WO2016169289A1 - 一种锂离子电池负极浆料的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种锂离子电池负极浆料的制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2016169289A1
WO2016169289A1 PCT/CN2015/098493 CN2015098493W WO2016169289A1 WO 2016169289 A1 WO2016169289 A1 WO 2016169289A1 CN 2015098493 W CN2015098493 W CN 2015098493W WO 2016169289 A1 WO2016169289 A1 WO 2016169289A1
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negative electrode
slurry
lithium ion
ion battery
stirring
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田东
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田东
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04Processes of manufacture in general
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/139Processes of manufacture
    • H01M4/1393Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/139Processes of manufacture
    • H01M4/1391Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • the invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion battery manufacturing, and in particular relates to a method for preparing a lithium ion battery anode slurry.
  • Lithium-ion batteries have the advantages of high operating voltage, high energy density, and no environmental pollution, and are widely used in people's daily life.
  • Lithium ion batteries generally include positive and negative pole pieces, separators, electrolytes, and the like.
  • the active material lithium iron phosphate, graphite, etc.
  • conductive agent conductive carbon black, acetylene black, etc.
  • binder LA132, PVDF, CMC, SBR
  • solvent NMP, H 2 ) O
  • the electrode slurry is mixed together, and then coated on the surface of the current collector as required, and dried to obtain a pole piece.
  • the preparation of the slurry is a key process in the production of the lithium battery.
  • the uniformity of the slurry mixing is directly related to the preparation process and battery performance of the subsequent processes.
  • the negative electrode slurry generally contains graphite, a conductive agent, a binder, a solvent, and the like.
  • the conventional method for preparing a slurry is to first mix a binder with a solvent, add a conductive agent to obtain a conductive paste, and then add an active material to the conductive paste to stir, and finally add a solvent to adjust the viscosity to prepare a slurry suitable for coating. material. Since the conductive agent is a low-polarity lipophilic substance, it is difficult to disperse in an aqueous medium. In addition, when the slurry is mixed by the conventional process, the general solid content of the slurry is low, resulting in poor dispersion of the slurry. And the entire preparation process takes a long time.
  • the general process of the new mixing process is generally as follows: first, the conductive agent is premixed with the active material to obtain a powder mixture, and then the binder solution is added to the mixture to be stirred, and finally the slurry is obtained.
  • This process has been increasingly applied.
  • a large amount of dust is flying in the initial stage of the preparation of the slurry, which has an impact on the environment and personnel.
  • the powder loss caused by the dust flying also affects the slurry. consistency.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a simple, highly efficient, powder-free, lithium ion battery negative electrode slurry preparation method.
  • a method for preparing a negative electrode slurry of a lithium ion battery the specific operation steps are as follows:
  • step 4 adding a conductive agent to the primary slurry prepared in step 3), stirring, to obtain a secondary slurry;
  • step 5 adding the remaining negative active material powder material to the secondary slurry prepared in step 4), stirring, adding a solvent to adjust the viscosity to obtain a lithium ion battery negative electrode slurry having a solid content of 50 to 70%;
  • the mass ratio of the negative electrode active material powder material in the step 3) and the step 5) is (1 to 2):1.
  • the negative electrode active material powder material is one or a mixture of two or more of artificial graphite, natural graphite, and lithium titanate negative electrode material.
  • the binder is an aqueous binder LA132.
  • the conductive agent is at least one of conductive carbon black SP and KS-6.
  • the stirring time in the step 3) is 30 to 60 minutes.
  • the stirring speed in step 3), step 4) and step 5) is not more than 30r/min.
  • step 3 the primary slurry is obtained by stirring at a revolution speed of not more than 30 r/min for 30 to 60 minutes, and in the step 4), stirring is carried out at a revolution speed of not more than 30 r/min for 60 to 240 minutes to obtain a secondary slurry.
  • step 5 the mixture is stirred at a revolution speed of not more than 30 r/min for 60 minutes, and then the solvent is added at a revolution speed of not more than 30 r/min, and the rotation speed of 1500 r/min is stirred for 60 minutes to obtain a solid content of 50 to 70%.
  • Lithium ion battery anode slurry Lithium ion battery anode slurry.
  • the negative electrode slurry of the lithium ion battery of the invention is prepared by first preparing a diluted binder solution, adding a part of the active material to the diluted binder solution, adding a conductive agent, and preparing the remaining active material.
  • the negative electrode slurry of the lithium ion battery has a high solid content, and the conductive agent is added to the mixed slurry of the partial negative electrode active material and the diluted binder solution, thereby improving the solubility of the conductive agent, thereby making the particle size of the negative electrode slurry small and easy. Stable and stable.
  • the preparation method of the negative electrode slurry of the lithium ion battery of the invention adopts the initial wet mixing, high solid content kneading, and then the dilution and stirring operation steps to prepare the negative electrode slurry, that is, the bonding is first added in the initial stage of the mixing process.
  • the agent and the solvent, and then adding a part of the negative electrode active material and the conductive agent, and finally adding the remaining active material eliminating the process of pure powder mixing, avoiding the powder flying caused by dry mixing, and the powder after dry mixing, After the addition of the binder and the solvent, a large amount of powder increases the load of the device, and requires a long mixing time to stir evenly.
  • the present invention uses the active material to be added in batches, and the method of simply mixing the powder is eliminated.
  • the high solid content kneading improves the solid content of the negative electrode slurry, reduces the equipment load, shortens the mixing time, and improves the pulping efficiency.
  • the lithium ion battery negative electrode slurry the negative electrode active material powder material is lithium iron phosphate
  • the conductive agent is a mixture of SP and KS-6
  • the binder is LA132
  • the negative electrode slurry of the lithium ion battery of the present embodiment is prepared by the following method, and the specific operation steps of the method are as follows:
  • step 5 Add the remaining 1/2 lithium iron phosphate to the secondary slurry prepared in step 4), in a double planetary mixer at a revolution speed of 25 r/min for 60 min, finally add deionized water, and 10 r in a double planetary mixer.
  • the revolution speed of /min and the rotation speed of 1500 r/min were stirred for 60 minutes to obtain a negative electrode slurry having a solid content of 60%.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种锂离子电池负极浆料的制备方法,步骤如下,首先用一定量的去离子水将粘合剂稀释,再向稀释后的粘合剂溶液中加入一部分负极材料,搅拌得到初级浆料,然后向初级浆料中加入导电剂,搅拌得到次级浆料,最后向次级浆料中加入余下的负极材料和去离子水,搅拌一段时间后制得负极浆料。本发明取消了单纯的粉体混合过程,在制备浆料过程中先稀释粘合剂,然后再将粉体加入稀释后的粘合剂溶液中。避免了单纯粉体搅拌带来的粉体飞扬等问题,提高了制浆效率。且相比较于现有的合浆工艺,在捏合过程中浆料具有更高的固含量,可以得到更好的分散效果。

Description

一种锂离子电池负极浆料的制备方法 技术领域
本发明属于锂离子电池制造技术领域,具体涉及一种锂离子电池负极浆料的制备方法。
背景技术
锂离子电池具有工作电压高、能量密度高、无环境污染等优点,目前广泛应用于人们的日常生活中。锂离子电池一般包括正、负极极片、隔膜、电解液等。电极极片制备时,首先将活性物质(磷酸铁锂、石墨等)、导电剂(导电炭黑、乙炔黑等)、粘结剂(LA132、PVDF、CMC、SBR)和溶剂(NMP、H2O)一起混合制成电极浆料,再将其按要求涂覆在集流体表面,经过干燥制得极片。
浆料的制备是锂电池生产环节的关键工序,浆料混合的均匀程度直接关系到后续各工序的制备工艺及电池性能。负极浆料一般包含有石墨,导电剂,粘结剂和溶剂等。传统的方法浆料制备方法是先将粘结剂与溶剂混匀,加入导电剂搅拌制得导电胶,然后向导电胶中加入活性材料搅拌,最后加入溶剂调节粘度制得适用于涂布的浆料。由于导电剂属于低极性亲油性物质,在水性介质中分散较为困难。另外,在采用传统工艺合浆时,浆料普遍的固含量偏低,导致浆料的分散效果较差。且整个制备过程耗时较长。
为解决以上问题,目前普遍采用了新的合浆工艺大致流程如下:先将导电剂与活性物质进行预混合得到粉体混合物,然后向混合物中加入粘结剂溶液搅拌,最后制得浆料。此工艺已经越来越多的得到应用。然而,采用粉料预混合的方法,在浆料的制备初期出现大量分粉尘飞扬,一方面对环境及人员产生不量影响,另一方面由于粉尘飞扬造成的粉体损失也影响了浆料的一致性。
因此,研究出一种锂离子电池负极浆料的制备方法,在确保其固含量高的同时,降低其制备过程中粉体飞扬,并提高其分散性,对锂离子电池制备行业的发展具有重大的意义。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的缺陷,本发明的目的提供一种简单高效、无粉体飞扬的锂离子电池负极浆料的制备方法。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案如下:
一种锂离子电池负极浆料的方法制备的,具体操作步骤为:
1)取负极活性物质粉体材料、导电剂和粘合剂;负极活性物质粉体材料、电剂、粘合剂的质量比为(85~96):(2~9):(2~6);
2)在粘合剂中加入溶剂,混合后得到粘合剂溶液;
3)将部分负极活性物质粉体材料加入步骤2)制备的粘合剂溶液中,搅拌,得到初级浆料;
4)将导电剂加入步骤3)制备的初级浆料中,搅拌,得到次级浆料;
5)将剩余的负极活性物质粉体材料加入步骤4)制备的次级浆料中,搅拌,加入溶剂调节粘度得到固含量为50~70%的锂离子电池负极浆料;
其中步骤3)和步骤5)中负极活性物质粉体材料的质量比为(1~2):1。
所述的负极活性物质粉体材料为人造石墨、天然石墨、钛酸锂负极材料中的一种或两种以上的混合。
所述的粘合剂为水性粘合剂LA132。
所述的导电剂为导电炭黑SP、KS-6中的至少一种。
步骤3)中所述搅拌的时间为30~60min。
步骤4)中所述搅拌的时间为60~240min。
步骤3)、步骤4)及步骤5)中搅拌转速不大于30r/min。
浆料制备过程中,步骤3)中以不大于30r/min的公转速度搅拌30~60min得到初级浆料,步骤4)中以不大于30r/min的公转速度搅拌60~240min得到次级浆料,步骤5)中加入溶剂前以不大于30r/min的公转速度搅拌60min后,加入溶剂以不大于30r/min的公转速度,1500r/min的自转速度搅拌60min,得到固含量为50~70%的锂离子电池负极浆料。
本发明锂离子电池负极浆料,采用首先制备出稀释的粘合剂溶液,再取部分活性物质加入稀释的粘合剂溶液,再加入导电剂,剩余的活性物质的制备方法制备得到,本发明锂离子电池负极浆料固含量高,且将导电剂加入部分负极活性物质与稀释的粘合剂溶液的混合浆液中,提高了导电剂的溶解性,进而使负极浆料的粒径小,易于分散稳定。
本发明锂离子电池负极浆料的制备方法,本发明采用初期湿混、高固含量捏合,然后再稀释搅拌的操作步骤制备负极浆料,即在合浆的初期先加入粘合 剂以及溶剂,然后再加入部分负极活性物质和导电剂,最后加入剩余的活性物质,取消了单纯粉体混合的过程,避免了干混造成的粉体飞扬,而且干混后的粉体,在加入粘合剂和溶剂之后,大量的粉体加大了设备的负载,需要较长的混合时间才能搅拌均匀,本发明采用活性物质分批加入,且取消单纯粉体混合的方法,既保证了高固含量捏合,提高了负极浆料的固含量,又减轻了设备负载,缩短混合时间,提高制浆效率。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明,但不构成对本发明的任何限制。
实施例1
本实施例锂离子电池负极浆料,负极活性物质粉体材料为磷酸铁锂,导电剂为SP与KS-6的混合物,粘合剂为LA132,且质量比为:人造石墨:SP:KS-6:LA132=92:3:2:3。
本实施例锂离子电池负极浆料由以下方法制备而得,该方法具体操作步骤如下:
1)按质量比例称取人造石墨、SP、KS-6和LA132;
2)将粘合剂加入去离子水中,得到粘合剂溶液;
3)将人造石墨总量的1/2加入步骤2)制备的粘合剂溶液中,在双行星搅拌机中以25r/min的公转速度分别搅拌60min,得到初级浆料;
4)将SP和KS-6依次全部加入步骤3)制备的初级浆料中,在双行星搅拌机中以25r/min的公转速度分别搅拌90min,得到次级浆料;
5)将剩余的1/2磷酸铁锂加入步骤4)制备的次级浆料中,在双行星搅拌机中以25r/min的公转速度60min,最后加入去离子水,在双行星搅拌机中以10r/min的公转速度、1500r/min的自转速度搅拌60min后制得固含量60%的负极浆料。
实施例2
本实施例锂离子电池负极浆料,负极活性物质粉体材料为天然石墨,导电剂为SP,粘合剂为LA132,且质量比为天然石墨:SP:LA132=93:3.5:3.5。
本实施例锂离子电池负极浆料由以下方法制备而得,该方法具体操作步骤如下:
1)按质量比例称取天然石墨、SP和LA132;
2)将粘合剂加入去离子水中,得到粘合剂溶液;
3)将天然石墨总量的1/2加入步骤2)制备的粘合剂溶液中,在双行星搅拌机中以25r/min的公转速度分别搅拌30min,得到初级浆料;
4)将SP全部加入步骤3)制备的初级浆料中,在双行星搅拌机中以25r/min的公转速度分别搅拌120min,得到次级浆料;
5)将剩余的1/2天然石墨加入步骤4)制备的次级浆料中,在双行星搅拌机中以25r/min的公转速度60min,最后加入去离子水,在双行星搅拌机中以10r/min的公转速度、1500r/min的自转速度搅拌60min后制得固含量65%的负极浆料。
实施例3
本实施例锂离子电池负极浆料,负极活性物质粉体材料为磷酸铁锂,导电剂为SP,粘合剂为LA32,且质量比为钛酸锂:SP:KS-6:LA132=85:5:4:6。
本实施例锂离子电池负极浆料由以下方法制备而得,该方法具体操作步骤如下:
1)按质量比例称取钛酸锂、SP、KS-6和LA132;
2)将粘合剂加入去离子水中,得到粘合剂溶液;
3)将钛酸锂总量的2/3加入步骤2)制备的粘合剂溶液中,在双行星搅拌机中以30r/min的公转速度分别搅拌30min,得到初级浆料;
4)将SP全部加入步骤3)制备的初级浆料中,在双行星搅拌机中以25r/min的公转速度分别搅拌60min,得到次级浆料;
5)将剩余的1/3钛酸锂加入步骤4)制备的次级浆料中,在双行星搅拌机中以25r/min的公转速度60min,最后加入去离子水,在双行星搅拌机中以10r/min的公转速度、1500r/min的自转速度搅拌60min后制得固含量70%的负极浆料。
对比例1
锂离子电池负极浆料配方为人造石墨:SP:KS-6:LA132=92%:3%:2%:3%,制备方法为:1)将粘合剂LA132先稀释,然后依次加入导电剂SP和KS-6分别搅拌60min,然后加入去离子水,在双行星搅拌机中以公转5r/min,自转1800r/min的速度搅拌120min,制得导电胶;2)将人造石墨分三次逐步加入制备好的导电胶中,公转速度25r/min分别搅拌30min。加入去离子水,在双行星搅 拌机中以公转5r/min,自转1800r/min的速度搅拌90min,最后制得固含量60%的负极浆料。
对比例2
锂离子电池负极浆料配方为天然石墨:SP:LA132=93%:3.5%:3.5%,制备方法为:将部分负极活性物质与导电剂SP进行混合搅拌30min,然后加入粘合剂以及部分溶剂以25r/min的公转速度搅拌120min得到初级浆料。将余下的负极活性物质和溶剂加入以25r/min的公转速度搅拌60min,然后以公转5r/min、自转1800r/min的速度进一步搅拌60min,最后制得固含量65%的负极浆料。
检测本发明实施例1、2、3、与对比例1制备的锂离子电池负极浆料的粒径,测定结果如表1所示。
表1实施例和对比例的粒径测试结果
Figure PCTCN2015098493-appb-000001
由表1所示的检测结果表明,本发明实施例1和实施例2制备的浆料粒径明显小于对比例1和对比例2,说明本采用发明方法制备的锂离子电池负极浆料的粒径小,分散均匀程度好,浆料更为稳定。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种锂离子电池负极浆料的制备方法,其制备步骤如下:
    1)取负极活性物质粉体材料、导电剂和粘合剂;负极活性物质粉体材料、电剂、粘合剂的质量比为(85~96)):(2~9):(2~6);
    2)在粘合剂中加入溶剂,混合后得到粘合剂溶液;
    3)将部分负极活性物质粉体材料加入步骤2)制备的粘合剂溶液中,搅拌得到初级浆料;
    4)将导电剂加入步骤3)制备的初级浆料中,搅拌得到次级浆料;
    5)将剩余的负极活性物质粉体材料加入步骤4)制备的次级浆料中,搅拌,加入溶剂调节粘度得到固含量为50~70%的锂离子电池负极浆料。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种锂离子电池负极浆料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤1)所述的负极活性物质粉体材料为人造石墨、天然石墨、钛酸锂负极材料中的一种或两种以上的混合。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种锂离子电池负极浆料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤3)和步骤5)中负极活性物质粉体材料的质量比为(1~2):1。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的一种锂离子电池负极浆料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤1)所述的导电剂为导电炭黑SP、KS-6中的至少一种。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的一种锂离子电池负极浆料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤3)中所述搅拌的时间为30~60min。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的一种锂离子电池负极浆料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤4)中所述搅拌的时间为60~240min。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的一种锂离子电池负极浆料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤3)、步骤4)及步骤5)中搅拌转速不大于30r/min。
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