WO2016208494A1 - 走査型内視鏡システム - Google Patents
走査型内視鏡システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016208494A1 WO2016208494A1 PCT/JP2016/068012 JP2016068012W WO2016208494A1 WO 2016208494 A1 WO2016208494 A1 WO 2016208494A1 JP 2016068012 W JP2016068012 W JP 2016068012W WO 2016208494 A1 WO2016208494 A1 WO 2016208494A1
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- unit
- light
- endoscope system
- scanning
- illumination
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00002—Operational features of endoscopes
- A61B1/00004—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by electronic signal processing
- A61B1/00009—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by electronic signal processing of image signals during a use of endoscope
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00163—Optical arrangements
- A61B1/00172—Optical arrangements with means for scanning
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00163—Optical arrangements
- A61B1/00193—Optical arrangements adapted for stereoscopic vision
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/04—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances
- A61B1/05—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances characterised by the image sensor, e.g. camera, being in the distal end portion
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/063—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements for monochromatic or narrow-band illumination
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/0638—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements providing two or more wavelengths
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/0661—Endoscope light sources
- A61B1/0669—Endoscope light sources at proximal end of an endoscope
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/07—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements using light-conductive means, e.g. optical fibres
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
- G02B23/2407—Optical details
- G02B23/2461—Illumination
- G02B23/2469—Illumination using optical fibres
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
- G02B26/10—Scanning systems
- G02B26/103—Scanning systems having movable or deformable optical fibres, light guides or waveguides as scanning elements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00064—Constructional details of the endoscope body
- A61B1/00071—Insertion part of the endoscope body
- A61B1/0008—Insertion part of the endoscope body characterised by distal tip features
- A61B1/00096—Optical elements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/04—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances
- A61B1/045—Control thereof
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
- G02B23/26—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes using light guides
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a scanning endoscope system.
- an optical fiber for illumination that guides illumination light is vibrated to scan the illumination light on the subject, and the reflected light from the subject surface is received by the detection optical fiber and imaged.
- An endoscope is known (for example, refer to Patent Document 1).
- a plurality of optical fibers for detection are arranged and fixed in the circumferential direction of a cylindrical scanning unit that vibrates an optical fiber for illumination.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and can shoot a subject at a desired shooting angle of view without reducing resolution, and observe the fine structure of the subject without causing halation. It is an object of the present invention to provide a scanning endoscope system that can be used.
- One embodiment of the present invention includes an illumination light emitting unit that emits illumination light emitted from a light source toward a subject in a spot shape, and light that scans the illumination light emitted from the illumination light emitting unit on the subject.
- a scanning unit provided with a scanning unit and a light detection unit that is provided so as to be movable relative to the illumination light emitting unit and detects reflected light from a scanning position of the subject scanned with the illumination light by the light scanning unit. This is a type endoscope system.
- the reflected light from the subject is received and detected by the light detection unit.
- the scanning range in the light scanning unit exceeds the light receiving range determined by the numerical aperture of the optical fiber for detection, by moving the light detection unit relative to the illumination light emitting unit in the direction away from the subject, It is possible to realize a shooting angle of view that matches the irradiation range.
- the light detection unit by simply moving the light detection unit without changing the position of the illumination light emitting unit, it is possible to realize a shooting angle of view that matches a wide illumination range, so that the position of the illumination light emitting unit is not displaced. Therefore, the spot diameter of the illumination light on the subject can be kept constant and the resolution can be maintained. Further, even if the illumination light emitting unit is brought close to the subject in order to observe the fine structure of the subject, it is not necessary to bring the light detection unit close at the same time, and an increase in the detected light amount can be suppressed to prevent the occurrence of halation.
- the first insertion portion and the second insertion portion that are inserted into the body of the patient, and the proximal end sides of the first insertion portion and the second insertion portion are connected and disposed outside the patient's body.
- the illumination light emission part may be provided in the first insertion part
- the light detection part may be provided in the second insertion part.
- the 1st insertion part inserted in a patient's body, the 2nd insertion part, and the base end side of the said 1st insertion part and the said 2nd insertion part are connected, and it arrange
- a plurality of the second insertion portions may be provided. By doing in this way, more reflected light from a to-be-photographed object can be detected by the some light detection part provided in the some 2nd insertion part, and a bright image can be acquired.
- a plurality of the light detection units may be provided, and the first insertion unit may include at least one light detection unit.
- the light-receiving area of the reflected light received by the said 1st insertion part may be smaller than the light-receiving area of the reflected light received by the said 2nd insertion part.
- a 2nd endoscope system provided with a said 2nd insertion part and the transmission part which transmits the signal based on the said reflected light detected by the said light detection part of this 2nd insertion part
- a first endoscope system comprising: the first insertion unit; a receiving unit that receives the signal transmitted by the transmitting unit; and an image forming unit that generates an image from the signal received by the receiving unit; May be provided.
- the receiving unit of the first endoscope system receives a signal from the transmitting unit of the second endoscope system, and the received signal is input to the image forming unit to generate an image. That is, by wirelessly connecting the first and second endoscope systems, the degree of freedom of operation can be further improved without depending on the first endoscope system and without problems such as tangling of the cord. .
- the present invention it is possible to take an image of a subject at a desired shooting angle of view without lowering the resolution, and to observe the fine structure of the subject without causing halation.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a scanning endoscope system according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the state which has inserted the 1st insertion part and the 2nd insertion part of the scanning endoscope system of FIG. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which fractured
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a first modification of the scanning endoscope system of FIG. 1, in which a light detection unit is arranged at the tip of a second insertion unit. It is a figure which shows an example of the light detection part of the scanning endoscope system of FIG. It is a 2nd modification of the scanning endoscope system of FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a third modification of the scanning endoscope system of FIG. 1 and a case where the first insertion unit is also provided with a light detection unit. It is a front view which shows an example of arrangement
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a fourth modification of the scanning endoscope system of FIG. 1 and showing an example of condensing light from the optical fiber of the second insertion portion and the optical fiber of the first insertion portion on the light detection portion. It is. It is a 5th modification of the scanning endoscope system of FIG. 1, Comprising: It is a figure which shows an example in which the 1st insertion part and the 2nd insertion part are wirelessly connected.
- the scanning endoscope system 1 includes a first insertion unit (illumination light emitting unit) 2 and a second insertion unit (light detection unit) that are inserted into a patient. ) 3, a light source unit (light source) 4 connected to the first insertion unit 2, an image acquisition unit 5 connected to the second insertion unit 3, the first insertion unit 2, the light source unit 4, and the image acquisition unit 5. And a display 7 for displaying the image acquired by the image acquisition unit 5.
- the 1st insertion part 2 and the 2nd insertion part 3 are comprised by another member, and can move relatively freely now.
- the light source unit 4, the image acquisition unit 5, and the control unit 6 are casing by a housing unit 100.
- the first insertion portion 2 is disposed at the center of the first insertion portion 2, and is provided at the optical fiber 8 made of a single mode fiber that guides light from the light source portion 4, and at the tip of the optical fiber 8,
- An optical scanning unit 9 that vibrates the emission end 8a of the optical fiber 8 to scan the light emitted from the emission end 8a two-dimensionally, and condenses the illumination light emitted from the emission end 8a of the optical fiber 8.
- the illumination lens 10 that forms a spot on the subject and the cylindrical protection member 11 that covers them are provided.
- the optical scanning unit 9 is, for example, a piezoelectric element, and generates bending vibration in the optical fiber 8 according to an input voltage.
- the 1st insertion part 2 is demonstrated in detail using FIGS. 3-5.
- the optical scanning unit 9 is, for example, an actuator, and as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the optical scanning unit 9 is composed of a member capable of transmitting vibration, and holds an optical fiber holding member 91 that holds the optical fiber 8, and the optical fiber holding member. Piezoelectric elements 92a, 92b, 92c, and 92d disposed on the outer periphery of the actuator 91, an actuator tube 93 that covers the piezoelectric elements 92a, 92b, 92c, and 92d and the optical fiber holding member 91, and the actuator tube 93 for the protective member 11 And an attachment ring 94 to be fixed to.
- the optical fiber 8 is supported by an optical fiber holding member 91, and a swinging portion 8b that is vibrated by the piezoelectric elements 92a, 92b, 92c, and 92d from the optical fiber holding member 91 to the exit end 8a. It has become.
- the optical fiber holding member 91 has a quadrangular prism shape, and the four side surfaces are each perpendicular to the light emission direction (optical axis direction) at the emission end 8 a of the optical fiber 8. They are orthogonal to each other. That is, the four side surfaces of the optical fiber holding member 91 are perpendicular to the + z direction as shown in FIG. 4 and are orthogonal to each other as shown in FIG. 5 in the + x direction, + y direction, and ⁇ x direction. , -Y direction.
- the pair of piezoelectric elements 92a and 92c for driving the y direction in the + y direction and the ⁇ y direction of the optical fiber holding member 91, and the pair of piezoelectric elements 92b and 92d for driving the x direction in the + x direction and the ⁇ x direction. Is fixed.
- the pair of piezoelectric elements disposed opposite to each other with the optical fiber holding member 91 interposed therebetween causes the optical fiber holding member 91 to bend by contracting the other when one of them extends, and by repeating this alternately, the x direction, y It is possible to two-dimensionally scan the exit end 8a of the optical fiber 8 by generating vibration in each direction.
- the illumination light emitted from the exit end 8 a of the optical fiber 8 thus vibrated is condensed on the observation target by the illumination lens 10.
- the light source unit 4 combines three light sources 12a, 12b, and 12c such as three laser diodes that respectively generate red light, green light, and blue light, and the three colors of light from the laser light sources 12a, 12b, and 12c. And an optical coupling part 13 that guides the light to the optical fiber 8.
- the optical coupling unit 13 is configured using a fiber type combiner, a dichroic prism, or the like.
- the second insertion portion 3 includes an optical fiber 14 made of a multimode fiber having a light receiving end that receives reflected light from a subject, and a cylindrical protective member 15 that covers the optical fiber 14.
- the image acquisition unit 5 receives light at the light receiving end of the optical fiber 14 and is detected by the light detection unit 16 such as an avalanche photodiode that photoelectrically converts reflected light guided through the optical fiber 14 and the light detection unit 16.
- An A / D converter 17 that converts an analog signal based on the intensity of the reflected light into a digital signal, and an image forming unit 18 that forms an image based on an output from the A / D converter 17 are provided.
- the control unit 6 controls the lighting timing of the three laser light sources 12a, 12b, and 12c, and controls the scanning position of the illumination light from the laser light sources 12a, 12b, and 12c by the light scanning unit 9. . Further, the control unit 6 is configured to send scanning position information of the illumination light emitted from the first insertion unit 2 to the image forming unit 18.
- the image forming unit 18 forms an image based on the intensity information of the reflected light output from the A / D converter 17 and the scanning position information of the illumination light transmitted from the control unit 6.
- the image formed by the image forming unit 18 is sent to the display 7.
- the scanning endoscope system 1 configured as described above will be described below.
- the second insertion portion 3 is inserted into the body, and then the first insertion portion 2 is inserted into the body. .
- the operation of the control unit 6 causes the three laser light sources 12a, 12b, and 12c to emit three types of illumination light in a predetermined light emission order (for example, the order of R, G, and B).
- the optical scanning unit 9 is controlled by a command signal from the control unit 6 to sequentially change the scanning position of the illumination light. For example, by operating the optical scanning unit 9, the emission end of the optical fiber 8 provided in the first insertion unit 2 is moved in a spiral shape so that the illumination light spot is arranged on the spiral locus on the subject. Irradiate as follows.
- the image forming unit 18 can generate a two-dimensional color image by arranging the color and intensity information of the detected reflected light in correspondence with the scanning position.
- the first insertion portion 2 and the second insertion portion 3 to be inserted into the body are separated and can be relatively moved. There is. That is, when the illumination range of the illumination light set by the amplitude of the exit end 8a of the optical fiber 8 by the optical scanning unit 9 exceeds the light reception range of the optical fiber 14 of the second insertion unit 3, the arrow in FIG. As shown by the above, it is possible to realize an imaging angle of view that covers the illumination range only by moving the second insertion unit 3 relative to the first insertion unit 2 in a direction away from the subject.
- the position of the first insertion portion 2 is not changed, there is no change in the spot diameter of the illumination light on the subject, and there is an advantage that the shooting angle of view can be widened without reducing the resolution.
- the exit end of the first insertion portion 2 is brought close to the subject.
- it is not necessary to bring the second insertion section 3 close to the subject simultaneously with the first insertion section 2 excessively strong reflected light is incident on the light receiving end of the optical fiber 14 constituting the second insertion section 3.
- an observation system including two insertion portions similar to the present invention, for example, a CCD camera, an illumination unit that illuminates a subject as one insertion portion, and an imager unit that detects reflected light from the subject as the other insertion portion (Detection unit).
- the illumination unit is not displaced, and the imager unit is appropriately arranged so that the desired part to be photographed can be photographed by widely illuminating the illumination light with the illumination unit not displaced. To do.
- the scanning endoscope system 1 of the present invention prevents the second insertion unit 3 including the light detection unit 16 from shifting so that the reflected light from the subject can be widely received, and the second insertion unit 3 does not shift. Observation is performed by appropriately arranging the first insertion portion 2 that irradiates illumination light to a desired part to be imaged in a state.
- the relationship between the illumination system unit and the detection system unit is opposite.
- the observation system shifts the field of view by moving the imager unit, which is a detection system unit, and the scanning endoscope system 1 according to the present invention has an illumination system.
- the first insertion part 2 as a unit is moved to shift the visual field.
- the scanning endoscope system 1 of the present invention when used, a remarkable effect that the above observation system does not have is that when a subject is observed by illuminating a wide area using an imager unit, diffused light is used. There is a problem of illumination unevenness in which the central part is bright and the peripheral part is dark. However, when the subject is scanned and illuminated using the scanning endoscope system 1 of the present invention, the illumination light quantity does not change depending on the scanning position, so the illumination unevenness is reduced. There is also an advantage that it can be prevented.
- the optical fiber 14 having the light receiving end for receiving the reflected light in the second insertion portion 3 is exemplified.
- a light detection unit 19 that receives reflected light without passing through may be disposed at the tip of the second insertion unit 3.
- a condenser lens 20 that condenses the reflected light, and an avalanche photodiode (APD element) that detects the reflected light collected by the condenser lens 20 21 and an amplifier 22 that amplifies the output of the avalanche photodiode 21 may be provided.
- a plurality of second insertion sections 3 including optical fibers 14 connected to the light detection section 16 may be provided.
- the light detection unit 16 includes a condenser lens 20, an APD element 21, and an amplifier 22, and the reflected light obtained from the plurality of second insertion units 3 is optical.
- the condenser lens 20 is collected on the condenser lens 20.
- FIG. 12 shows an example in which light is condensed on the APD element 21 through each optical fiber 14 of the plurality of second insertion portions 3.
- the emission ends of the plurality of optical fibers 14 are bundled in a bundle shape, and the light emitted from the end surface 14 a is condensed on the light receiving surface of the APD element 21 using the condenser lens 20.
- the condensing lens 20 and the APD element 21 can have a single configuration, eliminating the need for a complicated configuration.
- the light detection unit 23 may also be provided in the first insertion unit 2 that emits illumination light.
- the light detection unit 23 provided in the first insertion unit 2 as shown in FIG. 14, the light receiving end of the optical fiber 24 may be arranged in a ring shape around the illumination lens 10 that emits illumination light. As shown in FIG. 15, it may be arranged adjacent to the vicinity of the illumination lens 10.
- an A / D converter 25 that converts the detected reflected light into a digital signal is connected to the light detection unit 23 connected to the optical fiber 24 of the first insertion unit 2.
- the second insertion portion 3 is first inserted into the body, and then the first insertion portion 2 is inserted into the body, so that the reflected light from the subject of the illumination light emitted from the first insertion portion 2 is reduced. Even when the first insertion portion 2 is inserted, the second insertion portion 3 can detect and display an image. Instead, by providing the light detection unit 23 also in the first insertion unit 2, it is easy to see the image when inserting the first insertion unit 2 without inserting the second insertion unit 3. In addition, there is an advantage that the insertion operation can be performed accurately.
- the light detection unit 23 provided in the first insertion unit 2 only needs to be able to detect the minimum amount of light necessary for insertion of the first insertion unit 2, so that the optical fiber 14 provided in the second insertion unit 3 receives light.
- the light receiving area may be smaller than the light receiving area at the end.
- FIG. 12 an example in which the optical fiber 14 that guides light to the second insertion portion 3 and the exit end of the optical fiber 24 that guides light to the light detection portion 23 are bundled in a bundle shape is shown in FIG. Shown in FIG. 12, the light emitted from the bundled end surface 14 a is condensed on the light receiving surface of the APD element 21 using the condenser lens 20.
- the APD element and the A / D converter can be made into a single configuration, and there is no need for a complicated configuration.
- the size of the area of the light receiving end that receives the reflected light from the subject A is adjusted by adjusting the size of the area of the fiber bundle. it can.
- a photodiode (PD) is disposed at the light receiving end, the size of the light receiving area and the number of PDs may be adjusted.
- the image displayed on the display 7 may be switched between the image of the first insertion unit 2 of the display 7 and the image of the second insertion unit 3 when the second insertion unit 3 is inserted.
- the image of the first insertion unit 2 and the two images of the second insertion unit 3 may be displayed, or an image obtained by adding the signals of the two images may be displayed.
- first insertion unit 2 that emits illumination light and the second insertion unit 3 that detects reflected light may be connected by wire, but as shown in FIG. 17, wireless transmission / reception of digital signals is performed. You may decide to do.
- a first endoscope system 29 including a first insertion unit 2, a light source unit 4, a control unit 6, an image forming unit 18, and a reception unit 28, a second insertion unit 3, a light detection unit 16, and A A scanning endoscope system 26 including a second endoscope system 30 including the / D converter 17 and the transmission unit 27 and a display 7 may be employed.
- the second endoscope system 30 including the second insertion unit 3
- reflected light on the subject emitted to the first insertion unit 2 enters the second insertion unit 3, and intensity information of the incident reflected light is detected by light.
- the intensity information of the reflected light detected by the unit 16 is converted into a digital signal by the A / D converter 17 and sent to the transmission unit 27.
- the transmission unit 27 transmits the digital signal transmitted from the A / D converter 17.
- the digital signal transmitted from the transmission unit 27 is received by the reception unit 28 of the first endoscope system 29 including the first insertion unit 2, and the received digital signal is sent to the image forming unit 18 to generate an image. Then, the generated image is displayed on the display 7.
- the transmission unit 27 and the reception unit 28 may be disposed anywhere in the first endoscope system 29 and the second endoscope system 30, respectively.
- the optical scanning unit 9 using the piezoelectric elements 92a, 92b, 92c, and 92d is exemplified, but the method of scanning the illumination light is not limited to this, and the electromagnetic induction method is used. Or you may employ
- the present invention is not limited to this method, and for example, three lasers are used.
- the light sources 12a, 12b, and 12c may be emitted at the same time, and each color may be separated by the light detection unit 16 to obtain the respective color intensity information.
- the light detection unit 16 includes an optical element such as a dichroic prism and a photoelectric conversion element such as an avalanche photodiode for each color.
- the light detection unit 16 may be provided in the second insertion unit 3 instead of the image acquisition unit 5.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の一態様は、光源から発せられた照明光を被写体に向けてスポット状に射出する照明光射出部と、該照明光射出部から射出される前記照明光を前記被写体上で走査させる光走査部と、前記照明光射出部に対して相対移動可能に設けられ、前記光走査部により前記照明光が走査された前記被写体の走査位置からの反射光を検出する光検出部とを備える走査型内視鏡システムである。
また、被写体の微細構造を観察するために照明光射出部を被写体に近接させても光検出部を同時に近づける必要がなく、検出光量の増大を抑制してハレーションの発生を防止することができる。
このようにすることで、照明光射出部と光検出部とを第1挿入部および第2挿入部に別々に設けることで、両挿入部の外径を低減して侵襲性をさらに低減することができる。
また、上記態様においては、前記第2挿入部を複数備えていてもよい。
このようにすることで、複数の第2挿入部に設けられた複数の光検出部によって、被写体からのより多くの反射光を検出することができ、明るい画像を取得することができる。
このようにすることで、第2挿入部に設けられている光検出部が体内に挿入されていない状態で第1挿入部を挿入する際に、第1挿入部の照明光射出部から射出された照明光の被写体における反射光の一部が第1挿入部に設けられている光検出部により検出される。これにより、第1挿入部に設けられている光検出部により検出された反射光に基づいて被写体の画像を形成することができ、操作者は画像を見ながら、簡易かつ適切に照明光射出部の挿入作業を行うことができる。
また、上記態様においては、前記第1挿入部で受光する反射光の受光面積が、前記第2挿入部で受光する反射光の受光面積よりも小さくてもよい。
このようにすることで、第1挿入部に設けられた光検出部による照明光射出部の外径寸法の拡大を抑えることができ、体内に挿入する際の侵襲性を低減することができる。
このようにすることで、第2挿入部の光検出部により検出された被写体における反射光の強度情報を送信部によって第2内視鏡システムから第1内視鏡システムに信号で発信する。そして、第1内視鏡システムの受信部が第2内視鏡システムの送信部からの信号を受信し、受信された信号が画像形成部に入力して画像を生成する。すなわち、第1および第2内視鏡システム間を無線接続することにより、第1内視鏡システムに依存せず、コードが絡まる等の問題もなく、操作の自由度をさらに向上することができる。
本実施形態に係る走査型内視鏡システム1は、図1および図2に示されるように、患者に挿入される第1挿入部(照明光射出部)2および第2挿入部(光検出部)3と、第1挿入部2に接続された光源部(光源)4と、第2挿入部3に接続された画像取得部5と、第1挿入部2、光源部4および画像取得部5を制御する制御部6と、画像取得部5により取得された画像を表示するディスプレイ7とを備えている。
第1挿入部2と第2挿入部3とは別部材により構成され、相対的に自由に移動することができるようになっている。また、光源部4、画像取得部5および制御部6は、筐体部100によりケーシングされている。
光走査部9は、例えば、圧電素子であって、入力される電圧に応じて光ファイバ8に屈曲振動を発生させるようになっている。
光走査部9は、例えば、アクチュエータであり、図3および図4に示されるように、振動伝達可能な部材で構成され、光ファイバ8を保持する光ファイバ保持部材91と、該光ファイバ保持部材91の外周に配置される圧電素子92a,92b,92c,92dと、該圧電素子92a,92b,92c,92dおよび光ファイバ保持部材91を被覆するアクチュエータ管93と、該アクチュエータ管93を保護部材11に固定する取付環94とを備えている。
光ファイバ保持部材91は、図4および図5に示されるように、四角柱状であり、4つの側面がそれぞれ光ファイバ8の射出端8aにおける光の射出方向(光軸方向)に垂直であると共に互いに直交している。すなわち、光ファイバ保持部材91の4つの側面は、図4に示されるように+z方向に垂直であり、且つ、図5に示されるように互いに直交するように+x方向、+y方向、-x方向、-y方向に向いている。
画像取得部5は、光ファイバ14の受光端において受光され、光ファイバ14内を導光されてきた反射光を光電変換するアバランシェフォトダイオード等の光検出部16と、該光検出部16により検出された反射光の強度に基づいたアナログ信号をデジタル信号に変換するA/Dコンバータ17と、該A/Dコンバータ17からの出力に基づいて画像を形成する画像形成部18とを備えている。
本実施形態に係る走査型内視鏡システム1を用いて患者の体内の観察を行うには、まず、第2挿入部3を体内に挿入し、次いで、第1挿入部2を体内に挿入する。
すなわち、光走査部9による光ファイバ8の射出端8aの振幅で設定される照明光の照明範囲が、第2挿入部3の光ファイバ14の受光範囲を超えていた場合に、図7に矢印で示されるように、第2挿入部3を被写体から遠ざける方向に第1挿入部2に対して相対的に移動させるだけで、照明範囲を網羅する撮像画角を実現することができる。
また、被写体の微細構造を観察したい場合に、図8に示されるように、第1挿入部2の射出端を被写体に近接させることが行われる。この場合に、第1挿入部2と同時に第2挿入部3を被写体に近接させる必要がないので、第2挿入部3を構成する光ファイバ14の受光端に過大な強度の反射光を入射させずに済み、画像にハレーションが発生することを抑制することができるという利点もある。
なお、送信部27および受信部28は、それぞれ、第1内視鏡システム29および第2内視鏡システム30のどこに配置されていてもよい。
この場合、光検出部16は、ダイクロックプリズム等の光学素子と、各色用のアバランシェフォトダイオード等の光電変換素子とから構成される。
また、本実施形態では、光検出部16は、画像取得部5ではなく第2挿入部3に設けられていてもよい。
2 第1挿入部(照明光射出部)
3 第2挿入部(光検出部)
4 光源部(光源)
9 光走査部
18 画像形成部
23 光検出部
27 送信部
28 受信部
29 第1内視鏡システム
30 第2内視鏡システム
100 筐体部
Claims (8)
- 光源から発せられた照明光を被写体に向けてスポット状に射出する照明光射出部と、
該照明光射出部から射出される前記照明光を前記被写体上で走査させる光走査部と、
前記照明光射出部に対して相対移動可能に設けられ、前記光走査部により前記照明光が走査された前記被写体の走査位置からの反射光を検出する光検出部とを備える走査型内視鏡システム。 - 患者の体内に挿入される第1挿入部および第2挿入部と、
前記第1挿入部および前記第2挿入部の基端側が接続され、患者の体外に配置される筐体部とを備え、
前記照明光射出部が、前記第1挿入部に設けられ、
前記光検出部が、前記第2挿入部に設けられている請求項1に記載の走査型内視鏡システム。 - 患者の体内に挿入される第1挿入部および第2挿入部と、
前記第1挿入部および前記第2挿入部の基端側が接続され、患者の体外に配置される筐体部とを備え、
前記照明光射出部が、前記第1挿入部に設けられ、
前記光検出部が、前記筐体部に設けられ、前記第2挿入部において受光された前記反射光を検出する請求項1に記載の走査型内視鏡システム。 - 前記第2挿入部を複数備える請求項2または請求項3に記載の走査型内視鏡システム。
- 前記光検出部が複数備えられ、
前記第1挿入部が、少なくとも1つの前記光検出部を備える請求項2から請求項4のいずれかに記載の走査型内視鏡システム。 - 前記光検出部が複数備えられ、
前記第1挿入部において受光された前記反射光を、前記筐体部に設けられた少なくとも1つの前記光検出部により検出する請求項2から請求項4のいずれかに記載の走査型内視鏡システム。 - 前記第1挿入部で受光する反射光の受光面積が、前記第2挿入部で受光する反射光の受光面積よりも小さい請求項5または請求項6に記載の走査型内視鏡システム。
- 前記第2挿入部と、該第2挿入部の前記光検出部により検出された前記反射光に基づく信号を送信する送信部とを備える第2内視鏡システムと、
前記第1挿入部と、前記送信部により送信された前記信号を受信する受信部と、該受信部により受信された前記信号から画像を生成する画像形成部とを備える第1内視鏡システムとを備える請求項2から請求項7のいずれかに記載の走査型内視鏡システム。
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CN110996755A (zh) * | 2017-08-17 | 2020-04-10 | 270外科有限公司 | 直径可变的多机位医疗手术照明装置 |
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US10702349B2 (en) * | 2018-02-20 | 2020-07-07 | Ethicon Llc | Robotic surgical instrument communication |
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JP2013000387A (ja) * | 2011-06-17 | 2013-01-07 | Konica Minolta Advanced Layers Inc | 内視鏡 |
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