WO2016124144A1 - 布瑞哌唑类似物的制备方法 - Google Patents

布瑞哌唑类似物的制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2016124144A1
WO2016124144A1 PCT/CN2016/073428 CN2016073428W WO2016124144A1 WO 2016124144 A1 WO2016124144 A1 WO 2016124144A1 CN 2016073428 W CN2016073428 W CN 2016073428W WO 2016124144 A1 WO2016124144 A1 WO 2016124144A1
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sodium
group
potassium
formula
compound represented
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PCT/CN2016/073428
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French (fr)
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张健
田广辉
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苏州旺山旺水生物医药有限公司
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Priority to CN201680004617.8A priority Critical patent/CN107428718B/zh
Publication of WO2016124144A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016124144A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D333/00Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D333/50Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D333/52Benzo[b]thiophenes; Hydrogenated benzo[b]thiophenes
    • C07D333/62Benzo[b]thiophenes; Hydrogenated benzo[b]thiophenes with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
    • C07D333/68Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen
    • C07D333/70Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen attached in position 2
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D409/00Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D409/02Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
    • C07D409/12Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/55Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of medicinal chemistry, and in particular relates to a preparation method of bupreperazole analog.
  • Breproprazole (code: OPC-34712) is a new generation of antipsychotic drug candidate developed by Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., which acts on multiple receptors and is a partial agonist of dopamine D2 receptor (improving positive and negative symptoms, Cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms), 5-HT2A receptor antagonist (improves negative symptoms, cognitive dysfunction, symptoms of depression, insomnia), ⁇ 1 adrenergic receptor antagonist (improves positive symptoms of schizophrenia), 5 - serotonin uptake/re-uptake inhibitor (improves depressive symptoms); at the same time, 5-HT1A partial agonist (anti-anxiety and anti-depressant activity) and 5-HT7 antagonist (body temperature, circadian rhythm, learning and memory, sleep) .
  • MDD major depressive disorder
  • phase III clinical trials for adjuvant treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) Phase III clinical trials for adjuvant treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) in the United States and Europe; phase III clinical trials for the treatment of schizophrenia in the United States, Europe
  • Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. discloses a preparation route of brieprazole in PCT application WO2006112464 A1, see reaction formula 2.
  • the difficulty of this route is that the first-step reaction produces by-products which are not easily separated, and is not easily obtained by column chromatography.
  • the purity of the intermediate which affects the purity and yield of the final product brieprazole.
  • Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. discloses another preparation method of the key intermediate 1-(benzothiophen-4-yl)-piperazine in PCT application WO2013015456 A1, see Reaction Scheme 3, and the reagents used in this route are relatively expensive. , high cost, unfriendly to the environment and not suitable for industrial production.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a novel preparation method of bure prazol analogue which is simple in operation, high in yield, low in cost, environmentally friendly, and suitable for industrial large-scale production.
  • the present invention provides a method of synthesizing a compound represented by the general formula (V) which is achieved by the following reaction formula:
  • R is An acylamino protecting group (such as formyl, acetyl, propionyl, benzoyl, haloacetyl, phthaloyl) or an alkoxycarbonyl amino protecting group (such as tert-butoxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl);
  • the haloacetyl group is a fluoroacetyl group, a bromoacetyl group, a chloroacetyl group or an iodoacetyl group;
  • R is Formyl, acetyl or tert-butoxycarbonyl;
  • X is fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine;
  • Y is oxygen or sulfur;
  • Z is H or halogen.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • a ring-closing reaction is carried out from a compound of the formula (IV) in the presence of a base, and the reaction is completed, and the pH is adjusted to be acidic with an acid (preferably, the pH is less than 5) to obtain a compound of the formula (V).
  • the bases used in the step (1) and the step (2) are respectively selected from sodium t-butoxide, potassium t-butoxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium hydrogencarbonate, potassium hydrogencarbonate, cesium carbonate, sodium acetate.
  • the base is selected from the group consisting of sodium t-butoxide, potassium t-butoxide, sodium carbonate, carbonic acid Potassium, sodium bicarbonate, potassium hydrogencarbonate, cesium carbonate, sodium acetate, potassium acetate, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide,
  • the acids described in the step (1) and the step (2) are preferably hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, acetic acid, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, perchloric acid, trichloroacetic acid or trifluoroacetic acid, respectively.
  • the step (1) and the step (2) may be carried out in a solvent selected from the group consisting of benzene, toluene, chlorobenzene, xylene, acetonitrile, 2-butanone, acetone, and 1,3-dimethyl-2.
  • -Imidazolinone dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl sulfone, sulfolane, hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA ), N,N-diethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), acetic acid, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, tert-butanol, ethylene glycol, ethanethiol , polyethylene glycol, 1,4-dioxane, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, diisopropyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, water, n-hexane, cyclohexane, dichloromethane, two One or more of ethyl chloride, chloroform and quinoline;
  • the reaction temperature in the step (1) and the step (2) is 20 to 140 ° C, preferably 70 to 140 ° C; the reaction time is 0.5 to 36 hours, preferably 0.5 to 10 hours;
  • the molar ratio of the compound of the formula (III) to the base is 1:1 to 1:15, preferably 1:1 to 1:5;
  • the molar ratio of the compound of the formula (IV) to the amount of the base to be fed in the step (2) is from 1:1 to 1:15, preferably from 1:1 to 1:5.
  • the present invention also provides a one-pot method for synthesizing a compound represented by the formula (V) or a salt thereof, that is, a salt of the compound of the formula (IV) in the presence of a base of the compound of the formula (III), After separation, further reaction produces a salt of the compound of formula V, and the pH is adjusted to acidity with an acid to obtain a compound of formula V, which is achieved by the following reaction formula:
  • R, X, Y, and Z are the same as defined above for the compound represented by the formula (III); and M is Li, Na or K.
  • the base used is selected from the group consisting of sodium t-butoxide, potassium t-butoxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium hydrogencarbonate, potassium hydrogencarbonate, cesium carbonate, sodium acetate, potassium acetate, amine acetate, sodium hydroxide, Potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, sodium hydride, potassium hydride, sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide, sodium amide, potassium amide, diisopropylethylamine, potassium phosphate, sodium phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, pyridine , pyrrolidine, piperidine, triethylamine, ethylenediamine, urea, thiourea, 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene, 4- One or more of dimethylaminopyridine and sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide; preferably, the base is selected from the group consisting of sodium t-butoxide
  • the reaction can be carried out in a solvent selected from the group consisting of benzene, toluene, chlorobenzene, xylene, acetonitrile, 2-butanone, acetone, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, and dimethylene.
  • a solvent selected from the group consisting of benzene, toluene, chlorobenzene, xylene, acetonitrile, 2-butanone, acetone, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, and dimethylene.
  • HMPA hexamethylphosphoramide
  • DMF N,N-dimethylformamide
  • DMA N,N-dimethylacetamide
  • NMP N-methylpyrrolidone
  • acetic acid methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, tert-butanol, ethylene glycol, ethanethiol, polyethylene glycol, 1, 4-dioxane, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, diisopropyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, water, n-hexane, cyclohexane, dichloromethane, dichloroethane, chloroform and quinoline
  • the solvent is selected from the group consisting of
  • the molar ratio of the compound of the formula (III) to the amount of the base to be charged is from 1:1 to 1:15, preferably from 1:1 to 1:5.
  • the compound represented by the formula (III) can be obtained by a Knoevenagel condensation reaction of the compound represented by the formula (I) and the compound of the formula (II), and the reaction formula is:
  • the Knoevenagel condensation reaction is carried out in the presence of a catalyst;
  • the catalyst is selected from a base or an organic acid salt; preferably, the base is selected from the group consisting of sodium t-butoxide, potassium t-butoxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium hydrogencarbonate, Potassium bicarbonate, cesium carbonate, sodium acetate, potassium acetate, amine acetate, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, sodium hydride, potassium hydride, sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide, sodium amide, potassium amide , diisopropylethylamine, potassium phosphate, sodium phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, pyridine, pyrrolidine, piperidine, triethylamine, ethylenediamine, urea, thiourea, 1,8-two One or more of azabicyclo[5.
  • the molar ratio of the compound represented by the formula (I) to the catalyst is from 1:0.01 to 1:5, preferably from 1:0.01 to 1:3; the compound represented by the formula (I) and the compound of the formula (II) The molar ratio is 1:1 to 1:15, preferably 1:1 to 1:10, and most preferably 1:1 to 1:5;
  • the Knoevenagel condensation reaction is carried out in the presence or absence of a solvent; the solvent is selected from the group consisting of benzene, toluene, chlorobenzene, xylene, acetonitrile, 2-butanone, acetone, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazole Linoleone, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl sulfone, sulfolane, hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA), N,N-diethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), B Acid, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, tert-butanol, ethylene glycol, ethanethiol, polyethylene glycol, 1,4-dioxane, tetraethylene glycol
  • a solvent is selected
  • N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA), N,N-diethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), acetic acid, methanol, One or more of ethanol, isopropanol, 1,4-dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, and water;
  • the reaction temperature of the Knoevenagel condensation reaction is 20 to 140 ° C, preferably 70 to 140 ° C;
  • the reaction time of the Knoevenagel condensation reaction is from 0.5 hours to 36 hours, preferably from 0.5 hours to 10 hours.
  • the compound of the formula III prepared by the Knoevenagel condensation reaction of the compound of the formula II can be directly subjected to a one-pot reaction by continuously adding a base and a solvent to the system without a post-treatment to obtain a compound of the formula V, that is, a compound of the formula II is continuously reacted to obtain a formula V.
  • the present invention also relates to a compound represented by the following formula V-A:
  • R is An acylamino protecting group (such as formyl, acetyl, propionyl, benzoyl, haloacetyl, phthaloyl) or an alkoxycarbonyl amino protecting group (such as tert-butoxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl);
  • the haloacetyl group is a fluoroacetyl group, a bromoacetyl group, a chloroacetyl group or an iodoacetyl group; preferably, R is Formyl, acetyl or tert-butoxycarbonyl; Z is a halogen.
  • the invention also relates to compounds represented by the following formula III:
  • R is An acylamino protecting group (such as formyl, acetyl, propionyl, benzoyl, haloacetyl, phthaloyl) or an alkoxycarbonyl amino protecting group (such as tert-butoxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl);
  • the haloacetyl group is a fluoroacetyl group, a bromoacetyl group, a chloroacetyl group or an iodoacetyl group;
  • R is Formyl, acetyl or tert-butoxycarbonyl;
  • X is fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine;
  • Y is an oxygen or sulfur atom;
  • Z is H or halogen.
  • bureloperazole analog obtained by the process of the present invention can be directly used for the preparation of brieprazole or its key intermediate 1-(benzothiophen-4-yl)-piperazine.
  • the bureloperazole analog obtained by the process of the invention can be used directly to prepare the heterocyclic compound or its key intermediate described in patent WO2015131856.
  • the method of the invention Compared with the palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction reported in the prior literature, the method of the invention has the advantages of low cost, less impurities, and the like.
  • Z is a halogen in the compound of the formula V
  • the substituent is used in the palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction.
  • Z also participates in the coupling reaction to greatly reduce the reaction yield.
  • the method of the invention has the advantages of simple operation, stable process, easy control, convenient and safe treatment, no harm to human health and environment, low production cost, high product yield, good purity, etc., and can be economically and conveniently For industrial production.
  • the bureloperazole analog obtained by the process of the present invention can be directly used for the preparation of brieprazole or its key intermediate 1-(benzothiophen-4-yl)-piperazine.
  • Example 1 The product of Example 1 (1 g, 2.28 mmol) was added, and a 30% sodium hydroxide solution (10 ml) was added, and the reaction system was heated to reflux at 100 ° C for 24 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the pH of the system was adjusted to be acidic with hydrochloric acid, and a large amount of solid was precipitated, filtered, and dried to give a product (577 mg, yield 70%).
  • 1 H NMR 400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ): ⁇ 7.98 (s, 1H), 7.64 (d, 1H), 7.42 (t, 1H), 6.95 (d, 1H), 3.53 (bs, 4H), 3.035 ( Bs, 4H).
  • Example 2 The product of Example 1 (1 g, 2.28 mmol) was added, and water (10 ml) was added, and potassium t-butoxide (766 g, 6.84 mmol) was added portionwise at room temperature for 1 h, and the reaction was heated to 100 ° C and heated to reflux for 12 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the pH of the system was adjusted to be acidic with hydrochloric acid, and a large amount of solid was precipitated, filtered, and dried to give a product (600 mg, yield 73%).
  • Example 7 (Z)-4-(3,5-Difluoro-2-((4-oxo-2-thiothiazolidine-5-ylidene)methyl)phenyl)piperazine-1-carboxylic acid Synthesis of tert-butyl ester
  • Example 7 The product of Example 7 (1 g, 2.26 mmol) was added, and a 30% sodium hydroxide solution (10 ml) was added, and the reaction system was heated to reflux at 100 ° C for 4 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the pH of the system was adjusted to be acidic with 1 N hydrochloric acid, and a large amount of solid was precipitated, filtered, and dried to give a product (646 mg, yield 75%).
  • ESI: [M-1] - 379.9.
  • Example 9 The product of Example 9 (1 g, 1.79 mmol) was added, and a 30% sodium hydroxide solution (10 ml) was added, and the reaction system was heated to reflux at 100 ° C for 4 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the pH of the system was adjusted to be acidic with 1 N hydrochloric acid, and a large amount of solid was precipitated, filtered, and dried to give a product (600 mg, yield 70%).

Abstract

本发明涉及布瑞哌唑类似物及其制备方法。所述制备方法操作简单易行、工艺稳定、易于控制、反应后处理方便、不对人体健康与环境产生危害、生产成本低、收率高、纯度好,适于大规模生产。

Description

布瑞哌唑类似物的制备方法 技术领域
发明属于药物化学领域,具体涉及布瑞哌唑类似物的制备方法。
背景技术
布瑞哌唑(Brexpiprazole,代号:OPC-34712)是大塚制药株式会社研发的新一代抗精神病候选药物,其作用于多个受体,是多巴胺D2受体部分激动剂(改善阳性和阴性症状,认知障碍及抑郁症状),5-HT2A受体拮抗剂(改善阴性症状,认知功能障碍,抑郁症的症状,失眠),α1肾上腺素受体拮抗剂(改善精神分裂症阳性症状),5-羟色胺摄取/再摄取抑制剂(改善抑郁症状);同时,又是5-HT1A部分激动剂(抗焦虑和抗抑郁活性)和5-HT7拮抗剂(体温,昼夜节律,学习和记忆,睡眠)。目前,在美国和欧洲进行作为辅助治疗重度抑郁症(MDD)的III期临床试验;在美国,欧洲和日本进行治疗精神分裂症的III期临床试验,同时,还在美国进行成人多动症的II期临床试验。
1-取代-4-(苯并噻吩-4-基)-哌嗪(式V)是布瑞哌唑的重要中间体,式V化合物经1~2步反应可得到布瑞哌唑或其关键中间体1-(苯并噻吩-4-基)-哌嗪(见反应式1)。
反应式1:
Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-000001
大塚制药株式会社在PCT申请WO2006112464 A1中公开了布瑞哌唑的制备路线,见反应式2,该路线的难点在于第一步反应生成了不易分离的副产物,通过柱层析也不易得到高纯度的中间体,从而影响了终产品布瑞哌唑的纯度和收率。
反应式2:
Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-000002
随后,大塚制药株式会社在PCT申请WO2013015456 A1中公开了关键中间体1-(苯并噻吩-4-基)-哌嗪的另一制备方法,见反应式3,该路线所用的试剂都比较昂贵,成本高,对环境不友好且不适合工业化大生产。
反应式3:
Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-000003
由于上述制备方法存在成本高,杂质多且不易分离等缺点,因此有必要寻找一条经济、实用、环保的新路线,以提高工艺稳定性,降低成本、提高产品质量。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种新的、操作简便、收率高、成本低、对环境友好、适合工业化大规模生产的布瑞哌唑类似物的制备方法。
本发明提供了一种合成通式(V)表示的化合物的方法,该方法通过以下反应式实现:
Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-000004
其中,R为
Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-000005
酰基类氨基保护基(如甲酰基、乙酰基、丙酰基、苯甲酰基、卤代乙酰基、邻苯二甲酰基)或烷氧羰基类氨基保护基(如叔丁氧羰基、苄氧羰基、9-芴甲氧羰基);所述卤代乙酰基为氟代乙酰基、溴代乙酰基、氯代乙酰基或碘代乙酰基;优选地,R为
Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-000006
甲酰基、乙酰基或叔丁氧羰基;X为氟、氯、溴或碘;Y为氧或硫;Z为H或卤素。
该方法包括以下步骤:
(1)式(III)化合物在碱存在下发生水解反应,反应结束,用酸调节pH至酸性(优选pH值小于5),得到式(IV)化合物;
(2)由式(IV)化合物在碱存在下发生关环反应,反应结束,用酸调节pH至酸性(优选pH值小于5),得到式(V)化合物。
在上述方法中,步骤(1)和步骤(2)中所用的碱分别选自叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸铯、醋酸钠、醋酸钾、醋酸胺、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化锂、氢化钠、氢化钾、甲醇钠、乙醇钠、氨基钠、氨基钾、二异丙基乙胺、磷酸钾、磷酸钠、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸氢二钾、吡啶、吡咯烷、哌啶、三乙胺、乙二胺、尿素、硫脲、1,8-二氮杂二环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯、4-二甲氨基吡啶和二(三甲基硅基)氨基钠中的一种或多种;优选地,所述碱选自叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸铯、醋酸钠、醋酸钾、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化锂、氢化钠、甲醇钠、乙醇钠、二异丙基乙胺、吡啶、吡咯烷、哌啶、三乙胺、尿素、硫脲、1,8-二氮杂二环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯和二(三甲基硅基)氨基钠中的一种或多种;
步骤(1)和步骤(2)中所述的酸分别优选为盐酸、硫酸、磷酸、硝酸、醋酸、氢溴酸、氢碘酸、高氯酸、三氯乙酸或三氟乙酸。
步骤(1)中和步骤(2)可以在溶剂中进行,所用的溶剂分别选自苯、甲苯、氯苯、二甲苯、乙腈、2-丁酮、丙酮、1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑啉酮、二甲亚砜、二甲基砜、环丁砜、六甲基磷酰胺(HMPA)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMA)、N,N-二乙基甲酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)、乙酸、甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、叔丁醇、乙二醇、乙硫醇、聚乙二醇、1,4-二氧六环、四乙二醇二甲醚、甲基叔丁基醚、异丙醚、四氢呋喃、水、正己烷、环己烷、二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷、氯仿和喹啉中的一种或多种;优选地,所述溶剂选自苯、甲苯、氯苯、二甲苯、乙腈、1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑啉 酮、二甲亚砜、二甲基砜、环丁砜、六甲基磷酰胺(HMPA)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMA)、N,N-二乙基甲酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)、乙酸、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、1,4-二氧六环、四氢呋喃和水中的一种或多种;
步骤(1)中和步骤(2)中的反应温度为20~140℃,优选70~140℃;反应时间分别为0.5小时~36小时,优选0.5小时~10小时;
步骤(1)中所述式(III)化合物与碱的投料量的摩尔比为1:1~1:15,优选1:1~1:5;
步骤(2)中所述式(IV)化合物与碱的投料量的摩尔比为1:1~1:15,优选1:1~1:5。
本发明还提供了一种一锅法合成通式(V)表示的化合物或其盐的方法,即由式(III)所示化合物在碱存在下生成式(IV)所示化合物的盐,不经分离,进一步反应生成式V化合物的盐,用酸调节pH至酸性即可得到式V化合物,该方法通过以下反应式实现:
Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-000007
其中,R、X、Y、Z的定义与如上对式(III)所示化合物的定义相同;M为Li、Na或K。
在上述方法中,所用的碱选自叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸铯、醋酸钠、醋酸钾、醋酸胺、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化锂、氢化钠、氢化钾、甲醇钠、乙醇钠、氨基钠、氨基钾、二异丙基乙胺、磷酸钾、磷酸钠、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸氢二钾、吡啶、吡咯烷、哌啶、三乙胺、乙二胺、尿素、硫脲、1,8-二氮杂二环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯、4- 二甲氨基吡啶和二(三甲基硅基)氨基钠中的一种或多种;优选地,所述碱选自叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸铯、醋酸钠、醋酸钾、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化锂、氢化钠、甲醇钠、乙醇钠、二异丙基乙胺、吡啶、吡咯烷、哌啶、三乙胺、尿素、硫脲、1,8-二氮杂二环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯和二(三甲基硅基)氨基钠中的一种或多种;
所述反应可以在溶剂中进行,所用的溶剂选自苯、甲苯、氯苯、二甲苯、乙腈、2-丁酮、丙酮、1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑啉酮、二甲亚砜、二甲基砜、环丁砜、六甲基磷酰胺(HMPA)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMA)、N,N-二乙基甲酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)、乙酸、甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、叔丁醇、乙二醇、乙硫醇、聚乙二醇、1,4-二氧六环、四乙二醇二甲醚、甲基叔丁基醚、异丙醚、四氢呋喃、水、正己烷、环己烷、二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷、氯仿和喹啉中的一种或多种;优选地,所述溶剂选自苯、甲苯、氯苯、二甲苯、乙腈、1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑啉酮、二甲亚砜、二甲基砜、环丁砜、六甲基磷酰胺(HMPA)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMA)、N,N-二乙基甲酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)、乙酸、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、1,4-二氧六环、四氢呋喃和水中的一种或多种;反应温度为20~140℃,优选70~140℃;反应时间为0.5小时~36小时,优选0.5小时~10小时;
所述式(III)所示化合物与碱的投料量的摩尔比为1:1~1:15,优选1:1~1:5。
在上述两种方法中,所述通式(III)表示的化合物可由式(I)所示化合物和式(II)所示化合物经Knoevenagel缩合反应制备得到,反应式为:
Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-000008
其中,R、X、Y、Z的定义与如上对式(III)化合物的定义相同。
所述Knoevenagel缩合反应在催化剂存在下进行;所述催化剂选自碱或有机酸盐;优选地,所述碱选自叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸铯、醋酸钠、醋酸钾、醋酸胺、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化锂、四丁基氢氧化铵、氢化钠、氢化钾、甲醇钠、乙醇钠、氨基钠、氨基钾、二异丙基乙胺、磷酸钾、磷酸钠、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸氢二钾、吡啶、吡咯烷、哌啶、三乙胺、乙二胺、尿素、硫脲、1,8-二氮杂二环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯、4-二甲氨基吡啶和二(三甲基硅基)氨基钠中的一种或多种;更优选地,所述碱选自叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸铯、醋酸钠、醋酸钾、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化锂、四丁基氢氧化铵、氢化钠、甲醇钠、乙醇钠、二异丙基乙胺、吡啶、吡咯烷、哌啶、三乙胺、尿素、硫脲、1,8-二氮杂二环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯和二(三甲基硅基)氨基钠中的一种或多种;所述有机酸盐选自哌啶乙酸盐或哌啶苯甲酸盐;
所述式(I)所示化合物与催化剂的摩尔比为1:0.01~1:5,优选1:0.01~1:3;所述式(I)所示化合物与式(II)所示化合物的摩尔比为1:1~1:15,优选1:1~1:10,最优选1:1~1:5;
所述Knoevenagel缩合反应在有或无溶剂存在下进行;所述溶剂为选自苯、甲苯、氯苯、二甲苯、乙腈、2-丁酮、丙酮、1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑啉酮、二甲亚砜、二甲基砜、环丁砜、六甲基磷酰胺(HMPA)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMA)、N,N-二乙基甲酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)、乙 酸、甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、叔丁醇、乙二醇、乙硫醇、聚乙二醇、1,4-二氧六环、四乙二醇二甲醚、甲基叔丁基醚、异丙醚、四氢呋喃、水、正己烷、环己烷、二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷、氯仿和喹啉中的一种或多种;优选地,所述溶剂为选自苯、甲苯、氯苯、二甲苯、乙腈、1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑啉酮、二甲亚砜、二甲基砜、环丁砜、六甲基磷酰胺(HMPA)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMA)、N,N-二乙基甲酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)、乙酸、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、1,4-二氧六环、四氢呋喃和水中的一种或多种;
所述Knoevenagel缩合反应的反应温度为20~140℃,优选70~140℃;
所述Knoevenagel缩合反应的反应时间为0.5小时~36小时,优选0.5小时~10小时。
由式II化合物通过Knoevenagel缩合反应制备得到的式III化合物可以不经后处理,直接向体系中继续加入碱和溶剂发生一锅反应得到式V化合物,即由式II所示化合物连续反应得到式V化合物的盐,用酸调节pH至酸性得到式V化合物。
本发明还涉及如下式V-A表示的化合物:
Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-000009
其中,R为
Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-000010
酰基类氨基保护基(如甲酰基、乙酰基、丙酰基、苯甲酰基、卤代乙酰基、邻苯二甲酰基)或烷氧羰基类氨基保护基(如叔丁氧羰基、苄氧羰基、9-芴甲氧羰基); 所述卤代乙酰基为氟代乙酰基、溴代乙酰基、氯代乙酰基或碘代乙酰基;优选地,R为
Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-000011
甲酰基、乙酰基或叔丁氧羰基;Z为卤素。
本发明还涉及如下式III表示的化合物:
Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-000012
其中,R为
Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-000013
酰基类氨基保护基(如甲酰基、乙酰基、丙酰基、苯甲酰基、卤代乙酰基、邻苯二甲酰基)或烷氧羰基类氨基保护基(如叔丁氧羰基、苄氧羰基、9-芴甲氧羰基);所述卤代乙酰基为氟代乙酰基、溴代乙酰基、氯代乙酰基或碘代乙酰基;优选地,R为
Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-000014
甲酰基、乙酰基或叔丁氧羰基;X为氟、氯、溴或碘;Y为氧或硫原子;Z为H或卤素。
通过本发明的方法得到的布瑞哌唑类似物可以直接用于制备布瑞哌唑或其关键中间体1-(苯并噻吩-4-基)-哌嗪。
通过本发明的方法得到的布瑞哌唑类似物可以直接用于制备专利WO2015131856中所述的杂环化合物或其关键中间体。
本发明方法相比现有文献报道的钯催化的偶联反应具有成本低、杂质少等优点,特别的,当式V所示化合物中Z为卤素时,采用钯催化的偶联反应时取代基Z也会参与偶联反应从而大大降低反应收率。
有益效果
本发明的方法具有操作简单易行、工艺稳定、易于控制、反应后处理方便、安全、不对人体健康与环境产生危害、生产成本低、产物收率高、纯度好等优点,可以经济、方便地用于工业化生产。通过本发明的方法得到的布瑞哌唑类似物可以直接用于制备布瑞哌唑或其关键中间体1-(苯并噻吩-4-基)-哌嗪。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施例来进一步说明本发明。应理解,以下实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限定本发明的范围。
下面各实施例进一步说明本发明,但不作任何限制。
参考例1 4-(3-氯-2-甲醛苯基-1-)-哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯的合成
Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-000015
将2-氯-6-氟苯甲醛(500mg,3.15mmol),哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(646mg,3.47mmol)溶解到N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(5mL)中,氮气保护下,室温下加入碳酸钾(2.18g,15.77mmol),混合物在80℃搅拌4小时,冷却过滤,加入水(20mL),乙酸乙酯(3×5mL)萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤除干燥剂,浓缩得固体,用石油醚(50mL)打浆1h后,过滤得淡黄色固体(750mg,收率75%)。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ10.37(s,1H),7.40(t,1H),7.01(d,1H),6.99(d,1H),3.20(m,4H),3.00(s,4H),1.47(s,9H).ESI:[M+1]+=325.8。
参考例2 1-乙酰基-4-(3-氯-2-甲醛苯基-1-)-哌嗪的合成
Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-000016
将2-氯-6-氟苯甲醛(500mg,3.15mmol),1-乙酰哌嗪(444mg,3.47mmol)溶解到DMF(5mL)中,氮气保护下,室温下加入碳酸钾(2.18g,15.77mmol), 混合物在80℃搅拌4小时,冷却过滤,加入水(20mL),乙酸乙酯(3×5mL)萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩得固体,用石油醚(50mL)打浆1h后,过滤得淡黄色固体(588mg,收率70%)。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ10.40(s,1H),7.40(t,1H),7.13(d,1H),6.98(d,1H),3.80(t,2H),3.69(t,2H),3.04(brt,4H),2.13(s,3H).ESI:[M+1]+=267.15。
参考例3 4-(3,5-二氟-2-甲醛苯基-1-)-哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯的合成
Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-000017
2L反应瓶中投入四氢呋喃(900mL)降温到-60℃,加入1,3,5-三氟苯(90g,0.68mol),滴加LDA(2M四氢呋喃溶液,450ml)约1小时加完,然后在-60℃搅拌1小时,然后在此温度下滴加DMF(133mL),60℃搅拌1小时,升温到-20℃,用1N的稀盐酸调节pH<4,保持温度在0±5℃,加入乙酸乙酯萃取2次,合并有机相,饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,溶剂浓缩干即可直接投入下一步反应。
1L反应瓶中投入2,4,6-三氟苯甲醛(70g,0.44mol),哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(80g,1.2eq),无水碳酸钾(80g,1.5eq),再投入水300ml,氮气保护下,20℃反应1.5小时,反应结束后,减压蒸去甲醇,加入乙酸乙酯萃取2次,合并有机相,水洗,饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干溶剂,柱层析得到标题化合物,黄色固体(60g,收率43%)。ESI:[M+1]+=327.1。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ10.19(s,1H),6.49(m,2H),3.63(t,4H),3.04(t,4H),1.47(s,9H).
实施例1 (Z)-4-(3-氯-2-((4-氧代-2-硫代噻唑烷-5-亚基)甲基)苯基)哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯的合成
Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-000018
取4-(3-氯-2-甲醛苯基-1-)-哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(1g,3.1mmol),加入罗丹宁(433mg,3.25mmol)和乙醇(10ml),加入吡咯烷(11mg,0.15mmol),反应体系85℃加热回流3小时,冷却至室温,浓缩溶剂,加入正庚烷打浆,得产物(1.2g,收率88%)。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ9.94(s,1H),7.94(s,1H),7.31(t,1H),7.15(d,1H),6.98(d,1H),3.57(t,4H),2.93(t,4H),1.47(s,9H).ESI:[M+1]+=440.0。
实施例2 (Z)-4-(3-氯-2-((4-氧代-2-硫代噻唑烷-5-亚基)甲基)苯基)哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯的合成
Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-000019
取4-(3-氯-2-甲醛苯基-1-)-哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(1g,3.1mmol),加入罗丹宁(433mg,3.25mmol)和乙醇(10ml),加入哌啶(13mg,0.15mmol),反应体系85℃加热回流3小时,冷却至室温,浓缩溶剂,加入正庚烷打浆,得产物(1.16g,收率86%)。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ9.94(s,1H),7.94(s,1H),7.31(t,1H),7.15(d,1H),6.98(d,1H),3.57(t,4H),2.93(t,4H),1.47(s,9H).ESI:[M+1]+=440.0。
实施例3 4-(2-羧基苯并噻吩-4-基)-哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯的合成
Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-000020
取实施例1的产物(1g,2.28mmol),加入30%的氢氧化钠溶液(10ml),反应体系100℃加热回流24小时。冷却至室温,用盐酸调节体系pH至酸性,有大量固体析出,过滤,烘干得到产品(577mg,收率70%)。1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ7.98(s,1H),7.64(d,1H),7.42(t,1H),6.95(d,1H),3.53(bs,4H),3.035(bs,4H).ESI:[M-1]-=361.1。
实施例4 4-(2-羧基苯并噻吩-4-基)-哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯的合成
Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-000021
取实施例1的产物(1g,2.28mmol),加入水(10ml),室温下1h内分批加入叔丁醇钾(766g,6.84mmol),反应体系升温至100℃加热回流12小时。冷却至室温,用盐酸调节体系pH至酸性,有大量固体析出,过滤,烘干得到产品(600mg,收率73%)。1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ7.98(s,1H),7.64(d,1H),7.42(t,1H),6.95(d,1H),3.53(bs,4H),3.035(bs,4H).ESI:[M-1]-=361.1。
实施例5 1-乙酰基-(Z)-4-(3-氯-2-((4-氧代-2-硫代噻唑烷-5-亚基)甲基)苯基)哌嗪的合成
Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-000022
取1-乙酰基-4-(3-氯-2-甲醛苯基-1-)-哌嗪(0.82g,3.1mmol),加入罗丹宁(433mg,3.25mmol)和乙醇(10ml),加入吡咯烷(11mg,0.15mmol),反应体系85℃加热回流3小时,冷却至室温,浓缩溶剂,加入正庚烷打浆,得产物(1.05g,收率90%)。1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ13.71(s,1H),7.75(s,1H),7.44(t,1H),7.25(d,1H),7.16(d,1H),3.55(t,4H),2.95(t,2H),2.91(t,2H),2.01(s,3H).ESI:[M-1]-=380.01。
实施例6 1-乙酰基-4-(2-羧基苯并噻吩-4-基)-哌嗪的合成
Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-000023
取实施例5的产物(1g,2.62mmol),加入30%的氢氧化钠溶液(10ml),反应体系70℃加热反应2小时。冷却至室温,用盐酸调节体系pH至酸性,有大量固体析出,过滤,烘干得到产品(598mg,收率75%)。ESI:[M-1]-=303.1。实施例7 (Z)-4-(3,5-二氟-2-((4-氧代-2-硫代噻唑烷-5-亚基)甲基)苯基)哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯的合成
Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-000024
取参考例3的产物(16.3g,50mmol)置于500mL反应瓶中,加入罗丹宁(6.7g,1.00eq),吡咯烷(0.36g,0.05eq)和乙醇(250mL)。氮气保护下,50-60℃反应1小时,冷却至室温,浓缩溶剂,加入正庚烷打浆,得产物(19.8g,收率90%)。ESI:[M-1]-=440.0。1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ13.65(s,1H),7.33(s,1H),7.01(t,1H),6.86(d,1H),3.42(t,4H),2.88(t,4H),1.38(s,9H).
实施例8 4-(2-羧基-6-氟苯并噻吩-4-基)-哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯的合成
Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-000025
取实施例7的产物(1g,2.26mmol),加入30%的氢氧化钠溶液(10ml),反应体系100℃加热回流4小时。冷却至室温,用1N的盐酸调节体系pH至酸性,有大量固体析出,过滤,烘干得到产品(646mg,收率75%)。ESI:[M-1]-=379.9。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ8.17(s,1H),7.24(dd,1H),6.69(dd,1H),3.73(t,4H),3.16(t,4H),1.53(s,9H).
实施例9 (Z)-5-(2-氯-6-(4-(4-((2-氧代-1,2,3,4-四氢喹啉-7-基)氧基)丁基)哌嗪-1-基)亚苄基)-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮的合成
Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-000026
取2-氯-6-(4-(4-((2-氧代-1,2,3,4-四氢喹啉-7-基)氧基)丁基)哌嗪-1-基)苯甲 醛(1.36g,3.1mmol),加入罗丹宁(433mg,3.25mmol)和乙醇(10ml),加入吡咯烷(11mg,0.15mmol),反应体系85℃加热回流3小时,冷却至室温,浓缩溶剂,加入正庚烷打浆,得产物(1.46g,收率85%)。ESI:[M+1]+=557.1。
实施例10 7-[4-(2-羧基苯并噻吩-4-基-1-哌嗪基)丁氧基]-3,4-二氢-2(1H)-喹啉酮的合成
Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-000027
取实施例9的产物(1g,1.79mmol),加入30%的氢氧化钠溶液(10ml),反应体系100℃加热回流4小时。冷却至室温,用1N的盐酸调节体系pH至酸性,有大量固体析出,过滤,烘干得到产品(600mg,收率70%)。1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ10.01(s,1H),7.88(s,1H),7.61(d,1H),7.38(t,1H),7.03(q,1H),6.93(d,1H),6.48(m,2H),3.92(m,4H),3.35(s,4H),2.84(s,4H),2.77(s,2H),2.62(s,2H),1.72(m,4H),ESI:[M-1]-=478.3。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种合成通式(V)表示的化合物的方法,该方法通过以下反应式实现:
    Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-100001
    其中,R为
    Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-100002
    酰基类氨基保护基或烷氧羰基类氨基保护基;所述酰基类氨基保护优选自甲酰基、乙酰基、丙酰基、苯甲酰基、卤代乙酰基、邻苯二甲酰基;所述烷氧羰基类氨基保护基优选自叔丁氧羰基、苄氧羰基、9-芴甲氧羰基;所述卤代乙酰基为氟代乙酰基、溴代乙酰基、氯代乙酰基或碘代乙酰基;优选地,R为
    Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-100003
    甲酰基、乙酰基或叔丁氧羰基;X为氟、氯、溴或碘;Y为氧或硫原子;Z为H或卤素;
    该方法包括以下步骤:
    1)式(III)表示的化合物在碱存在下发生水解反应,反应结束,用酸调节pH至酸性,得到式(IV)表示的化合物;
    2)由式(IV)表示的化合物在碱存在下发生关环反应,反应结束,用酸调节pH至酸性,得到式(V)表示的化合物。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,Z为H。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,步骤1)和步骤2)中所用的碱分别选自叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、碳 酸铯、醋酸钠、醋酸钾、醋酸胺、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化锂、氢化钠、氢化钾、甲醇钠、乙醇钠、氨基钠、氨基钾、二异丙基乙胺、磷酸钾、磷酸钠、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸氢二钾、吡啶、吡咯烷、哌啶、三乙胺、乙二胺、尿素、硫脲、1,8-二氮杂二环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯、4-二甲氨基吡啶和二(三甲基硅基)氨基钠中的一种或多种;优选地,所述碱选自叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸铯、醋酸钠、醋酸钾、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化锂、氢化钠、甲醇钠、乙醇钠、二异丙基乙胺、吡啶、吡咯烷、哌啶、三乙胺、尿素、硫脲、1,8-二氮杂二环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯和二(三甲基硅基)氨基钠中的一种或多种。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,步骤1)中和步骤2)在溶剂中进行,所用的溶剂分别选自苯、甲苯、氯苯、二甲苯、乙腈、2-丁酮、丙酮、1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑啉酮、二甲亚砜、二甲基砜、环丁砜、六甲基磷酰胺、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、N,N-二乙基甲酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、乙酸、甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、叔丁醇、乙二醇、乙硫醇、聚乙二醇、1,4-二氧六环、四乙二醇二甲醚、甲基叔丁基醚、异丙醚、四氢呋喃、水、正己烷、环己烷、二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷、氯仿和喹啉中的一种或多种;优选地,所述溶剂选自苯、甲苯、氯苯、二甲苯、乙腈、1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑啉酮、二甲亚砜、二甲基砜、环丁砜、六甲基磷酰胺、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、N,N-二乙基甲酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、乙酸、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、1,4-二氧六环、四氢呋喃和水中的一种或多种。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:步骤1)中和步骤2)中的反应温度为20~140℃,优选70~140℃;反应时间为0.5小时~36小时,优选0.5小时~10小时;
    步骤1)中所述式(III)表示的化合物与碱的投料量的摩尔比为1:1~1:15,优选1:1~1:5;
    步骤2)中所述式(IV)表示的化合物与碱的投料量的摩尔比为1:1~1:15,优选1:1~1:5。
  6. 一种一锅法合成通式(V)表示的化合物或其盐的方法,即由式(III)表示的化合物在碱存在下生成式(IV)表示的化合物的盐,不经分离,进一步反应生成式(V)表示的化合物的盐,用酸调节pH至酸性即可得到式(V)表示的化合物,该方法通过以下反应式实现:
    Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-100004
    其中,R、X、Y、Z的定义如权利要求1所述;M为Li、Na或K。
  7. 根据权利要求6中所述的方法,所用的碱选自叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸铯、醋酸钠、醋酸钾、醋酸胺、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化锂、氢化钠、氢化钾、甲醇钠、乙醇钠、氨基钠、氨基钾、二异丙基乙胺、磷酸钾、磷酸钠、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸氢二钾、吡啶、吡咯烷、哌啶、三乙胺、乙二胺、尿素、硫脲、1,8-二氮杂二环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯、4-二甲氨基吡啶和二(三甲基硅基)氨基钠中的一种或多种;优选地,所述碱选自叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸铯、醋酸钠、醋酸钾、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化锂、氢化钠、甲醇钠、乙醇钠、二异丙基乙胺、吡啶、吡咯烷、哌啶、三乙胺、尿素、硫脲、1,8-二氮杂二环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯和二(三甲基硅基)氨基钠中的一种或多种;
    反应在溶剂中进行,所用的溶剂选自苯、甲苯、氯苯、二甲苯、乙腈、2-丁酮、丙酮、1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑啉酮、二甲亚砜、二甲基砜、环丁砜、六甲基磷酰胺(HMPA)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、N,N-二乙基甲酰 胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、乙酸、甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、叔丁醇、乙二醇、乙硫醇、聚乙二醇、1,4-二氧六环、四乙二醇二甲醚、甲基叔丁基醚、异丙醚、四氢呋喃、水、正己烷、环己烷、二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷、氯仿和喹啉中的一种或多种;优选地,所述溶剂选自苯、甲苯、氯苯、二甲苯、乙腈、1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑啉酮、二甲亚砜、二甲基砜、环丁砜、六甲基磷酰胺、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、N,N-二乙基甲酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、乙酸、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、1,4-二氧六环、四氢呋喃和水中的一种或多种;反应温度为20~140℃,优选70~140℃;反应时间为0.5小时~36小时,优选0.5小时~10小时;
    所述式(III)所示化合物与碱的摩尔比为1:1~1:15,优选1:1~1:5。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的方法,所述通式(III)表示的化合物由式(I)表示的化合物和式(II)表示的化合物经Knoevenagel缩合反应制备得到,反应方程式为:
    Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-100005
    其中,R、X、Y、Z的定义如相对应的权利要求所述。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法,所述Knoevenagel缩合反应在催化剂存在下进行;所述催化剂选自碱或有机酸盐;优选地,所述碱选自叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸铯、醋酸钠、醋酸钾、醋酸胺、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化锂、四丁基氢氧化铵、氢化钠、氢化钾、甲醇钠、乙醇钠、氨基钠、氨基钾、二异丙基乙胺、磷酸钾、磷酸钠、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸氢二钾、吡啶、吡咯烷、哌啶、三乙胺、乙二胺、尿 素、硫脲、1,8-二氮杂二环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯、4-二甲氨基吡啶和二(三甲基硅基)氨基钠中的一种或多种;更优选地,所述碱选自叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸铯、醋酸钠、醋酸钾、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化锂、四丁基氢氧化铵、氢化钠、甲醇钠、乙醇钠、二异丙基乙胺、吡啶、吡咯烷、哌啶、三乙胺、尿素、硫脲、1,8-二氮杂二环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯和二(三甲基硅基)氨基钠中的一种或多种;所述有机酸盐选自哌啶乙酸盐或哌啶苯甲酸盐。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的方法,所述(I)所示化合物与催化剂的摩尔比为1:0.01~1:5,优选1:0.01~1:3;式(I)所示化合物与式(II)所示化合物的摩尔比为1:1~1:15,优选1:1~1:10,最优选1:1~1:5。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的方法,所述Knoevenagel缩合反应在有或无溶剂存在下进行;所述溶剂为选自苯、甲苯、氯苯、二甲苯、乙腈、2-丁酮、丙酮、1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑啉酮、二甲亚砜、二甲基砜、环丁砜、六甲基磷酰胺、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、N,N-二乙基甲酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、乙酸、甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、叔丁醇、乙二醇、乙硫醇、聚乙二醇、1,4-二氧六环、四乙二醇二甲醚、甲基叔丁基醚、异丙醚、四氢呋喃、水、正己烷、环己烷、二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷、氯仿和喹啉中的一种或多种;优选地,所述溶剂为选自苯、甲苯、氯苯、二甲苯、乙腈、1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑啉酮、二甲亚砜、二甲基砜、环丁砜、六甲基磷酰胺、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、N,N-二乙基甲酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、乙酸、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、1,4-二氧六环、四氢呋喃和水中的一种或多种;
    所述Knoevenagel缩合反应的反应温度为20~140℃,优选70~140℃;
    所述Knoevenagel缩合反应的反应时间为0.5小时~36小时,优选0.5小时~10小时。
  12. 一种由式V-A表示的化合物:
    Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-100006
    其中,R为
    Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-100007
    酰基类氨基保护基或烷氧羰基类氨基保护基;所述酰基类氨基保护基优选自甲酰基、乙酰基、丙酰基、苯甲酰基、卤代乙酰基、邻苯二甲酰基;所述烷氧羰基类氨基保护基优选自叔丁氧羰基、苄氧羰基、9-芴甲氧羰基;所述卤代乙酰基为氟代乙酰基、溴代乙酰基、氯代乙酰基或碘代乙酰基;优选地,R为
    Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-100008
    甲酰基、乙酰基或叔丁氧羰基;Z为卤素。
  13. 一种由式III表示的化合物:
    Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-100009
    其中,R为
    Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-100010
    酰基类氨基保护基或烷氧羰基类氨基保护基;所述酰基类氨基保护基优选自甲酰基、乙酰基、丙酰基、苯甲酰基、卤代乙酰基、邻苯二甲酰基;所述烷氧羰基类氨基保护基优选自叔丁氧羰基、苄氧羰基、9-芴甲氧羰基;所述卤代乙酰基为氟代乙酰基、溴代乙酰基、氯代乙酰基或碘代乙酰基;优选地,R为
    Figure PCTCN2016073428-appb-100011
    甲酰基、乙酰基或叔丁氧羰基;X为氟、氯、溴或碘;Y为氧或硫原子;Z为H或卤素。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的化合物在制备式V所示化合物中的用途。
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