WO2016167174A1 - 燃料供給装置および燃料供給方法 - Google Patents
燃料供給装置および燃料供給方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016167174A1 WO2016167174A1 PCT/JP2016/061405 JP2016061405W WO2016167174A1 WO 2016167174 A1 WO2016167174 A1 WO 2016167174A1 JP 2016061405 W JP2016061405 W JP 2016061405W WO 2016167174 A1 WO2016167174 A1 WO 2016167174A1
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- fuel
- hydraulic
- piston
- fuel supply
- reciprocating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
- F02M59/20—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
- F02M59/24—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing with constant-length-stroke pistons having variable effective portion of stroke
- F02M59/26—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing with constant-length-stroke pistons having variable effective portion of stroke caused by movements of pistons relative to their cylinders
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02M21/0245—High pressure fuel supply systems; Rails; Pumps; Arrangement of valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M37/04—Feeding by means of driven pumps
- F02M37/08—Feeding by means of driven pumps electrically driven
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M37/04—Feeding by means of driven pumps
- F02M37/12—Feeding by means of driven pumps fluid-driven, e.g. by compressed combustion-air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M37/20—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines characterised by means for preventing vapour lock
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
- F02M59/02—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
- F02M59/10—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive
- F02M59/105—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive hydraulic drive
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
- F02M59/20—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B17/00—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
- F04B17/03—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors
- F04B17/04—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors using solenoids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/06—Control using electricity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
- F02M21/0215—Mixtures of gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Biogas; Mine gas; Landfill gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/24—Fuel-injection apparatus with sensors
- F02M2200/241—Acceleration or vibration sensors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/24—Fuel-injection apparatus with sensors
- F02M2200/245—Position sensors, e.g. Hall sensors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M37/04—Feeding by means of driven pumps
- F02M37/06—Feeding by means of driven pumps mechanically driven
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M39/00—Arrangements of fuel-injection apparatus with respect to engines; Pump drives adapted to such arrangements
- F02M39/02—Arrangements of fuel-injection apparatus to facilitate the driving of pumps; Arrangements of fuel-injection pumps; Pump drives
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
- F02M57/02—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps
- F02M57/022—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps characterised by the pump drive
- F02M57/023—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps characterised by the pump drive mechanical
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
- F02M59/02—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B9/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members
- F04B9/02—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being mechanical
- F04B9/04—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being mechanical the means being cams, eccentrics or pin-and-slot mechanisms
- F04B9/042—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being mechanical the means being cams, eccentrics or pin-and-slot mechanisms the means being cams
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel supply device and a fuel supply method for supplying fuel to an internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine.
- a reciprocating pump is driven by changing a rotary motion to a reciprocating motion using a crankshaft.
- the piston stroke is determined by the crankshaft, so that the piston stroke cannot be freely adjusted.
- each of the reciprocating pumps cannot be controlled independently.
- Patent Document 1 describes a device for increasing the pressure of liquid fuel using a reciprocating pump and supplying the fuel to an engine.
- a piston of a reciprocating pump is driven in the left-right direction, and a “linear hydraulic motor” (hydraulic cylinder unit) is used as a linear actuator for driving the piston.
- the moving direction of the piston of the reciprocating pump is switched by switching the direction of hydraulic oil supplied from the hydraulic pump to the hydraulic cylinder unit with a direction switching valve.
- the reciprocating pump can be driven at a lower speed than when the crankshaft is used. Further, there is an advantage that the piston stroke can be controlled so that the piston moves at a constant speed.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a fuel supply device and a fuel supply method that can suppress cavitation generated in a reciprocating pump.
- a first aspect of the present invention is a fuel supply device that supplies fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, and includes a linear actuator and a boosting piston that is driven by the linear actuator and reciprocates in an axial direction.
- a reciprocating pump that alternately repeats the suction of the fuel and the discharge of the fuel whose pressure is higher than that at the time of the suction by reciprocating in the axial direction, and a controller that controls the driving of the linear actuator.
- the controller is When the amplitude of the boosting piston reciprocating in the axial direction is A (A> 0) and the reciprocating period is T, The maximum value of the acceleration that increases the absolute value of the speed of the boosting piston when the reciprocating pump sucks the fuel is smaller than A ⁇ (2 ⁇ / T) 2 , and The linear actuator is controlled so that the maximum absolute value of acceleration of the boosting piston when the reciprocating pump discharges the fuel is larger than A ⁇ (2 ⁇ / T) 2.
- a second aspect of the present invention is a fuel supply device that supplies fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, wherein a low-pressure fuel supply pipe that is supplied with low-pressure fuel, and a high-pressure fuel that is supplied into the combustion chamber.
- a plurality of fuels provided between the high-pressure fuel supply pipe to be supplied, the low-pressure fuel supply pipe, and the high-pressure fuel supply pipe, and pressurize the fuel in the low-pressure fuel supply pipe and supply the fuel to the high-pressure fuel supply pipe, respectively.
- Each of the fuel supply units A fuel supply device for supplying fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, comprising: a linear actuator; a boosting piston driven by the linear actuator and reciprocating in an axial direction; and the boosting piston reciprocating in an axial direction And a reciprocating pump that alternately repeats the intake of the fuel and the discharge of the fuel whose pressure is higher than that at the time of intake, and a controller that controls the drive of the linear actuator.
- the controller is When the amplitude of the boosting piston reciprocating in the axial direction is A (A> 0) and the reciprocating period is T, The maximum value of the acceleration that increases the absolute value of the speed of the boosting piston when the reciprocating pump sucks the fuel is smaller than A ⁇ (2 ⁇ / T) 2 , and Controlling the linear actuator such that the maximum value of the acceleration of the boosting piston when the reciprocating pump discharges the fuel is greater than A ⁇ (2 ⁇ / T) 2 ;
- the control unit controls each of the controllers so that when one of the plurality of fuel supply units boosts the cylinder, the boost cylinder of the other fuel supply unit sucks the fuel. It is characterized by that.
- the controller is configured such that when the acceleration of the boosting piston when the reciprocating pump sucks the fuel becomes maximum, after the reciprocating pump starts sucking the fuel, It is preferable to control the linear actuator so that a time of 1 ⁇ 4 of the period elapses from when inhalation is started.
- the reciprocating pump includes a boosting cylinder that accommodates a boosting piston movably in the vertical direction, and the boosting piston moves in the vertical upward direction so that the boosting piston is inside the boosting cylinder. It is preferable that the fuel is sucked into a lower portion of the piston, and the fuel is boosted and discharged by moving the boosting piston vertically downward.
- the linear actuator is a hydraulic cylinder unit, has a hydraulic oil storage space for storing hydraulic oil, and is arranged so that the axial direction is a vertical direction, and moves in the axial direction within the hydraulic cylinder
- a hydraulic piston that divides the hydraulic oil storage space into a first chamber and a second chamber; a piston rod that connects the hydraulic piston and the boosting piston; and hydraulic oil to the first chamber.
- a hydraulic pump that moves the hydraulic piston in a first axial direction by supplying it, and moves the hydraulic piston in a second axial direction by supplying hydraulic oil to the second chamber;
- An electric motor that drives the hydraulic pump so that the hydraulic piston reciprocates in the axial direction.
- the controller preferably controls movement of the hydraulic piston in the hydraulic cylinder by controlling the electric motor.
- the hydraulic cylinder unit has one end connected to the hydraulic pump and the other end connected to the first chamber.
- the hydraulic cylinder unit supplies all the hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic pump to the first chamber.
- a closed first hydraulic pipe that returns all the hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic pump to the hydraulic pump, one end connected to the hydraulic pump, the other end connected to the second chamber, and discharged from the hydraulic pump It is preferable to further include a sealed second hydraulic pipe for supplying all the hydraulic oil to the second chamber and returning all the hydraulic oil discharged from the second chamber to the hydraulic pump.
- the linear actuator may be an electric cylinder unit.
- the electric cylinder unit is connected to the boosting piston in a state in which the electric motor, a ball nut rotated by the power of the electric motor, and the ball nut are screwed and the axial direction coincides with the axial direction of the boosting piston.
- a ball screw that moves in the axial direction by the rotation of the ball nut, and the controller preferably controls the movement of the ball screw in the axial direction by controlling the electric motor.
- a third aspect of the present invention is a fuel supply method for supplying fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine,
- a reciprocating pump having a boosting piston driven by a linear actuator and reciprocating in the axial direction, wherein the boosting piston reciprocates in the axial direction and alternately repeats the intake of the fuel and the discharge of the boosted fuel as compared with the time of intake.
- the amplitude of the boosting piston reciprocating in the axial direction is A (A> 0) and the reciprocating period is T.
- the maximum value of the acceleration that increases the absolute value of the speed of the boosting piston when the reciprocating pump sucks the fuel is smaller than A ⁇ (2 ⁇ / T) 2 , and
- the linear actuator is controlled so that the maximum absolute value of acceleration of the boosting piston when the reciprocating pump discharges the fuel is larger than A ⁇ (2 ⁇ / T) 2.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the linear actuator 30 and the reciprocating pump 50 during fuel suction.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the linear actuator 30 and the reciprocating pump 50 when fuel is discharged.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the time change of the speed of the piston 52 for pressure
- 2 is a view showing a fuel supply unit using an electric cylinder unit as a linear actuator 30.
- the fuel supply device 10 of the present embodiment is a device that pressurizes and heats liquid fuel and injects it into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine 90 at a high pressure.
- the internal combustion engine 90 is a prime mover that burns fuel in a combustion chamber in a cylinder and works by its thermal energy, such as a reciprocating engine or a gas turbine.
- a diesel engine that compresses and ignites fuel is preferably used as the internal combustion engine 90.
- a case where a diesel engine mounted on a ship is used as the internal combustion engine 90 will be described.
- the present invention can also be applied to a fuel supply apparatus for a diesel engine other than a ship.
- the fuel supply apparatus 10 includes a liquid fuel tank 11, a low-pressure fuel supply pipe 12, a plurality of fuel supply units 20A, 20B, and 20C, a high-pressure fuel supply pipe 13, and a heat exchanger 14.
- the high-temperature fuel supply pipe 15, the pressure regulating valve 16, the pressure gauge 17, and the control unit 80 are provided. All these components of the fuel supply device 10 are mounted on a ship.
- the liquid fuel tank 11 stores the fuel supplied to the internal combustion engine 90 in a liquid state.
- the liquid fuel stored in the liquid fuel tank 11 for example, liquefied methane, liquefied ethane, liquefied propane, or the like can be used.
- the liquid fuel tank 11 is connected to the low-pressure fuel supply pipe 12 and supplies the liquid fuel to the fuel supply units 20A, 20B, and 20C via the low-pressure fuel supply pipe 12.
- the pressure of the liquid fuel in the low-pressure fuel supply pipe 12 at the connection with the fuel supply units 20A, 20B, and 20C is a pressure corresponding to the temperature of the liquid fuel in the liquid fuel tank 11, the liquid level height, and the like. .
- the liquid fuel tank 11 includes the fuel supply units 20A and 20B. , 20C higher than the position.
- an effective suction head is secured by increasing the pressure of the liquid fuel in the liquid fuel tank 11 by a booster pump that supplies the liquid fuel to the liquid fuel tank 11. Also good.
- the fuel supply units 20 ⁇ / b> A, 20 ⁇ / b> B, and 20 ⁇ / b> C are provided in parallel between the low pressure fuel supply pipe 12 and the high pressure fuel supply pipe 13.
- Each of the fuel supply units 20A, 20B, and 20C includes a controller 21, a linear actuator 30, and a reciprocating pump 50.
- the reciprocating pump 50 pressurizes the liquid fuel supplied from the low pressure fuel supply pipe 12 and supplies it to the heat exchanger 14 through the high pressure fuel supply pipe 13.
- the low-pressure fuel pipe 12 and the high-pressure fuel supply pipe 13 are detachable from the fuel supply units 20A, 20B, and 20C.
- the linear actuator 30 drives the piston of the reciprocating pump 50.
- the piston of the reciprocating pump 50 is driven at a lower speed than in the case of using the crankshaft.
- the drive can be controlled so that the piston moves at a constant speed.
- a hydraulic cylinder unit, an electric cylinder unit, or the like can be used as the linear actuator 30.
- the controller 21 is controlled by a control signal input from the control unit 80 and controls the linear actuator 30.
- the controller 21 receives a position signal indicating the position of the piston of the reciprocating pump 50, as will be described later.
- the controller 21 controls the position of the linear actuator 30 so that the discharge amount of the reciprocating pump 50 is adjusted according to the position signal.
- three fuel supply units 20A, 20B, and 20C are provided in parallel between the low pressure fuel supply pipe 12 and the high pressure fuel supply pipe 13, but the number of fuel supply parts is not limited thereto. However, it can be arbitrarily changed according to the amount of fuel to be supplied.
- the heat exchanger 14 has an inlet side connected to the high-pressure fuel supply pipe 13 and an outlet side connected to the high-temperature fuel supply pipe 15.
- the heat exchanger 14 heats the pressurized liquid fuel supplied through the high-pressure fuel supply pipe 13.
- a heat source for heating the liquid fuel for example, combustion heat of boil-off gas generated in the liquid fuel tank 11 can be used.
- the liquid fuel may be heated by heat exchange with warm water heated by the combustion heat of boil-off gas.
- the high temperature fuel supply pipe 15 is provided with a pressure regulating valve 16, and one end of the high temperature fuel supply pipe 15 is connected to the heat exchanger 14 and the other end is connected to the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine 90.
- the liquid fuel heated by the heat exchanger 14 is regulated to a pressure within a predetermined range required by the internal combustion engine 90 by the pressure regulating valve 16, and then is supplied to the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine 90 through the high temperature fuel supply pipe 15. Supplied.
- the pressure regulating valve 16 is controlled by the control unit 80.
- the pressure in a predetermined range required by the internal combustion engine 90 varies depending on the type and performance of the internal combustion engine 90.
- the pressure in a predetermined range is, for example, 5 to 100 MPa, preferably 20 to 70 MPa, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the high temperature fuel supply pipe 15 is provided with a pressure gauge 17.
- the pressure gauge 17 measures the pressure in the high temperature fuel supply pipe 15 and outputs a measurement signal to the control unit 80.
- a signal indicating the load on the internal combustion engine 90 is input from the internal combustion engine 90 to the control unit 80.
- the signal indicating the load of the internal combustion engine 90 is a signal indicating the rotational speed, for example.
- the control unit 80 adjusts the discharge amount of the reciprocating pump 50 by outputting a control signal to the fuel supply units 20A, 20B, and 20C.
- the discharge amount of the reciprocating pump 50 is adjusted so that the pressure in the high-temperature fuel supply pipe 15 becomes a pressure corresponding to the required load of the internal combustion engine 90. Note that the number of revolutions of a propulsion propeller (not shown) driven by the internal combustion engine 90 may be measured, and the pressure in the high-temperature fuel supply pipe 15 may be adjusted according to the number of revolutions.
- the liquid fuel tank 11, the low-pressure fuel supply pipe 12, the linear actuator 30, the reciprocating pump 50, the high-pressure fuel supply pipe 13, the heat exchanger 14, the high-temperature fuel supply pipe 15, the pressure regulating valve 16, and the pressure gauge 17 are arranged in the hazardous area. Is done.
- the controller 21 and the control unit 80 are generally non-explosion-proof compatible products. However, when the explosion-proof response is not possible, the controller 21 and the control unit 80 are disposed in the non-hazardous area separated from the dangerous area by the explosion-proof partition wall, or are sufficient from the dangerous area. Must be located in a non-explosion-proof area at a distance from each other.
- the linear actuator 30 is not limited to the hydraulic cylinder unit. 2 and 3, the vertical direction coincides with the vertical direction, and the horizontal direction coincides with the horizontal direction.
- the upward direction in the vertical direction is referred to as “upper”, the upper portion is referred to as “upper”, the lower portion in the vertical direction is referred to as “lower”, and the lower portion is referred to as “lower”.
- the linear actuator 30 and the reciprocating pump 50 arranged so that the axial direction is the vertical direction will be described.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the case where the axial direction is the horizontal direction and the angle
- the linear actuator 30 and the reciprocating pump 50 arranged so as to be in the direction in which they are provided may be used.
- the linear actuator 30 and the reciprocating pump 50 are arranged with the axial direction oriented in the vertical direction. 2 and 3, an example in which the reciprocating pump 50 is disposed below the linear actuator 30 will be described. However, the reciprocating pump 50 may be disposed above the linear actuator 30.
- the hydraulic cylinder unit (linear actuator 30) includes an electric motor 31, a hydraulic pump 32, a first hydraulic pipe 33, a second hydraulic pipe 34, a fixed portion 40, a hydraulic cylinder 41, A hydraulic piston 42 is provided.
- the hydraulic cylinder unit is provided on the top plate 101 of the gantry 100.
- the top plate 101 is supported by legs 102, and the legs 102 are fixed to a structure such as a ship deck or an inner bottom plate.
- the electric motor 31 is provided on the top of the top plate 101.
- the electric motor 31 is controlled by the controller 21 and drives the hydraulic pump 23.
- the hydraulic pump 32 is provided on the top plate 101.
- the hydraulic pump 32 is driven by the electric motor 31 and supplies hydraulic oil into the hydraulic cylinder 41 to move the hydraulic piston 42 in the vertical direction.
- the hydraulic oil any hydraulic oil can be employed from petroleum hydraulic oil, synthetic hydraulic oil, water-forming hydraulic oil and the like.
- the hydraulic pump 32 is connected to the first hydraulic pipe 33 and the second hydraulic pipe 34.
- the hydraulic pump 32 is driven by an electric motor 31.
- the electric motor 31 is a servo motor
- the direction in which the hydraulic oil is discharged from the hydraulic pump 32 is switched according to the forward and reverse rotation directions of the electric motor 31.
- the hydraulic pump 32 sucks the hydraulic oil in the first hydraulic pipe 33 and discharges the sucked hydraulic oil to the second hydraulic pipe 34 side.
- the hydraulic pump 32 sucks the hydraulic oil in the second hydraulic pipe 34 and discharges the sucked hydraulic oil to the first hydraulic pipe 33 side.
- a direction switching valve is not necessary for the first hydraulic pipe 33 and the second hydraulic pipe 34.
- the electric motor 31 is an inverter motor
- the direction in which the hydraulic oil flows is changed by a direction switching valve (not shown) provided in the first hydraulic pipe 33 and the second hydraulic pipe 34.
- the flow rate and pressure of the hydraulic oil in the first hydraulic pipe 33 and the second hydraulic pipe 34 are determined by the discharge amount of the hydraulic pump 32.
- the electric motor 31 is a servo motor and the electric motor 31 is an inverter motor
- the flow rate and pressure of the hydraulic oil can be adjusted by the rotational speed of the electric motor 31.
- the fixing part 40 is fixed to the top plate 101 in a state of being arranged in an opening 101a provided in the top plate 101.
- a hydraulic cylinder 41 is fixed to the upper part of the fixed part 40, and a reciprocating pump 50 is fixed to the lower part of the fixed part 40.
- the fixed part 40 has a hollow cylindrical shape, and a cavity part 48 is provided inside.
- the hydraulic cylinder 41 has a hydraulic oil storage space 43 for storing hydraulic oil, and is placed on the top surface of the top plate 101 so that the axial direction is the vertical direction. Further, an upper through hole 44 that communicates with the upper end portion of the hydraulic oil storage space 43 and a lower through hole 45 that communicates with the lower end portion of the hydraulic oil storage space 43 are provided on the side wall of the hydraulic cylinder 41. The outer opening of the upper through hole 44 is connected to the first hydraulic pipe 33, and the outer opening of the lower through hole 45 is connected to the second hydraulic pipe 34.
- the piston piston 42b is provided in the hydraulic piston 42.
- the hydraulic piston 42 has a piston ring 42b in contact with the inner wall surface of the hydraulic oil storage space 43 of the hydraulic cylinder 41, and the rider ring 42a accommodated in the hydraulic oil storage space 43 is movable in the vertical direction. It plays a role of correcting horizontal shake when moving in the vertical direction.
- the piston ring 42 b serves to close the gap between the hydraulic piston 42 and the inner wall surface of the hydraulic oil storage space 43.
- the hydraulic piston 42 divides the hydraulic oil accommodating space 43 into an upper chamber 43 a (second chamber) above the hydraulic piston 42 and a lower chamber 43 b (first chamber) below the hydraulic piston 42.
- the hydraulic piston 42 is a double rod type, and has a piston rod 47 that protrudes from the upper and lower portions of the hydraulic cylinder 41 to the outside. The piston rod 47 moves up and down together with the hydraulic piston 42. Since the hydraulic piston 42 is a double rod type, the amount of decrease in the volume of the upper chamber 43a when the hydraulic piston 42 is raised is equal to the amount of increase in the volume of the lower chamber 43b.
- the hydraulic piston 42 may be a single rod type.
- a bush 46 is provided in a portion of the hydraulic cylinder 41 through which the piston rod 47 passes. An oil seal is incorporated in the bush 46. The bush 46 supports the piston rod 47 so as to be movable up and down, and prevents hydraulic oil from leaking from the hydraulic oil storage space 43.
- a connecting portion 49 for connecting the lower end portion of the piston rod 47 and the upper end portion of the boosting piston 52 of the reciprocating pump 50 is provided in the hollow portion 48.
- the connecting portion 49 moves up and down in the cavity 48 as the piston rod 47 moves up and down.
- the connecting portion 49 has a function of adjusting the axial misalignment between the piston rod 47 of the hydraulic cylinder and the piston 52 of the reciprocating pump 50.
- the room 48 is supplied with room temperature nitrogen gas from the outside from the viewpoint of preventing gas leakage from the return pump 50. Nitrogen gas may be supplied to the rod packing portion 57 of the reciprocating pump 50.
- Nitrogen gas may be supplied to the rod packing portion 57 of the reciprocating pump 50.
- the reciprocating pump 50 for example, a reciprocating pump having the same structure as that described in Japanese Patent No. 5519857 can be used.
- the reciprocating pump 50 includes a boosting cylinder 51, a boosting piston 52, a cylinder liner 53, a cover 54, a valve box 60, and the like.
- the upper end portion of the boosting cylinder 51 is fixed to the lower end portion of the fixing portion 40.
- the side wall of the boosting cylinder 51 is fixed to the legs 102 of the gantry 100.
- a rod packing portion 57 is provided on the upper portion of the boosting cylinder 51.
- the boosting cylinder 51 has a space for accommodating the boosting piston 52, the cylinder liner 53, and the valve box 60 inside, and a cover 54 is fixed to the lower end portion of the boosting cylinder 51.
- the cylinder liner 53 and the valve box 60 are fixed in the boosting cylinder 51 by the cover 54.
- a suction port 55 is provided on the side wall of the boosting cylinder 51 at a height at which the valve box 60 is fixed.
- the suction port 55 is connected to the low pressure fuel supply pipe 12.
- the cover 54 is provided with a discharge port 56 penetrating in the vertical direction.
- the discharge port 56 is connected to the high-pressure fuel supply pipe 13.
- the valve box 60 is provided below the boosting piston 52, and the fuel is placed inside the boosting cylinder 51 and below the boosting piston 52 by moving the boosting piston 52 vertically upward.
- the suction port 55 of the reciprocating pump 50 can be arranged at a lower position.
- the pressure of the liquid fuel in the low-pressure fuel supply pipe 12 at the connection portion with the suction port 55 is a pressure proportional to the difference between the height of the liquid fuel level in the liquid fuel tank 11 and the height of the suction port 55. For this reason, the pressure of the liquid fuel in the low-pressure fuel supply pipe 12 at the connection portion with the suction port 55 can be increased by arranging the suction port 55 at a lower position. As a result, fuel can be easily supplied from the suction port 55 into the pressure-increasing cylinder 51.
- the upper end of the boosting piston 52 is connected to the lower end of the piston rod 47 by a connecting portion 49, and the boosting piston 52 moves up and down in conjunction with the piston rod 47.
- a position sensor is provided at the upper end of the boosting piston 52. The position sensor detects the position of the boosting piston 52 in the vertical direction and outputs a position signal to the controller 21. Note that the speed of the boosting piston 52 can be obtained by differentiating the displacement of the boosting piston 52 with time using the position signal. That is, the position sensor can also be used as a speed sensor. Further, the acceleration of the boosting piston 52 can be obtained by differentiating the speed of the boosting piston 52 with respect to time. That is, the position sensor can be used as an acceleration sensor.
- a position sensor may be attached to the hydraulic cylinder 41.
- the magnetostrictive position sensor 70 for example, a magnetostrictive position sensor 70 or an ultrasonic sensor can be used.
- the magnetostrictive position sensor 70 includes a sensor probe 71 (magnetostrictive line), an annular magnet 72, and a detector 73.
- the sensor probe 71 is provided in the cavity 48 in the vertical direction.
- the annular magnet 72 is attached to the upper end of the boosting piston 52 so as to move up and down along with the boosting piston 52 along the sensor probe 71 with the sensor probe 71 inserted in the center.
- One end of the sensor probe 71 is provided with a detector 73 that detects distortion generated in the sensor probe 71.
- a magnetic field in the circumferential direction around the sensor probe 71 is generated.
- a magnetic field is applied in the axial direction of the sensor probe 71, so that a combined magnetic field oblique to the axial direction is generated.
- This causes local torsional distortion in the sensor probe 71.
- the detector 73 detects the torsional distortion to detect the position of the magnet 72 in the height direction, and outputs a position signal indicating the position of the boosting piston 52 in the height direction to the controller 21.
- a rider ring 52a and a piston ring 52b are provided below the boosting piston 52.
- the boosting piston 52 is accommodated in the cylinder liner 53 so as to be movable in the vertical direction while bringing the rider ring 52a and the piston ring 52b into contact with the inner wall surface of the cylinder liner 53.
- the rod packing portion 57 is also equipped with a rider ring 51a. These rider rings 51a and 52a play a role of correcting horizontal shake when the boosting piston 52 moves in the vertical direction.
- the piston ring 52b serves to close the gap between the boosting piston 52 and the inner wall surface of the cylinder liner 53 and seal the pressure of the pressurized liquid fuel at the tip.
- the valve box 60 is fixed to the lower portion of the cylinder liner 53 in the boosting cylinder 51.
- the valve box 60 is provided with a discharge flow path 61, a discharge valve body 62, a suction flow path 64, a suction valve body 65, and the like.
- the discharge flow path 61 is provided so as to penetrate the valve box 60 in the vertical direction.
- a discharge valve element 62 is accommodated in the discharge flow path 61 so as to be movable in the vertical direction.
- the upper end portion side of the discharge channel 61 is a small diameter portion whose inner diameter is smaller than the outer diameter of the discharge valve body 62.
- the lower opening of the narrow diameter portion is a valve seat 63 in which the discharge valve body 62 is disposed.
- the discharge valve element 62 and the valve seat 63 constitute a discharge valve.
- An opening on the lower side of the valve box 60 of the discharge channel 61 is provided at a position facing the discharge port 56 of the cover 54.
- the suction flow path 64 is provided at a position communicating with the position of the boosting piston 52 on the upper surface of the valve box 60 from the outer wall of the valve box 60.
- the opening on the outer wall side of the valve box 60 of the suction flow path 64 is provided at a position facing the suction port 55 of the boosting cylinder 51.
- the outer peripheral portion of the opening on the upper surface side of the valve box 60 of the suction flow path 64 is a valve seat 66 for the suction valve body 65, and the suction valve body 65 can move in the vertical direction above the valve seat 66. Is provided.
- the suction valve element 65 and the valve seat 66 constitute a suction valve.
- the rod packing part 57 is connected to the cavity part 48 and is equipped with a seal ring so as to prevent the gas vaporized by the liquid fuel from leaking to the outside air.
- the leaked liquid fuel that cannot be sealed by the piston ring 52 b is vaporized under a low pressure and is sealed by the rod packing portion 57.
- nitrogen gas may be supplied to the rod packing portion 57 instead of supplying it to the cavity portion 48.
- the rotation direction of the electric motor 31 is switched by the controller 21 and the hydraulic pump 32 is driven in the direction opposite to that in FIG. 2, and the hydraulic oil in the lower chamber 43 b is sent to the lower through hole 45 as shown in FIG. 3.
- the hydraulic piston 42 descends in the hydraulic oil storage space 43 so that the volume of the lower chamber 43b decreases and the volume of the upper chamber 43a increases. Since the first hydraulic pipe 33 and the second hydraulic pipe do not have a branch or the like, all the hydraulic oil flowing out from the lower chamber 43b is supplied to the upper chamber 43a.
- the hydraulic oil is alternately passed between the upper chamber 43a and the lower chamber 43b, and the hydraulic piston 42 and the booster pump are increased.
- the piston 52 can be reciprocated in the vertical direction, and the liquid fuel sucked from the suction port 55 can be pressurized and discharged from the discharge port 56.
- the hydraulic oil is alternately moved between the upper chamber 43a and the lower chamber 43b by switching the flow direction of the hydraulic oil by the direction switching valve.
- the hydraulic piston 42 and the boosting piston 52 are reciprocated in the vertical direction, and the liquid fuel sucked from the suction port 55 can be boosted and discharged from the discharge port 56.
- control is performed so that the pressure in the boosting cylinder 51 does not become lower than the vapor pressure of the fuel. Specifically, by reducing the maximum acceleration of the boosting piston 52 when the reciprocating pump 50 sucks the fuel, the pressure in the boosting cylinder 51 can be prevented from becoming lower than the vapor pressure of the fuel. .
- the controller 21 controls the linear actuator 30 so that the maximum acceleration of the boosting piston 52 when the reciprocating pump 50 sucks fuel becomes smaller than when the reciprocating pump 50 is driven using a crankshaft.
- the boosting piston is considered to vibrate with the same period as the crankshaft rotation period and with the same amplitude as the crankshaft rotation radius.
- the stroke length of the boosting piston at this time is the rotational diameter of the crankshaft (twice the amplitude).
- the controller 21 is more reciprocal than the case where the boosting piston 52 is simply oscillated with the same amplitude and the same period as when the reciprocating pump is driven using the crankshaft.
- the linear actuator 30 is controlled so that the maximum acceleration of the boosting piston 52 is reduced when the fuel takes in the fuel.
- the controller 21 is configured to increase the pressure when the reciprocating pump 50 sucks fuel, where A (A> 0) is the amplitude at which the pressure increasing piston 52 reciprocates in the axial direction, and T is the reciprocating period.
- a (A> 0) is the amplitude at which the pressure increasing piston 52 reciprocates in the axial direction
- T is the reciprocating period.
- the maximum value of the acceleration that increases the absolute value of the speed of the piston 52 is smaller than A ⁇ (2 ⁇ / T) 2 and the acceleration of the boosting piston 52 when the reciprocating pump 50 discharges fuel.
- the linear actuator 30 is controlled so that the maximum value of the absolute value of becomes greater than A ⁇ (2 ⁇ / T) 2 .
- the solid line in FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the change over time in the speed of the boosting piston 52 in this embodiment, where the horizontal axis is time, the vertical axis is speed, and the speed of the boosting piston 52 during discharge is positive. Yes. That is, the reciprocating pump 50 discharges fuel from time t0 to t1 when the piston speed is positive, and the reciprocating pump 50 sucks fuel from time t1 to t4 when the piston speed is negative. Also, the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 4 represents the change over time in the speed of the boosting piston when the boosting piston is crank-driven. When the boosting piston is crank-driven, the boosting piston makes a simple vibration.
- V A (2 ⁇ / T) sin (2 ⁇ / T) t (1)
- a A (2 ⁇ / T) 2 cos (2 ⁇ / T) t (2)
- the period T and the stroke are the same in the case of this embodiment (solid line) and the case of simple vibration (one-dot chain line). That is, the integral value of the velocity from time t0 to t1 (during discharge) is the same in this embodiment (solid line) and in the case of simple vibration (one-dot chain line), which is 2A. Similarly, the integral value of the velocity from time t1 to time t4 (during inhalation) is the same in the case of this embodiment (solid line) and in the case of simple vibration (dashed line), and is ⁇ 2A.
- the solid line in FIG. 4 accelerates the boosting piston 52 from the start of suction (t1) to t2, moves the boosting piston 52 at a constant speed from t2 to t3, and ends the suction from t3.
- the pressure increasing piston 52 is decelerated until (t4).
- acceleration means to increase the absolute value of the speed of the boosting piston 52
- decelerate means to decrease the absolute value of the speed of the boosting piston 52.
- the absolute value of the acceleration of the boosting piston 52 may become the maximum value of the absolute value of the acceleration during inhalation from t1 to t2.
- the maximum value of the absolute value of the acceleration is the maximum value of the absolute value of the gradient from t1 to t2 of the solid line in FIG.
- the absolute value of the acceleration of the boosting piston 52 reaches the maximum between t1 and t2, it is the start of suction (t1), and the absolute value of the acceleration Is the absolute value of the slope at t1 of the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 4, and is A (2 ⁇ / T) 2 .
- the maximum absolute value of the acceleration of the boosting piston 52 at the time of inhalation (the maximum absolute value of the slope from the solid line t1 to t2) is a simple vibration.
- the linear actuator 30 is controlled to be smaller than the maximum absolute value of acceleration (A (2 ⁇ / T) 2 that is the absolute value of the gradient at t1 of the dashed line). For this reason, it is possible to prevent the pressure in the boosting cylinder 51 from rapidly decreasing and to suppress the occurrence of cavitation.
- the maximum value of the absolute value of the acceleration of the booster piston 52 at the time of inhalation is preferably smaller than A ( ⁇ / T 1 ) 2 .
- the boosting piston 52 is set so that the maximum acceleration is at the start of inhalation. There is no need to control the speed.
- the time when the absolute value of the acceleration of the boosting piston 52 becomes maximum is after the time when the fuel starts to be sucked (t1) and after a time of 1/4 of one cycle has passed since the time when the suction starts (t1). May also be controlled to be in front.
- the stroke length is the height from the lowest point to the highest point when the boosting piston 52 reciprocates in the vertical direction.
- the stroke length is set with reference to the lowest position of the boosting piston 52 in the cylinder liner 53.
- the lowermost position of the boosting piston 52 is a position in the cylinder liner 53 where the volume of the space below the boosting piston 52 is minimized.
- the solid line in FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another example of the change over time in the speed of the boosting piston 52 in this embodiment.
- the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents speed, and the speed of the boosting piston during discharge is positive. It is said. That is, the reciprocating pump 50 discharges fuel from time t0 to t1 when the piston speed is positive, and the reciprocating pump 50 sucks fuel from time t1 to t5 when the piston speed is negative.
- the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 5 represents the time change of the speed of the boosting piston 52 when the boosting piston is crank-driven (single vibration).
- the reciprocating pump 50 discharges fuel from the time t0 to t2 when the piston speed is positive, and the reciprocating pump from time t2 to t5 when the piston speed is negative. 50 inhales fuel.
- the boosting piston 52 is crank-driven, the boosting piston makes a simple vibration.
- V A (2 ⁇ / T) sin (2 ⁇ / T) t (1)
- a A (2 ⁇ / T) 2 cos (2 ⁇ / T) t (2)
- the period T and the stroke are the same in the case of this embodiment (solid line) and the case of simple vibration (one-dot chain line). That is, the integrated value of the velocity from the time t0 to t1 (during discharge) in the case of the present embodiment (during discharge) is the integrated value of the velocity from the time t0 to t2 in the case of simple vibration (dash line) (during discharge). And 2A.
- the integral value of speed from time t1 to time t5 is the integral of speed from time t2 to time t5 in the case of simple vibration (dash chain line) (during suction). The value is the same as -2A.
- the solid line in FIG. 5 accelerates the boosting piston 52 from the start of suction (t1) to t3, moves the boosting piston 52 at a constant speed from t3 to t4, and ends the suction from t4.
- the pressure increasing piston 52 is decelerated until (t5).
- the absolute value of the acceleration of the boosting piston 52 may become the maximum absolute value of the acceleration during inhalation from t1 to t3.
- the maximum value of the absolute value of the acceleration is the maximum value of the absolute value of the gradient from t1 to t3 of the solid line in FIG.
- the boosting piston vibrates simply (dashed line)
- the absolute value of the acceleration of the boosting piston 52 becomes maximum, it is at the start of suction (t2), and the maximum absolute value of acceleration is shown in FIG.
- the absolute value of the slope at t2 of the alternate long and short dash line is A (2 ⁇ / T) 2 .
- the maximum absolute value of the acceleration of the boosting piston 52 during inhalation (the maximum absolute value of the slope of the solid line from t1 to t3) is a simple vibration.
- the linear actuator 30 is controlled so as to be smaller than the maximum value of the absolute value of acceleration (A (2 ⁇ / T) 2 which is the absolute value of the gradient at t2 of the one-dot chain line). For this reason, it is possible to prevent the pressure in the boosting cylinder 51 from rapidly decreasing and to suppress the occurrence of cavitation.
- the maximum value of the absolute value of the acceleration of the booster piston 52 at the time of inhalation is preferably smaller than A ( ⁇ / T 2 ) 2 .
- the fuel discharge period (between t0 and t1) and the fuel intake period (between t1 and t4) in one cycle (time from t0 to t4) of the boosting piston 52. Between) is equal.
- the period (t1) during which the fuel is sucked in rather than the period during which the fuel is discharged (between t0 and t1) in one cycle (time from t0 to t5) of the boosting piston 52. To t5) is longer.
- the period (between t1 and t3) for accelerating the boosting piston 52 at the time of inhalation can be made longer, and the maximum absolute value of the acceleration at the time of inhalation can be further reduced.
- the speed of the boosting piston 52 at the time of inhalation is set longer than the period (from t0 to t1) during which fuel is sucked (between t1 and t5).
- the absolute value of the absolute value (maximum value of the absolute value of the velocity between t3 and t4 of the solid line) is made smaller than A (2 ⁇ / T) which is the maximum value of the absolute value of the velocity in the case of simple vibration Can do. For this reason, the maximum value of the absolute value of acceleration for accelerating to the maximum speed can be reduced.
- fuel may be discharged from the reciprocating pumps 50 of other fuel supply units while the fuel is sucked by the reciprocating pump 50 of one fuel supply unit.
- the reciprocating pump 50 in each of the three fuel supply units 20A, 20B, and 20C, in order to suck fuel in one reciprocating pump 50, the other two reciprocating pumps 50 discharge fuel. You can use the time you are doing. In other words, when the suction and discharge are performed in one cycle, each reciprocating pump 50 may perform discharge in the time of 1/3 of one cycle and perform the suction in the time of 2/3 of one cycle.
- each reciprocating pump 50 discharges in 1 / n times of one cycle, and (n ⁇ 1) ) / N.
- the moving speed of the boosting piston 52 when sucking in the fuel can be made slower than the speed when discharging the fuel, and the pressure in the boosting cylinder 51 is prevented from rapidly decreasing, and cavitation Can be suppressed.
- the total amount of fuel discharged can be adjusted by adjusting the time of one cycle.
- the time for sucking the fuel is the same as the time for discharging the fuel (FIG. 4), and the case where the time for sucking the fuel is longer than the time for discharging the fuel (FIG. 5) have been described.
- the time for inhaling the fuel may be shorter than the time for discharging the fuel.
- the linear actuator 30 increases the pressure by moving the boosting piston 52 in the vertical direction so that the reciprocating pump 50 sucks fuel when the boosting piston 52 is raised.
- the gravity of the boosting piston 52 acts on the linear actuator 30 when the piston 52 is raised. For this reason, the speed at which the boosting piston 52 is raised can be reduced, and the occurrence of cavitation can be prevented.
- the hydraulic piston 42 and the boosting piston 52 are moved in the vertical direction, the hydraulic cylinder 41 and the boosting cylinder 51 also receive vertical force as a reaction. For this reason, even if the hydraulic piston 42 and the boosting piston 52 are driven, the force acting in the horizontal direction does not act on the installation location of the hydraulic cylinder 41 and the boosting cylinder 51. Can be easily fixed. Further, the floor area required for installing the hydraulic cylinder 41 and the boosting cylinder 51 can be reduced.
- the moving direction of the hydraulic piston 42 can be switched by switching the flow direction of the hydraulic oil supplied into the hydraulic cylinder 41 according to the forward / reverse rotation direction of the hydraulic pump 32.
- the flow direction of the hydraulic oil is not switched by the direction switching valve, it is not necessary to keep the hydraulic pump 32 operating at the rated rotational speed. For this reason, energy consumption can be reduced compared with the case where the hydraulic pump 32 is continuously operated at the rated rotational speed.
- the plurality of fuel supply units 20A, 20B, and 20C are provided in parallel between the low pressure fuel supply pipe 12 and the high pressure fuel supply pipe 13, the number of fuel supply parts can be easily changed. Further, even when trouble occurs in any of the plurality of fuel supply units or when maintenance is performed, any one of the fuel supply units can be removed and the other fuel supply units can be continuously driven. Further, since the plurality of fuel supply units 20A, 20B, and 20C can be controlled independently, the number of fuel supply units that operate according to the fuel demand of the internal combustion engine 90 can be changed.
- the speed and position of the boosting piston 52 can be adjusted reliably.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and an arbitrary number of fuel supply units can be used.
- the shape of the reciprocating pump 50 is not limited to the shape shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and a reciprocating pump having an arbitrary shape can be used.
- the fuel supply device mounted on the ship has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the linear actuator 30 and the reciprocating pump 50 can be installed on an arbitrary structure.
- the linear actuator 30 and the reciprocating pump 50 may be mounted on the body of an automobile, or the linear actuator 30 and the reciprocating pump 50 may be installed on the floor of a building frame.
- FIG. 6 is a view showing a fuel supply unit using the electric cylinder unit as the linear actuator 30.
- the electric cylinder unit includes an electric motor 31, gears 35 a and 35 b, a ball nut 37, and a ball screw 38.
- the gear 35a is rotated by the power of the electric motor 31, and the rotation of the gear 35a is transmitted to the gear 35b.
- the gear 35 b is provided integrally with the ball nut 37 and transmits the rotation of the gear 35 a to the ball nut 37.
- the ball nut 37 is screwed with the ball screw 38 and rotates together with the gear 35b.
- the lower end of the ball screw 38 is connected to the upper end of the boosting piston 52 by a connecting portion 49.
- the ball screw 38 moves in the axial direction.
- the boosting piston 52 also moves in the axial direction.
- the same effect as the case where a hydraulic cylinder unit is used as the linear actuator 30 can be obtained.
- the rotation of the electric motor 31 may be transmitted to the ball nut using a pulley and a timing belt instead of the gears 35a and 35b. .
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Abstract
Description
近年、低速ディーゼルエンジンの燃料として、NOx、SOx、排出量の少ない天然ガスが注目されている。低速ディーゼルエンジンの燃焼室に高圧の天然ガスを燃料として噴射して燃焼させることで、高熱効率で出力が得られる。
また、クランク軸を用いて往復式ポンプを駆動する場合には、吐出時と吸入時とでピストンの速度は同一であり、吸入時のみの速度は変更できないため、高回転、高出力時においてキャビテーションが発生してしまう。
前記コントローラは、
前記昇圧用ピストンが軸方向に往復する振幅をA(A>0)、往復する周期をTとしたとき、
前記往復式ポンプが前記燃料を吸入する時の前記昇圧用ピストンの速度の絶対値を増加させる加速度の絶対値の最大値が、A・(2π/T)2よりも小さく、かつ、
前記往復式ポンプが前記燃料を吐出する時の前記昇圧用ピストンの加速度の絶対値の最大値が、A・(2π/T)2よりも大きくなるように前記リニアアクチュエータを制御する、ことを特徴とする。
前記燃料供給部のそれぞれは、
内燃機関の燃焼室内へ燃料を供給する燃料供給装置であって、リニアアクチュエータと、前記リニアアクチュエータによって駆動され軸方向に往復する昇圧用ピストンを有し、前記昇圧用ピストンが軸方向に往復することにより前記燃料の吸入と吸入時よりも昇圧した燃料の吐出を交互に繰り返す往復式ポンプと、前記リニアアクチュエータの駆動を制御するコントローラと、を備える。
前記コントローラは、
前記昇圧用ピストンが軸方向に往復する振幅をA(A>0)、往復する周期をTとしたとき、
前記往復式ポンプが前記燃料を吸入する時の前記昇圧用ピストンの速度の絶対値を増加させる加速度の絶対値の最大値が、A・(2π/T)2よりも小さく、かつ、
前記往復式ポンプが前記燃料を吐出する時の前記昇圧用ピストンの加速度の絶対値の最大値が、A・(2π/T)2よりも大きくなるように前記リニアアクチュエータを制御し、
前記制御部は、前記複数の燃料供給部のいずれか1つの昇圧用シリンダが燃料を吐出するときに、他の燃料供給部の昇圧用シリンダが燃料を吸入するように前記コントローラのそれぞれを制御する、ことを特徴とする。
前記コントローラは、前記電動モータを制御することで前記油圧ピストンの前記油圧シリンダ内での移動を制御する、ことが好ましい。
リニアアクチュエータによって駆動され軸方向に往復する昇圧用ピストンを有し、前記昇圧用ピストンが軸方向に往復することにより前記燃料の吸入と吸入時よりも昇圧した燃料の吐出を交互に繰り返す往復式ポンプの前記昇圧用ピストンが軸方向に往復する振幅をA(A>0)、往復する周期をTとしたとき、
前記往復式ポンプが前記燃料を吸入する時の前記昇圧用ピストンの速度の絶対値を増加させる加速度の絶対値の最大値が、A・(2π/T)2よりも小さく、かつ、
前記往復式ポンプが前記燃料を吐出する時の前記昇圧用ピストンの加速度の絶対値の最大値が、A・(2π/T)2よりも大きくなるように前記リニアアクチュエータを制御する、ことを特徴とする。
図1に示すように、本実施形態の燃料供給装置10は、液体燃料を昇圧・加熱し、内燃機関90の燃焼室内へ高圧で噴射して供給する装置である。内燃機関90はシリンダ内の燃焼室で燃料を燃焼させ、その熱エネルギーによって仕事をする原動機であり、例えばレシプロエンジン、ガスタービンである。特に、燃料を圧縮着火させるディーゼルエンジンを内燃機関90として用いることが好ましい。以下の実施形態では、内燃機関90として船舶に搭載されるディーゼルエンジンを用いる場合について説明するが、本発明は船舶以外のディーゼルエンジンへの燃料供給装置に適用することもできる。
燃料供給部20A、20B、20Cとの接続部における低圧燃料供給管12内の液体燃料の圧力は、液体燃料タンク11内の液体燃料の温度、液面高さ等に応じた圧力となっている。この圧力を高め有効吸込みヘッド(NPSH:Net Positive Suction Head)を確保し、燃料供給部20A、20B,20Cに液体燃料を供給しやすくするために、液体燃料タンク11は、燃料供給部20A、20B、20Cよりも高い位置に配置されている。
なお、液体燃料タンク11が高い位置に配置できない場合は、液体燃料タンク11に液体燃料を供給するブースターポンプにより液体燃料タンク11内の液体燃料の圧力を高めることで、有効吸込ヘッドを確保してもよい。
往復式ポンプ50は、低圧燃料供給管12から供給される液体燃料を昇圧し、高圧燃料供給管13を介して熱交換器14に供給する。低圧燃料管12および高圧燃料供給管13は、燃料供給部20A、20B、20Cから着脱可能である。
コントローラ21は、制御部80から入力される制御信号により制御され、リニアアクチュエータ30を制御する。また、コントローラ21には、後述するように、往復式ポンプ50のピストンの位置を示す位置信号が入力される。コントローラ21は、位置信号に応じて往復式ポンプ50の吐出量が調節されるようにリニアアクチュエータ30を位置制御する。
ここで、内燃機関90が必要とする所定の範囲の圧力は、内燃機関90の種類や性能に応じて異なる。内燃機関90が船舶用の2ストロークサイクルの低速ディーゼルエンジンであれば、所定の範囲の圧力は、例えば5~100MPa、好ましくは20~70MPaであるが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。
また、高温燃料供給管15には、圧力計17が設けられている。圧力計17は高温燃料供給管15内の圧力を計測し、計測信号を制御部80に出力する。
制御部80は、燃料供給部20A、20B、20Cに制御信号を出力することで、往復式ポンプ50の吐出量を調整する。往復式ポンプ50の吐出量は、高温燃料供給管15内の圧力が、必要とされる内燃機関90の負荷に応じた圧力となるように調整される。
なお、内燃機関90により駆動される推進用プロペラ(図示せず)の回転数を計測し、回転数に応じて高温燃料供給管15内の圧力を調整してもよい。
図2、図3において、上下方向は鉛直方向と一致し、左右方向は水平方向と一致する。以下の説明では、鉛直方向の上方向を「上方」、上方の部分を「上部」、鉛直方向の下方を「下方」、下方向の部分を「下部」という。なお、以下の説明では、軸方向が鉛直方向となるように配置されたリニアアクチュエータ30および往復式ポンプ50について説明するが、本発明はこれに限らず、軸方向が水平方向となる場合や角度を持たせた方向となるように配置されたリニアアクチュエータ30および往復式ポンプ50を用いてもよい。
図2、図3に示すように、油圧シリンダユニット(リニアアクチュエータ30)は、電動モータ31、油圧ポンプ32、第1の油圧配管33、第2の油圧配管34、固定部40、油圧シリンダ41、油圧ピストン42、等を備える。
油圧シリンダユニットは、架台100の天板101に設けられている。天板101は脚102により支持されており、脚102は船体の甲板や内底板等の構造体に固定される。
電動モータ31がサーボモータである場合、電動モータ31の正逆の回転方向に応じて油圧ポンプ32から作動油が吐出される方向が切り替わる。例えば、電動モータ31の正回転時には、油圧ポンプ32は第1の油圧配管33内の作動油を吸引し、吸引した作動油を第2の油圧配管34側へ吐出する。また、電動モータ31の逆回転時には、油圧ポンプ32は第2の油圧配管34内の作動油を吸引し、吸引した作動油を第1の油圧配管33側へ吐出する。この場合、第1の油圧配管33および第2の油圧配管34に方向切替弁は不要である。
一方、電動モータ31がインバータモータである場合、作動油が流れる方向は、第1の油圧配管33および第2の油圧配管34に設けられる方向切替弁(図示せず)によって変更する。
なお、第1の油圧配管33および第2の油圧配管34内の作動油の流量、圧力は、油圧ポンプ32の吐出量によって決定される。電動モータ31がサーボモータである場合、電動モータ31がインバータモータである場合のいずれの場合も、作動油の流量、圧力は電動モータ31の回転数によって調整することができる。
油圧ピストン42はダブルロッド型であり、油圧シリンダ41の上部および下部から外部へ突出するピストンロッド47を有している。ピストンロッド47は油圧ピストン42とともに上下動する。油圧ピストン42がダブルロッド型であるため、油圧ピストン42が上昇したときの上側チャンバ43aの容積の減少量と下側チャンバ43bの容積の増加量とが等しい。油圧ピストン42はシングルロッド型であっても良い。ただし、この場合は移動する作動油の量が変化することによる圧力変動が生じるので脈動防止タンクを設けるのが望ましい。
油圧シリンダ41のピストンロッド47が貫通する部分には、ブッシュ46が設けられている。ブッシュ46内にはオイルシールが組み込まれている。ブッシュ46はピストンロッド47を上下動可能に支持するとともに、作動油収容空間43から作動油が漏出することを防いでいる。
往復式ポンプ50として、例えば特許第5519857号に記載されているのと同様の構造を有する往復式ポンプを用いることができる。
具体的には、往復式ポンプ50は、昇圧用シリンダ51と、昇圧用ピストン52と、シリンダライナ53と、カバー54と、弁箱60と、等を有する。
昇圧用シリンダ51は内部に昇圧用ピストン52、シリンダライナ53、および弁箱60を収容する空間を有し、昇圧シリンダ51の下端部にはカバー54が固定されている。カバー54によってシリンダライナ53および弁箱60は昇圧用シリンダ51内で固定されている。
カバー54には、鉛直方向に貫通する吐出口56が設けられている。吐出口56は高圧燃料供給管13と接続されている。
また、昇圧用ピストン52の上端部には、位置センサが設けられる。位置センサは、昇圧用ピストン52の鉛直方向の位置を検出し、位置信号をコントローラ21に出力する。なお、位置信号を用いて、昇圧用ピストン52の変位を時間微分することにより、昇圧用ピストン52の速度を求めることができる。すなわち、位置センサを速度センサとしても用いることができる。さらに、昇圧用ピストン52の速度を時間微分することにより、昇圧用ピストン52の加速度を求めることができる。すなわち、位置センサを加速度センサとしても用いることができる。
なお、位置センサを油圧シリンダ41に取り付けてもよい。
具体的には、磁歪式位置センサ70は、センサプローブ71(磁歪線)と、環状マグネット72と、検出器73とを有する。センサプローブ71は空洞部48内に鉛直方向に設けられる。環状マグネット72は中央にセンサプローブ71が挿入された状態で、センサプローブ71に沿って昇圧用ピストン52とともに上下動するように昇圧用ピストン52の上端部に取り付けられる。センサプローブ71の一端にはセンサプローブ71に生じる歪みを検出する検出器73が設けられている。センサプローブ71に電流パルス信号を与えると、センサプローブ71を中心とする円周方向の磁場が生じる。センサプローブ71のマグネット72と同じ高さの位置では、センサプロ-ブ71の軸方向に磁場が与えられるため、軸方向に対して斜め方向の合成磁場が生じる。これにより、センサプローブ71に局部的なねじり歪みが生じる。検出器73はこのねじり歪みを検出することで、マグネット72の高さ方向の位置を検出し、昇圧用ピストン52の高さ方向の位置を示す位置信号をコントローラ21に出力する。
吐出流路61は弁箱60を鉛直方向に貫通するように設けられている。吐出流路61の内部には、吐出用弁体62が鉛直方向に移動可能に収容されている。吐出流路61の上端部側は内径が吐出用弁体62の外径よりも小さい細径部となっている。細径部の下側開口は、吐出用弁体62が配置される弁座63となっている。吐出用弁体62および弁座63により吐出弁が構成される。
吐出流路61の弁箱60の下側の開口はカバー54の吐出口56と対向する位置に設けられている。
吸入流路64の弁箱60の上面側の開口の外周部は吸入用弁体65用の弁座66となっており、弁座66の上部に吸入用弁体65が鉛直方向に移動可能に設けられている。吸入用弁体65および弁座66により吸入弁が構成される。
次に、電動モータにサーボモータを使用したリニアアクチュエータ30および往復式ポンプ50の動作について説明する。
まず、電動モータ31により油圧ポンプ32を駆動し、図2に示すように、上側チャンバ43a内の作動油を上側貫通孔44から排出し、第1の油圧配管33、第2の油圧配管34を経て下側貫通孔45から下側チャンバ43b(第1チャンバ)へ供給する。すると、下側チャンバ43bの容積が大きくなり、上側チャンバ43aの容積が小さくなるように、油圧ピストン42が作動油収容空間43内で上昇する。なお、第1の油圧配管33および第2の油圧配管は分岐等を有さないため、上側チャンバ43aから流出した作動油は全て下側チャンバ43bへ供給される。
また、図4の一点鎖線は昇圧用ピストンがクランク駆動される場合の昇圧用ピストンの速度の時間変化である。昇圧用ピストンがクランク駆動されるとき、昇圧用ピストンは単振動をしている。すなわち、昇圧用ピストンの振幅をA、周期をT、昇圧用ピストンの速度をV、時間をtとするとき、Vは以下の式(1)で表すことができる。
V=A(2π/T)sin(2π/T)t ・・・(1)
また、昇圧用ピストンが単振動をしているときの加速度をaとするとき、aは以下の式(2)で表すことができる。
a=A(2π/T)2cos(2π/T)t ・・・(2)
昇圧用ピストンがクランク駆動される場合も、ピストン速度が正である時間t0からt1にかけて往復式ポンプ50は燃料を吐出し、ピストン速度が負である時間t1からt4にかけて往復式ポンプ50は燃料を吸入する。
なお、対比のために、本実施形態の場合(実線)と単振動の場合(一点鎖線)とで周期Tおよびストローク(振幅Aの2倍)を同一としている。すなわち、時間t0からt1にかけて(吐出時)の速度の積分値は、本実施形態の場合(実線)と単振動の場合(一点鎖線)とで同一であり、2Aである。同様に、時間t1からt4にかけて(吸入時)の速度の積分値は、本実施形態の場合(実線)と単振動の場合(一点鎖線)とで同一であり、-2Aである。
一方、昇圧用ピストンが単振動する場合(一点鎖線)、t1からt2までの間に昇圧用ピストン52の加速度の絶対値が最大となるときは吸入開始時(t1)であり、加速度の絶対値の最大値は図4の一点鎖線のt1における傾きの絶対値であり、A(2π/T)2である。
V=A(2π/T)sin(2π/T)t ・・・(1)
また、昇圧用ピストンが単振動をしているときの加速度をaとするとき、aは以下の式(2)で表すことができる。
a=A(2π/T)2cos(2π/T)t ・・・(2)
一方、昇圧用ピストンが単振動する場合(一点鎖線)、昇圧用ピストン52の加速度の絶対値が最大となるときは吸入開始時(t2)であり、加速度の絶対値の最大値は図5の一点鎖線のt2における傾きの絶対値であり、A(2π/T)2である。
また、図5に示すように、燃料を吸入する期間(t1からt5までの間)を吐出する期間(t0からt1までの間)よりも長くすることで、吸入時の昇圧用ピストン52の速度の絶対値の最大値(実線のt3からt4までの間の速度の絶対値の最大値)を単振動の場合の速度の絶対値の最大値であるA(2π/T)よりも小さくすることができる。このため、最大速度まで加速するための加速度の絶対値の最大値を小さくすることができる。
また、油圧ピストン42および昇圧用ピストン52を鉛直方向に移動させるため、反作用として油圧シリンダ41および昇圧用シリンダ51もまた鉛直方向の力を受ける。このため、油圧ピストン42および昇圧用ピストン52を駆動しても、油圧シリンダ41および昇圧用シリンダ51の設置場所には水平方向に作用する力が働かないため、油圧シリンダ41および昇圧用シリンダ51を容易に固定することができる。また、油圧シリンダ41および昇圧用シリンダ51の設置に必要な床面積を小さくすることができる。
また、複数の燃料供給部20A、20B、20Cは独立して制御可能であるため、内燃機関90の燃料需要に応じて稼動する燃料供給部の数を変更することもできる。
また、上記説明においては、船舶に搭載する燃料供給装置について説明したが、本発明はこれに限られることはない。リニアアクチュエータ30および往復式ポンプ50は任意の構造体上に設置することができる。例えば、自動車の車体上にリニアアクチュエータ30および往復式ポンプ50を搭載してもよいし、建物の躯体の床上にリニアアクチュエータ30および往復式ポンプ50を設置してもよい。
図6は、電動シリンダユニットをリニアアクチュエータ30として用いた燃料供給部を示す図である。なお、図2、図3と同様の構成については、同符号を付して説明を割愛する。
電動シリンダユニットは、電動モータ31、歯車35a、35b、ボールナット37、ボールねじ38を備える。
歯車35aは電動モータ31の動力で回転し、歯車35aの回転は歯車35bに伝達される。
歯車35bはボールナット37と一体に設けられており、歯車35aの回転をボールナット37に伝達する。
ボールナット37はボールねじ38と螺合しており、歯車35bとともに回転する。
ボールねじ38の下端は連結部49により昇圧用ピストン52の上端と連結されている。ボールナット37が回転することでボールねじ38は軸方向に移動する。ボールねじ38が軸方向に移動することで、昇圧用ピストン52もまた軸方向に移動する。
本変形例においても、リニアアクチュエータ30として油圧シリンダユニットを用いた場合と同様の効果が得られる。
なお、ポンプ設置場所が非防爆箇所、あるいは第二種危険場所の場合には、歯車35a、35bの代わりに、プーリおよびタイミングベルトを用いて電動モータ31の回転をボールナットに伝達してもよい。
11 液体燃料タンク
12 低圧燃料供給管
13 高圧燃料供給管
14 熱交換器
15 高温燃料供給管
16 調圧弁
17 圧力計
20A、20B、20C 燃料供給部
21 コントローラ
30 リニアアクチュエータ
31 電動モータ
32 油圧ポンプ
33 第1の油圧配管
34 第2の油圧配管
35a、35b 歯車
37 ボールナット
38 ボールねじ
41 油圧シリンダ
42 油圧ピストン
42b、52b ピストンリング
43 作動油収容空間
43a 上側チャンバ
43b 下側チャンバ
47 ピストンロッド
48 断熱空洞部
49 連結部
50 往復式ポンプ
51 昇圧用シリンダ
51a、52a ライダーリング
52 昇圧用ピストン
53 シリンダライナ
54 カバー
55 吸入口
56 吐出口
57 ロッドパッキン部
60 弁箱
61 吐出流路
62 吐出用弁体
63、66 弁座
64 吸入流路
65 吸入用弁体
70 位置センサ
80 制御部
90 内燃機関
Claims (9)
- 内燃機関の燃焼室内へ燃料を供給する燃料供給装置であって、
リニアアクチュエータと、
前記リニアアクチュエータによって駆動され軸方向に往復する昇圧用ピストンを有し、前記昇圧用ピストンが軸方向に往復することにより前記燃料の吸入と吸入時よりも昇圧した燃料の吐出を交互に繰り返す往復式ポンプと、
前記リニアアクチュエータの駆動を制御するコントローラと、
を備え、
前記コントローラは、
前記昇圧用ピストンが軸方向に往復する振幅をA(A>0)、往復する周期をTとしたとき、
前記往復式ポンプが前記燃料を吸入する時の前記昇圧用ピストンの速度の絶対値を増加させる加速度の絶対値の最大値が、A・(2π/T)2よりも小さく、かつ、
前記往復式ポンプが前記燃料を吐出する時の前記昇圧用ピストンの加速度の絶対値の最大値が、A・(2π/T)2よりも大きくなるように前記リニアアクチュエータを制御する、燃料供給装置。 - 内燃機関の燃焼室内へ燃料を供給する燃料供給装置であって、
低圧の燃料が供給される低圧燃料供給管と、
前記燃焼室内へ供給される高圧の燃料が供給される高圧燃料供給管と、
前記低圧燃料供給管と前記高圧燃料供給管との間に設けられ、前記低圧燃料供給管内の燃料を昇圧してそれぞれ前記高圧燃料供給管に供給する複数の燃料供給部と、
前記複数の燃料供給部を制御する制御部と、
を備え、
前記燃料供給部のそれぞれは、
内燃機関の燃焼室内へ燃料を供給する燃料供給装置であって、
リニアアクチュエータと、
前記リニアアクチュエータによって駆動され軸方向に往復する昇圧用ピストンを有し、前記昇圧用ピストンが軸方向に往復することにより前記燃料の吸入と吸入時よりも昇圧した燃料の吐出を交互に繰り返す往復式ポンプと、
前記リニアアクチュエータの駆動を制御するコントローラと、
を備え、
前記コントローラは、
前記昇圧用ピストンが軸方向に往復する振幅をA(A>0)、往復する周期をTとしたとき、
前記往復式ポンプが前記燃料を吸入する時の前記昇圧用ピストンの速度の絶対値を増加させる加速度の絶対値の最大値が、A・(2π/T)2よりも小さく、かつ、
前記往復式ポンプが前記燃料を吐出する時の前記昇圧用ピストンの加速度の絶対値の最大値が、A・(2π/T)2よりも大きくなるように前記リニアアクチュエータを制御し、
前記制御部は、前記複数の燃料供給部のいずれか1つの昇圧用シリンダが燃料を吐出するときに、他の燃料供給部の昇圧用シリンダが燃料を吸入するように前記コントローラのそれぞれを制御する、燃料供給装置。 - 前記コントローラは、前記往復式ポンプが前記燃料を吸入するときの前記昇圧用ピストンの加速度が最大となるときが、前記往復式ポンプが前記燃料の吸入を開始するときよりも後、かつ前記燃料の吸入を開始するときから前記周期の1/4の時間が経過するよりも前となるように前記リニアアクチュエータを制御する、請求項1又は2に記載の燃料供給装置。
- 前記往復式ポンプは、昇圧用ピストンを鉛直方向に移動可能に収容する昇圧用シリンダを有し、
前記昇圧用ピストンが鉛直上方向に移動することにより前記昇圧用シリンダの内部であって前記昇圧用ピストンの下部に前記燃料を吸入し、前記昇圧用ピストンが鉛直下方向に移動することにより前記燃料を昇圧して吐出する、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の燃料供給装置。 - 前記昇圧用ピストンの軸方向の速度を検出する速度センサをさらに有する、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の燃料供給装置。
- 前記リニアアクチュエータは、油圧シリンダユニットであって、
作動油を収容する作動油収容空間を有し、軸方向が鉛直方向となるように配置された油圧シリンダと、
前記油圧シリンダ内で軸方向に移動可能に設けられ、前記作動油収容空間を第1チャンバと第2チャンバとに区画する油圧ピストンと、
前記油圧ピストンと前記昇圧用ピストンとを連結するピストンロッドと、
前記第1チャンバに作動油を供給することで前記油圧ピストンを軸方向の第1の方向に移動させ、前記第2チャンバに作動油を供給することで前記油圧ピストンを軸方向の第2の方向に移動させる油圧ポンプと、
前記油圧ピストンが軸方向に往復するように前記油圧ポンプを駆動する電動モータとを備え、
前記コントローラは、前記電動モータを制御することで前記油圧ピストンの前記油圧シリンダ内での移動を制御する、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の燃料供給装置。 - 前記油圧シリンダユニットは、
一端が前記油圧ポンプと接続され、他端が前記第1チャンバと接続され、前記油圧ポンプから吐出される全ての作動油を前記第1チャンバに供給し、前記第1チャンバから排出される全ての作動油を前記油圧ポンプに戻す密閉された第1の油圧配管と、
一端が前記油圧ポンプと接続され、他端が前記第2チャンバと接続され、前記油圧ポンプから吐出される全ての作動油を前記第2チャンバに供給し、前記第2チャンバから排出される全ての作動油を前記油圧ポンプに戻す密閉された第2の油圧配管と、
をさらに備える、請求項6に記載の燃料供給装置。 - 前記リニアアクチュエータは、電動シリンダユニットであって、
電動モータと、
前記電動モータの動力により回転するボールナットと、
前記ボールナットが螺合し、軸方向が前記昇圧用ピストンの軸方向と一致した状態で前記昇圧用ピストンと連結され、前記ボールナットの回転により軸方向に移動するボールねじと、
を備え、
前記コントローラは、前記電動モータを制御することで前記ボールねじの軸方向の移動を制御する、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の燃料供給装置。 - 内燃機関の燃焼室内へ燃料を供給する燃料供給方法であって、
リニアアクチュエータによって駆動され軸方向に往復する昇圧用ピストンを有し、前記昇圧用ピストンが軸方向に往復することにより前記燃料の吸入と吸入時よりも昇圧した燃料の吐出を交互に繰り返す往復式ポンプの前記昇圧用ピストンが軸方向に往復する振幅をA(A>0)、往復する周期をTとしたとき、
前記往復式ポンプが前記燃料を吸入する時の前記昇圧用ピストンの速度の絶対値を増加させる加速度の絶対値の最大値が、A・(2π/T)2よりも小さく、かつ、
前記往復式ポンプが前記燃料を吐出する時の前記昇圧用ピストンの加速度の絶対値の最大値が、A・(2π/T)2よりも大きくなるように前記リニアアクチュエータを制御する、燃料供給方法。
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JP6421767B2 (ja) * | 2016-02-12 | 2018-11-14 | 株式会社デンソー | 燃料ポンプの制御装置 |
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