WO2017013867A1 - ガーネット化合物及びその製造方法、当該ガーネット化合物を用いた発光装置及び装飾物、並びに当該ガーネット化合物の使用方法 - Google Patents
ガーネット化合物及びその製造方法、当該ガーネット化合物を用いた発光装置及び装飾物、並びに当該ガーネット化合物の使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017013867A1 WO2017013867A1 PCT/JP2016/003353 JP2016003353W WO2017013867A1 WO 2017013867 A1 WO2017013867 A1 WO 2017013867A1 JP 2016003353 W JP2016003353 W JP 2016003353W WO 2017013867 A1 WO2017013867 A1 WO 2017013867A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/77—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
- C09K11/7766—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals containing two or more rare earth metals
- C09K11/7774—Aluminates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F17/00—Compounds of rare earth metals
- C01F17/30—Compounds containing rare earth metals and at least one element other than a rare earth metal, oxygen or hydrogen, e.g. La4S3Br6
- C01F17/32—Compounds containing rare earth metals and at least one element other than a rare earth metal, oxygen or hydrogen, e.g. La4S3Br6 oxide or hydroxide being the only anion, e.g. NaCeO2 or MgxCayEuO
- C01F17/34—Aluminates, e.g. YAlO3 or Y3-xGdxAl5O12
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L25/00—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof
- H01L25/03—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes
- H01L25/04—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a garnet compound and a method for producing the garnet compound, a light emitting device and a decorative article using the garnet compound, and a method for using the garnet compound.
- a powdered garnet compound made of solid-crystal reaction and made of single crystal particles is used as a phosphor. That is, in LED lighting, a phosphor having a relatively large particle size is used for an electron tube or the like, for example, a phosphor having a central particle size of 10 to 30 ⁇ m is used. However, in order to further improve the luminous efficiency of the phosphor, a garnet compound having a larger single crystal particle size is required.
- a production method called a flux method has been known as a garnet compound crystal growth method (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1).
- a flux method In order to grow a single crystal by this method, first, an appropriate salt or oxide that becomes a solvent (flux) and a material that becomes a solute are mixed and heated and melted. Then, after melting, a supersaturated solution state is formed while gradually cooling or evaporating the solvent, from which garnet compound crystals are grown.
- the flux method can grow a single crystal with a relatively simple apparatus.
- a garnet compound not containing iron as a main component particularly an aluminum garnet type compound
- a lead compound for example, PbO, PbF 2
- An object of the present invention is a garnet compound that has a small environmental load, does not contain iron as a main component, and has a large single crystal particle size, and a manufacturing method thereof, a light-emitting device and a decoration using the garnet compound, and the It is to provide a method of using a garnet compound.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view for explaining a light emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing an example of a semiconductor light emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 3A is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 2
- FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a method of forming a sealing member in the semiconductor light emitting device.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a decorative article according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the garnet compound of the present embodiment includes single particles (primary particles) having a particle shape derived from the crystal structure of garnet.
- single particle refers to a single crystal or one particle having a crystal quality close to this.
- aggregate of single particles means a group of particles composed of a large amount of single particles such as deposited particles, and does not refer to an aggregate of up to about 10 small pieces or grains. The “aggregate of single particles” does not refer to a group of particles obtained by simply scraping individual pieces or grains manufactured in different lots.
- B ′ is Ca, Sc, Y, Mg, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Al, V, Cr, Ga, Ru, In, Pt, Ti, Zr, Sn, Hf, Nb, It can be at least one element selected from the group consisting of Sb, Ta, and W.
- C ′ can be at least one element selected from the group consisting of Li, Al, Fe, Ga, Si, Ge, P, and V.
- X can be at least one element selected from the group consisting of O, N, and F.
- the garnet compound of this embodiment is a sand-like inorganic compound, for example, and has a garnet crystal structure. And it is preferable that the garnet compound of this embodiment is an aluminum garnet especially. That is, the garnet compound of this embodiment has the general formula: A ′ 3 B ′ 2 (AlO 4 ) 3 (2) (Wherein A ′ and B ′ are cations that form a garnet compound), and B ′ preferably does not contain iron as a main component.
- single particles have a particle size defined as sand in geology.
- the single particles of the garnet compound are composed of primary particles having a particle shape derived from the crystal structure of garnet. 6 to 8 and 12 to 15, the primary particles have a particle size of 90 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m and have a particle size (62.5 ⁇ m to 2 mm) defined as sand in geology.
- the primary particles of the garnet compound shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 and FIGS. 12 to 15 are not artificially processed such as grinding or polishing.
- the garnet compound of this embodiment has a particle size corresponding to sand ranging from at least very fine sand to coarse sand.
- the garnet compound of the present embodiment has a particle size of 62.5 ⁇ m to 2 mm, and preferably has a particle size of 62.5 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m.
- the garnet compound of this embodiment can also be regarded as artificial sand.
- the particle size (Ferret diameter) of the garnet compound of this embodiment can be measured by using a scanning electron microscope or an optical microscope.
- the garnet compound according to the present embodiment is composed of single particles having a particle shape derived from the crystal structure of garnet, or an aggregate of the single particles.
- a garnet compound crystal has a polyhedral crystal habit called a rhomboid dodecahedron or an anisotropic polyhedron (in particular, rhombohedron tetrahedron). Therefore, the garnet compound of this embodiment is also preferably composed of single particles having a polyhedral particle shape derived from the garnet crystal structure, or an aggregate of the single particles.
- garnet compounds having relatively high hardness such as aluminate and silicate are not brittle, artificial processing of grains (especially precision processing by polishing or the like) is relatively easy.
- the crystal habit of the garnet compound is a rhomboid dodecahedron or an anisotropic polyhedron, and the overall shape is a substantially spherical (pseudo-spherical) polyhedron.
- the industrial utility value is increased. Is relatively easy. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to easily provide garnet compound grains that have been subjected to such artificial processing.
- FIG. 6 it has a beautiful polyhedral particle shape, is made of a single crystal having a large particle size defined as sand, and further can produce a garnet compound that does not contain iron as a main component and does not contain lead. As far as the inventors know, there is no publication in which is described.
- the garnet compound of the present embodiment can be produced without using a flux method using a compound containing an ion that interferes with the fluorescence characteristics. Therefore, the amount of such impurities can be suppressed as much as possible.
- the lead content of the garnet compound of this embodiment is preferably 1000 ppm or less.
- a garnet compound having a very low environmental load and high safety can be obtained.
- the lead content is small, desired light emission characteristics can be easily obtained.
- the garnet compound preferably has a lead content of 100 ppm or less, more preferably 10 ppm or less, and particularly preferably less than 1 ppm. preferable.
- the garnet compound of this embodiment preferably has a lead and mercury content of 1000 ppm or less.
- mercury is an element that has a large environmental impact and also affects the light emission characteristics. Therefore, when not only lead but also mercury content is 1000 ppm or less, it becomes possible to reduce environmental load and to improve the light emission characteristics.
- the garnet compound preferably has a lead and mercury content of 100 ppm or less, more preferably 10 ppm or less, and less than 1 ppm. It is particularly preferred.
- the content of the above elements is preferably as low as possible. That is, the garnet compound is at least selected from the group consisting of Hg, Bi, Tl, Sb, Sn, Fe, Mn, Cr, B, Ba, Cd, Te, Se, As, Be, In, Ni, Co, and V.
- the content of one element is preferably 100 ppm or less.
- the garnet compound preferably has a content of the above-mentioned elements of 10 ppm or less, particularly preferably less than 1 ppm.
- the garnet compound when used in applications where a fluorescent function is required, may be a compound that functions as a phosphor (for example, an aluminate or silicate garnet compound).
- a garnet compound when using for the use for which a fluorescence function is calculated
- the garnet compound can also include a compound that functions as a matrix of the phosphor.
- a garnet compound When using a garnet compound as a phosphor that emits visible light, it does not contain at least one element selected from the group consisting of chromium, iron, cobalt, and nickel, which is an ion that emits a fluorescent component in the infrared region. Is preferred. Conversely, if you want to use the garnet compound in applications where you do not want to have a fluorescent function, make it a compound that actively interferes with the function as a phosphor, or a compound that contains ions that interfere with the function as a phosphor. Good.
- the method for producing a garnet compound includes a mixing step of mixing a halide-based compound containing halogen, an oxide-based compound containing oxygen, and a heating step of heating the mixed raw material obtained by the mixing step.
- the method for producing a garnet compound includes a rare earth halide compound containing a rare earth element and a halogen, a mixing step of mixing the oxide compound, and a heating step of heating a mixed raw material obtained by the mixing step.
- the said mixed raw material contains all the elements which comprise a garnet compound at least.
- the garnet compound can be produced relatively easily by including at least fluorine in the rare earth halide compound.
- the rare earth halide compound is particularly preferably a rare earth fluoride.
- the manufacturing method according to the present embodiment does not require the use of a compound such as a lead compound that affects the environment as a flux. That is, the garnet compound of the present embodiment can be relatively easily produced by utilizing a reaction in which a compound that has been conventionally used as a flux is a main raw material.
- Example 3 the target garnet compound was “Y 0.98 Ce 0.02 ) 3 Al 2 (AlO 4 ) 3 ” having a garnet-type crystal structure.
- the garnet compound of Example 4 was observed using an electron microscope in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 3.
- FIG. 12 shows the garnet compound after washing with water
- FIG. 13 shows the garnet compound before washing with water.
- the garnet compound of Example 4 has a particle size of about 860 ⁇ m. Further, it can be seen that the particles have a particle shape close to a rhomboid dodecahedron and have a clear facet plane.
- the garnet compound before washing in Example 4 has single particles having a particle shape derived from the crystal structure of garnet, and the single particles form an aggregate. I understand.
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Abstract
Description
A’3B’2(C’X4)3 (1)
(式中、A’,B’及びC’はガーネット化合物を形成する陽イオンであり、Xはガーネット化合物を形成する陰イオンである)で示される組成を有し、B’及びC’は鉄を主成分として含まない。当該単粒子は、地質学で砂と定義される粒径を有する。そして、ガーネット化合物は、鉛の含有量が1000ppm以下である。
本実施形態に係るガーネット化合物は、ガーネットの結晶構造に由来する粒子形状を持つ単粒子、又は当該単粒子の集合体からなる化合物である。そして、一般式:
A’3B’2(C’X4)3 (1)
(式中、A’,B’及びC’は、ガーネット化合物を形成する陽イオンであり、Xは、ガーネット化合物を形成する陰イオンである)で示される組成を有し、B’及びC’は鉄を主成分として含まない。
A’3B’2(AlO4)3 (2)
(式中、A’及びB’は、ガーネット化合物を形成する陽イオンである)で示される組成を有し、B’は鉄を主成分として含まないことが好ましい。
Y3Al2(AlO4)3、Gd3Al2(AlO4)3、Tb3Al2(AlO4)3、Lu3Al2(AlO4)3、Y3Ga2(AlO4)3、Y3Ga2(GaO4)3、Ca3Sc2(SiO4)3、Lu2CaMg2(SiO4)3、Ca2NaMg2(VO4)3、Y3Mg2(AlO4)(SiO4)2、Ca2YZr2(AlO4)3、Ca2EuZr2(AlO4)3、Na3Al2(LiF4)3、Sr3Y2(GeO4)3、Fe3Al2(SiO4)3、Mg3Al2(SiO4)3、Mn3Al2(SiO4)3、Ca3Fe2(SiO4)3、Ca3Cr2(SiO4)3。
A’3B’2(C’X4)3 (1)
(式中、A’,B’及びC’はガーネット化合物を形成し得る陽イオンであり、Xはガーネット化合物を形成し得る陰イオンである)で示される組成を有し、B’及びC’は鉄を主成分として含まない。さらに、ガーネット化合物における単粒子は、地質学で砂と定義される粒径を有する。そして、ガーネット化合物は、鉛の含有量が1000ppm以下である。
次に、本実施形態のガーネット化合物の製造方法について説明する。本実施形態のガーネット化合物は、ハロゲンを含有するハロゲン化物系化合物と、酸素を含有する酸化物系化合物とを原料とする反応により製造することができる。また、ガーネット化合物が希土類元素を含有する場合には、希土類元素とハロゲンを含有する希土類ハロゲン化物系化合物と、酸素を含有する酸化物系化合物とを少なくとも反応させる工程によって製造することができる。なお、本実施形態の製造方法は、従来、固相反応法でフラックスとして用いていた化合物を主原料として利用する製造方法であり、従来の固相反応法ともフラックス法とも異なる製造方法である。
[化1]
3YF3+4Al2O3→Y3Al5O12+3AlF3
次に、本実施形態のガーネット化合物を、蛍光体に用いた場合について説明する。本実施形態のガーネット化合物は、発光中心と呼ばれる蛍光を放つイオンを含ませることが好ましい。これにより、蛍光体としての機能を持ち、蛍光を放つガーネット化合物とすることができる。
次に、本実施形態に係る発光装置を説明する。本実施形態の発光装置は、蛍光体としての上述のガーネット化合物を備えている。
次に、本実施形態の装飾物を説明する。本実施形態の装飾物は、上述のガーネット化合物を装飾材料として備えている。
フッ化イットリウム(YF3):純度3N、株式会社高純度化学研究所製
フッ化ガドリニウム(GdF3):純度3N、株式会社高純度化学研究所製
酸化セリウム(CeO2):純度4N、信越化学工業株式会社製
フッ化セリウム(CeF3):純度3N、和光純薬工業株式会社製
酸化アルミニウム(θ-Al2O3):純度4N5、住友化学株式会社製
フッ化アルミニウム(AlF3):純度記載無し、和光純薬工業株式会社製
炭酸リチウム(Li2CO3):純度3N5、関東化学株式会社製
炭酸ナトリウム(Na2CO3):純度2N8、和光純薬工業株式会社製
炭酸カリウム(K2CO3):純度2N5、関東化学株式会社製
実施例1では、目標とするガーネット化合物を、ガーネット型の結晶構造を持つ「Y0.98Ce0.02)3Al2(AlO4)3」とした。
実施例2も、目標とするガーネット化合物を、ガーネット型の結晶構造を持つ「Y0.98Ce0.02)3Al2(AlO4)3」とした。そして、実施例1の本焼成時間を40分に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、実施例2のガーネット化合物を得た。
実施例3も、目標とするガーネット化合物を、ガーネット型の結晶構造を持つ「Y0.98Ce0.02)3Al2(AlO4)3」とした。
比較例1では、従来の固相反応を利用する方法によって、ガーネット型の結晶構造を持つ「(Y0.98Ce0.02)3Al2(AlO4)3」を調製した。
実施例1~3及び比較例1のガーネット化合物を、電子顕微鏡(製品名:VE-9800、株式会社キーエンス製)を用いて観察した。図6は実施例1の水洗後のガーネット化合物を示し、図7は実施例2の水洗後のガーネット化合物を示し、図8は実施例3の水洗後のガーネット化合物を示し、図9は比較例1のガーネット化合物を示す。
実施例1~3のガーネット化合物の結晶構造解析を、X線回折装置(製品名:MultiFlex、株式会社リガク製)を用いて行った。測定結果を図10に示す。なお、実施例1~3のガーネット化合物の結晶構造解析を行った結果、X線回折パターンに大差が認められないため、図10では、代表として実施例1のX線回折パターンを(a)として示した。また、PDF(Power Diffraction Files)に登録されている、ガーネット型の結晶構造を持つY3Al5O12のパターン(PDF No.33-0040)を(b)として示した。
次に、実施例1のガーネット化合物を青色光で励起したときの発光スペクトルを、瞬間マルチ測光システム(QE-1100:大塚電子株式会社製)を用いて評価した。なお、発光スペクトル測定時の励起波長は450nmとした。発光スペクトルの測定結果を図11中に(a)として示した。なお、図11中の(b)は、同様に測定した比較例1のガーネット化合物の発光スペクトルである。
実施例1のガーネット化合物中の不純物を、ICP質量分析(ICP-MS)により測定した。なお、分析方法の概要は下記の通りであり、分析結果を表2に示す。
<試料前処理>
試料0.1gに硫酸などの混合液を加え、マイクロ波で高圧加熱して分解した後、純水で定容する。
<定性オーダー分析>
使用装置:Agilent7700型(アジレント・テクノロジー株式会社製)
測定モード:ヘリウムコリジョンモード
測定方法:装置に付属するソフトウェアの相対感度係数を用いた定量濃度算出
実施例4も、目標とするガーネット化合物を、ガーネット型の結晶構造を持つ「Y0.98Ce0.02)3Al2(AlO4)3」とした。そして、実施例1の本焼成温度を1400℃に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、実施例4のガーネット化合物を得た。
実施例5では、目標とするガーネット化合物を、ガーネット型の結晶構造を持つ「(Y0.68Gd0.30Ce0.02)3Al2(AlO4)3」とした。そして、表1に示す調合割合で各原料を秤量した以外は実施例1と同様にして、実施例5のガーネット化合物を得た。
実施例6では、目標とするガーネット化合物を、ガーネット型の結晶構造を持つ「(Y0.98Ce0.02)3Al2(AlO4)3」とした。そして、表1に示す調合割合で各原料を秤量し、焼成温度を1000℃とした以外は実施例1と同様にして、実施例6のガーネット化合物を得た。
100 半導体発光装置(発光装置)
200 装飾物
Claims (14)
- ガーネットの結晶構造に由来する粒子形状を持つ単粒子、又は前記単粒子の集合体からなるガーネット化合物であって、
一般式:
A’3B’2(C’X4)3 (1)
(式中、A’,B’及びC’は前記ガーネット化合物を形成する陽イオンであり、Xは前記ガーネット化合物を形成する陰イオンである)で示される組成を有し、前記B’及びC’は鉄を主成分として含まず、
前記単粒子は、地質学で砂と定義される粒径を有し、
鉛の含有量が1000ppm以下であることを特徴とするガーネット化合物。 - Hg、Bi、Tl、Sb、Sn、Fe、Mn、Cr、B、Ba、Cd、Te、Se、As、Be、In、Ni,Co及びVからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一つの元素の含有量が各々1000ppm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のガーネット化合物。
- 前記単粒子はファセット面を持つことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のガーネット化合物。
- 希土類化合物であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載のガーネット化合物。
- 希土類アルミニウムガーネットであることを特徴とする請求項4に記載のガーネット化合物。
- 蛍光を放つことを特徴とする請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載のガーネット化合物。
- 380nm以上480nm未満の短波長可視光を吸収して、前記短波長可視光よりも長波長の可視光に変換することを特徴とする請求項6に記載のガーネット化合物。
- Ce3+で付活された蛍光体であることを特徴とする請求項7に記載のガーネット化合物。
- 請求項1乃至8のいずれか一項に記載のガーネット化合物であって、
希土類元素及びハロゲンを含有する希土類ハロゲン化物系化合物と、酸素を含有する酸化物系化合物とを少なくとも反応させる工程を有することを特徴とするガーネット化合物の製造方法。 - 前記希土類ハロゲン化物系化合物は希土類フッ化物であり、前記酸化物系化合物はアルカリ金属化合物を少なくとも含むことを特徴とする請求項9に記載のガーネット化合物の製造方法。
- 請求項1乃至8のいずれか一項に記載のガーネット化合物であって、
フッ化物とアルカリ金属化合物とを少なくとも反応させる工程を有することを特徴とするガーネット化合物の製造方法。 - 請求項6乃至8のいずれか一項に記載のガーネット化合物を備えることを特徴とする発光装置。
- 請求項1乃至8のいずれか一項に記載のガーネット化合物を装飾材料として備えることを特徴とする装飾物。
- 請求項1乃至8のいずれか一項に記載のガーネット化合物を、装飾材料又は蛍光砂として用いることを特徴とするガーネット化合物の使用方法。
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