WO2016098538A1 - 絶縁型降圧コンバータ - Google Patents
絶縁型降圧コンバータ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016098538A1 WO2016098538A1 PCT/JP2015/082998 JP2015082998W WO2016098538A1 WO 2016098538 A1 WO2016098538 A1 WO 2016098538A1 JP 2015082998 W JP2015082998 W JP 2015082998W WO 2016098538 A1 WO2016098538 A1 WO 2016098538A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
- H01F27/38—Auxiliary core members; Auxiliary coils or windings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
- H01F27/22—Cooling by heat conduction through solid or powdered fillings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
- H01F27/2804—Printed windings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
- H01F27/2876—Cooling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/40—Structural association with built-in electric component, e.g. fuse
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/42—Circuits specially adapted for the purpose of modifying, or compensating for, electric characteristics of transformers, reactors, or choke coils
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F30/00—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00
- H01F30/06—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00 characterised by the structure
- H01F30/10—Single-phase transformers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/003—Constructional details, e.g. physical layout, assembly, wiring or busbar connections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/0296—Conductive pattern lay-out details not covered by sub groups H05K1/02 - H05K1/0295
- H05K1/0298—Multilayer circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/11—Printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
- H05K1/115—Via connections; Lands around holes or via connections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
- H01F27/2804—Printed windings
- H01F2027/2809—Printed windings on stacked layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
- H01F27/2804—Printed windings
- H01F2027/2819—Planar transformers with printed windings, e.g. surrounded by two cores and to be mounted on printed circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/40—Structural association with built-in electric component, e.g. fuse
- H01F2027/408—Association with diode or rectifier
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33573—Full-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an isolated step-down converter, and more particularly to an isolated step-down converter that generates a DC low voltage from a DC high voltage.
- Patent Publication 1 a step-down transformer is divided into two, two input coils are connected in series as an input circuit, and two smoothing coils are connected in parallel as an output circuit. It is connected.
- the amount of heat generation can be reduced and dispersed by dividing the smoothing coil into two and dispersing the current.
- the unbalance between the voltages applied to the input side coils of the two step-down transformers and the coupling imbalance between the input side coil and the output side coil of the step-down transformer are 2
- the currents flowing through each of the two smoothing coils are not equal, and the current value may become unbalanced. Therefore, it is necessary to leave a margin for the unbalance.
- the margin is taken from the viewpoint of suppressing an excessive temperature rise in one of the two smoothing coils due to an excessive current flowing in one of the two smoothing coils. It means to design a large area. However, if this is done, the smooth coil becomes large, which may lead to a result contrary to the high integration of semiconductor devices.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an insulating type that can equalize the current value flowing through each of the two smoothing coils and reduce the size of the smoothing coil. It is to provide a buck converter.
- the insulated step-down converter of the present invention includes first and second step-down transformers, each of which includes an input side coil and an output side coil.
- the first, second, third, and fourth series coils in which the output side coil of the first step-down transformer and the output side coil of the second step-down transformer are connected in series one by one, respectively.
- the third and fourth rectifying elements are connected in series.
- the first to fourth series coils are connected to the smoothing coil. Only one of the first and second series coils and only one of the third and fourth series coils, and the current flows alternately and simultaneously, and one of the first and second series coils and the third and Currents that simultaneously flow in two of the fourth series coils are connected to be in opposite directions.
- the smoothing coil can be reduced in size.
- FIG. 3 is a circuit block diagram of the isolated step-down converter according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing an arrangement of cores and multilayer printed circuit boards that constitute the step-down transformer according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a multilayer printed board at a portion along the line III-III in FIG. 2 after being finally assembled.
- FIG. 4D is a schematic diagram (D) showing a pattern on the fourth layer and the like.
- the bottom layer pattern of the input-side and output-side coils constituting the step-down transformer of the first example of the first embodiment shown in the circuit block diagram of FIG. 1, and the magnetic flux when the input-side drive circuit is in the second state Schematic diagram (A) showing the direction of the first embodiment, schematic diagram (B) showing the pattern of the second layer from the lowest layer of the input side and output side coil of the first example of the first embodiment, and the first embodiment Schematic (C) which shows the pattern etc. of the 3rd layer from the lowest layer of the said input side and the output side coil of the 1st example of this, and the lowest layer of the said input side and the output side coil of the 1st example of Embodiment 1 FIG.
- 4D is a schematic diagram (D) showing a pattern on the fourth layer and the like.
- the bottom layer pattern of the input side and output side coils constituting the step-down transformer of the second example of the first embodiment shown in the circuit block diagram of FIG. 1, and the magnetic flux when the input side drive circuit is in the first state Schematic diagram (A) showing the direction of the second embodiment, schematic diagram (B) showing the pattern of the second layer from the lowest layer of the input side and output side coil of the second example of the first embodiment, and the first embodiment Schematic (C) which shows the pattern etc.
- FIG. 4D is a schematic diagram (D) showing a pattern on the fourth layer and the like.
- FIG. 4D is a schematic diagram (D) showing a pattern on the fourth layer and the like.
- FIG. 4D is a schematic diagram (D) showing a pattern on the fourth layer and the like.
- a graph (A) showing the time change of the voltage applied to the input side coil
- a graph (B) showing the time change of the voltage applied to the output side coils 22A, 22B, 22E and 22F, and the output side coils 22C, 22D, 22G
- the graph (D) which shows the time change of the voltage applied to a smoothing coil
- the graph (E) which shows the time change of the electric current which flows into a smoothing coil.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a mode in which a portion along the line XX in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a circuit block diagram of an isolated step-down converter according to a second embodiment.
- FIG. The bottom layer pattern of the input side and output side coils constituting the step-down transformer of the first example of the second embodiment shown in the circuit block diagram of FIG. 11, and the magnetic flux when the input side drive circuit is in the first state
- Schematic diagram (A) showing the direction of the first embodiment
- schematic diagram (B) showing the pattern of the second layer from the lowest layer of the input side and output side coil of the first example of the second embodiment
- Schematic (C) which shows the pattern etc. of the 3rd layer from the lowest layer of the said input side and output side coil of the 1st example of FIG.
- FIG. 4D is a schematic diagram (D) showing a pattern on the fourth layer and the like.
- the bottom layer pattern of the input side and output side coils constituting the step-down transformer of the first example of the second embodiment shown in the circuit block diagram of FIG. 11, and the magnetic flux when the input side drive circuit is in the second state Schematic diagram (A) showing the direction of the first embodiment, schematic diagram (B) showing the pattern of the second layer from the lowest layer of the input side and output side coil of the first example of the second embodiment, and the second embodiment Schematic (C) which shows the pattern etc.
- FIG. 4D is a schematic diagram (D) showing a pattern on the fourth layer and the like.
- FIG. 4D is a schematic diagram (D) showing a pattern on the fourth layer and the like.
- FIG. 4D is a schematic diagram (D) showing a pattern on the fourth layer and the like.
- 6 is a circuit block diagram of an isolated step-down converter according to a third embodiment.
- FIG. The pattern of the lowest layer of the input side and output side coils constituting the step-down transformer of the first example of the third embodiment shown in the circuit block diagram of FIG. 16, and the magnetic flux when the input side drive circuit is in the first state
- Schematic diagram (A) showing the direction of the first embodiment
- schematic diagram (B) showing the pattern of the second layer from the lowest layer of the input side and output side coil of the first example of the third embodiment
- Schematic (C) which shows the pattern etc.
- FIG. 4D is a schematic diagram (D) showing a pattern on the fourth layer and the like. The pattern of the lowest layer of the input side and output side coils constituting the step-down transformer of the first example of the third embodiment shown in the circuit block diagram of FIG.
- FIG. 4D is a schematic diagram (D) showing a pattern on the fourth layer and the like.
- FIG. 4D is a schematic diagram (D) showing a pattern on the fourth layer and the like.
- FIG. 4D is a schematic diagram (D) showing a pattern on the fourth layer and the like.
- FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view showing an arrangement of a core and a multilayer printed board that constitute a step-down transformer according to a fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 22 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the multilayer printed board at a portion along the line XXII-XXII in FIG. 21 after the final assembly.
- the pattern of the lowest layer of the input side and output side coils constituting the step-down transformer of the fourth embodiment shown in the circuit block diagram of FIG. 11 and the direction of the magnetic flux when the input side drive circuit is in the first state are shown.
- FIG. 22 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an aspect in which a portion along the line XXV-XXV in FIG. 21 in the fourth embodiment is assembled and set in a heat radiator.
- FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view showing an arrangement of a core and a multilayer printed board that constitute a step-down transformer according to a fifth embodiment.
- an isolated step-down converter 101 of the present embodiment mainly includes an input side drive circuit 1, a step-down transformer 2, a rectifying element 31, a smoothing coil 42, and a control circuit 5. ing.
- the input side drive circuit 1 has four switching elements 11A, 11B, 11C, and 11D (these are collectively referred to as switching element 11).
- switching element 11 there are two types, a step-down transformer 2 ⁇ / b> A (first step-down transformer) and a step-down transformer 2 ⁇ / b> B (second step-down transformer).
- the rectifying element 31 has four rectifying elements 31A, 31B, 31C, and 31D.
- the smoothing coil 42 has a smoothing coil 42A (first smoothing coil) and a smoothing coil 42B (second smoothing coil).
- the switching element 11 is connected as shown in FIG. Specifically, switching elements 11A and 11B connected in series and switching elements 11C and 11D connected in series are connected in parallel.
- a connection point 12 exists between the switching element 11A and the switching element 11B, and a connection point 13 exists between the switching element 11C and the switching element 11D.
- two input side coils 21 ⁇ / b> A (first input side coil) and an input side coil 21 ⁇ / b> B (second input side) are connected in series as the input side coil 21. Coil).
- the control circuit 5 controls the switching elements 11A to 11D to turn on and off alternately. Specifically, the first state where the switching element 11A and the switching element 11D are turned on and the second state where the switching element 11B and the switching element 11C are turned on alternately appear at regular time intervals. Thereby, in the input side drive circuit 1, the input voltage from the voltage Vin of the DC power source 6 is in the opposite direction (one is a positive voltage and the other is between the first state and the second state). Applied to the input side coils 21A and 21B so as to be a negative voltage.
- the switching element 11 constitutes a so-called full bridge circuit by the four switching elements 11A to 11D.
- the mode of the switching element 11 is not limited to the mode of FIG. 1 as long as it is possible to alternately apply voltages in opposite directions to the input side coil 21 between the first and second states.
- a so-called half-bridge circuit composed of elements may be employed.
- the step-down transformers 2A and 2B have eight output side coils 22A, 22B, 22C, 22D, 22E, 22F, 22G and 22H as the output side coils 22.
- the output side coil 22A and the output side coil 22B are connected in series. Of the pair of end portions of the output side coils 22A and 22B connected in series, one end portion (the end portion on the output side coil 22B side) is at the reference potential 7 on the output side of the isolated step-down converter 101, and the other end portion is connected.
- the end (the end on the output side coil 22A side) is connected to the anode of the rectifying element 31A.
- the output side coil 22C and the output side coil 22D are connected in series.
- one end portion (the end portion on the output side coil 22C side) is at the reference potential 7 on the output side of the isolated step-down converter 101, and the other end portion is connected.
- the end (the end on the output side coil 22D side) is connected to the anode of the rectifying element 31B.
- the output side coil 22E and the output side coil 22F are connected in series.
- one end portion (the end portion on the output side coil 22F side) is at the reference potential 7 on the output side of the isolated step-down converter 101, and the other end portion is connected.
- the end (the end on the output side coil 22E side) is connected to the anode of the rectifying element 31C.
- the output side coil 22G and the output side coil 22H are connected in series.
- one end portion (the end portion on the output side coil 22G side) is set to the reference potential 7 on the output side of the isolated step-down converter 101, and the other end portion is connected.
- the end (the end on the output side coil 22H side) is connected to the anode of the rectifying element 31D.
- the smoothing coil 42A is connected to the cathodes of the rectifying element 31A and the rectifying element 31B, and the smoothing coil 42B is connected to the cathodes of the rectifying element 31C and the rectifying element 31D. Further, a smoothing capacitor 41 is connected to an end of the pair of ends of the smoothing coils 42A and 42B opposite to the side connected to the rectifying elements 31A to 31D. The output voltage Vo of the insulating step-down converter 101 is applied between both ends of the smoothing capacitor 41.
- Either one of the output side coil 22A and the output side coil 22B connected in series constitutes the step-down transformer 2A, and the other constitutes the step-down transformer 2B.
- one of the output side coil 22C and the output side coil 22D connected in series constitutes the step-down transformer 2A, and the other constitutes the step-down transformer 2B.
- One of the output side coil 22E and the output side coil 22F connected in series constitutes a step-down transformer 2A, and the other constitutes a step-down transformer 2B.
- One of the output side coil 22G and the output side coil 22H connected in series constitutes a step-down transformer 2A, and the other constitutes a step-down transformer 2B.
- step-down transformer 2 of the present embodiment mainly has E-type core 23A (first core), I-type core 24A, and multilayer printed circuit board 26 as step-down transformer 2A.
- the step-down transformer 2B mainly includes an E-type core 23B (second core), an I-type core 24B, and a multilayer printed board 26.
- the step-down transformer 2A and the step-down transformer 2B are arranged so as to be aligned with each other (for example, in the horizontal direction).
- the step-down transformer 2A and the step-down transformer 2B share the multilayer printed board 26.
- the E-type core 23A has outer legs 23A1, 23A2, a middle leg 23A3, and a core connecting portion 23A4 in FIG.
- the outer legs 23A1, 23A2 and the middle leg 23A3 extend from the core connecting portion 23A4 downward in FIG. 2, and the core connecting portion 23A4 is a region extending in the left-right direction in FIG.
- the E-type core 23B has outer legs 23B1 and 23B2, a middle leg 23B3, and a core connecting portion 23B4 in FIG.
- the outer legs 23B1, 23B2 and the middle legs 23B3 extend from the core connecting portion 23B4 downward in FIG. 2, and the core connecting portion 23B4 is a region extending in the left-right direction in FIG. Since FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view, it merely shows the arrangement of each member described above, and does not show an aspect in which these members are finally assembled inside the step-down transformer 2.
- the outer leg 23A1 (first outer leg) of the E-type core 23A extends in the same direction as the middle leg 23A3 (first middle leg), that is, the lower side in FIG. 2, and the middle leg 23A3 (see FIG. 2) They are spaced from each other (with respect to the left-right direction).
- the outer leg 23A2 (first other outer leg) is on the opposite side to the outer leg 23A1 with respect to the middle leg 23A3 (that is, on the right side of the middle leg 23A3 in FIG. 2). They are spaced apart from each other. That is, the two outer legs 23A1 and 23A2 in the E-type core 23A are arranged so as to sandwich the middle leg 23A3 from the left and right sides in FIG.
- the core connecting portion 23A4 intersects the extending direction of the outer legs 23A1, 23A2 and the middle legs 23A3 so that the outer legs 23A1, 23A2 and the middle legs 23A3 extending in the vertical direction in FIG. 2 are connected to each other at their upper ends. It is a part extended in the direction to perform (left-right direction of FIG. 2).
- the outer leg 23B1 (second one outer leg) of the E-type core 23B extends in the same direction as the middle leg 23B3 (second middle leg), that is, the downward direction in FIG. 2, and the middle leg 23B3 ( They are spaced from each other (with respect to the left-right direction in FIG. 2).
- the outer leg 23B2 (second other outer leg) is on the side opposite to the outer leg 23B1 with respect to the middle leg 23B3 (that is, on the right side of the middle leg 23B3 in FIG. 2) and the middle leg 23B3 (with respect to the horizontal direction in FIG. 2). They are spaced apart from each other.
- the two outer legs 23B1 and 23B2 in the E-type core 23B are arranged so as to sandwich the middle leg 23B3 from the left and right sides in FIG.
- the core connecting portion 23B4 intersects the extending direction of the outer legs 23B1, 23B2 and the middle leg 23B3 so that the outer legs 23B1, 23B2 and the middle leg 23B3 extending in the vertical direction in FIG. 2 are connected to each other at their upper ends. It is a part extended in the direction to perform (left-right direction of FIG. 2).
- the cross section intersecting the extending direction of the middle legs 23A3, 23B3 is larger than the cross section intersecting the extending direction of the outer legs 23A1, 23A2, 23B1, 23B2. More specifically, in FIG. 2, the areas of the cross sections of the outer legs 23A1, 23B1 and the outer legs 23A2, 23B2 are substantially equal, and the sum of the areas of the cross sections of the two outer legs 23A1 and the outer legs 23A2 ( The sum of the cross-sectional areas of the outer foot 23B1 and the outer foot 23B2) is substantially equal to the cross-sectional area of the middle foot 23A3 (the middle foot 23B3). However, it is not limited to such a mode.
- both E-type cores 23A and 23B have a shape like a letter “E” when viewed from the front side of FIG.
- the I-type cores 24A and 24B have a rectangular parallelepiped shape extending in the left-right direction in the drawing like the core connecting portions 23A4 and 23B4.
- the E-type cores 23A and 23B and the I-type cores 24A and 24B are all rectangular shapes (elongate shapes) having a congruent relationship with each other. Is preferred.
- the E-type cores 23A and 23B and the I-type cores 24A and 24B constitute the step-down transformers 2A and 2B by placing the E-type cores 23A and 23B in contact with the surfaces of the I-type cores 24A and 24B. It becomes a set like this.
- the E-type cores 23A and 23B and the I-type cores 24A and 24B are preferably formed of generally known ferrite.
- the multilayer printed board 26 is, for example, a flat plate member having a rectangular shape in plan view.
- the multilayer printed circuit board 26 has, for example, six through holes 26A1, 26A2, 26A3, 26B1, 26B2, so as to penetrate from one (upper side in the figure) main surface to the other (lower side in the figure) main surface. 26B3 are formed in a matrix at intervals.
- the multilayer printed circuit board 26 arranged so as to be sandwiched between the E-type core 23A and the I-type core 24A has the outer legs 23A1 having the through holes 26A1, the outer legs 23A2 having the through holes 26A2, and the middle legs 23A3 having the through holes 26A3. , Each is set to penetrate.
- the outer legs and middle legs 23A1, 23A2, and 23A3 are fixed so that the end portions (the lowermost part in FIG. 2) are placed on the long surface of the I-type core 24. Thereby, the step-down transformer 2A is assembled so that the outer legs 23A1, 23A2 and the middle legs 23A3 of the E-type core 23A partially penetrate the through holes 26A1, 26A2, 26A3.
- the multilayer printed circuit board 26 is set so that the outer leg 23B1 penetrates the through hole 26B1, the outer leg 23B2 penetrates the through hole 26B2, and the middle leg 23B3 penetrates the through hole 26B3.
- the assembled step-down transformer 2A two magnetic paths are formed by the outer legs 23A1 and the middle legs 23A3, and the outer legs 23A2 and the middle legs 23A3. The same applies to the step-down transformer 2B.
- two magnetic paths are formed by combining the E-type core and the I-type core.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- two E-type cores may be combined, or two EER-type cores may be combined. By doing so, a step-down transformer having two magnetic paths may be assembled.
- multilayer printed circuit board 26 after final assembly is based on a substrate body 37 of a generally known insulating material such as resin, and a plurality of, for example, copper This is a substrate on which a metal thin film pattern 20 is formed as a wiring.
- the multilayer printed board 26 of the present embodiment has, for example, a four-layer pattern of patterns 20A, 20B, 20C, and 20D. Of these, the lowermost pattern 20A may be formed so as to be in contact with the lowermost surface of the substrate body 37 (that is, the lowermost layer of the entire multilayer printed circuit board 26).
- the patterns 20A and 20D may be formed inside the multilayer printed board 26 (similar to the patterns 20B and 20C).
- the patterns 20A to 20D are spaced apart from each other with respect to the vertical direction in FIG. 3 by the substrate body portion 37 of an insulating material, and are not electrically connected (not short-circuited) unless connected by, for example, wiring vias. ) Mode.
- a multilayer printed board 26 having four layers of patterns 20A to 20D may be called a four-layer printed board.
- the four layers of patterns 20A to 20D By arranging the four layers of patterns 20A to 20D around the through holes 26A1 to 26A3, the peripheries of the through holes 26A1 to 26A3 and the like are surrounded by the patterns 20A to 20D.
- the output side coils 22A, 22B, 22E, and 22F are arranged as the same layer (on the same plane) as the pattern 20A of FIG. That is, the output side coils 22A, 22B, 22E, and 22F may be considered to be the same layer as the pattern 20A (a film corresponding to the pattern 20A).
- a coil formed as a copper thin film pattern It is.
- the output side coil 22A (fifth output side coil) is arranged so as to include a region between the outer foot 23B1 and the middle foot 23B3 of the step-down transformer 2B, and the output side coil 22B connected in series with this.
- the (first output side coil) is disposed so as to include a region between the outer leg 23A1 and the middle leg 23A3 of the step-down transformer 2A.
- the output side coil 22E (fourth output side coil) is arranged so as to include a region between the outer leg 23A2 and the middle leg 23A3 of the step-down transformer 2A, and is connected in series with the output side coil.
- 22F (8th output side coil) is arrange
- the output side coil 22B and the output side coil 22E constitute a step-down transformer 2A
- the output side coil 22A and the output side coil 22F constitute a step-down transformer 2B.
- the output side coils 22A, 22B, 22E, 22F extend linearly in a plan view at least in the region between the outer leg and the middle leg. That is, it can be considered that the output side coils 22A, 22B, 22E, and 22F are equivalent to winding around one half of the turn (0.5 turns) around the outer leg adjacent thereto.
- the output side coil 22F has a reference potential 7 at the bent portion on one end side (right side in FIG. 4A) of the linear region sandwiched between the outer foot 23B2 and the middle foot 23B3. It is connected. Further, on one end side (left side of FIG. 4A) of the linear region sandwiched between the outer leg 23A2 and the middle leg 23A3 of the output side coil 22E, the rectifying element 31C (fourth rectifying element) Are connected in series.
- input side coils 21A and 21B are arranged. That is, the input side coils 21A and 21B may be considered to be the same layer as the pattern 20B (a film corresponding to the pattern 20B), for example, a coil formed as a copper thin film pattern.
- the input side coil 21A is disposed so as to pass through a region between the outer foot 23A1 and the middle foot 23A3, a region between the outer foot 23A2 and the middle foot 23A3, and a region connecting the two regions. More specifically, the input side coil 21A is configured to wind around the middle leg 23A3 for two turns, for example, in a spiral shape as shown in the figure. There is a gap between the first turn and the second turn of the spiral input side coil 21A, and the two are not electrically short-circuited.
- the input side coil 21A extends linearly in each of the above-described regions, and is bent at a substantially right angle so as to cross between the regions. Accordingly, the input side coil 21A is wound around the middle leg 23A3 so as to draw a rectangular shape in plan view.
- the input side coil 21B is disposed so as to pass through a region between the outer foot 23B1 and the middle foot 23B3, a region between the outer foot 23B2 and the middle foot 23B3, and a region connecting the two regions. ing. More specifically, the input side coil 21B is configured to wind around the middle leg 23B3 for two turns, for example, in a spiral shape as shown in the figure. There is a gap between the first turn and the second turn of the spiral input side coil 21B, and the two are not electrically short-circuited.
- the input side coil 21 ⁇ / b> B extends linearly in each of the above-described regions, and is bent at a substantially right angle so as to straddle the regions. Thereby, the input side coil 21B is wound around the middle leg 23B3 so as to draw a rectangular shape in plan view.
- the input side coil 21A around which the middle leg 23A3 is wound constitutes a step-down transformer 2A
- the input side coil 21B around which the middle leg 23B3 is wound constitutes a step-down transformer 2B.
- input side coils 21A and 21B are arranged. That is, the input side coils 21A and 21B may be considered to be the same layer as the pattern 20C (a film corresponding to the pattern 20C), for example, a coil formed as a copper thin film pattern.
- the input side coils 21A and 21B in FIG. 4C are wound around the middle legs 23A3 and 23B3 in a spiral manner, for example, for two turns, in substantially the same manner as the input side coils 21A and 21B in FIG. It has become. 4B and the two-turn input side coils 21A and 21B of FIG. 4C are arranged in the vertical direction of FIG.
- the connection vias 25A and 25B extending in the thickness direction) are electrically connected, and a combination of these functions as one input side coil 21A and 21B.
- 4B corresponds to the connection points 12 and 13 in FIG. 1 on the side opposite to the end connected to the connection vias 25A and 25B of the input side coils 21A and 21B.
- a total of four turns of the input side coil 21A and a total of four turns of the input side coil 21B are configured.
- the input side coil 21A and the input side coil 21B are connected in series.
- this surface has the same pattern 20D as FIG.
- four output side coils 22C, 22D, 22G, and 22H are arranged. That is, the output side coils 22C, 22D, 22G, and 22H may be considered to be the same layer as the pattern 20D (a film corresponding to the pattern 20D). For example, a coil formed as a copper thin film pattern It is.
- the output side coil 22C (third output side coil) is arranged so as to include a region between the outer foot 23A2 and the middle foot 23A3 of the step-down transformer 2A, and an output side coil 22D connected in series with the output side coil 22D.
- the (seventh output side coil) is arranged so as to include a region between the outer foot 23B2 and the middle foot 23B3 of the step-down transformer 2B.
- the output side coil 22G (sixth output side coil) is disposed so as to include a region between the outer foot 23B1 and the middle foot 23B3 of the step-down transformer 2B, and is connected in series with the output side coil.
- 22H (second output side coil) is disposed so as to include a region between the outer leg 23A1 and the middle leg 23A3 of the step-down transformer 2A.
- the output side coil 22C and the output side coil 22H constitute a step-down transformer 2A
- the output side coil 22D and the output side coil 22G constitute a step-down transformer 2B.
- the output side coil sandwiched between the outer leg and the middle leg of the left core 23A in the figure constitutes the step-down transformer 2A
- the outer leg of the right core 23B in the figure constitutes a step-down transformer 2B.
- the output side coils 22C, 22D, 22G, and 22H extend linearly in a plan view at least in the region between the outer leg and the middle leg. In other words, it can be considered that the output side coils 22C, 22D, 22G, and 22H are equivalent to winding around one half of the turn (0.5 turns) around the adjacent outer leg.
- the output side coil 22C has a reference potential 7 connected to a bent portion on one end side (left side in FIG. 4D) of a linear region sandwiched between the outer foot 23A2 and the middle foot 23A3. . Further, on one end side (right side in FIG. 4D) of the linear region sandwiched between the outer leg 23B2 and the middle leg 23B3 of the output side coil 22D, the rectifying element 31B (third rectifying element) Are connected in series.
- the output side coil 22G has a reference potential 7 connected to a bent portion on one end side (right side in FIG. 4D) of a linear region sandwiched between the outer foot 23B1 and the middle foot 23B3. . Further, on one end side (left side of FIG. 4D) of the linear region sandwiched between the outer leg 23A1 and the middle leg 23A3 of the output side coil 22H, the rectifying element 31D (second rectifying element) Are connected in series.
- the multilayer printed circuit board 26 is formed so that the input side and output side coils are laminated together.
- the middle legs 23A3 and 23B3 of the E-type cores 23A and 23B penetrate the multilayer printed circuit board 26 so as to be surrounded by the input side and output side coils.
- the portion of the output side coils 22A to 22H that extends linearly in a plan view (sandwiched between the outer leg and the middle leg) is either one of the input side coils 21A and 21B directly above (below). At least partially overlap each other. For this reason, in comparison with the input side coils 21A and 21B, the width of which is narrow so that two turns can be spirally wound in the region between the outer legs 23A1 and 23A2 and the middle legs 23A3.
- the widths of the output side coils 22A to 22H arranged for only half (0.5 turns) are wide.
- switching element 11A and switching element 11D are turned on, and positive input voltage from DC power supply 6 is applied to input side coil 21. Is considered, and a first state in which current flows in the direction of the arrow in the figure from the connection point 12 to the connection point 13 of the switching element 11 is considered.
- FIG. 4B from the outside to the inside of the vortex of the input side coil 21A (from the inside to the outside of the vortex of the input side coil 21B), in FIG. A current flows from the inside of the vortex to the outside (from the outside to the inside of the vortex of the input side coil 21B).
- an upward magnetic flux S1 is generated in the middle legs 23A3 and 23B3 wound around the input side coils 21A and 21B, and the outer legs 23A1, 23A2, 23B1 and 23B2 have middle legs 23A3 and 23B3, respectively.
- a magnetic flux is formed in a loop shape according to two magnetic paths formed between the two. For this reason, the outer legs 23A1, 23A2, 23B1, and 23B2 generate a downward magnetic flux S2 that is opposite to the middle legs 23A3 and 23B3.
- the output side coils 22A, 22B, 22E, and 22F cancel the magnetic flux S1 in the middle legs 23A3 and 23B3 of FIGS. 4B and 4C.
- an induced electromotive force is generated so that the magnetic flux S2 is generated in the middle legs 23A3 and 23B3, and a current flows.
- a magnetic flux S1 tends to be generated in the outer legs 23A1, 23A2, 23B1, 23B2.
- the output coils 22C, 22D, 22G, and 22H also try to flow current based on the same theory as the output coils 22A, 22B, 22E, and 22F.
- the cores 23A1 to 23A3 and 23B1 to 23B3 in FIGS. 4 (A) and 4 (D) indicate the direction of the magnetic flux that is to be generated due to the situation shown in FIGS. 4 (B) and 4 (C). Yes.
- FIGS. 5B and 5C the switching element 11B and the switching element 11C (see FIG. 1) are turned on, and the input side coil 21 is negatively supplied from the DC power source 6.
- a second state in which a current flows from the connection point 13 to the connection point 12 of the switching element 11 is considered.
- FIG. 5B from the inside of the vortex of the input side coil 21A to the outside (from the outside to the inside of the vortex of the input side coil 21B), in FIG. A current flows from the outside to the inside of the vortex (from the inside to the outside of the vortex of the input side coil 21B).
- a magnetic flux S2 is generated in the middle legs 23A3 and 23B3 wound around the input side coil 21A, and a magnetic flux S1 is generated in the outer legs 23A1, 23A2, 23B1 and 23B2.
- the output side coils 22A, 22B, 22E, and 22F have magnetic flux changes occurring in the middle legs 23A3 and 23B3 in FIGS. 5B and 5C. Is induced, that is, an induced electromotive force is generated so that a magnetic flux S1 is generated, and a current flows. At this time, a magnetic flux S2 tends to be generated in the outer legs 23A1, 23A2, 23B1, 23B2. The same applies to the output side coils 22C, 22D, 22G, and 22H.
- the cores 23A1 to 23A3 and 23B1 to 23B3 in FIGS. 5A and 5D show the direction of the magnetic flux to be generated.
- the series connection of the output side coil 22C (third output side coil) and the output side coil 22D (seventh output side coil) is arranged as the same layer as the pattern 20A.
- the series connection of the output side coil 22E (fourth output side coil) and the output side coil 22F (eighth output side coil) is arranged as the same layer as the pattern 20D.
- FIG. 6 is different from FIG.
- the operation in the first state in which switching element 11A and switching element 11D (see FIG. 1) are turned on that is, the direction of magnetic flux of cores 23A1 to 23A3 and 23B1 to 23B3, input side coils 21A and 21B, and the output
- the direction of current in the side coils 22A to 22H is basically the same as that in FIG.
- the operation in the second state where switching element 11B and switching element 11C (see FIG. 1) are turned on that is, the direction of magnetic flux of cores 23A1 to 23A3 and 23B1 to 23B3, and input side coils 21A and 21B and
- the direction of current in the output side coils 22A to 22H is basically the same as that in FIG.
- the insulated step-down converter of the third example of the present embodiment basically has the same configuration as that of the first example.
- the first layer pattern 20A and the second layer pattern 20B (see FIG. 3) of the multilayer printed circuit board 26 are the same as FIGS. 4A and 4B, but the third layer pattern 20C and The configuration of the fourth layer pattern 20D is opposite to that shown in FIGS. That is, the same output side coils 22C, 22D, 22G, and 22H as in FIG. 4D correspond to the third layer pattern 20C shown in FIG. 8C, and the fourth layer pattern shown in FIG. 8D.
- the input side coils 21A and 21B corresponding to the pattern 20D are the same as those in FIG.
- the patterns 20A, 20B, 20C, and 20D are stacked in this order so as to correspond to the output side coil, the input side coil, the input side coil, and the output side coil, respectively.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the patterns 20A, 20B, 20C, and 20D may be stacked in this order so as to correspond to the output side coil, the input side coil, the output side coil, and the input side coil as in the third example.
- the patterns 20A, 20B, 20C, and 20D may be stacked in this order so as to correspond to the output side coil, the output side coil, the input side coil, and the input side coil, respectively.
- the input side drive circuit 1 causes the input side coil 21A and the input side coil 21B to have a positive voltage Vin in total. Therefore, a voltage of Vin / 2 is applied to each of the input side coil 21A and the input side coil 21B.
- the output side coils 22A and 22B through which current flows at this time are connected in series (first series coil) and the output side coils 22E and 22F are connected in series (fourth).
- a positive voltage is applied to each of the series coils.
- the voltage of the output side coil is lower than the voltage of the input side coil according to the ratio of the number of turns of the input side coil and the output side coil in the step-down transformers 2A, 2B (for example, the output side coil 22A connected in series).
- 22B is Vin / 8). Therefore, for example, the voltage applied to each output side coil 22A and the like is further reduced to Vin / 16.
- output side coils 22C and 22D are connected in series (third series coil) and output side coils 22G and 22H are connected in series (second series).
- the coil) is applied with a negative voltage whose phase is inverted (shifted by 180 °) with respect to the output side coils 22A, 22B, 22E, and 22F.
- ⁇ Vin / 8 (individual coils) Is ⁇ Vin / 16).
- Such a voltage is applied to the output side coils 22C, 22D, 22G, and 22H, but the current is cut off by the rectifying elements 31B and 31D as described above.
- FIG. 9A the input side coil 21A and the input side coil 21B have the phase reversed from the first state, A negative voltage -Vin is applied.
- FIG. 9B the output side coils 22A and 22B in which current does not flow at this time are connected in series (first series coil) and the output side coils 22E and 22F are connected in series (first).
- a negative voltage (the sum of the two in series is ⁇ Vin / 8) is applied to each of the four series coils.
- the output side coils 22C and 22D through which current flows at this time are connected in series (third series coil) and the output side coils 22G and 22H are connected in series (first).
- the voltage is applied to the two series coils) so that the sum of the two in series becomes a positive voltage Vin / 8.
- the voltage generated in the output side coil (output from the output side coil) is applied only in one direction by the current rectification in the rectifying elements 31A to 31D. It becomes the same mode as the DC voltage, and is further smoothed by the smoothing capacitor 41 and the smoothing coil 42). As described above, the smoothed DC voltage Vo is applied to both ends of the smoothing capacitor 41.
- the input side drive circuit 1 can apply voltages in opposite directions to the serial connection of the input side coil 21A and the input side coil 21B at regular time intervals.
- a DC input voltage can be converted into an AC voltage
- the step-down transformer 2 can perform step-down by mutual induction.
- the input side coil 21A and the output side coils 22B, 22E, 22H, and 22C are arranged so as to overlap each other at least partially.
- the input side coil 21B and the output side coils 22A, 22F, 22G, and 22D are arranged so as to overlap each other at least partially.
- each of the rectifying elements 31A to 31D has an intermediate leg each time the direction of the current flowing through the input side coils 21A and 21B changes between the two states shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 (FIGS. 6 and 7).
- the currents of the output side coils 22A to 22H that try to flow so as to generate a magnetic flux that cancels the change of the magnetic fluxes S1 and S2 passing through the inside of 23A3 and 23B3 are rectified.
- the output side coils 22A and 22B as the first series coil and the output side coils 22G and 22H as the second series coil
- the output side coils 22C and 22D as the third series coil and the first
- currents flow alternately through the first and fourth series coils and simultaneously through the second and third series coils.
- the AC voltage obtained by mutual induction between the input side coils 21A and 21B and the output side coils 22A to 22H is changed to a direct current. It can be converted to voltage and a direct current output can be obtained. Further, the DC output value can be further stabilized by the smoothing circuit.
- the directions of the currents of the first series coils 22A and 22B flowing simultaneously and the currents of the fourth series coils 22E and 22F are opposite to each other. Specifically, for example, in FIG. 4 (FIG. 6), a current flowing in the right direction flows in the first series coils 22A and 22B, and a current in the left direction flows in the fourth series coils 22E and 22F. Similarly, the directions of the currents of the second series coils 22G and 22H flowing simultaneously and the currents of the third series coils 22C and 22D are opposite to each other. Specifically, for example, in FIG. 5 (FIG.
- a leftward current flows through the second series coils 22G and 22H, and a rightward current flows through the third series coils 22C and 22D.
- two linear (equivalent to 0.5 turns) output side coils (for example, first and fourth series coils) through which a current flows simultaneously are combined to be equivalent to a one-turn coil in a pseudo manner.
- the step-down function can be performed as the step-down transformers 2A and 2B by using the output side coils 22A to 22H of one turn.
- the entire circuit is in a state where 0.5-turn output side coils 22A to 22H are arranged.
- the step-down ratio is a ratio of the voltage of the high-voltage input side coil of the step-down transformers 2A and 2B to the voltage of the low-voltage output side coil.
- the first series coils 22A and 22B and the third series coils 22C and 22D are used as the first smoothing coil 42A, and the second series coils 22G and 22H and the fourth series coils 22E and 22F are used as the second smoothing coil 42B. Are connected to each other. Therefore, the current flowing through the first and third series coils flows through the smoothing coil 42A, and the current flowing through the second and fourth series coils flows through the smoothing coil 42B.
- the upper part shows the time change of the voltage applied to the smoothing coil 42A
- the lower part shows the time change of the voltage applied to the smoothing coil 42B.
- the horizontal axes of these graphs are the first state shown in FIG. 4 (FIG. 6) and the second state shown in FIG. 5 (FIG. 7) so that they are aligned with the horizontal axes of FIGS.
- the vertical axis represents the voltage value V A of the smoothing coil 42A or the voltage value V B of the smoothing coil 42B.
- the reverse voltage -Vo of the smoothing capacitor 41 is applied.
- the slope of the current flowing through the smoothing coils 42A and 42B is a value obtained by dividing the value of the applied voltage by the inductance value of the coil.
- the upper part shows the current value I A flowing through the smoothing coil 42A
- the lower part shows the current value I B flowing through the smoothing coil 42B.
- the elapsed times 1 to 9 on the horizontal axis indicate the time at which the current value I A or I B has the maximum value or the minimum value as an unknown relative value.
- the values of the voltages applied to the input side coil 21A and the input side coil 21B are approximately equal between the two step-down transformers 2A and 2B.
- the voltage values of the four output side coils 22B, 22E, 22H, and 22C of the step-down transformer 2A and the four output side coils 22A, 22F, 22G, and 22D of the step-down transformer 2B are substantially equal. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 9D and 9E, the voltage applied to the smoothing coil 42A and the smoothing coil 42B and the value of the flowing current are equal.
- This state is, for example, a state in which the coupling balance is established between the step-down transformer 2A and the step-down transformer 2B due to the coupling balance between the input side coil and the output side coil.
- the voltage values of the four output side coils 22B, 22E, 22H, and 22C of the step-down transformer 2A are changed to the four output side coils 22A, 22F, 22G, and 22D of the step-down transformer 2B.
- it may be higher than the voltage value.
- the voltage waveforms applied to each of the first to fourth series coils are equal, and their amplitudes (the sum of the voltage values of the two output coils connected in series) Are substantially equal to each other (for example, V).
- the output side coil 22B having a high voltage and the output side coil 22A having a low voltage are connected in series (similarly, the output side coil 22E (/ 22H / 22C) having a high voltage and the output side having a low voltage).
- the coils 22F (/ 22G / 22D) are connected in series.
- the output side coils 22A to 22H that wind between the outer legs 23A1, 23A2, 23B1, 23B2 and the middle legs 23A1, 23B1 for 0.5 turns are employed.
- the number of turns of the output side coil is small, the energization distance of the output side coil can be shortened.
- the input side coil 21A and the input side coil 21B are both 4-turn coils, and each of the output side coils 22A to 22H is a 0.5-turn coil.
- 2B has a step-down ratio of 8: 1.
- the step down ratio can be 6: 1 if the input side coil has 5 turns. .
- the assembled step-down transformer in the portion along the line XX in FIG. 2 includes a radiator 51 and an I-type core placed so as to be in contact with, for example, the upper surface of radiator 51.
- one end of each of the first to fourth series coils of the output side coil 22 formed in the above-described manner on the multilayer printed board 26 is connected to the wiring 32. And (electrically) connected to each of the rectifying elements 31 (31A to 31D) placed on the surface of the radiator 51.
- the pair of end portions of the first to fourth series coils the other end portion on the side opposite to the one end portion leads to the heat radiator 51.
- each of the step-down transformers 2A and 2B is placed in contact with the radiator 51 on the lower side thereof. In other words, each of the step-down transformers 2A and 2B is placed on the surface of the radiator 51.
- the multilayer printed circuit board 26 is placed so as to be in contact with the radiator 51 with an insulating sheet 52 (insulating member) interposed at least in part. More specifically, between the radiator 51 and at least one of the input side coil 21 (21A, 21B) and at least one of the first to eighth output side coils 22 (22A to 22H) of the multilayer printed circuit board 26. Further, an insulating sheet 52 is disposed. The insulating sheet 52 is placed on at least a part of the surface of the radiator 51, and the multilayer printed board 26 is placed so as to be in contact with at least a part of the insulating sheet 52. For this reason, the output side coils 22A and 22B corresponding to the lowermost pattern 20A (see FIG. 3) formed on the multilayer printed board 26 can be placed so as to be in direct contact with the insulating sheet 52. Note that the cross-sectional shape of the radiator 51 is merely an example and is not limited thereto.
- Heat generated by driving at least one of the input side coils 21A and 21B and at least one of the output side coils 22A to 22H can be transmitted to the radiator 51 via the insulating sheet 52. Thereby, the input side coil 21 and the output side coil 22 of the multilayer printed circuit board 26 are cooled. Heat can be dissipated by cooling the radiator 51 with air or water.
- the output side coil 22 of the multilayer printed circuit board 26 is preferably fixed to the heat radiator 51 by screws 53.
- the multi-layer printed circuit board 26 can be stably fixed to the radiator 51 by the screws 53, and heat and electricity can be easily transmitted from the output side coil 22 to the radiator 51 through the screws 53. Further, the heat generated by the output side coil 22 can be transmitted through the contact surface between the lowermost pattern 20A (see FIG. 3) of the multilayer printed circuit board 26 and the radiator 51. Further, the output side coil 22 and the radiator 51 can be electrically connected through a contact surface between the lowermost pattern 20A (see FIG. 3) of the multilayer printed board 26 and the radiator 51.
- the output side coil 22 (pattern 20A) of the multilayer printed circuit board 26 to the radiator 51 (partially not shown).
- heat is transferred from the output side coil 22 to the radiator 51 via a path for directly transferring heat from the output side coil 22 to the radiator 51 and a screw 53 for fixing the output side coil 22.
- the first and second paths can also serve as a current path from the output side coil 22 to the radiator 51.
- the radiator 51 of the present embodiment can also be disposed as the reference potential 7 of the output side drive circuit including the output side coil 22 (22A to 22H) of the step-down transformer 2A. If the lowermost pattern 20A (see FIG. 3) formed on the multilayer printed circuit board 26 is an output side coil as described above, the second layer pattern 20B (see FIG. 3) is formed on the output side coil. The input coil and the radiator 51 on which the input coil is placed are arranged below the output side coil. Therefore, in this case, at least one of the output side coils 22A to 22H (22) can be disposed between the radiator 51 and at least one of the input side coils 21A and 21B (21).
- the insulating sheet 52 sandwiched between the output side coil 22 corresponding to the lowermost pattern 20 ⁇ / b> A of the multilayer printed circuit board 26 and the radiator 51 having the output side reference potential 7 is the insulating sheet 52 and the input side coil 21.
- the thickness of the insulating sheet 52 sandwiched between the output side coil 22 and the radiator 51 can be reduced. Therefore, the heat generated by the input side coil 21 and the output side coil 22 can be more easily transmitted to the radiator 51 through the insulating sheet 52.
- the input side coil 21 inside the multilayer printed board 26 has a path for transferring heat to the radiator 51 through the board body portion 37 of the multilayer printed board 26 and the connection via 25 (see FIGS. 4B and 4C). ) From the heat radiation pattern 28A, 28B, 28C to the heat radiator 51 through a pattern (not shown). Therefore, the heat generated from the input side coil 21 can be radiated with high efficiency.
- the heat radiation pattern 28A is connected to the input side coil 21A and the heat radiation pattern 28A is connected to the input side coil 21B.
- a pattern 28B is formed.
- a heat radiation pattern 28C may be formed between the heat radiation pattern 28A and the heat radiation pattern 28B so as to be connected to a connection portion between the input side coil 21A and the input side coil 21B in the third layer.
- the heat dissipating patterns 28A, 28B, and 28C are arranged, for example, in the left-right direction in FIG. Is arranged.
- the heat radiation patterns 28A, 28B, 28C are formed as the same layer as each of the patterns 20B, 20C, that is, as a pattern of a copper thin film, for example, like the input side coil 21.
- heat radiation vias 29A, 29B, and 29C as through holes are formed so as to penetrate these in the thickness direction of the multilayer printed board 26.
- Copper walls are applied to the wall surfaces of the heat dissipation vias 29A to 29C.
- the heat generated by the input side coil 21 is conducted into the heat radiation vias 29A to 29C and transmitted to a pattern (not shown) formed in the lowermost layer, for example. If the pattern (not shown) is in contact with the insulating sheet 52, for example, the heat generated by the input side coil 21 and the like is transmitted to the radiator 51 directly below the insulating sheet 52. Then, the heat is exhausted from the radiator 51.
- the heat of the patterns 20 ⁇ / b> A and 20 ⁇ / b> D may be transmitted by a route from the reference potential 7 to the radiator 51.
- a heat radiation pattern 28 ⁇ / b> A (pattern 20 ⁇ / b> A: the same layer as a part of the output side coil 22) is placed so as to be in contact with the upper surface of the central insulating sheet 52.
- the heat radiation patterns 28A to 28C and the heat radiation vias 29A to 29C are provided, the heat of the input side coil 21 and the output side coil 22 can be more efficiently transmitted to the insulating sheet 52 and the radiator 51.
- the heat radiation patterns 28A to 28C and the heat radiation vias 29A to 29C may not be formed in any of the first layer (A) to the fourth layer (D).
- the patterns 28A to 28C and the heat radiating vias 29A to 29C may be connected to radiate heat to the radiator 51 from there.
- the above radiator 51 may be integrated with a housing (not shown) that incorporates each component of the isolated step-down converter 101 of the present embodiment.
- the other end portion on the opposite side to the one end portion communicates with the casing.
- FIG. 11 showing the circuit configuration of the present embodiment
- FIGS. 12 to 13 showing the modes of the coils of the respective layers of the first example of the present embodiment are used to explain the second embodiment and the first embodiment.
- the isolated step-down converter 201 of the first example of the present embodiment basically has the same configuration as that of the isolated step-down converter 101 of the first embodiment.
- the insulation type step-down converter 201 has the reference potential 7 and the rectifying element 31A at one end (the end on the output side coil 22A side) of the pair of end portions of the output side coils 22A and 22B connected in series. Both are connected to the cathode.
- one of the pair of end portions of the output side coils 22A and 22B connected in series (the end portion on the output side coil 22B side) is at the reference potential 7.
- the other end portion (the end portion on the output side coil 22A side) is different from the configuration of the first embodiment (FIG. 1) in which it is connected to the anode of the rectifying element 31A.
- each of a total of four series coils such as the output side coils 22A and 22B (first series coils) connected in series is connected to the cathodes of the rectifying elements 31A to 31D.
- the other end is connected to the smoothing coils 42A and 42B.
- the anodes of the rectifying elements 31A to 31D are connected to the reference potential 7.
- 12A and 12D and FIGS. 13A and 13D unlike FIGS. 4A and 4D, the output side coil 22 is connected to the reference potential 7.
- this is not an essential part of the embodiment, and in FIGS. 12 (A) and 12 (D), it may be bent as in FIGS. 4 (A) and 4 (D).
- output side coil 22A (first output side coil) is disposed so as to include a region between outer leg 23A1 and middle leg 23A3 of step-down transformer 2A.
- Output coil 22B (fifth output coil) connected in series is arranged so as to include a region between outer leg 23B1 and middle leg 23B3 of step-down transformer 2B.
- the output side coil 22E (eighth output side coil) is arranged so as to include a region between the outer foot 23B2 and the middle foot 23B3 of the step-down transformer 2B, and is connected in series with the output side coil.
- the cathode of the rectifying element 31A and the reference potential 7 are connected to the left end of the output side coil 22A, and the cathode of the rectifying element 31C and the reference potential 7 are connected to the right end of the output side coil 22E, respectively.
- Yes. 12B and 12C are basically the same as FIGS. 4B and 4C.
- output side coil 22C (seventh output side coil) is arranged so as to include a region between outer leg 23B2 and middle leg 23B3 of step-down transformer 2B.
- Output series coil 22D (third output side coil) connected in series is arranged so as to include a region between outer leg 23A2 and middle leg 23A3 of step-down transformer 2A.
- the output side coil 22G (second output side coil) is arranged so as to include a region between the outer leg 23A1 and the middle leg 23A3 of the step-down transformer 2A, and the output side coil connected in series therewith.
- the cathode and reference potential 7 of the rectifier 31D are connected to the right end of the output side coil 22H, and the cathode and reference potential 7 of the rectifier 31B are connected to the right end of the output side coil 22D, respectively. Yes.
- the operation in the first state in which switching element 11A and switching element 11D (see FIG. 1) are turned on, that is, the direction of magnetic flux in cores 23A and 23B and the currents in input side coil 21 and output side coil 22 Is basically the same as FIG.
- the operation in the second state in which switching element 11 ⁇ / b> B and switching element 11 ⁇ / b> C (see FIG. 1) are turned on that is, the direction of magnetic flux in cores 23 ⁇ / b> A and 23 ⁇ / b> B and input side coil 21 and output side coil 22.
- the direction of current is basically the same as in FIG.
- the second example of the present embodiment has the same configuration as the first example of FIGS.
- the same reference numerals are given to the portions having “”, and the description thereof will not be repeated.
- the output side coil 22A first output side coil
- the output side coil 22B fifth output side coil
- the output side coil 22G second output-side coil
- output-side coil 22H ixth output-side coil
- the series connection of the output side coil 22C (seventh output side coil) and the output side coil 22D (third output side coil) is arranged as the same layer as the pattern 20A.
- the series connection of the output side coil 22E (eighth output side coil) and the output side coil 22F (fourth output side coil) is arranged as the same layer as the pattern 20D.
- the right end of the output side coil 22B and the right end of the output side coil 22C in FIG. 14A are connected to each other by a connecting portion (such as the same copper thin film pattern as the output side coil 22). .
- the cathode of the rectifying element 31A (first rectifying element) and the reference potential 7 are connected in series to the left end of the output side coil 22A.
- the cathode of the rectifying element 31B (third rectifying element) and the reference potential 7 are connected in series to the left end of the output side coil 22D.
- the output side coils 22A, 22B, 22C, and 22D are formed as an integral pattern.
- the left end portion of the output side coil 22G and the left end portion of the output side coil 22F in FIG. 14D are connected to each other by a connecting portion (such as the same copper thin film pattern as the output side coil 22). Yes.
- the cathode of the rectifying element 31D (second rectifying element) and the reference potential 7 are connected in series to the right end of the output side coil 22H.
- the cathode of the rectifying element 31C (fourth rectifying element) and the reference potential 7 are connected in series to the right end of the output side coil 22E.
- the output side coils 22E, 22F, 22G, and 22H are formed as an integral pattern.
- FIG. 14 is different from FIG. 12 in the above points.
- FIGS. 14 and 15 are basically the same as those of FIGS.
- FIG. 14 is the same as FIG. 12, and FIG. 15 is the same as FIG. Therefore, detailed description is omitted.
- the present embodiment having the above configuration has basically the same operational effects as those of the first embodiment. That is, even in the present embodiment, even if a coupling imbalance occurs between the two step-down transformers and the voltage values between the two output side coils are different, the current values of the two smoothing coils 42A and 42B. Can be made equal. For this reason, it is not necessary to take a margin between the smoothing coils 42A and 42B due to current imbalance between the two smoothing coils 42A and 42B, and the smoothing coils 42A and 42B can be downsized. Other functions and effects of the present embodiment are basically the same as those of the first embodiment.
- the third embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the following points.
- FIG. 16 showing the circuit configuration of the present embodiment
- FIGS. 17 to 18 showing the modes of the coils of the respective layers of the first example of the present embodiment will be described with reference to the first embodiment of the third embodiment.
- the isolated buck converter 301 of the first example of the present embodiment basically has the same configuration as that of the isolated buck converter 101 of the first embodiment.
- the rectifying element 31A is connected between the output side coil 22A and the output side coil 22B connected in series, and one of the pair of ends of the output side coils 22A and 22B connected in series.
- the reference potential 7 is connected to the end (the end on the output side coil 22B side).
- one of the pair of end portions of the output side coils 22A and 22B connected in series (the end portion on the output side coil 22B side) is at the reference potential 7.
- the other end portion (the end portion on the output side coil 22A side) is different from the configuration of the first embodiment (FIG. 1) in which it is connected to the anode of the rectifying element 31A.
- the anode of rectifier 31A (first rectifier) is output to output side coil 22B (first output side coil), and the cathode of rectifier 31A is output. It is connected to the side coil 22A (fifth output side coil). Even when the rectifying element 31A is connected between the two output side coils 22A and 22B in this manner (similar to the two output side coils 22A and 22B connected in series so as to be adjacent to each other), the output is used here.
- the side coil 22A and the output side coil 22B are connected in series to constitute a first series coil.
- the rectifying element 31A is connected to the outside of the two output side coils 22A and 22B connected in series as in the first embodiment (one end side of the first series coil including the output side coils 22A and 22B). However, it may be connected between the two output side coils 22A and 22B connected in series as in the present embodiment. Here, it is assumed that the rectifying element 31A is connected in series to the output side coils 22A and 22B even in the case of the present embodiment.
- the rectifier 31C (the eighth output coil) is connected between the output coil 22E (fourth output coil) and the output coil 22F (eight output coil) connected in series.
- the reference potential 7 is connected to one end (the end on the output side coil 22F side) of the pair of ends of the output side coils 22E and 22F connected in series.
- the anode of the rectifying element 31C is connected to the output side coil 22F, and the cathode of the rectifying element 31C is connected to the output side coil 22E.
- 17B and 17C are basically the same as FIGS. 4B and 4C.
- a rectifying element 31D (first output) is connected between output-side coil 22G (sixth output-side coil) and output-side coil 22H (second output-side coil) connected in series.
- the reference potential 7 is connected to one end portion (the end portion on the output side coil 22G side) of the pair of end portions of the output side coils 22G and 22H connected in series.
- the anode of the rectifying element 31D is connected to the output side coil 22G, and the cathode of the rectifying element 31D is connected to the output side coil 22H.
- a rectifying element 31B (third rectifying element) is connected in series between the output side coil 22C (third output side coil) and the output side coil 22D (seventh output side coil) connected in series.
- the reference potential 7 is connected to one end portion (end portion on the output side coil 22C side) of the pair of end portions of the output side coils 22C and 22D.
- the anode of the rectifying element 31B is connected to the output side coil 22C, and the cathode of the rectifying element 31B is connected to the output side coil 22D.
- one end of the first series coils 22A and 22B connected in series is connected to the reference potential 7, while the other end is connected to the smoothing coil 42A and the like.
- the directions of magnetic flux and current in the first state shown in FIG. 17 are basically the same as those in FIG. 4, and the second state shown in FIG.
- the directions of magnetic flux and current in the elements 11B and 11C are turned on are basically the same as those in FIG. Therefore, detailed description is omitted.
- the second example of the present embodiment has the same configuration as that of the first example of FIGS.
- the same reference numerals are given to the portions having “”, and the description thereof will not be repeated.
- the output side coil 22A (fifth output side coil), the output side coil 22B (first output side coil), and the output side coil 22G (sixth output side coil) and output side coil 22H (second output side coil) are arranged at the same positions as in the first example.
- 19B and 19C are basically the same as FIGS. 17B and 17C.
- the series connection of the output side coil 22C (third output side coil) and the output side coil 22D (seventh output side coil) is arranged as the same layer as the pattern 20A.
- the series connection of the output side coil 22E (fourth output side coil) and the output side coil 22F (eighth output side coil) is arranged as the same layer as the pattern 20D.
- the left end of the output side coil 22B and the left end of the output side coil 22C in FIG. 19A are connected to each other by a connecting portion (the same copper thin film pattern as the output side coil 22).
- the reference potential 7 is connected to the connecting portion.
- FIG. 19 is different from FIG. 17 in the above points.
- FIGS. 19 and 20 are basically the same as those of FIGS.
- FIG. 19 is the same as FIG. 17
- FIG. 20 is the same as FIG. Therefore, detailed description is omitted.
- the fourth embodiment differs from the second embodiment in the following points.
- the structure of each member constituting the step-down transformer 2 in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
- the circuit configuration of the present embodiment is the same as the circuit configuration of isolated step-down converter 201 in the second embodiment of FIG.
- FIGS. 23 and 24 the planar shape of the pattern of coils 21 and 22 in each layer and the connection mode between reference potential 7 and rectifying elements 31A to 31D in the present embodiment are basically shown in FIGS. 15 is the same as the pattern of the coils 21 and 22 of each layer of the multilayer printed board 26 in the second example of the second embodiment. Therefore, detailed description of each part is omitted.
- the output coil 22 of the lowermost first layer and the uppermost fourth layer are disposed as copper flat members. That is, the first layer output side coils 22A, 22B, 22C and 22D are formed by a metal plate 27A such as a copper plate, and the fourth layer output side coils 22E, 22F, 22G and 22H are formed by a metal plate 27B such as a copper plate, respectively.
- the metal plates 27A and 27B aluminum or the like may be used instead of copper.
- the present embodiment is different from the second embodiment in which the lowermost first layer and the uppermost fourth layer are formed by copper thin film patterns 20A and 20D.
- FIGS. 23B and 23C and FIGS. 24B and 24C in this embodiment as well, 2 coils from the lowest layer among the coils formed on the four-layer multilayer printed circuit board 26 are used.
- the layer pattern 20B and the third layer pattern 20C the same metal (copper) thin film pattern as in the first to third embodiments is formed.
- the metal plates 27A and 27B are formed so as to be in contact with the lowermost surface and the uppermost surface of the substrate main body 37, respectively, similarly to the patterns 20A and 20D of FIG.
- metal plates 27A and 27B are formed thicker than patterns 20B and 20C.
- the metal plates 27A and 27B are formed so as to have a width longer than the width of the multilayer printed board 26 in the depth direction of FIG. 21, that is, so as to protrude from both ends of the multilayer printed board 26 in the depth direction of FIG. Also good.
- the metal plates 27A and 27B and the patterns 20B and 20C are arranged at intervals from each other (so as not to be short-circuited with each other) by the substrate body portion 37 of insulating material. ing.
- the directions of magnetic flux and current in the first state shown in FIG. 23 are basically the same as those in FIG. 4, and the second state (switching in FIG. 24)
- the directions of magnetic flux and current in the elements 11B and 11C are turned on are basically the same as those in FIG. Therefore, detailed description is omitted.
- the heat radiation patterns 28A to 28C shown in FIGS. 23A to 23D and FIGS. 24A to 24D are formed of a copper thin film pattern as in the other embodiments. However, at least in the layer in which the metal plates 27A and 27B are formed as in FIGS. 23A and 23D, the copper thin film pattern is not formed in the region overlapping the region in which the metal plates 27A and 27B are formed. .
- the present embodiment can provide the following operational effects.
- the output side coil 22 is formed of the metal plates 27A and 27B as the flat plate members made of copper, the thickness of the output side coil 22 is larger than when the output side coil 22 is formed as a thin film pattern. For this reason, the output side coil 22 of this Embodiment can enlarge the energization cross-sectional area. Therefore, even if the output current of the isolated step-down converter increases and the current of the output side coil 22 increases, the amount of heat generated by the output side coil 22 can be reduced in the present embodiment.
- the output side coils 22A and 22B (first series coil) and the output side coils 22C and 22D (third series coil). Are connected to each other by a connecting portion.
- the output side coils 22E and 22F (fourth series coil) and the output side coils 22G and 22H (second series coil) are connected to each other by a connecting portion. For this reason, manufacturing cost can be reduced compared with the case where between each of these series coils is a separate body.
- the two metal plates 27A and the metal plate 27B have the same shape and size with the same planar shape and thickness. In this way, the manufacturing cost of the metal plates 27A and 27B can be reduced compared to the case where the shapes and sizes of the metal plate 27A and the metal plate 27B are different.
- the assembled step-down transformer in the portion along the line XXV-XXV in FIG. 21 is basically the same as the configuration and the function and effect in Embodiment 1 in FIG.
- the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted, but differs in the following points.
- the reference potential 7 is connected to the anode of the rectifying element 31 and is not directly connected to the output side coil 22. For this reason, in FIG. 25, the output side coil 22 and the radiator 51 having the reference potential 7 are not fastened with screws.
- the metal plate 27A and the metal plate 27B are in contact with the radiator 51 by interposing an insulating sheet 52A without using a screw at the end to which the smoothing coil 42 is connected.
- the heat generated by the output side coil 22 is transferred to the radiator 51 for heat dissipation.
- the fifth embodiment differs from the third embodiment in the following points.
- the structure of each member constituting the step-down transformer 2 in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
- the circuit configuration of the present embodiment is the same as the circuit configuration of isolated step-down converter 301 in the third embodiment of FIG.
- FIGS. 27 and 28 the planar shape of the pattern of coils 21 and 22 in each layer and the connection mode between reference potential 7 and rectifying elements 31A to 31D in the present embodiment are as shown in FIGS. This is the same as the pattern of the coils 21 and 22 in each layer of the multilayer printed board 26 in the second example of the third embodiment. Therefore, detailed description of each part is omitted.
- a metal plate 27A and a metal plate 27B are disposed as copper flat members.
- the metal plate 27A of the first layer includes the metal plate 27A1 including the output side coils 22B and 22C in the left half region of FIG. 27A constituting the step-down transformer 2A, and FIG. 27A constituting the step-down transformer 2B. And a metal plate 27A2 including the output side coils 22A and 22D in the right half region. That is, as for the metal plate 27A2 on the right side, similarly to the metal plate 27A1, the output side coil 22A and the output side coil 22D are connected and integrated by a connecting portion, and FIG. 27 and FIG. There is a slight difference in the planar shape.
- the metal plate 27B of the fourth layer includes the metal plate 27B1 including the output side coils 22H and 22E in the left half region of FIG. 27D constituting the step-down transformer 2A, and FIG. 27D constituting the step-down transformer 2B. And the metal plate 27B2 including the output side coils 22G and 22F in the right half region. That is, the left side metal plate 27B1 is similar to the metal plate 27B2 in that the output side coil 22H and the output side coil 22E are connected and integrated by the connecting portion, and FIGS. There is a slight difference in the planar shape.
- the reference potential 7 may be directly connected to the connecting portion between the output side coil 22B and the output side coil 22C in the metal plate 27A1 and the connecting portion between the output side coil 22F and the output side coil 22G in the metal plate 27B2.
- the input side coils 21A and 21B shown in FIGS. 27B and 27C are formed by a copper thin film pattern.
- the present embodiment is different from the third embodiment in which the lowermost first layer and the uppermost fourth layer are formed by copper thin film patterns 20A and 20D.
- the directions of magnetic flux and current in the first state shown in FIG. 27 are basically the same as those in FIG. 4, and the second state shown in FIG.
- the directions of magnetic flux and current in the elements 11B and 11C are turned on are basically the same as those in FIG. Therefore, detailed description is omitted.
- the first layer in which the first series coil and the fourth series coil through which current flows simultaneously are the same as each other, for example, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
- the second series coil and the third series coil, which are arranged on the same plane and through which current flows simultaneously, are on the same second layer (on the same plane) different from the first layer. Be placed.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the first series coil and the third series coil through which current flows simultaneously may be arranged in the first layer or the second layer, which are the same layer. In this case, for example, the output side coils 22A and 22B become the first series coil, and the output side coils 22E and 22F become the third series coil.
- the first series coil and the fourth series coil through which current flows simultaneously are different layers (different planes) as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, for example.
- the second series coil and the third series coil through which current flows simultaneously are arranged in different layers (on different planes).
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the first series coil and the third series coil through which current flows simultaneously are arranged in different layers (the first series coil and the fourth series coil are arranged in the same layer). May be.
- the series coils 22A and 22B serve as the first secondary coil
- the series coils 22E and 22F serve as the third secondary coil.
Abstract
Description
(実施の形態1)
まず図1を用いて、本実施の形態の絶縁型降圧コンバータを構成する回路について説明する。
図10を参照して、図2のX-X線に沿う部分における組立後の降圧トランスは、放熱器51と、放熱器51のたとえば上側の表面上に接するように載置されたI型コア24A,24Bと、I型コア24A,24Bの表面上に(放熱器51の表面に接するように)載置されたE型コア23A,23Bと、放熱器51の表面上の多層プリント基板26とを主に有している。
実施の形態2は実施の形態1と、以下の点において異なっている。ここで本実施の形態の回路構成を示す図11および本実施の形態の第1例の各層のコイルの態様を示す図12~図13を用いて、実施の形態2の実施の形態1との差異について説明する。
以上の構成を有する本実施の形態は、基本的に実施の形態1と同様の作用効果を奏する。すなわち本実施の形態においても、たとえ2つの降圧トランスの間に結合アンバランスが起こって両者の出力側コイル間の電圧値が異なるものになったとしても、2つの平滑コイル42A,42Bの電流値を等しくすることができる。このため、2つの平滑コイル42A,42B間の電流アンバランスにより平滑コイル42A,42Bのマージンを取る必要がなくなり、平滑コイル42A,42Bを小型化することができる。本実施の形態のその他の作用効果についても、基本的に実施の形態1と同様である。
実施の形態3は実施の形態1と、以下の点において異なっている。ここで本実施の形態の回路構成を示す図16および本実施の形態の第1例の各層のコイルの態様を示す図17~図18を用いて、実施の形態3の実施の形態1との差異について説明する。
実施の形態4は実施の形態2と、以下の点において異なっている。まず図21~図24を用いて、本実施の形態における降圧トランス2を構成する各部材の構造について説明する。なお本実施の形態の回路構成は、図11の実施の形態2における絶縁型降圧コンバータ201の回路構成と同様である。
図25を参照して、図21のXXV-XXV線に沿う部分における組立後の降圧トランスは、基本的に図12の実施の形態1における構成およびその作用効果と同様であるため、図12と同一の構成要素については同様の符号を付しその説明を省略するが、以下の点において異なっている。
実施の形態5は実施の形態3と、以下の点において異なっている。まず図26~図28を用いて、本実施の形態における降圧トランス2を構成する各部材の構造について説明する。なお本実施の形態の回路構成は、図16の実施の形態3における絶縁型降圧コンバータ301の回路構成と同様である。
Claims (9)
- 互いに並んで配置される第1および第2の降圧トランスを備え、
前記第1の降圧トランスは、
第1の中足と、前記第1の中足と同方向に延びるように前記第1の中足と間隔をあけて配置される第1の一方外足と、前記第1の中足に対して前記第1の一方外足と反対側に、前記第1の中足と間隔をあけて配置される第1の他方外足とを含む第1のコアと、
前記第1のコアの前記第1の中足の周囲に巻回される第1の入力側コイルと、
前記第1の一方外足と前記第1の中足との間に、前記第1の入力側コイルの少なくとも一部と重なり、かつ互いに間隔をあけて配置される第1および第2の出力側コイルと、
前記第1の他方外足と前記第1の中足との間に、前記第1の入力側コイルの少なくとも一部と重なり、かつ互いに間隔をあけて配置される第3および第4の出力側コイルとを含み、
前記第2の降圧トランスは、
第2の中足と、前記第2の中足と同方向に延びるように前記第2の中足と間隔をあけて配置される第2の一方外足と、前記第2の中足に対して前記第2の一方外足と反対側に、前記第2の中足と間隔をあけて配置される第2の他方外足とを含む第2のコアと、
前記第2のコアの前記第2の中足の周囲に巻回され、前記第1の入力側コイルと直列に接続される第2の入力側コイルと、
前記第2の一方外足と前記第2の中足との間に、前記第2の入力側コイルの少なくとも一部と重なり、かつ互いに間隔をあけて配置され、前記第1および第2の出力側コイルのそれぞれと直列に接続される第5および第6の出力側コイルと、
前記第2の他方外足と前記第2の中足との間に、前記第2の入力側コイルの少なくとも一部と重なり、かつ互いに間隔をあけて配置され、前記第3および第4の出力側コイルのそれぞれと直列に接続される第7および第8の出力側コイルとを含み、
前記第1および第5の出力側コイルに直列接続された第1の整流素子と、
前記第2および第6の出力側コイルに直列接続された第2の整流素子と、
前記第3および第7の出力側コイルに直列接続された第3の整流素子と、
前記第4および第8の出力側コイルに直列接続された第4の整流素子と、
前記第1および第5の出力側コイルが直列接続された第1の直列コイルと、前記第3および第7の出力側コイルが直列接続された第3の直列コイルとに接続される第1の平滑コイルと、
前記第2および第6の出力側コイルが直列接続された第2の直列コイルと、前記第4および第8の出力側コイルが直列接続された第4の直列コイルとに接続される第2の平滑コイルとをさらに備え、
前記第1、第2、第3および第4の整流素子は、前記第1および第2の入力側コイルに流れる電流の方向が変化するごとに前記中足内を通る磁束を打ち消すように、第1および第2の直列コイルのいずれかならびに第3および第4の直列コイルのいずれか、のみに交互に同時に電流が流れ、かつ、第1および第2の直列コイルのいずれかならびに第3および第4の直列コイルのいずれか、の2つに同時に流れる電流は互いに反対方向となるように接続されている、絶縁型降圧コンバータ。 - 前記第1および第2の直列コイルのいずれか一方ならびに前記第3および第4の直列コイルのいずれか一方は同時に電流が流れかつ互いに同一の第1の層に配置され、前記第1および第2の直列コイルのいずれか他方ならびに前記第3および第4の直列コイルのいずれか他方は同時に電流が流れかつ前記第1の層とは異なる互いに同一の第2の層に配置される、請求項1に記載の絶縁型降圧コンバータ。
- 前記第1および第2の直列コイルのいずれか一方ならびに前記第3および第4の直列コイルのいずれか一方は同時に電流が流れかつ互いに異なる層に配置され、前記第1および第2の直列コイルのいずれか他方ならびに前記第3および第4の直列コイルのいずれか他方は同時に電流が流れかつ互いに異なる層に配置される、請求項1に記載の絶縁型降圧コンバータ。
- 前記第1、第2、第3、第4、第5、第6、第7および第8の出力側コイルのそれぞれは、平面視において直線状に延びている、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の絶縁型降圧コンバータ。
- 前記第1および第2の入力側コイルに、一定の時間間隔ごとに交互に互いに反対方向の電圧を印加する入力側駆動回路をさらに備える、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の絶縁型降圧コンバータ。
- 前記第1および第2の降圧トランスと接するように配置される放熱器と、
前記放熱器と、前記第1および第2の入力側コイルの少なくともいずれかならびに前記第1、第2、第3、第4、第5、第6、第7および第8の出力側コイルの少なくともいずれかとの間に配置される絶縁部材とをさらに備え、
前記第1および第2の入力側コイルの少なくともいずれか、ならびに前記第1、第2、第3、第4、第5、第6、第7および第8の出力側コイルの少なくともいずれかの発熱を前記絶縁部材を介在して前記放熱器に伝える、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の絶縁型降圧コンバータ。 - 前記放熱器と、前記第1および第2の入力側コイルの少なくともいずれかとの間に、前記第1、第2、第3、第4、第5、第6、第7および第8の出力側コイルの少なくともいずれかが配置され、
前記放熱器は、前記第1および第2の降圧トランスの前記第1、第2、第3、第4、第5、第6、第7および第8の出力側コイルを含む出力側駆動回路の基準電位として配置される、請求項6に記載の絶縁型降圧コンバータ。 - 前記第1および第2の入力側コイルに接続され、前記第1および第2の入力側コイルの発熱を前記絶縁部材まで伝える放熱パターンおよび放熱ビアを含む、請求項6または7に記載の絶縁型降圧コンバータ。
- 前記第1、第2、第3、第4、第5、第6、第7および第8の出力側コイルは、銅製の平板部材として形成される、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の絶縁型降圧コンバータ。
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