WO2016098626A1 - 空気調和装置 - Google Patents
空気調和装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016098626A1 WO2016098626A1 PCT/JP2015/084264 JP2015084264W WO2016098626A1 WO 2016098626 A1 WO2016098626 A1 WO 2016098626A1 JP 2015084264 W JP2015084264 W JP 2015084264W WO 2016098626 A1 WO2016098626 A1 WO 2016098626A1
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- indoor
- air conditioning
- temperature
- air
- thermo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
- F25B49/022—Compressor control arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/89—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B15/00—Systems controlled by a computer
- G05B15/02—Systems controlled by a computer electric
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
- F25B2313/0233—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units in parallel arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/031—Sensor arrangements
- F25B2313/0314—Temperature sensors near the indoor heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/031—Sensor arrangements
- F25B2313/0315—Temperature sensors near the outdoor heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/02—Compressor control
- F25B2600/025—Compressor control by controlling speed
- F25B2600/0251—Compressor control by controlling speed with on-off operation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/02—Compressor control
- F25B2600/025—Compressor control by controlling speed
- F25B2600/0253—Compressor control by controlling speed with variable speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/19—Pressures
- F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
- F25B2700/1931—Discharge pressures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/19—Pressures
- F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
- F25B2700/1933—Suction pressures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2104—Temperatures of an indoor room or compartment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2115—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor
- F25B2700/21152—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor at the discharge side of the compressor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
Definitions
- the present invention is configured by connecting an air conditioner, in particular, an outdoor unit having a compressor and a plurality of indoor units, so that the indoor temperature in each indoor unit becomes the target indoor temperature in each indoor unit.
- the present invention relates to an air conditioner that performs air conditioning operation.
- an air conditioner configured by connecting an outdoor unit having a compressor and a plurality of indoor units.
- an air conditioner there is one that performs an air conditioning operation (cooling operation or heating operation) such that the indoor temperature in each indoor unit becomes the target indoor temperature in each indoor unit.
- an air conditioning operation cooling operation or heating operation
- an indoor thermo-off for stopping the air conditioning operation of the corresponding indoor unit is performed, and all the indoor units are in the room.
- the outdoor thermo-off for stopping the compressor is performed.
- the outdoor thermo-on for restarting the compressor is performed and the indoor thermo-on for restarting the air-conditioning operation of the corresponding indoor unit is performed. For this reason, when the air-conditioning operation is performed under a condition that the air conditioning capacity required by each indoor unit is small and the room temperature is close to the target room temperature, it is easy for a thermo on / off to repeat the outdoor thermo-off and the outdoor thermo-on.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-93558
- a time for prohibiting the stop of the compressor that is, outdoor thermo-off
- An object of the present invention is configured by connecting an outdoor unit having a compressor and a plurality of indoor units, and performs an air-conditioning operation so that the indoor temperature in each indoor unit becomes the target indoor temperature in each indoor unit.
- the frequency of the thermo start / stop can be sufficiently reduced while suppressing the air conditioning operation in a state where the air conditioning capacity is excessive.
- the air conditioner according to the first aspect is configured by connecting an outdoor unit having a compressor and a plurality of indoor units, and the indoor temperature in each indoor unit becomes the target indoor temperature in each indoor unit.
- the air conditioning operation is performed as described above.
- the air conditioner has a control unit that controls the rotation speed of the compressor based on a required value regarding the air conditioning capability in each indoor unit during the air conditioning operation.
- the control unit increases the air conditioning capability when the indoor temperatures in all the indoor units in the air conditioning operation are within a predetermined threshold temperature range that sandwiches the target indoor temperature in each of the indoor units in the air conditioning operation.
- the start / stop frequency reduction speed control is performed to control the rotation speed of the compressor based on the request value of the indoor unit requesting a decrease in the air conditioning capacity, excluding the request value of the indoor unit requesting the air conditioning capacity. .
- the rotation speed of the compressor is suppressed to be low, the air conditioning capacity is reduced, and the stop of the compressor, that is, the occurrence of the outdoor thermo-off is suppressed. be able to. Therefore, when the air conditioning operation required by each indoor unit is small and the room temperature is close to the target indoor temperature, the compressor operation can be continued as much as possible while reducing the air conditioning capability. Thereby, here, the frequency of the thermo on / off can be sufficiently reduced while suppressing the air conditioning operation in a state where the air conditioning capacity is excessive.
- the air conditioner according to the second aspect is the air conditioner according to the first aspect, wherein the start / stop frequency reduction rotational speed control is the air conditioning capacity out of the required values of the indoor units that are requesting a decrease in the air conditioning capacity.
- the rotation speed of the compressor is controlled based on the required value with the smallest degree of decrease.
- thermo start / stop frequency reduction The degree to which the frequency of the thermo start / stop is reduced depends on how the required value of the indoor unit that requires a reduction in air conditioning capacity is used in the rotation speed control.
- the degree of reducing the frequency of the start and stop of the thermostat is improved, but there is a tendency that the air conditioning capability tends to be insufficient in the indoor unit that requires an increase in the air conditioning capability.
- the room temperature that has approached the target room temperature within the range of the threshold temperature range may be separated from the target room temperature and out of the range of the threshold temperature range.
- the required value with the smallest degree of decrease in the air conditioning capacity is used among the required values of the indoor units that are requesting a decrease in the air conditioning capacity. For this reason, while suppressing the rotation speed of a compressor low, the tendency which air conditioning capability tends to be insufficient in the indoor unit which requires the increase in air conditioning capability can be suppressed as much as possible.
- the degree of the decrease in the air conditioning capacity is among the required values of the indoor unit that requires a reduction in air conditioning capacity.
- the rotation speed of the compressor can be kept very low, but the air conditioning capacity is insufficient in the indoor unit that requires an increase in the air conditioning capacity. It becomes difficult to suppress the tendency to become apt.
- the degree of suppression of the tendency for air conditioning capacity to tend to be insufficient in indoor units that are used is the case of using the required value with the smallest degree of decrease in air conditioning capacity and the case of using the required value with the greatest degree of reduction.
- the degree to which the frequency of the thermo start / stop is reduced depends on how the required value of the indoor unit that requires a reduction in air conditioning capacity is used.
- An air conditioner according to a third aspect is the air conditioner according to the first or second aspect, wherein the threshold temperature range is an indoor thermo-off for stopping the air conditioning operation of the indoor unit performing the air conditioning operation, It is a thermo-temperature range which prescribes
- the threshold temperature range is an indoor thermo-off for stopping the air conditioning operation of the indoor unit performing the air conditioning operation, It is a thermo-temperature range which prescribes
- the compressor speed is kept low until all indoor units are turned off, and the air conditioning capacity is reduced.
- the stop of the compressor that is, the occurrence of outdoor thermo-off can be suppressed.
- An air conditioner according to a fourth aspect is the air conditioner according to any of the first to third aspects, wherein the control unit has an indoor temperature out of a threshold temperature range among the indoor units in the air conditioning operation.
- the control unit has an indoor temperature out of a threshold temperature range among the indoor units in the air conditioning operation.
- the normal rotation speed control and the start / stop frequency reduction rotation speed control as described above are switched according to the room temperature in the indoor unit during the air conditioning operation.
- the compressor speed is controlled based on the required value with the greatest increase in air conditioning capacity.
- the room temperature is quickly brought close to the target room temperature.
- the indoor temperature of all indoor units in the air conditioning operation is within the range of the threshold temperature range and the air conditioning capacity required by each indoor unit is small, the room requesting a decrease in the air conditioning capacity
- the number of revolutions of the compressor is controlled based on the required value of the unit so that the operation of the compressor is continued as much as possible while reducing the air conditioning capacity.
- the room temperature can be quickly brought close to the target room temperature, and thereafter, the air conditioning operation in a state where the air conditioning capacity is excessive can be suppressed and the frequency of the thermo on / off can be reduced.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an air conditioner 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the air conditioning apparatus 1 is an apparatus used for air conditioning indoors such as buildings by performing a vapor compression refrigeration cycle operation.
- the air conditioner 1 is mainly configured by connecting an outdoor unit 2 and a plurality of (in this case, three) indoor units 4a, 4b, and 4c.
- the outdoor unit 2 and the plurality of indoor units 4a, 4b, and 4c are connected via a liquid refrigerant communication tube 6 and a gas refrigerant communication tube 7.
- the vapor compression refrigerant circuit 10 of the air conditioner 1 is configured by connecting the outdoor unit 2 and the plurality of indoor units 4 a, 4 b, 4 c via the refrigerant communication pipes 6, 7.
- the number of indoor units is not limited to three, and may be more or less than three.
- the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c are installed indoors.
- the indoor units 4 a, 4 b, 4 c are connected to the outdoor unit 2 via the refrigerant communication pipes 6, 7 and constitute a part of the refrigerant circuit 10.
- the configuration of the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c will be described. Since the indoor unit 4b and the indoor unit 4c have the same configuration as the indoor unit 4a, only the configuration of the indoor unit 4a will be described here, and the configuration of the indoor units 4b and 4c will be described for each of the indoor units 4a.
- a subscript b or a subscript c is attached instead of the subscript a indicating each unit, and description of each unit is omitted.
- the indoor unit 4a mainly has an indoor refrigerant circuit 10a that constitutes a part of the refrigerant circuit 10 (in the indoor units 4b and 4c, the indoor refrigerant circuits 10b and 10c).
- the indoor refrigerant circuit 10a mainly has an indoor expansion valve 41a and an indoor heat exchanger 42a.
- the indoor expansion valve 41a is a valve that adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant by depressurizing the refrigerant flowing through the indoor refrigerant circuit 10a.
- the indoor expansion valve 41a is an electric expansion valve connected to the liquid side of the indoor heat exchanger 42a.
- the indoor heat exchanger 42a is a heat exchanger that functions as a refrigerant evaporator or a refrigerant radiator, and includes a large number of heat transfer tubes and a large number of fins.
- An indoor fan 43a for sending indoor air to the indoor heat exchanger 42a is provided in the vicinity of the indoor heat exchanger 42a. By blowing indoor air to the indoor heat exchanger 42a by the indoor fan 43a, in the indoor heat exchanger 42a, heat is exchanged between the refrigerant and the indoor air.
- the indoor fan 43a is rotationally driven by an indoor fan motor 44a.
- various sensors are provided in the indoor unit 4a.
- a liquid side temperature sensor 45a that detects the temperature Trla of the refrigerant in the liquid state or the gas-liquid two-phase state is provided.
- a gas side temperature sensor 46a for detecting the temperature Trga of the refrigerant in the gas state is provided.
- the indoor air inlet side of the indoor unit 4a the air temperature of the air-conditioned space cooled or heated by the indoor heat exchanger 42a of the indoor unit 4a, that is, the temperature of the indoor air in the indoor unit 4 (indoor temperature Tra).
- An indoor temperature sensor 47a for detection is provided.
- the indoor unit 4a has the indoor side control part 48a which controls operation
- the indoor side control part 48a has a microcomputer, memory, etc. provided in order to control the indoor unit 4a, and controls between the remote controllers 49a for operating the indoor unit 4a separately. Signals and the like can be exchanged, and control signals and the like can be exchanged with the outdoor unit 2.
- the remote controller 49a is a device that allows the user to make various settings related to the air conditioning operation and to run / stop commands.
- the indoor temperature sensor 47a may be provided not in the indoor unit 4a but in the remote controller 49a.
- the outdoor unit 2 is installed outdoors.
- the outdoor unit 2 is connected to the indoor units 4a, 4b, and 4c via the refrigerant communication tubes 6 and 7, and constitutes a part of the refrigerant circuit 10.
- the outdoor unit 2 mainly includes an outdoor refrigerant circuit 10 d that constitutes a part of the refrigerant circuit 10.
- the outdoor refrigerant circuit 10d mainly includes a compressor 21, a four-way switching valve 22, an outdoor heat exchanger 23, an outdoor expansion valve 25, a liquid side closing valve 26, and a gas side closing valve 27. is doing.
- the compressor 21 is a hermetic compressor in which a compression element (not shown) and a compressor motor 21a that rotationally drives the compression element are accommodated in a casing.
- the compressor motor 21a is supplied with electric power through an inverter device (not shown), and the operating capacity can be varied by changing the output frequency (that is, the rotation speed) of the inverter device. It has become.
- the four-way switching valve 22 is a valve for switching the flow direction of the refrigerant.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is used as a radiator for the refrigerant compressed in the compressor 21.
- indoor heat exchanger 42a, 42b, 42c function as an evaporator of the refrigerant
- coolant which thermally radiated in the outdoor heat exchanger 23 while connecting the discharge side of the compressor 21, and the gas side of the outdoor heat exchanger 23,
- the suction side of the compressor 21 and the gas refrigerant communication pipe 7 are connected (see the solid line of the four-way switching valve 22 in FIG.
- the compressor 2 1 can be connected to the gas refrigerant communication pipe 7 and to the suction side of the compressor 21 and the gas side of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 (the broken line of the four-way switching valve 22 in FIG. reference).
- the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is a heat exchanger that functions as a refrigerant radiator or a refrigerant evaporator, and includes a large number of heat transfer tubes and a large number of fins.
- an outdoor fan 28 for sending outdoor air to the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is provided in the vicinity of the outdoor heat exchanger 23, an outdoor fan 28 for sending outdoor air to the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is provided. By blowing the outdoor air to the outdoor heat exchanger 23 by the outdoor fan 28, the outdoor heat exchanger 23 performs heat exchange between the refrigerant and the outdoor air.
- the outdoor fan 28 is rotationally driven by an outdoor fan motor 28a.
- the outdoor expansion valve 25 is a valve that depressurizes the refrigerant flowing through the outdoor refrigerant circuit 10d.
- the outdoor expansion valve 25 is an electric expansion valve connected to the liquid side of the outdoor heat exchanger 23.
- the liquid side shutoff valve 26 and the gas side shutoff valve 27 are valves provided at connection ports with external devices and pipes (specifically, the liquid refrigerant communication pipe 6 and the gas refrigerant communication pipe 7).
- the liquid side closing valve 26 is connected to the outdoor expansion valve 25.
- the gas side closing valve 27 is connected to the four-way switching valve 22.
- the outdoor unit 2 is provided with various sensors.
- the outdoor unit 2 includes a suction pressure sensor 29 that detects the suction pressure Ps of the compressor 21, a discharge pressure sensor 30 that detects the discharge pressure Pd of the compressor 21, and a suction temperature that detects the suction temperature Ts of the compressor 21.
- a sensor 31 and a discharge temperature sensor 32 for detecting the discharge temperature Td of the compressor 21 are provided.
- the suction temperature sensor 31 is provided on the suction side of the compressor 21.
- a liquid side temperature sensor 33 that detects the temperature Tol of the refrigerant in the liquid state or the gas-liquid two-phase state is provided.
- An outdoor temperature sensor 34 that detects the temperature of the outdoor air (outside air temperature Ta) in the outdoor unit 2 is provided on the outdoor air inlet 2 side of the outdoor unit 2.
- the outdoor unit 2 includes an outdoor control unit 35 that controls the operation of each unit constituting the outdoor unit 2.
- the outdoor side control part 35 has the inverter circuit etc. which control the microcomputer provided in order to control the outdoor unit 2, memory, and the compressor motor 21a, etc., and the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c Control signals and the like can be exchanged with the indoor side control units 48a, 48b, and 48c.
- the refrigerant communication pipes 6 and 7 are refrigerant pipes constructed on site when the air conditioner 1 is installed.
- the liquid refrigerant communication pipe 6 extends from the liquid side connection port (here, the liquid side shut-off valve 26) of the outdoor unit 2, and branches into a plurality of (here, three) indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c on the way. And it extends to the liquid side connection port (here, the refrigerant pipe connected to the indoor expansion valves 41a, 41b, 41c) of each indoor unit 4a, 4b, 4c.
- the gas refrigerant communication pipe 7 extends from the gas side connection port (here, the gas side shut-off valve 27) of the outdoor unit 2, and branches into a plurality of (here, three) indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c along the way. And it extends to the gas side connection port (here, the refrigerant pipe connected to the gas side of the indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b, 42c) of each indoor unit 4a, 4b, 4c.
- the refrigerant communication pipes 6 and 7 have various lengths and pipe diameters depending on the installation conditions of the outdoor unit 2 and the indoor units 4a, 4b, and 4c.
- Remote controllers 49a, 49b, 49c for individually operating the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c, the indoor side control units 48a, 48b, 48c of the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c, and the outdoor side control unit of the outdoor unit 2 35 comprises the control part 8 which performs operation control of the air conditioning apparatus 1 whole.
- the controller 8 is connected so as to receive detection signals from various sensors 29 to 34, 45a to 45c, 46a to 46c, 47a to 47c, and the like.
- the control unit 8 controls the various devices and valves 21a, 22, 25, 28a, 41a to 41c, and 44a to 44c based on these detection signals and the like, thereby performing the air conditioning operation (cooling operation and heating operation). It is configured to be able to do.
- FIG. 2 is a control block diagram of the air conditioner 1.
- the air conditioner 1 is configured by connecting the outdoor unit 2 having the compressor 21 and a plurality (here, three) of indoor units 4a, 4b, and 4c, The air conditioning operation is performed so that the indoor temperatures Tra, Trb, Trc in the units 4a, 4b, 4c become the target indoor temperatures Tras, Trbs, Trcs, which are target values of the indoor temperatures in the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c. is there.
- These target room temperatures Tras, Trbs, and Trcs are set by the user using the remote controllers 49a, 49b, and 49c.
- the low-pressure gas refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 10 is sucked into the compressor 21 and compressed to become a high-pressure gas refrigerant.
- the high-pressure gas refrigerant is sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 23 via the four-way switching valve 22.
- the high-pressure gas refrigerant sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is condensed by being cooled by exchanging heat with outdoor air supplied by the outdoor fan 28 in the outdoor heat exchanger 21 that functions as a refrigerant radiator.
- a high-pressure liquid refrigerant is obtained.
- the high-pressure liquid refrigerant is sent from the outdoor unit 2 to the indoor units 4a, 4b, and 4c via the outdoor expansion valve 25, the liquid-side closing valve 26, and the liquid refrigerant communication pipe 6.
- the high-pressure liquid refrigerant sent to the indoor units 4a, 4b, and 4c is decompressed by the indoor expansion valves 41a, 41b, and 41c, and becomes a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant.
- This low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant is sent to the indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b, and 42c.
- the low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant sent to the indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b, and 42c is transferred by the indoor fans 43a, 43b, and 43c in the indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b, and 42c that function as refrigerant evaporators.
- the low-pressure gas refrigerant is sent from the indoor units 4a, 4b, and 4c to the outdoor unit 2 via the gas refrigerant communication pipe 7.
- the low-pressure gas refrigerant sent to the outdoor unit 2 is again sucked into the compressor 21 via the gas-side closing valve 27 and the four-way switching valve 22.
- the low-pressure gas refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 10 is sucked into the compressor 21 and compressed to become a high-pressure gas refrigerant.
- the high-pressure gas refrigerant is sent from the outdoor unit 2 to the indoor units 4a, 4b, and 4c via the four-way switching valve 22, the gas side closing valve 27, and the gas refrigerant communication pipe 7.
- the high-pressure gas refrigerant sent to the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c is sent to the indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b, 42c.
- the high-pressure gas refrigerant sent to the indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b, and 42c is the indoor air supplied by the indoor fans 43a, 43b, and 43c in the indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b, and 42c that function as a refrigerant radiator.
- the heat is exchanged to cool and condense to form a high-pressure liquid refrigerant.
- This high-pressure liquid refrigerant is depressurized by the indoor expansion valves 41a, 41b, 41c.
- the refrigerant decompressed by the indoor expansion valves 41a, 41b, 41c is sent from the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c to the outdoor unit 2 via the gas refrigerant communication pipe 7.
- the refrigerant sent to the outdoor unit 2 is sent to the outdoor expansion valve 25 via the liquid-side closing valve 27 and is decompressed by the outdoor expansion valve 25 to become a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant.
- the low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant is sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 23.
- the low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is heated by exchanging heat with the outdoor air supplied by the outdoor fan 28 in the outdoor heat exchanger 23 functioning as an evaporator of the refrigerant. As a result, it evaporates and becomes a low-pressure gas refrigerant.
- This low-pressure gas refrigerant is again sucked into the compressor 21 via the four-way switching valve 22.
- the control unit 8 controls the capacity of the compressor 21 based on the target evaporation temperature Tes.
- the capacity control of the compressor 21 is performed by controlling the rotation speed (operating frequency) of the compressor 21 (more specifically, the compressor motor 21a). Specifically, the rotation speed of the compressor 21 is controlled so that the evaporation temperature Te of the refrigerant corresponding to the low pressure Pe of the refrigerant circuit 10 becomes the target evaporation temperature Tes.
- the low pressure Pe flows from the outlets of the indoor expansion valves 41a, 41b, and 41c to the suction side of the compressor 21 through the indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b, and 42c during the cooling operation. It means a pressure that represents a low-pressure refrigerant.
- the suction pressure Ps that is the refrigerant pressure detected by the suction pressure sensor 29 is used as the low pressure Pe, and the value obtained by converting the suction pressure Ps to the saturation temperature of the refrigerant is the refrigerant evaporation temperature Te. .
- the target evaporation temperature Tes in the capacity control (rotational speed control) of the compressor 21 is determined by the control unit 8 based on the required values ⁇ QCa, ⁇ QCb, ⁇ QCc related to the cooling capacity in each of the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c during the cooling operation. It has come to be.
- each temperature difference ⁇ TCra, ⁇ TCrb, ⁇ TCrc is obtained by subtracting each target room temperature Tras, Trbs, Trcs from each room temperature Tra, Trb, Trc during the cooling operation. Based on these temperature differences ⁇ TCra, ⁇ TCrb, ⁇ TCrc, required values ⁇ QCa, ⁇ QCb, ⁇ QCc relating to the cooling capacity in the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c during the cooling operation are calculated.
- the temperature differences ⁇ TCra, ⁇ TCrb, ⁇ TCrc are positive values, that is, when the indoor temperatures Tra, Trb, Trc have not reached the target indoor temperatures Tras, Trbs, Trcs, an increase in cooling capacity is requested.
- the required values ⁇ QCa, ⁇ QCb, and ⁇ QCc related to the cooling capacity are values that indicate the direction and degree of increase or decrease in the cooling capacity, similarly to the temperature differences ⁇ TCra, ⁇ TCrb, and ⁇ TCrc.
- the target evaporation temperature Tes When an increase in cooling capacity is required, that is, when the required values ⁇ QCa, ⁇ QCb, ⁇ QCc related to the cooling capacity are positive values, the target evaporation temperature Tes according to the degree of increase (absolute value of the required value). Is determined to be lower than the current value, thereby increasing the rotational speed of the compressor 21 and increasing the cooling capacity.
- the cooling capacity is required to be reduced, that is, when the required values ⁇ QCa, ⁇ QCb, and ⁇ QCc relating to the cooling capacity are negative values
- the target evaporation temperature Tes depends on the degree of reduction (absolute value of the required value). Is determined to be higher than the current value, thereby reducing the rotational speed of the compressor 21 and reducing the cooling capacity.
- the target evaporation temperature Tes is a target value common to all the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c. For this reason, the target evaporation temperature Tes must be determined to be a value that represents a request for increasing or decreasing the cooling capacity in all the indoor units 4a, 4b, and 4c.
- the target evaporation temperature Tes is determined based on the required value at which the target evaporation temperature Tes is the lowest among the required values ⁇ QCa, ⁇ QCb, ⁇ QCc regarding the cooling capacity.
- the required values ⁇ QCa, ⁇ QCb, ⁇ QCc related to the cooling capacity are the evaporation temperatures required in each of the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c
- the lowest required value is selected as the target evaporation temperature Tes.
- the required value ⁇ QCa as the evaporation temperature required in the indoor unit 4a is 5 ° C.
- the required value ⁇ QCb as the evaporation temperature required in the indoor unit 4b is 7 ° C., and is required in the indoor unit 4c.
- the required value ⁇ QCc as the evaporation temperature is 10 ° C.
- 5 ° C. of the required value ⁇ QCa which is the lowest required value
- the required values ⁇ QCa, ⁇ QCb, ⁇ QCc relating to the cooling capacity are values indicating the degree of increase / decrease in the evaporation temperature required in each of the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c, a request for the highest cooling capacity among them.
- a target evaporation temperature Tes is determined based on the value. Specifically, if the current target evaporation temperature Tes is 12 ° C.
- the required values ⁇ QCa, ⁇ QCb, ⁇ QCc regarding the cooling capacity indicate how much the evaporation temperature is to be lowered, the required value required in the indoor unit 4a.
- ⁇ QCa is 7 ° C.
- the required value ⁇ QCa required in the indoor unit 4 b is 5 ° C.
- the required value ⁇ QCc required in the indoor unit 4 c is 2 ° C.
- the rotational speed of the compressor 21 may be controlled so that the pressure Ps) becomes the target low pressure Pes.
- the required values ⁇ QCa, ⁇ QCb, ⁇ QCc also use values corresponding to the low pressure Pe and the target low pressure Pes.
- This thermo control sets a thermo temperature range for the target indoor temperatures Tras, Trbs, and Trcs in each of the indoor units 4a, 4b, and 4c, and performs indoor thermo-off, indoor thermo-on, outdoor thermo-off, and outdoor thermo-on.
- the indoor thermo-off means that the air-conditioning operation of the corresponding indoor unit is stopped when the indoor temperature in the indoor unit performing the air-conditioning operation within the range of the thermo-temperature range deviates from the thermo-temperature range.
- the indoor thermo-ON is to restart the air-conditioning operation of the corresponding indoor unit when the indoor temperature in the indoor unit in the indoor thermo-off state deviates from the thermo-temperature range.
- the outdoor thermo-off means that the compressor 21 is stopped when all the indoor units performing the air-conditioning operation are in the indoor thermo-off state.
- the outdoor thermo-on is to restart the compressor 21 when at least one indoor unit is in the indoor thermo-on state in the outdoor thermo-off state.
- the upper limit values Trax, Trbx, Trcx of the thermo-temperature width in each indoor unit 4a, 4b, 4c are values obtained by adding the upper-limit widths ⁇ Tax, ⁇ Tbx, ⁇ Tcx to each target indoor temperature Tras, Trbs, Trcs. .
- the lower limit values Tran, Trbn, and Tcn of the thermo temperature width in each of the indoor units 4a, 4b, and 4c are values obtained by subtracting the lower limit widths ⁇ Tan, ⁇ Tbn, and ⁇ Tcn from the target indoor temperatures Tras, Trbs, Trcs.
- the control unit 8 Stops the cooling operation of the corresponding indoor unit 4a. More specifically, the control unit 8 closes the indoor expansion valve 41a of the indoor unit 4a and the refrigerant does not flow to the indoor heat exchanger 42a when the indoor temperature Tra decreases to the lower limit value Tran due to the cooling operation. Like that. Thereby, the indoor unit 4a is in an indoor thermo-off state in which heat exchange between the refrigerant and the indoor air is not performed.
- the control unit 8 closes the indoor expansion valves 41b and 41c of the indoor units 4b and 4c when the indoor temperatures Trb and Trc are lowered to the lower limit values Trbn and Trcn.
- the units 4b and 4c are set to the indoor thermo-off state.
- the control unit 8 performs the cooling operation of the corresponding indoor unit 4a. To resume. More specifically, when the indoor temperature Tra rises to the upper limit value Trax by stopping the cooling operation, the control unit 8 opens the indoor expansion valve 41a of the indoor unit 4a and supplies the refrigerant to the indoor heat exchanger 42a. To flow. Thereby, indoor unit 4a will be in the state of indoor thermo-on in which heat exchange between a refrigerant and room air is performed.
- the control unit 8 controls the indoor units 4b and 4c.
- the expansion valves 41b and 41c are opened to bring the indoor units 4b and 4c into the indoor thermo-on state.
- the control unit 8 performs compression.
- the machine 21 is stopped and the flow of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 10 is stopped. Thereby, although the air conditioning apparatus 1 is instructed to perform the cooling operation, substantially all of the cooling operation is stopped.
- the control unit 8 restarts the compressor 21 when the indoor unit 4a is in an indoor thermo-on state.
- the controller 8 opens the indoor expansion valve 41a of the indoor unit 4a when the cooling operation is suspended and the indoor temperature Tra rises to the upper limit value Trax by stopping the compressor 21.
- the compressor 21 is started and a refrigerant
- the air conditioning apparatus 1 will be in an outdoor thermo-ON state
- the indoor unit 4a will be in an indoor thermo-ON state.
- the controller 8 opens the indoor expansion valves 41b and 41c of the indoor units 4b and 4c and compresses them when the indoor temperatures Trb and Trc rise to the upper limit values Trbx and Trcx.
- the machine 21 is started, the air conditioner 1 is set to the outdoor thermo-ON state, and the indoor units 4b and 4c are set to the indoor thermo-ON state.
- control unit 8 controls the capacity of the compressor 21 based on the target condensation temperature Tcs.
- the capacity control of the compressor 21 is performed by controlling the rotation speed (operation frequency) of the compressor 21 (more specifically, the compressor motor 21a), similarly to the cooling operation. Specifically, the rotation speed of the compressor 21 is controlled so that the condensation temperature Tc of the refrigerant corresponding to the high pressure Pc of the refrigerant circuit 10 becomes the target condensation temperature Tcs.
- the high pressure Pc flows from the discharge side of the compressor 21 through the indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b, 42c to the inlets of the indoor expansion valves 41a, 41b, 41c during the heating operation. It means a pressure that represents a high-pressure refrigerant.
- the discharge pressure Pd that is the refrigerant pressure detected by the discharge pressure sensor 30 is used as the high pressure Pc, and the value obtained by converting the discharge pressure Pd to the saturation temperature of the refrigerant is the refrigerant condensation temperature Tc. .
- the target condensing temperature Tcs in the capacity control (rotational speed control) of the compressor 21 is determined by the control unit 8 based on the required values ⁇ QHa, ⁇ QHb, ⁇ QHc regarding the heating capacity in each of the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c during the heating operation. It has come to be.
- each temperature difference ⁇ THra, ⁇ THrb, ⁇ THrc is obtained by subtracting each room temperature Tra, Trb, Trc from each target room temperature Tras, Trbs, Trcs during the heating operation. Based on these temperature differences ⁇ THra, ⁇ THrb, ⁇ THrc, the required values ⁇ QHa, ⁇ QHb, ⁇ QHc related to the heating capacity in each of the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c during the heating operation are calculated.
- the required values ⁇ QHa, ⁇ QHb, ⁇ QHc related to the heating capacity are values that mean the direction and degree of increase / decrease in the heating capacity, similar to the temperature differences ⁇ THra, ⁇ THrb, ⁇ THrc.
- the target condensation temperature Tcs is determined according to the degree of increase (absolute value of the required value). Is determined to be higher than the current value, thereby increasing the rotational speed of the compressor 21 and increasing the heating capacity.
- the heating capacity is required to be reduced, that is, when the required values ⁇ QHa, ⁇ QHb, and ⁇ QHc relating to the heating capacity are negative values
- the target condensation temperature Tcs depending on the degree of reduction (absolute value of the required value). Is determined to be lower than the current value, thereby reducing the rotational speed of the compressor 21 and reducing the heating capacity.
- each indoor unit 4a, 4b, 4c during the heating operation various heating capacity increase / decrease requests (required values ⁇ QHa, ⁇ QHb, ⁇ QHc) are made according to the temperature differences ⁇ THra, ⁇ THrb, ⁇ THrc.
- the target condensation temperature Tcs is a target value common to all the indoor units 4a, 4b, and 4c, similarly to the target evaporation temperature Tes.
- the target condensing temperature Tcs must be determined to be a value representative of the heating capacity increase / decrease request in all the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c.
- the target condensing temperature Tcs is determined based on a request value that makes the target condensing temperature Tcs highest among the required values ⁇ QHa, ⁇ QHb, ⁇ QHc related to the heating capacity.
- the required values ⁇ QHa, ⁇ QHb, ⁇ QHc relating to the heating capacity are the condensation temperatures required in each of the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c
- the highest required value is selected as the target condensation temperature Tcs.
- the required value ⁇ QHa as the condensation temperature required in the indoor unit 4a is 45 ° C.
- the required value ⁇ QHb as the condensation temperature required in the indoor unit 4b is 43 ° C., which is required in the indoor unit 4c.
- the required value ⁇ QHc as the condensation temperature is 40 ° C.
- the highest required value of 45 ° C. of the required value ⁇ QHa is selected as the target condensation temperature Tcs.
- the required values ⁇ QHa, ⁇ QHb, ⁇ QHc relating to the heating capacity are values indicating the degree of increase / decrease in the condensation temperature required in each of the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c, among these, the request for the largest heating capacity
- a target condensation temperature Tcs is determined based on the value. Specifically, if the current target condensing temperature Tes is 38 ° C.
- the required values ⁇ QHa, ⁇ QHb, ⁇ QHc relating to the heating capacity indicate how much the condensing temperature is to be increased, the required value required in the indoor unit 4a
- ⁇ QHa 7 ° C.
- the required value ⁇ QHa required in the indoor unit 4 b is 5 ° C.
- the required value ⁇ QHc required in the indoor unit 4 c is 2 ° C.
- the rotational speed of the compressor 21 may be controlled so that the pressure Pd) becomes the target high pressure Pcs.
- the required values ⁇ QHa, ⁇ QHb, ⁇ QHc also use values corresponding to the high pressure Pc and the target high pressure Pcs.
- this thermo control sets the thermo temperature range for the target indoor temperatures Tras, Trbs, Trcs in each of the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c, and the indoor thermo off, indoor thermo on, outdoor thermo off, And outdoor thermo-on is performed.
- the control unit 8 When the indoor temperature Tra in the indoor unit 4a deviates from the thermostat width by controlling the heating capacity, the control unit 8 The heating operation of the corresponding indoor unit 4a is suspended. More specifically, the controller 8 closes the indoor expansion valve 41a of the indoor unit 4a and the refrigerant does not flow to the indoor heat exchanger 42a when the indoor temperature Tra rises to the upper limit value Trax due to the heating operation. Like that. Thereby, the indoor unit 4a is in an indoor thermo-off state in which heat exchange between the refrigerant and the indoor air is not performed.
- the controller 8 closes the indoor expansion valves 41b and 41c of the indoor units 4b and 4c when the indoor temperatures Trb and Trc rise to the upper limit values Trbx and Trcx, The units 4b and 4c are set to the indoor thermo-off state.
- the control unit 8 performs the heating operation of the corresponding indoor unit 4a. To resume. More specifically, the control unit 8 opens the indoor expansion valve 41a of the indoor unit 4a when the indoor temperature Tra decreases to the lower limit value Tran by stopping the heating operation, and the refrigerant is supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 42a. To flow. Thereby, indoor unit 4a will be in the state of indoor thermo-on in which heat exchange between a refrigerant and room air is performed.
- the control unit 8 controls the indoor units 4b and 4c.
- the expansion valves 41b and 41c are opened to bring the indoor units 4b and 4c into the indoor thermo-on state.
- the control unit 8 performs compression.
- the machine 21 is stopped and the flow of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 10 is stopped. Thereby, although the air conditioning apparatus 1 is instructed to perform the heating operation, substantially all the heating operation is stopped.
- the control unit 8 restarts the compressor 21 when the indoor unit 4a is in an indoor thermo-on state.
- the controller 8 opens the indoor expansion valve 41a of the indoor unit 4a when the heating operation is stopped and the indoor temperature Tra is lowered to the lower limit value Tran by stopping the compressor 21.
- the compressor 21 is started and a refrigerant
- the air conditioning apparatus 1 will be in an outdoor thermo-ON state
- the indoor unit 4a will be in an indoor thermo-ON state.
- the control unit 8 opens the indoor expansion valves 41b and 41c of the indoor units 4b and 4c and compresses them when the indoor temperatures Trb and Trc fall to the lower limit values Trbn and Trcn.
- the machine 21 is started, the air conditioner 1 is set to the outdoor thermo-ON state, and the indoor units 4b and 4c are set to the indoor thermo-ON state.
- the rotation speed control of the compressor 21 (hereinafter referred to as “normal rotation speed control”) and the thermo control are performed as the control of the air conditioning capacity.
- the air conditioner 1 by controlling the air conditioning capability, the indoor temperatures Tra, Trb, Trc in the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c during the air conditioning operation are changed to the target rooms in the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c.
- the temperature is set to Tras, Trbs, Trcs.
- the indoor temperature Tra in each of the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c is achieved by performing the air conditioning operation (cooling operation and heating operation) including the normal rotational speed control and the thermo control.
- Trb, Trc are controlled to have the air conditioning capability (cooling capability and heating capability) so as to be the target indoor temperatures Tras, Trbs, Trcs in each of the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c.
- the air conditioning operation is performed under the condition that the indoor temperatures Tra, Trb, and Trc are greatly separated from the target indoor temperatures Tras, Trbs, and Trcs.
- the rotational speed of the compressor 21 is controlled to be higher based on the required values (here, the required values ⁇ QCb and ⁇ QHb of the indoor unit 4b) (see FIG.
- the corresponding indoor unit (here, The indoor thermo-off for stopping the air-conditioning operation of the indoor unit 4c) is performed, and when all the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c are in the indoor thermo-off state, the outdoor thermo-off for stopping the compressor 21 is performed (see FIG. 5). ).
- the indoor temperatures Tra, Trb, Trc in all the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c during the air-conditioning operation may be within the range of the thermo-temperature range (see FIG. 6).
- an air-conditioning operation in a state where the air-conditioning capacity is excessive occurs, and it becomes easy to generate a thermo on / off that repeats an outdoor thermo-off and an outdoor thermo-on.
- each indoor unit 4a Based on the required values (in this case, required values ⁇ QCb and ⁇ QHb of the indoor unit 4b) that the degree of increase in the air conditioning capacity is the largest among the required values of the air conditioning capacity required by 4b and 4c, the rotational speed of the compressor 21 is Will be controlled.
- an indoor unit that requires a reduction in air conditioning capacity that is, an indoor unit that is performing an air conditioning operation within the range of the thermo-temperature range and the indoor temperature has reached the target indoor temperature, In the units 4a and 4b), air conditioning operation with excessive air conditioning capacity occurs, and there are more indoor units that are in an indoor thermo-off state, and eventually all indoor units are in an indoor thermo-off state and an outdoor thermo-off state. .
- the indoor temperatures Tra, Trb, Trc that the indoor temperatures Tra, Trb, Trc in all the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c in the air-conditioning operation are within the range of the thermo-temperature range are the target indoor temperatures Tras, Trbs.
- air-conditioning operation with excessive air-conditioning capacity occurs, and thermo-on / off is likely to occur.
- the increase in the frequency of the air conditioning operation and the thermo start / stop in such a state where the air conditioning capacity is excessive causes an increase in power consumption of the compressor 21 and a decrease in operating efficiency, it is preferable to improve as much as possible. .
- the control unit 8 performs the start / stop frequency reduction rotation speed control.
- the start / stop frequency reduction rotational speed control means that the indoor temperatures Tra, Trb, Trc in all the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c in the air conditioning operation are the same in the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c in the air conditioning operation.
- the target room temperature Tras, Trbs, Trcs is within a predetermined threshold temperature range, the required value of the indoor unit requesting the increase of the air conditioning capacity is excluded, and the reduction of the air conditioning capacity is requested.
- the rotational speed of the compressor 21 is controlled based on the required value of the indoor unit.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the rotation speed control of the compressor 21 including the start / stop frequency reduction rotation speed control.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the room temperature Tra, Trb, Trc and the target room temperature Tras, Trbs, Trcs in each of the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c during the air conditioning operation (in the case of performing start / stop frequency reduction rotation speed control) ).
- description will be made assuming that all the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c are in the air conditioning operation.
- step ST1 the control unit 8 determines that the indoor temperatures Tra, Trb, Trc in all the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c during the air conditioning operation are the target rooms in the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c during the air conditioning operation. It is determined whether or not the temperature is within a predetermined threshold temperature range (here, the thermo temperature range) sandwiching the temperatures Tras, Trbs, and Trcs. Then, it is determined that the indoor temperatures Tra, Trb, Trc in all the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c during the air conditioning operation are within the threshold temperature range, and the indoor temperatures Tra, Trb, Trc are set to the target indoor temperature Tras. , Trbs, and Trcs are satisfied (see FIGS. 6 and 8), the process proceeds to step ST2.
- a predetermined threshold temperature range here, the thermo temperature range
- step ST1 it is not determined that the indoor temperatures Tra, Trb, Trc in all the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c in the air conditioning operation are within the range of the threshold temperature range, and the indoor temperatures Tra, Trb, Trc Does not satisfy the conditions close to the target indoor temperatures Tras, Trbs, Trcs, there are indoor units where the indoor temperatures Tra, Trb, Trc are outside the range of the threshold temperature range and an increase in air conditioning capacity is required. Since it is a case (refer FIG.3 and FIG.4), it transfers to the process of the normal rotation speed control of step ST4.
- the normal rotation speed control process in step ST4 is the same as the control content already described. That is, when there is an indoor unit in which the room temperature is outside the range of the threshold temperature range and the air conditioning capacity is required, the rotational speed of the compressor 21 is set based on the required value with the greatest degree of increase in the air conditioning capacity.
- the room temperatures Tra, Trb, Trc are brought close to the target room temperatures Tras, Trbs, Trcs quickly.
- the indoor temperatures Tra, Trb, Trc in all the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c during the air-conditioning operation are outside the range of the threshold temperature range, and an increase in the air-conditioning capacity is requested.
- each indoor temperature (indoor temperature Tra, Trb in FIG. 4) in some indoor units (in FIG. 4, indoor units 4a, 4b) is in the threshold temperature range during the air conditioning operation.
- the degree of increase in the air conditioning capability is the largest of the required values of the indoor units 4a, 4b, and 4c requesting the increase in air conditioning capability.
- the target evaporation temperature Tes and the target condensation temperature Tcs are determined based on the required values (here, the required values ⁇ QCb and ⁇ QHb of the indoor unit 4b). And since the rotation speed of the compressor 21 is controlled so that the evaporation temperature Te of the refrigerant becomes the determined target evaporation temperature Tes or the condensation temperature Tc of the refrigerant becomes the determined target condensation temperature Tcs. is there.
- step ST2 the control unit 8 determines whether there is an indoor unit that requires a reduction in air conditioning capacity among the indoor units 4a, 4b, and 4c that are in the air conditioning operation. Then, when there is an indoor unit requesting a reduction in air conditioning capacity (for example, the indoor units 4a and 4c in FIGS. 6 and 8), the process proceeds to the start / stop frequency reduction rotational speed control process in step ST3. .
- step ST2 it is not determined that there is an indoor unit that requires a decrease in air conditioning capacity, and the room temperature is within the threshold temperature range, but the room that requires an increase in air conditioning capacity. If only the unit exists, the process proceeds to the normal rotation speed control process in step ST4. That is, in this case as well, when the indoor temperature is outside the threshold temperature range and there is an indoor unit that requires air conditioning capability, the normal temperature control in step ST4 is performed, whereby the indoor temperature Tra , Trb, Trc are quickly brought close to the target room temperature Tras, Trbs, Trcs.
- the control unit 8 excludes the requested value of the indoor unit that requests an increase in the air conditioning capacity, and compresses based on the requested value of the indoor unit that requests a decrease in the air conditioning capacity.
- the rotation speed of the machine 21 is controlled.
- the indoor unit 4b requests an increase in the air conditioning capability
- the indoor units 4a and 4c request a decrease in the air conditioning capability (FIG. 8)
- the required values ⁇ QCb and ⁇ QHb of the indoor unit 4b requesting an increase in the air conditioning capacity are excluded, and the required values ⁇ QCa and ⁇ QHa and the indoor unit of the indoor unit 4a requesting a decrease in the air conditioning capacity are excluded.
- the target evaporation temperature Tes and the target condensation temperature Tcs are determined based on the required values ⁇ QCc and ⁇ QHc of 4c. And since the rotation speed of the compressor 21 is controlled so that the evaporation temperature Te of the refrigerant becomes the determined target evaporation temperature Tes or the condensation temperature Tc of the refrigerant becomes the determined target condensation temperature Tcs. is there. That is, in the case of the normal rotational speed control in step ST4, the room in which the increase in air conditioning capability is requested among the required values of the indoor units 4a, 4b, and 4c during the air conditioning operation and the largest air conditioning capability is obtained.
- the target evaporation temperature Tes and the target condensing temperature Tcs are determined.
- the target evaporation temperature Tes and the target condensation temperature Tcs are determined based on the required values ⁇ QCc and ⁇ QHc of 4c.
- the indoor temperature Tra in which the indoor temperatures Tra, Trb, Trc in all the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c during the air conditioning operation are within the range of the thermo-temperature range.
- Trb and Trc are close to the target room temperature Tras, Trbs and Trcs, the target evaporation temperature Tes is set higher, and the target condensation temperature Tcs is set lower. If it does so, it will become possible to suppress the stop of the compressor 21, ie, generation
- the target evaporation temperature Tes and the target condensation temperature Tcs may be determined based on the required value of the indoor unit.
- the required values ⁇ QCa and ⁇ QHa of the indoor unit 4a that requires a reduction in air conditioning capacity and the requirements of the indoor unit 4c may be determined based on the required value of the indoor unit.
- the required values ⁇ QCa and ⁇ QHa of the indoor unit 4a that requires a reduction in air conditioning capacity and the requirements of the indoor unit 4c.
- the degree to which the frequency of thermo-on / off is reduced varies.
- the air conditioning capability tends to be insufficient in the indoor unit 4b that requires an increase in the air conditioning capability.
- the room temperature Trb that has approached the target room temperature Trbs up to the threshold temperature range may be separated from the target room temperature Trbs and out of the range of the threshold temperature range.
- the required value of the indoor unit 4a that has the smallest degree of decrease in the air conditioning capacity among the required values ⁇ QCa and ⁇ QHa of the indoor unit 4a that is requesting a decrease in the air conditioning capacity and the required values ⁇ QCc and ⁇ QHc of the indoor unit 4c.
- the target evaporation temperature Tes and the target condensation temperature Tcs are determined.
- the rotational speed of the compressor 21 is kept low, and the tendency that the air conditioning capability tends to be insufficient in the indoor unit 4b that requires an increase in the air conditioning capability is suppressed as much as possible.
- the air conditioner 1 has the following features.
- the degree of the decrease in the air conditioning capacity is among the required values of the indoor unit that requires a reduction in air conditioning capacity.
- the rotational speed of the compressor 21 can be kept very low, but the air conditioning capability is insufficient in the indoor unit that requires an increase in the air conditioning capability. It becomes difficult to suppress the tendency to become apt.
- the average value of the required values of the indoor units that are requesting a decrease in the air conditioning capacity may be reduced.
- the required value with the smallest degree of decrease in air conditioning capacity is used and when the required value with the greatest degree of reduction is used. It becomes the middle grade.
- the degree to which the frequency of the thermo start / stop is reduced depends on how the required value of the indoor unit that requires a reduction in air conditioning capacity is used. Come. In this section, we emphasize the degree to which the tendency of air conditioning capacity to be insufficient in indoor units that require an increase in air conditioning capacity is emphasized, and among the required values for indoor units that require a decrease in air conditioning capacity. The required value with the smallest degree of decrease in air conditioning capacity is used.
- the threshold temperature width is made to coincide with the thermo temperature width.
- the threshold temperature width does not have to coincide with the thermo temperature width. For example, by making the threshold temperature width wider than the thermo temperature width, the start / stop frequency reduction rotation speed control in the above-described steps ST1 and ST2 is performed. It can also make it easier to meet the conditions for doing so.
- the normal rotation speed control and the start / stop frequency reduction rotation speed control are switched according to the room temperature in the indoor unit during the air conditioning operation. That is, when there is an indoor unit in which the room temperature is outside the range of the threshold temperature range and the air conditioning capacity is required, the rotational speed of the compressor 21 is set based on the required value with the greatest degree of increase in the air conditioning capacity. To control the room temperature to quickly approach the target room temperature.
- the room requesting a decrease in the air conditioning capacity The number of revolutions of the compressor 21 is controlled based on the required value of the unit, and the operation of the compressor 21 is continued as much as possible while reducing the air conditioning capacity.
- the room temperature can be quickly brought close to the target room temperature, and thereafter, the air conditioning operation in a state where the air conditioning capacity is excessive can be suppressed and the frequency of the thermo on / off can be reduced.
- thermo-temperature range as the threshold temperature range is described as being set to the same temperature range for any of the indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c (FIGS. 3 to 7 and FIG. 8).
- any indoor unit is not limited to the one set to the same temperature range, and may have a different temperature range for each indoor unit.
- the start / stop frequency reduction rotational speed control is applied to the air conditioner that can be switched between the cooling operation and the heating operation.
- the present invention is not limited to this, for example, only for the cooling operation.
- the start / stop frequency reduction rotational speed control may be applied to the air conditioning apparatus or the air conditioning apparatus dedicated to heating operation.
- the present invention is configured by connecting an outdoor unit having a compressor and a plurality of indoor units, and performs air conditioning operation so that the indoor temperature in each indoor unit becomes the target indoor temperature in each indoor unit. Widely applicable to the harmony device.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の一実施形態にかかる空気調和装置1の概略構成図である。空気調和装置1は、蒸気圧縮式の冷凍サイクル運転を行うことによって、ビル等の屋内の空調に使用される装置である。空気調和装置1は、主として、室外ユニット2と、複数台(ここでは、3台)の室内ユニット4a、4b、4cとが接続されることによって構成されている。ここで、室外ユニット2と複数の室内ユニット4a、4b、4cとは、液冷媒連絡管6及びガス冷媒連絡管7を介して接続されている。すなわち、空気調和装置1の蒸気圧縮式の冷媒回路10は、室外ユニット2と複数の室内ユニット4a、4b、4cとが冷媒連絡管6、7を介して接続されることによって構成されている。尚、室内ユニットの台数は、3台に限定されるものではなく、3台よりも多くても少なくてもよい。
室内ユニット4a、4b、4cは、屋内に設置されている。室内ユニット4a、4b、4cは、冷媒連絡管6、7を介して室外ユニット2に接続されており、冷媒回路10の一部を構成している。
室外ユニット2は、屋外に設置されている。室外ユニット2は、冷媒連絡管6、7を介して室内ユニット4a、4b、4cに接続されており、冷媒回路10の一部を構成している。
冷媒連絡管6、7は、空気調和装置1を設置する際に、現地にて施工される冷媒管である。液冷媒連絡管6は、室外ユニット2の液側接続口(ここでは、液側閉鎖弁26)から延びており、途中で複数(ここでは、3台)の室内ユニット4a、4b、4cに分岐して、各室内ユニット4a、4b、4cの液側接続口(ここでは、室内膨張弁41a、41b、41cに接続される冷媒管)まで延びている。ガス冷媒連絡管7は、室外ユニット2のガス側接続口(ここでは、ガス側閉鎖弁27)から延びており、途中で複数(ここでは、3台)の室内ユニット4a、4b、4cに分岐して、各室内ユニット4a、4b、4cのガス側接続口(ここでは、室内熱交換器42a、42b、42cのガス側に接続される冷媒管)まで延びている。尚、冷媒連絡管6、7は、室外ユニット2及び室内ユニット4a、4b、4cの設置条件に応じて種々の長さや管径を有するものが使用される。
室内ユニット4a、4b、4cを個別に操作するためのリモートコントローラ49a、49b、49cと、室内ユニット4a、4b、4cの室内側制御部48a、48b、48cと、室外ユニット2の室外側制御部35とは、空気調和装置1全体の運転制御を行う制御部8を構成している。制御部8は、図2に示されるように、各種センサ29~34、45a~45c、46a~46c、47a~47c等の検出信号を受けることができるように接続されている。そして、制御部8は、これらの検出信号等に基づいて各種機器及び弁21a、22、25、28a、41a~41c、44a~44cを制御することによって、空調運転(冷房運転及び暖房運転)を行うことができるように構成されている。ここで、図2は、空気調和装置1の制御ブロック図である。
<基本動作>
次に、空気調和装置1の空調運転(冷房運転及び暖房運転)の基本動作について、図1を用いて説明する。
リモートコントローラ49a、49b、49cから冷房運転の指令がなされると、四路切換弁22が冷房運転状態(図1の四路切換弁22の実線で示された状態)に切り換えられて、圧縮機21、室外ファン28及び室内ファン43a、43b、43cが起動する。
リモートコントローラ49a、49b、49cから暖房運転の指令がなされると、四路切換弁22が暖房運転状態(図1の四路切換弁22の破線で示された状態)に切り換えられて、圧縮機21、室外ファン28及び室内ファン43a、43b、43cが起動する。
上記の空調運転(冷房運転及び暖房運転)においては、各室内ユニット4a、4b、4cにおける室内温度Tra、Trb、Trcが、各室内ユニット4a、4b、4cにおける目標室内温度Tras、Trbs、Trcsになるように、以下のような空調能力(冷房能力及び暖房能力)の制御が行われる。
空調運転が冷房運転である場合には、制御部8は、目標蒸発温度Tesに基づいて圧縮機21の容量を制御している。
空調運転が暖房運転である場合には、制御部8は、目標凝縮温度Tcsに基づいて圧縮機21の容量を制御している。
ここでは、上記の通常回転数制御及びサーモ制御を含む空調運転(冷房運転及び暖房運転)を行うことによって、各室内ユニット4a、4b、4cにおける室内温度Tra、Trb、Trcが、各室内ユニット4a、4b、4cにおける目標室内温度Tras、Trbs、Trcsになるように、空調能力(冷房能力及び暖房能力)が制御されるようになっている。
空気調和装置1には、以下のような特徴がある。
ここでは、上記のように、空調運転中のすべての室内ユニットにおける各室内温度が、空調運転中の各室内ユニットにおける目標室内温度を挟む所定の閾温度幅の範囲内にある場合(図8参照)に、空調能力の増加を要求している室内ユニットの要求値を除外して、空調能力の減少を要求している室内ユニットの要求値に基づいて、圧縮機21の回転数を制御する発停頻度低減回転数制御を行うようにしている。
また、ここでは、上記のように、発停頻度低減回転数制御を行うにあたり、空調能力の減少を要求している室内ユニットの要求値のうち空調能力の減少の程度が最も小さい要求値に基づいて、圧縮機21の回転数を制御するようにしている。このため、圧縮機21の回転数を低めに抑えるとともに、空調能力の増加を要求している室内ユニットにおいて空調能力が不足しがちになる傾向をできるだけ抑えることができる。
また、ここでは、上記のように、閾温度幅をサーモ温度幅に一致させるようにしている。これにより、すべての室内ユニットが室内サーモオフになるまで、圧縮機21の回転数を低めに抑えて、空調能力を小さくしつつ、圧縮機21の停止、すなわち、室外サーモオフの発生を抑えることができる。
また、ここでは、上記のように、空調運転中の室内ユニットのうち、室内温度が閾温度幅の範囲外で、かつ、空調能力の増加を要求している室内ユニットが存在する場合(図3及び図4参照)には、空調能力の増加を要求している室内ユニットの要求値のうち空調能力の増加の程度が最も大きい要求値に基づいて、圧縮機21の回転数を制御する通常回転数制御を行うようにしている。
<A>
上記実施形態では、閾温度幅としてのサーモ温度幅がいずれの室内ユニット4a、4b、4cについても同じ温度幅に設定しているような説明となっているが(図3~図7及び図8参照)、いずれの室内ユニットについても同じ温度幅に設定するものに限定されるものではなく、室内ユニットごとに異なる温度幅であってもよい。
上記実施形態では、冷房運転と暖房運転とが切り換え可能な空気調和装置に対して、発停頻度低減回転数制御を適用しているが、これに限定されるものではなく、例えば、冷房運転専用の空気調和装置や暖房運転専用の空気調和装置に対して、発停頻度低減回転数制御を適用してもよい。
2 室外ユニット
4a、4b、4c 室内ユニット
8 制御部
21 圧縮機
Claims (4)
- 圧縮機(21)を有する室外ユニット(2)と複数の室内ユニット(4a、4b、4c)とが接続されることによって構成されており、前記各室内ユニットにおける室内温度が前記各室内ユニットにおける目標室内温度になるように空調運転を行う空気調和装置において、
前記空調運転時に前記各室内ユニットにおける空調能力に関する要求値に基づいて前記圧縮機の回転数を制御する制御部(8)を備えており、
前記制御部は、前記空調運転中のすべての前記室内ユニットにおける前記各室内温度が、前記空調運転中の前記各室内ユニットにおける前記目標室内温度を挟む所定の閾温度幅の範囲内にある場合に、前記空調能力の増加を要求している前記室内ユニットの前記要求値を除外して、前記空調能力の減少を要求している前記室内ユニットの前記要求値に基づいて、前記圧縮機の回転数を制御する発停頻度低減回転数制御を行う、
空気調和装置(1)。 - 前記発停頻度低減回転数制御は、前記空調能力の減少を要求している前記室内ユニットの前記要求値のうち前記空調能力の減少の程度が最も小さい前記要求値に基づいて、前記圧縮機(21)の回転数を制御するものである、
請求項1に記載の空気調和装置(1)。 - 前記閾温度幅は、前記空調運転を行っている前記室内ユニット(4a、4b、4c)の前記空調運転を休止する室内サーモオフ、及び、前記室内サーモオフの状態の前記室内ユニットの前記空調運転を再開する室内サーモオンのタイミングを規定するサーモ温度幅である、
請求項1又は2に記載の空気調和装置(1)。 - 前記制御部(8)は、前記空調運転中の前記室内ユニット(4a、4b、4c)のうち、前記室内温度が前記閾温度幅の範囲外で、かつ、前記空調能力の増加を要求している前記室内ユニットが存在する場合に、前記空調能力の増加を要求している前記室内ユニットの前記要求値のうち前記空調能力の増加の程度が最も大きい前記要求値に基づいて、前記圧縮機(21)の回転数を制御する通常回転数制御を行う、
請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の空気調和装置(1)。
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