Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
  • C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
  • C08K5/3412—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having one nitrogen atom in the ring
  • C08K5/3432—Six-membered rings
  • C08K5/3435—Piperidines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
  • C08K5/14—Peroxides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F110/00—Homopolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
  • C08F110/02—Ethene
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F118/00—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid or of a haloformic acid
  • C08F118/02—Esters of monocarboxylic acids
  • C08F118/04—Vinyl esters
  • C08F118/08—Vinyl acetate
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
  • C08J3/24—Crosslinking, e.g. vulcanising, of macromolecules
  • C08J3/242—Applying crosslinking or accelerating agent onto compounding ingredients such as fillers, reinforcements
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
  • C08K5/07—Aldehydes; Ketones
  • C08K5/08—Quinones
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
  • C08K5/32—Compounds containing nitrogen bound to oxygen
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F2810/00—Chemical modification of a polymer
  • C08F2810/20—Chemical modification of a polymer leading to a crosslinking, either explicitly or inherently
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
  • C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
  • C08J2323/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
  • C08J2323/06—Polyethene
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2331/00—Characterised by the use of copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, or carbonic acid, or of a haloformic acid
  • C08J2331/02—Characterised by the use of omopolymers or copolymers of esters of monocarboxylic acids
  • C08J2331/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl acetate

Definitions

• the present invention relates to compositions and methods for creating liquid or meltable solid peroxide formulations with increased scorch protection, and products made by those methods.
• thermoplastic polymers and elastomers are solid materials at room temperatures, in order to add the free radical crosslinking agent and any other desired ingredients such as dyes, pigments, fillers, antioxidants, UV and heat stabilizers and the like into the polymer, the polymers must be mechanically mixed with the free radical crosslinking agent and any of the other desired ingredients at temperatures sufficiently elevated to allow the polymers to flow in the mixing equipment.
• the crosslinking period and the time from the addition of the free radical precursor up to incipient cross linkage are dependent on the thermal decomposition rate (conveniently expressed as the half-life period) of the free radical initiators employed as crosslinking agents.
• U.S. Patent No. 5,245,084 discloses the use of organic peroxides suitable for crosslinking thermoplastics and elastomers in combination with a specific group of hydroquinones and a crosslinkage promoter selected from crosslinkage promoters normally used in these applications.
• U.S. Patent No. 6,197,231 teaches the use of a combination of free radical initiators (either organic peroxides or a specific class of azo initiators) in combination with hydroquinones, crosslinkage promoters and known sulfur releasing sulfur accelerators for extending scorch time without adverse effects on cure time or cure density for thermoplastics, elastomers and their mixtures.
• Embodiments of the present invention relate to organic peroxide compositions comprising scorch retarders. Embodiments of the invention also relate to
• crosslinkable elastomer compositions processes for curing the elastomers, and products made by such processes
• the scorch retarders 4-hydroxy-TEMPO (4-OHT; 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6- tetramethylpiperidin-l-oxyl) and mono-tert-butylhydroquinone (MTBHQ) have very limited solubility in organic peroxides.
• MTBHQ mono-tert-butylhydroquinone
• homogeneous liquid and meltable solid peroxide formulations can be created without the need for filler, or with very little filler. Furthermore, it is possible to melt the peroxide formulations or spray the liquid formulations onto fillers, if such a form is desired.
• Non-limiting examples of applications for the peroxide formulations of the present invention include the use of liquid and filler-extended grades of the organic peroxides for crosslinked HDPE rotational molding; PEX-a pipe production; injection molded, compression molded, transfer molded crosslinked goods; wire and cable; general crosslinked elastomers, rubber and polymers; modification of polymer molecular weight and grafting of agents such as maleic anhydride (MAH) and glycidyl methacrylate; dynamic vulcanization for production of TPV (thermoplastic vulcanizates); and crosslinked rubber or polymer foams.
• MAH maleic anhydride
• TPV thermoplastic vulcanizates
• Embodiments of the present invention relate to an organic peroxide formulation comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of at least one organic peroxide, at least one nitroxide-containing compound (e.g., 4-OHT), and at least one quinone-containing compound (e.g., MTBHQ).
• the formulation provides longer scorch time protection and less total additive in comparison to prior art formulations.
• Embodiments of the present invention also relate to an elastomer composition
• an elastomer composition comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of at least one elastomer, at least one organic peroxide, at least one nitroxide-containing compound (e.g., 4-OHT), and at least one quinone-containing compound (e.g., MTBHQ).
• a nitroxide-containing compound e.g., 4-OHT
• quinone-containing compound e.g., MTBHQ
• Embodiments of the present invention also relate to a process for curing an elastomer composition, said process comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of curing an elastomer composition in the presence of oxygen, wherein the elastomer composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of at least one elastomer, at least one organic peroxide, at least one nitroxide-containing compound (e.g., 4-OHT), and at least one quinone-containing compound (e.g., MTBHQ).
• the elastomer composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of at least one elastomer, at least one organic peroxide, at least one nitroxide-containing compound (e.g., 4-OHT), and at least one quinone-containing compound (e.g., MTBHQ).
• Embodiments of the present invention also relate to products made by this process.
• a blend of at least one nitroxide- containing compound (e.g., 4-OHT) and at least one quinone-containing compound (e.g., MTBHQ) provides organic peroxide formulations with longer scorch times, wherein less total additive is needed in the formulation.
• One aspect of the present invention relates to an organic peroxide formulation
• an organic peroxide formulation comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of at least one organic peroxide, at least one nitroxide-containing compound (e.g., 4-hydroxy-TEMPO (4-OHT)), and at least one quinone-containing compound (e.g., mono-tert-butylhydroquinone (MTBHQ)).
• the formulation provides longer scorch time protection and less total additive in comparison to prior art formulations
• organic peroxides known to undergo decomposition by heat to generate radicals capable of initiating the desired curing (crosslinking) reactions are contemplated as suitable for use in the formulations of the present invention.
• Non- limiting examples include dialkyl peroxides, diperoxyketals, mono-peroxy carbonates, cyclic ketone peroxides, diacyl peroxides, organosulfonyl peroxides, peroxyesters and solid, room temperature stable peroxydicarbonates.
• the organic peroxide is selected from dialkyl peroxides, peroxyketals, cyclic ketone peroxides, monoperoxycarbonates, peroxyesters and diacyl peroxides.
• Illustrative dialkyl peroxide initiators include:
• dialkylperoxides which may be used singly or in combination with the other free radical initiators contemplated by the present disclosure are those selected from the group re resented by the formula:
• R4 and R5 may independently be in the ⁇ meta or para p ⁇ ositions and are the same or different and are selected from hydrogen or straight or branched chain alkyls of 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Dicumyl peroxide and isopropylcumyl cumyl peroxide are illustrative.
• dialkyl peroxides include:
• the preferred initiators include:
• Illustrative solid, room temperature stable peroxydicarbonates include, but are not limited to: di(2-phenoxyethyl)peroxydicarbonate; di(4-t-butyl- cyclohexyl)peroxydicarbonate; dimyristyl peroxydicarbonate; dibenzyl
• peroxydicarbonate peroxydicarbonate
• di(isobornyl)peroxydicarbonate di(isobornyl)peroxydicarbonate.
• Other peroxides that may be used according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure include benzoyl peroxide, OO-t-butyl-O-hydrogen-monoperoxy-succinate and OO-t-amyl-0- hydrogen-monoperoxy-succinate.
• Illustrative cyclic ketone peroxides are compounds having the general formulae (I), (II) and/or (III).
• Ri to Rio are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, CI to C20 alkyl, C3 to C20 cycloalkyl, C6 to C20 aryl, C7 to C20 aralkyl and C7 to C20 alkaryl, which groups may include linear or branched alkyl properties and each of Ri to Rio may be substituted with one or more groups selected from hydroxy, CI to C20 alkoxy, linear or branched CI to C20 alkyl, C6 to C20 aryloxy, halogen, ester, carboxy, nitride and amido, such as, for example, at least 20% of the total active oxygen content of the peroxide mixture used for a crosslinking reaction will be from compounds having formulas (I), (II) and/or (III).
• Suitable cyclic ketone peroxides include:
• peroxy esters include:
• Illustrative monoperoxy carbonates include:
• Illustrative diacyl peroxides include:
• Preferred peroxides include one or more of the following: 2,5-di(t- butylperoxy)-2,5-dimethyl hexane; t-butyl cumyl peroxide; 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(t- buty lperoxy )hexyne- 3 ; t-buty lperoxy-isopropenylcumylperoxide ; 3,3,5,7,7- pentamethyl,-l,2,4-trioxepane; 3,6,9, triethyl-3,6,9-trimethyl-l,4,7-triperoxynonane; m/p-di(t-butylperoxy)diisopropyl benzene; m-di(t-butylperoxy)diisopropyl benzene; p-di(t-butylperoxy)diisopropyl benzene; di-t-butyl peroxid
• More preferred peroxides include one or more of the following: 2,5-di(t- butylperoxy)-2,5-dimethyl hexane; t-butyl cumyl peroxide; 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(t- butylperoxy )hexyne- 3 ; t-butylperoxy-isopropenylcumylperoxide ; 3,3,5,7,7- pentamethyl,-l,2,4-trioxepane; 3,6,9, triethyl-3,6,9-trimethyl-l,4,7-triperoxynonane; m/p-di(t-butylperoxy)diisopropyl benzene; m-di(t-butylperoxy)diisopropyl benzene; p-di(t-butylperoxy)diisopropyl benzene; di-t-butyl peroxide;
• dibenzoyl peroxide di(2,4-dichlorobenzoyl)peroxide; cumene hydroperoxide; and di(4-tert-butylcyclohexyl)peroxydicarbonate.
• Even more preferred peroxides include one or more of the following: 2,5-di(t butylperoxy)-2,5-dimethyl hexane; t-butyl cumyl peroxide; 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(t- butylperoxy)hexyne-3 ; t-butylperoxy-isopropenylcumylperoxide; 3 ,3,5,7,7- pentamethyl,-l,2,4-trioxepane; m/p-di(t-butylperoxy)diisopropyl benzene; m-di(t- butylperoxy)diisopropyl benzene; p-di(t-butylperoxy)diisopropyl benzene; di-t-butyl peroxide; dicumyl peroxide; l,l-di(t-butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethyl
• Most preferred peroxides include one or more of the following: 2,5-di(t- butylperoxy)-2,5-dimethyl hexane; t-butyl cumyl peroxide; 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(t- butylperoxy)hexyne-3; t-butylperoxy-isopropenylcumylperoxide; m/p-di(t- butylperoxy)diisopropyl benzene; m-di(t-butylperoxy)diisopropyl benzene; p-di(t- butylperoxy)diisopropyl benzene; dicumyl peroxide; cumene hydroperoxide; l,l-di(t- butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane; l,l-di(t-butylperoxy)cyclohexane;
• nitroxide may include derivatives of TEMPO (2,2,6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine-l-oxyl), such as 4-hydroxy TEMPO (4-OHT) and 4-acetamido TEMPO.
• TEMPO 2,2,6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine-l-oxyl
• 4-hydroxy TEMPO 4-hydroxy TEMPO
• 4-acetamido TEMPO 4-acetamido TEMPO.
• quinone or “quinone-containing compound” include both quinones and hydroquinones, as well as ethers thereof such as monoalkyl, monoaryl, monoaralkyl and bis (hydroxy alkyl) ethers of hydroquinones.
• quinones that may be used in formulations of the present invention include mono-tert-butylhydroquinone
• MTBHQ hydroquinone
• HQMME hydroquinone mono-methyl ether
• MTBHQ hydroquinone mono-methyl ether
• HQMME 4-methoxy phenol
• mono-t-amylhydroquinone hydroquinone bis(2-hydroxyethyl) ether
• 4-ethoxy phenol 4-phenoxy phenol
• 4-(benzyloxy) phenol 2,5-bis
• Preferred nitroxide-containing compounds include 4-hydroxy TEMPO (4- OHT) and TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl).
• Preferred quinone- containing compounds include mono-tert-butylhydroquinone (MTBHQ);
• hydroquinone hydroquinone mono-methyl ether (HQMME) which is also known as 4-methoxy phenol (MEHQ); mono-t-amylhydroquinone and di-t-amyl
• organic peroxide formulations of the present invention may further include at least one crosslinking coagent and/or at least one filler.
• crosslinking co- agents include allyl methacrylate, triallyl cyanurate, triallyl isocyanurate,
• crosslinking coagents include:
• Sartomer-manufactured methacrylate-type coagents such as:
• EGDMA Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate
• TEGDMA Tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate
• SR252 Polyethylene glycol (600) dimethacrylate (PEG600DMA), SR262 1,12-dodecanediol dimethacrylate (DDDDMA),
• SR348C Ethoxylated 3 bisphenol A dimethacrylate
• BPA2EODMA SR348L Ethoxylated 2 bisphenol A dimethacrylate
• TMPTMA Trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate
• SR480 Ethoxylated 10 bisphenol A dimethacrylate BPAIOEODMA
• SR540 Ethoxylated 4 bisphenol A dimethacrylate BPA4EODMA
• SR596 Alkoxylated pentaerythritol tetramethacrylate PETTMA
• SR604 Polypropylene glycol monomethacrylate PPGMA
• SR834 Tricyclodecanedimethanol dimethacrylate (TCDDMDMA), and SR9054 Acidic difunctional adhesion promoter
• SR268G Tetraethylene glycol diacrylate (TTEGDA)
• PETTA Pentaerythritol tetraacrylate
• TPGDA Tripropylene glycol diacrylate
• TMPTA Trimethylolpropane triacrylate
• SR368 Tris (2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate triacrylate TCEICTA
• SR399 Dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate DI PEP A
• TMP3EOTA Ethoxylated 3 trimethylolpropane triacrylate
• TMP3POTA Propoxylated 3 trimethylolpropane triacrylate
• PETTA Ethoxylated 4 pentaerythritol tetraacrylate
• TMP6EOTA Ethoxylated 6 trimethylolpropane triacrylate
• TMP9EOTA Ethoxylated 9 trimethylolpropane triacrylate
• SR9003 Propoxylated 2 neopentyl glycol diacrylate (PONPGDA), SR9020 Propoxylated 3 glyceryl triacrylate (GPTA),
• TMP15EOTA Ethoxylated 15 trimethylolpropane triacrylate
• G12EOTA SR9046 Ethoxylated 12 glyceryl triacrylate
• Allylic-type coagents such as:
• TAC Triallyl cyanurate
• TAP Triallylphosphate
• TAB Triallyl borate
• trimethallyl isocyanurate (TMAIC)
• DATP Diallylterephthalate
• Hybrid-type coagents such as:
• Sartomer SR523 New Dual Functional Coagent (an allyl methacrylate or acrylate derivative);
• 2,4-Diphenyl-4-methyl-l-pentene also known as Nofmer MSD (alpha- methylstyrene dimer) (available from Nofco, particularly for wire and cable applications); and
• N,N'-m-phenylenedimaleimide also known as HVA-2 (available from DuPont)
• Preferred coagents include one or more of the following: 2,4-diphenyl-4- methyl- 1-pentene also known as Nofmer® MSD; divinyl benzene; triallyl cyanurate; triallyl isocyanurate; trimethallyl isocyanurate; triallylphosphate; Sartomer's CN 9101 and CN 9102 tetra allyl urethane oligomers; diallyl maleate; diallyl fumarate; tetraallyl pentaerythritol; pentaerythritol triallyl ether; trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate; trimethylolpropane triacrylate; allyl methacrylate oligomer; 1,4- butanediol dimethacrylate; N,N'-m-phenylenedimaleimide; Sartomer SR-523 trimethylolpropan
• Non-limiting examples of optional inert fillers for use in the organic peroxide formulations of the present invention include water washed clay, e.g., Burgess Clay, precipitated silica, precipitated calcium carbonate, synthetic calcium silicate, and combinations thereof.
• Various combinations of these fillers can be used by one skilled in the art to achieve a free-flowing, non-caking final peroxide formulation.
• the organic peroxide formulations of the present invention may include a silica filler.
• the organic peroxide formulations of the present invention may optionally include at least one additive selected from the group consisting of process oils (e.g., aliphatic process oils), process aids, pigments, dyes, tackifiers, waxes, reinforcing aids, UV stabilization agents, blowing agents, activators, antiozonants and coagents (e.g., those marketed by Sartomer).
• process oils e.g., aliphatic process oils
• process aids e.g., pigments, dyes, tackifiers, waxes, reinforcing aids
• UV stabilization agents e.g., blowing agents, activators, antiozonants and coagents (e.g., those marketed by Sartomer).
• the organic peroxide formulation comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of:
• An additional embodiment of the present invention provides an elastomer composition comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of:
• At least one elastomer at least one organic peroxide
• At least one nitroxide-containing compound e.g., 4-hydroxy-TEMPO
• At least one quinone-containing compound e.g., mono-tert- butylhydroquinone (MTBHQ)
• MTBHQ mono-tert- butylhydroquinone
• the elastomer compositions of the present invention may comprise a saturated elastomer, an unsaturated elastomer, or a blend of both a saturated and unsaturated elastomer.
• the elastomer compositions of the present invention further comprise at least one polymer.
• the at least one polymer of the elastomer composition may comprise a saturated polymer, an unsaturated polymer, or both a saturated and unsaturated polymer.
• elastomers may be used in accordance with the present invention. These elastomers may contain additives such as carbon black filler, process oils, mold release agents, antioxidants and/or heat stabilizers. According to particular embodiments, the at least one elastomer is part of an elastomer masterbatch that includes one or more of these additives.
• an elastomer masterbatch may comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of the at least one elastomer and one or more additives selected from the group consisting of carbon black, polyethylene glycol, at least one process oil (e.g., liquid saturated hydrocarbons, such as Primol ® 352), at least one antioxidant (e.g., 2,2,4-trimethyl-l,2-dihydroquinoline, also referred to as TMQ), at least one mold release agent, at least one heat stabilizer, and a combination thereof.
• process oil e.g., liquid saturated hydrocarbons, such as Primol ® 352
• an antioxidant e.g., 2,2,4-trimethyl-l,2-dihydroquinoline, also referred to as TMQ
• TMQ 2,2,4-trimethyl-l,2-dihydroquinoline
• polymer means a non-elastomeric polymer comprised of at least at least one monomer in polymerized form.
• the term “polymer” encompasses homopolymers and copolymers, where the term “copolymers” refers to a polymer comprised of at least two different monomers in polymerized form.
• a copolymer in accordance with the present disclosure may be a polymer comprising two different monomers, a terpolymer is a polymer comprising three different monomers or more.
• the polymer of the elastomer composition comprises a copolymer.
• the embodiments disclosed herein recite elastomer compositions comprising a copolymer.
• a homopolymer may be substituted in any embodiment comprising a copolymer, unless expressly indicated to the contrary.
• the elastomer composition comprises at least one elastomer and at least one copolymer.
• the elastomer and copolymer may be present in the elastomer composition at weight ratios ranging from 99:1 to 1:99, such as, for example, from 85:15 to 15:85, or from 75:25 to 25:75.
• the elastomer and copolymer are present in the elastomer composition in a 50:50 weight ratio.
• the elastomer composition includes 100% elastomer(s) and no copolymer(s).
• the elastomer composition comprises at least one saturated elastomer.
• the saturated elastomer can be selected from, for example, silicon rubber without unsaturation (Q), methyl-polysiloxane (MQ), phenyl- methyl-polysiloxane (PMQ), ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), chlorinated poly(ethylene) (CPE), poly(ethylene propylene) (EPM), fluoroelastomers (FKM, FFKM) (e.g., Viton ® and Dyneon ® ), and combinations thereof.
• Q silicon rubber without unsaturation
• MQ methyl-polysiloxane
• PMQ phenyl- methyl-polysiloxane
• EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate
• HDPE high-density polyethylene
• LDPE low-density polyethylene
• CPE
• the elastomer composition comprises at least one unsaturated elastomer.
• Unsaturated elastomers that may be used in the elastomer composition include, for example, ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM), vinyl silicone rubber (VMQ), fluorosilicone (FVMQ), nitrile rubber (NBR), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), styrene- butadiene-styrene block copolymers (SBS), polybutadiene rubber (BR), styrene- isoprene- styrene block copolymers (SIS), partially hydrogenated acrylonitrile butadiene (HNBR), natural rubber (NR), synthetic polyisoprene rubber (IR), neoprene rubber (CR), polychloropropene, bromobutyl rubber (EPDM), vinyl
• the elastomer composition comprises at least one saturated copolymer.
• saturated polymers that may be used include copolymers of ethylene with propylene, butylene, pentene, hexane, heptane, octane, and vinyl acetate, such as, linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE), poly(ethylene vinyl acetate) (EVA), poly(ethylene propylene) (EPM), poly(ethylene octene) (e.g., Engage®), poly(ethylene hexene), poly(ethylene butylene) (e.g., Tafmer®), Vamac® polymers (e.g., poly(ethylene methyl acrylate), poly(ethylene acrylate), and combinations with acrylic acid), and combinations thereof.
• LLDPE linear low density polyethylene
• LDPE low density polyethylene
• EVA poly(ethylene vinyl acetate)
• EPM poly(ethylene propylene)
• EPM poly(ethylene octene)
• Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an article comprising an elastomer composition as described herein, wherein the method comprises curing the elastomer composition.
• curing refers to the crosslinking of a polymer to form a strengthened or hardened polymer.
• a curing step may be performed in any conventional manner.
• the method may comprise extruding an elastomer composition, as described herein, to form an uncured preform article, and curing the uncured preform article.
• At least one embodiment of the present invention relates to a process for curing an elastomer composition, wherein the composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of:
• At least one nitroxide-containing compound e.g., 4-hydroxy-TEMPO (4- OHT)
• 4-hydroxy-TEMPO (4- OHT) 4-hydroxy-TEMPO
• the process may further comprise mixing the components separately or together, and in any order, to provide the elastomer composition.
• quinone-containing compound e.g., mono-tert-butylhydroquinone (MTBHQ)
• one or more conventional additives such as antioxidants (e.g., hindered phenols and polymeric quinoline derivatives), aliphatic process oils, process aids, pigments, dyes, tackifiers, waxes, reinforcing aids, UV stabilization agents, blowing agents, scorch protectors, activators, antiozonants or coagents may also be added to any of the elastomer compositions described herein before, after and/or during the curing step.
• antioxidants e.g., hindered phenols and polymeric quinoline derivatives
• aliphatic process oils e.g., process aids, pigments, dyes, tackifiers, waxes, reinforcing aids
• UV stabilization agents e.g., blowing agents, scorch protectors, activators, antiozonants or coagents
• Non-limiting examples of applications for the peroxide formulations of the present invention include the use of liquid and filler-extended grades of the organic peroxides for crosslinked HDPE rotational molding; PEX-a pipe production; injection molded, compression molded, transfer molded crosslinked goods; wire and cable; general crosslinked elastomers, rubber and polymers; modification of polymer molecular weight and grafting of agents such as maleic anhydride (MAH) and glycidyl methacrylate; dynamic vulcanization for production of TPV (thermoplastic vulcanizates); and crosslinked rubber or polymer foams.
• MAH maleic anhydride
• TPV thermoplastic vulcanizates
• TPV thermoplastic vulcanizates
• An organic peroxide formulation comprising:
• the at least one quinone-containing compound is at least one or more of the following: mono-tert-butylhydroquinone (MTBHQ); hydroquinone; hydroquinone mono- methyl ether (HQMME); mono-t-amylhydroquinone and di-t-amyl hydroquinone.
• MTBHQ mono-tert-butylhydroquinone
• HQMME hydroquinone mono- methyl ether
• mono-t-amylhydroquinone and di-t-amyl hydroquinone di-t-amyl hydroquinone.
• a method for manufacturing the organic peroxide formulation of claim 1 comprising mixing the at least one organic peroxide, the at least one nitroxide- containing compound, and the at least one quinone-containing compound.
• the elastomer composition comprises at least one elastomer, at least one organic peroxide, at least one nitroxide-containing compound, and at least one quinone-containing compound.
• An organic peroxide formulation comprising:
• the at least one crosslinking coagent comprises a moiety having at least two functional groups, wherein said functional groups are selected from the groups consisting of allylic, methacrylic, acrylic and may be the same or different.
• MH (dN-m) Maximum torque achieved in deci-Newton- meters; relates to crosslinking attained.
• ML (dN-m) Minimum torque in dN-m.
• Ts0.4 (min) Time in minutes to achieve a 0.4 dN-m increase from minimum torque.
• Tsl.O (min) Time in minutes to achieve a 1.0 dN-m increase from minimum torque.
• Luperox® F m/p-di(t-butylperoxy)diisopropylbenzene ( a meltable solid peroxide).
• Luperox® IP-D16 t-butylperoxy-isopropenylcumylperoxide (a liquid peroxide).
• Luperox® D-16 t-butyl cumylperoxide (a liquid peroxide).
• Luperox® TBEC 00-t-butylperoxy-0-(2-ethylhexyl)monoperoxycarbonate.
• 4-OHT 4-Hydroxy TEMPO also known as 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-
• HDPE high density polyethylene
• HQMME hydroquinone mono-methyl ether; also known as 4-methoxy phenol (MEHQ)
• MTBHQ mono-tertiary-butyl-hydroquinone, CAS 1948-33-0.
• TAC triallyl cyanurate (a crosslinking coagent).
• Cros slinking a polyethylene polymer in this case HDPE (High Density Polyethylene), resulted in longer scorch times when using the synergistic combination of 4-OHT and MTBHQ.
• This blend shown in TABLE 1 as OP-B, used less overall additive in the peroxide formulation, while providing significantly longer scorch time values for cure and compounding temperatures.
• TABLE 1 compares the singular use of 8.0% 4-OHT in OP-A to the OP-B peroxide blend of the present invention, which comprises a blend of 4.0% 4-OHT and 2.6% MTBHQ. This blend of additives required only 6.6% versus 8.0% of 4-OHT in OP-A, while producing a considerably desirable longer scorch time protection (Ts0.4 and Tsl.O) when crosslinking the HDPE polymer at 190°C and also at the 162°C compounding temperature.
• TABLE 1 also shows organic peroxide formulations OP-C, OP-D, OP-E and OP-F, which all use a 50:50 blend of two different peroxides, IP-D16 and Luperox® F.
• the IP-D16 is a higher half-life peroxide compared to Luperox® F, so it is slower in its rate of decomposition at a given temperature and will improve scorch time and increase cure time.
• the blend of 4-OHT and MTBHQ was compared to the singular use of 4-OHT along with a crosslinking coagent TAC (triallyl cyanurate).
• TAC triallyl cyanurate
• the blend in accordance with the invention, OP-H provided a higher Efficiency calculation with respect to increased scorch time when crosslinking HDPE.
• the total weight of the synergistic blend was only 6.7% versus 8% for the single additive usage.
• the components of the organic peroxide formulations were compared on an equal weight basis for the crosslinking of EVA at 170°C using the organic peroxide Luperox® D-16 (a liquid organic peroxide whose chemical name is t-butylcumylperoxide).
• the blend in accordance with the present invention in TABLE 3, OP-J provided the best combination of crosslinking based on MH - ML (dN-m), plus the longest Tsl and Ts2 (min) scorch times.
• the Tc90 time also increased, but based on the Efficiency calculations the increase in scorch time and good crosslinking performance more than made up for the increase in cure time.
• Example 4 the synergistic benefit of using a blend of HQMME and 4-OHT in Run #3 is demonstrated; TABLE 4 for crosslinking EVA with a
• monoperoxycarbonate e.g., 00-t-butylperoxy-0-(2- ethylhexyl)monoperoxycarbonate.
• the peroxide is a monoperoxycarbonate.
• the trade-name of 00-t-butylperoxy-0-(2-ethylhexyl)monoperoxycarbonate is Luperox® TBEC.
• HQMME and 4-OHT provided a good crosslinking, increased Ts 1 and Ts2 scorch time and provide an unexpectedly shorter cure time (based on Tc90 min), compared to Run #1 and #2 which use either HQMME or 4- OHT, but not in combination.
• TAC triallyl cyanurate
• Crosslinking EVA RPA cure at 160C, 0.5deg arc, 100 cpm
• a higher Efficiency value may indicate a higher efficiency of scorch time and cure time taking into account crosslinking.
• the equation helps to compare the benefits of the final peroxide formulation. A longer scorch time is desired, but not at the expense of a substantially longer cure time. If one can substantially decrease cure time, while maintaining or increasing scorch time, that is preferred.
• the novel blend of HQMME and 4-OHT provided improved overall crosslinking efficiency as demonstrated by the determination obtained from the "Efficiency equation".

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
• Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

Priority Applications (9)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Related Child Applications (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=56107983

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (9)

Cited By (3)

Families Citing this family (6)

Citations (3)

Family Cites Families (14)

• 2015
  • 2015-12-04 KR KR1020237008214A patent/KR102633907B1/ko active Active
  • 2015-12-04 JP JP2017530719A patent/JP6713464B2/ja active Active
  • 2015-12-04 EP EP15866466.4A patent/EP3230362A4/en active Pending
  • 2015-12-04 KR KR1020177016559A patent/KR102511659B1/ko active Active
  • 2015-12-04 CN CN201911066218.6A patent/CN110734601B/zh active Active
  • 2015-12-04 CN CN201580066454.1A patent/CN107001724B/zh active Active
  • 2015-12-04 WO PCT/US2015/063854 patent/WO2016094200A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2015-12-04 MX MX2017007416A patent/MX382090B/es unknown
  • 2015-12-04 US US15/531,740 patent/US10344142B2/en active Active
  • 2015-12-09 TW TW108143351A patent/TWI743601B/zh active
  • 2015-12-09 TW TW104141365A patent/TWI680961B/zh active
  • 2015-12-09 AR ARP150104018A patent/AR105478A1/es active IP Right Grant
• 2017
  • 2017-06-07 MX MX2021004845A patent/MX2021004845A/es unknown
• 2019
  • 2019-06-11 US US16/437,038 patent/US11118028B2/en active Active

Patent Citations (3)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events