WO2016194504A1 - Dispositif d'affichage et composant électronique - Google Patents

Dispositif d'affichage et composant électronique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016194504A1
WO2016194504A1 PCT/JP2016/062497 JP2016062497W WO2016194504A1 WO 2016194504 A1 WO2016194504 A1 WO 2016194504A1 JP 2016062497 W JP2016062497 W JP 2016062497W WO 2016194504 A1 WO2016194504 A1 WO 2016194504A1
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Prior art keywords
substrate
display device
layer
particles
polymer material
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PCT/JP2016/062497
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
万吉 吉原
浅岡　聡子
由威 石井
伊藤　大介
知明 鈴木
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ソニー株式会社
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Publication of WO2016194504A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016194504A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1675—Constructional details
    • G02F1/1677—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. reflectors or illuminating devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/166—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect
    • G02F1/167—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect by electrophoresis

Definitions

  • the present technology relates to a display device including an electrophoretic element and an electronic apparatus including the display device.
  • a display various displays such as a cholesteric liquid crystal display, an electrophoretic display, an electrooxidation reduction display, and a twist ball display have been proposed, but a reflective display is advantageous for reading applications.
  • a reflective display is advantageous for reading applications.
  • bright display is performed using reflection (scattering) of external light as in the case of paper, so that display quality closer to that of paper can be obtained.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a display device in which charged particles are dispersed in an insulating liquid and a porous layer is disposed. In this display device, charged particles move through the pores of the porous layer according to the electric field.
  • the porous layer includes, for example, a fibrous structure made of a polymer material, and non-electrophoretic particles that are held by the fibrous structure and have different optical reflection characteristics from the charged particles.
  • a partition that partitions a plurality of cells between opposing substrates is provided to prevent biased charged particles and the like, thereby suppressing display unevenness.
  • the porous layer is easily sandwiched between the partition wall and the substrate in manufacturing, and when the porous layer is white, the partition wall is always displayed in white and the contrast is increased. There was a problem that decreased. Further, even if the porous layer is not sandwiched, there is a problem that the contrast is lowered due to reflection of the pixel electrode.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses an image display device in which a light shielding film is provided on the entire surface of the lower electrode, for example.
  • white electrophoretic particles may still be caught between the partition walls and the substrate, and it is estimated that it is difficult to sufficiently improve the contrast.
  • Patent Document 3 discloses an information display panel in which an insulating colored layer is provided between a substrate and a partition, but the adhesion between the colored layer and the substrate is not sufficiently ensured. There was a problem that the mechanical reliability was low.
  • a display device is formed of a fibrous structure while being provided between a first substrate, a second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate, and the first substrate and the second substrate.
  • a display element including migrating particles that move between the porous layer and the gap between the porous layers, a partition extending in the stacking direction of the first substrate and the second substrate, and at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate of the partition
  • a reflection suppression layer provided on an end surface facing one side, the reflection suppression layer including a polymer material and colored particles, and the volume fraction of the colored particles is 5% with respect to the polymer material. It is 40% or less.
  • An electronic apparatus includes the display device according to the embodiment of the present technology.
  • the partition wall extending in the stacking direction of the first substrate and the second substrate arranged to face each other is provided on at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate.
  • a reflection suppressing layer was provided on the facing end surface.
  • the reflection suppressing layer includes a polymer material and colored particles, and the volume fraction of the colored particles is 5% or more and 40% or less with respect to the polymer material, thereby suppressing reflection of the partition wall portion.
  • the adhesion between the reflection suppressing layer and the substrate is maintained.
  • the display device of one embodiment of the present technology at least the first substrate and the second substrate of the partition walls extending in the stacking direction of the first substrate and the second substrate arranged to face each other.
  • An end surface facing one side is provided with a reflection suppressing layer including a polymer material and colored particles, and the volume fraction of the colored particles is 5% or more and 40% or less with respect to the polymer material.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view illustrating a configuration of an electrophoretic element used in the display device illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the operation of the display device shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the operation of the display device shown in FIG. 1.
  • 14 is a perspective view illustrating an appearance of application example 1.
  • FIG. 4B is a perspective view illustrating another example of the electronic book illustrated in FIG. 4A.
  • 12 is a perspective view illustrating an appearance of application example 2.
  • FIG. It is a characteristic view showing the relationship between the presence or absence of a black layer and the composition and adhesion of the black layer. It is a characteristic view showing the relationship between the composition of a black layer and the number of defective cells.
  • Embodiment (display device provided with black layer on bottom of partition wall) 1-1. Configuration of display device 1-2. Manufacturing method 1-3. Preferred display method 1-4. Action / Effect Application example (electronic equipment) 3. Example
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a cross-sectional configuration of a display device (display device 1) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the display device 1 is a display device that displays an image by generating contrast using an electrophoretic phenomenon, and is applied to various electronic devices such as an electronic paper display.
  • the display device 1 includes, for example, an electrophoretic element 30 as a display layer between a driving substrate 10 and a counter substrate 20 that are arranged to face each other with a partition wall 40 interposed therebetween.
  • at least one end face of the partition wall 40 extending in the stacking direction of the drive substrate 10 and the counter substrate 20 has a configuration in which, for example, a black layer 42 exhibiting black is provided as a reflection suppressing layer.
  • a TFT Thin Film Transistor
  • a protective layer 13 a pixel electrode 14
  • the TFT 12 and the pixel electrode 14 are arranged in a matrix or a segment, for example, depending on the pixel arrangement.
  • the support member 11 is formed of, for example, one or more of inorganic materials, metal materials, plastic materials, and the like.
  • the inorganic material is, for example, silicon (Si), silicon oxide (SiO x ), silicon nitride (SiN x ), aluminum oxide (AlO x ), or the like. Etc. are included.
  • the metal material include aluminum (Al), nickel (Ni), and stainless steel.
  • the plastic material include polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyethyl ether ketone (PEEK), cycloolefin polymer (COP), polyimide (PI), and polyether sulfone (PES). Etc.
  • the support member 11 may be light transmissive or non-light transmissive.
  • the support member 11 may be a rigid substrate such as a wafer, or may be a flexible thin glass or film. However, since a flexible (foldable) electronic paper display can be realized, it is desirable to be made of a flexible material.
  • the TFT 12 is a switching element for selecting a pixel.
  • the TFT 12 may be an inorganic TFT using an inorganic semiconductor layer as a channel layer, or an organic TFT using an organic semiconductor layer.
  • the protective layer 13 is made of an insulating resin material such as polyimide, for example.
  • the pixel electrode 14 is formed of a metal material such as gold (Au), silver (Ag), or copper (Cu).
  • the pixel electrode 14 is connected to the TFT 12 through a contact hole (not shown) provided in the protective layer 13.
  • an adhesive layer 15 and a seal layer (sealing layer) 16 are provided on the pixel electrode 14, for example.
  • the adhesive layer 15 is for adhering the drive substrate 10 and the seal layer 16 and is made of, for example, an acrylic resin or a urethane resin.
  • a rubber-based adhesive sheet or the like may be used.
  • the sealing layer 16 is for sealing an insulating liquid (an insulating liquid 31 to be described later) in the electrophoretic element 30 and for preventing moisture and the like from entering the electrophoretic element 30. It is composed of a photocurable acrylic resin, urethane resin, rubber adhesive sheet, or the like.
  • the counter substrate 20 includes, for example, a support member 21 and a counter electrode 22, and the counter electrode 22 is provided on the entire surface of the support member 21 (a surface facing the drive substrate 10).
  • the support member 21 is made of the same material as the support member 11 except that it is light transmissive. This is because the image is displayed on the upper surface (display surface S1) of the counter substrate 20, and thus the support member 21 is required to be light transmissive.
  • the thickness of the support member 21 is, for example, 1 ⁇ m to 250 ⁇ m.
  • the counter electrode 22 includes one or more of conductive materials (transparent conductive materials) having translucency.
  • the conductive material include light transmissive conductive materials such as indium oxide-tin oxide (ITO), antimony-tin oxide (ATO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), and aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO).
  • Transparent electrode material can be used.
  • the counter electrode 22 is formed, for example, on one surface of the support member 21, for example, the entire displayable region, like the pixel electrode 14. For example, the counter electrode 22 is divided and formed similarly to the pixel electrode 14. You may make it arrange
  • the light transmittance (transmittance) of the counter electrode 22 is preferably as high as possible. 80% or more.
  • the electric resistance of the counter electrode 22 is preferably as low as possible, for example, 100 ⁇ / ⁇ (square) or less.
  • an electrophoretic element 30 that is voltage-controlled is provided as a display element between the driving substrate 10 and the counter substrate 20.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a planar configuration of the display layer of the display device 1, that is, a planar configuration of the electrophoretic element 30.
  • the electrophoretic element 30 includes an electrophoretic particle 32 and a porous layer 33 having a plurality of pores 333 in an insulating liquid 31.
  • the insulating liquid 31 is filled in the space between the driving substrate 10 and the counter substrate 20, and the porous layer 33 is supported by the partition 40, for example.
  • the space filled with the insulating liquid 31 is divided into, for example, a retreat area R1 closer to the pixel electrode 14 and a display area R2 closer to the counter electrode 22 with the porous layer 33 as a boundary. (See FIGS. 3A and 3B). Note that FIG. 2 schematically shows the configuration of the electrophoretic element 30 and may differ from the actual size and shape.
  • the insulating liquid 31 is, for example, one type or two or more types of non-aqueous solvents such as an organic solvent, and specifically includes paraffin or isoparaffin. It is preferable that the viscosity and refractive index of the insulating liquid 31 be as low as possible. This is because the mobility (response speed) of the migrating particles 32 is improved, and the energy (power consumption) required to move the migrating particles 32 is lowered accordingly. In addition, since the difference between the refractive index of the insulating liquid 31 and the refractive index of the porous layer 33 is increased, the light reflectance of the porous layer 33 is increased. Note that a weak conductive liquid may be used instead of the insulating liquid 31.
  • the insulating liquid 31 may contain various materials as necessary. This material is, for example, a colorant, a charge control agent, a dispersion stabilizer, a viscosity modifier, a surfactant or a resin.
  • the migrating particles 32 are one or more electrically movable charged particles dispersed in the insulating liquid 31, and pass through the pores 333 of the porous layer 33 according to the electric field, so that the pixel electrode 14 and the counter electrode Move between the two.
  • the migrating particles 32 also have arbitrary optical reflection characteristics (light reflectivity).
  • the light reflectance of the migrating particles 32 is not particularly limited, but is preferably set so that at least the migrating particles 32 can shield the porous layer 33. This is because contrast (CR) is generated by utilizing the difference between the light reflectance of the migrating particles 32 and the light reflectance of the porous layer 33.
  • the migrating particles 32 are, for example, one kind or two or more kinds of particles (powder) such as an organic pigment, an inorganic pigment, a dye, a carbon material, a metal material, a metal oxide, glass, or a polymer material (resin). .
  • the migrating particles 32 may be pulverized particles or capsule particles of resin solids containing the above-described particles. However, materials corresponding to carbon materials, metal materials, metal oxides, glass, or polymer materials are excluded from materials corresponding to organic pigments, inorganic pigments, or dyes.
  • Organic pigments include, for example, azo pigments, metal complex azo pigments, polycondensed azo pigments, flavanthrone pigments, benzimidazolone pigments, phthalocyanine pigments, quinacridone pigments, anthraquinone pigments, perylene pigments, perinones. Pigments, anthrapyridine pigments, pyranthrone pigments, dioxazine pigments, thioindigo pigments, isoindolinone pigments, quinophthalone pigments or indanthrene pigments.
  • Inorganic pigments include, for example, zinc white, antimony white, carbon black, iron black, titanium boride, bengara, mapico yellow, red lead, cadmium yellow, zinc sulfide, lithopone, barium sulfide, cadmium selenide, calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, Lead chromate, lead sulfate, barium carbonate, lead white or alumina white.
  • the dye include nigrosine dyes, azo dyes, phthalocyanine dyes, quinophthalone dyes, anthraquinone dyes, and methine dyes.
  • the carbon material is, for example, carbon black.
  • the metal material is, for example, gold, silver or copper.
  • metal oxides include titanium oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, barium titanate, potassium titanate, copper-chromium oxide, copper-manganese oxide, copper-iron-manganese oxide, and copper-chromium-manganese oxide. Or copper-iron-chromium oxide.
  • the polymer material is, for example, a polymer compound in which a functional group having a light absorption region in the visible light region is introduced. As long as the polymer compound has a light absorption region in the visible light region, the type of the compound is not particularly limited.
  • the specific forming material of the migrating particles 32 is selected according to the role of the migrating particles 32 in order to cause contrast, for example.
  • the material when the bright display (for example, white display) is performed by the migrating particles 32 is, for example, a metal oxide such as titanium oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, barium titanate, or potassium titanate. Titanium oxide is preferred. This is because it is excellent in electrochemical stability and dispersibility and has high reflectance.
  • the material when dark display (for example, black display) is performed by the migrating particles 32 is, for example, a carbon material or a metal oxide.
  • the carbon material is, for example, carbon black
  • the metal oxide is, for example, copper-chromium oxide, copper-manganese oxide, copper-iron-manganese oxide, copper-chromium-manganese oxide, or copper-iron. -Chromium oxide and the like.
  • a carbon material is preferable. This is because excellent chemical stability, mobility and light absorption are obtained.
  • the content (concentration) of the migrating particles 32 in the insulating liquid 31 is not particularly limited, and is, for example, 0.1 wt% to 10 wt%. This is because shielding (concealment) and mobility of the migrating particles 32 are ensured. In this case, if it is less than 0.1% by weight, the migrating particles 32 may not easily shield the porous layer 33. On the other hand, when the amount is more than 10% by weight, the dispersibility of the migrating particles 32 is lowered, so that the migrating particles 32 are difficult to migrate and may be aggregated in some cases.
  • the average particle diameter of the migrating particles 32 only needs to be smaller than the average pore diameter of the porous layer 33, and is preferably in the range of 0.1 ⁇ m to 1 ⁇ m, for example.
  • the migrating particles 32 are easily dispersed and charged in the insulating liquid 31 over a long period of time and are not easily adsorbed by the porous layer 33.
  • a dispersant or a charge adjusting agent
  • the electrophoretic particles 32 may be subjected to a surface treatment, or both may be used in combination.
  • the dispersing agent is, for example, Solsperse series manufactured by Lubrizol, BYK® series or Anti-Terra® series manufactured by BYK-Chemie, or Span series manufactured by ICI® Americas®.
  • the surface treatment is, for example, rosin treatment, surfactant treatment, pigment derivative treatment, coupling agent treatment, graft polymerization treatment or microencapsulation treatment.
  • graft polymerization treatment, microencapsulation treatment, or a combination thereof is preferable. This is because long-term dispersion stability and the like can be obtained.
  • the surface treatment material is, for example, a material (adsorbing material) having a functional group and a polymerizable functional group that can be adsorbed on the surface of the migrating particle 32.
  • the type of functional group that can be adsorbed is determined according to the material for forming the migrating particles 32.
  • carbon materials such as carbon black are aniline derivatives such as 4-vinylaniline, and metal oxides are organosilane derivatives such as 3- (trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate.
  • the polymerizable functional group include a vinyl group, an acrylic group, and a methacryl group.
  • the material for surface treatment is, for example, a material (graftable material) that can be grafted on the surface of the migrating particles 32 into which a polymerizable functional group is introduced.
  • the graft material preferably has a polymerizable functional group and a dispersing functional group that can be dispersed in the insulating liquid 31 and can maintain dispersibility due to steric hindrance.
  • the polymerizable functional group include a vinyl group, an acrylic group, and a methacryl group.
  • the dispersing functional group is, for example, a branched alkyl group when the insulating liquid 31 is paraffin.
  • a polymerization initiator such as azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) may be used.
  • AIBN azobisisobutyronitrile
  • a material having a functional group capable of being adsorbed on the surface of the migrating particle 32 and an alkyl chain for imparting dispersibility can be used. Examples of such materials include titanate coupling agents (for example, KR-TTS manufactured by Ajinomoto Fine Techno Co., Ltd.) and aluminate coupling agents.
  • the porous layer 33 is, for example, a three-dimensional solid structure (irregular network structure such as a nonwoven fabric) formed by a fibrous structure 331 as shown in FIG.
  • the porous layer 33 has a plurality of gaps (pores 333) through which the migrating particles 32 pass in places where the fibrous structure 331 does not exist.
  • the fibrous structure 331 includes one or more non-migrating particles 332, and the non-migrating particles 332 are held by the fibrous structure 331.
  • the porous layer 33 which is a three-dimensional structure, one fibrous structure 331 may be entangled at random, or a plurality of fibrous structures 331 may be gathered and overlap at random. However, both may be mixed.
  • each fibrous structure 331 preferably holds one or more non-migrating particles 332.
  • FIG. 2 shows a case where the porous layer 33 is formed by a plurality of fibrous structures 331.
  • the porous layer 33 is a three-dimensional structure
  • the irregular three-dimensional structure easily causes external light to be irregularly reflected (multiple scattering), so that the light reflectance of the porous layer 33 increases and the high light
  • the porous layer 33 can be thin in order to obtain the reflectance.
  • the contrast increases and the energy required to move the migrating particles 32 decreases.
  • the migrating particles 32 can easily pass through the pores 333. As a result, the time required to move the migrating particles 32 is shortened, and the energy required to move the migrating particles 32 is also reduced.
  • the reason why the non-migrating particles 332 are included in the fibrous structure 331 is that the light reflectance of the porous layer 33 is higher because external light is more easily diffusely reflected. Thereby, contrast becomes higher.
  • the shape (appearance) of the fibrous structure 331 is not particularly limited as long as the fibrous structure 331 has a sufficiently long length with respect to the fiber diameter as described above. Specifically, it may be linear, may be curled, or may be bent in the middle. Moreover, you may branch to 1 or 2 or more directions on the way, not only extending in one direction.
  • the formation method of the fibrous structure 331 is not particularly limited. For example, a phase separation method, a phase inversion method, an electrostatic (electric field) spinning method, a melt spinning method, a wet spinning method, a dry spinning method, a gel spinning method, A sol-gel method or a spray coating method is preferred. This is because a fibrous material having a sufficiently large length with respect to the fiber diameter can be easily and stably formed.
  • the average fiber diameter of the fibrous structure 331 is not particularly limited, but is preferably as small as possible. This is because light easily diffuses and the average pore diameter of the pores 333 increases. For this reason, it is preferable that the average fiber diameter of the fibrous structure 331 is 10 micrometers or less. In addition, although the minimum of an average fiber diameter is not specifically limited, For example, it is 0.1 micrometer and may be less than that. This average fiber diameter is measured, for example, by microscopic observation using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) or the like. Note that the average length of the fibrous structure 331 may be arbitrary.
  • the pore 333 is formed by overlapping a plurality of fibrous structures 331 or entwining one fibrous structure 331.
  • the average pore diameter of the pores 333 is not particularly limited, but is preferably as large as possible. This is because the migrating particles 32 easily pass through the pores 333. Therefore, the average pore diameter of the pores 333 is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the porous layer 33 is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 5 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m. This is because the shielding property of the porous layer 33 is enhanced and the migrating particles 32 easily pass through the pores 333.
  • the fibrous structure 33 for example, one or two or more of polymer materials or inorganic materials are included, and other materials may be included.
  • the polymer material include nylon, polylactic acid, polyamide, polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl carbazole, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, polystyrene, polyvinyl alcohol, polysulfone, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyhexa Fluoropropylene, cellulose acetate, collagen, gelatin, chitosan or copolymers thereof.
  • the inorganic material is, for example, titanium oxide.
  • a polymer material is preferable as a material for forming the fibrous structure 331. This is because the reactivity (photoreactivity, etc.) is low (chemically stable), so that an unintended decomposition reaction of the fibrous structure 331 is suppressed. Note that in the case where the fibrous structure 331 is formed of a highly reactive material, the surface of the fibrous structure 331 is preferably covered with an arbitrary protective layer.
  • the fibrous structure 331 is preferably a nanofiber. Since the three-dimensional structure is complicated and external light is likely to be diffusely reflected, the light reflectance of the porous layer 33 is further increased, and the volume ratio of the pores 333 to the unit volume of the porous layer 33 is increased. This is because the migrating particles 32 can easily pass through the pores 333. Thereby, the contrast becomes higher and the energy required to move the migrating particles 32 becomes lower.
  • Nanofiber is a fibrous substance having a fiber diameter of 0.001 ⁇ m to 0.1 ⁇ m and a length that is 100 times or more of the fiber diameter.
  • the fibrous structure 331 that is a nanofiber is preferably formed by an electrospinning method using a polymer material. This is because the fibrous structure 331 having a small fiber diameter can be easily and stably formed.
  • This fibrous structure 331 preferably has an optical reflection characteristic different from that of the migrating particles 32.
  • the light reflectance of the fibrous structure 331 is not particularly limited, but is preferably set so that at least the porous layer 33 can shield the migrating particles 32 as a whole. As described above, this is because contrast is generated by utilizing the difference between the light reflectance of the migrating particles 32 and the light reflectance of the porous layer 33.
  • Non-electrophoretic particles 332 are particles that are fixed to the fibrous structure 331 and do not migrate electrically. As long as the non-migrating particles 332 are held by the fibrous structure 331, the non-migrating particles 332 may be partially exposed from the fibrous structure 331 or embedded therein.
  • the specific forming material of the non-migrating particles 332 is selected according to the role played by the non-migrating particles 332 in order to generate contrast, for example.
  • the non-migrating particles 332 that have a light reflectance different from that of the migrating particles 32 are used.
  • the non-electrophoretic particle 332 displays brightly
  • the non-electrophoretic particle 332 displays darkly the electrophoretic particle 32 displays darkly.
  • the non-migrating particles 332 are preferably metal oxides and more preferably titanium oxide. Thereby, it is possible to obtain excellent chemical stability, fixability and light reflectivity.
  • the constituent materials of the non-migrating particles 332 and the migrating particles 32 may be the same as long as contrast can be generated.
  • porous layer 33 may be in contact with either the pixel electrode 14 or the counter electrode 22, and a retreat area R1 and a display area R2, which will be described later, may not be clearly separated (see FIG. 3A, see FIG. 3B).
  • the migrating particles 32 move toward the pixel electrode 14 or the counter electrode 22 according to the electric field.
  • the partition 40 extends in the stacking direction of the drive substrate 10 and the counter substrate 20, and the partition 40 is adjusted to a predetermined distance between the drive substrate 10 and the counter substrate 20.
  • the partition 40 is provided, for example, in contact with the drive substrate 10 (specifically, the seal layer 16) and the counter substrate 20 (specifically, the counter electrode 22). Is divided into a plurality of cells 41.
  • the electrophoretic element 30 the electrophoretic particles 32 are accommodated in the respective cells 41 by the partition walls 40, and movement of the electrophoretic particles 32 between the cells 41 is suppressed. Thereby, the occurrence of display unevenness due to diffusion, convection, aggregation and the like of the migrating particles 32 is suppressed.
  • the partition 40 is made of, for example, an insulating polymer material.
  • the structure of the partition 40 is not specifically limited, For example, you may use the sealing material etc. in which microparticles
  • the height (Z direction) of the partition walls 40 is preferably aligned with each other.
  • the distance (gap) between the seal layer 16 and the counter electrode 22 is kept uniform over the entire surface, and the electric field strength can be kept constant. Thereby, the unevenness of response speed is eliminated.
  • the height of the partition 40 is, for example, 1 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, and is preferably as thin as possible. Thereby, power consumption can be suppressed.
  • the shape of the partition wall 40 is preferably, for example, a so-called reverse taper shape in which the width (X direction) decreases from the counter substrate 20 toward the drive substrate 10 as shown in FIG.
  • the largest width W1 (the width of the surface facing the counter substrate 20) is preferably, for example, 5 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, and the smallest width W2 (the width of the surface facing the driving substrate 10). Is preferably 1 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m, for example.
  • the arrangement shape of the partition walls 40 in the plane between the drive substrate 10 and the counter substrate 20 is not particularly limited.
  • the shape of the cell 41 is, for example, a rectangular shape or a regular hexagon (honeycomb structure). It is provided as follows.
  • a black layer 42 is provided as a reflection suppressing layer on the end face of the partition wall 40 facing the drive substrate 10 and the counter substrate 20.
  • the black layer 42 may be formed on either the end face of the partition wall 40 facing the driving substrate 10 or the counter substrate 20, but the surface of the partition wall 40 facing the driving substrate 10 as shown in FIG. Preferably, it is provided on the end surface to be driven, that is, on the surface facing the drive substrate 10.
  • the black layer 42 includes, for example, a polymer material and colored particles.
  • the polymer material preferably has a softening point lower than that of the porous layer 33 (specifically, the fibrous structure 332).
  • nylon, polylactic acid, polyamide, polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate, polyacrylonitrile, poly Examples include methyl methacrylate, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl carbazole, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, polystyrene resin, polyvinyl alcohol, polysulfone, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyhexafluoropropylene, cellulose acetate, collagen, gelatin, chitosan, and copolymers thereof.
  • the colored particles include organic pigments, inorganic pigments, dyes, carbon materials, metal materials, metal oxides, glass, and the like mentioned as materials constituting the migrating particles 32.
  • Specific examples include black titania (titanium oxide), carbon black, copper oxide, and aniline black.
  • the ratio of the polymer material and the colored particles constituting the black layer 42 is defined by, for example, the volume fraction.
  • the volume fraction of the colored particles contained in the polymer material is preferably 5% or more and 40% or less, and more preferably 15% or more and 30% or less.
  • the adhesion and sealing properties between the black layer 42 and the drive substrate 10 specifically, the seal layer 16
  • the colored particles contained in the polymer material are less than 5%, the reflection of the pixel electrode 14 and the residue of the porous layer 33 sandwiched between the black layer 42 and the driving substrate 10 at the time of manufacture are sufficiently obtained. It becomes difficult to shield.
  • the sealing material 43 is for sealing the electrophoretic element 30 between the driving substrate 10 and the counter substrate 20, and is made of, for example, an insulating material such as a polymer material like the partition 40. ing. By providing the sealing material 43, it is possible to suppress intrusion of moisture or the like into the electrophoretic element 30 from the outside.
  • a sealing material containing fine particles may be used as the sealing material 43.
  • the thickness of the sealing material 43 is substantially the same as the height of the partition wall 40, that is, the gap.
  • the sealing material 43 may protrude from the periphery of the drive substrate 10 or the counter substrate 20.
  • the display device 1 of the present embodiment can be formed by, for example, the following method.
  • the counter electrode 22 is provided on one surface of the support member 21 by using an existing method such as various film forming methods, and the counter substrate 20 is formed.
  • the partition 40 is formed on the counter electrode 22.
  • the partition 40 can be formed by, for example, the following imprint method. First, a solution containing a constituent material (for example, a photosensitive resin material) of the partition 40 is applied onto the counter electrode 22. Next, a mold having a recess on the coated surface is pressed and exposed to light, and then the mold is removed. Thereby, the columnar partition 40 is formed. At this time, the partition 40 preferably has a so-called reverse taper in which the width gradually narrows from the counter substrate 20 side to the drive substrate 10 side. Thereby, a type
  • a black layer 42 is formed on the end face of the partition wall 40.
  • the black layer 42 can be formed, for example, by thermally transferring a black sheet made of acrylic resin and black titania to the partition wall 40.
  • the fibrous structure 331 is disposed between the adjacent partition walls 40, that is, in the cell 41.
  • polyacrylonitrile as a fibrous structure 331 is dispersed or dissolved in N, N′-dimethylformamide, and, for example, titanium oxide is added as non-electrophoretic particles 332 and sufficiently stirred to obtain a polymer solution (spinning). Solution).
  • the spinning solution is used to spin on another substrate by, for example, an electrostatic spinning method.
  • the fibrous structure 331 is formed by a phase separation method, a phase inversion method, a melt spinning method, a wet spinning method, a dry spinning method, a gel spinning method, a sol-gel method, a spray coating method, or the like instead of the electrostatic spinning method. May be.
  • the fibrous structure 331 is divided into an appropriate size and placed in each cell 41. Specifically, the fibrous structure 331 is rubbed off by the partition wall 40 (specifically, the black layer 42) by pressing the fibrous structure 331 from above (the direction opposite to the support member 21). The cut fibrous structure 331 is accommodated between the partition walls 40. In this manner, the porous layer 33 in which the non-electrophoretic particles 332 are held in the fibrous structure 331 can be formed for each cell 41.
  • the display device 1 is completed through the above steps.
  • the black layer 42 is formed on the partition wall 40 and then the seal layer 16 is bonded.
  • the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the black layer 42 is disposed on the seal layer 16, and then the partition wall 40. You may make it stick together. If the black layer 42 can be arrange
  • the migrating particles 32 are arranged in the retreat area R1 (FIG. 3A). In this case, since the migrating particles 32 are shielded by the porous layer 33 in all the pixels, no contrast is generated when the electrophoretic element 30 is viewed from the counter substrate 20 side (an image is not displayed). Is in a state.
  • the migrating particles 32 are moved from the retreat area R1 to the porous layer 33 for each pixel. It moves to the display area R2 via (pore 333).
  • a contrast is generated. become. Thereby, an image is displayed.
  • the electrophoretic element 30 having a high response speed can display a high-quality image suitable for colorization and moving image display, for example.
  • a partition that partitions a display area in which the electrophoretic element is arranged into a plurality of cells is provided.
  • a white porous layer is sandwiched between the partition wall and the substrate during manufacturing, or the partition wall portion always displays white as viewed from the display surface due to reflection of the pixel electrode. There is a problem that the contrast is lowered.
  • a resin film in which black particles are dispersed or a metal film in which a metal such as chromium (Cr) is blackened is provided on a part of the substrate (for example, on the pixel electrode) or the entire surface. It is possible. However, when these resin films and metal films are partially patterned, position shift is likely to occur due to the pressure applied during the manufacturing process and the expansion and contraction of the substrate due to heat, and the contrast is reduced due to reflection of the electrode surface. There is playfulity.
  • the resistance of the resin film or metal film is equal to or higher than the cell resistance (resistance in the particle driving area)
  • a voltage is applied to the resin film or metal film. Distributed. For this reason, the voltage applied to the region where the migrating particles are driven becomes small, which may not lead to an improvement in contrast.
  • the resistance of the resin film or the metal film is too small, fine display becomes difficult due to the influence of the lateral electric field if the pixel electrode is patterned.
  • white particles and fibers may be sandwiched between the partition walls and the substrate when the upper and lower substrates are bonded together, so it is difficult to say that this is an effective means for eliminating the decrease in contrast. Note that, when particles or fibers are sandwiched between the partition wall and the substrate, the particles move from the gap, which causes problems such as display unevenness and lowering of the adhesion between the upper and lower substrates.
  • At least one end surface of the partition 40 extending in the stacking direction of the drive substrate 10 and the counter substrate 20 (here, the end surface in contact with the drive substrate 10) has a high height.
  • a black layer 42 containing molecular material and colored particles was provided.
  • the black layer 42 has a configuration in which the volume fraction of the colored particles with respect to the polymer material is 5% or more and 40% or less. As a result, the adhesion between the drive substrate 10 and the partition 40 (specifically, the black layer 42) is maintained while suppressing reflection of the partition 40 portion.
  • At least one end surface of partition 40 (here, the end surface in contact with drive substrate 10) includes the polymer material and the colored particles, and the polymer material is colored.
  • the black layer 42 having a configuration in which the volume fraction of particles is 5% or more and 40% or less is provided.
  • the adhesion between the drive substrate 10 and the partition 40 (specifically, the black layer 42) is maintained while suppressing reflection of the partition 40 when viewed from the display surface.
  • the partition 40 is separated from the drive substrate 10.
  • the reflected light from the sandwiched porous layer 33 and the pixel electrode 14 is shielded. Therefore, the contrast of the display device 1 can be improved. Moreover, the adhesiveness of the black layer 42 and the drive board
  • substrate 10 is hold
  • the display device 1 of the present technology can be applied to electronic devices for various uses, and the type of the electronic device is not particularly limited.
  • the display device 1 can be mounted on, for example, the following electronic devices.
  • the configuration of the electronic device described below is merely an example, and the configuration can be changed as appropriate.
  • the electronic book includes, for example, a display unit 110, a non-display unit 120, and an operation unit 130.
  • the operation unit 130 may be provided on the front surface of the non-display unit 120 as shown in FIG. 4A or may be provided on the upper surface as shown in FIG. 4B.
  • the display unit 110 is configured by the display device 1.
  • the display device 1 may be mounted on a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) having the same configuration as the electronic book shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B.
  • PDA Personal Digital Assistant
  • FIG. 5 shows the appearance of a tablet personal computer.
  • the tablet personal computer has, for example, a touch panel unit 210 and a housing 220, and the touch panel unit 210 is configured by the display device 1.
  • an electrophoretic element having black (dark display) migrating particles and a white (bright display) porous layer (particle-containing fibrous structure) is provided, and a black layer is formed on the bottom surface of the partition wall in contact with the driving substrate.
  • the precipitate after decantation was redispersed in a mixed solvent of tetrahydrofuran and methanol (volume ratio 1: 1), followed by centrifugation (at 6000 rpm for 10 minutes) and decantation.
  • the precipitate obtained by repeating this washing operation three times was dried overnight in a vacuum oven at 70 ° C. As a result, black electrophoretic particles coated with a dispersing group were obtained.
  • This washing operation was repeated three times, and an insulating liquid was added to the resulting precipitate so that the pigment component was 10% by weight. Subsequently, to this insulating liquid 76.7 g, 3.34 g of OLOA 1200 and 20 g of the electrophoretic particle dispersion were added and stirred to obtain an insulating liquid containing an additive and a black pigment.
  • the porous layer was formed as follows. First, titanium oxide having an average primary particle size of 450 nm is prepared as non-electrophoretic particles, mixed to 4 wt% in tetrahydrofuran in which a carboxylic acid anionic surfactant is dissolved, and 1 using a paint shaker. Stir for hours. Then, it is centrifuged (5000 rpm for 10 minutes), and the solvent is removed by decantation. After washing 3 times, it was dried at 70 ° C. overnight. As a result, titanium oxide coated with a carboxylic acid anionic surfactant was obtained.
  • polymethyl methacrylate was prepared as a constituent material of the fibrous structure.
  • 13 g of this polymethyl methacrylate was dissolved in 84 g of N, N′-dimethylformamide, 0.5 g of titanium oxide having a primary particle size of 450 nm as non-electrophoretic particles was added to 6.5 g of this solution and mixed with a bead mill.
  • a spinning solution for forming a fibrous structure was obtained.
  • This spinning solution was put into a syringe, and spinning with a basis weight of 1.2 mg / cm 2 was performed on the substrate using an electrospinning device (NANON manufactured by MEC Co., Ltd.).
  • a photo-curing resin photosensitive resin Photo Rec A-400 manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • the sealing material was provided along the outer periphery of the partition wall having a height of 30 ⁇ m, a width of 10 ⁇ m, and a pitch of 200 ⁇ m and a PET film.
  • thermoplastic polyurethane A containing carbon black (colored particles) on the partition wall (specifically, the end surface in contact with the driving substrate) (softening point: 102 ° C., carbon black contained in the thermoplastic polyurethane A)
  • the black layer was formed by thermally transferring a 10 ⁇ m thick black sheet having a volume fraction of 15%). Then, after dividing
  • thermoplastic polyurethane A film was formed as a sealing layer
  • electrophoretic element provided on the PET film was sealed.
  • a film substrate (driving substrate) provided with TFTs and pixel electrodes was bonded through an adhesive layer to produce a display device (Experimental Example 1).
  • thermoplastic polyurethane B softening point: 150 ° C. or higher
  • Experimental Example 2 volume fraction of carbon black with respect to thermoplastic polyurethane B 15%
  • thermoplasticity Experimental examples 2 and 3 using polyurethane C softening point; 52 ° C., experimental example 3; volume fraction of carbon black with respect to thermoplastic polyurethane C 15%
  • Experimental Example 4 in which a black layer was not formed was produced. Using these Experimental Examples 1 to 4, the surface adhesion between the counter substrate (specifically, the black layer) and the driving substrate was compared.
  • FIG. 6 is a comparison of the surface adhesion of Experimental Examples 1 to 4. From FIG. 6, it was found that the adhesion strength between the counter substrate and the driving substrate is improved by providing the black layer. Further, since the display device of Experimental Example 1 had higher surface adhesion than Experimental Example 2, that is, the polymer material used as the black layer was the same polymer material as that constituting the seal layer. It can be said that it is preferable to use it.
  • FIG. 7 compares the number of defective cells generated after pressing 10 times in Experimental Example 1 and Experimental Example 3. As can be seen from FIG. 7, in Experimental Example 1, defective cells were generated after pressing 10 times, whereas in Experimental Example 3, no defective cells were generated.
  • thermoplastic polyurethane C has a softening point lower than that of thermoplastic polyurethane A and is easy to flow, so that the contact area with the sealing layer is increased and the movement of particles between cells can be further prevented. Is done. Moreover, even if it has a high softening point such as thermoplastic polyurethane A, it is considered that the same effect can be obtained by sealing at a high temperature, but the softening point of polymethyl methacrylate constituting the porous layer Since the temperature is 80 ° C., application of a temperature higher than that is not preferred because the structure of the porous layer may be destroyed. That is, the polymer material constituting the black layer is the same material as the material constituting the seal layer or a material close thereto, and the porous layer (specifically, fibrous structure). A lower one than the softening point can be said to be preferable.
  • thermoplastic polyurethane C is used as the polymer material constituting the black layer
  • carbon black is used as the colored particles
  • the volume fraction of carbon black relative to thermoplastic polyurethane C is 0% (Experimental Example 5-1), 3% (Experimental example 5-2) 5% (Experimental example 5-3), 8% (Experimental example 5-4), 16% (Experimental example 5-5), 25 percent (Experimental example 5-6), 30% (Experimental Example 5-7), 40% (Experimental Example 5-8), 45% (Experimental Example 5-9), and 50% (Experimental Example 5-10) were produced as Experimental Examples 5-1 to 5-10.
  • the possibility of contrast (CR) and adhesion strength was examined. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • the judgment of the possibility of contrast was set as (circle) when the contrast was 10 or more, and x when it was less than 10.
  • the determination of whether or not the adhesion strength was possible was evaluated as ⁇ when the peel strength was 0.5 N / cm or more, and x when the peel strength was less than 0.5 N / cm.
  • the volume fraction of the colored particles with respect to the polymer material is preferably 5% or more and 40% or less. More preferably, it is 15% or more and 30% or less.
  • this technique can also take the following structures. (1) a first substrate, a second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate, a porous layer formed by a fibrous structure and provided between the first substrate and the second substrate; A display element including migrating particles moving in the gap between the porous layers; a partition extending in a stacking direction of the first substrate and the second substrate; and the first substrate and the second substrate of the partition. A reflection suppression layer provided on an end surface facing at least one of the reflection suppression layers, the reflection suppression layer including a polymer material and colored particles, and the volume fraction of the colored particles is 5% with respect to the polymer material.
  • a display device that is 40% or less.
  • the colored particles are composed of at least one of an organic pigment, an inorganic pigment, a dye, a carbon material, a metal material, a metal oxide, or glass, among (1) to (5)
  • the display device according to any one of the above.
  • the display device is provided between the first substrate, the second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate, the first substrate and the second substrate, and is fibrous.
  • a display element including a porous layer formed by a structure and a migrating particle moving in a gap between the porous layers, a partition extending in a stacking direction of the first substrate and the second substrate, and the partition, A reflection suppression layer provided on an end surface facing at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate, the reflection suppression layer including a polymer material and colored particles, and a volume fraction of the colored particles Is an electronic device of 5% to 40% with respect to the polymer material.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)

Abstract

Un dispositif d'affichage selon un mode de réalisation de la présente technologie comprend : un premier substrat ; un second substrat disposé opposé au premier substrat ; un élément d'affichage disposé entre le premier substrat et le second substrat, et qui comprend une couche poreuse formée d'une structure fibreuse et des particules électrophorétiques qui se déplacent à travers des interstices de la couche poreuse ; une paroi de séparation s'étendant dans la direction de stratification du premier substrat et du second substrat ; et une couche anti-réflexion disposée sur une surface d'extrémité de la paroi de séparation faisant face au premier substrat et/ou au second substrat. La couche anti-réflexion est constituée d'un matériau polymère et de particules colorées, et la fraction volumique des particules colorées est de 5 à 40 % par rapport au matériau polymère.
PCT/JP2016/062497 2015-06-03 2016-04-20 Dispositif d'affichage et composant électronique WO2016194504A1 (fr)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005164967A (ja) * 2003-12-02 2005-06-23 Canon Inc 電気泳動表示素子及び電気泳動表示素子の製造方法
JP2007017735A (ja) * 2005-07-08 2007-01-25 Hitachi Displays Ltd 画像表示装置
JP2011242439A (ja) * 2010-05-14 2011-12-01 Mitsubishi Pencil Co Ltd 電気泳動表示媒体の製造方法
JP2014228701A (ja) * 2013-05-22 2014-12-08 大日本印刷株式会社 反射型表示装置
JP2015004912A (ja) * 2013-06-24 2015-01-08 ソニー株式会社 表示装置および電子機器
JP2015090477A (ja) * 2013-11-07 2015-05-11 ソニー株式会社 表示装置および電子機器

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005164967A (ja) * 2003-12-02 2005-06-23 Canon Inc 電気泳動表示素子及び電気泳動表示素子の製造方法
JP2007017735A (ja) * 2005-07-08 2007-01-25 Hitachi Displays Ltd 画像表示装置
JP2011242439A (ja) * 2010-05-14 2011-12-01 Mitsubishi Pencil Co Ltd 電気泳動表示媒体の製造方法
JP2014228701A (ja) * 2013-05-22 2014-12-08 大日本印刷株式会社 反射型表示装置
JP2015004912A (ja) * 2013-06-24 2015-01-08 ソニー株式会社 表示装置および電子機器
JP2015090477A (ja) * 2013-11-07 2015-05-11 ソニー株式会社 表示装置および電子機器

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