WO2016112738A1 - 轨道列车及其轴箱结构 - Google Patents

轨道列车及其轴箱结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016112738A1
WO2016112738A1 PCT/CN2015/094661 CN2015094661W WO2016112738A1 WO 2016112738 A1 WO2016112738 A1 WO 2016112738A1 CN 2015094661 W CN2015094661 W CN 2015094661W WO 2016112738 A1 WO2016112738 A1 WO 2016112738A1
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Prior art keywords
hole
axle box
box structure
mount
boss
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PCT/CN2015/094661
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王培东
周平宇
周小江
吕晓俊
王大强
Original Assignee
中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201520029183.XU external-priority patent/CN204488814U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201510021416.6A external-priority patent/CN104691570A/zh
Application filed by 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 filed Critical 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司
Priority to GB1612605.4A priority Critical patent/GB2537299B8/en
Priority to US15/112,989 priority patent/US10196075B2/en
Publication of WO2016112738A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016112738A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F15/00—Axle-boxes
    • B61F15/20—Details
    • B61F15/26—Covers; Sealing thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F15/00—Axle-boxes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F15/00—Axle-boxes
    • B61F15/12—Axle-boxes with roller, needle, or ball bearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F15/00—Axle-boxes
    • B61F15/20—Details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/26—Mounting or securing axle-boxes in vehicle or bogie underframes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of rail vehicles, in particular to a rail train and an axle box structure thereof.
  • the axle box structure is the movable joint connecting the frame and the wheel pair. In addition to transmitting the force and vibration in all directions, the axle box structure must ensure that the wheel pair can adapt to the line condition and jump up and down and left and right traverse with respect to the frame.
  • the axle box structure is an important component for connecting the wheel pair and the frame, and the axial structure generally adopts two structures of a boom type and a tie rod type.
  • most rail trains adopt a swing arm axle box structure, wherein the swing arm axle box structure includes an integrated axle box and a rotating arm, that is, a swing arm axle box, and the swing arm axle box includes an axle box body and a positioning node installation.
  • a bearing is arranged inside the axle box body, and an end of the axle is disposed in the axle box through a bearing, and an axle box spring is disposed between the upper end surface of the axle box body and the bogie frame, and the outer wall of the axle box is further provided with a vertical direction
  • the damper mount is used to mount one end of the vertical damper, and the other end of the vertical damper is connected to the frame.
  • the positioning node mount is used to mount the positioning node, and the positioning node is used to transmit the traction force and the braking force between the wheel set and the frame.
  • a brake disc is also mounted on the axle near the inner side of the wheel pair, and a brake clamp for braking the brake disc is also mounted on the frame, wherein the wheelset and the brake disc are required to be able to be driven from the axle during later use. Disassembly and quick replacement.
  • the above-mentioned arm type axle box is installed on the outer side of the wheel pair, that is, the parts mounted on the wheel pair attachment are relatively many, but since the bottom space is limited, the arm type axle box, the brake disc and the brake clamp.
  • the components can only be arranged in a limited space, that is to say, the structure of the above components directly affects the assembly relationship between the components, and even relates to the performance of the entire vehicle. Therefore, optimizing the positional relationship between the arm frame, the brake disc and the brake caliper has been the field. The goal that technicians are constantly pursuing.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a rail train and an axle box structure.
  • the arrangement of the vehicle bottom components is further optimized, and the wheel pair replacement speed can be improved.
  • the invention provides an axle box structure of a rail train, comprising an axle box body and a positioning node mounting seat, wherein the axle box body is provided with a bearing mounting cavity, and the positioning node mounting seat is provided with a mounting cavity for mounting the positioning node.
  • the axle housing is a split structure, comprising a sealing fit upper and lower casings, the upper casing and the lower casing jointly enclosing the bearing installation cavity, and the two are connected by bolts, Positioning the node mount and the upper case integrally formed;
  • a lower end surface of the upper case has axially downwardly extending convex portions, and two outer edges of the upper end surface of the lower case have downward recesses, the upper case and the lower side a first semi-circular hole and a second semi-circular hole are respectively disposed in a middle portion of the box body, and the first semi-circular hole and the second semi-circular hole form the bearing mounting cavity after the convex portion and the concave portion are snap-fitted and assembled .
  • the protrusion further has an outwardly extending first boss, the recess has a second boss extending outwardly, and the first boss is provided with an internally threaded hole, the second boss A through hole is disposed thereon, and the upper case and the lower case are fixedly connected by bolts simultaneously disposed in the through hole and the internally threaded hole.
  • both ends of the first boss have outwardly extending extensions, and the extensions are provided with a vertical damper mounted in cooperation with a vertical damper of the rail train. seat.
  • the positioning pin further includes a middle large diameter section and a small diameter section at both ends of the large diameter section, and the upper end surface of the second boss is further provided with a counterbore, and the large diameter section
  • the height of the hole is smaller than the height of the large hole of the counterbore, and the matching position of the lower end surface of the first boss is also provided with a positioning hole.
  • the outer wall of the upper box is further provided with a wheel pair lifting seat, the wheel pair lifting seat is provided with a vertical lifting hole; and the bottom wall of the lower box is further provided with a row discharging Device mount, A barrier device for installing a fixed rail train.
  • the ends of the upper case and the lower case connecting end cover are respectively provided with a first drainage groove and a second drainage groove circumferentially, and the upper case and the lower case are installed Thereafter, the first drainage groove and the second drainage groove form an annular groove.
  • the positioning node mounting seat is a split structure, including a left mounting seat and a right mounting seat, the left mounting seat is integrally formed with the upper box body, and the left mounting seat and the right mounting seat both have Inwardly recessed portions, when the left mount and the right mount are cooperatively fixed, the two recessed portions form a mounting cavity of the positioning node.
  • the wall of the lower casing is provided with an oil drain hole, and the oil drain hole is provided with a detachable plug.
  • the upper case and the lower case are fastened and sealed to facilitate the formation of a sealed bearing mounting cavity, which increases the reliability of the bearing installation, and only needs to remove the lower case to realize the wheel when the wheel pair is disassembled.
  • the quick disassembly of the pair improves the efficiency of the replacement wheel set.
  • the present invention also provides a rail train comprising a wheel set, a frame, and an axle box structure mounted between the wheel set and the frame, the axle box structure being the axle box structure according to any one of the above, A side beam that fits the mounting of the positioning node is disposed on the frame.
  • the rail train has the above-described axle box structure, the above-mentioned technical effects of the axle box structure are also provided.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an axle box structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of the axle box structure of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is an A-A view of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a C-C view of Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 is a B-B view of Figure 2.
  • the core of the invention provides a rail train and axle box structure.
  • the arrangement of the vehicle bottom components is further optimized, and the wheel set replacement speed can be improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an axle box structure according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the axle box structure shown in FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 is a view taken along line A-A of FIG.
  • the invention provides an axle box structure of a rail train, comprising an axle box body and a positioning node mounting seat 112.
  • the axle box body is provided with a bearing mounting cavity 1a, the bearing is installed inside the bearing mounting cavity 1a, and the axle of the wheel set is arranged.
  • the end portion is provided inside the bearing mounting chamber 1a of the axle housing through a bearing.
  • the front end cover and the rear end cover are also provided on both sides of the bearing mounting cavity 1a of the axle housing.
  • the upper end surface of the axle housing is further provided with an axle box spring mounting seat 111 for mounting the axle box spring.
  • the frame is provided with a spring cylinder, and the axle box spring is disposed on the spring cylinder.
  • the axle box spring mount 111 is provided with a threaded hole 111a for fixing the spring cylinder.
  • the positioning node mount 112 is provided with a mounting cavity for mounting a positioning node for transmitting traction and braking force between the wheel set and the frame.
  • the axle housing may further be a split structure, including a sealed and fitted upper case 11 and a lower case 12, and the upper case 11 and the lower case 12 are enclosed together.
  • the bearing mounting cavity 1a is connected by bolts, and the positioning node mount 112 is integrally formed with the upper case 11.
  • the lower casing 12 can be detached from the upper casing 11 and the related components connected to the lower casing 12 can be disassembled to realize the replacement of the wheelset without disassembling the entire axle casing. Improve the replacement efficiency of the wheelset.
  • the lower end surface of the upper casing 11 has downwardly extending projections 116 at both outer edges in the axial direction, and the upper end faces of the lower casing 12 have downwardly concave portions along the outer lateral edges of the axial direction. 123.
  • the first semi-circular hole and the second semi-circular hole are respectively disposed in the middle of the upper case 11 and the lower case 12. After the convex portion 116 and the concave portion 123 are fastened and sealed, the first semi-circular hole and the second semi-circular hole form a bearing installation. Cavity 1a.
  • the above-mentioned axial direction refers to the axial direction of the axle when the axle housing and the wheel pair are in the assembled position.
  • a sealing ring or the like may be disposed between the upper case 11 and the lower case 12 to achieve a snap-fit seal assembly, which is advantageous for improving the sealing property of the bearing mounting cavity 1a.
  • Both the upper case 11 and the lower case 12 can be provided with both a labyrinth seal and a gap seal to ensure sealing performance.
  • the upper case and the lower case are fastened and sealed to facilitate the formation of a sealed bearing mounting cavity, which increases the reliability of the bearing installation, and only needs to remove the lower case to realize the wheel when the wheel pair is disassembled.
  • the quick disassembly of the pair improves the efficiency of the replacement wheel set.
  • FIG. 4 is a C-C view of FIG. 2.
  • the convex portion 122 may further have an outwardly extending first boss 115.
  • the concave portion 123 has an outwardly extending second boss 122.
  • the first boss 115 is provided with an internally threaded hole 115a, and the second boss 122 is disposed.
  • a through hole 122a is provided, and the upper case 11 and the lower case 12 are fixedly connected by bolts simultaneously provided in the through hole 122a and the internally threaded hole 115a.
  • both end portions of the first boss 115 have outwardly extending extensions, and the two extension portions are provided with a vertical damping device installed in cooperation with the vertical damper of the rail train.
  • Device mount 113 In this embodiment, the vertical damper mount 113 is integrally formed with the upper case 11 The assembly process of the axle housing can be simplified without subsequent assembly, and the strength of the axle housing can be improved.
  • the vertical damper mount 113 can also be disposed on the lower case 12.
  • both ends of the second boss 122 have outwardly extending extensions, and the extensions are provided with a vertical damper mount 113 that is mounted in cooperation with the vertical damper of the rail train.
  • the axle box structure in the above embodiments may further include a positioning pin 114 including a central large diameter section 141 and a small diameter section at both ends of the large diameter section 141.
  • the upper end surface of the second boss 122 is further provided with a counterbore, the counterbore includes a large diameter hole having a large aperture and a small diameter hole having a small aperture, and the height of the large diameter section 141 is smaller than the height of the large diameter hole of the counterbore,
  • the matching position of the lower end surface of the boss 115 is also provided with a positioning hole.
  • the two small diameter segments are respectively disposed inside the small diameter hole of the counterbore and inside the positioning hole.
  • the two small diameter segments are defined as the first small diameter segment 142 and the second small diameter segment 143 respectively, and the two are respectively matched with the positioning holes of the first boss 115 and the small diameter holes of the counterbore, and the cooperation may be a clearance fit or a Fit.
  • the second small diameter section 143 of the positioning pin 114 can be firstly disposed in the small diameter hole of the counterbore of the second boss 122, and the upper case 11 and the lower part are realized.
  • the casing 12 is quickly and accurately positioned, and then the upper casing 11 and the lower casing 12 are fixed by bolts.
  • the outer wall of the upper casing 11 may further be provided with a wheel pair lifting seat, the wheel lifting seat is provided with a vertical lifting hole, and the bottom of the outer wall of the lower casing 12 is also provided with a rowing obstacle.
  • the device mounting seat 121 is used for installing a barrier device for a fixed rail train. For the specific structure of the barrier device mounting seat 121, please refer to FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 5 is a B-B view of FIG. 2, wherein only the left mount is shown in FIG. 1-2, and the right mount is not shown.
  • the positioning node mount 112 may be a split structure, including a left mount and a right mount, and the left mount is integrally formed with the upper enclosure 11, and both the left mount and the right mount are The inner recess has a recessed portion, and when the left mount and the right mount are fixed, the two recesses form a mounting cavity of the positioning node.
  • the left mount and the right mount are connected by bolts, and the specific arrangement of the mounting holes 112a of the left mount is shown in FIG. 5.
  • the ends of the upper case 11 and the lower case 12 connected to the end cover are further provided with a first drainage groove 11c and a second drainage groove 12c in the circumferential direction, respectively, the upper case 11 and the lower case 12 After installation, The first drain groove 11c and the second drain groove 12c form an annular groove. This setting prevents liquid such as water from directly entering the inside of the shaft housing.
  • an oil drain hole 12b is further provided in the lower casing 12, and the flaw detection oil, the bearing grease, and the like can be discharged without removing other components, thereby improving work efficiency.
  • the present invention also provides a railway train comprising a wheel set, a frame and an axle box structure installed between the wheel set and the frame, and the axle box structure is the axle box structure of any of the above embodiments. .
  • the rail train has the above-described axle box structure, the above-mentioned technical effects of the axle box structure are also provided.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Abstract

一种轨道列车及其轴箱结构，包括轴箱体和定位节点安装座（112），轴箱体为分体式结构，包括密封配合的上箱体（11）和下箱体（12），上箱体（11）和下箱体（12）共同围成轴承安装腔（1a），且两者通过螺栓连接，定位节点安装座（112）与上箱体（11）一体成型；上箱体（11）的下端面沿轴向的两外侧缘具有向下延伸的凸部（116），下箱体（12）的上端面的两外侧缘具有向下的凹部（123），上箱体（11）和下箱体（12）的中部分别设有第一半圆孔和第二半圆孔，凸部（116）和凹部（123）扣合密封后，第一半圆孔与第二半圆孔形成轴承安装腔。该结构有利于形成密封性的轴承安装腔，增加轴承安装的可靠性，并且在轮对拆卸时，该结构提高更换轮对的效率。

Description

轨道列车及其轴箱结构
本申请要求于2015年01月16日提交中国专利局、申请号为201510021416.6、发明名称为“轨道列车及其轴箱结构”，以及要求于2015年01月16日提交中国专利局、申请号为201520029183.X、发明名称为“轨道列车及其轴箱结构”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及轨道车辆技术领域，特别涉及一种轨道列车及其轴箱结构。
背景技术
轴箱结构是连接构架和轮对的活动关节，除了传递各个方向的力和震动外，轴箱结构须保证轮对能够适应线路状况而相对于构架上下跳动和左右横动。
轴箱结构作为连接轮对与构架的重要零部件，轴向结构一般采用转臂式和拉杆式两种结构。目前大多数轨道列车采用转臂式轴箱结构，其中转臂式轴箱结构包括一体式的轴箱和转臂，即转臂式轴箱，转臂式轴箱包括轴箱体和定位节点安装座，轴箱体内部设有轴承，车轴的端部通过轴承设于轴箱内，轴箱体的上端面和转向架构架之间设置有轴箱弹簧，轴箱体外壁上还设有垂向减振器安装座，用于安装垂向减振器的一端，垂向减振器的另一端连接构架。定位节点安装座用于安装定位节点，定位节点用以传递轮对与构架之间的牵引力和制动力。
目前，位于轮对内侧附近的车轴上还安装有制动盘，构架上还安装有用于制动制动盘的制动夹钳，其中轮对、制动盘要求在后期使用过程中能够从车轴上拆卸以及快速更换。上述转臂式轴箱安装于轮对的外侧，也就是说，安装于轮对附件的零部件比较多，但是由于车底空间有限，故转臂式轴箱、制动盘、制动夹钳各部件只能在有限空间内布置，也就是说，上述各部件的结构直接影响各部件之间的装配关系，甚至涉及整车的性能。因此，优化转臂式轴箱、制动盘、制动夹钳之间的位置关系一直是本领域 内技术人员不断追求的目标。
因此，如何根据车体的现状，优化转臂式轴箱的结构，优化整车布置，以及提高轮对更换速度，是本领域内技术人员亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的为提供了一种轨道列车及轴箱结构，通过改变轴箱结构的具体结构，进一步优化了车底部件的布置，可提高轮对更换速度。
本发明提供了一种轨道列车的轴箱结构，包括轴箱体和定位节点安装座，所述轴箱体内设置有轴承安装腔，所述定位节点安装座设置有安装定位节点的安装腔，所述轴箱体为分体式结构，包括密封配合的上箱体和下箱体，所述上箱体和所述下箱体共同围成所述轴承安装腔，且两者通过螺栓连接，所述定位节点安装座与所述上箱体一体成型；
所述上箱体的下端面沿轴向的两外侧缘具有向下延伸的凸部，所述下箱体的上端面的两外侧缘具有向下的凹部，所述上箱体和所述下箱体的中部分别设有第一半圆孔和第二半圆孔，所述凸部和所述凹部扣合密封装配后，所述第一半圆孔与所述第二半圆孔形成所述轴承安装腔。
优选地，所述凸部还具有向外延伸的第一凸台，所述凹部具有向外延伸的第二凸台，所述第一凸台上设置有内螺纹孔，所述第二凸台上设置有通孔，所述上箱体和所述下箱体通过同时设于所述通孔和所述内螺纹孔内的螺栓固定连接。
优选地，沿轴向，所述第一凸台的两端部具有向外延伸的延伸部，两所述延伸部设置有与轨道列车的垂向减振器配合安装的垂向减振器安装座。
优选地，还包括定位销，所述定位销包括中部大径段以及位于所述大径段两端的小径段，所述第二凸台的上端面还设有沉孔，且所述大径段的高度小于所述沉孔的大孔的高度，所述第一凸台的下端面的配合位置也设置有定位孔，当所述上箱体和所述下箱体配合安装时，两所述小径段分别设于所述沉孔的小孔内部和所述定位孔内部。
优选地，所述上箱体的外壁上还设置有轮对提吊座，所述轮对提吊座上设置有竖向的提吊孔；所述下箱体的外壁底部还设置有排障装置安装座， 用于安装固定轨道列车的排障装置。
优选地，所述上箱体和所述下箱体连接端盖的端部分别周向还设置有第一排水凹槽和第二排水凹槽，所述上箱体和所述下箱体安装后，所述第一排水凹槽和所述第二排水凹槽形成环状凹槽。
优选地，所述定位节点安装座为分体结构，包括左安装座和右安装座，所述左安装座与所述上箱体一体成型，所述左安装座和所述右安装座均具有向内的凹陷部，当左安装座和所述右安装座配合固定后，两所述凹陷部形成所述定位节点的安装腔。
优选地，所述下箱体的箱体壁上设置有排油孔，所述排油孔内设置有可拆卸的塞子。
本文中上箱体和下箱体分体扣合密封连接，有利于形成密封性的轴承安装腔，增加轴承安装的可靠性，并且在轮对拆卸时，只需拆卸下箱体即可实现轮对的快速拆卸，提高更换轮对的效率。
本发明还提供了一种轨道列车，包括轮对、构架以及安装于所述轮对和所述构架之间的轴箱结构，所述轴箱结构为上述任一项所述的轴箱结构，所述构架上设置配合安装所述定位节点的侧梁。
因轨道列车具备上述轴箱结构，故轨道列车也具备该轴箱结构的上述技术效果。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1为本发明一种实施例中轴箱结构的结构示意图；
图2为图1所示轴箱结构的俯视图；
图3为图2中的A-A视图；
图4为图2中的C-C视图；
图5为图2中的B-B视图。
其中，图1至图5中部件名称与附图标记之间的一一对应关系如下所示：
上箱体11、轴承安装腔1a、螺纹孔11a、第一排水槽11c、第二排水槽12c、弹簧安装座111、螺纹孔111a、定位节点安装座112、安装孔112a、垂向减振器安装座113、轮对提吊座114、螺纹孔115a、凸部116、第一凸台115、第二凸台122、下箱体12、排油孔12b、排障装置安装座121、凸台122、通孔122a、凹部123、转臂13、定位销114、大径段141、第一小径段142、第二小径段143。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明的核心为提供一种轨道列车及轴箱结构，通过改变轴箱结构的具体结构，进一步优化了车底部件的布置，可提高轮对更换速度。
请参考图1-图2，图1为本发明一种实施例中轴箱结构的结构示意图；图2为图1所示轴箱结构的俯视图；图3为图2中的A-A视图。
本发明提供了一种轨道列车的轴箱结构，包括轴箱体和定位节点安装座112，轴箱体内设置有轴承安装腔1a，轴承安装于轴承安装腔1a的内部，设置有轮对的车轴的端部通过轴承设于轴箱体的轴承安装腔1a内部。为了保护内部轴承免受外界环境的影响，轴箱体的轴承安装腔1a的两侧还设置有前端盖和后端盖。轴箱体的上端面还设置有轴箱弹簧安装座111，用于安装轴箱弹簧，相应地，构架上设置有弹簧筒，轴箱弹簧设于弹簧筒。一般地，轴箱弹簧安装座111上设置有螺纹孔111a，用于固定弹簧筒。
定位节点安装座112设置有安装定位节点的安装腔，定位节点用以传递轮对与构架之间的牵引力和制动力。本文中轴箱体可以进一步为分体式结构，包括密封配合的上箱体11和下箱体12，上箱体11和下箱体12共同围成 轴承安装腔1a，且两者通过螺栓连接，定位节点安装座112与上箱体11一体成型。
这样，在轮对更换时，只需将下箱体12从上箱体11上拆卸，以及拆卸与下箱体12连接的相关部件即可实现轮对的更换，无需拆卸整个轴箱体，大大提高了轮对的更换效率。
对于上箱体11和下箱体12的具体连接结构，以下给出了一种上箱体11和下箱体12的具体结构，具体如下。
在一种具体实施方式中，上箱体11的下端面沿轴向的两外侧缘具有向下延伸的凸部116，下箱体12的上端面沿轴向的两外侧缘具有向下的凹部123，上箱体11和下箱体12的中部分别设有第一半圆孔和第二半圆孔，凸部116与凹部123扣合密封装配后，第一半圆孔与第二半圆孔形成轴承安装腔1a。需要说明的是，上述的轴向是指轴箱体与轮对处于装配位置时，车轴的轴线方向。
上箱体11与下箱体12之间可以设置密封圈等实现扣合密封装配，该装配方式有利于提高轴承安装腔1a的密封性。上箱体11和下箱体12内部可以同时设迷宫式密封和间隙密封两种结构，保证密封性能。
本文中上箱体和下箱体分体扣合密封连接，有利于形成密封性的轴承安装腔，增加轴承安装的可靠性，并且在轮对拆卸时，只需拆卸下箱体即可实现轮对的快速拆卸，提高更换轮对的效率。
请参考图4，图4为图2中的C-C视图。
具体地，凸部122还可以具有向外延伸的第一凸台115，凹部123具有向外延伸的第二凸台122，第一凸台115上设置有内螺纹孔115a，第二凸台122上设置有通孔122a，上箱体11和下箱体12通过同时设于通孔122a和内螺纹孔115a内的螺栓固定连接。该结构的轴箱体固定时，螺钉或螺栓的螺纹部自下向上穿过第二凸台122的通孔122a旋紧于第一凸台115的内螺纹孔115a中，实现第一凸台115和第二凸台122的可靠固定。
在一种具体实施方式中，沿轴向，第一凸台115的两端部具有向外延伸的延伸部，两延伸部设置有与轨道列车的垂向减振器配合安装的垂向减振器安装座113。本实施例中，垂向减振器安装座113与上箱体11一体成型， 无需后续组装，即可简化轴箱体的加工工艺，又可提高轴箱体的使用强度。
当然，垂向减振器安装座113还可以设置于下箱体12上。例如：第二凸台122的两端部具有向外延伸的延伸部，两所述延伸部设置有与轨道列车的垂向减振器配合安装的垂向减振器安装座113。
为了便于上箱体11和下箱体12组装，上述各实施例中的轴箱结构还可以进一步包括定位销114，定位销114包括中部大径段141以及位于大径段141两端的小径段，第二凸台122的上端面还设有沉孔，沉孔包括孔径较大的大径孔和孔径较小的小径孔，且大径段141的高度小于沉孔的大径孔的高度，第一凸台115的下端面的配合位置也设置有定位孔，当上箱体11和下箱体12配合安装时，两小径段分别设于沉孔的小径孔内部和定位孔内部。本文将两小径段定义为第一小径段142和第二小径段143，两者分别与第一凸台115的定位孔和沉孔的小径孔配合，该配合可以为间隙配合，也可以为过盈配合。
这样，上箱体11和下箱体12在安装时，可以先将定位销114的第二小径段143设于第二凸台122的沉孔的小径孔内，在实现上箱体11和下箱体12快速、精确定位，然后再利用螺栓将上箱体11和下箱体12固定。
上述各实施例中，上箱体11的外壁上还可以设置有轮对提吊座，轮对提吊座上设置有竖向的提吊孔，下箱体12的外壁底部还设置有排障装置安装座121，用于安装固定轨道列车的排障装置，排障装置安装座121的具体结构请参考图3。
请综合参考图5，图5为图2中的B-B视图，其中图1-2中仅是示出了左安装座，未示出右安装座。
进一步地，为了便于定位节点的快速拆卸，定位节点安装座112可以为分体结构，包括左安装座和右安装座，左安装座与上箱体11一体成型，左安装座和右安装座均具有向内的凹陷部，当左安装座和右安装座配合固定后，两凹陷部形成定位节点的安装腔。左安装座和右安装座通过螺栓连接，左安装座的安装孔112a的具体设置请参考图5。
上述各实施例中，上箱体11和下箱体12连接端盖的端部分别周向还设置有第一排水凹槽11c和第二排水凹槽12c，上箱体11和下箱体12安装后， 第一排水凹槽11c和第二排水凹槽12c形成环状凹槽。该设置方式可以避免水等液体直接进入轴箱体内部。
下箱体12上还进一步设置有排油孔12b，可以再不拆卸其他部件的情况下，将探伤油、轴承润滑脂等排出，提高工作效率。
在上述轴箱结构的基础上，本文还提供了一种轨道列车，包括轮对、构架以及安装于轮对和构架之间的轴箱结构，轴箱结构为上述任一实施例的轴箱结构。
因轨道列车具备上述轴箱结构，故轨道列车也具备该轴箱结构的上述技术效果。
以上对本发明所提供的一种轨道列车及其轴箱结构进行了详细介绍。本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以对本发明进行若干改进和修饰，这些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要求的保护范围内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种轨道列车的轴箱结构，包括轴箱体和定位节点安装座(112)，所述轴箱体内设置有轴承安装腔(1a)，所述定位节点安装座(112)设置有安装定位节点的安装腔，其特征在于，所述轴箱体为分体式结构，包括密封配合的上箱体(11)和下箱体(12)，所述上箱体(11)和所述下箱体(12)共同围成所述轴承安装腔(1a)，且两者通过螺栓连接，所述定位节点安装座(112)与所述上箱体(11)一体成型；
    所述上箱体(11)的下端面沿轴向的两外侧缘具有向下延伸的凸部(116)，所述下箱体(12)的上端面的两外侧缘具有向下的凹部(123)，所述上箱体(11)和所述下箱体(12)的中部分别设有第一半圆孔和第二半圆孔，所述凸部(116)和所述凹部(123)扣合密封装配后，所述第一半圆孔与所述第二半圆孔形成所述轴承安装腔(1a)；
    所述上箱体(11)的外壁上还设置有轮对提吊座(114)，所述轮对提吊座(114)上设置有竖向的提吊孔；所述下箱体(12)的外壁底部还设置有排障装置安装座，用于安装固定轨道列车的排障装置。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的轨道列车的轴箱结构，其特征在于，所述凸部(116)还具有向外延伸的第一凸台(115)，所述凹部(123)具有向外延伸的第二凸台(122)，所述第一凸台(115)上设置有内螺纹孔(115a)，所述第二凸台(122)上设置有通孔(122a)，所述上箱体(11)和所述下箱体(12)通过同时设于所述通孔(122a)和所述内螺纹孔(115a)内的螺栓固定连接。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的轨道列车的轴箱结构，其特征在于，沿轴向，所述第一凸台(115)的两端部具有向外延伸的延伸部，两所述延伸部设置有与轨道列车的垂向减振器配合安装的垂向减振器安装座(113)。
  4. 如权利要求3任一项所述的轨道列车的轴箱结构，其特征在于，还包括定位销(14)，所述定位销(14)包括中部大径段(141)以及位于所述大径段(141)两端的小径段，所述第二凸台(122)的上端面还设有沉孔，且所述大径段(141)的高度小于所述沉孔的大孔的高度，所述第一 凸台(115)的下端面的配合位置也设置有定位孔，当所述上箱体(11)和所述下箱体(12)配合安装时，两所述小径段分别设于所述沉孔的小孔内部和所述定位孔内部。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的轨道列车的轴箱结构，其特征在于，所述上箱体(11)和所述下箱体(12)连接端盖的端部分别周向还设置有第一排水凹槽(11c)和第二排水凹槽(12c)，所述上箱体(11)和所述下箱体(12)安装后，所述第一排水凹槽(11c)和所述第二排水凹槽(12c)形成环状凹槽。
  6. 如权利要求2至5任一项所述的轨道列车的轴箱结构，其特征在于，所述定位节点安装座(112)为分体结构，包括左安装座和右安装座，所述左安装座与所述上箱体(11)一体成型，所述左安装座和所述右安装座均具有向内的凹陷部，当左安装座和所述右安装座配合固定后，两所述凹陷部形成所述定位节点的安装腔。
  7. 如权利要求2至5任一项所述的轨道列车的轴箱结构，其特征在于，所述下箱体的箱体壁上设置有排油孔，所述排油孔内设置有可拆卸的塞子。
  8. 一种轨道列车，包括轮对、构架以及安装于所述轮对和所述构架之间的轴箱结构，其特征在于，所述轴箱结构为权利要求1至7任一项所述的轴箱结构，所述构架上设置配合安装所述定位节点的侧梁。
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CN204488815U (zh) * 2015-01-16 2015-07-22 南车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 轨道列车及其轴箱结构

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