WO2016145669A1 - 感应式磁电生化反应系统及其应用 - Google Patents

感应式磁电生化反应系统及其应用 Download PDF

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WO2016145669A1
WO2016145669A1 PCT/CN2015/075098 CN2015075098W WO2016145669A1 WO 2016145669 A1 WO2016145669 A1 WO 2016145669A1 CN 2015075098 W CN2015075098 W CN 2015075098W WO 2016145669 A1 WO2016145669 A1 WO 2016145669A1
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magnetoelectric
inductive
reaction system
biochemical reaction
magnetic field
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French (fr)
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徐学明
杨哪
金亚美
吴凤凤
金征宇
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Jiangnan University
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Jiangnan University
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    • B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
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    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
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    • B01J2219/085—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy creating magnetic fields
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    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
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    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
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    • C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
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    • C12M35/00—Means for application of stress for stimulating the growth of microorganisms or the generation of fermentation or metabolic products; Means for electroporation or cell fusion
    • C12M35/02—Electrical or electromagnetic means, e.g. for electroporation or for cell fusion
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    • C12M35/00—Means for application of stress for stimulating the growth of microorganisms or the generation of fermentation or metabolic products; Means for electroporation or cell fusion
    • C12M35/06—Magnetic means

Definitions

  • the invention particularly relates to a multi-dimensionally controlled inductive magnetoelectric biochemical reaction system and its application, for example, in the following fields, including: auxiliary acid, enzymatic hydrolysis and modification of natural polymer raw materials; auxiliary extraction of natural products, Induction affects biochemical reactions.
  • Biochemical reactor is a kind of system equipment that can provide suitable reaction conditions for chemical and biological reactions, and can convert raw materials into specific products under certain operating parameters, and is applied to light industry sectors such as chemical industry and biology.
  • Current liquid phase reactors include a tank reactor, a hydrothermal synthesis reactor, a vacuum reactor, a photocatalytic reactor, a microwave chemical reactor, an electrochemical reactor, and the like.
  • Controllable operating conditions for these reactors include temperature, pressure, vacuum, agitation rate, source type, source power, microwave power, electrode morphology, electrode area, voltage strength, and the like.
  • the control parameters of these reactors are relatively simple, and it is impossible to effectively combine the magnetic field, electric field and temperature to achieve multi-dimensional control of the reaction system.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide an inductive magnetoelectric biochemical reaction system which is rich in operational parameters.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an application of the inductive magnetoelectric biochemical reaction system.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention includes:
  • An inductive magnetoelectric biochemical reaction system comprising:
  • Reaction unit including:
  • reaction chamber including a reactant vessel, and the reaction chamber is placed in a rotatable radial magnetic field
  • the primary coil is wound on one side of a closed core and connected to a control unit.
  • the secondary coil including an insulating conduit through which a reaction solution as a conductor flows, and both ends of the insulating conduit and the reactant container Connected
  • a rotating magnetic field unit for generating the rotatable radial magnetic field
  • control unit is configured to at least adjust an excitation voltage and a signal type applied to the primary coil.
  • control unit includes a function signal generator, the function signal generator output being coupled to the power amplifier input, and the power amplifier output coupled to the primary coil.
  • the function signal generator is capable of emitting an alternating current signal having a frequency range of 50 to 200 Hz and a voltage width ranging from 10 to 20 Vp-p, the alternating current signal including a sine wave, a triangular wave, a sawtooth wave, and a single A square wave, a two-way square wave, or a custom function signal.
  • the power amplifier has a power of 80 to 200 VA, an output AC voltage range of 200 to 400 Vp-p, and a full power bandwidth of 50 to 200 Hz.
  • the rotating magnetic field unit comprises:
  • the tile-type permanent magnet has a central magnetic induction of 2000 to 3000 Gs.
  • the tile type permanent magnet includes neodymium iron boron magnetic steel, but is not limited thereto.
  • the tile-type permanent magnet has an arc of 170°.
  • the rotating magnetic field unit further includes a detachable iron yoke cylinder, the two tile-shaped permanent magnets are annularly fixed on the inner wall of the iron yoke cylinder, and the iron yoke cylinder and the driving mechanism Drive connection.
  • the drive mechanism includes a servo motor controlled by a servo motor controller that is coupled to the iron yoke cylinder.
  • reaction unit further comprises:
  • a temperature control unit for controlling the temperature inside the reactant vessel to -20 to 100 °C.
  • the temperature control unit comprises a constant temperature circulating water bath that is connected to the water inlet and the water outlet of the jacket layer on the reaction chamber.
  • the primary coil is a single-strand copper coil having a diameter of 6 to 8 mm and a number of turns of 20 to 26 inches.
  • the secondary coil includes a glass spring support having an inner diameter of 2 to 3 mm, a number of turns of 10 to 13, and a total length of 700 to 900 mm.
  • the closed core is preferably, but not limited to, a silicon steel material and operates at a frequency in the range of 50 to 200 Hz.
  • the secondary coil uses a glass spring as a support for the reaction solution conductor and is connected to both ends of the reactant container to form a communication state, while the upper end of the reactant container is provided with a main feed.
  • the material inlet has a secondary feed port communicating with the glass spring in a vertical direction, and the reaction chamber is further provided with a glass jacket for circulating liquid at different temperatures.
  • a biochemical reaction method comprising:
  • the biochemical reaction method further comprises: adjusting the temperature of the reactant vessel to a temperature required for the reaction before or during the reaction.
  • the biochemical reaction method further comprises: using a function signal generator to emit a sine wave having a frequency of 50 to 200 Hz and a voltage width of 10 to 20 Vp-p, a triangular wave, a sawtooth wave, a one-way square wave, a two-way square wave or Customizing the function signal, and then amplifying the signal using a power amplifier having a power of 80 to 200 VA and a full power bandwidth of 50 to 200 Hz and outputting an AC signal voltage width of 200 to 400 Vp-p and exciting the Primary coil.
  • a function signal generator to emit a sine wave having a frequency of 50 to 200 Hz and a voltage width of 10 to 20 Vp-p, a triangular wave, a sawtooth wave, a one-way square wave, a two-way square wave or Customizing the function signal, and then amplifying the signal using a power amplifier having a power of 80 to 200 VA and a full power bandwidth of 50 to 200 Hz and outputting an AC signal voltage width of 200 to 400 V
  • the inductive magnetoelectric biochemical reaction system or the foregoing biochemical reaction method is used for assisting acid hydrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis and modification of natural polymer raw materials, assisting extraction of natural products, and inducing applications affecting biochemical reactions.
  • the inductive magnetoelectric biochemical reaction system of the present invention has more operating conditions, including signal type, signal voltage amplitude, signal frequency, rotating magnetic field strength, rotating magnetic field frequency and temperature;
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an inductive magnetoelectric biochemical reaction system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a reaction chamber in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 3a-3c are front, side and perspective views of two opposing tile-type neodymium iron boron magnets in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic exploded view showing a rotating magnetic field unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a waveform diagram of a one-way square wave used in the preparation of hydroxypropyl glutinous rice starch in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 6 is a waveform diagram of a custom wave used to assist in the preparation of enzymatically modified corn starch in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 7 is a waveform diagram of a custom wave used for assisting acidolysis of cellulose in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a waveform diagram of a triangular wave used for assisting extraction of pectin in apple pomace according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 9 is a waveform diagram of a custom wave used in an ethanol-lactic acid esterification reaction according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • reaction system device chain 100 signal generator 101, power amplifier 102, constant temperature circulating water bath 103, primary coil 104, closed iron core 105, reaction unit 200, secondary feed port 201, reaction chamber 202, glass Spring 203, reactant container 204, main feed port 205, glass jacket 206, jacket water inlet 207, jacket water outlet 208, rotating magnetic field unit 300, two 170° neodymium iron boron magnetic tiles 301 opposite to each other
  • an aspect of the present invention provides an inductive magnetoelectric biochemical reaction system, which aims to provide a novel biochemical reaction system and to realize multi-dimensional control of processing parameters of a reaction system, including signal types and signals. Intensity, signal frequency, rotating magnetic field strength, rotating magnetic field frequency and temperature.
  • the inductive magnetoelectric biochemical reaction system may include a closed iron core, a primary coil, a glass spring as a support for a reaction solution conductor in the secondary coil, a reaction chamber, a control unit, Rotating magnetic field unit, etc.
  • the working principle of the reaction system is based on the induction method of the transformer: the secondary coil of the closed iron core is excited by voltages of different waveforms, frequencies and different amplitudes, and corresponding alternating magnetic flux is generated in the closed iron core, and The reaction solution produces an alternating induced voltage in the conductor of the secondary coil, wherein both ends of the reactant vessel are in communication with the secondary coil solution.
  • the biochemical substances in the reaction chamber are also affected by the rotating magnetic field outside the cavity, so the charged ions, charged particles, charged organic compounds and charged proteins and charged enzymes in the reaction system are subjected to alternating induced voltage and alternating
  • the combination of magnetic fields causes the conduction effect of the solution reaction system to increase, changing the diffusion rate of charged ions, charged particles, charged organic matter, charged proteins and enzymes, and also inducing the rate of biochemical reactions.
  • H magnetic field strength
  • l closed magnetic circuit length
  • i current in the closed loop
  • N number of coil turns
  • the varying magnetic flux in the core magnetic circuit produces an equally variable induced voltage E s in the secondary coil (N s ):
  • E s induced voltage
  • N s secondary coil turns
  • d ⁇ magnetic flux differential
  • dt time differential
  • Equation (5) E, U are the induced voltage and the terminal voltage, respectively, and N is the number of turns of the coil. In the case where the excitation voltage and the primary and secondary coil turns ratio are fixed, the induced voltage is constant.
  • the induced voltage E s in the secondary circuit is shared by the external load and the coil impedance due to the internal impedance present in the secondary coil. If the electrically conductive solution is used as the secondary coil conductor, the induced voltage can be obtained according to the Ampere loop law under the influence of the alternating magnetic flux.
  • a certain amount of charged ions, charged compounds, charged particles, and surface charged proteins and enzymes are contained, and these charged ions, charged compounds, charged particles, charged proteins, and enzymes are under an electric field.
  • F E the electric field force
  • Moving charged ions, charged compounds, charged particles, charged proteins and enzymes are affected by the vertical magnetic field.
  • the motion trajectory is shifted by the Lorentz force (F M ).
  • the alternating magnetic field can generate tiny induced currents in the conductive solution, breaking the association structure of water molecules in the liquid, and making the larger associated water molecules become smaller associated water molecules, even a single water. Molecules, which also reduce the viscosity of the solution. This is because water molecules are linked by hydrogen bonds, and the degree of bonding is not as strong as that of chemical bonds, so they are in a dynamic equilibrium of constant disconnection and bonding, as in Equation 6:
  • the energy required for such dynamic equilibrium is provided by the thermal motion of water molecules.
  • the alternating magnetic field will inevitably provide energy for the thermal movement of water molecules in the reaction system, which is beneficial to the dynamic equilibrium to the direction in which the water molecules open, resulting in the rupture of hydrogen bonds between some water molecules, and the activity of water molecules in the solution is enhanced, ie, biochemical reaction.
  • the number of available water molecules available in the system increases.
  • the chemical reaction rate in the solution system is closely related to the activation energy.
  • the activation energy is lowered, and the lower the activation energy, the faster the reaction rate.
  • no alternating electric field and alternating magnetic field are applied, the charged solute and water molecules in the solution system do irregular movement.
  • the alternating electric field and the alternating magnetic field are simultaneously applied, and the electric field and the magnetic field are perpendicular to each other, the charging is performed therein. Ions, charged compounds, charged particles, charged proteins and enzymes are subjected to periodic alternating electric field forces and alternating magnetic field forces, resulting in large-scale orientational motion.
  • the application of the alternating electric field and the alternating magnetic field can increase the activity of the water molecules in the biochemical reaction solution and cause the oriented action of the charged solute, ultimately affecting the diffusion and migration behavior of the charged solute in the biochemical reaction system, and affecting its biochemical reaction. .
  • the primary coil is excited by different kinds of signals and the alternating magnetic flux is generated to further affect the solution reaction system, and combined with the action of the rotating magnetic field to cause the system.
  • biochemical substances have different nuclear-to-plasma ratios, specific biochemical reaction effects are produced under the influence of different types, different frequencies, different amplitude signals, and different magnetic induction intensities and different frequencies of rotating magnetic fields.
  • Such biochemical reactors have more operational parameters.
  • the reaction solution is used as a secondary coil conductor and an insulator such as a glass spring is used as a reaction solution conductor in the secondary coil.
  • the arbitrary function signal sent by the function signal generator is amplified by the power amplifier to excite the primary coil, and the alternating magnetic flux corresponding to the regular change is generated in the closed iron core, and the alternating induced voltage is obtained in the secondary coil, that is, the reaction solution.
  • the outer side of the reaction chamber has a rotatable radial magnetic field
  • the reaction chamber also has a jacket structure to connect the circulating liquid of different temperatures through the constant temperature circulating water bath, thereby achieving the effect of controlling the temperature of the reaction system.
  • the detailed work of the biochemical reaction system may include: using a function signal generator to emit a sine wave, a triangular wave, a sawtooth wave, a one-way square wave, a bidirectional square wave or a custom function signal having a frequency range of 50 to 200 Hz, and the voltage of the above AC signal
  • the width ranges from 10 to 20 Vp-p; then a power amplifier with a power of 80 to 200 VA and a full power bandwidth of 50 to 200 Hz is used, and the signal is amplified to have an AC voltage width ranging from 200 to 400 Vp-p;
  • the signal excites the primary coil; at the same time, the primary coil winding is wound on one side of the closed core, the operating frequency of the closed core is in the range of 50-200 Hz;
  • the solution in the reaction system is used as the secondary coil conductor and is in communication with the reactant container;
  • the induced voltage of different variation law is obtained in the reaction solution as the secondary coil conductor;
  • the outer side of the reaction chamber is
  • the support as the conductor of the reaction solution in the secondary coil is made of an insulating glass material for the purpose of reducing the power loss of the secondary coil.
  • the primary coil may be a single-strand copper wire having a diameter of 6 to 8 mm and a number of turns of 20 to 26 inches.
  • the support of the secondary coil reaction solution conductor is a glass spring having an inner diameter of 2 to 3 mm, a number of turns of 10 to 13, and a total length of the glass spring of 700 to 900 mm.
  • the reactant container in the reaction chamber has an inner diameter of 20 to 25 mm and a length of 130 mm.
  • the upper end of the reactant container has a main feed port, and the reactant container has a side perpendicular to the glass spring.
  • the feed port has a glass jacket on the outside of the reactant container for introducing a circulating liquid of different temperatures to achieve the reaction temperature control, and the reaction chamber and the overall height of the main feed port does not exceed 60 mm.
  • the temperature control of the reaction system is controlled by a constant temperature circulating water bath and is connected to the water outlet and the water inlet of the jacket on the reaction chamber.
  • the rotating radial magnetic field is formed by the relative placement of two 170° Watt-type NdFeB magnets, that is, the N pole of one magnetic tile to the S pole of the other magnetic tile, the tile type ferroniobium Boron magnet steel length 130mm, outer diameter 80mm, inner diameter 65mm, thickness 15mm, central magnetic induction strength 2000-3000Gs, 2 tile type NdFeB magnets fixed by the outer iron yoke cylinder, the iron yoke cylinder is detachable, and The servo motor drives the gear to drive its constant speed rotation, and the servo motor is controlled by the servo motor controller.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a method of biochemical reaction using the inductive magnetoelectric biochemical reaction system.
  • Still another aspect of the present invention provides the use of the inductive magnetoelectric biochemical reaction system, which can be applied in the following fields, including: auxiliary acid hydrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis and modification of natural polymer raw materials; assisted extraction of natural products; induction Affect biochemical reaction research; not limited to this.
  • the inductive magnetoelectric biochemical reaction system of the present invention has more operating conditions, including signal type, signal amplitude, signal frequency, rotating magnetic field strength, rotating magnetic field frequency and temperature.
  • the signal type includes a symmetrical sine wave, a sawtooth wave, a triangular wave, a single-phase square wave, and a bidirectional square wave, and includes a customized asymmetric periodic signal.
  • the alternating magnetic flux corresponding to the regular change is also produced in the closed iron core, resulting in the induction of an asymmetric waveform in the solution system in which the reaction solution is the secondary coil conductor.
  • Periodically asymmetric waveform induced voltages cause the magnitude, direction and duration of the electric field forces they are subjected to.
  • the device does not use an energized pole because the alternating electric field in the reaction solution is derived from the induced voltage. Plate or electrode, thus avoiding electrochemical reactions in the solution system.
  • the following is an example of preparing glutinous hydroxypropyl starch by alkali method, and further illustrating the application of the inductive magnetoelectric biochemical reaction system in the auxiliary modification of natural polymer raw materials.
  • the present invention provides an inductive magnetoelectric biochemical reaction system comprising a reaction system device chain 100, a reaction unit 200, and a rotating magnetic field unit 300.
  • the reaction system device chain 100 includes a signal generator 101, a power amplifier 102, a constant temperature circulating water bath 103, a reaction unit 200, a secondary feed port 201 included in the reaction unit 200, a reaction chamber 202, and a reaction chamber.
  • the servo motor 305, the servo motor controller 306, the primary coil 104, and the iron core 105 are closed.
  • the output of the signal generator 101 is connected to the input of the power amplifier 102, and the output of the power amplifier 102 is connected to the primary coil 104.
  • the function signal generator 101 used can emit a sine wave having a frequency of 50 to 200 Hz. Triangular wave, sawtooth wave, one-way square wave, two-way square wave or custom function signal, the voltage width of the signal ranges from 10 to 20Vp-p; and the power amplifier 102 used has an output power range of 80 to 200VA, full power bandwidth.
  • the signal is amplified 20 times and then the output AC voltage width ranges from 200 to 400 Vp-p;
  • the primary coil 104 is a single-strand copper wire with a diameter of 6 mm and a number of turns of 26 ⁇ ; at the same time, the primary coil 104 is wound around
  • the side of the closed iron core 105 is closed, and the closed iron core 105 is made of silicon steel material, the working frequency ranges from 50 to 200 Hz, the closed center circumference is 520 mm, and the height is 15 mm; the other side of the closed iron core 105 has the wound reaction chamber 202.
  • the glass spring 203 has an inner diameter of 3 mm, a number of turns of 13 ⁇ , and a total length of 856 mm of the glass spring 203.
  • the main body of the reaction unit 200 is schematically shown in FIG. 2, and the reactant container 204 and the glass spring 203 are connected at both ends.
  • the reactant container 204 in the reaction chamber 202 has an inner diameter of 25 mm and a length of 130 mm.
  • the upper end of the reactant container 204 has a main feed port 205, and the main feed port 205 has a diameter of 25 mm, and the reactant container One side of the 204 has a secondary feed port 201 that is in vertical communication with the glass spring 203, and a glass jacket 206 is externally disposed on the reactant container 204 for introducing a circulating liquid of different temperatures to control the temperature of the reaction system, wherein Jacket inlet 207, jacket outlet 208, reaction chamber 202 containing the main feed port 205 overall height does not exceed 60mm; reaction chamber 202 and the main feed port 205 outside is a rotating radial magnetic field, the diameter
  • the magnetic field is formed by the relative placement of two 170°-type silicon-type neodymium-iron-boron magnets 301, that is, the N pole of one magnetic tile is opposite to the S pole of the other magnetic tile, and the length of the tile-shaped NdFeB magnet is 130 mm.
  • the diameter is 80mm, the inner diameter is 65mm, and the thickness is 15mm. See Figure 3.
  • the central magnetic induction is 2200Gs.
  • the two-tile NdFeB magnet is fixed by the outer iron yoke cylinder 302.
  • the iron yoke cylinder 302 is detachable and is driven by a servo motor.
  • the servomotor 305 306 control the servo motor is controlled by the rotational frequency of up to 0.1 ⁇ 50Hz, rotating magnetic unit shown in Figure 4; the reaction system
  • the temperature control uses a constant temperature circulating water bath 103 and is connected to the water inlet 207 and the water outlet 208 on the circulating water jacket 206 of the reaction chamber 202, and the temperature ranges from -20 to 100 °C.
  • the hydroxypropyl glutinous rice starch is prepared by modifying the glutinous rice starch by using the reaction system, which comprises the following steps:
  • Step 1 Take 13 g of glutinous rice starch in a beaker, add 40 g of distilled water, mix and shake to obtain a starch emulsion, stir at 40 ° C for 15 min, while slowly adding 0.95 g of anhydrous sodium sulfate, stirring for 5 min, and then adding a concentration of 1 mol / L 5mL of NaOH solution, stirred for 3min;
  • Step 2 taking the above starch emulsion from the secondary feed port 201, filling the glass spring 203, then entering the reactant container 204, and then adding 0.8 g of propylene oxide from the main feed port 205 to the reactant. In the container 204, stir well;
  • the power amplifier 102 is turned on to amplify the one-way square wave signal by 20 times, the primary coil 104 on the closed core 105 is energized, at this time in the reactant container. An induced voltage is generated in the solution of 204.
  • the servo motor controller 306 is adjusted so that the rotation speed of the servo motor 305 is 20 Hz.
  • the rotating magnetic field generates two 170° neodymium iron boron magnetic tiles 301 which are opposite in opposite poles;
  • Step 4 Turn on the constant temperature circulating water bath 103 to allow circulating water of 45 ° C to enter from the water inlet 207 of the glass jacket 206 and then flow out from the water outlet 208;
  • Step 5 After the above state is maintained for 16 hours, the signal generator 101, the power amplifier 102, the servo motor controller 306 and the constant temperature circulating water bath 103 are closed, and the mixed solution discharged from the reactant container 204 is poured into the beaker, and the mass fraction is immediately added to 1%.
  • the reaction was filtered, washed, dried in an oven at 55 ° C for 6 h, and pulverized through a 120 mesh sieve to obtain hydroxypropyl glutinous rice starch.
  • the degree of substitution of the modified hydroxypropyl glutinous rice starch treated by the inductive magnetoelectric system was determined to be 0.12. In contrast, if the other reaction conditions are the same, but the induced voltage and the rotating magnetic field are not applied, that is, only the above reaction solution is placed in the reactant container 204, and the temperature at 45 ° C is maintained for 16 hours, and the finally obtained hydroxypropyl glutinous rice starch is obtained.
  • the degree of substitution is only 0.05.
  • Example 1 The inductive magnetoelectric biochemical reaction system described in Example 1 is used to assist in the enzymatic hydrolysis of natural polymer raw materials, and the method of using the system is further described.
  • the system utilizes the system to assist the enzymatic hydrolysis of corn starch to prepare oil-absorbing corn starch, which comprises the following steps:
  • Step 1 Take 15g of corn starch in the flask, add 50g of distilled water, mix and shake to obtain the starch emulsion, add 1mol/L disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer, adjust the pH of the starch emulsion to 4.0, pre-40 °C Heat stirring for 15 min;
  • the servo motor controller 306 is adjusted so that the rotation speed of the servo motor 305 is 10 Hz.
  • the rotating magnetic field generates two 170° neodymium iron boron magnetic tiles 301 which are opposite in opposite poles;
  • Step 4 Turn on the constant temperature circulating water bath 103 to allow circulating water of 62 ° C to enter from the water inlet 207 of the glass jacket 206 and then flow out from the water outlet 208;
  • Step 5 After the above state is maintained for 4 hours, the signal generator 101, the power amplifier 102, the servo motor controller 306 and the constant temperature circulating water bath 103 are closed, and the mixed solution discharged from the reactant container 204 is poured into the beaker, and the mass fraction is immediately added to 4%. 5 mL of NaOH solution, the pH of the mixed solution was changed to 7, the enzyme reaction was terminated, then the starch milk was centrifuged at 3000 r/min for 15 min and precipitated, and the precipitate was dried in an oven at 55 ° C for 3 h, and then pulverized through a 200 mesh sieve. A modified oil-absorbing corn starch is obtained.
  • the oil absorption rate of the enzymatically hydrolyzed corn starch treated by the inductive magnetoelectric system was detected to be 142%. In contrast, the original corn starch oil absorption rate without any treatment was 24%. If only the above adjusted pH value and the preheated corn starch emulsion were placed in the reactant container 204, the temperature of 62 ° C was also maintained for 4 h, that is, Without applying an induced voltage and a rotating magnetic field, the resulting enzymatic hydrolysis of corn starch has an oil absorption rate of only 85%.
  • Example 1 The inductive magnetoelectric biochemical reaction system described in Example 1 is used to assist the acid hydrolysis of the natural polymer raw material as an example to further illustrate the use of the system.
  • the system is used for assisting hydrochloric acid hydrolysis of cellulose to prepare reducing sugar, which comprises the following steps:
  • Step 1 Take 0.5g of cellulose powder in a beaker, add 50g of distilled water, mix and shake, add 8mL of 36% hydrochloric acid solution, stir evenly;
  • Step two the above reactant is poured from the secondary feed port 201, and filled with the glass spring 203, and then into the reactant container 204;
  • the servo motor controller 306 is adjusted so that the rotation speed of the servo motor 305 is 10 Hz.
  • the rotating magnetic field generates two 170° neodymium iron boron magnetic tiles 301 which are opposite in opposite poles;
  • Step 4 Turn on the constant temperature circulating water bath 103 to allow circulating water of 80 ° C to enter from the water inlet 207 of the glass jacket 206 and then flow out from the water outlet 208;
  • Step 5 After the above state is maintained for 12 hours, the signal generator 101, the power amplifier 102, the servo motor controller 306 and the constant temperature circulating water bath 103 are closed, and the mixed solution discharged from the reactant container 204 is poured into the beaker, and the mass fraction is immediately added to 1%.
  • the content of reducing sugar in the acid-hydrolyzed cellulose filtrate treated by the inductive magnetoelectric system was determined to be 58.4 mg/g.
  • the cellulose-hydrochloric acid mixture is placed in the reactant container 204 without applying an induced voltage and a rotating magnetic field, and the temperature is maintained at 80 ° C for 12 hours.
  • the obtained acid hydrolyzed cellulose filtrate had a reducing sugar content of 12.5 mg/g.
  • Embodiment 1 The inductive magnetoelectric biochemical reaction system described in Embodiment 1 is used as an example to assist in the extraction of natural products, and the method of using the system is further illustrated.
  • the system uses the system to assist the extraction of pectin in the apple poma, namely galacturonic acid, which comprises the following steps:
  • Step 1 Weigh 18g of apple slag with a moisture content of 40%, wash the apple slag with 200mL of distilled water at 35°C and filter it to remove soluble sugars and pigments, and then filter the apple slag.
  • the main feed port 205 is loaded into the reactant container 204;
  • Step 2 50 g of distilled water is poured from the secondary feed port 201 at room temperature, and filled with the glass spring 203 until the apple pomace in the reactant container 204 is submerged, and added from the main feed port 205 with 1 mol/L of HCl.
  • the pH in the reaction system is adjusted to 3;
  • the servo motor controller 306 is adjusted so that the rotation speed of the servo motor 305 is 10 Hz.
  • the rotating magnetic field generates two 170° neodymium iron boron magnetic tiles 301 which are opposite in opposite poles;
  • Step 4 Turn on the constant temperature circulating water bath 103 to make the circulating water of 50 ° C enter from the water inlet 207 of the glass jacket 206 and then flow out from the water outlet 208;
  • Step 5 After the above state is maintained for 60 minutes, the signal generator 101, the power amplifier 102, the servo motor controller 306 and the constant temperature circulating water bath 103 are turned off, the apple slag liquid in the reactant container 204 is discharged, and then centrifuged at 5000 r/min. After 5 minutes of treatment, the apple slag precipitate was separated, and finally the supernatant was obtained.
  • the apple slag treated by the inductive magnetoelectric system was tested and the galacturonic acid content in the supernatant was 13.6% by weight. Compared with this, if only the apple slag is soaked according to the above ratio of the liquid and the pH, and placed in the reactant container 204 The immersion liquid obtained by precipitating the apple slag liquid was measured by immersing at a temperature of 50 ° C for 60 minutes, that is, no induced voltage and a rotating magnetic field were applied, and the galacturonic acid content was only 7.4 wt%. .
  • Example 1 The inductive magnetoelectric biochemical reaction system described in Example 1 is used to induce the influence of the chemical reaction, and the method of using the system is further explained.
  • the system is used for auxiliary synthesis of lactic acid and ethanol to prepare ethyl lactate, which comprises the following steps:
  • Step 1 Take 180g of lactic acid in a volumetric flask, add 50.8g of distilled water, mix and shake to obtain 10mol/L lactic acid aqueous solution; take anhydrous ethanol 92g in a volumetric flask, add 83.5g of distilled water, mix and shake to obtain 10mol/L Aqueous ethanol solution;
  • Step 2 taking 10 mL of a 10 mol/L lactic acid aqueous solution and 32 ml of a 10 mol/L aqueous ethanol solution, and then pouring from the secondary feed port 201, filling the glass spring 203, and then entering the reactant container 204;
  • the servo motor controller 306 is adjusted so that the rotation speed of the servo motor 305 is 5 Hz. At this time, the rotating magnetic field generates two 170° neodymium iron boron magnetic tiles 301 which are opposite in opposite poles;
  • Step 4 Turn on the constant temperature circulating water bath 103 to allow circulating water of 40 ° C to enter from the water inlet 207 of the glass jacket 206 and then flow out from the water outlet 208;
  • Step 5 After the above state is maintained for 10 hours, the signal generator 101, the power amplifier 102, the servo motor controller 306 and the constant temperature circulating water bath 103 are turned off, and the mixed solution in the reactant container 204 is discharged.
  • the content of ethyl lactate in the mixed solution treated by the inductive magnetoelectric system was found to be 0.19 mol/L.
  • the temperature was kept at 30 ° C for 10 hours, that is, no induced voltage and a rotating magnetic field were applied. Then, the ethyl lactate content in the mixed solution at this time was 0.07 mol/L.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种感应式磁电生化反应系统，包括反应单元和控制单元。反应单元包括反应腔体，置于可旋转的径向磁场内且包括反应物容器；初级线圈，绕制于一闭合铁芯一侧，并与控制单元连接；次级线圈，绕制于所述闭合铁芯另一侧，包括供作为导体的反应溶液流通的绝缘管路，且所述绝缘管路的两端与所述反应物容器连通；和旋转磁场单元，用于产生所述可旋转的径向磁场。

Description

感应式磁电生化反应系统及其应用 技术领域
本发明特别涉及一种多维度控制的感应式磁电生化反应系统及其应用，例如在如下领域的应用，包括：天然高分子原料的辅助酸、酶水解和改性；天然产物的辅助萃取，诱导影响生化反应。
背景技术
生化反应器是一种能为化学和生物反应提供适宜反应条件，并且在某一操作参数下可将原料转化成特定产品的系统装备，应用于化工、生物等轻工业部门。目前的液相反应器包括釜式反应器、水热合成反应器、真空反应器、光催化反应器、微波化学反应器、电化学反应器等。上述这些反应器的可控操作条件包括温度、压力、真空度、搅拌速率、光源种类、光源功率、微波功率、电极形态、电极面积、电压强度等。然则，这些反应器的控制参数较为单一，无法有效的将磁场、电场、温度有机的结合以实现对反应体系的多维度控制。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种感应式磁电生化反应系统，其操作参数丰富。
本发明的另一目的在于提供所述感应式磁电生化反应系统的应用。
本发明的又一目的在于提供一种生化反应方法。
为实现前述发明目的，本发明采用的技术方案包括：
一种感应式磁电生化反应系统，包括：
反应单元，包括：
反应腔体，所述反应腔体包括反应物容器，且所述反应腔体被置于一可旋转的径向磁场内，
初级线圈，绕制于一闭合铁芯一侧，并与一控制单元连接，
次级线圈，绕制于所述闭合铁芯另一侧，所述次级线圈包括可供作为导体的反应溶液流通的绝缘管路，且所述绝缘管路的两端与所述反应物容器连通；
旋转磁场单元，用于产生所述可旋转的径向磁场；
以及，控制单元，至少用以调整施加在所述初级线圈上的激励电压及信号种类。
在一实施方案之中，所述控制单元包括函数信号发生器，所述函数信号发生器输出端与功率放大器输入端相连，功率放大器输出端与所述初级线圈连接。
在一实施方案之中，所述函数信号发生器能够发出频率范围在50～200Hz、电压幅宽范围为10～20Vp-p的交流信号，所述交流信号包括正弦波、三角波、锯齿波、单向方波、双向方波或自定义函数信号。
在一实施方案之中，所述功率放大器的功率为80～200VA，输出交流电压幅宽范围为200～400Vp-p，全功率频宽为50～200Hz。
在一实施方案之中，所述旋转磁场单元包括：
呈环形固定设置、且异极相对放置的两块瓦型永磁体，其中任一瓦型永磁体的弧度均小于180°；
以及，用以驱使该两块瓦型永磁体转动的驱动机构。
优选的，所述瓦型永磁体的中心磁感应强度为2000～3000Gs。
进一步的，所述瓦型永磁体包括钕铁硼磁钢，但不限于此。
在一实施方案之中，所述瓦型永磁体的弧度为170°。
进一步的，所述旋转磁场单元还包括可拆解的铁轭圆筒，所述两块瓦型永磁体呈环形固定在所述铁轭圆筒内壁上，且所述铁轭圆筒与驱动机构传动连接。
在一实施方案之中，所述驱动机构包括由伺服电机控制器控制的伺服电机，所述伺服电机与所述铁轭圆筒连接。
较为优选的，所述反应单元还包括：
温控单元，用以将所述反应物容器内部的温度控制于-20～100℃。
在一实施方案之中，所述温控单元包括恒温循环水浴，所述恒温循环水浴与所述反应腔体上的夹套层的进水口和出水口接通。
在一实施方案之中，所述初级线圈为单股铜制线圈，且直径为6～8mm，匝数为20～26匝。
在一实施方案之中，所述次级线圈包括玻璃弹簧支撑体，所述玻璃弹簧的内径为2～3mm，匝数为10～13，总长为700～900mm。
在一实施方案之中，所述闭合铁芯优选采用但不限于硅钢材料，且工作频率范围为50～200Hz。
在一实施方案之中，所述次级线圈采用玻璃弹簧作为反应溶液导体的支撑物并与所述反应物容器的两端相连接并形成联通状态，同时所述反应物容器上端设有主进料口，一侧设有与所述玻璃弹簧垂直相连通的次进料口，以及，所述反应腔体上还设有可供不同温度的循环液体流动的玻璃夹套。
一种生化反应方法，其包括：
提供前述的任一种感应式磁电生化反应系统；
将反应溶液置入所述反应单元，并以所述控制单元向所述初级线圈施加频率为50～200Hz，电压幅宽范围为200～400Vp-p和功率为80～200VA的各类交流激励信号，以及，使所述可旋转的径向磁场以0.1～50Hz的频率旋转，且所述可旋转的径向磁场的中心磁感应强度为2000～3000Gs。
优选的，所述生化反应方法还包括：在反应开始前或反应过程中，调整所述反应物容器的温度至反应所需温度。
进一步的，所述生化反应方法还包括：采用函数信号发生器发出频率为50～200Hz、电压幅宽为10～20Vp-p的正弦波、三角波、锯齿波、单向方波、双向方波或自定义函数信号，然后使用功率为80～200VA、全功率频宽为50～200Hz的功率放大器将所述信号放大并使输出的交流信号电压幅宽为200～400Vp-p且以此激励所述初级线圈。
前述感应式磁电生化反应系统或前述生化反应方法于天然高分子原料的辅助酸水解、酶水解和改性，天然产物辅助萃取，诱导影响生化反应的应用。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点包括：
(1)本发明中的感应式磁电生化反应系统操作条件更为丰富，包括信号种类、信号电压幅值、信号频率、旋转磁场强度、旋转磁场频率和温度等；
(2)利用电磁感应原理，通过产生感应电压而驱动反应溶液体系中的带电离子、带电化合物、带电粒子、带电蛋白质或酶类等，并形成不同的传导效果，再结合旋转磁场的作用，还可影响这些物质在反应体系中的扩散速率，并对生化反应进行有效的影响和诱导；
(3)重要的是，因为反应溶液中的交变电场来源于感应电压，故无需采用通电的极板或电极，可避免溶液体系中的电化学反应的发生。
附图说明
图1是本发明一实施例中一种感应式磁电生化反应系统的结构示意图；
图2是本发明一实施例中一种反应腔体的剖视图；
图3a-图3c是本发明一实施例中相对的两块瓦型钕铁硼磁钢的主视图、侧视图和立体图；
图4是本发明一实施例中一种旋转磁场单元的分解结构示意图；
图5是本发明一实施例中辅助制备羟丙基糯米淀粉所采用的单向方波的波形图；
图6是本发明一实施例中辅助制备酶解改性玉米淀粉所采用的自定义波的波形图；
图7是本发明一实施例中辅助酸解纤维素所采用的自定义波的波形图；
图8是本发明一实施例中辅助提取苹果渣中果胶处理所采用的三角形波的波形图；
图9是本发明一实施例中乙醇-乳酸酯化反应所采用的自定义波的波形图；
附图标记说明：反应系统装置链100、信号发生器101、功率放大器102、恒温循环水浴103、初级线圈104、闭合铁芯105、反应单元200、次进料口201、反应腔体202、玻璃弹簧203、反应物容器204、主进料口205、玻璃夹套206、夹套进水口207、夹套出水口208、旋转磁场单元300、异极相对的2块170°钕铁硼磁瓦301、圆筒铁轭302、铁轭圆筒齿轮303、电机齿轮304、伺服电机305、伺服电机控制器306。
具体实施方式
如前文所述，本发明的一个方面提供了一种感应式磁电生化反应系统，旨在提供一种新型的生化反应系统并且能够实现对反应体系加工参数的多维度控制，包括信号种类、信号强度、信号频率、旋转磁场强度、旋转磁场频率和温度等。
在本发明的一实施方案之中，所述感应式磁电生化反应系统可以包括闭合铁芯、初级线圈、以玻璃弹簧作为次级线圈中反应溶液导体的支撑物、反应腔体、控制单元、旋转磁场单元等。
而该反应系统的工作原理是基于变压器的感应方法：闭合铁芯的次级线圈受到不同波形、频率以及不同幅值的电压激励，在闭合铁芯中产生相应的交变磁通，并在以反应溶液作为次级线圈的导体中生产交变感应电压，其中反应物容器两端与次级线圈溶液连通。同时，反应腔体中的生化物质还受腔体外侧的旋转磁场影响，于是反应体系中的带电离子、带电粒子、带电有机化合物和带电的蛋白质、带电酶类即受交变感应电压和交变磁场共同影响，造成溶液反应体系传导效应增强，改变了带电离子、带电粒子、带电有机物、带电蛋白质和酶类的扩散速率，也诱导性的影响了生化反应速率。
具体而言，就变压器的工作过程而言，若对单相变压器的初级线圈(Np)施加交变的激励电压Up，则会在铁芯中生产相应变化规律的磁通，其数值正比于线圈匝数，由式(1)可知：
Figure PCTCN2015075098-appb-000001
式中：Up＝激励电压，Np＝初级线圈匝数，dφ＝磁通量微分，dt＝时间微分
该电磁感应原理来源于安培环路定律，即在磁场区域中，对选定的磁场H的任意闭合线积分等于穿过闭合路径所界定面的传导电流的代数和，由式(2)和式(3)表征：
Figure PCTCN2015075098-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2015075098-appb-000003
式中：H＝磁场强度，l＝闭合磁路长度，i＝闭合回路中的电流，N＝线圈匝数
铁芯磁路中的变化磁通，会在次级线圈(Ns)中生产同样变化规律的感应电压Es：
Figure PCTCN2015075098-appb-000004
式中：Es＝感应电压，Ns＝次级线圈匝数，dφ＝磁通量微分，dt＝时间微分
由式(1)、(4)可得
Ep/Es＝Up/Us＝Np/Ns     (5)
由式(5)可知，E，U分别为感应电压和终端电压，N为线圈匝数。在激励电压及初、次级线圈匝数比固定的情况下，感应电压为定值。
在本发明的反应系统中，由于次级线圈中存在内部阻抗，次级电路中的感应电压Es由外部载荷和线圈阻抗两部分共同承担。若以电导性溶液为次级线圈导体，受交变磁通的影响，根据安培环路定律，同样可得到感应电压。
而在含有生化溶液的反应体系中都含有一定量的带电离子、带电化合物、带电粒子以及表面带电的蛋白质和酶类，这些带电离子、带电化合物、带电粒子、带电蛋白质和酶类在电场下会受到电场力(FE)的影响而发生运动，电场力的数值等于它们所带净电荷量(q)与电场强度(E)的乘积，即FE＝qE。运动的带电离子、带电化合物、带电粒子、带电蛋白质和酶类会受垂直磁场的影响，受洛伦兹力(FM)作用造成其运动轨迹发生偏移，洛伦兹力大小为FM＝qvB，其中v为它们的运动速率；q为它们所带静电荷量；B为垂直磁场分量。另外交变磁场可以在导电性溶液中生产微小的感应电流，打破液态中水分子的缔合结构，使较大的缔合水分子团变为较小的缔合水分子团，甚至是单个水分子，这样也降低了溶液的粘度。这是因为水分子间通过氢键缔合，结合程度不如化学键那样牢靠，所以它们之间处于一种不停断开、结合的动态平衡中，如式6：
(H2O)n＝xH2O+(H2O)n-x    (6)
在一定条件下，这样的动态平衡所需的能量由水分子的热运动所提供。交变磁场必然会给反应体系中的水分子热运动提供能量，有利于动态平衡向水分子团打开的方向进行，导致部分水分子间的氢键破裂，溶液中的水分子活性增强即生化反应体系中可利用的有效水分子增多。
通常溶液体系中的化学反应速率与活化能密切相关，温度升高则活化能降低，活化能越低反应速率越快。未施加交变电场和交变磁场时，溶液体系中的带电溶质和水分子做无规则的运动，当同时施加交变电场和交变磁场后，且电场和磁场方向相互垂直，则其中的带电离子、带电化合物、带电粒子、带电蛋白质和酶类会受到周期性的交变电场力和交变磁场力作用，发生大规模的取向运动。
因而，施加交变电场和交变磁场后可使生化反应溶液中的水分子活性提高并且使带电溶质发生取向运动，最终影响生化反应体系中的带电溶质的扩散和迁移行为，并影响其生化反应。
综述之，在本发明中，基于对变压器方法的应用，通过不同种类的信号来激励初级线圈并以此产生交变磁通来进一步的影响溶液反应体系，并结合上旋转磁场的作用以造成体系中自由离子、带电粒子或带电有机物的取向性运动。因这些生化物质具有不同的核质比，故在不同种类、不同频率、不同幅值的信号、以及不同磁感应强度和不同频率的旋转磁场影响下会产生特异性的生化反应效果。这样的生化反应器操作参数更为丰富。
基于前述的原理，在本发明的一实施方案之中，在一感应式磁电生化反应系统之中，以反应溶液作为次级线圈导体且以玻璃弹簧等绝缘物作为次级线圈中反应溶液导体的支撑物。函数信号发生器发出的任意函数信号经过功率放大器放大后激励初级线圈，则会在闭合铁芯中生产相应变化规律的交变磁通，并在次级线圈即反应溶液中得到交变感应电压。同时，反应腔体的外侧有可旋转的径向磁场，而反应腔体也具有夹套结构可以通过恒温循环水浴接入不同温度的循环液体，从而达到控制反应体系温度的作用。
该生化反应系统的详细工作可以包括：使用函数信号发生器发出频率范围在50～200Hz的正弦波、三角波、锯齿波、单向方波、双向方波或自定义函数信号，上述交流信号的电压幅宽范围10～20Vp-p；然后使用功率为80～200VA，全功率频宽50～200Hz的功率放大器，将信号放大后使其输出的交流电压幅宽范围200～400Vp-p；放大后的信号激励初级线圈；同时初级线圈绕组缠绕在闭合铁芯一侧，该闭合铁芯的工作频率范围50～200Hz；以反应体系中的溶液作为次级线圈导体并与反应物容器连通；此时可在作为次级线圈导体的反应溶液中得到不同变化规律的感应电压；反应腔体的外侧是旋转径向磁场，其中磁感应强度为2000～3000Gs，旋转频率为0.1～50Hz；对反应系统的温度可控制为-20～100℃。
在一实施例中，作为次级线圈中反应溶液导体的支撑物是采用绝缘玻璃材料制作，这样目的在于可减少次级线圈的功率损耗。
在一实施例中，初级线圈可以为单股铜线，直径6～8mm，匝数20～26匝
在一实施例中，次级线圈反应溶液导体的支撑物为玻璃弹簧，其内径2～3mm，匝数为10～13，玻璃弹簧总长700～900mm
在一实施例中，反应腔体中的反应物容器内径为20～25mm，长度130mm，反应物容器的上端有主进料口，而反应物容器一侧有一条和玻璃弹簧垂直相连通的次进料口，且反应物容器外部有玻璃夹套用于通入不同温度的循环液体达到对反应控温的作用，反应腔体且包含主进料口的整体高度不超过60mm。
在一实施例中，对反应系统的温度控制采用恒温循环水浴并与反应腔体上的夹套的出水口和进水口接通。
在一实施例中，旋转径向磁场由2块170°的瓦型钕铁硼磁钢异极相对放置而形成，即一块磁瓦的N极对另一块磁瓦的S极，瓦型钕铁硼磁钢长度130mm，外径80mm，内径65mm，厚度15mm，中心磁感应强度为2000～3000Gs，2块瓦型钕铁硼磁钢靠外侧的铁轭圆筒固定，铁轭圆筒可拆卸，并由伺服电机带动齿轮驱动其匀速旋转，伺服电机由伺服电机控制器控制。
显然，本领域技术人员也可依据本说明书，并结合本领域之常识及实际应用的需求而调整前述任一组件的尺寸、结构等。
本发明的另一个方面提供利用所述感应式磁电生化反应系统进行生化反应的方法。例如：
提供所述的感应式磁电生化反应系统；
将反应溶液置入所述反应单元，并以所述控制单元向所述初级线圈施加频率为50～200Hz，电压幅宽范围为200～400Vp-p的各类交流激励信号，以及，使所述可旋转的径向磁场以0.1～50Hz的频率旋转，且所述可旋转的径向磁场的中心磁感应强度为2000～3000Gs。
本发明的又一个方面提供了所述感应式磁电生化反应系统的用途，可进行如下领域的应用，包括：天然高分子原料的辅助酸水解、酶水解和改性；天然产物辅助萃取；诱导影响生化反应研究；且不限于此。
本发明中的感应式磁电生化反应系统操作条件更为丰富，包括信号种类、信号幅值、信号频率、旋转磁场强度、旋转磁场频率和温度。并且，信号种类除了包括正弦波、锯齿波、三角波、单相方波、双向方波外，还包括自定义的非对称周期信号。
其中，若采用非对称的周期波形来激励初级线圈则也会在闭合铁芯中生产相应变化规律的交变磁通，导致以反应溶液为次级线圈导体的溶液体系中产生非对称波形的感应电压，进而对带电离子、带电化合物、带电粒子、带电蛋白质和酶类具有特异性的驱动效果。这是因为根据电场中带电离子、带电化合物、带电粒子、带电蛋白质和酶类的运动规律，推动它们的电场力(FE，单位为N)等于它们所带净电荷量(q，单位为Q)与电场强度(E，单位为V/m)的乘积，即FE＝qE。周期性的非对称波形感应电压会造成它们受到的电场力大小，方向和持续时间有差异。
概言之，不论是通过常规的周期信号波形如正弦波、锯齿波、三角波、单向方波、双向方波，还是靠自定义的非对称周期信号来激励初级线圈并得到感应电压来驱动溶液体系中的带电离子、带电化合物、带电粒子、带电蛋白质或酶类都会造成特异性的传导效果，结合上旋转磁场的作用，进而影响它们在反应体系中的扩散速率，以及诱导和影响生化反应的进行。
另外，重要的是，因为反应溶液中的交变电场来源于感应电压，故装置不采用通电的极 板或电极，这样就避免了溶液体系中的电化学反应。
以下结合若干实施例及附图对本发明的技术方案作更为具体的解释说明。
实施例1
下面以碱法制备糯米羟丙基淀粉为例，进一步说明感应式磁电生化反应系统在天然高分子原料的辅助改性中的应用。
如图1～图4所示，在此实施例中，本发明提供了一种感应式磁电生化反应系统，其包括了反应系统装置链100，反应单元200，旋转磁场单元300。
其中，参考图1，反应系统装置链100包括信号发生器101，功率放大器102，恒温循环水浴103，反应单元200，反应单元200所含的次进料口201，反应腔体202，反应腔体所含的玻璃弹簧203，旋转磁场单元300，异极相对的2块170°钕铁硼磁瓦301，用于支撑磁瓦的圆筒铁轭302，铁轭圆筒齿轮303，电机齿轮304，伺服电机305，伺服电机控制器306，初级线圈104，闭合铁芯105。其中信号发生器101的输出端与功率放大器102的输入端接通，功率放大器102的输出端连接到初级线圈104上，所使用的函数信号发生器101可发出频率为50～200Hz的正弦波、三角波、锯齿波、单向方波、双向方波或自定义函数信号，信号的电压幅宽范围10～20Vp-p；而使用的功率放大器102的输出功率范围为80～200VA，全功率频宽50～200Hz，将信号放大20倍后使其输出的交流电压幅宽范围为200～400Vp-p；初级线圈104为单股铜线，直径6mm，匝数26匝；同时，初级线圈104缠绕在闭合铁芯105一侧，闭合铁芯105采用硅钢材料，工作频率范围50～200Hz，闭合的中心周长520mm，高度15mm；闭合铁芯105的另一侧有缠绕好的反应腔体202上的玻璃弹簧203，玻璃弹簧203的内径3mm，匝数为13匝，玻璃弹簧203总长856mm；反应单元200的主体剖视示意图见图2，反应物容器204与玻璃弹簧203是两端相连接并形成联通的状态的，反应腔体202中的反应物容器204内径为25mm，长度130mm，反应物容器204的上端有主进料口205，主进料口205的直径为25mm，而反应物容器204的一侧有一条和玻璃弹簧203垂直相连通的次进料口201，且反应物容器204外部有玻璃夹套206用于通入不同温度的循环液体达到对反应系统控温的作用，其中夹套进水口207，夹套出水口208，反应腔体202含主进料口205的整体高度不超过60mm；反应腔体202并含主进料口205的外侧是旋转径向磁场，其径向磁场由2块170°的瓦型钕铁硼磁钢301异极相对放置而形成，即一块磁瓦的N极对另一块磁瓦的S极，瓦型钕铁硼磁钢长度130mm，外径80mm，内径65mm，厚度15mm，见图3，中心磁感应强度为2200Gs，2块瓦型钕铁硼磁钢靠外侧的铁轭圆筒302固定，铁轭圆筒302可拆卸，并由伺服电机305驱动电机齿轮304和铁轭圆筒齿轮303，最终带动铁轭圆筒302匀速旋转，伺服电机305由伺服电机控制器306控制，旋转频率可达0.1～50Hz，旋转磁场单元见图4所示；对反应系统的 温度控制采用恒温循环水浴103并与反应腔体202的循环水夹套206上的进水口207和出水口208接通，其温度范围为-20～100℃。
利用该反应系统进行糯米淀粉的改性而制备羟丙基糯米淀粉，其包括如下步骤：
步骤一：取糯米淀粉13g于烧杯中，加入蒸馏水40g，混合摇匀得到淀粉乳液，于40℃环境下搅拌15min，同时缓慢加入0.95g无水硫酸钠，再搅拌5min，再加入浓度1mol/L的NaOH溶液5mL，搅拌3min；
步骤二：取上述的淀粉乳液从次进料口201灌入，并充满玻璃弹簧203，然后进入反应物容器204中，再将0.8g环氧丙烷，从主进料口205投加到反应物容器204中，搅匀；
步骤三：开启信号发生器101选择单向方波并设定电压和周期如图5所示，其中t0＝0s，t1＝0.005s，t2＝0.01s，信号周期为0.01s，即频率为100Hz，v1＝10V，信号电压幅值Vp-p＝10V，开启功率放大器102将单向方波信号放大20倍后，激励闭合铁芯105上的初级线圈104，此时在反应物容器204的溶液中产生感应电压。同时，调节伺服电机控制器306使其伺服电机305的转速为20Hz，此时旋转磁场产生即异极相对的2块170°钕铁硼磁瓦301转动；
步骤四：开启恒温循环水浴103使45℃的循环水从玻璃夹套206的进水口207进入，再从出水口208流出；
步骤五：上述状态保持16h后关闭信号发生器101，功率放大器102，伺服电机控制器306和恒温循环水浴103，排出反应物容器204中的混合溶液倒入烧杯中，立即加入质量分数为1％的HCl溶液，使其混合溶液的pH＝6.5，终止反应，然后将反应物进行过滤、洗涤、于55℃烘箱中干燥6h，再粉碎过120目筛，得到羟丙基糯米淀粉。
经检测，通过此感应式磁电系统处理并得到的改性羟丙基糯米淀粉的取代度为0.12。与此相比，若其他反应条件均相同，但不施加感应电压和旋转磁场，即只将上述反应溶液置于反应物容器204中，保持45℃的温度16h，最终得到的羟丙基糯米淀粉的取代度只为0.05。
实施例2：
利用实施例1所述的感应式磁电生化反应系统，以辅助酶解天然高分子原料为例，进一步说明该系统的使用方法。
利用该系统对玉米淀粉进行辅助酶法水解制备吸油玉米淀粉，其包括如下步骤：
步骤一：取玉米淀粉15g于烧瓶中，加入蒸馏水50g，混合摇匀得到淀粉乳液，加入1mol/L的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液，调节淀粉乳液的pH值为4.0，于40℃预热搅拌15min；
步骤二：取上述pH＝4的淀粉乳液从次进料口201灌入并充满玻璃弹簧203，然后料液进入到反应物容器204中，再取0.3g淀粉糖化酶粉，酶活10万单位，从主进料口205投加到反应物容器204中；
步骤三：开启信号发生器101选择自定义波形并设定电压和周期如图6所示，其中t0＝0s，t1＝0.002s，t2＝0.004s，t3＝0.006s，t4＝0.008s，t5＝0.01s，信号周期为0.01s，即频率为100Hz，v1＝5V，v2＝10V，信号电压幅值Vp-p＝10V，开启功率放大器102将自定义信号放大20倍后，激励闭合铁芯105上的初级线圈104，此时在反应物腔体204的溶液中产生感应电压。同时，调节伺服电机控制器306使其伺服电机305的转速为10Hz，此时旋转磁场产生即异极相对的2块170°钕铁硼磁瓦301转动；
步骤四：开启恒温循环水浴103使62℃的循环水从玻璃夹套206的进水口207进入，再从出水口208流出；
步骤五：上述状态保持4h后关闭信号发生器101，功率放大器102，伺服电机控制器306和恒温循环水浴103，排出反应物容器204中的混合溶液倒入烧杯中，立即加入质量分数为4％的NaOH溶液5mL，使其混合溶液的pH＝7，终止酶反应，然后将淀粉乳于3000r/min条件下离心15min并沉淀，沉淀物于55℃烘箱中干燥3h，再粉碎过200目筛，得到改性的吸油玉米淀粉。
经检测，通过此感应式磁电系统处理后的酶法水解玉米淀粉的吸油率为142％。与此相比，未经任何处理的原玉米淀粉吸油率为24％，若只将上述调节pH值和预热的玉米淀粉乳液置于反应物容器204中，同样保持62℃的温度4h，即不施加感应电压和旋转磁场，最终得到的酶法水解玉米淀粉的吸油率只为85％。
实施例3：
利用实施例1所述的感应式磁电生化反应系统，以辅助酸水解天然高分子原料为例，进一步说明该系统的使用方法。
利用该系统对纤维素进行辅助盐酸水解制备还原糖，其包括如下步骤：
步骤一：取纤维素粉末0.5g于烧杯中，加入蒸馏水50g，混合摇匀，加入质量分数36％的盐酸溶液8mL，搅拌均匀；
步骤二：将上述反应物从次进料口201灌入，并充满玻璃弹簧203，然后进入反应物容器204中；
步骤三：开启信号发生器101选择自定义波形并设定电压和周期如图7所示，其中t0＝0s，t1＝0.003s，t2＝0.006s，t3＝0.009s，t4＝0.011s，t5＝0.014s，t6＝0.018s，t7＝0.02s，信号周期为0.02s，即频率为50Hz，v1＝-10V，v2＝5V，v3＝10V，信号电压幅值Vp-p＝20V，开启功率放大器102将此自定义信号放大20倍后，激励闭合铁芯105上的初级线圈104，此时反应物容器204的溶液中产生感应电压。同时，调节伺服电机控制器306使其伺服电机305的转速为10Hz，此时旋转磁场产生即异极相对的2块170°钕铁硼磁瓦301转动；
步骤四：开启恒温循环水浴103使80℃的循环水从玻璃夹套206的进水口207进入，再从出水口208流出；
步骤五：上述状态保持12h后关闭信号发生器101，功率放大器102，伺服电机控制器306和恒温循环水浴103，排出反应物容器204中的混合溶液倒入烧杯中，立即加入质量分数为1％的NaOH溶液调节混合溶液的pH＝7，然后将混合溶液抽滤，得到含有还原糖的滤液。
经检测，通过此感应式磁电系统处理后的酸法水解纤维素滤液中的还原糖含量为58.4mg/g。与此相比，若其他反应条件均相同，在不施加感应电压和旋转磁场的情况下，即只将此纤维素-盐酸混合液置于反应物容器204中，保持80℃的温度12h，最终得到的酸法水解纤维素滤液的还原糖含量为12.5mg/g。
实施例4：
利用实施例1所述的感应式磁电生化反应系统，以辅助萃取天然产物为例，进一步说明该系统的使用方法。
利用该系统对苹果渣中的果胶即半乳糖醛酸进行辅助提取，其包括如下步骤：
步骤一：称取18g水分含量为40％的苹果渣，采用35℃的蒸馏水200mL将苹果渣进行清洗并抽滤，以脱去可溶性糖类物质和色素，然后将抽滤后的苹果渣，由主进料口205装入到反应物容器204中；
步骤二：室温下，将蒸馏水50g从次进料口201灌入，并充满玻璃弹簧203，直到浸没掉反应物容器204中的苹果渣，采用1mol/L的HCl从主进料口205中添加到反应物容器204中，将反应体系中的pH值调节到3；
步骤三：开启信号发生器101选择三角波信号并设定电压和周期如图8所示，其中t0＝0s，t1＝0.005s，t2＝0.01s，信号周期为0.01s，即频率为100Hz，v1＝-5V，v2＝5V，信号电压幅值Vp-p＝10V，开启功率放大器102将三角波信号放大20倍后，激励闭合铁芯105上的初级线圈104，此时反应物容器204中产生感应电压。同时，调节伺服电机控制器306使其伺服电机305的转速为10Hz，此时旋转磁场产生即异极相对的2块170°钕铁硼磁瓦301转动；
步骤四：开启恒温循环水浴103使50℃的循环水从玻璃夹套206的进水口207进入，再从出水口208流出；
步骤五：上述状态保持60min后关闭信号发生器101，功率放大器102，伺服电机控制器306和恒温循环水浴103，排出反应物容器204中的苹果渣料液，再将其进行5000r/min的离心处理5min，将苹果渣沉淀物分离，最后得到上清液。
经检测，通过此感应式磁电系统处理的苹果渣并得到的上清液中的半乳糖醛酸含量为13.6wt％。与此相比，若只将苹果渣按上述料液比例和pH值进行浸泡并置于反应物容器204 中，保持50℃的温度浸泡60min，即不施加感应电压和旋转磁场，则再将此苹果渣料液进行沉淀后得到的上清液进行测定，它的半乳糖醛酸含量只为7.4wt％。
实施例5：
利用实施例1所述的感应式磁电生化反应系统，以诱导影响化学反应为例，进一步说明该系统的使用方法。
利用该系统对乳酸和乙醇进行辅助合成制备乳酸乙酯，其包括如下步骤：
步骤一：取乳酸180g于容量瓶中，加入蒸馏水50.8g，混合摇匀得到10mol/L的乳酸水溶液；取无水乙醇92g于容量瓶中，加入蒸馏水83.5g，混合摇匀得到10mol/L的乙醇水溶液；
步骤二：取10mol/L的乳酸水溶液32mL和10mol/L的乙醇水溶液32ml混合后从次进料口201灌入，并充满玻璃弹簧203，然后进入反应物容器204中；
步骤三：开启信号发生器101选择自定义波形并设定电压和周期如图9所示，其中t0＝0s，t1＝0.01s，t2＝0.02s，信号周期为0.02s，即频率为50Hz，v1＝-3V，v2＝7V，信号电压幅值Vp-p＝10V，开启功率放大器102将自定义信号放大20倍后，激励闭合铁芯105上的初级线圈104，此时反应物容器204中产生感应电压产生。同时，调节伺服电机控制器306使其伺服电机305的转速为5Hz，此时旋转磁场产生即异极相对的2块170°钕铁硼磁瓦301转动；
步骤四：开启恒温循环水浴103使40℃的循环水从玻璃夹套206的进水口207进入，再从出水口208流出；
步骤五：上述状态保持10h后关闭信号发生器101，功率放大器102，伺服电机控制器306和恒温循环水浴103，排出反应物容器204中的混合溶液。
经检测，通过此感应式磁电系统处理后的混合溶液中的乳酸乙酯含量为0.19mol/L。与此相比，若只将10mol/L的乳酸水溶液32mL和10mol/L的乙醇水溶液32ml混合后置于反应物容器204中，同样保持30℃的温度10h，即不施加感应电压和旋转磁场，则此时的混合溶液中的乳酸乙酯含量为0.07mol/L。
需要说明的是，在本文中，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。
以上所述仅是本发明的具体实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种感应式磁电生化反应系统，其特征在于包括：
    反应单元，包括：
    反应腔体，所述反应腔体包括反应物容器，且所述反应腔体被置于一可旋转的径向磁场内，
    初级线圈，绕制于一闭合铁芯一侧，并与一控制单元连接，
    次级线圈，绕制于所述闭合铁芯另一侧，所述次级线圈包括可供作为导体的反应溶液流通的绝缘管路，且所述绝缘管路的两端与所述反应物容器连通；
    旋转磁场单元，用于产生所述可旋转的径向磁场；
    以及，控制单元，至少用以调整施加在所述初级线圈上的激励电压及信号种类。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的感应式磁电生化反应系统，其特征在于所述控制单元包括函数信号发生器，所述函数信号发生器输出端与功率放大器输入端连接，所述功率放大器输出端再与所述初级线圈连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的感应式磁电生化反应系统，其特征在于所述函数信号发生器能够发出频率范围为50～200Hz、电压幅宽范围为10～20Vp-p的交流信号，所述交流信号包括正弦波、三角波、锯齿波、单向方波、双向方波或自定义函数信号。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的感应式磁电生化反应系统，其特征在于所述功率放大器的功率为80～200VA，输出交流电压幅宽为200～400Vp-p，全功率频宽为50～200Hz。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的感应式磁电生化反应系统，其特征在于所述旋转磁场单元包括：呈环形固定设置、且异极相对放置的两块瓦型永磁体，其中任一瓦型永磁体的弧度均小于180°；以及，用以驱使该两块瓦型永磁体转动的驱动机构。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的感应式磁电生化反应系统，其特征在于所述瓦型永磁体的中心磁感应强度为2000～3000Gs。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的感应式磁电生化反应系统，其特征在于所述瓦型永磁体包括钕铁硼磁钢。
  8. 根据权利要求5或6所述的感应式磁电生化反应系统，其特征在于所述瓦型永磁体的弧度为170°。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的感应式磁电生化反应系统，其特征在于所述旋转磁场单元还包括可拆解的铁轭圆筒，所述两块瓦型永磁体呈环形固定在所述铁轭圆筒内壁上，且所述铁轭圆筒与驱动机构传动连接。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的感应式磁电生化反应系统，其特征在于所述驱动机构包括由伺服电机控制器控制的伺服电机，所述伺服电机与所述铁轭圆筒连接。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的感应式磁电生化反应系统，其特征在于所述反应单元还包括温控单元，用以将所述反应物容器内部的温度控制于-20～100℃。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的感应式磁电生化反应系统，其特征在于所述温控单元包括恒温循环水浴，所述恒温循环水浴与所述反应腔体上的夹套层的进水口和出水口接通。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的感应式磁电生化反应系统，其特征在于所述初级线圈为单股铜制线圈，且直径为6～8mm，匝数为20～26匝。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的感应式磁电生化反应系统，其特征在于所述次级线圈包括玻璃弹簧，所述玻璃弹簧的内径为2～3mm，匝数为10～13，总长为700～900mm。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的感应式磁电生化反应系统，其特征在于所述闭合铁芯采用硅钢材料，且工作频率范围为50～200Hz。
  16. 根据权利要求1或14所述的感应式磁电生化反应系统，其特征在于作为所述次级线圈采用玻璃弹簧作为反应溶液导体的支撑物并与所述反应物容器的两端相连接并形成联通状态，同时所述反应物容器上端设有主进料口，一侧设有与所述玻璃弹簧垂直相连通的次进料口，以及，所述反应腔体上还设有可供不同温度的循环液体流动的玻璃夹套。
  17. 一种生化反应方法，其特征在于包括：
    提供权利要求1-16中任一项所述的感应式磁电生化反应系统；
    将反应溶液置入所述反应单元，并以所述控制单元向所述初级线圈施加频率为50～200Hz，电压幅宽范围为200～400Vp-p以及功率为80～200VA的交流激励信号，以及，使所述可旋转的径向磁场以0.1～50Hz的频率旋转，且所述可旋转的径向磁场的中心磁感应强度为2000～3000Gs。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的生化反应方法，其特征在于还包括：在反应开始前或反应过程中，调整所述反应物容器的温度至反应所需温度。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的生化反应方法，其特征在于包括：采用函数信号发生器发出频率为50～200Hz、电压幅宽为10～20Vp-p的正弦波、三角波、锯齿波、单向方波、双向方波或自定义函数信号，然后使用功率为80～200VA、全功率频宽为50～200Hz的功率放大器将所述信号放大并使输出的交流信号电压幅宽为200～400Vp-p且以此激励所述初级线圈。
  20. 权利要求1-16中任一项所述的感应式磁电生化反应系统或权利要求17-19中任一项所述方法于天然高分子原料的辅助酸水解、酶水解和改性，天然产物辅助萃取，诱导影响生化反应的应用。
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CN112899116B (zh) * 2021-04-22 2022-08-09 江南大学 一种基于磁感应电场的催陈处理设备及黄酒催陈装置
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