WO2016123846A1 - 多路阀及其多路阀撬 - Google Patents

多路阀及其多路阀撬 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016123846A1
WO2016123846A1 PCT/CN2015/075047 CN2015075047W WO2016123846A1 WO 2016123846 A1 WO2016123846 A1 WO 2016123846A1 CN 2015075047 W CN2015075047 W CN 2015075047W WO 2016123846 A1 WO2016123846 A1 WO 2016123846A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve body
oil
oil inlet
passage
metering
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/075047
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
万明敏
姚建设
王豪
朱立云
高智
Original Assignee
芜湖金牛信泰石油设备有限公司
克拉玛依市金牛信泰石油设备有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 芜湖金牛信泰石油设备有限公司, 克拉玛依市金牛信泰石油设备有限公司 filed Critical 芜湖金牛信泰石油设备有限公司
Priority to DE112015006109.6T priority Critical patent/DE112015006109B4/de
Priority to RU2017124633A priority patent/RU2673210C1/ru
Priority to CA2974224A priority patent/CA2974224C/en
Priority to US15/549,020 priority patent/US10041599B2/en
Publication of WO2016123846A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016123846A1/zh
Priority to NO20171424A priority patent/NO345310B1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/08—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only taps or cocks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/06—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements
    • F16K11/072—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with pivoted closure members
    • F16K11/074—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with pivoted closure members with flat sealing faces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F16K27/04—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of sliding valves
    • F16K27/044—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of sliding valves slide valves with flat obturating members
    • F16K27/045—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of sliding valves slide valves with flat obturating members with pivotal obturating members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F16K27/06—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of taps or cocks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K3/00—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing
    • F16K3/02—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with flat sealing faces; Packings therefor
    • F16K3/16—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with flat sealing faces; Packings therefor with special arrangements for separating the sealing faces or for pressing them together
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/44—Mechanical actuating means
    • F16K31/60—Handles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a multi-way valve and a multi-way valve ⁇ , belonging to the field of oil and gas gathering and transportation systems such as petroleum and chemical industry.
  • the multi-way valve is an important component in the crude oil mining equipment.
  • the multi-way valve has a plurality of oil ports, and the plurality of oil ports are connected with a pipeline for conveying oil (including a metering pipeline, a liquid pipeline, and a gathering pipeline).
  • the Chinese patent No. 201320031213.1 provides a multi-way valve.
  • the upper valve body of the multi-way valve is arranged with a plurality of oil ports along its circumferential direction, and the corresponding metering line and the liquid supply line need to be along the circumferential direction of the upper valve body. Arranged to connect to the port.
  • the circumferential arrangement of the metering line and the incoming liquid line makes the multi-way valve ⁇ (line, multi-way valve and fixed parts collectively called multi-way valve ⁇ ) occupy a large space, and the pipeline arrangement is relatively complicated.
  • the rotary valve core of the multi-way valve passes through the assembly holes of the upper valve body and the lower valve body, and is mounted on the upper valve body and the lower valve body through the rolling bearing, and the rotary valve core expands at a high temperature, thereby The diameter and length of the rotary valve core have a large increase, especially the increase of the length of the rotary valve core is more obvious.
  • the rolling bearing can be set with a certain axial clearance during installation to compensate for the increase of the length of the rotary spool, but This kind of compensation is limited and only applies to the case where the rotary spool has a small elongation.
  • the axial clearance of the rolling bearing cannot be compensated for so that the rotary spool It is close to the rolling bearing, so that the rotating spool does not rotate smoothly or even jams.
  • multi-way valves are also prone to oil leakage. To solve the above problems, you need to consider the following points:
  • the rotary valve core is radially positioned to prevent the rotary valve core from being stuck with the upper valve body and the lower valve body or being inconsistent due to the inconsistent expansion caused by the temperature difference between the inside and the outside.
  • the present invention provides a multi-way valve which optimizes its internal structure and rationally arranges its oil port position, thereby enabling the oil pipe connected thereto
  • the road occupies less space and a smaller area.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
  • a multi-way valve includes an upper valve body, a lower valve body, and a rotary valve core, the rotary valve core including a shaft-shaped spool body and a projection protruding radially from the spool body, the rotation
  • the valve core is provided with an oil guiding passage, one end of the oil guiding passage passes through the protruding portion and faces the upper end of the lower valve body to form an oil inlet thereof, and the other end penetrates the lower end of the valve body to form An oil outlet;
  • the lower valve body is provided with a plurality of oil inlet passages and a metering passage, and the plurality of oil inlet passages penetrate through the lower end and the upper end of the lower valve body to form a corresponding oil inlet and an oil outlet thereof,
  • the oil outlet of the oil inlet passage is located on a circle centered on the axial center of the spool body, and the distance from the oil inlet port of the oil guiding passage to the shaft center is a radius, so that the valve body is
  • the metering channel and the plurality of oil inlet channels are vertical channels to make the oil inlet channel and the oil guiding channel abut when the oil guiding channel is docked with the oil inlet channel And the metering passage forms a U-shaped flow passage through which the oil passes.
  • the upper valve body is internally formed with a cavity communicating with the oil inlet passage, the outer portion of which is a cylindrical surface, and the upper valve body is formed with an outer surface extending outward from the upper valve body and a gathering conduit in which the cavities are in communication.
  • the upper valve body and the lower valve body respectively have a coaxial upper mounting hole and a lower mounting hole, and an upper end of the valve core body passes through and protrudes from the upper mounting hole, and a lower end thereof is located at the bottom In the mounting hole;
  • the spool body under the upper valve body is formed with a first stepped surface facing the upper valve body, and the lower mounting hole is provided with an adjustment under the spool body a nut, the adjusting nut is screwed to the hole wall of the lower mounting hole, and the rotating valve core is moved up and down by adjusting the adjusting nut to adjust an axis between the first step surface and the upper valve body To the gap.
  • an upper bushing is disposed between the upper mounting hole and the spool body; a lower bushing is disposed between the lower mounting hole and the spool body; and the spool body is formed with a second stepped surface abutting the upper end of the lower sleeve, a lower end of the lower sleeve protruding from a lower end of the spool body to abut the adjusting nut against a lower end of the lower sleeve;
  • the upper shaft set is disposed under the upper valve body a portion such that the first stepped surface abuts against a lower end of the upper sleeve when the spool body moves upward.
  • the upper end of the lower sleeve is radially extended to form a flange, and opposite sides of the flange abut against the upper outer edges of the second step surface and the lower mounting hole, respectively; a plurality of limiting holes are formed in the blue disk, and the lower valve body is screwed with a plurality of positioning screws respectively passing through the limiting holes, and the radial dimension of the limiting hole is larger than the screw of the positioning screw The maximum radial dimension of the cap.
  • annular gap is formed between the hole wall of the upper mounting hole located at an upper portion of the upper valve body and the valve body, the annular gap is filled with a sealing filler, and the spool body is sleeved A compression sleeve is provided, which is pressed against the sealing packing and pre-tensioned by fasteners.
  • abutment end of the oil guiding passage and the oil inlet passage is provided with a valve seat ring
  • a third step surface is formed on an inner wall of the oil guiding passage
  • the valve seat ring and the third step surface are a hexagonal nut disposed on the third step surface is disposed in the oil guiding passage
  • the hexagonal nut is disposed on a disc spring deformed by the hexagonal nut to generate an axial force
  • a lower side of the disc spring is disposed under the action of the disc spring to push the thrust ring of the seat ring downward.
  • the invention also discloses a multi-way valve, comprising a metering pipeline, a plurality of liquid pipelines and the above-mentioned multi-way valve, wherein the liquid pipeline and the metering pipeline are arranged at a lower end of the lower valve body One side, and the liquid supply line is connected to the oil inlet passage, and the metering line is connected to the metering passage.
  • an oil inlet of the oil inlet passage and a metering port of the metering passage protrude from a lower end of the lower valve body, and an oil inlet of the oil inlet passage and the liquid supply line and the The metering port of the metering channel and the metering line are respectively connected by a clamp or a quick connector.
  • the multi-way valve of the present invention and its multi-way valve have the beneficial effects of:
  • the plurality of oil inlet passages and metering passages of the multi-way valve of the present invention penetrate to the lower end of the lower valve body, so that the pipeline is connected to the same side of the multi-way valve, and the structure makes the pipeline arrangement simple and multi-way.
  • the valve ⁇ line, multi-way valve and fixed parts are called multi-way valve ⁇ ) occupy small space and area.
  • the axial gap between the first step surface of the rotary valve core of the multi-way valve of the present invention and the upper valve body is actually the axial clearance of the rotary valve core (or the spool body, the same below) Therefore, the axial clearance of the rotary spool can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting nut. More importantly, when the ambient temperature changes, the rotary spool can be supplemented by rotating the adjusting nut to change the axial position of the rotary spool. The amount of change, so that the rotating spool has a reasonable axial clearance, so that the rotary spool can flexibly rotate at different temperatures.
  • the rotary spool is radially positioned by the upper bushing disposed on the upper valve body and the lower bushing disposed on the lower valve body, thereby enabling the rotary spool to withstand a certain radial load
  • the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve are simple in structure and convenient to install.
  • the upper valve body of the multi-way valve and the rotary valve core are filled with a sealing packing, which can effectively prevent the oil in the multi-way valve from leaking from the upper valve body.
  • the seal is reliable and can be used for a long time without maintenance.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a multi-way valve of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged view of a portion A of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged view of a portion B of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged view of a portion C of Figure 1;
  • Figure 5 is a left side view of Figure 1;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the multi-way valve of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a left side view of Figure 6.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-way valve for use in an oil recovery environment under high temperature and high pressure, the multi-way valve including an upper valve body 10, a lower valve body 20, and a rotary valve.
  • the core 30, the upper valve body 10 and the lower valve body 20 are mounted together, and the upper valve body 10 and the lower valve body 20 are sealed by a sealing structure or a seal.
  • the rotary valve core 30 includes a shaft-shaped spool body 31 and a projection 32 protruding radially from the spool body 31.
  • the rotary valve core 30 is provided with an oil guiding passage 33, and one end of the oil guiding passage 33 penetrates the protruding portion 32.
  • the lower end of the core body 31 is formed to form an oil outlet thereof, and the lower valve body 20 is provided with a plurality of oil inlet passages 21 and a metering passage 22, and the plurality of oil inlet passages 21 penetrate the lower end and the upper end of the lower valve body 20 to form a corresponding inlet thereof.
  • the oil port and the oil outlet, the oil outlet of the oil inlet passage 21 is located at the center of the axial center of the valve body 31, and the distance from the oil inlet port of the oil guiding passage 33 to the axial center is a circle of a radius to make the valve
  • the oil guiding passage 33 can be docked with any one of the oil inlet passages 21, one end of the metering passage 22 penetrates to the lower end of the lower valve body 20 to form a metering port thereof, and the other end communicates with the oil outlet hole of the oil guiding passage 33.
  • the multi-way valve of the present invention optimizes its own structure, and the plurality of oil inlet passages 21 and the metering passages 22 of the multi-way valve penetrate to the lower end of the lower valve body 20, so that the pipelines are connected to the same side of the multi-way valve, which
  • the structure makes the pipeline arrangement simple, and the multi-way valve ⁇ (multi-way valve, pipeline and fixed parts collectively called multi-way valve ⁇ ) occupy small space and area.
  • the structure of the multi-way valve is convenient for casting processing, saves processing cost, and has the advantages of convenient disassembly and easy maintenance.
  • the oil inlet passage 21 and the metering passage 22 may be curved passages or vertical passages for smoothing the flow of oil therein and reducing processing costs.
  • the metering passage 22 And the plurality of oil inlet passages 21 are vertical passages, so that when the oil guiding passages 33 are butted against the oil inlet passages 21, the butted oil inlet passages 21, the oil guiding passages 33 and the metering passages 22 can form an oil supply liquid. Pass the U-shaped flow path.
  • the structure and shape of the upper valve body 10 and the lower valve body 20 may be various.
  • the lower valve body 20 is provided as a disk.
  • the outer structure of the upper valve body 10 is a cylindrical surface, and a cavity is formed therein, the cavity is in communication with the oil inlet passage 21, and the upper valve body 10 is formed with a collecting duct 11, one end of the collecting pipeline 11 and an upper valve
  • the cavity in the body 10 communicates to communicate with the oil inlet conduit 21, and the other end projects outwardly from the outer periphery of the upper valve body 10.
  • the multi-way valve projects in the tangential direction of the outer circumference of the upper valve body 10, and the multi-way valve is suitable for horizontal placement, that is, the state of the multi-way valve shown in Fig. 5.
  • the oil outlet of 21 is almost in the same plane, and the multi-way valve is suitable for vertical placement.
  • the advantage of the above-described collecting pipe 11 is that when the multi-way valve adopts different placement modes, the collecting pipe 11 does not deposit impurities such as sediment inside the multi-way valve.
  • the upper valve body 10 is provided with an upper mounting hole
  • the lower valve body 20 is provided with a lower mounting hole coaxial with the upper mounting hole
  • the lower valve body 20 is The metering channel 22 is connected to the lower mounting hole.
  • the spool body 31 is disposed through the upper mounting hole of the upper valve body 10 and the lower mounting hole of the lower valve body 20, and the upper end of the spool body 31 protrudes from the upper valve body 10, and the lower end thereof extends into the lower valve body 20.
  • an adjusting nut 60 abutting against the lower end of the spool body 31 is not disposed in the lower mounting hole into which the spool body 31 is inserted, and the adjusting nut 60 is a hexagonal nut having an external thread at the outer periphery thereof.
  • the adjusting nut 60 is screwed to the lower mounting hole; an annular first step surface 34 facing the upper valve body 10 is formed on the spool body 31 near the lower end of the upper valve body 10, and the spool body 31 is equivalent to one having an axis A stepped shaft of the shoulder, the first stepped surface 34 corresponding to the shoulder of the stepped shaft.
  • a special tool is used to extend from the metering passage 22 to adjust the adjusting nut 60 to move the rotary spool 30 up and down to adjust the axial gap between the first stepped surface 34 and the upper valve body 10.
  • the axial gap between the first stepped surface 34 and the upper valve body 10 is actually the axial clearance of the rotary spool 30 (or the spool body 31, the same below), that is, the rotary valve.
  • the amount of axial turbulence of the core 30 is equal to the amount of axial clearance from the upper valve body 10.
  • the rotary spool 30 of the multi-way valve of the present invention has an adjustable axial clearance and a large adjustment range. Therefore, the rotary spool 30 can realize flexible rotation in a large temperature range, especially in a high temperature environment. By rotating the adjusting nut 60, the rotary spool 30 is not caught by the excessive amount of elongation.
  • an upper sleeve 80 and a lower mounting hole are disposed between the upper mounting hole and the spool body 31.
  • a lower bushing 70 is disposed between the spool body 31, and the upper bushing 80 is interference-fitted with the upper valve body 10 and the upper bushing 80 is clearance-fitted with the rotary spool 30 to prevent the upper bushing 80 from following the spool body
  • the hardness of the upper sleeve 80 and the lower sleeve 70 is smaller than the hardness of the spool body 31 so that the wear amount of the spool body 31 is smaller than the wear amount of the upper sleeve 80 and the lower sleeve 70, and the spool body 31 is prevented.
  • the upper sleeve 80 and the lower sleeve 70 scratch the surface of the spool body 31 when rotated.
  • the hardness of the spool body 31 is the same as that of the upper sleeve 80 and the lower sleeve 70, the spool body 31 is easily caught, and the spool body 31 and the upper sleeve 80 and the lower sleeve 70 have a hardness difference.
  • the rotation of the spool body 31 is more flexible, and the spool body 31 can be effectively prevented from being stuck.
  • the hardness of the spool body 31 is different from the hardness of the upper sleeve 80 and the lower sleeve 70: HRC5 to HRC6.
  • the spool body 31 is formed with a second stepped surface 35 that abuts against the upper end of the lower sleeve 70, and the lower end of the lower sleeve 70 protrudes from the lower end of the spool body 31 and Abutting against the adjusting nut 60;
  • the upper bushing 80 is disposed at a lower portion of the upper valve body 10, and the upper bushing 80 is specifically disposed such that when the spool body 31 moves upward, the first stepped surface 34 and the upper sleeve 80 are The lower end abuts.
  • the adjusting nut 60 moves the spool body 31 up and down by pushing against the lower bushing 70 to prevent the rotation of the spool body 31 by the adjusting nut 60 directly abutting against the spool body 31.
  • the resistance is generated, and since the spool body 31 moves upward and abuts against the upper sleeve 80 without abutting against the lower end of the upper valve body 10, the lower end of the upper valve body 10 does not need to be processed, which saves processing costs.
  • the upper end of the lower bushing 70 radially outwardly forms a flange 71, a flange
  • the opposite sides of the disc 71 respectively abut against the upper edge of the second step surface 35 and the lower mounting hole;
  • the flange 71 is provided with a plurality of limiting holes, and the lower valve body 20 is threadedly connected with a plurality of respectively passing through the limit
  • the positioning screw 72 of the hole has a radial dimension greater than a maximum radial dimension of the nut of the set screw 72.
  • the lower bushing 70 does not rotate with the spool body 31 due to the limitation of the set screw 72.
  • the lower bushing 70 and the lower valve body A seal ring is disposed between the 20 and between the lower sleeve 70 and the spool body 31.
  • a counterbore is formed in the upper end of the upper mounting hole, and the hole wall of the counterbore forms an annular gap with the valve body 31, and the sealing gap 100 is filled in the annular gap (the material of the sealing filler 100 may be graphite), and the sleeve is used.
  • the pressure sleeve 101 disposed on the valve body 31 is pressed against the sealing packing 100 and pre-tensioned by the fastener so that the pressure sleeve 101 always maintains a certain pressure on the sealing packing 100.
  • the fastener in this embodiment is a thread.
  • a stud stud connected to the upper end surface of the upper valve body 10 and a nut 102 sleeved on the stud bolt, the pressure of the gland 101 against the seal packing 100 is adjusted by the rotating nut 102, so that the seal packing 100 can be different It has a good seal under temperature and pressure conditions.
  • a valve seat ring 90 is disposed at the abutting end of the oil guiding passage 33 and the oil inlet passage 21, and a third step surface 36 is formed on the inner wall of the oil guiding passage 33, and the valve seat ring 90 and the third step surface are formed.
  • a hexagonal nut 91 located on the third step surface 36 is disposed in the oil guiding passage 33 between the 36, and the hexagonal nut 91 is disposed on the hexagonal nut 91 to be deformed by the hexagonal nut 91 to generate an axial force.
  • Below the spring 92 is disposed under the action of the disc spring 92 to push the thrust ring 93 of the seat ring 90 downward.
  • the adjusting nut 60 Before operating the multi-way valve in a high temperature and high pressure environment, the adjusting nut 60 is rotated counterclockwise by a special tool to rotate it by 70°-90°, so that the axial clearance of the rotary valve core 30 is maintained at 0.58 mm-0.75 mm. Thus, when the multi-way valve is operated under high temperature and high pressure, the rotary spool 30 still has sufficient axial clearance for thermal rotation after thermal expansion.
  • the invention also discloses a multi-way valve ⁇ , as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 5, the multi-way valve includes a plurality of liquid supply lines 42, a metering line 41, a collecting pipeline and a fixing component, and the above
  • the multi-way valve, the plurality of liquid supply lines 42 and the metering line 41 are all disposed on one side of the lower end of the lower valve body 20, and the plurality of liquid supply lines 42 are connected to the plurality of oil inlet passages 21 one by one, and the metering line 41 and The metering channels 22 are connected, and the collecting lines are connected to the collecting pipes 11.
  • the oil inlet port of the oil inlet passage 21 and the metering port of the metering passage 22 protrude from the lower end of the lower valve body 20, and the oil inlet port of the oil inlet pipe 21 and the liquid supply line 42 and the metering channel 22 are
  • the metering port and the metering line 41 are respectively connected by a clamp 50 or a quick joint, and the pipeline is made by the clamp 50 or the quick joint (the manner shown by the clamp 50 is shown in FIGS. 1, 5, 6, and 7). The connection is more convenient and faster.
  • the advantages of the multi-way valve of the present invention and its multi-way valve are:
  • the plurality of oil inlet passages 21 and the metering passages 22 of the multi-way valve of the present invention both penetrate to the lower end of the lower valve body 20, so that the pipelines are connected to the same side of the multi-way valve, and the structure makes the pipeline arrangement simple.
  • the multi-way valve ⁇ multi-way valve, pipeline and fixed parts are collectively referred to as multi-way valve ⁇
  • the invention optimizes the structure of the multi-way valve, makes the multi-way valve easier to cast, saves processing cost, and is simple and convenient to disassemble and maintain.
  • the oil inlet pipe and the metering pipe of the multi-way valve are connected to the pipeline by using a quick joint or a clamp 50, which changes the way of connecting through the flange in the prior art, so that the connection is faster and more convenient.
  • the axial gap between the first step surface 34 of the rotary valve core 30 of the multi-way valve of the present invention and the upper valve body 10 is actually the rotary valve core 30 (or the spool body 31, the same below).
  • the axial clearance therefore, the axial clearance of the rotary spool 30 can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting nut 60, and more importantly, when the ambient temperature changes, the axis of the rotary spool 30 can be changed by rotating the adjusting nut 60.
  • the amount of change in the length of the rotary spool 30 is supplemented to the position such that the rotary spool 30 always has a reasonable axial play, thereby enabling the rotary spool 30 to flexibly rotate at different temperatures.
  • the rotary spool 30 is radially positioned by the upper bushing 80 disposed on the upper valve body 10 and the lower bushing 70 disposed on the lower valve body 20, thereby rotating the spool 30 It can withstand a certain radial load, and the upper sleeve 80 and the lower sleeve 70 are simple in structure and convenient to install.
  • the upper valve body 10 of the multi-way valve and the rotary valve core 30 are filled with a sealing packing 100, which can effectively prevent oil in the multi-way valve from the upper valve body 10. Leakage, this form of seal is reliable and can be used for a long time without maintenance.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)
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Abstract

一种多路阀及多路阀撬被公开。多路阀包括上阀体（10）、下阀体（20）以及旋转阀芯（30）。所述旋转阀芯包括阀芯本体（31）和凸出部（32），所述旋转阀芯开设有贯通凸出部和阀芯本体的导油通道（33）；所述下阀体开设有多个进油通道（21），多个所述进油通道贯通所述下阀体的下端和上端；所述进油通道的出油口位于以所述阀芯本体的轴心为圆心以所述导油通道的进油口至轴心的距离为半径的圆上，以使当所述阀芯本体旋转时所述导油通道能够与任何一个所述进油通道对接。多路阀中的多个进油通道贯通至下阀体的下端，从而使得管线连接后位于多路阀的同一侧，这种结构使得管线布置简单，多路阀撬占用空间和面积小。

Description

多路阀及其多路阀撬 技术领域
本发明涉及一种多路阀及其多路阀撬，属于石油、化工等油气集输系统领域。
背景技术
多路阀是原油开采设备中的重要部件，多路阀上具有多个油口，多个油口均连接有用于输送油液的管线(包括计量管线、来液管线以及集输管线)。申请号为201320031213.1的中国专利提供了一种多路阀，该多路阀的上阀体沿其周向布置有多个油口，对应的计量管线和来液管线需要沿上阀体的周向布置以便与油口连接。然而，计量管线和来液管线这种周向布置的方式使得多路阀撬(管线、多路阀以及固定部件合称多路阀撬)占有空间较大，管线布置比较复杂。另外，该多路阀的旋转阀芯穿设上阀体和下阀体的装配孔，并通过滚动轴承安装在上阀体和下阀体上，在高温下，旋转阀芯会发生膨胀，从而使旋转阀芯的直径和长度都有较大幅度的增加，特别是旋转阀芯的长度增加的更为明显，滚动轴承在安装时可设置一定的轴向游隙以补偿旋转阀芯长度的增加，但是这种补偿是有限的，只适用于旋转阀芯具有较小伸长量的情况，当旋转阀芯在高温环境下具有较大伸长量时，滚动轴承的轴向游隙无法补偿使得旋转阀芯紧抵滚动轴承，从而旋转阀芯转动不顺畅甚至卡死。此外，在高温高压环境下，多路阀还容易产生漏油现象，为解决上述难题，需要考虑一下几点：
1、需要对多路阀的内部结构进行合理优化，以改变管线的布置方式。
2、设置合理的旋转阀芯的轴向游隙以防止旋转阀芯因上述原因在旋转时卡死。
3、采用安全可靠的密封以防止漏油，并使其便于维修。。
4、旋转阀芯径向定位以防止旋转阀芯与上阀体和下阀体粘接或因内外温差引起的膨胀不一致而导致的卡死。
5、加快管线与多路阀的连接速度，改变原有的法兰连接。
6、降低加工和安装成本。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种多路阀，该多路阀优化了其内部结构，并对其油口位置进行了合理的布置，从而能够使与其连接的输油管路占有较小空间和较小面积。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案是：
一种多路阀，包括上阀体、下阀体以及旋转阀芯，所述旋转阀芯包括轴状的阀芯本体以及径向凸出于所述阀芯本体的凸出部，所述旋转阀芯开设有导油通道，所述导油通道的一端贯通所述凸出部并朝向所述下阀体的上端以形成其进油口，另一端贯通所述阀芯本体的下端以形成其出油口；所述下阀体开设有多个进油通道和一个计量通道，多个所述进油通道贯通所述下阀体的下端和上端以对应形成其进油口和出油口，所述进油通道的出油口位于以所述阀芯本体的轴心为圆心，以所述导油通道的进油口至轴心的距离为半径的圆上以使当所述阀芯本体旋转时所述导油通道能够与任何一个所述进油通道对接，所述计量通道的一端贯通所述下阀体的下端以形成其计量口，另一端与所述导油通道的出油口连通。
优选地，所述计量通道和多个所述进油通道均为竖直通道以使当所述导油通道与所述进油通道对接时所对接的所述进油通道、所述导油通道以及计量通道形成一条供油液通过的U型流道。
优选地，所述上阀体内部形成有与所述进油通道连通的空腔，其外部为圆柱面，所述上阀体上形成有自所述上阀体的外周向外伸出且与所述空腔连通的集输管道。
优选地，所述上阀体和所述下阀体分别开设有同轴的上安装孔和下安装孔，所述阀芯本体的上端穿过并伸出所述上安装孔，其下端位于所述下安装孔中；位于所述上阀体下方的所述阀芯本体形成有朝向所述上阀体的第一台阶面，所述下安装孔中设置有位于所述阀芯本体下方的调节螺母，所述调节螺母与所述下安装孔的孔壁螺纹连接，通过调整所述调节螺母使所述旋转阀芯上下移动以调节所述第一台阶面与所述上阀体之间的轴向间隙。
优选地，所述上安装孔与所述阀芯本体之间装设有上轴套；所述下安装孔与所述阀芯本体之间装设有下轴套；所述阀芯本体形成有与所述下轴套的上端抵靠的第二台阶面，所述下轴套的下端凸出于所述阀芯本体的下端以使所述调节螺母抵靠在所述下轴套的下端；所述上轴套装设在所述上阀体的下 部以使当所述阀芯本体向上移动时，所述第一台阶面与所述上轴套的下端抵靠。
优选地，所述下轴套的上端径向外延形成法兰盘，所述法兰盘相对的两面分别与所述第二台阶面和所述下安装孔的上外缘相抵接；所述法兰盘上开设有多个限位孔，所述下阀体螺纹连接有多个分别穿过所述限位孔的定位螺钉，且所述限位孔的径向尺寸大于所述定位螺钉的螺帽的最大径向尺寸。
优选地，位于所述上阀体的上部的所述上安装孔的孔壁与所述阀芯本体之间形成有环形间隙，所述环形间隙中填充有密封填料，所述阀芯本体上套设有压套，所述压套抵压在所述密封填料上，并通过紧固件预紧。
优选地，所述导油通道与所述进油通道的对接端设置有阀座环，所述导油通道的内壁上形成第三台阶面，所述阀座环与所述第三台阶面之间的所述导油通道内设置位于所述第三台阶面上的内六角螺母，所述内六角螺母上设置在所述内六角螺母的作用下变形产生轴向力的碟形弹簧，所述碟形弹簧的下方设置在所述碟形弹簧的作用下向下顶推所述阀座环的推力环。
本发明还公开了一种多路阀撬，包括一条计量管线、多条来液管线以及上述的多路阀，所述来液管线以及所述计量管线均布置在所述下阀体的下端的一侧，且所述来液管线与所述进油通道连接，计量管线与所述计量通道连接。
优选地，所述进油通道的进油口以及所述计量通道的计量口均突出于所述下阀体的下端，且所述进油通道的进油口与所述来液管线以及所述计量通道的计量口与所述计量管线分别通过卡箍或快速接头连接。
与现有技术相比，本发明的多路阀及其多路阀撬的有益效果是：
1、本发明的多路阀中的多个进油通道和计量通道均贯通至下阀体的下端，从而使得管线连接后位于多路阀的同一侧，这种结构使得管线布置简单，多路阀撬(管线、多路阀以及固定部件合称多路阀撬)占用空间和面积小。
2本发明的多路阀的旋转阀芯的第一台阶面与所述上阀体之间的轴向间隙实际上就是旋转阀芯(或者说是阀芯本体，下同)的轴向游隙，因此，可以通过旋转调节螺母来调节旋转阀芯的轴向游隙，更重要的是，当环境温度发生变化时，可以通过旋转调节螺母改变旋转阀芯的轴向位置来补充旋转阀芯长度的变化量，从而使旋转阀芯总具有合理的轴向游隙，进而使旋转阀芯在不同温度下均能够灵活转动。
3、本发明的优选实施例中，通过设置在上阀体的上轴套和设置在下阀体上的下轴套使旋转阀芯径向定位，从而使旋转阀芯能够承受一定的径向载荷，且上轴套和下轴套的结构简单、安装方便。
4、本发明的优选实施例中，多路阀的上阀体与旋转阀芯之间填充有密封填料，该密封填料能够有效防止多路阀内的油液从上阀体泄露，这种形式的密封安装可靠，可长期使用，免维修。
附图说明
图1为本发明的多路阀的一个实施例的结构示意图；
图2为图1的A部分的放大视图；
图3为图1的B部分的放大视图；
图4为图1的C部分的放大视图；
图5为图1的左视图；
图6为本发明的多路阀的另一个实施例的结构示意图；
图7为图6的左视图。
图中：
10-上阀体；11-集输管道；20-下阀体；21-进油通道；22-计量通道；30-旋转阀芯；31-阀芯本体；32-凸出部；33-导油通道；34-第一台阶面；35-第二台阶面；36-第三台阶面；41-计量管线；42-来液管线；50-卡箍；60-调节螺母；70-下轴套；71-法兰盘；72-定位螺钉；80-上轴套；90-阀座环；91-内六角螺母；92-碟形弹簧；93-推力环；100-密封填料；101-压套；102-螺母。
具体实施方式
为使本领域技术人员更好的理解本发明的技术方案，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作详细说明。
如图1所示，本发明的实施例提供了一种多路阀，该多路阀用于高温高压下的采油环境中，该多路阀包括上阀体10、下阀体20以及旋转阀芯30，上阀体10与下阀体20安装在一起，且上阀体10与下阀体20间通过密封结构或密封件实现密封。旋转阀芯30包括轴状的阀芯本体31以及径向凸出于阀芯本体31的凸出部32，旋转阀芯30开设有导油通道33，导油通道33的一端贯通凸出部32并朝向下阀体20的上端以形成其进油口，另一端贯通阀 芯本体31的下端以形成其出油口，下阀体20开设有多个进油通道21和一个计量通道22，多个进油通道21贯通下阀体20的下端和上端以对应形成其进油口和出油口，进油通道21的出油口位于以阀芯本体31的轴心为圆心，以导油通道33的进油口至轴心的距离为半径的圆上以使当阀芯本体31旋转时导油通道33能够与任何一个进油通道21对接，计量通道22的一端贯通至下阀体20的下端以形成其计量口，另一端与导油通道33的出油孔连通。
本发明的多路阀优化了自身结构，该多路阀的多个进油通道21和计量通道22均贯通至下阀体20的下端，从而使得管线连接后位于多路阀的同一侧，这种结构使得管线布置简单，多路阀撬(多路阀、管线以及固定部件合称多路阀撬)占用空间和面积小。并且该多路阀的这种结构便于铸造加工、节约了加工成本，且具有拆卸方便、易于维护等优点。
进油通道21和计量通道22可以是弯曲通道或竖直通道，为使其内的油液流通顺畅以及降低加工成本，在本发明的一个优选实施例中，如图1所示，计量通道22和多个进油通道21均为竖直通道，如此，当导油通道33与进油通道21对接时，所对接的进油通道21、导油通道33以及计量通道22能够形成一条供油液通过的U型流道。
上阀体10和下阀体20的结构和外形可以有多种，在本发明的一个优选实施例中，如图1、图5、图6以及图7所示，下阀体20设置成盘状结构，上阀体10的外部为圆柱面，其内形成空腔，该空腔与进油通道21连通，并且上阀体10形成有集输管道11，集输管道11的一端与上阀体10内的空腔连通，进而与进油管道21连通，另一端自上阀体10的外周向外伸出。如图1和图5所示的多路阀的集输管道11沿上阀体10的外周的切线方向伸出，该多路阀适合水平放置，即：图5所示的多路阀的状态朝左旋转90°放置；图6和图7所示的多路阀的集输管道11由上阀体10的外周的中部径向伸出，且集输管道11端口的下缘与进油通道21的出油口几乎位于同一平面，该多路阀适合竖直放置。如此设置上述集输管道11的优势在于：多路阀采用不同的放置方式时，集输管道11使得多路阀内部均不会沉积泥沙等杂质。
在本发明的一个优选实施例中，如图1-3所示，上阀体10开设有上安装孔，下阀体20开设有与上安装孔同轴的下安装孔，下阀体20上的计量通道22与下安装孔贯通。阀芯本体31穿设上阀体10的上安装孔和下阀体20的下安装孔，且阀芯本体31的上端伸出上阀体10，其下端伸入下阀体20的下 安装孔的一段；未被阀芯本体31伸入的下安装孔中设置有抵靠在阀芯本体31的下端的调节螺母60，该调节螺母60为内六角螺母，其外周开设有外螺纹，调节螺母60与下安装孔螺纹连接；在靠近上阀体10的下端的阀芯本体31上形成一个朝向上阀体10的环形的第一台阶面34，该阀芯本体31相当于一个具有轴肩的阶梯轴，该第一台阶面34相当于阶梯轴的轴肩。如此，使用专用工具从计量通道22伸入来调整调节螺母60使旋转阀芯30上下移动以调节第一台阶面34与上阀体10之间的轴向间隙。
由上述可知，第一台阶面34与上阀体10之间的轴向间隙实际上就是旋转阀芯30(或者说是阀芯本体31，下同)的轴向游隙，也就是说旋转阀芯30轴向窜动量等于与上阀体10的轴向间隙量。通过旋转调节螺母60以补偿旋转阀芯30因不同温度产生的不同伸长量，使不同温度下的旋转阀芯30均具有合理的轴向游隙，从而使旋转阀芯30在不同温度下均能够灵活转动。
本发明的多路阀的旋转阀芯30的轴向游隙可调，且调节范围较大，因此，旋转阀芯30在较大温度范围内均能够实现灵活转动，特别是在高温环境下，通过旋转调节螺母60使旋转阀芯30不会因其伸长量过大而被卡死。
为实现旋转阀芯30的径向定位，在本发明的一个优选实施例中，如图1-3所示，上安装孔与阀芯本体31之间装设有上轴套80，下安装孔与阀芯本体31之间装设有下轴套70，且上轴套80与上阀体10过盈配合以及上轴套80与旋转阀芯30间隙配合以防止上轴套80随阀芯本体31一同转动，上轴套80和下轴套70的硬度小于阀芯本体31的硬度以便阀芯本体31的磨损量小于上轴套80和下轴套70的磨损量，并防止阀芯本体31在转动时，上轴套80和下轴套70划伤阀芯本体31的表面。更重要的是，若阀芯本体31与上轴套80和下轴套70的硬度相同容易使阀芯本体31卡死，阀芯本体31与上轴套80和下轴套70具有硬度差会使阀芯本体31的转动更加灵活，能有效防止阀芯本体31卡死，优选地，阀芯本体31的硬度与上轴套80和下轴套70的硬度差为：HRC5～HRC6。本实施例中，阀芯本体31形成有第二台阶面35，该第二台阶面35与下轴套70的上端抵靠，且下轴套70的下端凸出于阀芯本体31的下端并与调节螺母60抵靠；上轴套80装设在上阀体10的下部，且上轴套80具体位置设置成当阀芯本体31向上移动时，第一台阶面34与上轴套80的下端抵靠。如此，调节螺母60通过推抵下轴套70使阀芯本体31上下移动以防止因调节螺母60与阀芯本体31直接抵靠而对阀芯本体31的旋转 产生阻力，并且由于阀芯本体31向上移动后与上轴套80抵靠而不与上阀体10的下端抵靠，上阀体10的下端无需加工，节省了加工成本。
为防止下轴套70随旋转阀芯30一同转动，在本发明的一个优选实施例中，如图1和图2所示，下轴套70的上端径向外延形成法兰盘71，法兰盘71相对的两面分别与第二台阶面35和下安装孔的上外缘相抵接；法兰盘71上开设有多个限位孔，下阀体20螺纹连接有多个分别穿过限位孔的定位螺钉72，且限位孔的径向尺寸大于定位螺钉72的螺帽的最大径向尺寸。如此，由于定位螺钉72的限制使得下轴套70不会随阀芯本体31一同转动。为防止多路阀内的油液从下轴套70与下阀体20的间隙中以及下轴套70与阀芯本体31的间隙中泄露，在本实施中，下轴套70与下阀体20之间以及下轴套70与阀芯本体31之间均设置有密封圈。
为防止多路阀内的油液从上阀体10与阀芯本体31之间的间隙中泄露，需要在上阀体10与阀芯本体31之间形成密封，具体地，如图1所示，在上安装孔上端开设一个沉孔，该沉孔的孔壁与阀芯本体31形成了一个环形间隙，在该环形间隙中填充密封填料100(密封填料100的材质可以为石墨)，用套设在阀芯本体31上的压套101抵压在密封填料100上，并通过紧固件预紧以使压套101始终对密封填料100保持一定压力，本实施例中的紧固件为螺纹连接在上阀体10上端面上的双头螺柱和套设在双头螺柱上的螺母102，通过旋转螺母102调节压套101对密封填料100的压力，进而使密封填料100能够在不同温度、压强条件下均起到良好的密封。
在本发明的一个优选实施例中，当阀芯本体31旋转至使导油通道33与其中一个进油通道21对接的位置时，为使导油通道33与进油通道21实现密封，如图1和图4所示，在导油通道33与进油通道21的对接端设置有阀座环90，导油通道33的内壁上形成第三台阶面36，阀座环90与第三台阶面36之间的导油通道33内设置位于第三台阶面36上的内六角螺母91，内六角螺母91上设置在内六角螺母91的作用下变形产生轴向力的碟形弹簧92，碟形弹簧92的下方设置在碟形弹簧92的作用下向下顶推阀座环90的推力环93。
多路阀在高温高压环境中工作前，通过专用工具逆时针旋转调节螺母60，使之旋转70°-90°，使旋转阀芯30的轴向游隙保持在0.58mm-0.75mm， 如此，多路阀在高温高压下工作时，旋转阀芯30在热膨胀后仍有足够的轴向游隙供自身灵活转动。
本发明还公开了一种多路阀撬，如图1和图5所示，该多路阀撬除包括多条来液管线42、计量管线41以及集输管线和固定部件外，还包括上述的多路阀，多条来液管线42以及计量管线41均布置在下阀体20的下端的一侧，且多条来液管线42与多个进油通道21一一对应连接，计量管线41与计量通道22连接，集输管线与集输管道11连接。在本实施例中，进油通道21的进油口以及计量通道22的计量口均突出于下阀体20的下端，且进油管道21的进油口与来液管线42以及计量通道22的计量口与计量管线41分别通过卡箍50或快速接头连接，通过卡箍50或快速接头(图1、图5、图6以及图7中示出的是采用卡箍50连接的方式)使管线连接更加方便、快速。
综上，本发明的多路阀及其多路阀撬的优点是：
1、本发明的多路阀中的多个进油通道21和计量通道22均贯通至下阀体20的下端，从而使得管线连接后位于多路阀的同一侧，这种结构使得管线布置简单，进而使多路阀撬(多路阀、管线以及固定部件合称多路阀撬)占用空间和占地面积小。
2、本发明对多路阀的结构进行了优化，使得多路阀更易于铸造，节约了加工成本，并且拆卸、维护简单方便。
3、本发明的优选实施例中，多路阀的进油管道以及计量管道采用快速接头或卡箍50与管线连接，改变现有技术中通过法兰接连的方式，使连接更加快速和方便
4、本发明的多路阀的旋转阀芯30的第一台阶面34与上阀体10之间的轴向间隙实际上就是旋转阀芯30(或者说是阀芯本体31，下同)的轴向游隙，因此，可以通过旋转调节螺母60来调节旋转阀芯30的轴向游隙，更重要的是，当环境温度发生变化时，可以通过旋转调节螺母60改变旋转阀芯30的轴向位置来补充旋转阀芯30长度的变化量，从而使旋转阀芯30总具有合理的轴向游隙，进而使旋转阀芯30在不同温度下均能够灵活转动。
5、本发明的优选实施例中，通过设置在上阀体10上的上轴套80和设置在下阀体20上的下轴套70使旋转阀芯30径向定位，从而使旋转阀芯30能够承受一定的径向载荷，且上轴套80和下轴套70的结构简单、安装方便。
6、本发明的优选实施例中，多路阀的上阀体10与旋转阀芯30之间填充有密封填料100，该密封填料100能够有效防止多路阀内的油液从上阀体10泄露，这种形式的密封安装可靠，可长期使用，免维修。
以上实施例仅为本发明的示例性实施例，不用于限制本发明，本发明的保护范围由权利要求书限定。本领域技术人员可以在本发明的实质和保护范围内，对本发明做出各种修改或等同替换，这种修改或等同替换也应视为落在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种多路阀，包括上阀体、下阀体以及旋转阀芯，其特征在于，所述旋转阀芯包括轴状的阀芯本体以及径向凸出于所述阀芯本体的凸出部，所述旋转阀芯开设有导油通道，所述导油通道的一端贯通所述凸出部并朝向所述下阀体的上端以形成其进油口，另一端贯通所述阀芯本体的下端以形成其出油口；所述下阀体开设有多个进油通道和一个计量通道，多个所述进油通道贯通所述下阀体的下端和上端以对应形成其进油口和出油口，所述进油通道的出油口位于以所述阀芯本体的轴心为圆心，以所述导油通道的进油口至轴心的距离为半径的圆上以使当所述阀芯本体旋转时所述导油通道能够与任何一个所述进油通道对接，所述计量通道的一端贯通所述下阀体的下端以形成其计量口，另一端与所述导油通道的出油口连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的多路阀，其特征在于，所述计量通道和多个所述进油通道均为竖直通道以使当所述导油通道与所述进油通道对接时所对接的所述进油通道、所述导油通道以及计量通道形成一条供油液通过的U型流道。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的多路阀，其特征在于，所述上阀体内部形成有与所述进油通道连通的空腔，其外部为圆柱面，所述上阀体上形成有自所述上阀体的外周向外伸出且与所述空腔连通的集输管道。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的多路阀，其特征在于，所述上阀体和所述下阀体分别开设有同轴的上安装孔和下安装孔，所述阀芯本体的上端穿过并伸出所述上安装孔，其下端位于所述下安装孔中；位于所述上阀体下方的所述阀芯本体形成有朝向所述上阀体的第一台阶面，所述下安装孔中设置有位于所述阀芯本体下方的调节螺母，所述调节螺母与所述下安装孔的孔壁螺纹连接，通过调整所述调节螺母使所述旋转阀芯上下移动以调节所述第一台阶面与所述上阀体之间的轴向间隙。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的多路阀，其特征在于，所述上安装孔与所述阀芯本体之间装设有上轴套；所述下安装孔与所述阀芯本体之间装设有下轴套；所述阀芯本体形成有与所述下轴套的上端抵靠的第二台阶面，所述下轴套的下端凸出于所述阀芯本体的下端以使所述调节螺母抵靠在所述下轴套的下端；所述上轴套装设在所述上阀体的下部以使当所述阀芯本体向上移动时，所述第一台阶面与所述上轴套的下端抵靠。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的多路阀，其特征在于，所述下轴套的上端径向外延形成法兰盘，所述法兰盘相对的两面分别与所述第二台阶面和所述下安装孔的上外缘相抵接；所述法兰盘上开设有多个限位孔，所述下阀体螺纹连接有多个分别穿过所述限位孔的定位螺钉，且所述限位孔的径向尺寸大于所述定位螺钉的螺帽的最大径向尺寸。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的多路阀，其特征在于，位于所述上阀体的上部的所述上安装孔的孔壁与所述阀芯本体之间形成有环形间隙，所述环形间隙中填充有密封填料，所述阀芯本体上套设有压套，所述压套抵压在所述密封填料上，并通过紧固件预紧。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的多路阀，其特征在于，所述导油通道与所述进油通道的对接端设置有阀座环，所述导油通道的内壁上形成第三台阶面，所述阀座环与所述第三台阶面之间的所述导油通道内设置位于所述第三台阶面上的内六角螺母，所述内六角螺母上设置在所述内六角螺母的作用下变形产生轴向力的碟形弹簧，所述碟形弹簧的下方设置在所述碟形弹簧的作用下向下顶推所述阀座环的推力环。
  9. 一种多路阀撬，包括一条计量管线和多条来液管线，其特征在于，还包括如上述权利要求1-8中任意一项所述的多路阀，所述来液管线以及所述计量管线均布置在所述下阀体的下端的一侧，且所述来液管线与所述进油通道连接，所述计量管线与所述计量通道连接。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的多路阀撬，其特征在于，所述进油通道的进油口以及所述计量通道的计量口均突出于所述下阀体的下端，且所述进油通道的进油口与所述来液管线以及所述计量通道的计量口与所述计量管线分别通过卡箍或快速接头连接。
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