in units of a plurality of frames and reverses the scanning order for the plurality of scanning lines.
- Patent Document 2 describes an electron beam reciprocating scanning method. The reciprocating scanning is a scanning method in which scanning in the X-ray direction is reversed in units of scanning lines.
- Patent No. 5147327 (corresponding US Pat. No. 7,851,756) JP 2014-143075 A
- Blanking is a technique for blocking the beam irradiation on the sample by deflecting the electron beam to a diaphragm plate or the like, and is for suppressing the occurrence of charging due to the beam irradiation.
- the influence of charging resulting from beam irradiation is becoming more prominent with the recent miniaturization of semiconductor devices.
- Blanking is an excellent method for eliminating the effects of beam irradiation between scan lines or frames, but charging is also caused by beam irradiation from the scan end point of the scan line or frame to the stop. It has become clear that the charging affects the measurement accuracy with an electron microscope. Neither Patent Literature 1 nor 2 discusses the suppression of beam irradiation during blanking.
- a scanning deflector that scans a charged particle beam emitted from a charged particle source and a detector that detects charged particles obtained based on the scanning of the charged particle beam
- a charged particle beam apparatus comprising a control device for controlling the scanning deflector, wherein the control device scans the first scan line by deflecting the charged particle beam in a first direction.
- the charged particle beam is deflected so as to draw a scanning trajectory connecting the end point of the first scanning line and the scanning start point of the second scanning line arranged in parallel to the first scanning line.
- the second scanning line is changed by changing the scanning line position and scanning the charged particle beam in the second direction opposite to the first direction from the scanning start point of the second scanning line.
- Scan the line and the second scan line After the inspection, scanning within the first frame is performed by repeatedly changing the scanning line position and scanning the charged particle beam in the opposite direction, and after scanning the first frame, A scan trajectory is drawn so as to connect the scan start point of the second frame with the scan end point included in the frame as the scan start point, or connect the scan start point of the second frame at a position different from the scan end point. Then, a charged particle beam apparatus for controlling the scanning deflector so as to start scanning of the second frame after changing the scanning position is proposed.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an example in which an image is formed by correcting a shift between two images divided for each scanning direction.
- the embodiment described below relates to a beam irradiation method that enables scanning of a plurality of frames without performing blanking, and relates to a beam irradiation method that mainly suppresses charging caused by beam irradiation outside the field of view.
- Blanking is performed between the scanning lines and between the scanning of one frame and the scanning of the next frame in order to prevent the beam from being irradiated in the field of view.
- Charge due to electron beam irradiation adheres to the (electron beam deflection direction), and asymmetrical charging spots occur with respect to the center of the visual field.
- the non-uniformity of charging caused by beam scanning in the field of view can be alleviated to some extent, but that alone is not sufficient to suppress the effect of charging on the image after frame integration. It is. Due to charging, drift, image blur, contrast spots, and pattern edge luminance non-uniformity occur at the time of imaging, which may make pattern detection difficult and cause deterioration in measurement accuracy.
- a charged particle beam apparatus that suppresses charged spots and the like by optimizing the beam scanning pattern.
- a scanning deflector that scans a charged particle beam emitted from a charged particle source, a detector that detects charged particles obtained based on the scanning of the charged particle beam, and the above-described charging
- a charged particle beam apparatus is proposed in which all scanning including frame integration is continuously performed, and the scanning direction is rotated 90 ° and 180 ° for each frame.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of a scanning electron microscope (SEM) which is one type of charged particle beam apparatus.
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- An electron beam 103 extracted from the electron source 101 by the extraction electrode 102 and accelerated by an accelerating electrode (not shown) is focused by a condenser lens 104 which is a form of a focusing lens, and then is scanned on a sample 109 by a scanning deflector 105.
- the electron beam 103 is decelerated by a negative voltage applied to an electrode built in the sample stage 108, and is focused by the lens action of the objective lens 106 and irradiated onto the sample 109.
- secondary electrons and electrons 110 such as backscattered electrons are emitted from the irradiated portion.
- the emitted electrons 110 are accelerated in the direction of the electron source by an acceleration action based on a negative voltage applied to the sample, and collide with the conversion electrode 112 to generate secondary electrons 111.
- the secondary electrons 111 emitted from the conversion electrode 112 are captured by the detector 113, and the output of the detector 113 changes depending on the amount of captured secondary electrons.
- the brightness of a display device (not shown) changes. For example, in the case of forming a two-dimensional image, an image of the scanning region is formed by synchronizing the deflection signal to the scanning deflector 105 and the output of the detector 113.
- the scanning electron microscope illustrated in FIG. 1 includes a deflector (not shown) that moves the scanning region of the electron beam.
- This deflector is used to form an image of a pattern having the same shape existing at different positions.
- This deflector is also called an image shift deflector, and enables movement of the field of view of the electron microscope without moving the sample by the sample stage.
- the image shift deflector and the scan deflector may be a common deflector, and the image shift signal and the scan signal may be superimposed and supplied to the deflector.
- FIG. 1 An example in which electrons emitted from a sample are converted by a conversion electrode and detected is explained.
- the present invention is not limited to such a configuration. It is possible to adopt a configuration in which the detection surface of the electron multiplier tube or the detector is arranged on the orbit.
- a blanking deflector (not shown) is installed in the SEM 100.
- the blanking deflector is a mechanism that blocks the beam irradiation to the sample by deflecting the beam out of the beam optical axis.
- an electrostatic deflector is used as the scanning deflector 105.
- an electromagnetic deflector may be used.
- the control device 120 controls each component of the scanning electron microscope, and forms a pattern on the sample based on the function of forming an image based on detected electrons and the intensity distribution of detected electrons called a line profile. It has a function to measure the pattern width.
- the control device 120 includes a SEM control device that mainly controls the optical conditions of the SEM and a signal processing device that performs signal processing of the detection signal obtained by the detector 113.
- the SEM control device includes a scan control device for controlling beam scanning conditions (direction, speed, etc.).
- the image processing unit includes an image memory.
- the image memory is, for example, a 1024 ⁇ 1024 pixel, and can store 256 levels of gradation in the depth direction.
- signal writing to each address is performed.
- the beam irradiation position and the writing coordinates are matched.
- a signal read corresponding to the address is converted from analog to digital by an AD converter and becomes a luminance modulation input of the image display device.
- an integration process for integrating image data obtained based on a plurality of scans is performed. The integration process is performed, for example, by averaging the signals obtained from a plurality of frames for each pixel.
- the control device 120 executes signal supply to the deflector for beam scanning and image generation processing as described below.
- the n-th line scan and the (n + 1) -th line scan are performed in opposite directions, and the reciprocating scan (reciprocating scan without blanking) is repeated in the X direction.
- the reciprocating scan reciprocating scan without blanking
- the beam is temporarily interrupted.
- blanking is canceled (Off) at the start of scanning of the (n + 1) th line, and the beam is returned to the sample again.
- unnecessary beam irradiation is performed outside the FOV. become.
- Beam irradiation unnecessary for signal detection is performed on the sample from the scanning end point of the nth line until it reaches the aperture (a member that blocks the arrival of the beam to the sample) and until it reaches the scanning start point of the (n + 1) th line from the aperture. Will do.
- unnecessary beam irradiation not only accumulates charge on the sample, but also causes asymmetric charge to adhere to the center of the FOV.
- the sample is continuously irradiated between the end point of the nth line and the start point of the (n + 1) th line without interrupting the beam irradiation.
- the irradiation position of the electron beam is moved.
- the beam irradiation position is moved to different scanning lines without blanking.
- scanning is started from the start point 201 and beam scanning is performed to the end point 202.
- the beam irradiation position is moved from the scanning end point of one scanning line to the scanning start point of the next scanning line while avoiding unnecessary beam irradiation (without blanking). Scanning is performed such that the scanning line is folded.
- the beam irradiation position of the beam is moved from the end point of one scanning line extending in the X direction to another scanning line similarly extending in the X direction, the beam irradiation position in the Y direction is equivalent to one scanning line, The scanning is performed for one frame by repeating the scanning with the beam irradiation position after the movement as the scanning start point of the next scanning line.
- the next frame is scanned without blanking between frames (with irradiation in the frame maintained) by setting the point 202, which is the scanning end point of the first frame, as a starting point.
- the above-described scanning is repeated after the third frame, and the beam irradiation is completed by blankingless continuous scanning.
- the scanning direction is rotated by 180 ° for each frame, charging by beam irradiation becomes uniform as an average effect.
- the scanning directions in the k-th frame and the (k + 1) -th frame are opposite to each other. Therefore, as an average effect, the line profiles of all the edges perpendicular to the scanning direction are (in the X direction). ) Be symmetrical.
- a return scan is performed so as to connect the end point of one scan line and the start point of the next scan line, and the scan is performed so that the scan start point and the scan end point between frames coincide with each other.
- a scanning method in which the array direction (sub-scanning direction) of the scanning lines is changed in four directions in four frames will be exemplified.
- the third frame is rotated by 90 ° in the Y direction without blanking as illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 13.
- the reciprocating scanning is repeated until the end point 303 of 3 frames is scanned.
- the dotted arrows in FIG. 13 indicate the sub-scanning direction of each frame.
- the scanning end point 303 of the third frame is set as the scanning start point of the fourth frame, the scanning direction is further rotated by 180 °, and the reciprocating scanning is repeated to return to the starting point 301 of the first frame.
- the scanning line direction of each pixel is changed in four directions in four frames (see, for example, the pixel 1301), and thus charging depending on the scanning line direction in each pixel is performed.
- the bias can be canceled in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a scanning method in which the sub-scanning direction is sequentially rotated by 90 ° (downward, rightward, upward, leftward). Since there is a difference in the charging relaxation time depending on the material constituting the sample and the optical conditions of the electron microscope, it is desirable to select an appropriate scanning pattern.
- FIGS. 13 and 14 are scanning patterns in which the scanning start point and the scanning end point between frames can be made coincident while performing return scanning, so that it is possible to achieve uniform image generation conditions within the frame. It becomes possible.
- the sub-scanning direction can be sequentially rotated by 90 ° without blanking or extra scanning.
- the beam position after one frame scanning is determined by the scanning start position and the number of pixels in the scanning area. For example, when the number of pixels in the scanning X direction and the vertical Y direction is an even number, the positional relationship between the start point and the end point after one frame scan is as shown in FIG. As described above, it is conceivable that the appropriate scanning pattern changes depending on the material of the sample and the optical conditions of the electron microscope. Therefore, in this embodiment, in order to increase the variation of the scanning pattern while performing blanking-less scanning, as shown in FIG. 4, one line of blanking-less reciprocating scanning is performed outside the observation area (FOV). .
- FOV observation area
- beam scanning for moving the beam irradiation position to the scanning start point of the next frame is performed in the out-of-frame region without performing blanking.
- FIG. 4 by changing the scanning end point from 402 to 402 ′, the scanning start point of the next frame is changed from the lower left corner of the frame to the lower right corner.
- FIG. 13 the second frame sub-scanning direction is upward
- FIG. 14 the second frame sub-scanning direction is rightward
- the beam is not largely deflected outside the field of view, but is scanned along the scanning region, so that the influence of charging can be ignored even when scanning the beam outside the FOV.
- the scanning direction is rotated by 90 °, the Y-direction reciprocating scanning is repeated, and scanning is performed up to a point 403 ′ by 1 pixel in the X direction.
- the third and subsequent frames are scanned up to 8 frames while rotating the scanning direction by 90 °, and return to the start point (point 401) of the first frame.
- scanning from 1 to 8 frames is repeated, and blankingless continuous scanning is performed.
- the scanning direction is rotated by 90 ° for each frame, as an average effect, the charging potential is hardly inclined in the X and Y directions, and the charging becomes uniform.
- the scanning direction becomes four directions in the left, right, up, and down directions depending on the frame.
- all the edges of the two-dimensional pattern have a uniform contrast.
- the most suitable scanning method is selected and applied from the second and third embodiments.
- a scanning pattern in which the scanning trajectory outside the FOV of the scanning pattern of FIG. 4 is set to a point 405 ′.
- the scanning direction can be changed from the starting point of the fifth frame by performing another line reciprocating scanning outside the FOV.
- the scan start point can be positioned at the upper right corner of the frame, and the scan start point can be set based on the position.
- the surrounding area of the normal FOV may be used as a preliminary scanning area for waiting for stabilization of the scanning signal, and the scanning within the FOV may be performed again by adjusting the scanning direction in the preliminary scanning process.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a modification of the scanning pattern illustrated in FIG.
- the scanning start point 1102 of the first frame in the field of view 1101 is set as the starting point, and the return scanning is repeated, and the scanning end point of the first frame is set to 1103 by adding one scanning line 1104 outside the field of view 1101.
- a scanning pattern is illustrated. According to this scanning pattern, not only can the scanning direction of each pixel be set twice, up, down, left, and right in 8 frames, but also scanning outside the field of view can be performed twice, up, down, left, and right. Can be realized.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram exemplifying a scanning pattern that enables four-direction scanning of each pixel in four frames and out-of-field scanning in four directions, up, down, left, and right.
- the scanning method that scans in the field of view or inside and outside the field of view exemplified so far, it is possible to achieve uniform charge without blanking by setting a scan pattern with a frame number that is a multiple of four. It becomes possible.
- a one-to-one relationship is established between the coordinate data for one-frame scanning and the image memory coordinates.
- the memory for writing the image of one frame is also divided into 262144.
- one memory coordinate is assigned to one scanning coordinate, and the coordinate update of the scanning signal and the writing to the image memory are performed in synchronization.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the beam scanning position and the corresponding position of the image memory in which the detection signal obtained by the beam scanning is written.
- the detection signal obtained at that coordinate is also written to the corresponding image memory coordinate p4 at the same timing.
- the beam irradiation position at time t is the pixel p3 (pattern C) due to the delay of the scanning signal.
- the information (pattern B) of the scan pixel p2 that reaches the image memory p4 at time t due to the transmission delay of the secondary electron signal. Due to the cause of the shift as described above, the field of view is shifted in the scanning direction to form an image. Since this shift is in the same direction as the scanning direction, for example, in the case of reciprocal scanning in the X direction, the fields of view of adjacent X lines are shifted in opposite directions.
- the same pixel information is imaged in four directions, resulting in image blur after integration.
- the amount of blur depends on the scanning speed (scanning time of one pixel), and the following relational expression is established.
- the image capture timing (hereinafter referred to as Tm) is adjusted so that the scanning coordinates on the sample correspond to the information written to the image memory.
- Td By delaying the writing timing to the memory by Td, in the case of the example in FIG. 5, the information of the pattern D is written in p4 of the image memory, and the visual field shift can be corrected.
- the delay time of the expression (1) depends on the magnification and other observation conditions, it is necessary to change the image capture delay for each observation condition. Therefore, when adjusting the apparatus in advance, the relationship between the observation conditions and the optimum image capture delay is obtained, and a Tm table for each condition is created.
- the Tm table is stored in a predetermined storage medium, and during scanning, the control device 120 selects and applies an appropriate Tm according to the set observation conditions.
- Equation (1) can be modified as follows.
- Example 5 a method for adjusting the scanning start time of each line was described.
- the scanning coordinates are shifted.
- the scan coordinates of the return path are set to ( ⁇ X, - ⁇ Y) Shift.
- the method of adjusting the image capturing timing and the timing of the scanning signal to reduce the image blur caused by the visual field deviation for each scanning direction has been described.
- a visual field position adjustment by image processing will be described as a method different from these.
- FIG. 7 in each frame, the odd-numbered line and the even-numbered line are scanned in the opposite directions.
- FIG. 7 consider a 512 ⁇ 512 pixel image. This image is divided into an image with only odd lines (A) and an image with only even lines (B), and two 512 (X direction) ⁇ 256 (Y direction) pixel images are generated.
- the field-of-view shift between the two images is measured, and the image B is moved with reference to the image A, or the image A is moved with reference to the image B, and correction by image processing is performed so that the shift between the two images is eliminated.
- An image of 512 ⁇ 512 pixels is constructed by such processing. This procedure is performed in each frame.
- the detection signal obtained based on the beam scanning to the odd lines of frame 1 and the even lines of frame 2 is stored in the first image memory, and image A (right scanning image, see FIG. 15). Is generated.
- the detection signal obtained based on the beam scanning to the even-numbered line of frame 1 and the odd-numbered line of frame 1 is stored in the second image memory, and an image B (left scanned image) is generated. Since the images stored in the first image memory and the second image memory are obtained by the beam having the same scanning direction, it is possible to generate an image having no shift or distortion inside the frame.
- the visual field deviation between the images is measured, and the images are integrated by moving the images A, B, or both so as to correct the deviation.
- the images are integrated by moving the images A, B, or both so as to correct the deviation.
- it is possible to generate an integrated image without deviation.
- pattern matching is performed between images in each direction, and the sum is corrected and corrected to generate a composite image.
- frame integration is performed in the states A and B of FIG. After the frame integration is completed, the integrated visual field deviation of A and B can be measured, and the respective positions can be appropriately shifted to construct the final image.
- the process of generating an image in units of scanning directions and then combining the images can be performed even when the scanning directions are four directions.
- an image obtained by beam scanning in a certain direction is set as a reference image, and the reference image and three images obtained by beam scanning in the other three directions are aligned by pattern matching or the like. It is also possible to generate an integrated image on the basis thereof.
- the position of the corresponding part between the plurality of images is obtained, and the average position (for example, corresponding points (m 1 of four images) , N 1 ), (m 2 , n 2 ), (m 3 , n 3 ), (m 4 , n 4 ), the position in the X direction and the position corresponding to the respective addition average values in the Y direction, It is possible to generate an integrated image without distortion by moving the signal of each corresponding point to the center of gravity of the two-dimensional shape formed by each position and the like, and integrating the signals on the corresponding points.
- lines in the same direction are collected to generate four types of images (images obtained by scanning frames A, B, C, and D in FIG. 9).
- the visual field shift of another image is measured based on the image A, and the visual field position is moved so that each shift is eliminated, and then the images A, B, C, and D are added. Combine and build the final image.
- the generation of images A, B, C, and D and the correction of visual field deviation are performed every four frames.
- the images A, B, C, and D are integrated, and finally the visual field shift measurement and correction are performed. The latter is faster than the former.
- An adjustment method that combines the adjustment methods of the fifth and sixth embodiments and the image processing of the seventh to ninth embodiments can also be applied.
- Examples 6, 7, and 8 the amount of visual field deviation was obtained by pattern matching and the image was reconstructed.
- a technique using the sharpness of the pattern edge as an index different from pattern matching will be described.
- images (A, B, C, D) in each scanning direction are respectively ( ⁇ Xi, ⁇ Yi) in the X direction and the Y direction (where the subscript i means the scanning direction). ) Are shifted and added together to construct an image, and the sharpness (hereinafter referred to as S) of the pattern edge is evaluated and recorded with the image.
- FIG. 10 shows a graph of the S variation while changing ( ⁇ Xi, ⁇ Yi) in the vicinity of the initial value. The smaller the image is, the smaller S is. When there is the least amount of blur, S is the maximum value. Therefore, ( ⁇ Xio, ⁇ Yio) at which S is maximized is obtained, and the images in the respective directions are added in a state where they are moved by ( ⁇ Xio, ⁇ Yio), and a final image for measurement is constructed.
- An accumulated image with high sharpness is considered to be an image accumulated after proper alignment, and even if the above-described method is adopted, the deviation between frames is also reduced. It is possible to construct a non-integrated image.
- deviations ( ⁇ Xio, ⁇ Yio) between images having different scanning directions described in the tenth embodiment are obtained in advance, and the scan signal and the coordinates taken in the memory are adjusted so as to compensate for the deviations.
- ( ⁇ Xio, ⁇ Yio) is obtained using the same sample as the measurement target sample and fed back to the control system. More specifically, when an image is taken into the memory during scanning for imaging, integration is performed while shifting the field of view by ( ⁇ Xio, ⁇ Yio) obtained in advance. Alternatively, the scanning signal is delayed by a time corresponding to ( ⁇ Xio, ⁇ Yio) (see FIG. 6).
- the optimum deviation value ( ⁇ Xio, ⁇ Yio) for each direction may be measured at the time of adjustment of the apparatus so that the sharpness S is maximized, and a table may be created. At the time of observation, by applying the optimum value from the table according to the conditions, measurement before imaging is not required, and throughput can be improved.
- a dummy frame for measuring the shift amount.
- a dummy frame is not used. For example, after scanning 4 frames, a dummy scan is performed, and the deviation for each field of view is measured using the image. Is fed back to the control system. After 8 frames, a dummy scan for displacement measurement is performed again.
- the frequency of performing dummy scanning may be optimized according to the pattern. For example, by performing dummy scanning with at least two (or four) frames, it is possible to return the scanning start point to the initial position while suppressing asymmetry of charging.
- the sharpness (S) of the pattern edge is continuously monitored simultaneously with the scanning of each frame.
- the sharpness exceeds a preset threshold value
- the optimum value of the deviation amount is obtained by dummy scanning in the thirteenth embodiment, and the correction is dynamically performed by feeding back to the control system.
Abstract
Description
但し、Tdは走査信号と2次電子信号の合計遅延である。式(1)から分かるように、走査速度が高い(1ピクセルの走査時間が短い)ほど、ボケが大きくなる。帯電対策に高速走査が有効であるため、実施例1~3を高速で実施する走査が有効である。
従って、Ts=Tdとすることで、図6に例示するように像ボケを防ぐことが出来る。観察条件と走査方向によってTdが異なる場合には、予め倍率等の観察条件と走査条件の組み合わせ毎にTsのテーブルを作成しておき、走査時に、制御装置120は設定された観察条件に応じて、適切なTsを選択し適用する。
102 引出電極
103 電子ビーム
104 コンデンサレンズ
105 走査偏向器
106 対物レンズ
107 試料室
108 試料台
109 試料
110 電子
111 二次電子
112 変換電極
113 検出器
120 制御装置
Claims (15)
- 荷電粒子源から放出された荷電粒子ビームを走査する走査偏向器と、前記荷電粒子ビームの走査に基づいて得られる荷電粒子を検出する検出器と、前記走査偏向器を制御する制御装置を備えた荷電粒子線装置において、
前記制御装置は、前記荷電粒子ビームを第1の方向に偏向することで、第1の走査線の走査を行い、当該第1の走査線の終点と、当該第1の走査線に平行に配列される第2の走査線の走査開始点を接続するような走査軌道を描くように前記荷電粒子ビームを偏向して走査線位置を変更し、当該第2の走査線の走査開始点から前記第1の方向と反対の第2の方向に向かって、前記荷電粒子ビームを走査することによって、前記第2の走査線の走査を行い、当該第2の走査線の走査の後、前記走査線位置の変更及び前記反対方向への荷電粒子ビームの走査を繰り返すことによって、第1のフレーム内の走査を行い、当該第1のフレームの走査の後、当該第1のフレーム内に含まれる走査終点を、走査開始点とした第2のフレームの走査の開始、或いは前記走査終点と異なる位置の第2のフレームの走査開始点とを接続するような走査軌道を描くように前記走査位置を変更した後、前記第2のフレームの走査を開始するように、前記走査偏向器を制御することを特徴とする荷電粒子線装置。 - 請求項1において、
前記制御装置は、前記第1のフレーム内に含まれる走査終点から、前記第1の方向に前記荷電粒子ビームを偏向することで、前記第2のフレームの第1の走査線の走査を行い、当該第2のフレームの第1の走査線の終点と、当該第2のフレームの第1の走査線に平行に配列される第2のフレームの第2の走査線の走査開始点を接続するような走査軌道を描くように前記荷電粒子ビームを偏向して走査線位置を変更し、当該第2のフレームの第2の走査線の走査開始点から前記第2の方向に向かって、前記荷電粒子ビームを走査することによって、前記第2のフレームの第2の走査線の走査を行い、当該第2のフレームの第2の走査線の走査の後、前記走査線位置の変更及び反対方向への荷電粒子ビームの走査を繰り返すことによって、前記第2のフレーム内の走査を行うように、前記走査偏向器を制御することを特徴とする荷電粒子線装置。 - 請求項2において、
前記制御装置は、前記第2のフレームに含まれる走査終点から、前記第1の方向に直交する第3の方向に前記荷電粒子ビームを偏向することで、第3のフレームの第1の走査線の走査を行い、前記第3のフレームの第1の走査線の終点と、当該第3のフレームの第1の走査線に平行に配列される第3のフレームの第2の走査線の走査開始点を接続するような走査軌道を描くように前記荷電粒子ビームを変更して走査線位置を変更し、当該第3のフレームの第2の走査線の走査開始点から前記第3の方向と反対の第4の方向に向かって、前記荷電粒子ビームを走査することによって、前記第3のフレームの第2の走査線の走査を行い、当該第3のフレームの第2の走査線の走査の後、前記走査線位置の変更及び反対方向への荷電粒子ビームの走査を繰り返すことによって、前記第3のフレーム内の走査を行うように、前記走査偏向器を制御することを特徴とする荷電粒子線装置。 - 請求項3において、
前記制御装置は、前記第3のフレーム内に含まれる走査終点から、前記第3の方向に前記荷電粒子ビームを偏向することで、前記第4のフレームの第1の走査線の走査を行い、当該第4のフレームの第1の走査線の終点と、当該第4のフレームの第1の走査線に平行に配列される第4のフレームの第2の走査線の走査開始点を接続するような走査軌道を描くように前記荷電粒子ビームを偏向して走査線位置を変更し、当該第4のフレームの第2の走査線の走査開始点から前記第4の方向に向かって、前記荷電粒子ビームを走査することによって、前記第4のフレームの第2の走査線の走査を行い、当該第4のフレームの第2の走査線の走査の後、前記走査線位置の変更及び反対方向への荷電粒子ビームの走査を繰り返すことによって、前記第4のフレーム内の走査を行うように、前記走査偏向器を制御することを特徴とする荷電粒子線装置。 - 請求項1において、
前記制御装置は、前記第1のフレームに含まれる走査終点から、前記第1の方向に直交する第4の方向に前記荷電粒子ビームを偏向することで、前記第2のフレームの第1の走査線の走査を行い、前記第2のフレームの第1の走査線の終点と、当該第2のフレームの第1の走査線に平行に配列される第2のフレームの第2の走査線の走査開始点を接続するような走査軌道を描くように前記荷電粒子ビームを変更して走査線位置を変更し、当該第2のフレームの第2の走査線の走査開始点から前記第4の方向と反対の第3の方向に向かって、前記荷電粒子ビームを走査することによって、前記第2のフレームの第2の走査線の走査を行い、当該第2のフレームの第2の走査線の走査の後、前記走査線位置の変更及び反対方向への荷電粒子ビームの走査を繰り返すことによって、前記第2のフレーム内の走査を行うように、前記走査偏向器を制御することを特徴とする荷電粒子線装置。 - 請求項5において、
前記制御装置は、前記第2のフレームに含まれる走査終点から、前記第2の方向に前記荷電粒子ビームを偏向することで、第3のフレームの第1の走査線の走査を行い、前記第3のフレームの第1の走査線の終点と、当該第3のフレームの第1の走査線に平行に配列される第3のフレームの第2の走査線の走査開始点を接続するような走査軌道を描くように前記荷電粒子ビームを変更して走査線位置を変更し、当該第3のフレームの第2の走査線の走査開始点から前記第1の方向に向かって、前記荷電粒子ビームを走査することによって、前記第3のフレームの第2の走査線の走査を行い、当該第3のフレームの第2の走査線の走査の後、前記走査線位置の変更及び反対方向への荷電粒子ビームの走査を繰り返すことによって、前記第3のフレーム内の走査を行うように、前記走査偏向器を制御することを特徴とする荷電粒子線装置。 - 請求項6において、
前記制御装置は、前記第3のフレームに含まれる走査終点から、前記第3の方向に前記荷電粒子ビームを偏向することで、第4のフレームの第1の走査線の走査を行い、前記第4のフレームの第1の走査線の終点と、当該第4のフレームの第1の走査線に平行に配列される第4のフレームの第2の走査線の走査開始点を接続するような走査軌道を描くように前記荷電粒子ビームを変更して走査線位置を変更し、当該第4のフレームの第2の走査線の走査開始点から前記第4の方向に向かって、前記荷電粒子ビームを走査することによって、前記第4のフレームの第2の走査線の走査を行い、当該第4のフレームの第2の走査線の走査の後、前記走査線位置の変更及び反対方向への荷電粒子ビームの走査を繰り返すことによって、前記第4のフレーム内の走査を行うように、前記走査偏向器を制御することを特徴とする荷電粒子線装置。 - 請求項1において、
前記制御装置は、前記第1のフレームの走査終点から、前記荷電粒子ビームをフレーム外に偏向し、当該フレームに沿って前記荷電粒子ビームを偏向し、前記第1のフレームの走査終点とは異なるフレーム内位置に、前記荷電粒子ビームを偏向させることによって、前記第2のフレームの走査開始点に前記荷電粒子ビームの照射位置を位置付けるように前記走査偏向器を制御することを特徴とする荷電粒子線装置。 - 請求項8において、
前記制御装置は、前記フレームの4辺に沿って、前記フレーム外の荷電粒子ビームの走査を行うように前記走査偏向器を制御することを特徴とする荷電粒子線装置。 - 請求項1において、
前記制御装置は、前記第1のフレーム内に含まれる走査終点への荷電粒子ビームの照射と、走査開始点とした第2のフレームの走査の開始点への荷電粒子ビームの照射を連続的に行うように、前記走査偏向器を制御することを特徴とする荷電粒子線装置。 - 請求項1において、
前記制御装置は、2フレーム、或いは4の倍数のフレームの走査を行うように、前記走査偏向器を制御することを特徴とする荷電粒子線装置。 - 請求項1において、
前記制御装置は、異なる走査線方向毎の画像を生成し、当該異なる走査線方向毎に形成された複数の画像を合成することを特徴とする荷電粒子線装置。 - 請求項12において、
前記制御装置は、前記異なる走査線方向毎に形成された複数の画像間の位置合わせを行った上で画像合成を行うことを特徴とする荷電粒子線装置。 - 請求項13において、
前記制御装置は、複数の画像間でパターンマッチングを行った上で画像合成を行うことを特徴とする荷電粒子線装置。 - 請求項13において、
前記制御装置は、合成対象となる複数の画像間の相対位置を変化させたときに得られる鮮鋭度の変化を算出することを特徴とする荷電粒子線装置。
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