WO2016125598A1 - 還元鉄の製造方法及び装置 - Google Patents
還元鉄の製造方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016125598A1 WO2016125598A1 PCT/JP2016/051756 JP2016051756W WO2016125598A1 WO 2016125598 A1 WO2016125598 A1 WO 2016125598A1 JP 2016051756 W JP2016051756 W JP 2016051756W WO 2016125598 A1 WO2016125598 A1 WO 2016125598A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- reduced iron
- raw material
- ceiling
- inclined surface
- hearth
- Prior art date
Links
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 309
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 240
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000009408 flooring Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- -1 magnesium oxide compound Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003779 heat-resistant material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/08—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in rotary furnaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
- F27B9/16—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a circular or arcuate path
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/10—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in hearth-type furnaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/06—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity heated without contact between combustion gases and charge; electrically heated
- F27B9/10—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity heated without contact between combustion gases and charge; electrically heated heated by hot air or gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
- F27B9/147—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving on an inclined floor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
- F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B9/38—Arrangements of devices for charging
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/0033—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge charging of particulate material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/10—Charging directly from hoppers or shoots
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing reduced iron by charging a plurality of reduced iron raw materials containing a carbonaceous reducing agent and iron oxide into a mobile hearth reduction melting furnace and treating them.
- the mobile hearth reduction melting furnace has a hearth movable in a specific direction and a ceiling located above the hearth, and these are made of a refractory material such as brick.
- a floor covering material for protecting the refractory is provided on the hearth. That is, on the hearth, a series of treatments of the iron oxide, that is, reduction, carburization, melting, agglomeration, and slag separation are continuously performed. In order to prevent direct contact with the refractory material, the floor covering material is laid on the hearth with an appropriate layer thickness.
- FIG. 8 of Patent Document 1 specifically shows the pellets from the ceiling to the hearth through a plurality of supply units provided on the ceiling. Discloses that free fall is sequentially performed on the floor covering material.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a charging device including a charging port that can be tilted so as to descend from the ceiling of the reduction melting furnace.
- the charging inlet has an upper inlet, a passage for lowering pellets, and a lower outlet, and the lower outlet can descend while being inclined to a position close to the hearth.
- the present invention is a method and apparatus for producing reduced iron, wherein the floor to each reduced iron raw material supplied on the flooring material without reducing the reliability of the equipment or significantly increasing the cost.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a material capable of improving heat treatment efficiency by improving heat input on the flooring material.
- a method for producing reduced iron comprising a plurality of spherical reduced iron raw materials containing a carbonaceous reducing agent and iron oxide, a hearth moving in a specific direction, a ceiling located above the hearth, and the A step of sequentially placing in a reduction melting furnace having a flooring material made of powder laid on the hearth and setting on the flooring material, and on the flooring material as the hearth moves A step of sequentially reducing each of the reduced iron raw materials to generate reduced iron and discharging it to the outside of the reduction melting furnace.
- the step of setting the agglomerated material on the floor covering material is a horizontal speed that is the same as the moving direction of the hearth in the reduced iron raw material and that is larger than the moving speed of the hearth.
- the agglomerated material is transferred onto the flooring material in the horizontal direction by releasing the reduced iron raw material from the lower surface of the ceiling to the lower side and dropping it on the flooring material while giving speed. Including moving.
- the apparatus for producing reduced iron includes a hearth movable in a specific direction, a ceiling located above the hearth, and a floor covering material made of powder laid on the hearth.
- a reduction melting furnace that generates reduced iron by sequentially heat-treating the reduced iron raw material set on the flooring material as the hearth moves, and the plurality of reduced iron raw materials in the reduction melting furnace sequentially.
- a raw material charging unit that is charged and set on the flooring material, and a discharge unit that discharges the reduced iron generated in the reduction melting furnace.
- the raw material charging unit applies the reduced iron raw material to the reduced iron raw material while giving the reduced iron raw material a horizontal speed in the same direction as the moving direction of the hearth and a horizontal speed larger than the moving speed of the hearth.
- the agglomerated material is rolled on the flooring material in the horizontal direction by discharging from the lower surface of the ceiling downward and dropping onto the flooring material.
- FIG. 1 It is a top view of the reduced iron manufacturing apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the cross section along the radial direction of the moving bed type
- FIG. 1 to 3 show a reduced iron manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- This reduced iron production apparatus is for producing reduced iron by sequentially heat-treating a large number of reduced iron raw materials 2 each containing a carbonaceous reducing agent and iron oxide.
- Each reduced iron raw material 2 is formed in a spherical shape, but may not be a perfect sphere. This point will be mentioned later. Moreover, it is preferable that each reduced iron raw material 2 is dried in advance.
- the reduced iron production apparatus includes a moving bed type reduction melting furnace 10, a plurality of raw material charging units 12, and a discharge unit 14.
- the reduction melting furnace 10 generates reduced iron (metallic iron) by processing the reduced iron raw material 2 charged therein. Specifically, the iron oxide is heated, reduced, melted, agglomerated, slag separated, cooled, and the like in the reducing melting furnace 10.
- Each raw material charging unit 12 sequentially charges each reduced iron raw material 2 into the reducing melting furnace 10 from a plurality of different positions.
- the discharge unit 14 discharges reduced iron and slag generated in the reduction melting furnace 10 to the outside of the reduction melting furnace 10.
- the reductive melting furnace 10 includes a hearth 16, a floor covering material 18, a furnace body 20, and a hearth drive device (not shown).
- the hearth 16 and the furnace body 20 are made of a refractory material mainly composed of alumina, for example.
- the hearth 16 has an annular shape surrounding a circular space on the inner side, and has a certain width along the radial direction.
- the hearth drive device drives the hearth 16 so that the hearth 16 rotates at a predetermined speed in a predetermined direction (counterclockwise direction in FIG. 2) around a vertical axis that is a central axis thereof. Therefore, the hearth 16 according to this embodiment can move at a predetermined speed along its circumferential direction.
- the floor covering 18 is laid on the hearth 16 in order to protect the hearth 16, specifically, to prevent direct contact between the hearth 16 and the reduced iron raw material 2.
- the floor covering 18 is composed of a large number of powders.
- the floor covering material 18 only needs to prevent slag infiltration into the refractory constituting the hearth 16 and can be renewed.
- at least one compound selected from the group consisting of carbon materials is set on the floor covering 18 as will be described in detail later.
- the furnace body 20 has an inner wall 22, an outer wall 23, and a ceiling 24 integrally.
- the inner wall 22 and the outer wall 23 rise from the inner edge and the outer edge of the hearth 16, respectively.
- the hearth 16 is connected to the side walls 22 and 23 so as to be relatively displaced in the rotation direction of the hearth 16 (the hearth moving direction).
- the ceiling 24 is positioned above the hearth 16 so as to straddle the upper ends of the side walls 22 and 23, and has a certain thickness.
- the vertical dimension from the upper surface of the hearth 16 (precisely, the upper surface of the flooring material 18) to the lower surface 24a of the ceiling 24, that is, the ceiling height, is the height of the flooring material 18 due to the increase in the flow rate of the gas in the furnace. It is set from the viewpoint of preventing occlusion due to scattering or deposits.
- the ceiling height is preferably at least 100 mm or more, and generally 200 mm or more.
- This reduced iron manufacturing apparatus further includes a floor covering material supply device 26 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3.
- the floor covering material replenishing device 26 appropriately replenishes the furnace floor 16 with a new floor covering material 18 corresponding to the amount of the floor covering material 18 discharged together with the metal iron and the slag in the discharge section 14.
- the reductive melting furnace 10 further includes a plurality of burners 28. These burners 28 are respectively provided at a plurality of positions arranged along the moving direction of the hearth 16, and fuel is burned at each position. The heat by this combustion is transmitted to each reduced iron raw material 2 sequentially charged in the furnace by radiation or the like, and contributes to the reduction and melting of the reduced iron raw material 2.
- the reductive melting furnace 10 includes a plurality of partition walls 31, 32, 33, and these partition walls 31 to 33 pass through the internal space of the reductive melting furnace 10 in the moving direction of the hearth 16.
- the plurality of zones include a temperature raising zone Z1, a reduction zone Z2, a melting zone Z3, and a cooling zone Z4.
- the temperature raising zone Z1 the temperature of the charged reduced iron raw material 2 is raised, and the reduced iron raw material 2 is reduced in the reducing zone Z2.
- the reduced iron raw material 2 is further heated and melted, whereby the reduced iron is separated from the slag and aggregated into granular molten metal iron.
- the molten metal iron is cooled and solidified by the cooling device 34 provided in the cooling zone Z4. All the processing of the reduced iron raw material 2 in each of the zones Z1 to Z4 is performed on the floor covering material 18.
- the discharge unit 14 is provided on the downstream side of the cooling zone Z4.
- the discharge unit 14 includes, for example, a screw conveyor, and discharges metallic iron, slag, and the like solidified in the cooling zone Z4 to the outside of the reduction melting furnace 10.
- the discharged metallic iron, slag, and the like are put into a discharge hopper 36 and separated from each other by a separation device (not shown). Through the above series of steps, granular metallic iron having a very small slag component content is produced.
- the raw material charging unit 12 As shown in FIG. 4, the raw material charging unit 12 according to this embodiment is arranged at a plurality of positions arranged in a staggered manner on the ceiling 24 of the reduction melting furnace 10, and the reduced iron raw material 2 is placed at the positions. Perform charging.
- the specific number and arrangement of the raw material charging portions in the reduced iron production apparatus according to the present invention are not limited. For example, all the reduced iron raw materials may be inserted into the reducing melting furnace by a single raw material charging unit.
- Each raw material charging unit 12 includes an inclined surface 40 formed inside the ceiling 24, an extension member 42 for extending the inclined surface further upward from the inclined surface 40, and a raw material supply unit 44. Including.
- the inclined surface 40 is a flat surface in this embodiment, and is inclined so as to descend along the moving direction of the hearth 16.
- the lower end of the inclined surface 40 coincides with the lower surface 24a of the ceiling 24, but the lower end may be positioned above the lower surface 24a. That is, the inclined surface 40 may be interrupted at a position above the lower surface 24a.
- Each said reduced iron raw material 2 can descend
- a through hole 46 that penetrates the ceiling 24 at the inclination angle is formed, and a surface located below the through hole 46 constitutes the inclined surface 40.
- the inclined surface 40 may be constituted by the surface of a refractory that constitutes the ceiling 24, or may be constituted by a covering material that covers the surface of the refractory.
- a covering material it is possible to adjust the descending state of each reduced iron raw material 2 by selecting the material. For example, the bounce of the reduced iron raw material 2 on the inclined surface 40 is suppressed by reducing the dynamic friction coefficient of the inclined surface 40 with respect to the reduced iron raw material 2 (for example, 0.4 or less) or reducing the coefficient of restitution. Thus, it is possible to stabilize the dropping position of the reduced iron raw material 2 on the floor covering 18.
- the extension member 42 is made of a tubular tube material, and the lower surface thereof constitutes an extended inclined surface 48.
- the extension member 42 is inserted obliquely into the upper portion of the through hole 46, whereby the extended inclined surface 48 is continuous with the inclined surface 40.
- a step corresponding to the thickness of the extension member 42 is provided between the upper portion of the through hole 46 and the lower portion thereof, whereby the continuity between the inclined surfaces 48 and 40 is increased. Is secured.
- the extension member 42 can be omitted as appropriate.
- the inclined surface 40 and the extended inclined surface 48 are not necessarily flat.
- it may be a curved surface that is curved when viewed from the side of the reduction melting furnace 10.
- the traveling direction of the reduced iron raw material 2 released from the lower surface 24a of the ceiling 24 is more than the normal angle of repose when the tangential direction of the inclined surface is on a curved surface that approaches the horizontal as it goes downward. It is possible to turn to an angle close to the horizontal direction.
- the shape which looked at the said inclined surfaces 40 and 48 from the direction in alignment with the inclination may be a horizontal straight line, and may be a straight line and a curve including an unevenness
- the shape may be one in which a plurality of grooves each having a width through which the reduced iron raw material 2 can pass are arranged sideways.
- the extended inclined surface 48 has a shape that can be mutually continuous corresponding to the shape of the inclined surface 40.
- the inclination angle of the inclined surfaces 48 and 40 can be arbitrarily set. However, when the inclined surfaces 48 and 40 are flat surfaces, the angle of the repose angle or more, that is, the reduced iron raw material on the inclined surfaces 48 and 40. It is preferable that the angle be equal to or greater than an angle at which the retention of 2 can be reliably avoided, and generally an angle equal to or greater than 36 °. Further, the inclination angle is an angle at which the reduced iron raw material 2 can reliably receive a reaction force from the inclined surfaces 48, 40, that is, the contact between the reduced iron raw material 2 and the inclined surfaces 48, 40 is ensured. It is preferable that the angle be maintained, and generally 60 ° or less is preferable.
- the reduced iron raw material 2 can be reliably released from the lower surface 18a of the ceiling 18.
- the raw material supply unit 44 sequentially supplies the reduced iron raw material 2 to the inclined surfaces 48 and 40 and lowers them along the inclined surfaces 48 and 40.
- the raw material supply unit 44 includes a supply hopper 50 that receives the multiple reduced iron raw materials 2, and a feeder that receives the reduced iron raw material 2 supplied from the supply hopper 50 and is connected to the extension member 42.
- a tray 52 and a vibration device 54 that applies vibration to the feeder tray 52 to sequentially drop the reduced iron raw material 2 from the feeder tray 52 onto the extension member 42.
- the structure for connecting the extension member 42 and the feeder tray 52 is not particularly limited. In the example shown in FIG. 6, although both are couple
- the “spherical shape” may be any spherical shape that can roll after the reduced iron raw material 2 has landed on the flooring material 18 in the reduction melting furnace 10 as described later. Does not have to be a perfect sphere.
- the reduced iron raw material 2 preferably has an arbitrary cross section passing through the center thereof having a roundness of 0.7 or more. Since the reduced iron raw material 2 having a cross section with a high roundness as described above can smoothly roll on the inclined surfaces 48 and 40, the dropping position on the floor covering material 18 is also stabilized.
- the diameter of the reduced iron raw material 2 can be appropriately set and is not particularly limited. In general, it is preferably 19 mm or more and 27 mm or less. Since the reduced iron raw material 2 having a particle diameter of 19 mm or more has a relatively large size with respect to the amount of the floor covering 18 that scatters, the degree of embedding of the reduced iron raw material 2 becomes small. In addition, a particle size of 27 mm or less suppresses an increase in the time taken for reduction, melting, agglomeration, and slag separation over the rate of increase in the weight of reduced iron per unit area on the hearth, resulting in production. The decline in sex can be suppressed.
- a large number of the reduced iron raw materials 2 prepared in this way are put into the supply hopper 50 and sequentially supplied to the extension member 42 (the inclined surface 40 of the ceiling 24 when the extension member 42 is omitted) through the feeder tray 52. Supplied.
- the supplied reduced iron raw material 2 descends along the inclined surfaces 48, 40 while rolling on the inclined surfaces 48, 40 inclined toward the moving direction of the hearth 16, and then the lower surface 24 a of the ceiling 24. From the point of time, the restraints of the inclined surfaces 48 and 40 are released, that is, released, and land on the floor covering 18.
- the reduced iron raw material 2 is given a speed in the horizontal direction corresponding to the inclination angle of the inclined surfaces 48 and 40 in addition to the downward speed due to gravity. If this horizontal speed is somewhat higher than the moving speed of the hearth 16, the reduced iron raw material 2, after landing on the floor covering 18, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, It is possible to roll in the movement direction of 16, that is, to escape further from the landing position in the movement direction of the hearth 16. Therefore, this rolling is caused by the subsequent reduced iron raw material 2 being stacked on the reduced iron raw material 2 or the preceding reduced iron raw material 2 caused by the fall of the subsequent reduced iron raw material 2 being the floor covering 18. It is possible to avoid being buried inside.
- the magnitude of the horizontal speed to be given to the reduced iron raw material 2 may be set to such an extent that the rolling after the reduced iron raw material 2 has landed on the floor covering material 18 can be secured.
- the conditions such as the size of the reduced iron raw material 2, the specific gravity, the release rate in the vertical direction from the lower surface 24 a of the ceiling 24, the distance to the floor covering 18, the material of the floor covering 18, etc. It may be set accordingly.
- the stacking or embedding is a heat receiving area that is a contact area between the reduced iron raw materials 2A to 2E and the high temperature gas in the furnace, or an area that receives heat given to the reduced iron raw material by radiation among the surface areas of the reduced iron raw materials 2A to 2E. This is a factor that significantly reduces the area and lowers the processing efficiency.
- FIG. 9 to FIG. 12 show a mechanism that causes the reduced iron raw material 2F preceding the fall of the subsequent reduced iron raw material 2G onto the floor covering material 18 to be embedded in the floor covering material 18.
- FIG. 9 when the subsequent reduced iron raw material 2G falls on the preceding reduced iron raw material 2F, the reduced iron raw material 2G puts the reduced iron raw material 2F into the floor covering 18 as shown in FIG. Pushing will cause embedding. Furthermore, as shown in FIG.
- the rolling of the reduced iron raw material 2 given the horizontal speed as described above in the hearth moving direction avoids any embedding due to the mechanism as shown in FIGS. Make it possible. That is, even if the hearth moving speed is somewhat slow, when the subsequent reduced iron raw material 2G falls on the flooring material 18, the preceding reduced iron raw material 2F is largely evacuated forward by its rolling, The embedding due to the drop of the reduced iron raw material 2G on or near the reduced iron raw material 2F is unlikely to occur.
- the subsequent reduced iron raw material 2G approaches the preceding reduced iron raw material 2F by rolling, but even if there is a collision due to the rolling, the collision is weak and the direction of the collision is horizontal, and the rolling However, there is no significant scattering of the floor covering 18. Therefore, the preceding reduced iron raw material 2F is hardly embedded due to the collision or the scattering of the flooring material 18.
- the charging of the reduced iron raw material 2 that effectively suppresses the stacking and embedding of the reduced iron raw materials 2 enables good heat input to the reduced iron raw material 2.
- the reduced iron raw material 2 can be subjected to good heat treatment (temperature rise, reduction and melting treatment) in each zone Z1 to Z3 in a short time, and then reduced in the cooling zone Z4.
- Iron can be discharged by the discharge section 14 as high-quality metallic iron.
- the reaction time of the reduced iron raw material (the time from when the reduced iron and the slag are completely separated after being put into the furnace and being heated) was measured. Compared to the reduced iron raw material that is not embedded in the steel, it was confirmed that the processing of the reduced iron raw material half of which requires about 1.35 times the reaction time. Therefore, the reaction time can be significantly shortened by preventing the embedding.
- the reduced iron raw material 2 is provided with a horizontal speed that is large enough to allow the reduced iron raw material 2 to enter the floor covering material 18 at an angle of 60 ° or less.
- the incident angle of 60 ° or less enables the horizontal velocity to be 1/2 or more of the incident velocity, and thereby the floor due to the fall of the reduced iron raw material 2 onto the floor covering material 18. It overcomes the sinking into the flooring 18 and more reliably ensures that the reduced iron raw material 2 rolls in the hearth moving direction. From such a viewpoint, it is preferable that the inclination angle of the inclined surface 40 or the inclined surfaces 48, 40 is set.
- the means for imparting such a horizontal speed to the reduced iron material is not limited to rolling the reduced iron material on the inclined surface.
- rolling the reduced iron raw material on the inclined surface provided in the ceiling as described above without adding complicated or large-scale equipment requiring heat resistance in the high-temperature region below the ceiling, It is possible to give a horizontal speed to the reduced iron raw material released from the lower surface of the ceiling. This means that there is no reduction in the reliability of the charging equipment, a significant increase in cost, and there is no significant adverse effect on the gas flow in the furnace below the bottom of the ceiling. It is possible to suppress the embedding of iron raw material in the flooring material.
- the “laying density coefficient” is the actual laying on the maximum laying density, that is, the laying density (weight per unit area) of the reduced iron raw material when the reduced iron raw material is arranged in a close-packed state on the flooring material. Density ratio.
- the “embedding ratio” is the ratio of the weight of the reduced iron raw material (in the example shown in FIG. 8, the reduced iron raw materials 2A and 2E) in which more than half of the supplied reduced iron raw material is embedded in the floor covering material. It is.
- FIG. 13 shows a comparative example in which the reduced iron material is allowed to fall freely regardless of the size of the floor density coefficient and the diameter of the reduced iron material when compared with the same floor density coefficient. It clearly shows that the embedding ratio of the embodiment in which the inclination is given in the discharge direction of the reduced iron raw material is remarkably low. This effect is that the rolling of each reduced iron raw material effectively suppresses the embedding of the preceding reduced iron raw material due to the collision between the reduced iron raw materials as shown in FIGS. It is thought to be due to
- a method for producing reduced iron comprising a plurality of spherical reduced iron raw materials containing a carbonaceous reducing agent and iron oxide, a hearth moving in a specific direction, a ceiling located above the hearth, and the A step of sequentially placing in a reduction melting furnace having a flooring material made of powder laid on the hearth and setting on the flooring material, and on the flooring material as the hearth moves A step of sequentially reducing each of the reduced iron raw materials to generate reduced iron and discharging it to the outside of the reduction melting furnace.
- the step of setting the agglomerated material on the floor covering material is a horizontal speed that is the same as the moving direction of the hearth in the reduced iron raw material and that is larger than the moving speed of the hearth.
- the agglomerated material is transferred onto the flooring material in the horizontal direction by releasing the reduced iron raw material from the lower surface of the ceiling to the lower side and dropping it on the flooring material while giving speed. Including moving.
- Spherical reduced iron raw material as used herein is not intended to limit the reduced iron raw material to a perfect sphere. Strictly not a sphere, but close to a true sphere to the extent that it can roll on a powdered floor covering, for example, a perfect circle of any cross section passing through the center of the reduced iron raw material If the degree is high enough to satisfy the above condition, it is included in the “spherical reduced iron raw material” referred to in the present invention.
- the rolling of the reduced iron material on the flooring material effectively suppresses the stacking of the subsequent reduced iron material on the preceding reduced iron material and the embedding of the reduced iron material in the flooring material.
- good heat input to each reduced iron raw material is enabled.
- the reduced iron raw material sequentially supplied onto the flooring material rolls further in the hearth moving direction from the dropping point, and the subsequent reduced iron raw material is stacked on the reduced iron raw material.
- the rolling not only suppresses the embedding of the reduced iron raw material at the dropping point, but also causes the reduced iron raw material to fall before the reduced iron raw material is accidentally dropped on the preceding reduced iron raw material.
- the preceding reduced iron raw material caused by embedding by pushing onto the floor covering material or covering the preceding reduced iron raw material with a powdery floor covering material scattered with the dropping of the reduced iron raw material It also makes it possible to effectively suppress embedding.
- the reduced iron material is released from the lower surface of the ceiling, unlike the case where the member for supplying the reduced iron material extends further downward from the lower surface of the ceiling, the reliability of the charging equipment is reduced and the cost is reduced. There is no significant rise or gas turbulence in the vicinity of the powdery floor covering.
- the horizontal speed is preferably such that the angle of incidence of the reduced iron raw material on the flooring material is 60 ° or less. According to the incident angle, when the reduced iron material falls on the flooring material, the reduced iron material has a horizontal speed that is 1/2 or more of the incident speed. Rolling of reduced iron raw material becomes more reliable.
- the speed in the horizontal direction is, for example, provided on the inclined surface by providing an inclined surface having a lower end located at the lower surface of the ceiling or above the lower surface of the ceiling and inclined downward in the moving direction of the hearth. Then, after the reduced iron material is rolled and lowered along the inclined surface, the reduced iron material can be given to the reduced iron material by releasing the reduced iron material from the lower end of the inclined surface.
- providing an inclined surface inside the ceiling made of refractory and releasing the reduced iron raw material therefrom is different from the case where the supply part is further extended downward from the ceiling toward the flooring material, Since it is not necessary to install the charging equipment in a high temperature atmosphere, the reliability of the charging equipment is not lowered.
- the rolling of the reduced iron raw material on the inclined surface may include some slipping elements.
- This method does not exclude extending the inclined surface further above the ceiling.
- an extension member having an extended inclined surface continuous with the inclined surface inside the ceiling is provided on the ceiling, and the reduced iron raw material is lowered along the extended inclined surface and the inclined surface inside the ceiling sequentially. By releasing the reduced iron raw material after that, a sufficient run-up distance can be ensured even when the ceiling thickness is limited.
- the extension member since the extension member is provided on the ceiling, it does not require high heat resistance and does not affect the gas flow in the furnace. Furthermore, work for replacement and maintenance of the extension member can be easily performed above the ceiling.
- the present invention also provides an apparatus for producing reduced iron by heat-treating a plurality of spherical reduced iron raw materials containing a carbonaceous reducing agent and iron oxide.
- This apparatus has a hearth movable in a specific direction, a ceiling located above the hearth, and a flooring material made of powder laid on the hearth, and set on the flooring material.
- a reduced melting furnace that produces reduced iron by sequentially heat-treating the reduced iron raw material as the hearth moves, and the plurality of reduced iron raw materials are sequentially charged in the reducing melting furnace and the floor
- a raw material charging unit that is set on the flooring, and a discharge unit that discharges the reduced iron generated in the reduction melting furnace.
- the raw material charging unit applies the reduced iron raw material to the reduced iron raw material while giving the reduced iron raw material a horizontal speed in the same direction as the moving direction of the hearth and a horizontal speed larger than the moving speed of the hearth.
- the agglomerated material is rolled on the flooring material in the horizontal direction by discharging from the lower surface of the ceiling downward and dropping onto the flooring material.
- the raw material charging portion is an inclined surface that is provided inside the ceiling and is inclined downward in the moving direction of the hearth, and has a lower surface positioned on the lower surface of the ceiling or above the lower surface.
- a raw material supply unit that sequentially supplies the plurality of reduced iron raw materials to the inclined surface and lowers the reduced iron raw material along the inclined surface, and releases the lower surface of the inclined surface below the ceiling, Those containing are preferred.
- the raw material charging portion may further include an inclined surface extended outside or above the ceiling, that is, above or below, in addition to the inclined surface provided inside the ceiling. Specifically, it further includes an extension member provided on the ceiling and having an extended inclined surface continuous with the inclined surface inside the ceiling, and the raw material supply unit supplies the reduced iron raw material to the extended inclined surface. Then, the reduced iron raw material may be released after being sequentially lowered along the extended inclined surface and the inclined surface inside the ceiling.
- the angle of the inclined surface can be set as appropriate. In general, the angle is preferably 36 ° or more and 60 ° or less. An inclination angle of 36 ° or more effectively inhibits the supplied reduced iron raw material from stopping and staying on the inclined surface. In addition, an inclination angle of 60 ° or less allows the reduced iron material to descend along the inclined surface while reliably maintaining contact between the reduced iron material and the inclined surface.
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Abstract
Description
(1)還元鉄原料
任意の断面の真円度:0.8以上(共通)
直径:15mm,18mm及び23mmの3種類(実施例)
直径:15mm及び23mmの2種類(比較例)
(2)床敷材
材質:無煙炭(共通)
粒径:3.35mm以下 100Wt%(共通)
層厚:15mm(共通)
(3)鉛直方向の落下距離
比較例の場合:900mm
実施例の場合:1400mm
(4)炉床移動速度
原料直径23mmの場合:7.6m/min(共通)
原料直径19mmの場合:9.2m/min(実施例のみ)
原料直径15mmの場合:11.6m/min(共通)
(5)傾斜面(実施例のみ)
傾斜角度:45°
材質:耐火物(天井と同じ)
長さ:1000mm
Claims (9)
- 還元鉄を製造するための方法であって、
炭素質還元剤と酸化鉄とを含有する複数の球状の還元鉄原料を、特定方向に移動する炉床、前記炉床の上方に位置する天井、及び前記炉床上に敷設された粉体からなる床敷材、を有する還元溶融炉内に順次装入して前記床敷材上にセットする工程と、
前記炉床の移動に伴って当該床敷材上で前記各還元鉄原料を順次還元処理することにより還元鉄を生成し、前記還元溶融炉の外部に排出する工程と、を含み、
前記塊成化物を前記床敷材上にセットする工程は、前記還元鉄原料に前記炉床の移動方向と同じ方向の水平方向の速度であって当該炉床の移動速度よりも大きな水平方向の速度を与えながら当該還元鉄原料を前記天井の下面から下方に放出して前記床敷材上に落下させることによりその水平方向の速度の向きに当該床敷材上で当該塊成化物を転動させることを、含む、還元鉄の製造方法。 - 請求項1記載の還元鉄の製造方法であって、前記塊成化物を前記床敷材上にセットする工程では、前記床敷材上への前記還元鉄原料の入射角度を60°以下とする大きさの水平方向の速度を前記還元鉄原料に与える、還元鉄の製造方法。
- 請求項1または2記載の還元鉄の製造方法であって、前記水平方向の速度は、前記天井の内部に前記炉床の移動方向に下って傾斜するとともに前記天井の下面またはそれよりも上側に位置する下端を有する傾斜面を設けてこの傾斜面上で前記還元鉄原料を転動させて当該傾斜面に沿って降下させてから当該傾斜面の下端から放出することにより、当該還元鉄原料に与えられる、還元鉄の製造方法。
- 請求項3記載の還元鉄の製造方法であって、前記水平方向の速度は、前記天井の上に前記天井の内部の傾斜面と連続する延長傾斜面をもった延長部材を設け、当該延長傾斜面及び前記天井の内部の傾斜面に順次沿わせて還元鉄原料を降下させてから当該還元鉄原料を放出することにより、当該還元鉄原料に与えられる、還元鉄の製造方法。
- 炭素質還元剤と酸化鉄とを含有する複数の球状の還元鉄原料を加熱処理して還元鉄を製造するための装置であって、
特定方向に移動可能な炉床、前記炉床の上方に位置する天井、及び、前記炉床上に敷設された粉体からなる床敷材を有し、この床敷材上にセットされた還元鉄原料を前記炉床の移動に伴って順次加熱処理することにより還元鉄を生成する還元溶融炉と、
この還元溶融炉内に前記複数の還元鉄原料を順次装入して前記床敷材上にセットする原料装入部と、
前記還元溶融炉内で生成された還元鉄を排出する排出部と、を備え、
前記原料装入部は、前記還元鉄原料に前記炉床の移動方向と同じ方向の水平方向の速度であって当該炉床の移動速度よりも大きな水平方向の速度を与えながら当該還元鉄原料を前記天井の下面から下方に放出して前記床敷材上に落下させることによりその水平方向の速度の向きに当該床敷材上で当該塊成化物を転動させる、還元鉄の製造装置。 - 請求項5記載の還元鉄の製造装置であって、前記原料装入部は、前記天井の内部に設けられ、前記炉床の移動方向に下って傾斜するとともに、天井の下面またはそれよりも上側に位置する下端を有する傾斜面と、この傾斜面に前記複数の還元鉄原料を順次供給して当該還元鉄原料を当該傾斜面に沿って降下させ、当該傾斜面の下端から放出させる原料供給部と、を含む、還元鉄の製造装置。
- 請求項6記載の還元鉄の製造装置であって、前記原料装入部は、前記天井の内部に設けられる傾斜面に加えて天井の上側に延長された傾斜面をさらに含む、還元鉄の製造装置。
- 請求項7記載の還元鉄の製造装置であって、前記天井の上に設けられ、前記天井の内部の傾斜面と連続する延長傾斜面を有する延長部材をさらに含み、前記原料供給部は当該延長傾斜面に前記還元鉄原料を供給して当該還元鉄原料を前記延長傾斜面及び前記天井の内部の傾斜面に順次沿わせて降下させる、還元鉄の製造装置。
- 請求項6~8のいずれかに記載の還元鉄の製造装置であって、前記傾斜面の角度は、36°以上60°以下である、還元鉄の製造装置。
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