WO2016136944A1 - 環状アミン誘導体及びその医薬用途 - Google Patents
環状アミン誘導体及びその医薬用途 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016136944A1 WO2016136944A1 PCT/JP2016/055814 JP2016055814W WO2016136944A1 WO 2016136944 A1 WO2016136944 A1 WO 2016136944A1 JP 2016055814 W JP2016055814 W JP 2016055814W WO 2016136944 A1 WO2016136944 A1 WO 2016136944A1
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/4164—1,3-Diazoles
- A61K31/4178—1,3-Diazoles not condensed 1,3-diazoles and containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. pilocarpine, nitrofurantoin
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- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/445—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine
- A61K31/4523—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine containing further heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/454—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a five-membered ring with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. pimozide, domperidone
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- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/496—Non-condensed piperazines containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. rifampin, thiothixene or sparfloxacin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P21/00—Drugs for disorders of the muscular or neuromuscular system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/04—Centrally acting analgesics, e.g. opioids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
- A61P29/02—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID] without antiinflammatory effect
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
- C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D403/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cyclic amine derivative and its pharmaceutical use.
- Pain is an experience with an unpleasant sensation or an unpleasant emotion that occurs when tissue damage is or is likely to occur. Pain is mainly classified as nociceptive pain, neuropathic pain or psychogenic pain, depending on the cause. In addition, fibromyalgia is known as a pain of unknown cause.
- Neuropathic pain is pathological pain caused by abnormal functioning of the peripheral or central nervous system itself, and is caused by direct damage or compression of nerve tissue even though nociceptors are not subjected to noxious stimulation. This refers to the pain that occurs.
- Anticonvulsants, antidepressants, anxiolytics or antiepileptics are used as therapeutic agents for neuropathic pain.
- Fibromyalgia is a disease with systemic pain as the main symptom and psychological and autonomic nervous system symptoms as secondary symptoms.
- therapeutic agents for fibromyalgia pregabalin approved in the United States and Japan, duloxetine and milnacipran approved in the United States are mainly used. It is also used for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, opioid compounds, antidepressants, anticonvulsants and antiepileptic drugs that are not approved for the treatment of fibromyalgia.
- non-patent Document 1 the therapeutic effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and opioid compounds are generally considered to be low.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that certain types of substituted piperidines have cardiotonic activity.
- Patent Document 2 discloses that an imidazole derivative exhibits an FXa inhibitory action.
- Patent Document 3 suggests that substituted piperidines may have a medicinal effect on overweight or obesity.
- Patent Document 4 discloses that imidazole derivatives exhibit analgesic action.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a compound showing analgesic action against pain, particularly neuropathic pain and / or fibromyalgia.
- a cyclic amine derivative having a strong analgesic action against pain, particularly neuropathic pain and / or fibromyalgia.
- the present invention provides a cyclic amine derivative represented by the following general formula (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.
- the carbon attached with * is an asymmetric carbon
- A represents a group represented by the general formula (IIa), (IIb) or (IIc);
- R 1 represents a methyl group or an ethyl group which may be substituted with a halogen atom
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms
- each R 3 independently represents: Represents a methyl group or an ethyl group, and n represents 1 or 2.
- A is preferably a group represented by the general formula (IIa), and in this case, R 1 is a methyl group or an ethyl group which may be substituted with a fluorine atom. More preferably, R 1 is more preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, a difluoromethyl group or a 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group. By limiting to these, the analgesic action can be enhanced.
- A is preferably a group represented by the general formula (IIb) or (IIc).
- R 1 is a methyl group optionally substituted with a fluorine atom, More preferably, it is an ethyl group, and R 1 is more preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, a difluoromethyl group, or a 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group.
- A is a group represented by the general formula (IIa), and the stereochemistry of the asymmetric carbon marked with * is preferably S configuration, and R 1 is More preferably, it is a methyl group or an ethyl group which may be substituted with a fluorine atom, and R 1 is a methyl group, an ethyl group, a difluoromethyl group or a 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group. Further preferred. By limiting to these, the analgesic action can be further enhanced.
- the present invention also provides a medicament containing the cyclic amine derivative represented by the above general formula (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient.
- the drug is preferably an analgesic, and more preferably a neuropathic pain therapeutic agent or a fibromyalgia therapeutic agent.
- the present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition containing the cyclic amine derivative represented by the above general formula (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, a pharmacologically acceptable excipient, and the like. .
- the present invention also provides a cyclic amine derivative represented by the above general formula (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof for use as a medicament.
- the present invention also provides a cyclic amine derivative represented by the above general formula (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof for use in the treatment of pain.
- the pain is preferably neuropathic pain or fibromyalgia.
- the present invention also provides use of the cyclic amine derivative represented by the above general formula (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof for treating pain.
- the pain is preferably neuropathic pain or fibromyalgia.
- the present invention also provides use of the cyclic amine derivative represented by the above general formula (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof in the manufacture of a medicament for treating pain.
- the pain is preferably neuropathic pain or fibromyalgia.
- the present invention also relates to a method for treating pain, wherein a therapeutically effective amount of a cyclic amine derivative represented by the above general formula (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof is administered to a patient in need of treatment.
- a method comprising:
- the pain is preferably neuropathic pain or fibromyalgia.
- the cyclic amine derivative of the present invention or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof exhibits a strong analgesic action against pain, particularly neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia.
- FIG. 11 shows the effects of the compounds of Comparative Examples 3 to 6 on the mouse partial sciatic nerve ligation model and, as a comparison, the effects of the compound of Example 11 shown in FIG. 10 (oral administration). It is the figure which showed the effect of the compound of the comparative example 1 with respect to a rat fibromyalgia model, and the effect of the compound of Example 11 described in FIG. 13 as a comparison (oral administration). It is the figure which showed the plasma level transition of the compound of Example 11 in a cynomolgus monkey (intravenous administration and oral administration). It is the figure which showed the plasma level transition of the compound of the comparative example 2 in a cynomolgus monkey (intravenous administration and oral administration).
- the cyclic amine derivative of the present invention is characterized by being represented by the following general formula (I).
- the carbon attached with * is an asymmetric carbon
- A represents a group represented by the general formula (IIa), (IIb) or (IIc)
- R 1 represents a methyl group or an ethyl group which may be substituted with a halogen atom
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms
- each R 3 independently represents: Represents a methyl group or an ethyl group, and n represents 1 or 2.
- A is preferably a group represented by the general formula (IIa), and R 1 is preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group which may be substituted with a fluorine atom, More preferably, R 1 is a methyl group, an ethyl group, a difluoromethyl group or a 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group.
- A is preferably a group represented by the general formula (IIb) or (IIc), and R 1 may be a methyl group or an ethyl group optionally substituted with a fluorine atom. And R 1 is more preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, a difluoromethyl group or a 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group.
- A is preferably a group represented by the general formula (IIa), and the stereochemistry of the asymmetric carbon marked with * is preferably S configuration, and in this case, R 1 Is preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group optionally substituted by a fluorine atom, and R 1 is a methyl group, an ethyl group, a difluoromethyl group or a 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group Is more preferable.
- A is a group represented by the general formula (IIa), and R 1 represents a methyl group or an ethyl group which may be substituted with a fluorine atom.
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms
- R 3 each independently represents a methyl group or an ethyl group.
- the stereochemistry of the asymmetric carbon marked with * is preferably S configuration.
- A is a group represented by the general formula (IIa), and R 1 is a methyl group, an ethyl group, a difluoromethyl group or a 2,2,2-trimethyl group.
- R 1 is a methyl group, an ethyl group, a difluoromethyl group or a 2,2,2-trimethyl group.
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms
- R 3 each independently represents a methyl group or an ethyl group.
- the stereochemistry of the asymmetric carbon marked with * is preferably S configuration.
- A is a group represented by the general formula (IIa), R 1 represents a methyl group or a 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group, R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkylcarbonyl group having 2 carbon atoms, and R 3 represents a methyl group.
- R 1 represents a methyl group or a 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkylcarbonyl group having 2 carbon atoms
- R 3 represents a methyl group.
- the stereochemistry of the asymmetric carbon marked with * is preferably S configuration.
- A represents a group represented by the general formula (IIb), and R 1 represents a methyl group or an ethyl group which may be substituted with a fluorine atom.
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms
- R 3 independently represents a methyl group or an ethyl group
- n represents 1 or 2.
- the stereochemistry of the asymmetric carbon marked with * is preferably S configuration.
- A is a group represented by the general formula (IIb), and R 1 is a methyl group, an ethyl group, a difluoromethyl group or 2,2,2-trimethyl.
- R 1 represents a fluoroethyl group
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms
- R 3 independently represents a methyl group or an ethyl group
- n represents 1 or 2 .
- the stereochemistry of the asymmetric carbon marked with * is preferably S configuration.
- A is a group represented by the general formula (IIb), R 1 represents a methyl group or a 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group, R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkylcarbonyl group having 2 carbon atoms, R 3 represents a methyl group, and n represents 1 or 2.
- the stereochemistry of the asymmetric carbon marked with * is preferably S configuration.
- A represents a group represented by the general formula (IIc), and R 1 represents a methyl group or an ethyl group which may be substituted with a fluorine atom.
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and R 3 represents a methyl group or an ethyl group.
- the stereochemistry of the asymmetric carbon marked with * is preferably S configuration.
- A is a group represented by the general formula (IIc), and R 1 is a methyl group, an ethyl group, a difluoromethyl group or a 2,2,2-trimethyl group.
- R 1 is a methyl group, an ethyl group, a difluoromethyl group or a 2,2,2-trimethyl group.
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms
- R 3 represents a methyl group or an ethyl group.
- the stereochemistry of the asymmetric carbon marked with * is preferably S configuration.
- A is a group represented by the general formula (IIc), R 1 represents a methyl group or a 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group, R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkylcarbonyl group having 2 carbon atoms, and R 3 represents a methyl group.
- R 1 represents a methyl group or a 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkylcarbonyl group having 2 carbon atoms
- R 3 represents a methyl group.
- the stereochemistry of the asymmetric carbon marked with * is preferably S configuration.
- Halogen atom means a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom.
- the methyl group or ethyl group optionally substituted with a halogen atom means a methyl group or an ethyl group in which each hydrogen atom may be independently substituted with the above halogen atom. Examples thereof include a methyl group or an ethyl group, a difluoromethyl group, a 2-fluoroethyl group, a 2-chloroethyl group, a 2,2-difluoroethyl group, or a 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group.
- alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms means a group in which a linear, branched or cyclic saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is bonded to a carbonyl group.
- an acetyl group, n-propionyl group, n-butyryl group, isobutyryl group or valeryl group can be mentioned.
- cyclic amine derivative (I) Specific examples of preferred compounds of the cyclic amine derivative represented by the above general formula (I) (hereinafter, cyclic amine derivative (I)) are shown in Table 1-1 and Table 1-2, but the present invention is not limited thereto. It is not something.
- cyclic amine derivative (I) contains isomers, such as an enantiomer and a stereoisomer, any one isomer and mixtures thereof are also included in cyclic amine derivative (I).
- isomers due to conformation may be generated, and such isomers and mixtures thereof are also included in the cyclic amine derivative (I).
- the target isomer can be obtained by a known method or a method analogous thereto. For example, when the enantiomer exists in the cyclic amine derivative (I), the enantiomer separated from the cyclic amine derivative (I) is also included in the cyclic amine derivative (I).
- the target enantiomer is a known means (for example, an optically active synthetic intermediate is used, or a known method or an equivalent method (for example, optical resolution) is used for a racemic mixture of the final product) Can be obtained.
- the present invention also includes a prodrug or pharmacologically acceptable salt of the cyclic amine derivative (I).
- the prodrug of the cyclic amine derivative (I) is a compound that is enzymatically or chemically converted into the cyclic amine derivative (I) in vivo.
- the active body of the prodrug of the cyclic amine derivative (I) is the cyclic amine derivative (I), but the prodrug itself of the cyclic amine derivative (I) may have activity.
- Examples of the prodrug of the cyclic amine derivative (I) include compounds in which the hydroxyl group of the cyclic amine derivative (I) is alkylated, phosphorylated or borated. These compounds can be synthesized from the cyclic amine derivative (I) according to a known method.
- prodrugs of the cyclic amine derivative (I) are known in the literature ("Development of Pharmaceuticals", Hirokawa Shoten, 1990, Vol. 7, p.163-198 and Progress in Medicine, Vol. 5, 1985, p. .2157 to 2161) may be converted into the cyclic amine derivative (I).
- the cyclic amine derivative (I) may be labeled with an isotope.
- Examples of the labeled isotope include 2 H, 3 H, 13 C, 14 C, 15 N, 15 O, 18 O and / or Or 125 I is mentioned.
- Examples of the pharmacologically acceptable salt of the cyclic amine derivative (I) include inorganic acid salts such as hydrochloride, sulfate, phosphate, and hydrobromide; or oxalate, malonate, Citrate, fumarate, lactate, malate, succinate, tartrate, acetate, trifluoroacetate, maleate, gluconate, benzoate, salicylate, xinafoate, pamo And organic acid salts such as acid salts, ascorbates, adipates, methanesulfonates, p-toluenesulfonates and cinnamates. In addition, these salts may form hydrates, solvates or crystalline polymorphs.
- the cyclic amine derivative (I) can be synthesized according to the production method described below.
- the cyclic amine derivative (I) obtained by the following production method can be isolated and purified by a known means (for example, solvent extraction, recrystallization and / or chromatography), and can be purified by a known method or a method analogous thereto. Can be converted into a salt.
- the cyclic amine derivative (I) is obtained in the form of a salt, it can be converted to the cyclic amine derivative (I) or other desired salt by a known method or a method analogous thereto.
- a protecting group may be introduced into these groups, and the protecting group is deprotected as necessary after the reaction. By doing so, the target compound can be obtained.
- hydroxyl-protecting group examples include a trityl group, an aralkyl group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms (eg, benzyl group), or a substituted silyl group (eg, trimethylsilyl group, triethylsilyl group, or tert-butyldimethylsilyl group). .
- amino-protecting group examples include an alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms (for example, acetyl group), a benzoyl group, an alkyloxycarbonyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms (for example, tert-butoxycarbonyl group or benzyloxy group) Carbonyl group), an aralkyl group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms (for example, benzyl group) or a phthaloyl group.
- alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms for example, acetyl group
- benzoyl group an alkyloxycarbonyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms (for example, tert-butoxycarbonyl group or benzyloxy group) Carbonyl group)
- an aralkyl group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms for example, benzyl group
- a phthaloyl group examples include an alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms (for example
- Examples of the protecting group for the carboxyl group include an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (for example, a methyl group, an ethyl group, or a tert-butyl group) or an aralkyl group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms (for example, a benzyl group).
- the deprotection of the protecting group varies depending on the type of the protecting group, but is in accordance with a known method (for example, Greene, TW, “Green's Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis”, Wiley-Interscience) or a method equivalent thereto. It can be carried out.
- the compound (Ia-a) in which A is a group represented by the general formula (IIa) is, for example, an aldol-type condensation between the compound (IIIA) and the compound (IV) in the presence of a base. Obtained by reaction.
- Examples of the base used in the aldol type condensation reaction include lithium diisopropylamide, potassium tert-butoxide, sodium hydride, phenyllithium, and tert-butyllithium.
- the amount of base used in the aldol type condensation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 10 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 5 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (IIIA).
- the amount of compound (IV) used in the aldol-type condensation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 3 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 1.5 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (IIIA).
- the aldol-type condensation reaction is generally performed in a solvent.
- a solvent that does not inhibit the reaction is appropriately selected.
- examples of such a solvent include halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, chloroform or 1,2-dichloroethane; or ethers such as tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane. These mixed solvents may be used.
- the reaction temperature in the aldol type condensation reaction is preferably ⁇ 78 ° C. to 100 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 78 ° C. to 50 ° C.
- the reaction time in the aldol-type condensation reaction varies depending on the reaction conditions, but is preferably 5 minutes to 48 hours, more preferably 30 minutes to 24 hours.
- Examples of the base used in the aldol type condensation reaction include lithium diisopropylamide, potassium tert-butoxide, sodium hydride, phenyllithium, and tert-butyllithium.
- the amount of base used in the aldol type condensation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 10 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 5 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (IIIA).
- the amount of compound (IV) used in the aldol-type condensation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 3 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 1.5 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (IIIA).
- the aldol-type condensation reaction is generally performed in a solvent.
- a solvent that does not inhibit the reaction is appropriately selected.
- examples of such a solvent include halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, chloroform or 1,2-dichloroethane; or ethers such as tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane. These mixed solvents may be used.
- the reaction temperature in the aldol type condensation reaction is preferably ⁇ 78 ° C. to 100 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 78 ° C. to 50 ° C.
- the reaction time in the aldol-type condensation reaction varies depending on the reaction conditions, but is preferably 5 minutes to 48 hours, more preferably 30 minutes to 24 hours.
- the compound (VA) used for the reduction reaction can be synthesized, for example, according to the production method described below.
- Examples of the reducing agent used in the reduction reaction include lithium borohydride, sodium borohydride, diisobutylaluminum hydride, lithium aluminum hydride, lithium triethyl hydride, sodium bis (2-methoxyethoxy) aluminum hydride, and borane complex.
- the amount of the reducing agent used in the reduction reaction is preferably 0.5 to 10 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 5 mol, relative to 1 mol of the compound (VA).
- the reduction reaction is generally performed in a solvent.
- a solvent that does not inhibit the reaction is appropriately selected.
- solvents include hydrocarbons such as octane, hexane, benzene, and toluene; ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, and diethyl ether; or methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, and the like. Alcohols. These mixed solvents may be used.
- the reaction temperature in the reduction reaction is preferably ⁇ 78 ° C. to 150 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 78 ° C. to 100 ° C.
- the reaction time in the reduction reaction varies depending on the reaction conditions, but is preferably 5 minutes to 72 hours, more preferably 30 minutes to 24 hours.
- the compound (Ia-c) in which A is a group represented by the general formula (IIa) and R 2 is an alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms is, for example, a base
- the compound (Ia-b) can be obtained by an acylation reaction using an acylating agent such as a halide or acid anhydride of a carboxylic acid having 2 to 5 carbon atoms.
- compound (Ia-b) and a salt thereof can be used.
- the salt in this case include the same salts as the above pharmacologically acceptable salts.
- Examples of the base used in the acylation reaction include pyridine, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, and N, N-dimethylaminopyridine.
- the amount of base used in the acylation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 10 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 5 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (Ia-b).
- acylating agent used in the acylation reaction a commercially available product can be used as it is.
- the amount of the acylating agent used in the acylation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 10 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 5 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (Ia-b).
- the acylation reaction is generally performed in a solvent.
- a solvent that does not inhibit the reaction is appropriately selected.
- examples of such a solvent include aromatic amines such as pyridine; halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, chloroform or 1,2-dichloroethane; ethers such as tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane; Examples thereof include aliphatic nitriles such as pionitrile. These mixed solvents may be used.
- aromatic amine such as pyridine
- halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, chloroform or 1,2-dichloroethane
- ethers such as tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane
- aliphatic nitriles such as pionitrile.
- the reaction temperature in the acylation reaction is preferably ⁇ 40 ° C. to 100 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 20 ° C. to 80 ° C.
- the reaction time in the acylation reaction varies depending on the reaction conditions, but is preferably 5 minutes to 72 hours, more preferably 30 minutes to 24 hours.
- Chlorination step of compounds (Ia-a), (Ia-b) and (Ia-c) The pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds (Ia-a), (Ia-b) and (Ia-c) are, for example, those of compound (Ia-a), (Ia-b) or (Ia-c) It is obtained by a chlorination reaction using an acid.
- Examples of the acid used for the chlorination reaction include inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid or hydrobromic acid; or oxalic acid, malonic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, lactic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, acetic acid Organic acids such as trifluoroacetic acid, maleic acid, gluconic acid, benzoic acid, salicylic acid, xinafoic acid, pamoic acid, ascorbic acid, adipic acid, methanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid or cinnamic acid.
- inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid or hydrobromic acid
- Organic acids such as trifluoroacetic acid, male
- the chlorination reaction is generally performed in a solvent.
- a solvent that does not inhibit the reaction is appropriately selected.
- examples of such a solvent include aliphatic alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and 2-propanol; ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane and ethylene glycol dimethyl ether; N, N-dimethylformamide or N Amides such as methylpyrrolidone; Sulfoxides such as dimethyl sulfoxide; Aliphatic nitriles such as acetonitrile or propionitrile; Ketones such as acetone or 2-butanone; Esters such as ethyl acetate, methyl acetate or n-butyl acetate Or water. These mixed solvents may be used.
- the reductive amination reaction can be performed according to a known method (for example, Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2003, Vol. 68, p. 770-779) or a method analogous thereto.
- Step 6 Compound (VIIIA) is obtained by a reductive amination reaction between compound (VIA) and compound (VIIA).
- the reductive amination reaction can be performed according to a known method (for example, Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2003, Vol. 68, p. 770-779) or a method analogous thereto.
- Step 7 Compound (IIa-a) is obtained by deprotection of compound (VIIIA).
- the deprotection of the protecting group varies depending on the type of the protecting group, but is in accordance with a known method (for example, Greene, TW, “Green's Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis”, Wiley-Interscience) or a method equivalent thereto. It can be carried out.
- the acetylation reaction can be carried out according to a known method (for example, Greene, TW, “Green's Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis”, Wiley-Interscience) or a method equivalent thereto.
- Step 9 Compound (X) can be obtained by an alkylation reaction in which an alkylating reagent (LI) is allowed to act after deprotonation of compound (IX) with a base.
- an alkylating reagent (LI) is allowed to act after deprotonation of compound (IX) with a base.
- Examples of the base used in the alkylation reaction include alkali metal hydrides such as sodium hydride or potassium hydride; or butyllithiums such as n-butyllithium, sec-butyllithium or tert-butyllithium.
- the amount of base used in the alkylation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 3 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 2 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (IX).
- alkylating reagent (LI) used for the alkylation reaction a commercially available product can be used as it is.
- the amount of the alkylating reagent (LI) used in the alkylation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 10 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 5 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (IX).
- the alkylation reaction is generally performed in a solvent.
- a solvent that does not inhibit the reaction is appropriately selected.
- examples of such a solvent include ethers such as tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane; amides such as N, N-dimethylformamide or N-methylpyrrolidone; or aliphatic nitriles such as acetonitrile or propionitrile. Can be mentioned. These mixed solvents may be used.
- the reaction temperature in the alkylation reaction is preferably ⁇ 20 ° C. to 150 ° C., more preferably 0 to 100 ° C.
- the reaction time in the alkylation reaction varies depending on the reaction conditions, but is preferably 5 minutes to 72 hours, more preferably 30 minutes to 48 hours.
- Compound (IV) is obtained by a formylation reaction in which a formyl group introduction reagent is allowed to act after deprotonation of compound (X) with a base.
- the compound (X) used in the formylation reaction a commercially available product can be used as it is, but it can be synthesized, for example, according to the above production method.
- Examples of the base used in the formylation reaction include n-butyllithium, sec-butyllithium, and tert-butyllithium.
- the amount of base used in the formylation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 3 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 2 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (X).
- Examples of the formyl group introduction reagent used in the formylation reaction include N, N-dimethylformamide.
- N, N-dimethylformamide a commercially available product can be used as it is.
- the amount of formyl group introduction reagent used in the formylation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 3 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 2 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (X).
- the formylation reaction is generally performed in a solvent.
- a solvent that does not inhibit the reaction is appropriately selected.
- examples of such a solvent include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as heptane and hexane; and ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether and 1,4-dioxane. These mixed solvents may be used.
- the reaction temperature in the deprotonation of the formylation reaction is preferably ⁇ 100 to 0 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 80 to ⁇ 20 ° C.
- the reaction temperature in the formylation of the formylation reaction is preferably ⁇ 20 ° C. to 150 ° C., more preferably 0 to 100 ° C.
- the reaction time of the formylation reaction varies depending on the reaction conditions, but is preferably 5 minutes to 72 hours, more preferably 30 minutes to 48 hours.
- Step 11 Compound (IV) is obtained by an alkylation reaction in which an alkylating reagent (LI) is allowed to act after deprotonation of compound (XI) with a base.
- an alkylating reagent (LI) is allowed to act after deprotonation of compound (XI) with a base.
- Examples of the base used for the alkylation reaction include metal carbonates such as sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate or cesium carbonate; or alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
- the amount of base used in the alkylation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 3 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 2 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (XI).
- alkylating reagent (LI) used for the alkylation reaction a commercially available product can be used as it is.
- the amount of the alkylating reagent (LI) used in the alkylation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 3 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 2 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (XI).
- the alkylation reaction is generally performed in a solvent.
- a solvent that does not inhibit the reaction is appropriately selected.
- examples of such a solvent include ethers such as tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane; amides such as N, N-dimethylformamide or N-methylpyrrolidone; or aliphatic nitriles such as acetonitrile or propionitrile. Can be mentioned. These mixed solvents may be used.
- the reaction temperature in the alkylation reaction is preferably ⁇ 20 ° C. to 150 ° C., more preferably 0 to 100 ° C.
- the reaction time in the alkylation reaction varies depending on the reaction conditions, but is preferably 5 minutes to 72 hours, more preferably 30 minutes to 48 hours.
- Step 12 Compound (VA) is obtained by oxidation reaction of compound (Ia-b).
- Compound (Ia-b) used in the oxidation reaction can be synthesized according to the above production method.
- Examples of the oxidizing agent used in the oxidation reaction include manganese dioxide, sulfur trioxide-pyridine, activated dimethyl sulfoxide, and desmartin reagent.
- the amount of the oxidizing agent used in the oxidation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 50 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 35 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (Ia-b).
- the oxidation reaction is generally performed in a solvent.
- a solvent that does not inhibit the reaction is appropriately selected.
- examples of such a solvent include aromatic amines such as pyridine; halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, chloroform or 1,2-dichloroethane; ethers such as tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane; Examples thereof include aliphatic nitriles such as pionitrile. These mixed solvents may be used.
- the reaction temperature in the oxidation reaction is preferably ⁇ 78 ° C. to 100 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 78 ° C. to 40 ° C.
- the reaction time in the oxidation reaction varies depending on the reaction conditions, but is preferably 5 minutes to 72 hours, more preferably 30 minutes to 48 hours.
- R 4 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an aralkyl group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an n-butyl group, and a benzyl group. . Each other symbol has the same definition as above. ]
- Step 13 Compound (XII) is obtained by esterification reaction of compound (X) using an ester group introduction reagent in the presence of a base.
- the compound (X) used for the esterification reaction a commercially available product can be used as it is, but for example, it can be synthesized according to the above production method.
- Examples of the base used in the esterification reaction include aromatic amines such as pyridine and lutidine; or triethylamine, triisopropylamine, tributylamine, cyclohexyldimethylamine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, N, N-dimethylaniline, N— And tertiary amines such as methylpiperidine, N-methylpyrrolidine, N-methylmorpholine or diisopropylethylamine (DIEA).
- aromatic amines such as pyridine and lutidine
- tertiary amines such as methylpiperidine, N-methylpyrrolidine, N-methylmorpholine or diisopropylethylamine (DIEA).
- the amount of base used in the esterification reaction is preferably 0.5 to 10 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 5 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (X).
- ester group introduction reagent used in the esterification reaction examples include halogenated formate such as ethyl chloroformate. Commercially available ethyl chloroformate can be used as it is.
- the amount of the ester group introduction reagent used in the esterification reaction is preferably 0.5 to 3 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 2 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (X).
- the esterification reaction is generally performed in a solvent.
- a solvent that does not inhibit the reaction is appropriately selected.
- examples of such a solvent include ethers such as tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane; amides such as N, N-dimethylformamide or N-methylpyrrolidone; or aliphatic nitriles such as acetonitrile or propionitrile. Can be mentioned. These mixed solvents may be used.
- the reaction temperature in the esterification reaction is preferably ⁇ 20 ° C. to 150 ° C., more preferably 0 to 100 ° C.
- the reaction time of the esterification reaction varies depending on the reaction conditions, but is preferably 5 minutes to 72 hours, more preferably 30 minutes to 48 hours.
- Step 14 Compound (XII) is obtained by an alkylation reaction in which an alkylating reagent (LI) is allowed to act after deprotonation of compound (XIII) with a base.
- an alkylating reagent (LI) is allowed to act after deprotonation of compound (XIII) with a base.
- Examples of the base used for the alkylation reaction include metal carbonates such as sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate or cesium carbonate; or alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
- the amount of base used in the alkylation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 3 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 2 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (XIII).
- alkylating reagent (LI) used for the alkylation reaction a commercially available product can be used as it is.
- the amount of the alkylating reagent (LI) used in the alkylation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 3 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 2 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (XIII).
- the alkylation reaction is generally performed in a solvent.
- a solvent that does not inhibit the reaction is appropriately selected.
- examples of such a solvent include ethers such as tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane; amides such as N, N-dimethylformamide or N-methylpyrrolidone; or aliphatic nitriles such as acetonitrile or propionitrile. Can be mentioned. These mixed solvents may be used.
- the reaction temperature in the alkylation reaction is preferably ⁇ 20 ° C. to 150 ° C., more preferably 0 to 100 ° C.
- the reaction time in the alkylation reaction varies depending on the reaction conditions, but is preferably 5 minutes to 72 hours, more preferably 30 minutes to 48 hours.
- Step 15 Compound (VA) is obtained by a condensation reaction between compound (XII) and compound (IIIA) in the presence of a base.
- Examples of the base used for the condensation reaction include lithium diisopropylamide, potassium tert-butoxide, sodium hydride, phenyllithium, and tert-butyllithium.
- the amount of base used in the condensation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 10 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 5 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (IIIA).
- the amount of compound (XII) used in the condensation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 3 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 1.5 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (IIIA).
- the condensation reaction is generally performed in a solvent.
- a solvent that does not inhibit the reaction is appropriately selected.
- examples of such a solvent include halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, chloroform or 1,2-dichloroethane; or ethers such as tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane. These mixed solvents may be used.
- the reaction temperature in the condensation reaction is preferably ⁇ 78 ° C. to 100 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 78 ° C. to 50 ° C.
- the reaction time in the condensation reaction varies depending on the reaction conditions, but is preferably 5 minutes to 48 hours, more preferably 30 minutes to 24 hours.
- the compound (XII) used for the hydrolysis reaction a commercially available product can be used as it is, but for example, it can be synthesized according to the above production method.
- Examples of the base used for the hydrolysis reaction include lithium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and sodium hydroxide.
- the amount of base used in the hydrolysis reaction is preferably 0.5 to 3 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 2 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (XII).
- the hydrolysis reaction is generally performed in a solvent.
- a solvent that does not inhibit the reaction is appropriately selected.
- examples of such a solvent include aliphatic alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, and propanol; or water. These mixed solvents may be used.
- the reaction temperature in the hydrolysis reaction is preferably ⁇ 20 ° C. to 150 ° C., more preferably 0 to 100 ° C.
- the reaction time of the hydrolysis reaction varies depending on the reaction conditions, but is preferably 5 minutes to 72 hours, more preferably 30 minutes to 48 hours.
- Step 17 Compound (XVI) is obtained by a condensation reaction of compound (XIV) and compound (XV) in the presence of a base, carbonyldiimidazole and magnesium salt.
- the above condensation reaction can be carried out according to a known method (for example, ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2011, Vol. 2, p. 171-176) or a method analogous thereto.
- Step 18 Compound (VA) is obtained by amidation reaction of compound (XVI) and compound (IIa-a).
- the amount of compound (IIa-a) used in the amidation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 3 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 1.5 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (XVI).
- the amidation reaction is generally performed in a solvent.
- a solvent that does not inhibit the reaction is appropriately selected.
- examples of such a solvent include aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, chlorobenzene and xylene; ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-dioxane; amides such as N, N-dimethylformamide and N-methylpyrrolidone; Or aliphatic nitriles, such as acetonitrile or propionitrile, are mentioned. These mixed solvents may be used.
- the reaction temperature in the amidation reaction is preferably ⁇ 20 ° C. to 200 ° C., more preferably 0 to 150 ° C.
- the reaction time of the amidation reaction varies depending on the reaction conditions, but is preferably 5 minutes to 72 hours, more preferably 30 minutes to 48 hours.
- Step 19 Among the cyclic amine derivatives (I), the compound (Ib-a) in which A is a group represented by the general formula (IIb) is, for example, an aldol-type condensation between the compound (IIIB) and the compound (IV) in the presence of a base. Obtained by reaction.
- the compound (IIIB) and compound (IV) used in the aldol-type condensation reaction commercially available products can be used as they are.
- the compound (IIIB) can be synthesized according to the production method described below, and the compound (IV) can be synthesized as described above. According to the production method of
- Examples of the base used in the aldol type condensation reaction include lithium diisopropylamide, potassium tert-butoxide, sodium hydride, phenyllithium, and tert-butyllithium.
- the amount of base used in the aldol type condensation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 10 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 5 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (IIIB).
- the amount of compound (IV) used in the aldol-type condensation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 3 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 1.5 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (IIIB).
- the aldol-type condensation reaction is generally performed in a solvent.
- a solvent that does not inhibit the reaction is appropriately selected.
- examples of such a solvent include halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, chloroform or 1,2-dichloroethane; or ethers such as tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane. These mixed solvents may be used.
- the reaction temperature in the aldol type condensation reaction is preferably ⁇ 78 ° C. to 100 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 78 ° C. to 50 ° C.
- the reaction time in the aldol-type condensation reaction varies depending on the reaction conditions, but is preferably 5 minutes to 48 hours, more preferably 30 minutes to 24 hours.
- Step 20 Among the cyclic amine derivatives (I), the compound (Ib-b) in which A is a group represented by the general formula (IIb) and R 2 is a hydrogen atom is, for example, compound (IIIB) in the presence of a base. It is obtained by an aldol type condensation reaction between the compound and compound (IV).
- the compound (IIIB) and compound (IV) used in the aldol-type condensation reaction commercially available products can be used as they are.
- the compound (IIIB) can be synthesized according to the production method described below, and the compound (IV) can be synthesized as described above. According to the production method of
- Examples of the base used in the aldol type condensation reaction include lithium diisopropylamide, potassium tert-butoxide, sodium hydride, phenyllithium, and tert-butyllithium.
- the amount of base used in the aldol type condensation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 10 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 5 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (IIIB).
- the amount of compound (IV) used in the aldol-type condensation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 3 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 1.5 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (IIIB).
- the aldol-type condensation reaction is generally performed in a solvent.
- a solvent that does not inhibit the reaction is appropriately selected.
- examples of such a solvent include halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, chloroform or 1,2-dichloroethane; or ethers such as tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane. These mixed solvents may be used.
- the reaction temperature in the aldol type condensation reaction is preferably ⁇ 78 ° C. to 100 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 78 ° C. to 50 ° C.
- the reaction time in the aldol-type condensation reaction varies depending on the reaction conditions, but is preferably 5 minutes to 48 hours, more preferably 30 minutes to 24 hours.
- Step 21 Among the cyclic amine derivatives (I), the compound (Ib-b) in which A is a group represented by the general formula (IIb) and R 2 is a hydrogen atom is obtained by the reduction reaction of the compound (VB). .
- the compound (VB) used for the reduction reaction can be synthesized, for example, according to the production method described below.
- Examples of the reducing agent used in the reduction reaction include lithium borohydride, sodium borohydride, diisobutylaluminum hydride, lithium aluminum hydride, lithium triethyl hydride, sodium bis (2-methoxyethoxy) aluminum hydride, and borane complex.
- the amount of the reducing agent used in the reduction reaction is preferably 0.5 to 10 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 5 mol, relative to 1 mol of the compound (VB).
- the reduction reaction is generally performed in a solvent.
- a solvent that does not inhibit the reaction is appropriately selected.
- solvents include hydrocarbons such as octane, hexane, benzene, and toluene; ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, and diethyl ether; or methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, and the like. Alcohols. These mixed solvents may be used.
- the reaction temperature in the reduction reaction is preferably ⁇ 78 ° C. to 150 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 78 ° C. to 100 ° C.
- the reaction time in the reduction reaction varies depending on the reaction conditions, but is preferably 5 minutes to 72 hours, more preferably 30 minutes to 24 hours.
- the compound (Ib-c) in which A is a group represented by the general formula (IIb) and R 2 is an alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms includes, for example, a base
- the compound (Ib-b) can be obtained by an acylation reaction using an acylating agent such as a halide or acid anhydride of a carboxylic acid having 2 to 5 carbon atoms.
- compound (Ib-b) and a salt thereof can be used.
- the salt in this case include the same salts as the above pharmacologically acceptable salts.
- Examples of the base used in the acylation reaction include pyridine, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, and N, N-dimethylaminopyridine.
- the amount of base used in the acylation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 10 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 5 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (Ib-b).
- acylating agent used in the acylation reaction a commercially available product can be used as it is.
- the amount of the acylating agent used in the acylation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 10 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 5 mol, relative to 1 mol of the compound (Ib-b).
- the acylation reaction is generally performed in a solvent.
- a solvent that does not inhibit the reaction is appropriately selected.
- examples of such a solvent include aromatic amines such as pyridine; halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, chloroform or 1,2-dichloroethane; ethers such as tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane; Examples thereof include aliphatic nitriles such as pionitrile. These mixed solvents may be used.
- aromatic amine such as pyridine
- halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, chloroform or 1,2-dichloroethane
- ethers such as tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane
- aliphatic nitriles such as pionitrile.
- the reaction temperature in the acylation reaction is preferably ⁇ 40 ° C. to 100 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 20 ° C. to 80 ° C.
- the reaction time in the acylation reaction varies depending on the reaction conditions, but is preferably 5 minutes to 72 hours, more preferably 30 minutes to 24 hours.
- Chlorination step of compounds (Ib-a), (Ib-b) and (Ib-c) The pharmacologically acceptable salts of compounds (Ib-a), (Ib-b) and (Ib-c) are, for example, those of compound (Ib-a), (Ib-b) or (Ib-c) It can be obtained by a chlorination reaction using an acid.
- Examples of the acid used for the chlorination reaction include inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid or hydrobromic acid; or oxalic acid, malonic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, lactic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, acetic acid Organic acids such as trifluoroacetic acid, maleic acid, gluconic acid, benzoic acid, salicylic acid, xinafoic acid, pamoic acid, ascorbic acid, adipic acid, methanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid or cinnamic acid.
- inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid or hydrobromic acid
- Organic acids such as trifluoroacetic acid, male
- the chlorination reaction is generally performed in a solvent.
- a solvent that does not inhibit the reaction is appropriately selected.
- examples of such a solvent include aliphatic alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and 2-propanol; ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane and ethylene glycol dimethyl ether; N, N-dimethylformamide or N Amides such as methylpyrrolidone; Sulfoxides such as dimethyl sulfoxide; Aliphatic nitriles such as acetonitrile or propionitrile; Ketones such as acetone or 2-butanone; Esters such as ethyl acetate, methyl acetate or n-butyl acetate Or water. These mixed solvents may be used.
- Step 23 Compound (IIIB) is obtained by a reductive amination reaction between compound (VIB) in which PG is an acetyl group and compound (VIIB).
- the reductive amination reaction can be performed according to a known method (for example, Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2003, Vol. 68, p. 770-779) or a method analogous thereto.
- Step 24 Compound (VIIIB) is obtained by a reductive amination reaction between compound (VIB) and compound (VIIB).
- the reductive amination reaction can be performed according to a known method (for example, Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2003, Vol. 68, p. 770-779) or a method analogous thereto.
- the deprotection of the protecting group varies depending on the type of the protecting group, but is in accordance with a known method (for example, Greene, TW, “Green's Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis”, Wiley-Interscience) or a method equivalent thereto. It can be carried out.
- Step 26 Compound (IIIB) is obtained by acetylation reaction of compound (IIb-a).
- the acetylation reaction can be carried out according to a known method (for example, Greene, TW, “Green's Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis”, Wiley-Interscience) or a method equivalent thereto.
- Step 27 Compound (VB) is obtained by oxidation reaction of compound (Ib-b).
- the compound (Ib-b) used in the oxidation reaction can be synthesized according to the above production method.
- Examples of the oxidizing agent used in the oxidation reaction include manganese dioxide, sulfur trioxide-pyridine, activated dimethyl sulfoxide, and desmartin reagent.
- the amount of oxidant used in the oxidation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 50 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 35 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (Ib-b).
- the oxidation reaction is generally performed in a solvent.
- a solvent that does not inhibit the reaction is appropriately selected.
- examples of such a solvent include aromatic amines such as pyridine; halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, chloroform or 1,2-dichloroethane; ethers such as tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane; Examples thereof include aliphatic nitriles such as pionitrile. These mixed solvents may be used.
- the reaction temperature in the oxidation reaction is preferably ⁇ 78 ° C. to 100 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 78 ° C. to 40 ° C.
- the reaction time in the oxidation reaction varies depending on the reaction conditions, but is preferably 5 minutes to 72 hours, more preferably 30 minutes to 48 hours.
- Step 28 Compound (VB) is obtained by a condensation reaction of compound (XII) and compound (IIIB) in the presence of a base.
- Examples of the base used for the condensation reaction include lithium diisopropylamide, potassium tert-butoxide, sodium hydride, phenyllithium, and tert-butyllithium.
- the amount of base used in the condensation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 10 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 5 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (IIIB).
- the amount of compound (XII) used in the condensation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 3 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 1.5 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (IIIB).
- the condensation reaction is generally performed in a solvent.
- a solvent that does not inhibit the reaction is appropriately selected.
- examples of such a solvent include halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, chloroform or 1,2-dichloroethane; or ethers such as tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane. These mixed solvents may be used.
- the reaction temperature in the condensation reaction is preferably ⁇ 78 ° C. to 100 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 78 ° C. to 50 ° C.
- the reaction time in the condensation reaction varies depending on the reaction conditions, but is preferably 5 minutes to 48 hours, more preferably 30 minutes to 24 hours.
- Step 29 Compound (VB) is obtained by amidation reaction of compound (XVI) and compound (IIb-a).
- the amount of compound (IIb-a) used in the amidation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 3 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 1.5 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (XVI).
- the amidation reaction is generally performed in a solvent.
- a solvent that does not inhibit the reaction is appropriately selected.
- examples of such a solvent include aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, chlorobenzene and xylene; ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-dioxane; amides such as N, N-dimethylformamide and N-methylpyrrolidone; Or aliphatic nitriles, such as acetonitrile or propionitrile, are mentioned. These mixed solvents may be used.
- the reaction temperature in the amidation reaction is preferably ⁇ 20 ° C. to 200 ° C., more preferably 0 to 150 ° C.
- the reaction time of the amidation reaction varies depending on the reaction conditions, but is preferably 5 minutes to 72 hours, more preferably 30 minutes to 48 hours.
- the compound (Ic-a) in which A is a group represented by the general formula (IIc) is, for example, an aldol-type condensation between the compound (IIIC) and the compound (IV) in the presence of a base. Obtained by reaction.
- compound (IIIC) and compound (IV) used for the aldol-type condensation reaction commercially available products can be used as they are.
- compound (IIIC) can be synthesized according to the production method described below, and compound (IV) is synthesized as described above. According to the production method of
- Examples of the base used in the aldol type condensation reaction include lithium diisopropylamide, potassium tert-butoxide, sodium hydride, phenyllithium, and tert-butyllithium.
- the amount of base used in the aldol-type condensation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 10 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 5 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (IIIC).
- the amount of compound (IV) used in the aldol-type condensation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 3 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 1.5 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (IIIC).
- the aldol-type condensation reaction is generally performed in a solvent.
- a solvent that does not inhibit the reaction is appropriately selected.
- examples of such a solvent include halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, chloroform or 1,2-dichloroethane; or ethers such as tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane. These mixed solvents may be used.
- the reaction temperature in the aldol type condensation reaction is preferably ⁇ 78 ° C. to 100 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 78 ° C. to 50 ° C.
- the reaction time in the aldol-type condensation reaction varies depending on the reaction conditions, but is preferably 5 minutes to 48 hours, more preferably 30 minutes to 24 hours.
- Step 31 Of the cyclic amine derivatives (I), the compound (Ic-b) in which A is a group represented by the general formula (IIc) and R 2 is a hydrogen atom can be obtained by, for example, compound (IIIC) It is obtained by an aldol type condensation reaction between the compound and compound (IV).
- compound (IIIC) and compound (IV) used for the aldol-type condensation reaction commercially available products can be used as they are.
- compound (IIIC) can be synthesized according to the production method described below, and compound (IV) is synthesized as described above. According to the production method of
- Examples of the base used in the aldol type condensation reaction include lithium diisopropylamide, potassium tert-butoxide, sodium hydride, phenyllithium, and tert-butyllithium.
- the amount of base used in the aldol-type condensation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 10 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 5 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (IIIC).
- the amount of compound (IV) used in the aldol-type condensation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 3 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 1.5 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (IIIC).
- the aldol-type condensation reaction is generally performed in a solvent.
- a solvent that does not inhibit the reaction is appropriately selected.
- examples of such a solvent include halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, chloroform or 1,2-dichloroethane; or ethers such as tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane. These mixed solvents may be used.
- the reaction temperature in the aldol type condensation reaction is preferably ⁇ 78 ° C. to 100 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 78 ° C. to 50 ° C.
- the reaction time in the aldol-type condensation reaction varies depending on the reaction conditions, but is preferably 5 minutes to 48 hours, more preferably 30 minutes to 24 hours.
- Step 32 Among the cyclic amine derivatives (I), the compound (Ic-b) in which A is a group represented by the general formula (IIc) and R 2 is a hydrogen atom is obtained by a reduction reaction of the compound (VC). .
- the compound (VC) used for the reduction reaction can be synthesized, for example, according to the production method described below.
- Examples of the reducing agent used in the reduction reaction include lithium borohydride, sodium borohydride, diisobutylaluminum hydride, lithium aluminum hydride, lithium triethyl hydride, sodium bis (2-methoxyethoxy) aluminum hydride, and borane complex.
- the amount of the reducing agent used in the reduction reaction is preferably 0.5 to 10 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 5 mol, relative to 1 mol of the compound (VC).
- the reduction reaction is generally performed in a solvent.
- a solvent that does not inhibit the reaction is appropriately selected.
- solvents include hydrocarbons such as octane, hexane, benzene, and toluene; ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, and diethyl ether; or methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, and the like. Alcohols. These mixed solvents may be used.
- the reaction temperature in the reduction reaction is preferably ⁇ 78 ° C. to 150 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 78 ° C. to 100 ° C.
- the reaction time in the reduction reaction varies depending on the reaction conditions, but is preferably 5 minutes to 72 hours, more preferably 30 minutes to 24 hours.
- the compound (Ic-c) in which A is a group represented by the general formula (IIc) and R 2 is an alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms includes, for example, a base
- the compound (Ic-b) can be obtained by an acylation reaction using an acylating agent such as a halide or acid anhydride of a carboxylic acid having 2 to 5 carbon atoms.
- compound (Ic-b) and a salt thereof can be used.
- the salt in this case include the same salts as the above pharmacologically acceptable salts.
- Examples of the base used in the acylation reaction include pyridine, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, and N, N-dimethylaminopyridine.
- the amount of base used in the acylation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 10 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 5 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (Ic-b).
- acylating agent used in the acylation reaction a commercially available product can be used as it is.
- the amount of the acylating agent used in the acylation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 10 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 5 mol, relative to 1 mol of the compound (Ic-b).
- the acylation reaction is generally performed in a solvent.
- a solvent that does not inhibit the reaction is appropriately selected.
- examples of such a solvent include aromatic amines such as pyridine; halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, chloroform or 1,2-dichloroethane; ethers such as tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane; Examples thereof include aliphatic nitriles such as pionitrile. These mixed solvents may be used.
- aromatic amine such as pyridine
- halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, chloroform or 1,2-dichloroethane
- ethers such as tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane
- aliphatic nitriles such as pionitrile.
- the reaction temperature in the acylation reaction is preferably ⁇ 40 ° C. to 100 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 20 ° C. to 80 ° C.
- the reaction time in the acylation reaction varies depending on the reaction conditions, but is preferably 5 minutes to 72 hours, more preferably 30 minutes to 24 hours.
- Chlorination step of compounds (Ic-a), (Ic-b) and (Ic-c) The pharmacologically acceptable salts of compounds (Ic-a), (Ic-b) and (Ic-c) are, for example, those of compound (Ic-a), (Ic-b) or (Ic-c) It is obtained by a chlorination reaction using an acid.
- Examples of the acid used for the chlorination reaction include inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid or hydrobromic acid; or oxalic acid, malonic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, lactic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, acetic acid Organic acids such as trifluoroacetic acid, maleic acid, gluconic acid, benzoic acid, salicylic acid, xinafoic acid, pamoic acid, ascorbic acid, adipic acid, methanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid or cinnamic acid.
- inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid or hydrobromic acid
- Organic acids such as trifluoroacetic acid, male
- the chlorination reaction is generally performed in a solvent.
- a solvent that does not inhibit the reaction is appropriately selected.
- examples of such a solvent include aliphatic alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and 2-propanol; ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane and ethylene glycol dimethyl ether; N, N-dimethylformamide or N Amides such as methylpyrrolidone; Sulfoxides such as dimethyl sulfoxide; Aliphatic nitriles such as acetonitrile or propionitrile; Ketones such as acetone or 2-butanone; Esters such as ethyl acetate, methyl acetate or n-butyl acetate Or water. These mixed solvents may be used.
- Step 34 Compound (IIIC) is obtained by a reductive amination reaction between compound (VIC) in which PG is an acetyl group and compound (XVII).
- the reductive amination reaction can be performed according to a known method (for example, Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2003, Vol. 68, p. 770-779) or a method analogous thereto.
- Step 35 Compound (VIIIC) is obtained by a reductive amination reaction between compound (VIC) and compound (XVII).
- the reductive amination reaction can be performed according to a known method (for example, Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2003, Vol. 68, p. 770-779) or a method analogous thereto.
- the deprotection of the protecting group varies depending on the type of the protecting group, but is in accordance with a known method (for example, Greene, TW, “Green's Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis”, Wiley-Interscience) or a method equivalent thereto. It can be carried out.
- Step 37 Compound (IIIC) is obtained by acetylation reaction of compound (IIc-a).
- the acetylation reaction can be carried out according to a known method (for example, Greene, TW, “Green's Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis”, Wiley-Interscience) or a method equivalent thereto.
- Step 38 Compound (VC) is obtained by oxidation reaction of compound (Ic-b).
- the compound (Ic-b) used in the oxidation reaction can be synthesized according to the above production method.
- Examples of the oxidizing agent used in the oxidation reaction include manganese dioxide, sulfur trioxide-pyridine, activated dimethyl sulfoxide, and desmartin reagent.
- the amount of the oxidizing agent used in the oxidation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 50 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 35 mol, relative to 1 mol of the compound (Ic-b).
- the oxidation reaction is generally performed in a solvent.
- a solvent that does not inhibit the reaction is appropriately selected.
- examples of such a solvent include aromatic amines such as pyridine; halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, chloroform or 1,2-dichloroethane; ethers such as tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane; Examples thereof include aliphatic nitriles such as pionitrile. These mixed solvents may be used.
- the reaction temperature in the oxidation reaction is preferably ⁇ 78 ° C. to 100 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 78 ° C. to 40 ° C.
- the reaction time in the oxidation reaction varies depending on the reaction conditions, but is preferably 5 minutes to 72 hours, more preferably 30 minutes to 48 hours.
- Step 39 Compound (VC) is obtained by a condensation reaction of compound (XII) and compound (IIIC) in the presence of a base.
- Examples of the base used for the condensation reaction include lithium diisopropylamide, potassium tert-butoxide, sodium hydride, phenyllithium, and tert-butyllithium.
- the amount of base used in the condensation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 10 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 5 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (IIIC).
- the amount of compound (XII) used in the condensation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 3 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 1.5 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (IIIC).
- the condensation reaction is generally performed in a solvent.
- a solvent that does not inhibit the reaction is appropriately selected.
- examples of such a solvent include halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, chloroform or 1,2-dichloroethane; or ethers such as tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane. These mixed solvents may be used.
- the reaction temperature in the condensation reaction is preferably ⁇ 78 ° C. to 100 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 78 ° C. to 50 ° C.
- the reaction time in the condensation reaction varies depending on the reaction conditions, but is preferably 5 minutes to 48 hours, more preferably 30 minutes to 24 hours.
- Step 40 Compound (VC) is obtained by amidation reaction of compound (XVI) and compound (IIc-a).
- the amount of compound (IIc-a) used in the amidation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 3 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 1.5 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (XVI).
- the amidation reaction is generally performed in a solvent.
- a solvent that does not inhibit the reaction is appropriately selected.
- examples of such a solvent include aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, chlorobenzene and xylene; ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-dioxane; amides such as N, N-dimethylformamide and N-methylpyrrolidone; Or aliphatic nitriles, such as acetonitrile or propionitrile, are mentioned. These mixed solvents may be used.
- the reaction temperature in the amidation reaction is preferably ⁇ 20 ° C. to 200 ° C., more preferably 0 to 150 ° C.
- the reaction time of the amidation reaction varies depending on the reaction conditions, but is preferably 5 minutes to 72 hours, more preferably 30 minutes to 48 hours.
- Step 41 Among the cyclic amine derivatives (I), a compound (XVIII-a) in which A is a group represented by the general formula (IIa) and the stereochemistry of the asymmetric carbon marked with * is S configuration is known Means (for example, an optically active intermediate of compound (Ia-a) is used, or a known method or a method analogous thereto (for example, optical resolution) is used for a racemic mixture of compound (Ia-a) ).
- Means for example, an optically active intermediate of compound (Ia-a) is used, or a known method or a method analogous thereto (for example, optical resolution) is used for a racemic mixture of compound (Ia-a) ).
- optical resolution method examples include known means, for example, a chiral column method or a diastereomer method.
- a chiral column method In this method, a racemic mixture is applied to an enantiomer separation column (chiral column) to obtain a desired enantiomer.
- a racemic mixture is added to a chiral column such as a chiral column for HPLC (for example, manufactured by Daicel Corporation), and water, various buffers (for example, phosphate buffer), an organic solvent (for example, The enantiomers can be separated by developing them as a single or mixed solution of n-hexane, ethanol, methanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, acetonitrile, trifluoroacetic acid, diethylamine or ethylenediamine).
- a chiral column such as a chiral column for HPLC (for example, manufactured by Daicel Corporation)
- various buffers for example, phosphate buffer
- an organic solvent for example,
- the enantiomers can be separated by developing them as a single or mixed solution of n-hexane, ethanol, methanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, acetonitrile, trifluoroacetic acid, diethylamine or ethylene
- Diastereomeric method After the racemic mixture is converted into a diastereomeric mixture using an optically active reagent and separated using the difference in physicochemical properties between the diastereomers to form a single diastereomer. This is a method for obtaining a target enantiomer by separating an optically active reagent site.
- Racemic mixtures can be prepared using optically active reagents such as MTPA ( ⁇ -methoxy- ⁇ - (trifluoromethyl) phenylacetic acid), N- (p-toluenesulfonyl) -L-phenylalanyl chloride or N- (4-nitro It can be converted into a diastereomeric mixture by a known method using (phenylsulfonyl) -L-phenylalanyl chloride) or a method analogous thereto. By separating the diastereomeric mixture by a known means (for example, fractional recrystallization method or chromatographic method), a single diastereomer is obtained.
- optically active reagents such as MTPA ( ⁇ -methoxy- ⁇ - (trifluoromethyl) phenylacetic acid), N- (p-toluenesulfonyl) -L-phenylalanyl chloride or N- (4-nitro It can be converted into a diaste
- the target enantiomer can be obtained by separating the optically active reagent site of a single diastereomer by a known method or a method analogous thereto.
- an ester compound is formed by a condensation reaction between an intramolecular hydroxyl group of compound (Ia-a) and an optically active organic acid or an acid halide thereof (for example, N- (p-toluenesulfonyl) -L-phenylalanyl chloride).
- an optically active organic acid or an acid halide thereof for example, N- (p-toluenesulfonyl) -L-phenylalanyl chloride.
- Step 42 Among the cyclic amine derivatives (I), a compound in which A is a group represented by the general formula (IIa), the stereochemistry of the asymmetric carbon marked with * is S configuration, and R 2 is a hydrogen atom ( XVIII-b) can be obtained by known means, for example, an asymmetric reduction reaction of compound (VA) or a method analogous thereto.
- the asymmetric reduction reaction can be carried out according to a known method (for example, Journal of American Chemical Society, 2011, Vol. 133, p. 14960-14963) or a method analogous thereto.
- Step 43 Among the cyclic amine derivatives (I), A is a group represented by the general formula (IIa), the stereochemistry of the asymmetric carbon marked with * is S configuration, and R 2 is a group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms.
- Compound (XVIII-c), which is an alkylcarbonyl group, can be prepared, for example, by using an acylating agent such as halide or acid anhydride of carboxylic acid having 2 to 5 carbon atoms of compound (XVIII-b) in the presence of a base. It is obtained by the chemical reaction.
- compound (XVIII-b) and a salt thereof can be used.
- the salt in this case include the same salts as the above pharmacologically acceptable salts.
- Examples of the base used in the acylation reaction include pyridine, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, and N, N-dimethylaminopyridine.
- the amount of base used in the acylation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 10 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 5 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (XVIII-b).
- acylating agent used in the acylation reaction a commercially available product can be used as it is.
- the amount of the acylating agent used in the acylation reaction is preferably 0.5 to 10 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 5 mol, relative to 1 mol of compound (XVIII-b).
- the acylation reaction is generally performed in a solvent.
- a solvent that does not inhibit the reaction is appropriately selected.
- examples of such a solvent include aromatic amines such as pyridine; halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, chloroform or 1,2-dichloroethane; ethers such as tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane; Examples thereof include aliphatic nitriles such as pionitrile. These mixed solvents may be used.
- aromatic amine such as pyridine
- halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, chloroform or 1,2-dichloroethane
- ethers such as tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane
- aliphatic nitriles such as pionitrile.
- the reaction temperature in the acylation reaction is preferably ⁇ 40 ° C. to 100 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 20 ° C. to 80 ° C.
- the reaction time in the acylation reaction varies depending on the reaction conditions, but is preferably 5 minutes to 72 hours, more preferably 30 minutes to 24 hours.
- Chlorination step of compounds (XVIII-a), (XVIII-b) and (XVIII-c) The pharmacologically acceptable salts of compounds (XVIII-a), (XVIII-b) and (XVIII-c) are, for example, those of compound (XVIII-a), (XVIII-b) or (XVIII-c) It is obtained by a chlorination reaction using an acid.
- Examples of the acid used for the chlorination reaction include inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid or hydrobromic acid; or oxalic acid, malonic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, lactic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, acetic acid Organic acids such as trifluoroacetic acid, maleic acid, gluconic acid, benzoic acid, salicylic acid, xinafoic acid, pamoic acid, ascorbic acid, adipic acid, methanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid or cinnamic acid.
- inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid or hydrobromic acid
- Organic acids such as trifluoroacetic acid, male
- the chlorination reaction is generally performed in a solvent.
- a solvent that does not inhibit the reaction is appropriately selected.
- examples of such a solvent include aliphatic alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and 2-propanol; ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane and ethylene glycol dimethyl ether; N, N-dimethylformamide or N Amides such as methylpyrrolidone; Sulfoxides such as dimethyl sulfoxide; Aliphatic nitriles such as acetonitrile or propionitrile; Ketones such as acetone or 2-butanone; Esters such as ethyl acetate, methyl acetate or n-butyl acetate Or water. These mixed solvents may be used.
- the analgesic action of the cyclic amine derivative (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, particularly the therapeutic effect of neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia can be evaluated using an appropriate animal model.
- Suitable animal models for neuropathic pain include, for example, the mouse or rat sciatic partial ligation model (Malberg et al., Pain, 1998, Vol. 76, p. 215-222) or mouse or rat spinal nerve ligation. Model (Kim et al., Pain, 1992, 50, 355-363).
- Suitable animal models for fibromyalgia include, for example, the rat fibromyalgia model (Sluka et al., Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 2002, 302, p. 1146-1150; Nagakura et al., Pain, 2009, 146, p. 26-33; Sluka et al., Pain, 2009, 146, p. 3-4).
- the cyclic amine derivative (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof has an excellent analgesic action, particularly a therapeutic effect for neuropathic pain and / or fibromyalgia, and therefore is used as a medicine. And is preferably used as an analgesic, and particularly preferably used as a therapeutic agent for neuropathic pain and / or a therapeutic agent for fibromyalgia.
- cyclic amine derivative of the present invention or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof exhibits a strong analgesic action against pain, particularly neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia, and has a central side effect.
- Analgesics that can be administered for a long period of time because they have high safety, excellent metabolic stability, oral absorption, and pharmacokinetics such as plasma concentration, and also have sustained drug efficacy. It can be used as a therapeutic agent for neuropathic pain and a therapeutic agent for fibromyalgia.
- neuropathic pain examples include cancer pain, herpes zoster pain, postherpetic neuralgia, AIDS-related neuralgia, diabetic neuropathic pain, or trigeminal neuralgia.
- Fibromyalgia refers to symptoms diagnosed by a specialist as fibromyalgia. Diagnosis by a specialist is generally performed with reference to classification criteria of the American College of Rheumatology.
- the cyclic amine derivative (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof is also useful for treating acute and chronic pain.
- Acute pain is usually short-term, but includes post-operative pain, post-extraction pain, or trigeminal neuralgia.
- Chronic pain is usually defined as pain lasting for 3-6 months and includes somatic and psychogenic pain, including rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis or postherpetic neuralgia .
- the pharmaceutical containing the cyclic amine derivative (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient is a mammal (eg, mouse, rat, hamster, rabbit, cat, dog, cow, sheep, monkey or human).
- a mammal eg, mouse, rat, hamster, rabbit, cat, dog, cow, sheep, monkey or human.
- it when administered to humans, it exhibits excellent analgesic action, particularly therapeutic effects on neuropathic pain and / or fibromyalgia.
- the cyclic amine derivative (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof is used as a medicine
- the cyclic amine derivative (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof is incorporated as it is or with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
- it can be administered orally or parenterally.
- Examples of dosage forms for oral administration of a pharmaceutical containing the cyclic amine derivative (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient include tablets (including sugar-coated tablets and film-coated tablets), pills, Examples include granules, powders, capsules (including soft capsules and microcapsules), syrups, emulsions, and suspensions.
- Examples of dosage forms for parenteral administration of a pharmaceutical containing the cyclic amine derivative (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient include, for example, injections, infusions, infusions, and suppositories. And a coating agent or a patch.
- a suitable base for example, a polymer of butyric acid, a polymer of glycolic acid, a copolymer of butyric acid-glycolic acid, a mixture of a polymer of butyric acid and a polymer of glycolic acid, or a polyglycerol fatty acid ester
- a suitable base for example, a polymer of butyric acid, a polymer of glycolic acid, a copolymer of butyric acid-glycolic acid, a mixture of a polymer of butyric acid and a polymer of glycolic acid, or a polyglycerol fatty acid ester
- the preparation of the above dosage form can be performed according to a known production method generally used in the pharmaceutical field. In this case, if necessary, it is produced by containing excipients, binders, lubricants, disintegrants, sweeteners, surfactants, suspending agents, emulsifiers and the like generally used in the pharmaceutical field. be able to.
- Tablets can be prepared, for example, by containing an excipient, a binder, a disintegrant, or a lubricant. Pills and granules can be prepared, for example, by containing an excipient, a binder or a disintegrant. Moreover, powders and capsules can be prepared, for example, by containing an excipient.
- the syrup preparation can be prepared, for example, by adding a sweetener.
- the emulsion or suspension can be prepared, for example, by containing a surfactant, suspending agent or emulsifier.
- excipient examples include lactose, glucose, starch, sucrose, microcrystalline cellulose, licorice powder, mannitol, sodium bicarbonate, calcium phosphate or calcium sulfate.
- binder examples include starch paste, gum arabic solution, gelatin solution, tragacanth solution, carboxymethyl cellulose solution, sodium alginate solution, and glycerin.
- disintegrant examples include starch and calcium carbonate.
- Examples of the lubricant include magnesium stearate, stearic acid, calcium stearate, and purified talc.
- sweetener examples include glucose, fructose, invert sugar, sorbitol, xylitol, glycerin and simple syrup.
- surfactant examples include sodium lauryl sulfate, polysorbate 80, sorbitan monofatty acid ester, and polyoxyl 40 stearate.
- suspending agent examples include gum arabic, sodium alginate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, and bentonite.
- emulsifier examples include gum arabic, tragacanth, gelatin, and polysorbate 80.
- a pharmaceutical containing the cyclic amine derivative (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient is prepared in the above-mentioned dosage form, a colorant generally used in the pharmaceutical field, storage Agents, fragrances, flavoring agents, stabilizers, thickeners and the like can be added.
- the daily dose of a pharmaceutical containing the cyclic amine derivative (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient varies depending on the patient's condition or body weight, the type of compound, the administration route, and the like.
- the cyclic amine derivative (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof is divided into 1 to 3 times within the range of 1 to 1000 mg as an active ingredient amount.
- the cyclic amine derivative (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof as the active ingredient amount is 0.01 per kg body weight.
- Administration by intravenous injection in the range of ⁇ 100 mg is preferred.
- the cyclic amine derivative (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof may be used in combination with or in combination with other drugs in order to supplement or enhance the therapeutic or preventive effect, or to reduce the dose.
- Other drugs in this case include, for example, antidepressants such as amitriptyline, milnacipran or duloxetine; anxiolytics such as alprazolam; anticonvulsants such as carbamazepine; local anesthetics such as lidocaine; and sympathetic nerves such as adrenaline.
- Agonists such as ketamine
- GABA transaminase inhibitors such as sodium valproate
- calcium channel blockers such as pregabalin
- serotonin receptor antagonists such as risperidone
- GABA receptor function promoters such as diazepam
- Anti-inflammatory drugs such as diclofenac.
- the solvent name shown in the NMR data indicates the solvent used for the measurement.
- the 400 MHz NMR spectrum was measured using a JNM-AL400 type nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus (manufactured by JEOL Ltd.).
- the chemical shift is represented by ⁇ (unit: ppm) based on tetramethylsilane, and the signals are s (single line), d (double line), t (triple line), q (quadruplex line), quint, respectively.
- ESI-MS spectrum was measured using Agilent Technologies 1200 Series, G6130A (manufactured by Agilent Technology). All solvents were commercially available. For flash column chromatography, YFLC W-prep2XY (manufactured by Yamazen) was used.
- HPLC purification was performed under the following conditions.
- Equipment K-Prep system column manufactured by Kyoto Chromatography Co., Ltd .: CHIRALPAK IC, 50 ⁇ 250 mm (manufactured by Daicel Corporation)
- Flow rate 35 mL / min
- Detection method UV 220 nm
- Column temperature 40 ° C
- the raw material and intermediate of the cyclic amine derivative (I) were synthesized by the method described in the following reference examples.
- the commercially available compound was used about the compound which is used for the synthesis
- the organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure.
- the residue was dissolved in hydrochloric acid (1.0N) and extracted with ethyl acetate.
- the aqueous layer was made basic by adding a 48% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, and extracted with dichloromethane.
- the organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure.
- the residue was dissolved in methanol (25.0 mL), concentrated hydrochloric acid (5.0 mL) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 40 ° C. for 12 hr.
- the reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure and then dissolved in distilled water.
- reaction solution B The reaction solution was added at room temperature and stirred at the same temperature for 2.5 hours (reaction solution B).
- Reaction solution A was added to reaction solution B at room temperature, and the reaction solution was stirred at 80 ° C. for 2 hours.
- the reaction was cooled to room temperature.
- Hydrochloric acid (1.0 N) was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with 10% aqueous sodium chloride solution, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure.
- Example 4 1-((R) -3- (3- (Dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl) -3-hydroxy-3- (1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl) propane-1 -On synthesis: (R) -1- (3- (Dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl) -3- (1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl) propane-1,3-dione (0.140 g, 0.503 mmol) ) In ethanol (2.5 mL) was added sodium borohydride (0.0210 g, 0.553 mmol) at room temperature and the reaction was stirred at the same temperature for 3 hours.
- Example 7 Synthesis of 1- (4- (dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl) -3-hydroxy-3- (1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl) propan-1-one hydrochloride Of 1- (4- (dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl) -3-hydroxy-3- (1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl) propan-1-one (0.0220 g, 0.0785 mmol) To a water (0.156 mL) solution, hydrochloric acid (1.0 N, 0.086 mL, 0.086 mmol) was added at 0 ° C., and the reaction solution was stirred at room temperature for 15 hours.
- hydrochloric acid 1.0 N, 0.086 mL, 0.086 mmol
- Example 8 Synthesis of 1- (4- (dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl) -3- (1-ethyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl) -3-hydroxypropan-1-one: A solution of 1- (4- (dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl) ethanone (0.300 g, 1.76 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (6.0 mL) and a solution of lithium diisopropylamide in tetrahydrofuran (2.0 M, 0.969 mL, 1 .94 mmol) was added dropwise at ⁇ 78 ° C., and the mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 1 hour.
- Example 9 1- (4- (Dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl) -3-hydroxy-3- (1- (2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) -1H-imidazol-2-yl) Synthesis of propan-1-one: A solution of 1- (4- (dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl) ethanone (0.267 g, 1.57 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (6.0 mL) and a solution of lithium diisopropylamide in tetrahydrofuran (2.0 M, 0.862 mL, 1 72 mmol) was added dropwise at ⁇ 78 ° C., and the mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 1 hour.
- aqueous sodium hydroxide solution 1.0 N, 1.19 mL, 1.19 mmol
- Chloroform (10.0 mL) was added to the obtained residue at room temperature and dissolved.
- Diisopropylethylamine 0.568 mL, 3.25 mmol
- HBTU 0.616 g, 1.63 mmol
- 4- (dimethylamino) piperidine (0.125 g, 0.975 mmol
- a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (1.0 N, 1.47 mL, 1.47 mmol) was added to the reaction solution at 0 ° C., and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours, and then concentrated under reduced pressure.
- Chloroform (16.0 mL) was added to the obtained residue at room temperature and dissolved.
- Diisopropylethylamine (0.863 mL, 4.94 mmol), HBTU (0.937 g, 2.47 mmol) and 4- (dimethylamino) piperidine (0.190 g, 1.48 mmol) were added to the reaction solution at room temperature, and the reaction solution was added. Stir at the same temperature for 16 hours.
- a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (1.0 N, 1.47 mL, 1.47 mmol) was added to the reaction solution at 0 ° C., and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. Chloroform (15.0 mL) was added to the resulting residue at room temperature and dissolved. Diisopropylethylamine (0.801 mL, 4.59 mmol), HBTU (0.870 g, 2.29 mmol) and 4- (dimethylamino) piperidine (0.176 g, 1.38 mmol) were added to the reaction solution at room temperature, and the reaction solution was added. Stir at the same temperature for 16 hours.
- a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (1.0 N, 2.05 mL, 2.05 mmol) was added to the reaction solution at 0 ° C., and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. Chloroform (18.6 mL) was added to the obtained residue at room temperature and dissolved. Diisopropylethylamine (0.976 mL, 5.59 mmol), HBTU (1.06 g, 2.80 mmol) and 4- (dimethylamino) piperidine (0.215 g, 1.68 mmol) were added to the reaction solution at room temperature, and the reaction solution was added. Stir at the same temperature for 16 hours.
- mice sciatic nerve partial ligation model Effect on mouse sciatic nerve partial ligation model: Using a mouse partial sciatic nerve ligation model (Seltzer model) that can evaluate neuropathic pain, the analgesic action of the cyclic amine derivative (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof was examined.
- a mouse partial sciatic nerve ligation model was prepared according to the method of Seltzer et al. (Malberg et al., Pain, 1998, Vol. 76, p. 215-222).
- neuropathic pain (hereinafter von Frey test) was performed by acclimatizing a mouse for at least 1 hour in a measurement acrylic cage (Natsume Seisakusho or Shinano Seisakusho) installed on a net, and then applying 0.16 g of pressure.
- mice of the sciatic nerve partial ligation group were treated with the compound of Example 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 or 13 (Examples 1, 2).
- 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, and 13 are each 10 mg / kg
- the compound of Example 7 is 0.01 to 1 mg / kg
- the compound of Example 9 is 0.01 to 10 mg / kg.
- the compound of Example 11 is 0.001 to 0.1 mg / kg
- the compound of Example 12 is 0.01 to 1 mg / kg)
- the group in which the compound of Example 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 or 13 was administered to mice in the sciatic nerve partial ligation group was referred to as “sciatic nerve partial ligation + example.
- the group in which distilled water was orally administered to mice in the sciatic nerve partial ligation group was referred to as the “sciatic nerve partial ligation + distilled water” group
- the group in which distilled water was orally administered to mice in the sham operation group was referred to as “sham surgery + Distilled water "group.
- the von Frey test was conducted before oral administration of the test compound (pre value), 1 hour, 2 hours and 3 hours after oral administration.
- the horizontal axis shows the time (hr) after administration of the test compound.
- the evaluation of drug efficacy was performed by using the “Sciatic nerve partial ligation + distilled water” group (“sciatic nerve partial ligation + distilled water” in the figure) at each measurement time as a control, and two unmatched Welch tests or Shirley-Williams tests Statistical processing was performed.
- the ⁇ or # mark in the figure is statistically significant in comparison with the “sciatic nerve partial ligation + distilled water” group ( ⁇ : Welch test (p ⁇ 0.05), or #: Shirley ⁇ Williams test (p ⁇ 0.025)).
- Comparative Example 7 Effect on mouse sciatic nerve partial ligation model: The analgesic action of the compounds of Comparative Examples 1, 3, 4, 5, and 6 was examined using a mouse partial sciatic nerve ligation model (Seltzer model) that can evaluate neuropathic pain.
- a mouse partial sciatic nerve ligation model was prepared according to the method of Seltzer et al. (Malberg et al., Pain, 1998, Vol. 76, p. 215-222).
- neuropathic pain (hereinafter von Frey test) was performed by acclimatizing a mouse for at least 2 hours in a measurement acrylic cage (Natsume Seisakusho or Shinano Seisakusho) installed on a net, and then applying 0.16 g of pressure.
- mice of the sciatic nerve partial ligation group were given compounds of Comparative Example 1, 3, 4, 5 or 6 (Compound of Comparative Example 1 was 0.01 to 1 mg / kg, and Comparative Examples 3 to 3). 6 was 10 mg / kg each) or pregabalin (10 mg / kg; Bosch Scientific) as a positive control was orally administered after dissolving in distilled water.
- the group in which the compound of Comparative Example 1, 3, 4, 5 or 6 was administered to the mice of the sciatic nerve partial ligation group was divided into the “sciatic nerve partial ligation + compound of Comparative Example 1” group and “sciatic nerve partial ligation + comparison”, respectively.
- Pregabalin as “Compound of Example 3”, “Partial ligation of sciatic nerve + Compound of Comparative Example 4” group, “Partial ligation of sciatic nerve + Compound of Comparative Example 5” group, “Partial ligation of sciatic nerve + Compound of Comparative Example 6” was administered as a “sciatic nerve partial ligation + pregabalin” group.
- the group in which distilled water was orally administered to mice in the sciatic nerve partial ligation group was referred to as the “sciatic nerve partial ligation + distilled water” group
- the group in which distilled water was orally administered to mice in the sham operation group was referred to as “sham surgery + Distilled water "group.
- the von Frey test was conducted before oral administration of the test compound (pre value), 1 hour, 2 hours and 3 hours after oral administration.
- the horizontal axis shows the time (hr) after administration of the test compound.
- the efficacy of the compounds of Comparative Examples 1, 3, 4, 5 or 6 was evaluated by the “sciatic nerve partial ligation + distilled water” group (“sciatic nerve partial ligation + distilled water” in the left side of FIGS. 14 and 15).
- statistical processing was performed by unpaired t-test (corrected by Dunnett) of multiple groups.
- the ⁇ marks in the left side of FIGS. 14 and 15 indicate that the comparison with the “sciatic nerve partial ligation + distilled water” group is statistically significant ( ⁇ : p ⁇ 0.05).
- the compound of Comparative Example 1 showed a statistically significant analgesic effect from a dose of 0.01 mg / kg, but was strongest after 1 hour of oral administration and attenuated after 2 and 3 hours. There was a tendency to.
- the compound of Comparative Example 3, 4, 5 or 6 was strongest 1 hour after oral administration, and its analgesic action tended to decrease after 2 hours and 3 hours.
- the compound of Example 11 showed a statistically significant analgesic action from an extremely low dose of 0.001 mg / kg, and the analgesic action lasted up to 2 hours after oral administration. Furthermore, the analgesic action of the compound of Example 11 at 0.1 mg / kg persisted until 3 hours after oral administration.
- Example 15 Effect on rat fibromyalgia model: Using a rat fibromyalgia model capable of evaluating fibromyalgia, the analgesic action of the cyclic amine derivative (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof was examined.
- Fibromyalgia model rats generally used in basic research of fibromyalgia (Sluka et al., Journal of Pharmaceutical and Experimental Therapeutics, 2002, Vol. 302, p. 1146-1150; Nagakura et al., Pain, 2009, Vol.146, p.26-33; Sluka et al., Pain, 2009, vol.146, p.3-4) 100 ⁇ L of acidic physiological saline adjusted to pH 4.0 was used to produce isoflurane continuous inhalation anesthesia.
- Allodynia in each rat was measured on the 7th day from the first administration of acidic physiological saline, and fibromyalgia was observed in rats with a 50% response threshold (average value of right hind limb and left hind limb) of 2 g to 6 g.
- the rats were selected as onset fibromyalgia model rats and used in the following administration experiments.
- Allodynia was measured using a von Frey filament (North Coast Medical) according to the method described in publicly known literature (Chaplan et al., Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 1994, Vol. 53, p.55-63). .
- the fibromyalgia model rats thus obtained were divided into groups so that the 50% response threshold (average value of right hind limb and left hind limb) was equal between groups, and 7 days from the first administration of acidic physiological saline. Eyes were administered test compounds to fibromyalgia model rats.
- Example 11 The compound of Example 11 (0.1 to 10 mg / kg) was dissolved in distilled water and orally administered to a fibromyalgia model rat (“acidic physiological saline + compound of Example 11” in FIG. 13).
- pregabalin 10 mg / kg; KEMPROTEC
- distilled water was orally administered to a fibromyalgia model rat (“acidic physiological saline + distilled water” in FIG. 13).
- distilled water was orally administered to rats in which fibromyalgia did not develop ("physiological saline + distilled water" in FIG.
- the analgesic effect was evaluated by measuring the allodynia of each rat 1 hour and 3 hours after oral administration. At that time, the 50% reaction threshold value in the allodynia measurement before the oral administration of the test compound on the seventh day from the first administration day of the acidic physiological saline was defined as the pre value.
- FIG. 13 shows the results of oral administration of the compound of Example 11.
- the horizontal axis of the figure shows the pre-oral administration (pre value) of the compound of Example 11 and the elapsed time (hr) from the oral administration.
- ⁇ mark or # mark in the figure is a non-corresponding t test or Williams test with the “acidic saline solution + distilled water” group (“acidic saline solution + distilled water” in the figure) for each measurement time as a control.
- ⁇ : t test (p ⁇ 0.05) or #: Williams test (p ⁇ 0.025) is statistically significant.
- Fibromyalgia model rats generally used in basic research of fibromyalgia (Sluka et al., Journal of Pharmaceutical and Experimental Therapeutics, 2002, 302, p. 1146-50; Nagakura et al., Pain, 2009, Vol.146, p.26-33; Sluka et al., Pain, 2009, vol.146, p.3-4) 100 ⁇ L of acidic physiological saline adjusted to pH 4.0 was used to produce isoflurane continuous inhalation anesthesia.
- Fibromyalgia developed in rats with a 50% response threshold (average value of right hind limb and left hind limb) of 6 g or less when allodynia of each rat was measured on the 7th day from the first administration of acidic saline. It selected as a fibromyalgia model rat, and used for the following administration experiments. Allodynia was measured using a von Frey filament according to the method described in known literature (Chaplan et al., Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 1994, Vol. 53, p. 55-63).
- the fibromyalgia model rats thus obtained were divided into groups so that the 50% response threshold was uniform between the groups, and the compound of Comparative Example 1 (0 0.1 to 1 mg / kg) or pregabalin (10 mg / kg; Bosch Scientific) as a positive control was dissolved in distilled water and orally administered.
- distilled water was orally administered to a fibromyalgia model rat ("acidic physiological saline + distilled water" group on the left side of FIG. 16). It should be noted that distilled water was orally administered to rats in which fibromyalgia did not develop ("physiological saline + distilled water” group).
- the analgesic action of the test compound was evaluated by measuring the allodynia of each rat at 1 hour, 2 hours and 3 hours after oral administration. At that time, the 50% reaction threshold value in the allodynia measurement before the oral administration of the test compound on the seventh day from the first administration day of the acidic physiological saline was defined as the pre value.
- the horizontal axis represents the time (hr) elapsed before or after oral administration of the test compound (pre value).
- the ⁇ mark in the left side shows a group of “acidic saline solution + distilled water” for each measurement time (“acidic saline solution + distilled water” in the left side of FIG. 16) as a control.
- ⁇ As a result of the test (correction by Dunnett), it is statistically significant ( ⁇ : p ⁇ 0.05).
- the group to which the compound of Comparative Example 1 was orally administered (“acidic physiological saline + compound of Comparative Example 1” in the left side of FIG. 16) was the group to which pregabalin as a positive control was orally administered (“acidic” in the left side of FIG. 16). Similar to “saline solution + pregabalin”), allodynia observed in fibromyalgia model rats was statistically significantly improved as compared with the “acid saline solution + distilled water” group.
- the compound of Comparative Example 1 showed a statistically significant analgesic action, but the analgesic action tended to be significantly attenuated 3 hours after oral administration.
- the compound of Example 11 showed a statistically significant analgesic action, and the analgesic action lasted for 3 hours after oral administration.
- the cyclic amine derivative (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof is more effective against fibromyalgia than the imidazole derivative described in International Publication No. 2013/147160 (Patent Document 4). It became clear that it showed a sustained analgesic action.
- Example 16 Stability test in human, monkey, dog and mouse liver microsomes: Using a stability test in liver microsomes known as in vitro evaluation to evaluate the stability of compounds to liver metabolism, humans, monkeys of cyclic amine derivatives (I) or pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof, The stability to hepatic metabolism of dogs and mice was evaluated.
- Example 11 The compound of Example 11, Comparative Example 1 or Comparative Example 6 was used as a test compound, and human liver microsomes (Xenotech), monkey liver microsomes (Xenotech), dog liver microsomes (Xenotech) or mouse liver microsomes (Xenotech) as liver microsomes. Experiment).
- the reagent used for the stability test in the liver microsome was prepared as follows. D-glucose 6-phosphate disodium salt (hereinafter referred to as G6P) was dissolved in distilled water to prepare a 100 mmol / L G6P aqueous solution. 1000 units of Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase from Yeast (hereinafter referred to as G6PDH) was dissolved in 5 mL of distilled water to prepare a 200 units / mL G6PDH aqueous solution. MgCl 2 was dissolved in distilled water to prepare a 100 mmol / L MgCl 2 aqueous solution.
- G6P D-glucose 6-phosphate disodium salt
- G6PDH 1000 units of Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase from Yeast
- MgCl 2 was dissolved in distilled water to prepare a 100 mmol / L MgCl 2 aqueous solution.
- NADPH ⁇ -nicotinamide-adenine dinuclide phosphate, reduced form, tetrasodium salt
- the stability test in liver microsomes was performed according to the following procedure. First, the reagents listed in Table 2 (except NADPH) were mixed to obtain a reaction mixture.
- the mixed solution for the reaction plays a role of four wells (respectively, a 0-minute reaction well, a 30-minute reaction well, a 20-minute reaction well, and a 10-minute reaction well) of a 96-well tube plate (hereinafter referred to as a plate). 135 ⁇ L each, and the whole plate was covered with a silicon cap and immersed in a 37 ° C. water bath for 10 minutes for preincubation.
- the residual ratio of the test compound was plotted on the semilogarithm with respect to the reaction time, and fitted to the following formula 1 by the least square method to calculate the disappearance rate constant k (min ⁇ 1 ). Furthermore, based on the following formula 2, the obtained k was divided by the microsomal protein concentration to calculate the liver specific clearance CL int (mL / min / mg).
- Test compound residual ratio A ⁇ exp ( ⁇ kt) Equation 1
- CL int k / microsomal protein concentration Equation 2
- Table 3 shows the values of the liver intrinsic clearance obtained as a result of the stability test in liver microsomes. In addition, it shows that metabolism of the test compound in liver microsome is quick, so that the value of liver intrinsic clearance is large. “NE” in the table indicates that the test was not conducted.
- the value of liver intrinsic clearance in the liver microsome stability test using the compound of Example 11 as the test compound was compared with that when the compound of Comparative Example 1 or Comparative Example 6 was used as the test compound. It was small in common for all animal species that were tested in this Example. Therefore, it was clarified that the compound of Example 11 is hardly metabolized in human, monkey, dog and mouse liver, that is, stably exists in the living body.
- Example 17 Pharmacokinetics (PK) test As a test compound, the concentration in plasma after the compound of Example 11 or Comparative Example 2 was intravenously or orally administered to monkeys was examined.
- experimental method A 4-6 year old cynomolgus monkey (male) that freely ingested solid feed (Oriental Yeast Co., Ltd.) and tap water was used after fasting from the evening of the day before administration (after 16:00). Feeding was resumed after blood collection was completed 4 hours after administration.
- the compound of Example 11 or Comparative Example 2 was administered to cynomolgus monkeys once intravenously (1 mg / kg) or once orally (1 mg / kg).
- the intravenous administration solution of the compound of Example 11 or Comparative Example 2 was dissolved in Japanese Pharmacopoeia physiological saline to prepare a concentration of 10 mg / mL.
- the oral administration liquid of the compound of Example 11 or Comparative Example 2 was dissolved in Japanese Pharmacopoeia water for injection to prepare a concentration of 1 mg / mL.
- Intravenous administration was performed from the saphenous vein using a syringe equipped with an injection needle. Oral administration was forced into the stomach by inserting a catheter into the nasal cavity.
- the collected blood was centrifuged at 1800 ⁇ g for 15 minutes at 4 ° C. to obtain plasma.
- the obtained plasma was stored at about ⁇ 80 ° C. until preparation of the sample for analysis.
- the plasma obtained from the cynomolgus monkey administered with the test compound is called a plasma sample, and the plasma obtained from the cynomolgus monkey not administered with the test compound is called blank plasma.
- an internal standard solution and 150 ⁇ L of methanol were added to 50 ⁇ L of a plasma sample obtained from a cynomolgus monkey administered with the compound of Comparative Example 2 or appropriately diluted with blank plasma, and stirred at 4 ° C. Cooled for 10 minutes.
- a calibration curve sample was prepared by treating a blank plasma with a calibration curve standard solution added thereto in the same manner. Each sample after cooling was centrifuged at 4 ° C. and 2000 rpm for 10 minutes (Hitachi Koki), and the supernatant was diluted 10-fold with 70 vol% acetonitrile containing 0.1 vol% formic acid as an analytical sample. MS / MS analysis was performed. LC / MS / MS analysis conditions are as follows.
- the plasma concentration average value of the cynomolgus monkey administered with the compound of Example 11 was compared with the average plasma concentration value of the cynomolgus monkey administered with the compound of Comparative Example 2 at all time points. It was expensive.
- the maximum plasma concentration (C max ) at the time of oral administration was 279 ng / mL for the compound of Example 11 and 146 ng / mL for the compound of Comparative Example 2.
- the plasma half-life (t 1/2 ) upon oral administration was 7.55 h for the compound of Example 11 and 6.56 h for the compound of Comparative Example 2.
- the systemic clearance (CL tot ) representing the disappearance rate of the compound was 195 mL / h / kg for the compound of Example 11 and 501 mL / h / kg for the compound of Comparative Example 2.
- the bioavailability (BA) indicating the ratio of oral absorption was 52.6% for the compound of Example 11 and 42.6% for the compound of Comparative Example 2.
- the cyclic amine derivative (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof has higher oral absorbability than the imidazole derivative described in International Publication No. 2013/147160 (Patent Document 4).
- Patent Document 4 it was revealed that a high plasma concentration can be obtained.
- Example 18 Evaluation of cytoplasmic vacuolation induction using aortic smooth muscle cells: Using an aortic smooth muscle cell line, which is an in vitro evaluation system for evaluating the cytoplasmic vacuolation induction of a compound, the cytoplasmic vacuolation induction of a cyclic amine derivative (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof is demonstrated. evaluated.
- test compounds As test compounds, the compounds of Examples 3, 9, 11, 12 or Comparative Examples 2 to 6 were used.
- Canine aortic smooth muscle cells (source: Toyobo) or human aortic smooth muscle cells (T / G HA-VSMG, source: ATCC) with test compound at 1.0 or 1.2 mmol
- the cells were treated for 24 hours or 2 weeks at a concentration of / L, and the cells were stained with HE staining, LAMP-2 immunostaining or toluidine blue staining, and then the presence or absence of cytoplasmic vacuolation was determined with an optical microscope.
- Tables 5 and 6 The results of evaluation of cytoplasmic vacuolation induction are shown in Tables 5 and 6.
- Table 5 shows the results of evaluation using canine aortic smooth muscle cells (test compound concentration: 1.0 mmol / L, test compound treatment time: 24 hours), and Table 6 uses human aortic smooth muscle cells. (Test compound concentration: 1.0 or 1.2 mmol / L, test compound treatment time: 24 hours or 2 weeks). “Yes” in the table indicates that cytoplasmic vacuolation was confirmed, and “None” indicates that cytoplasmic vacuolation was not confirmed.
- Example 11 or Comparative Example 2 was used as the test compound.
- the compound of Example 11 or Comparative Example 2 was orally administered repeatedly for 2 weeks to Crl: CD (SD) rats (7 weeks old, female and male; Charles River Japan, Inc.), general condition observation, body weight measurement, food intake Measurement, ophthalmological examination (only the compound of Example 11), hematological examination, blood chemistry examination, urinalysis, bone marrow examination, pathological anatomical examination, organ weight measurement, histopathological examination and immunotoxicity examination Carried out.
- the toxicokinetics (TK) measurement was implemented on the 1st day and 14th day of administration, and it confirmed that each test compound was exposed.
- the administration dose of the test compound was 0, 250, 500, 1000 mg / kg / day, and the administration volume was 10 mL / kg.
- the compound of Example 11 was phosphate buffered saline, and the compound of Comparative Example 2 was distilled water.
- the cyclic amine derivative (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof has a high non-toxic amount compared to the imidazole derivative described in International Publication No. 2013/147160 (Patent Document 4). It became clear that.
- Table 7 shows a comparison with the imidazole derivatives described in No. 147160 (Patent Document 4).
- Table 8 shows the general formula of the cyclic amine derivative (I) of the present invention or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof and the imidazole derivative described in International Publication No. 2013/147160 (Patent Document 4).
- Patent Document 4 The imidazole derivatives described in International Publication No. 2013/147160 (Patent Document 4) are represented by the general formula in the lower part of Table 8. According to the chemical structure shown in the general formula in the lower part of Table 8, the analgesic action was remarkably reduced when each dimethylamino group, X or imidazolyl group was converted to another structure, and WO 2013/147160 ( Patent Document 4, paragraph [0209]).
- the cyclic amine derivative (I) of the present invention or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof corresponds to a compound obtained by converting the chemical structure X shown in the general formula in the lower part of Table 8 into another chemical structure. .
- the cyclic amine derivative (I) of the present invention or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof is superior to the imidazole derivative described in International Publication No. 2013/147160 (Patent Document 4).
- Patent Document 4 the cyclic amine derivative (I) of the present invention or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof is superior to the imidazole derivative described in International Publication No. 2013/147160 (Patent Document 4).
- it also has long-lasting medicinal properties, and also has high safety and excellent pharmacokinetics (metabolic stability, oral absorption, plasma concentration, etc.) and is excellent as a medicine It was revealed that the compound had the above characteristics.
- the cyclic amine derivative of the present invention or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof can exert an analgesic action on pain, particularly neuropathic pain or fibromyalgia, it can be used as a medicament for pain symptoms.
- the cyclic amine derivative of the present invention or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof has high safety, excellent pharmacokinetics such as metabolic stability, oral absorption and plasma concentration, and also has sustained drug efficacy. Therefore, it is useful as a therapeutic agent for pain, particularly neuropathic pain or fibromyalgia.
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Abstract
Description
環状アミン誘導体(I)のうち、Aが一般式(IIa)で示される基である化合物(Ia-a)は、例えば、塩基存在下、化合物(IIIA)と化合物(IV)とのアルドール型縮合反応により得られる。
環状アミン誘導体(I)のうち、Aが一般式(IIa)で示される基であり、かつ、R2が水素原子である化合物(Ia-b)は、例えば、塩基存在下、化合物(IIIA)と化合物(IV)とのアルドール型縮合反応により得られる。
環状アミン誘導体(I)のうち、Aが一般式(IIa)で示される基であり、かつ、R2が水素原子である化合物(Ia-b)は、化合物(VA)の還元反応により得られる。
環状アミン誘導体(I)のうち、Aが一般式(IIa)で示される基であり、かつ、R2が炭素数2~5のアルキルカルボニル基である化合物(Ia-c)は、例えば、塩基存在下、化合物(Ia-b)の、炭素数2~5のカルボン酸のハロゲン化物又は酸無水物等のアシル化剤を用いるアシル化反応により得られる。
化合物(Ia-a)、(Ia-b)及び(Ia-c)の薬理学的に許容される塩は、例えば、化合物(Ia-a)、(Ia-b)又は(Ia-c)の、酸を用いる塩化反応により得られる。
化合物(IIIA)は、PGがアセチル基である化合物(VIA)と化合物(VIIA)との還元的アミノ化反応により得られる。
化合物(VIIIA)は、化合物(VIA)と化合物(VIIA)との還元的アミノ化反応により得られる。
化合物(IIa-a)は、化合物(VIIIA)の脱保護により得られる。
化合物(IIIA)は、化合物(IIa-a)のアセチル化反応により得られる。
化合物(X)は、化合物(IX)の塩基による脱プロトン化後にアルキル化試薬(LI)を作用させるアルキル化反応により得られる。
化合物(IV)は、化合物(X)の塩基による脱プロトン化後にホルミル基導入試薬を作用させるホルミル化反応により得られる。
化合物(IV)は、化合物(XI)の塩基による脱プロトン化後にアルキル化試薬(LI)を作用させるアルキル化反応により得られる。
化合物(VA)は、化合物(Ia-b)の酸化反応により得られる。
化合物(XII)は、塩基存在下、化合物(X)の、エステル基導入試薬を用いるエステル化反応により得られる。
化合物(XII)は、化合物(XIII)の塩基による脱プロトン化後にアルキル化試薬(LI)を作用させるアルキル化反応により得られる。
化合物(VA)は、塩基存在下、化合物(XII)と化合物(IIIA)との縮合反応により得られる。
化合物(XIV)は、化合物(XII)の加水分解反応により得られる。
化合物(XVI)は、塩基、カルボニルジイミダゾール及びマグネシウム塩存在下、化合物(XIV)と化合物(XV)との縮合反応により得られる。
化合物(VA)は、化合物(XVI)と化合物(IIa-a)とのアミド化反応により得られる。
環状アミン誘導体(I)のうち、Aが一般式(IIb)で示される基である化合物(Ib-a)は、例えば、塩基存在下、化合物(IIIB)と化合物(IV)とのアルドール型縮合反応により得られる。
環状アミン誘導体(I)のうち、Aが一般式(IIb)で示される基であり、かつ、R2が水素原子である化合物(Ib-b)は、例えば、塩基存在下、化合物(IIIB)と化合物(IV)とのアルドール型縮合反応により得られる。
環状アミン誘導体(I)のうち、Aが一般式(IIb)で示される基であり、かつ、R2が水素原子である化合物(Ib-b)は、化合物(VB)の還元反応により得られる。
環状アミン誘導体(I)のうち、Aが一般式(IIb)で示される基であり、かつ、R2が炭素数2~5のアルキルカルボニル基である化合物(Ib-c)は、例えば、塩基存在下、化合物(Ib-b)の、炭素数2~5のカルボン酸のハロゲン化物又は酸無水物等のアシル化剤を用いるアシル化反応により得られる。
化合物(Ib-a)、(Ib-b)及び(Ib-c)の薬理学的に許容される塩は、例えば、化合物(Ib-a)、(Ib-b)又は(Ib-c)の、酸を用いる塩化反応により得られる。
化合物(IIIB)は、PGがアセチル基である化合物(VIB)と化合物(VIIB)との還元的アミノ化反応により得られる。
化合物(VIIIB)は、化合物(VIB)と化合物(VIIB)との還元的アミノ化反応により得られる。
化合物(IIb-a)は、化合物(VIIIB)の脱保護により得られる。
化合物(IIIB)は、化合物(IIb-a)のアセチル化反応により得られる。
化合物(VB)は、化合物(Ib-b)の酸化反応により得られる。
化合物(VB)は、塩基存在下、化合物(XII)と化合物(IIIB)との縮合反応により得られる。
化合物(VB)は、化合物(XVI)と化合物(IIb-a)とのアミド化反応により得られる。
環状アミン誘導体(I)のうち、Aが一般式(IIc)で示される基である化合物(Ic-a)は、例えば、塩基存在下、化合物(IIIC)と化合物(IV)とのアルドール型縮合反応により得られる。
環状アミン誘導体(I)のうち、Aが一般式(IIc)で示される基であり、かつ、R2が水素原子である化合物(Ic-b)は、例えば、塩基存在下、化合物(IIIC)と化合物(IV)とのアルドール型縮合反応により得られる。
環状アミン誘導体(I)のうち、Aが一般式(IIc)で示される基であり、かつ、R2が水素原子である化合物(Ic-b)は、化合物(VC)の還元反応により得られる。
環状アミン誘導体(I)のうち、Aが一般式(IIc)で示される基であり、かつ、R2が炭素数2~5のアルキルカルボニル基である化合物(Ic-c)は、例えば、塩基存在下、化合物(Ic-b)の、炭素数2~5のカルボン酸のハロゲン化物又は酸無水物等のアシル化剤を用いるアシル化反応により得られる。
化合物(Ic-a)、(Ic-b)及び(Ic-c)の薬理学的に許容される塩は、例えば、化合物(Ic-a)、(Ic-b)又は(Ic-c)の、酸を用いる塩化反応により得られる。
化合物(IIIC)は、PGがアセチル基である化合物(VIC)と化合物(XVII)との還元的アミノ化反応により得られる。
化合物(VIIIC)は、化合物(VIC)と化合物(XVII)との還元的アミノ化反応により得られる。
化合物(IIc-a)は、化合物(VIIIC)の脱保護により得られる。
化合物(IIIC)は、化合物(IIc-a)のアセチル化反応により得られる。
化合物(VC)は、化合物(Ic-b)の酸化反応により得られる。
化合物(VC)は、塩基存在下、化合物(XII)と化合物(IIIC)との縮合反応により得られる。
化合物(VC)は、化合物(XVI)と化合物(IIc-a)とのアミド化反応により得られる。
環状アミン誘導体(I)のうち、Aが一般式(IIa)で示される基であり、かつ、*を付した不斉炭素の立体化学がS配置である化合物(XVIII-a)は、公知の手段(例えば、化合物(Ia-a)の光学活性な合成中間体を用いるか、又は、化合物(Ia-a)のラセミ混合物に対し、公知の方法若しくはそれに準ずる方法(例えば、光学分割)を用いる)により得られる。
1)キラルカラム法
ラセミ混合物を鏡像異性体分離用カラム(キラルカラム)にかけて分離することにより目的とする鏡像異性体を得る方法である。例えば、液体クロマトグラフィーの場合は、HPLC用キラルカラム(例えば、株式会社ダイセル製)等のキラルカラムにラセミ混合物を添加し、水、種々の緩衝液(例えば、リン酸緩衝液)、有機溶媒(例えば、n-ヘキサン、エタノール、メタノール、1-プロパノール、2-プロパノール、アセトニトリル、トリフルオロ酢酸、ジエチルアミン又はエチレンジアミン)を単独あるいは混合した溶液として展開させることにより、鏡像異性体を分離することができる。
ラセミ混合物を光学活性な試薬を用いてジアステレオマー混合物に変換し、ジアステレオマー間の物理化学的性質の差を利用して分離し、単一ジアステレオマーとした後、光学活性な試薬部位を切り離すことにより目的とする鏡像異性体を得る方法である。ラセミ混合物は、光学活性な試薬(例えば、MTPA(α-メトキシ-α-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル酢酸)、N-(p-トルエンスルホニル)-L-フェニルアラニルクロリド又はN-(4-ニトロフェニルスルホニル)-L-フェニルアラニルクロリド)を用いた公知の方法又はそれに準ずる方法によりジアステレオマー混合物に変換することができる。ジアステレオマー混合物を公知の手段(例えば、分別再結晶法又はクロマトグラフィー法)により分離することにより、単一ジアステレオマーが得られる。単一ジアステレオマーの光学活性な試薬部位を公知の方法又はそれに準ずる方法により切り離すことにより、目的とする鏡像異性体を得ることができる。例えば、化合物(Ia-a)の分子内水酸基と光学活性な有機酸又はその酸ハロゲン化物(例えば、N-(p-トルエンスルホニル)-L-フェニルアラニルクロリド)との縮合反応によりエステル体のジアステレオマー混合物に変換し、この混合物を分離後、酸加水分解反応又は塩基性加水分解反応により目的とする鏡像異性体を得ることができる。
環状アミン誘導体(I)のうち、Aが一般式(IIa)で示される基であり、*を付した不斉炭素の立体化学がS配置であり、かつ、R2が水素原子である化合物(XVIII-b)は、公知の手段、例えば、化合物(VA)の不斉還元反応又はそれに準ずる方法、により得られる。
環状アミン誘導体(I)のうち、Aが一般式(IIa)で示される基であり、*を付した不斉炭素の立体化学がS配置であり、かつ、R2が炭素数2~5のアルキルカルボニル基である化合物(XVIII-c)は、例えば、塩基存在下、化合物(XVIII-b)の、炭素数2~5のカルボン酸のハロゲン化物又は酸無水物等のアシル化剤を用いるアシル化反応により得られる。
化合物(XVIII-a)、(XVIII-b)及び(XVIII-c)の薬理学的に許容される塩は、例えば、化合物(XVIII-a)、(XVIII-b)又は(XVIII-c)の、酸を用いる塩化反応により得られる。
機器:株式会社京都クロマト製K-Prepシステム
カラム:CHIRALPAK IC、50×250mm(株式会社ダイセル製)
溶媒:0.01%エチレンジアミン含有n-ヘキサン/エタノール=60:40(v/v)
流量:35mL/min
検出法:UV220nm
カラム温度:40℃
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 1.35 (2H, dd, J=12.0, 3.6 Hz), 1.41 (2H, dd, J=12.0, 3.6 Hz), 1.85 (2H, d, J=12.8 Hz), 1.96-2.06 (2H, br), 2.28 (3H, s), 2.32 (1H, tt, J=11.6, 3.6 Hz), 3.37-3.70 (8H, m), 3.14 (2H, d, J=12.8 Hz).
ESI-MS: m/z= 169 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 1.30-1.47 (2H, m), 1.79-1.92 (2H, m), 2.10 (3H, s), 2.25-2.40 (7H, m), 2.53-2.63 (1H, m), 3.01-3.11 (1H, m), 3.81-3.90 (1H, m), 4.58-4.66 (1H, m).
ESI-MS: m/z= 171 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 1.44 (3H, t, J=7.6 Hz), 4.45 (2H, q, J=7.6 Hz), 7.18 (1H, s), 7.28 (1H, d, J=1.6 Hz), 9.82 (1H, s).
1H-NMR(400 MHz, CDCl3) δ:5.16 (2H, q, J=8.0 Hz), 7.25 (1H, brs), 7.38 (1H, brs), 9.83-9.85 (1H, m).
ESI-MS: m/z= 179 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 1.46 (3H, t, J=7.2 Hz), 4.47 (2H, q, J=7.2 Hz), 7.28 (1H, s), 7.53 (1H, d, J=1.6 Hz), 8.16 (1H, t, J=60.8 Hz).
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 1.42 (3H, t, J=7.2 Hz), 4.01 (3H, s), 4.40 (2H, q, J=7.2 Hz), 7.01-7.03 (1H, m), 7.13-7.15 (1H, m).
ESI-MS: m/z= 155 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 1.27 (3H, t, J=7.2 Hz), 4.01 (3H, s), 4.13 (2H, s), 4.21 (2H, q, J=7.2 Hz), 7.05-7.07 (1H, m), 7.15-7.17 (1H, m).
ESI-MS: m/z= 197 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 1.06 (3H, t, J=7.2 Hz), 1.40-1.70 (2H, m), 1.76-1.85 (2H, m), 2.25 (3H, s), 2.48-2.67 (4H, m), 3.03-3.13 (1H, m), 3.82-3.90 (1H, m), 4.01 (3H, s), 4.15-4.30 (2H, m), 4.62-4.70 (1H, m), 7.03-7.05 (1H, m), 7.13-7.15 (1H, m).
ESI-MS: m/z= 293 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 1.02 (6H, t, J=6.8 Hz), 1.37-1.58 (2H, m), 1.73-1.98 (2H, m), 2.48-2.78 (6H, m), 3.01-3.11 (1H, m), 3.80-3.88 (1H, m), 4.00 (3H, s), 4.14-4.28 (2H, m), 4.60-4.70 (1H, m), 7.03-7.05 (1H, m), 7.12-7.14 (1H, m).
ESI-MS: m/z= 307 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 1.38-1.60 (2H, m), 1.82-1.90 (2H, m), 1.95-2.10 (1H, m), 2.27 (3H, s), 2.36-2.68 (9H, m), 3.02-3.12 (1H, m), 3.79-3.88 (1H, m), 3.98 (3H, s), 4.13-4.28 (2H, m), 4.57-4.90 (1H, m), 7.02-7.04 (1H, m), 7.11-7.13 (1H, m).
ESI-MS: m/z= 334 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 1.35-1.85 (2H, m), 1.97-2.07 (1H, m), 2.16-2.38 (7H, m), 2.42-2.68 (1H, m), 2.87-3.05 (1H, m), 3.63-3.76 (1H, m), 3.84-4.02 (4H, m), 4.12-4.32 (2H, m), 4.53-4.70 (1H, m), 7.03-7.05 (1H, m), 7.13-7.15 (1H, m).
ESI-MS: m/z= 279 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 1.62-2.22 (6H, m), 1.85-1.98 (1H, m), 2.07-2.22 (1H, m), 2.65-2.87 (1H, m), 3.18-3.90 (4H, m), 4.00 (3H, s), 4.12-4.16 (2H, m), 7.03-7.05 (1H, m), 7.12-7.14 (1H, m).
ESI-MS: m/z= 265 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 1.32-1.5 (2H, m), 1.80-1.94 (2H, m), 2.22-41 (7H, m), 2.60-2.70 (1H, m), 3.03-3.13 (1H, m), 3.80-3.89 (1H, m), 4.01 (3H, s), 4.23 (2H, dd, J=15.6, 36.8 Hz), 4.55-4.67 (1H, m), 7.05 (1H, s), 7.14 (1H, s).
ESI-MS: m/z= 279 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 1.38-1.58 (2H, m), 1.80-1.94 (2H, m), 2.05 (6H, s), 2.31-2.42 (1H, m), 2.63-2.72 (1H, m), 3.08-3.18 (1H, m), 3.79-3.86 (1H, m), 4.22 (2H, dd, J=15.6, 24.6 Hz), 4.55-4.62 (1H, m), 7.27 (1H, s), 7.55 (1H, s), 8.08 (1H, t, J=60.8 Hz).
ESI-MS: m/z= 315 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 1.02-1.10 (3H, m), 1.35-1.58 (2H, m), 1.78-1.88 (2H, m), 2.23-2.25 (3H, m), 2.56-2.67 (4H, m), 2.98-3.09 (2H, m), 3.13-3.23 (1H, m), 3.77 (3H, s), 4.00-4.10 (1H, m), 4.60-4.74 (2H, m), 5.18-5.25 (1H, m), 6.85-6.87 (1H, m), 6.92-6.94 (1H, m).
ESI-MS: m/z= 295 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 0.94 (6H, t, J=6.8 Hz), 1.05-1.75 (5H, m), 2.42-3.10 (8H, m), 3.64 (3H, s), 3.93-4.02 (1H, m), 4.32-4.43 (1H, m), 5.00-5.08 (1H, m), 5.34-5.42 (1H, m), 6.69-6.71 (1H, m), 7.01-7.03 (1H, m).
ESI-MS: m/z= 309 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 1.45-1.66 (4H, m), 1.87-1.95 (2H, m), 2.26-2.30(3H, s), 2.38-2.70 (8H, m), 2.98-3.23 (3H, m), 3.77 (3H, s), 4.00-4.10 (1H, m), 4.60-4.70 (2H, m), 5.17-5.25 (1H, m), 6.85-6.88 (1H, m), 6.92-6.95 (1H, m).
ESI-MS: m/z= 336 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 1.33-1.43 (1H, m), 1.57-1.90 (1H, m), 2.14-2.24 (6H, m), 2.45-2.54 (4H, m), 2.75-3.06 (3H, m), 3.63-4.40 (5H, m), 4.99-5.08 (1H, m), 5.32-5.42 (1H, m), 6.70-6.73 (1H, m), 7.01-7.03 (1H, m).
ESI-MS: m/z= 281 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 1.50-1.78 (1H, m), 1.93-2.18 (7H, m), 2.60-2.95 (3H, m), 3.05-3.80 (7H, m), 4.98-5.07 (1H, m), 5.38-5.43 (1H, m), 6.71-6.73 (1H, m), 7.02-7.04 (1H, m).
ESI-MS: m/z= 267 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 1.32-1.53 (2H, m), 1.82-1.92 (2H, m), 2.27-2.41 (7H, m), 2.60-2.72 (1H, m), 2.98-3.23 (3H, m), 3.77 (3H, s), 3.99-4.08 (1H, m), 4.58-4.82 (2H, m), 5.18-5.26 (1H, m), 6.86 (1H, s), 6.93 (1H, s).
ESI-MS: m/z= 281 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, D2O) δ: 1,40-1.70 (2H, m), 1.98-2.10 (2H, m), 2.55-2.68 (1H,m), 2.72-2.77 (7H, m), 2.95-3.13 (3H, m), 3.36-3.45 (1H, m), 3.76 (3H, s), 3.97-4.06 (1H, m), 4.38-4.48 (1H, m), 6.40-6.47 (1H, m), 7.24-7.28 (2H, m).
ESI-MS: m/z= 281 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 1.04-1.21 (1H, m), 1.32 (4H, t, J=7.2 Hz), 1.62-1.80 (2H, m), 2.15 (6H, s), 2.24-2.35 (1H, m), 2.42-2.59 (1H, m), 2.76-2.88 (1H, m), 2.95-3.13 (2H, m), 3.90-4.08 (3H, m), 4.27-4.35 (1H, m), 5.00-5.10 (1H, m), 5.38-5.42 (1H, m), 6.74 (1H, s), 7.10 (s, 1H).
ESI-MS: m/z= 295 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 1.10-1.41 (2H, m), 1.64-1.80 (2H, m), 2.16 (6H, s), 2.25-2.37 (1H, m), 2.47-2.60 (1H, m), 2.80-3.12 (3H, m), 3.90-4.00 (1H, m), 4.29-4.39 (1H, m), 5.00-5.18 (3H, m), 5.60-5.68 (1H, m), 6.85 (1H, s), 7.17 (s, 1H).
ESI-MS: m/z= 349 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 1.08-1.40 (2H, m), 1.64-1.80 (2H, m), 2.17 (6H, s), 2.25-2.35 (1H, m), 2.49-2.62 (1H, m), 2.80-3.12 (3H, m), 3.88-3.97 (1H, m), 4.28-4.37 (1H, m), 5.18-5.26 (1H, m), 5.83 (1H, d, J=6.8 Hz), 6.95 (1H, s), 7.51 (1H, s), 7.93 (1H, t, J=60.0 Hz).
ESI-MS: m/z= 317 (M+H)+.
HPLC保持時間:8.4min、機器:株式会社島津製作所製LC-10ADvpシステム、カラム:CHIRALCEL OZ-H、4.6×250mm(株式会社ダイセル製)、溶媒:0.01%エチレンジアミン含有メタノール(v/v)、流量:0.5mL/min、検出法:UV220nm、カラム温度:40℃.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 1.32-1.53 (2H, m), 1.82-1.92 (2H, m), 2.27-2.41 (7H, m), 2.60-2.72 (1H, m), 2.98-3.23 (3H, m), 3.77 (3H, s), 3.99-4.08 (1H, m), 4.58-4.82 (2H, m), 5.18-5.26 (1H, m), 6.86 (1H, s), 6.93 (1H, s).
ESI-MS: m/z= 281 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 1.08-1.47 (2H, m), 1.68-1.92 (2H, m), 2.04 (3H, dd, J=2.4 Hz), 2.21-2.38 (7H, m), 2.47-2.60 (1H, m), 2.96-3.14 (2H, m), 3.35-3.43 (1H, m), 3.83 (3H, d, J=4.0 Hz), 3.89-4.00 (1H, m), 4.45-4.53 (1H, m), 6.21-6.29 (1H, m), 6.79 (1H, m), 6.98 (1H, m).
ESI-MS: m/z= 323 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 0.77-0.85 (3H, m), 0.98-1.33 (4H, m), 1.41-1.50(2H, m), 1.60-1.79 (2H, m), 2.11-2.15 (6H, m), 2.20-2.33 (3H, m), 2.89-3.02 (2H, m), 3.22-3.34 (2H, m), 3.65 (3H, s), 3.84-3.92 (1H, m), 4.18-4.26 (1H, m), 6.10-6.15 (1H, m), 6.77-6.82 (1H, m), 7.05-7.10 (1H, m).
ESI-MS: m/z= 365 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 0.93 (3H, t, J=7.2 Hz), 1.81 (2H, td, J=7.2, 14.4 Hz), 3.90 (2H, t, J=7.2 Hz), 6.91 (1H, s), 7.06 (1H, s), 7.46 (1H, s).
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 0.91-0.95 (3H, m), 1.79-1.84 (2H, m), 4.34-4.38 (2H, m), 7.15 (1H, s), 7.28 (1H, s), 9.82 (1H, s).
ESI-MS: m/z= 139 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 0.95 (3H, t, J=7.2 Hz), 1.33 (2H, td, J=7.2, 14.8 Hz), 1.75-1.78 (2H, m), 4.34 (2H, t, J=7.2 Hz), 7.15 (1H, s), 7.28 (1H, s), 9.81 (1H, s).
ESI-MS: m/z= 153 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 1.48 (3H, d, J=6.4 Hz), 1.48 (3H, d, J=6.4 Hz), 5.48 (1H, quint, J=6.4 Hz), 7.30 (1H, s), 7.33 (1H, s), 9.83 (1H, s).
ESI-MS: m/z= 139 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR(400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 3.76 (3H, s), 3.81 (3H, s), 6.82 (1H, d, J=15.6 Hz), 6.98 (1H, brs), 7.16 (1H, brs), 7.53 (1H, d, J=15.6Hz).
ESI-MS: m/z= 167 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 1.45 (3H, t, J=7.6 Hz), 3.81(3H ,s), 4.10 (2H, dd, J=7.6, 14.8 Hz), 6.85 (1H, d, J=15.2 Hz), 7.03 (1H, brs), 7.17 (1H, brs), 7.52 (1H, d, J=15.2 Hz).
ESI-MS: m/z= 181 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 0.94 (3H, t, J=7.2 Hz), 1.75-1.85 (2H, m), 3.81(3H ,s), 4.00 (2H, t, J=7.2 Hz), 6.85 (1H, d, J=15.6 Hz), 7.00 (1H, brs), 7.16 (1H, brs), 7.50 (1H, d, J=15.6 Hz).
ESI-MS: m/z= 195 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 0.95 (3H, t, J=7.2 Hz), 1.28-1.40 (2H, m), 1.70-1.80 (2H, m), 3.81 (3H, s), 4.03 (2H, t, J=7.2 Hz), 6.84 (1H, d, J=15.2 Hz), 7.00 (1H, brs), 7.16 (1H, brs), 7.50 (1H, d, J=15.2 Hz).
ESI-MS: m/z= 209 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 1.50 (3H, d, J=6.4 Hz), 1.50 (3H, d, J=6.4 Hz), 3.81 (3H, s), 4.62 (1H, quint, J=6.4 Hz), 6.87 (1H, d, J=15.6 Hz), 7.10 (1H, brs), 7.18 (1H, brs), 7.56 (1H, d, J=15.6 Hz).
ESI-MS: m/z= 195 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 1.29-1.43 (2H, m), 1.80-1.88 (2H, m), 2.27 (6H, s), 2.29-2.38 (1H, m), 2.54-2.63 (1H, m), 2.88-3.04 (5H, m), 3.62 (3H, s), 3.98-4.05 (1H, m), 4.57-4.65 (1H, m), 6.79 (1H, d, J=1.2 Hz), 6.91 (1H, d, J=1.2 Hz).
ESI-MS: m/z= 265 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 1.32-1.40 (5H, m), 1.83-1.87 (2H, m), 2.27 (6H, s), 2.31-2.37 (1H, m), 2.56-2.63 (1H, m), 2.93-2.98 (5H, m), 3.93-4.04 (3H, m), 4.01-4.04 (1H, m), 6.84 (1H, d, J=1.6 Hz),6.94 (1H, d, J=1.6 Hz).
ESI-MS: m/z= 279 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 0.93 (3H, t, J=7.2Hz), 1.30-1.43 (2H, m), 1.71-1.88 (4H, m), 2.27 (6H, s), 2.28-2.39 (1H, m), 2.55-2.64 (1H, m), 2.90-3.05 (5H, m), 3.86 (2H, t, J=7.2 Hz), 4.00-4.09 (1H, m), 4.58-4.66 (1H, m), 6.82 (1H, d, J=1.6 Hz),6.93 (1H, d, J=1.6 Hz).
ESI-MS: m/z= 293 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 0.93 (3H, t, J=7.2 Hz),1.29-1.43 (4H,m), 1.65-1.74 (2H, m), 1.78-1.88 (2H, m), 2.25-2.37 (7H, m), 2.54-2.64 (1H, m), 2.88-3.04 (5H, m), 3.88 (2H, t, J=7.2 Hz), 3.98-4.06 (1H, m), 4.56-4.66 (1H, m), 6.81 (1H, brs), 6.92 (1H, brs).
ESI-MS: m/z= 307 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 1.32-1.42 (8H, m), 1.83-1.86 (2H, m), 2.27-2.34 (7H, m), 2.57-2.64 (1H, m), 2.96-3.02 (5H, m), 4.03-4.06 (1H, m), 4.42-4.49 (1H, m), 4.61-4.64 (1H, m), 6.91 (1H, brs), 6.95 (1H, brs).
ESI-MS: m/z= 293 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, D2O) δ: 1.53-1.80 (2H, m), 2.12-2.23 (2H, m), 2.68-2.80 (1H, m), 2.88 (6H, s), 3.01-3.08 (2H, m), 3.15-3.26 (3H, m), 3.47-3.58 (1H, m), 3.84 (3H, s), 4.08-4.16 (1H, m), 4.50-4.59 (1H, m), 7.29-7.33 (2H, m).
ESI-MS; 1-(4-(ジメチルアミノ)ピペリジン-1-イル)-3-(1-メチル-1H-イミダゾール-2-イル)プロパン-1-オンとして: m/z= 265 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 1.36 (1H, m), 1.58 (1H, m), 1.95 (2H, br), 2.44-2.57 (1H, m), 2.65 (6H, s), 2.74-2.88 (4H, m), 3.00 (1H, t, J=12.0 Hz), 3.22 (1H, m), 3.61 (3H, s), 4.02 (1H, d, J=14.0 Hz), 4.47 (1H, d, J=12.8 Hz), 6.87 (1H, d, J=1.2 Hz), 7.11 (1H, d, J=1.2 Hz).
ESI-MS; 1-(4-(ジメチルアミノ)ピペリジン-1-イル)-3-(1-メチル-1H-イミダゾール-2-イル)プロパン-1-オンとして: m/z= 265 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, D2O) δ: 1.32 (3H, t, J=7.2 Hz), 1.45 (1H, ddd, J=4.4, 12.4, 24.4), 1.58 (1H, ddd, J=4.4, 12.4, 24.4), 1.99-2.07 (2H, m), 2.56-2.63 (1H, m), 2.73 (6H, s), 2.90-2.93 (2H, m), 3.03-3.13 (3H, m), 3.35-3.41 (1H, m), 3.96-3.99 (1H, m), 4.06 (2H, d, J=7.2 Hz),4.38-4.42 (1H, m), 7.18 (1H, d, J=2.4 Hz),7.26 (1H, d, J=2.4 Hz).
ESI-MS: 1-(4-(ジメチルアミノ)ピペリジン-1-イル)-3-(1-エチル-1H-イミダゾール-2-イル)プロパン-1-オンとして: m/z= 279 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, D2O) δ: 0.93 (3H, t, J=7.2 Hz), 1.50-1.80 (2H, m), 1.81-1.92 (2H, m), 2.10-2.23 (2H, m), 2.68-2.78 (1H, m), 2.86 (6H, s), 3.02-3.08 (2H, m), 3.15-3.28 (3H, m), 3.45-3.57 (1H, m), 4.08-4.16 (3H, m), 4.50-4.58 (1H, m), 7.32 (1H, brs), 7.38 (1H, brs).
ESI-MS; 1-(4-(ジメチルアミノ)ピペリジン-1-イル)-3-(1-プロピル-1H-イミダゾール-2-イル)プロパン-1-オンとして: m/z= 293 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, D2O) δ: 0.93 (3H, t, J=6.8 Hz), 1.30-1.40 (2H, m), 1.52-1.86 (4H, m), 2.10-2.22 (2H, m), 2.68-2.78 (1H, m), 2.86 (6H, s), 3.02-3.08 (2H, m), 3.15-3.27 (3H, m), 3.47-3.57 (1H, m), 4.06-4.18 (3H, m), 4.49-4.57 (1H, m), 7.32 (1H, d, J=2.0 Hz), 7.38 (1H, d, J=2.0 Hz).
ESI-MS: 1-(4-(ジメチルアミノ)ピペリジン-1-イル)-3-(1-ブチル-1H-イミダゾール-2-イル)プロパン-1-オンとして: m/z= 307 (M+H)+.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, D2O) δ: 1.36-1.63 (8H, m), 2.00-2.08 (2H, m), 2.58-2.74 (1H, m), 2.74 (6H, s), 2.91-2.94 (2H, m), 3.04-3.16 (3H, m), 3.36-3.44 (1H, m), 3.97-4.01 (1H, m), 4.39-4.42 (1H, m), 4.57-4.65 (1H, m), 7.21 (1H, d, J=2.0 Hz),7.37 (1H, d, J=2.0 Hz).
ESI-MS: 1-(4-(ジメチルアミノ)ピペリジン-1-イル)-3-(1-イソプロピル-1H-イミダゾール-2-イル)プロパン-1-オンとして: m/z= 293 (M+H)+.
神経障害性疼痛を評価できるマウス坐骨神経部分結紮モデル(Seltzerモデル)を用い、環状アミン誘導体(I)又はその薬理学的に許容される塩の鎮痛作用を検討した。
マウス坐骨神経部分結紮モデルは、Seltzerらの方法(Malmbergら、Pain、1998年、第76巻、p.215-222)に従って作製した。
結果を図1~12に示す。図において、縦軸はvon Frey試験の総スコア(平均値±標準誤差;図1~12は、n=5~6である。)を示し、数値が高いほど痛みが強いことを示す。横軸には被験化合物投与後の時間(hr)を示す。薬効評価は、測定時間毎の「坐骨神経部分結紮+蒸留水」群(図中の「坐骨神経部分結紮+蒸留水」)を対照として、対応のない2群のWelch検定又はShirley-Williams検定により統計処理を行った。図中の§印又は♯印は、「坐骨神経部分結紮+蒸留水」群との比較で統計学的に有意である(§:Welch検定(p<0.05)、又は、♯:Shirley-Williams検定(p<0.025))ことを示す。
神経障害性疼痛を評価できるマウス坐骨神経部分結紮モデル(Seltzerモデル)を用い、比較例1、3、4、5及び6の化合物の鎮痛作用を検討した。
マウス坐骨神経部分結紮モデルは、Seltzerらの方法(Malmbergら、Pain、1998年、第76巻、p.215-222)に従って作製した。
比較例1の化合物の結果を図14左側、比較例3、4、5又は6の化合物の結果を図15左側に示す。また、比較として、図10(実施例14)に記載の実施例11の化合物の効果を図14及び15の右側に示す。
線維筋痛症を評価できるラット線維筋痛症モデルを用い、環状アミン誘導体(I)又はその薬理学的に許容される塩の鎮痛作用を検討した。
線維筋痛症の基礎研究において一般に広く用いられる線維筋痛症モデルラット(Slukaら、Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics、2002年、第302巻、p.1146-1150;Nagakuraら、Pain、2009年、第146巻、p.26-33;Slukaら、Pain、2009年、第146巻、p.3-4)を作製するために、pH4.0に調整した酸性生理食塩液100μLをイソフルラン持続吸入麻酔下のCrl:CD(SD)ラット(6~7週齢、オス;日本チャールス・リバー)の右側後肢腓腹筋に2回(酸性生理食塩液の初回投与日を1日目として、1日目と6日目にそれぞれ1回ずつ)筋肉内注射し、室内温度21~25℃、室内湿度40~70%に調節された飼育室で、自由摂餌・摂水させながら飼育した。また、酸性生理食塩液の代わりに生理食塩液を同様に筋肉内注射して飼育した線維筋痛症が発症していないラット(図13の「生理食塩液+蒸留水」群)を実験に使用した。
結果を図13に示す。図において、縦軸は50%反応閾値(右側後肢と左側後肢の平均値)(g)(平均値±標準誤差、n=5~6)を示し、数値が高いほど線維筋痛症モデルラットにおいて認められたアロディニアが改善されていることを示す。
線維筋痛症を評価できるラット線維筋痛症モデルを用い、比較例1の化合物の鎮痛作用を検討した。
線維筋痛症の基礎研究において一般に広く用いられる線維筋痛症モデルラット(Slukaら、Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics、2002年、第302巻、p.1146-50;Nagakuraら、Pain、2009年、第146巻、p.26-33;Slukaら、Pain、2009年、第146巻、p.3-4)を作製するために、pH4.0に調整した酸性生理食塩液100μLをイソフルラン持続吸入麻酔下のSlc:SDラット(6~7週齢、オス;日本エスエルシー)の右側後肢腓腹筋に2回(酸性生理食塩液の初回投与日を1日目として、1日目と6日目にそれぞれ1回ずつ)筋肉内注射し、室内温度21~25℃、室内湿度40~70%に調節された飼育室で、自由摂餌・摂水させながら飼育した。また、酸性生理食塩液の代わりに生理食塩液を同様に筋肉内注射して飼育した線維筋痛症が発症していないラット(図16左側の「生理食塩液+蒸留水」群)を実験に使用した。
比較例1の化合物の結果を図16左側に示す。また、比較として、図13(実施例15)に記載の実施例11の化合物の効果を図16右側に示す。
化合物の肝代謝に対する安定性を評価するためのin vitro評価として知られている肝ミクロソーム中安定性試験を用い、環状アミン誘導体(I)又はその薬理学的に許容される塩のヒト、サル、イヌ及びマウスの肝代謝に対する安定性を評価した。
被験化合物として実施例11、比較例1又は比較例6の化合物を、肝ミクロソームとしてヒト肝ミクロソーム(Xenotech社)、サル肝ミクロソーム(Xenotech社)、イヌ肝ミクロソーム(Xenotech社)又はマウス肝ミクロソーム(Xenotech社)を用いて実験を行った。
[HPLCsystem] LC-20A/30A(島津製作所)
[カラム] Ascentis Express F5、2.7μm
5cm×2.1mm(SUPELCO社)
[移動相] A液:0.1vol%ギ酸水
B液:0.1vol%ギ酸アセトニトリル
[流速] 0.7mL/min
[グラジエントプログラム] B液:70→30vol%
[HPLCsystem] Agiletnt 1200(Agiletnt社)
[カラム] CHIRALCEL OZ-3R、 3μm
4.6mm×150 mm ID(DAICEL社)
[移動相] メタノール:2-プロパノール:エチレンジアミン
=500:500:0.1
[流速] 0.5mL/min
[HPLCsystem] Waters HPLC(Waters社)
[カラム] BEH C18、1.7μm
2.1mm ID×50mm(Waters社)
[移動相] A液:10mM 重炭酸アンモニウム水(pH10)
B液:アセトニトリル
[流速] 0.3mL/min
[グラジエントプログラム] B液: 1→50vol%
[HPLCsystem] Waters HPLC(Waters社)
[カラム] PC HILIC、3μm
2.0mm ID×50mm(資生堂)
[移動相] A液:0.1vol%ギ酸水
B液:アセトニトリル
[流速] 0.55mL/min
[グラジエントプログラム] B液: 5→60vol%
[HPLCsystem] Waters HPLC(Waters社)
[カラム] XBridge C18、2.5μm
2.1mm ID×50mm(Waters社)
[移動相] A液:10mM 重炭酸アンモニウム水(pH10)
B液:アセトニトリル
[流速] 0.3mL/min
[グラジエントプログラム] B液: 1→20vol%
[HPLCsystem] Agiletnt 1200(Agiletnt社)
[カラム] Unison UK-Silica
50mm×3mm(Unison社)
[移動相] A液:0.05mM 酢酸アンモニウム(pH4)
B液:アセトニトリル
[流速] 0.5mL/min
[グラジエントプログラム] B液:50vol%
[HPLCsystem] Agiletnt 1200(Agiletnt社)
[カラム] CAPCELL PAK C18 MGIII、5μm
2.0mm ID×50mm(資生堂)
[移動相] A液:10mM ギ酸アンモニウム(pH3)
B液:アセトニトリル
[流速] 0.4mL/min
[グラジエントプログラム] B液:1→90vol%
被験化合物残存率 = A × exp(-kt) ・・・ 式1
CLint = k / ミクロソーム蛋白濃度 ・・・ 式2
肝ミクロソーム中安定性試験の結果得られた肝固有クリアランスの値を、表3に示す。なお、肝固有クリアランスの値が大きいほど、肝ミクロソーム中での被験化合物の代謝が速いことを示す。表中の「N.E.」は、試験を実施していないことを示す。
被験化合物として、実施例11又は比較例2の化合物を、サルに静脈内又は経口投与した後の血漿中濃度を検討した。
固形飼料(オリエンタル酵母工業(株))及び水道水を自由に摂取させた4~6年齢のカニクイザル(雄)を、投与前日の夕刻(16時以降)より絶食させた後に使用した。なお、投与後4時間の採血終了後に給餌を再開した。
[カラム] Ascentis Express F5、2.7μm
5cm×2.1 mm(SUPELCO社)
[移動相] A液:0.1vol%ギ酸水
B液:0.1vol%ギ酸アセトニトリル
[流速] 0.7mL/min
[グラジエントプログラム] B液:70→30vol%
生体利用率(BA) = (AUC0-∞,po/投与量)/(AUC0-∞,iv/投与量) ・・・ 式3
実施例11の化合物の血漿中濃度推移を図17に、比較例2の化合物の血漿中濃度推移を図18に示す。各プロットは各時点の血漿中濃度の平均値±標準偏差を表す。また、PKパラメータを表4に示す。Cmax(ng/mL)は経口投与時の最高血漿中濃度、AUC0-∞,po(ng・h/mL)は経口投与時の血漿中濃度-時間曲線下面積、t1/2(h)は経口投与時の血漿中半減期、CLtot(mL/h/kg)は静脈内投与時の全身クリアランス、BA(%)は生体利用率を示す。
化合物の細胞質空胞化誘発性を評価するためのin vitro評価系である大動脈平滑筋株化細胞を用い、環状アミン誘導体(I)又はその薬理学的に許容される塩の細胞質空胞化誘発性を評価した。
被験化合物として、実施例3、9、11、12又は比較例2~6の化合物を用いた。イヌの大動脈平滑筋細胞(Canine Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells、供給源:東洋紡)又はヒトの大動脈平滑筋細胞(T/G HA-VSMG、供給源:ATCC)に、被験化合物を1.0又は1.2mmol/Lの濃度で24時間又は2週間処置し、細胞をHE染色、LAMP-2免疫染色又はトルイジンブルー染色で染色後、光学顕微鏡にて細胞質空胞化の有無を判定した。
細胞質空胞化誘発性の評価の結果を、表5及び6に示す。表5は、イヌの大動脈平滑筋細胞を用いた評価の結果(被験化合物濃度:1.0mmol/L、被験化合物処置時間:24時間)を示し、表6は、ヒトの大動脈平滑筋細胞を用いた評価の結果(被験化合物濃度:1.0又は1.2mmol/L、被験化合物処置時間:24時間又は2週間)を示す。表中の「あり」は細胞質空胞化が確認されたことを、「なし」は細胞質空胞化が確認されなかったことを、それぞれ示す。
ラットの2週間経口投与試験を用い、環状アミン誘導体(I)又はその薬理学的に許容される塩の安全性を評価した。
被験化合物として、実施例11又は比較例2の化合物を用いた。Crl:CD(SD)ラット(7週齢、雌及び雄;日本チャールス・リバー社)に実施例11又は比較例2の化合物を2週間反復経口投与し、一般状態観察、体重測定、摂餌量測定、眼科学的検査(実施例11の化合物のみ)、血液学的検査、血液化学的検査、尿検査、骨髄検査、病理解剖学的検査、器官重量測定、病理組織学的検査及び免疫毒性検査を実施した。また、投与1日目及び14日目にトキシコキネティクス(TK)測定を実施し、各々の被験化合物が暴露されていることを確認した。被験化合物の投与用量は0、250、500、1000mg/kg/day、投与容量は10mL/kgとした。投与溶媒として実施例11の化合物はリン酸緩衝生理食塩液、比較例2の化合物は蒸留水を用いた。
比較例2の化合物を250mg/kg/dayで2週間経口投与したラットでは、いずれの検査項目においても異常が認められなかった。しかし、比較例2の化合物が500mg/kg/day以上では、顎下腺血管中膜等における空胞化がみられ、比較例2の化合物の無毒性量は250mg/kg/dayと推定された。一方、実施例11の化合物を投与したラットでは、1000mg/kg/dayまで投与しても、いずれの検査項目においても異常はみられず、実施例11の化合物の無毒性量は1000mg/kg/day以上と推定された。
Claims (10)
- Aは、一般式(IIa)で示される基である、請求項1記載の環状アミン誘導体又はその薬理学的に許容される塩。
- Aは、一般式(IIb)又は(IIc)で示される基である、請求項1記載の環状アミン誘導体又はその薬理学的に許容される塩。
- Aは、一般式(IIa)で示される基であり、*を付した不斉炭素の立体化学は、S配置である、請求項1記載の環状アミン誘導体又はその薬理学的に許容される塩。
- R1は、フッ素原子で置換されていてもよい、メチル基又はエチル基である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項記載の環状アミン誘導体又はその薬理学的に許容される塩。
- R1は、メチル基、エチル基、ジフルオロメチル基又は2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル基である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項記載の環状アミン誘導体又はその薬理学的に許容される塩。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか一項記載の環状アミン誘導体又はその薬理学的に許容される塩を有効成分として含有する、医薬。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか一項記載の環状アミン誘導体又はその薬理学的に許容される塩を有効成分として含有する、鎮痛薬。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか一項記載の環状アミン誘導体又はその薬理学的に許容される塩を有効成分として含有する、神経障害性疼痛治療薬。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか一項記載の環状アミン誘導体又はその薬理学的に許容される塩を有効成分として含有する、線維筋痛症治療薬。
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JPWO2016152955A1 (ja) * | 2015-03-24 | 2018-01-11 | 東レ株式会社 | 環状アミン誘導体及びその医薬用途 |
JPWO2016152952A1 (ja) * | 2015-03-24 | 2018-01-11 | 東レ株式会社 | 環状アミン誘導体及びその医薬用途 |
WO2018038255A1 (ja) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-03-01 | 東レ株式会社 | 環状アミン誘導体の結晶及びその医薬用途 |
WO2018181860A1 (ja) | 2017-03-31 | 2018-10-04 | 東レ株式会社 | 末梢神経障害の治療剤又は予防剤 |
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WO2021172488A1 (ja) * | 2020-02-28 | 2021-09-02 | 東レ株式会社 | 環状アミン誘導体及びその医薬用途 |
RU2783208C2 (ru) * | 2018-03-30 | 2022-11-10 | Торэй Индастриз, Инк. | Агент для ингибирования повышения внутринейронной концентрации кальция |
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CA2977614A1 (en) | 2016-09-01 |
IL253410A0 (en) | 2017-09-28 |
DK3263565T3 (da) | 2019-10-07 |
PH12017501297B1 (en) | 2018-01-29 |
IL253410A (en) | 2017-12-31 |
PL3263565T3 (pl) | 2019-11-29 |
PT3263565T (pt) | 2019-09-27 |
US20180065950A1 (en) | 2018-03-08 |
TW201639826A (zh) | 2016-11-16 |
CN107250128A (zh) | 2017-10-13 |
RU2667062C1 (ru) | 2018-09-14 |
JP6569671B2 (ja) | 2019-09-04 |
US10173999B2 (en) | 2019-01-08 |
HUE044722T2 (hu) | 2019-11-28 |
EP3263565A1 (en) | 2018-01-03 |
KR102488848B1 (ko) | 2023-01-17 |
MX2017010624A (es) | 2017-12-07 |
AU2016224420A1 (en) | 2017-08-03 |
CA2977614C (en) | 2023-01-17 |
SG11201705701UA (en) | 2017-08-30 |
KR20170122712A (ko) | 2017-11-06 |
JPWO2016136944A1 (ja) | 2017-12-07 |
EP3263565B1 (en) | 2019-06-26 |
TWI682927B (zh) | 2020-01-21 |
ZA201705293B (en) | 2019-02-27 |
AU2016224420B2 (en) | 2019-08-22 |
PH12017501297A1 (en) | 2018-01-29 |
CN107250128B (zh) | 2019-07-26 |
BR112017017859A2 (ja) | 2018-04-10 |
EP3263565A4 (en) | 2018-10-17 |
ES2744785T3 (es) | 2020-02-26 |
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