WO2016084503A1 - 車載二次電池の充放電制御装置 - Google Patents
車載二次電池の充放電制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016084503A1 WO2016084503A1 PCT/JP2015/078910 JP2015078910W WO2016084503A1 WO 2016084503 A1 WO2016084503 A1 WO 2016084503A1 JP 2015078910 W JP2015078910 W JP 2015078910W WO 2016084503 A1 WO2016084503 A1 WO 2016084503A1
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- discharge
- secondary battery
- shift position
- control device
- storage device
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
- B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
- B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/24—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means
- B60W10/26—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a charging / discharging control device for an in-vehicle secondary battery, and in particular, charging / discharging of an in-vehicle secondary battery when a secondary battery having a property that the ion concentration in an electrolyte is biased by discharge is mounted on a hybrid vehicle.
- the present invention relates to a control device.
- Some hybrid vehicles have a specification in which the engine and the rotating electrical machine are not driven when the shift lever is shifted to the neutral position by the user (for example, Patent Document 1).
- this hybrid vehicle when the shift lever is in the neutral position, electric power for charging the battery cannot be generated.
- some devices other than the rotating electrical machine require power supply even in a neutral position, such as a lamp illuminator at night. Due to these discharges, SOC (State Of Charge), which is the remaining capacity of the battery, continues to decrease at the neutral position.
- SOC State Of Charge
- Patent Document 1 discloses that a hybrid vehicle control device outputs a warning prompting the user to select a shift position other than the neutral position when the remaining battery SOC decreases to a predetermined threshold. ing.
- Patent Document 2 points out that, in a hybrid vehicle using a lithium ion battery as a battery, the battery deteriorates when discharging with a large current is continued.
- the evaluation value related to the deterioration of the battery due to the discharge is calculated so as to correspond to the change in the bias of the ion concentration, and when the evaluation value changes from the target value to the deterioration side, the discharge power upper limit value (W OUT ) is decreased. It is stated.
- Patent Document 3 states that the battery is deteriorated even by continuous discharge in the hybrid vehicle, and as a monitoring method thereof, monitoring of the degree of increase in battery resistance, or deviation of the lithium ion concentration in the electrolyte in the lithium ion battery between the electrodes. Monitoring of the degradation evaluation value D indicating the above is described. Here, it is stated that when the deterioration evaluation value D exceeds the threshold value, the limit of the discharge power upper limit value (W OUT ) of the battery is started.
- the decrease amount D ( ⁇ ) of the deterioration evaluation value increases as the forgetting factor A increases and the cycle time increases.
- the increase amount D (+) of the deterioration evaluation value increases as the battery discharge current value increases. The longer the time, the larger the value.
- the forgetting factor A is a factor corresponding to the diffusion rate of lithium ions in the battery electrolyte, and increases as the battery temperature increases.
- the discharge is continued and the deterioration of the discharge proceeds.
- the engine is stopped and the engine is stopped when the shift position is in the neutral position.
- the discharge to the light, the lamp, etc. continues, so that the discharge deterioration of the secondary battery proceeds.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a charge / discharge control device for an in-vehicle secondary battery capable of suppressing the occurrence of discharge deterioration for a secondary battery having a property that the ion concentration in the electrolyte is biased by discharge.
- the charge / discharge control device for an in-vehicle secondary battery stops power supply from the engine side to the secondary battery in a vehicle equipped with the engine, the rotating electric machine, and the secondary battery, and the secondary battery is discharged by the discharge. It has a notifying means for notifying the user of a predetermined warning when the index value indicating the degree of deviation of the ion concentration in the electrolyte exceeds a predetermined battery deterioration occurrence threshold.
- the index value is acquired, the shift position of the vehicle is acquired, and when the acquired shift position is the neutral position, the engine side transfers to the secondary battery. Assuming that the power supply is stopped, when the acquired index value exceeds the battery deterioration occurrence threshold value, it is preferable to notify the predetermined position as a shift position to another shift position as a predetermined warning.
- the acquired index value increases toward the deterioration side of the secondary battery, and the increase amount exceeds a predetermined threshold increase amount.
- the shift position is acquired after the notification, and the acquired shift position is different from the neutral position within a predetermined period from the time when the notification is performed.
- a warning method that is stronger than the previously given warning that was notified may be issued to change the neutral position to another shift position. preferable.
- the shift position is acquired after the discharge is stopped, and the discharge is stopped by a user operation within a predetermined period from when the discharge is stopped.
- a cancel request is made and the acquired shift position remains in the neutral position, it is preferable to perform a process of adding a predetermined standby time to the user's discharge stop cancel request.
- the index value is a degradation evaluation value indicating a deviation in ion concentration in the electrolyte solution between the electrodes of the secondary battery, or a battery resistance during the discharge period of the secondary battery. It is preferable that the rate of increase of the secondary battery or the time integral value of the discharge current value of the secondary battery is one.
- the charge / discharge control device for the in-vehicle secondary battery having the above-described configuration, the power supply from the engine side to the secondary battery is stopped, and the index indicating the degree to which the ion concentration in the electrolyte is biased by the secondary battery being discharged.
- a predetermined warning is notified to the user.
- Some hybrid vehicles have a specification in which the engine and the rotating electrical machine are not driven when the shift lever is shifted to the neutral position by the user. Therefore, in the on-vehicle secondary battery charge / discharge control device, when the shift position is the neutral position and the index value exceeds the battery deterioration occurrence threshold, a notification is made to change the neutral position to another shift position. If left in the neutral position, even if the power supply from the engine to the power storage device is stopped and charging is not performed, the hybrid vehicle lights, lamps, air conditioner, engine ignition device, power steering, etc. The power storage device may continue to discharge. This discharge at the neutral position continues regardless of the W OUT limitation on the operation of the inverter circuit. According to the above configuration, when the index value exceeds the battery deterioration occurrence threshold, the user is notified to change the neutral position to another shift position, so that it is possible to prevent the discharge deterioration of the in-vehicle secondary battery.
- the on-vehicle secondary battery charge / discharge control device when the indicator value increases to the deterioration side of the secondary battery after notification and exceeds a predetermined threshold increase amount, the discharge of the secondary battery is stopped. Execute the process. As a result, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of discharge deterioration of the in-vehicle secondary battery when the neutral position is left in spite of the warning notification.
- the on-vehicle secondary battery charge / discharge control device when a warning is issued to prevent secondary battery deterioration, some users change the position from the neutral position to another shift position. However, it may return to the neutral position again after a little time. In such a case, a sufficient charging current may not be supplied to the power storage device that is the secondary battery, and the index value may exceed the battery deterioration occurrence threshold. In such a case, it is notified that the neutral position is changed to another shift position by a warning method stronger than the previous warning, assuming that the deterioration caused by the discharge is not effectively prevented.
- a discharge stop cancellation request is made by operating an operation element provided in the vehicle while leaving the shift position at the neutral position without placing it.
- a sufficient charging current may not be supplied to the power storage device that is a secondary battery, and deterioration due to discharge is not effectively prevented.
- a predetermined waiting time is added to the user's discharge stop release request.
- the index value is a deterioration evaluation value indicating an ion concentration deviation in the electrolyte solution between the electrodes of the secondary battery, or an increase in battery resistance during the discharge period of the secondary battery. Since either the rate or the time integral value of the discharge current value of the secondary battery is one, an appropriate index value can be used according to the specifications of the hybrid vehicle.
- FIG. 2A is a diagram showing the state of the lithium ion battery during discharge
- FIG. 2B is a diagram showing the deviation of ion concentration in the electrolytic solution.
- FIG. 5 is a detailed diagram of a processing procedure when the history state division of FIG. 5 is a logical table of K conditions used in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a detailed diagram of a processing procedure when the state of alarm notification history exists in the history state classification of FIG. 4.
- FIG. 5 is a detailed diagram of a processing procedure when the state of alarm notification release history exists in the history state classification of FIG. 4.
- FIG. 5 is a detailed diagram of a processing procedure when a state with a discharge stop history exists in the history state classification of FIG. 4.
- a hybrid vehicle in which the operation of the engine stops and the charging current is not supplied to the power storage device when the shift position is in the neutral position, but this is an example in which the charging current is not supplied to the power storage device.
- It may be a hybrid vehicle with other specifications.
- it may be a hybrid vehicle having a specification in which a clutch is provided between the engine and a rotating electrical machine that generates power, and the engine continues to operate by disengaging the clutch, but power supply from the engine to the power storage device is stopped. .
- a lithium ion battery will be described as an in-vehicle secondary battery, but this is an illustrative example. Since most secondary batteries use an electrolytic solution, any secondary battery may be used as long as the ion concentration in the electrolytic solution is biased by discharge.
- a hybrid vehicle equipped with a secondary battery is described as having two rotating electric machines, but this is an example for explanation, and the number of rotating electric machines may be any number.
- the same elements are denoted by the same reference symbols in all the drawings, and redundant description is omitted.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a control system 10 for a hybrid vehicle including a charge / discharge control device for an in-vehicle secondary battery.
- the hybrid vehicle control system 10 includes a shift lever mechanism 12, a display unit 13 regarding a dischargeable state of the power storage device 20, a notification unit 14 for notifying the user of a warning regarding the occurrence of discharge deterioration of the power storage device 20, and two rotations.
- movement of this is comprised.
- the on-vehicle secondary battery charge / discharge control device 40 is referred to as a charge / discharge control device 40.
- the shift lever mechanism 12 is one of the driving devices of the hybrid vehicle, and is an operation lever mechanism that switches a shift position corresponding to a combination of manual transmission gears, for example.
- the drive position (D), the reverse position (R), the parking position (P), and the neutral position (N) are shown as the shift positions, and the current shift position is the neutral position (N). is there.
- the state of the shift position in the shift lever mechanism 12 is transmitted to the charge / discharge control device 40 via an appropriate signal line.
- the operation of the engine 18 is stopped when the shift position is at the neutral position, and the hybrid is designed to start the engine when the shift position is changed from the neutral position to another shift position such as a parking position. It is a vehicle.
- the display means 13 is a device that is connected to the charge / discharge control device 40 through an appropriate signal line and displays to the user whether the power storage device 20 is in a dischargeable state or in a discharge stopped state.
- the display unit 50 of the display means 13 is a character display of “RD”. When the power storage device 20 is in a dischargeable state, the character display of “RD” is lit, and when the discharge is stopped, the character of “RD” is displayed. The display turns off. “RD” means “Ready for Discharge”.
- An operation element 52 in the display unit 13 is a user operation element that allows the user to make a discharge stop release request when the power storage device 20 is in a discharge stop state. When the operator 52 is operated by the user, an “RB” signal is transmitted to the charge / discharge control device 40. Details of the operation element 52 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
- the notification means 14 is a device that is connected to the charge / discharge control device 40 through an appropriate signal line and notifies the user of a warning in accordance with a command transmitted from the charge / discharge control device 40. What is notified is a warning regarding the occurrence of discharge deterioration of the power storage device 20 due to discharge.
- the display 54 in the notification means 14 is a display device that displays a warning message.
- the buzzer 56 in the notification means 14 is a sounding body that outputs a warning sound.
- the two rotating electric machines 15 and 16 are a motor generator (MG) that is a drive source of the hybrid vehicle.
- the motor / generator is a three-phase synchronous rotating electric machine that functions as a motor when electric power is supplied from the drive circuit 19 and functions as a generator during braking of the hybrid vehicle.
- the two rotating electrical machines 15 and 16 are distinguished and called MG1 and MG2.
- the rotating electrical machine 15 shown as MG1 is connected to the engine 18 side of the power distribution mechanism 17 and is driven by the engine 18 via the power distribution mechanism 17 to mainly function as a power generation function.
- the rotating electrical machine 16 shown as MG2 is connected to the drive shaft side of the hybrid vehicle in the power distribution mechanism 17, and drives the drive wheels to mainly function as a motor function.
- the engine 18 is an internal combustion engine that is one of the drive sources of the hybrid vehicle.
- the engine 18 is composed of, for example, a 6-cylinder piston / cylinder mechanism.
- the power distribution mechanism 17 provided between the engine 18 and the two rotary electric machines 15 and 16 is configured to output the engine 18, the input / output to the rotary electric machine 15 that is MG1, and MG2 according to the traveling state of the hybrid vehicle. This is a mechanism having a function of appropriately distributing the amount used for power generation and the amount for driving the drive wheels between the outputs of the rotating electrical machine 16.
- a planetary gear mechanism can be used as the power distribution mechanism 17, a planetary gear mechanism can be used.
- the drive circuit 19 includes a power storage device 20, a system main relay 22 shown as SMR, a discharge load 24 that operates using the power of the power storage device 20, a power converter 26, and an inverter circuit 28.
- the power storage device 20 is a secondary battery configured using an electrolytic solution.
- the power storage device 20 supplies DC power to the discharge load 24 and supplies power to the rotating electrical machines 15 and 16 via the power converter 26 and the inverter circuit 28. Further, charging electric power is received from the rotating electrical machines 15 and 16 via the inverter circuit 28 and the power converter 26 and charged.
- a lithium ion battery in which a lithium ion single battery is assembled is used.
- many types of secondary batteries can be used. In the following, a case where a secondary battery having a property that the ion concentration in the electrolytic solution is biased by discharge is used as the power storage device 20 will be described. .
- the system main relay 22 is a relay device that cuts off or connects the electrical connection between the power storage device 20 and elements other than the power storage device 20 constituting the drive circuit 19. Since the system main relay 22 is interrupted or hindered when welding or the like occurs, the safety of welding or the like after the power switch of the hybrid vehicle is turned on and the electronic control unit (ECU) is operable. A check is made and then connected. When the system main relay 22 is in the connected state, the power storage device 20 is in a dischargeable state, and the character display “RD” is lit on the display unit 50 of the display unit 13. As will be described later, a discharge stop process may be executed in order to prevent discharge deterioration of the power storage device 20.
- the system main relay 22 is turned off under the control of the charge / discharge control device 40. At this time, the character display of “RD” is turned off on the display unit 50 of the display means 13. In this way, the cutoff or connection state of the system main relay 22 is notified to the user by turning off or lighting the character display of “RD” on the display unit 50 of the display unit 13.
- the discharge load 24 is not a component of the drive circuit 19, but is a device that operates with DC power supplied from the power storage device 20 via the system main relay 22.
- a device that operates with DC power supplied from the power storage device 20 via the system main relay 22 is a device that operates with DC power supplied from the power storage device 20 via the system main relay 22.
- One example is a light, a lamp, an air conditioner, an engine ignition device, a power steering, etc. of a hybrid vehicle. These are operable as long as the system main relay 22 is not shut off. In other words, even when the operation of the inverter circuit 28 is stopped and power is not supplied from the power storage device 20 to the rotating electrical machines 15 and 16, if the system main relay 22 is in the connected state, the power storage device 20 applies the discharge load 24. Discharge occurs.
- Power converter 26 is connected between power storage device 20 and inverter circuit 28, and is connected between a DC voltage value of power storage device 20 and a system voltage value that is a voltage between the positive electrode side and the negative electrode side of inverter circuit 28. When there is a voltage difference, the DC voltage value on the power storage device 20 side is boosted to the system voltage value of the inverter circuit 28, and conversely, the system voltage value of the inverter circuit 28 is stepped down to the DC voltage value on the power storage device 20 side.
- the power converter 26 includes a reactor, a switching element, and the like.
- the inverter circuit 28 is a circuit that performs an AC / DC conversion process between the DC power of the power storage device 20 and the three-phase AC power of the rotating electrical machines 15 and 16.
- the AC / DC conversion includes conversion of the DC power of the power storage device 20 into three-phase AC power of the rotating electrical machines 15 and 16, or conversion of the three-phase AC power of the rotating electrical machines 15 and 16 into DC power of the power storage device 20.
- the inverter circuit 28 includes a plurality of switching elements and a plurality of diodes.
- the inverter circuit 28 is stopped by the control of the charge / discharge control device 40, assuming that the power storage device 20 cannot discharge any more. Thereby, operation
- the system main relay 22 is connected, and the display means 14 displays “RD” on the display unit 50. The character display continues to be lit.
- the index value calculation unit 30 connected to the power storage device 20 calculates an index value E indicating the degree to which the ion concentration in the electrolytic solution is biased by the secondary battery being discharged.
- the calculated index value E is transmitted to the charge / discharge control device 40 via an appropriate signal line. Detailed contents of the index value E will be described later.
- the charge / discharge control device 40 controls the operation of the power storage device 20, the system main relay 22, the power converter 26, and the inverter circuit 28 that constitute the drive circuit 19 as a whole.
- a charge / discharge control device 40 can use a computer suitable for mounting on a vehicle.
- the charge / discharge control device 40 includes an index value acquisition processing unit 42 that acquires the index value E transmitted from the index value calculation unit 30, and a shift position acquisition processing unit 44 that acquires the shift position state transmitted from the shift lever mechanism 12. Prepare. By these, the index value required for the charge / discharge control process is acquired, and the shift position state is acquired. Moreover, in order to prevent the discharge deterioration of the electrical storage device 20, for example, when the shift position is at the neutral position, the charge / discharge control device 40 notifies the user to change the neutral position to another shift position.
- warning notification processing unit 46 performs processing such as notifying the user of a predetermined warning to the means 14 and the warning notification is performed, for example, when the user is left in the neutral position, the power storage device 20 is discharged.
- a discharge stop processing unit 48 that performs processing such as stopping is included.
- Such a function is realized by executing software installed in the charge / discharge control device 40. Specifically, this can be realized by the charge / discharge control device 40 executing a charge / discharge control program as software. Some of these functions may be realized by hardware.
- FIG. 2A is a diagram showing the state of the lithium ion battery during discharge
- FIG. 2B is a diagram showing the deviation of ion concentration in the electrolytic solution.
- the lithium ion cell 32 includes a positive electrode 34, a negative electrode 36, and an electrolytic solution 38 filling the space.
- the positive electrode 34 and the negative electrode 36 are made of a material capable of reversibly occluding and releasing lithium ions (Li + ).
- a lithium transition metal oxide such as lithium cobaltate is used, and as the negative electrode 36, carbon is used.
- the electrolytic solution 38 an ionic electrolytic solution in which a lithium salt such as lithium hexafluorate (LiPF 6 ) is contained in an organic solvent such as ethylene carbonate or diethyl carbonate is used. In the following, lithium hexafluorate (LiPF 6 ) is used as the lithium salt.
- the power storage device 20 that is a lithium ion battery
- the time integral value of the discharge current value (the discharge current value is A and the discharge time is h and the time integral value of Ah)
- the ion concentration of the electrolytic solution 38 is biased
- the battery resistance during the discharging period of the power storage device 20 increases. Therefore, the index value E indicating the degree of deviation of the ion concentration in the electrolytic solution 38 between the positive electrode 34 and the negative electrode 36 of the power storage device 20 is the time integral value of the discharge current value of the power storage device 20 and the discharge period of the power storage device 20.
- a deterioration evaluation value indicating an increase rate of the battery resistance and an ion concentration deviation in the electrolytic solution 38 between the positive electrode 34 and the negative electrode 36 of the power storage device 20 can be used.
- the deterioration evaluation value the deterioration evaluation value D described in Patent Document 3 can be used.
- the degradation evaluation value D is used as the index value E.
- the deterioration evaluation value D includes a deterioration evaluation value D for each cycle time in a predetermined cycle time and an increase D (+) of the deterioration evaluation value D in one cycle of the cycle time.
- the decrease amount D ( ⁇ ), D (current cycle time) ⁇ D (previous cycle time) ⁇ D ( ⁇ ) + D (+) ⁇ .
- D (0) in the first cycle time is set to 0.
- the increase amount D (+) of the deterioration evaluation value D increases as the discharge current value of the power storage device 20 increases or the cycle time increases.
- the decrease amount D ( ⁇ ) of the deterioration evaluation value D increases as the forgetting factor A increases and the cycle time increases.
- the forgetting factor A is a factor corresponding to the diffusion rate of lithium ions (Li + ) in the electrolytic solution 38 of the power storage device 20, and the forgetting factor A is such that the product of the cycle time ⁇ T is 0 to 1.
- Set to Figure 3 shows a power storage device temperature T B dependence of forgetting coefficient A. Forgetting coefficient A becomes a larger value the higher the temperature T B of the power storage device 20.
- FIGS. are diagrams relating to the procedure of charge / discharge control in the charge / discharge control device 40.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an overall procedure processed in one control cycle
- FIGS. 5 and 7 to 9 are flowcharts showing details of a part of the procedure of FIG. Each procedure in these corresponds to each processing procedure of the charge / discharge control program.
- FIG. 6 is a logical table of K conditions described later.
- the power switch when the power switch is turned on (S10), electric power is supplied to various ECUs from a low-voltage power source such as a lead storage device, and the operations of the various ECUs start. For example, safety confirmation of the system main relay 22 is performed. Etc. are executed.
- the power switch can be turned on, for example, by the user turning on a switch device such as an ignition switch, or by the user turning on the switch device by a remote non-contact operation using the remote switch device. Can do.
- each element of the hybrid vehicle control system 10 is set to an initial state, and the charge / discharge control device 40 starts up the charge / discharge control program.
- the processing procedure of the charge / discharge control program branches to four history states through program initialization (S12), state acquisition (S14), and history state division (S16).
- the four history states are “no history” (S20), “alarm notification history exists” (S22), “alarm notification release history exists” (S24), and “discharge stop history exists” (S26).
- the initialization procedure (S12) of the charge / discharge program is a process of setting all the state variables acquired in the next S14 to the initial state.
- the state acquisition procedure (S14) is a process of acquiring the state in the control cycle for the state variables used in the steps after S16.
- state variables used in the procedures after S16 the RD, N, and E logical values shown in the K condition ethical value table of FIG. 6 and the history that distinguishes the four history states (S20, S22, S24, and S26). These are the logical values of the states M1, M2, and M3, the elapsed time of various other timers, the count values of various counters, and the like. These contents will be described in detail below sequentially.
- the history status division procedure (S16) is a branch setting process for branching the process in the current control cycle in accordance with the contents of the process history in the previous control cycle.
- the history state division is divided into four history states.
- the history is M1 indicating that the warning notification process (S30) executed in the branch process of “no history” (S20) has been processed, and the warning executed in the branch process of “alarm notification history exists” (S22).
- This is indicated by three history states, M2 indicating that the notification release (S32) has been processed and M3 indicating that the discharge stop processing (S34) has been processed.
- the subsequent processing procedure is branched according to the four history states.
- a warning notification process (S30) is executed.
- warning notification cancellation (S32) or discharge stop processing (S34) is executed.
- the charging current is not supplied to the power storage device 20 and the system main relay 22 in which “RD” is lit is in the connected state, the power storage device 20 to the discharge load 24 such as a light. Discharge occurs.
- the index value E indicating the degree of ion concentration deviation in the electrolytic solution 38 of the power storage device 20 is on the deterioration side.
- the warning notification process (S30) in the first branch notifies a warning prompting the shift position to be moved to a position other than the neutral position.
- the discharge stop process (S34) in the second branch is a discharge stop state in which the system main relay 22 is forcibly cut off and “RD” is turned off.
- the intensity warning notification process (S36) in the third branch “with warning notification release history” (S24) and the discharge stop enhancement process (S38) in the fourth branch “with discharge stop history” (S26) This is a process for reinforcing the operational effects of the warning notification process (S30) and the discharge stop process (S34).
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a detailed processing procedure in a branch in which the history state is “no history” (S20).
- the K condition determination process is performed (S40).
- FIG. 6 is a logical value table used for the K condition determination process.
- the state variable RD indicates whether the power storage device 20 is in a dischargeable state or a discharge stopped state.
- the character display “RD” is lit on the display unit 50 of the display means 13.
- the character display of “RD” is turned off on the display unit 50 of the display means 13. Therefore, the charge / discharge control device 40 can distinguish whether the power storage device 20 is in a dischargeable state or in a discharge stopped state by acquiring the connected or disconnected state of the system main relay 22.
- the state variable N indicates whether the charging current to the power storage device 20 is in a supply stop state or a supply state in a broad sense.
- the target is a hybrid vehicle in which the engine 18 stops when the shift position is at the neutral position
- the state of the shift position is shown as a representative of the state variable N.
- the neutral position is simply referred to as the N position.
- the state variable E indicates a state of an index value E indicating the degree of ion concentration deviation in the electrolytic solution 38 of the power storage device 20.
- the battery deterioration occurrence threshold E 0 increases in the ion concentration in the electrolytic solution 38 of the power storage device 20, increases the internal resistance of the power storage device 20, and causes current concentration between the electrodes, thereby Since the apparatus 20 may reach the discharge deterioration, a threshold value that is a point at which the discharge deterioration starts (discharge deterioration start point) is set for the index value E.
- the battery deterioration occurrence threshold E 0 can be experimentally determined in advance according to the specifications of the power storage device 20.
- the duration T 0 is determined because, even if the index value E temporarily exceeds the battery deterioration occurrence threshold value E 0 , the index value E decreases if the discharge load 24 stops and then discharge is not performed. This is to avoid misjudgment.
- D ( ⁇ ) in the degradation evaluation value D decreases as the forgetting factor A increases and the cycle time increases.
- the temperature T B of the power storage device 20 is large, the forgetting coefficient A is a large value, if not an appropriate temperature the temperature T B of the power storage device 20 is cryogenic somewhat there is D (+) due to the discharge current
- D ( ⁇ ) is sufficiently large, the deterioration evaluation value D decreases with time.
- the rate of increase of the internal resistance of the power storage device 20 as another example of the index value E, even if the index value E temporarily exceeds the battery deterioration occurrence threshold E 0 , the operation of the discharge load 24 thereafter stops.
- the duration T 0 can be determined as a suitable period for avoiding erroneous determination.
- K 1 (S42).
- the process in the control cycle ends, “RETURN” is set, and the process returns to S14.
- This processing procedure is executed by the function of the warning notification processing unit 46 of the charge / discharge control device 40.
- the predetermined warning prompts the user to take measures for preventing the occurrence of discharge deterioration of the power storage device 20.
- the buzzer 56 is turned on and a buzzer sound is output. Further, a warning message such as “When the buzzer sounds, change the shift position from the neutral position to another shift position” is displayed on the display 54.
- a warning message such as “When the buzzer sounds, change the shift position from the neutral position to another shift position” is displayed on the display 54.
- the notification means 14 includes a warning lamp, the warning lamp blinks or lights up.
- the notification means 14 also includes a display, the display indicates that “if the lamp is lit or blinked, the shift position is changed from the neutral position. Please change to the shift position of ".
- the notification means 14 includes an audio speaker, the message having the above contents is notified by voice.
- the notification unit 14 includes only a display, the message having the above contents is displayed on the display. In addition, you may alert
- a predetermined warning notification is performed, and the state variable M1 is changed from “0” to “1”.
- these settings (S44) are finished, the processing in the control cycle is finished, and “RETURN” is returned to S14.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a detailed processing procedure in a branch where the history state is “alarm notification history exists” (S22).
- the K condition determination is performed (S46).
- the possibility of occurrence of discharge deterioration of the power storage device 20 is reduced, so that the notification of the predetermined warning is canceled (S32). Release of the warning notification is performed by the notification means 14.
- the buzzer 56 is turned off and the buzzer stops sounding.
- a message such as “Thank you” is displayed on the display 54.
- the notification unit 14 includes a warning lamp, the warning lamp is turned off, and the warning lamp stops lighting or blinking and is turned off.
- the notification means 14 includes an audio speaker, the above message is notified by voice.
- the notification of a predetermined warning is canceled, and the state variable M2 is changed from “0” to “1”.
- This numerical value is an example for explanation, and may be another appropriate numerical value according to the forgetting factor A or the like. If the determination in S54 is negative, there is little concern about the discharge deterioration of the power storage device 20, so the control cycle processing is terminated and the process returns to S12 as "END". If the determination in S54 is affirmative, a process of stopping discharging of the power storage device 20 is performed (S34). This processing procedure is executed by the function of the discharge stop processing unit 48 of the charge / discharge control device 40.
- the process for stopping the discharge of the power storage device 20 is performed by shutting off the system main relay 22. At this time, the character display of “RD” on the display unit 50 of the display means 13 is turned off. In addition to these processes, a process that can stop the discharge of the power storage device 20 may be performed, and depending on the driving situation of the hybrid vehicle, a process such as stopping the operation of all the devices of the discharge load 24 may be performed. Also good.
- the buzzer 56 of the notification means 14 remains on, but the display 54 is changed to a message content such as “Please change the shift position from the neutral position to another shift position promptly”.
- the discharge stop process is performed, and the state variable M3 is changed from “0” to “1”.
- S26 discharge stop history
- the warning notification release process (S32) is executed by the process of changing the shift position from the N position to another shift position by the user, and the predetermined warning notification is canceled, but immediately after that, the warning position is reset again. Then, the shift position is at the N position without supplying a sufficient charging current to the power storage device 20. At this time, it is preferable to perform warning notification again, but if the warning notification processing (S30) is executed once according to the procedure of the flowchart described in FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a detailed processing procedure in the branch of “with warning notification release history” (S24).
- T2th is used to indicate a time that is too short.
- the deterioration evaluation value D has a small D (-) value, and deterioration due to discharge is not effectively prevented.
- the above numerical values are examples for explanation, and may be other appropriate numerical values according to the forgetting factor A or the like.
- next control cycle etc.
- the counter C1 counts the number of times of returning to the N position in a short time after the alarm is released.
- C1th can be set to an integer of 1 or more. Since the user may return to the N position in a short time after the alarm is canceled due to an error, C1th is preferably set to 2 or 3. If the determination in S64 is negative, the processing in the control cycle ends, “RETURN” is set, and the process returns to S14.
- the warning method stronger than the previous predetermined warning is a method in which the content of the predetermined warning is transmitted to the user more clearly.
- the volume of the buzzer 56 is set higher than the previous volume, and a message such as “Please remain fixed at a shift position other than the neutral position for a while” is displayed on the display 54.
- the characters and characters on the display 54 may be larger.
- the notification means 14 is provided with a warning lamp, the lighting brightness of the warning lamp is made brighter or the blinking frequency is increased, and the light is frequently blinked with strong light.
- the notification means 14 includes an audio speaker, the volume is increased and the above message is output.
- the strength warning notification process of S36 When the strength warning notification process of S36 is performed, the series of processes related to preventing deterioration of the power storage device 20 so far are terminated, and the process returns to S12 as “END”. In this way, a strong warning is given to the user to alert him and return to the initial state. Instead of this, it is also possible to return to S12 as “END” after confirming that the user performs a process of fixing to the N position for a while in response to the warning of strength.
- the procedure of the intensity warning notification process (S36) even when the shift position is changed from the N position to another shift position in response to the warning in S30, the N position and the other shift position are alternately displayed. It is possible to deal with a case where a change has been made, and the effects of the warning notification process (S30) and the warning notification release process (S32) can be reinforced while suppressing a decrease in user convenience.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a detailed processing procedure in the branch of “with discharge stop history” (S26).
- T3th is used to indicate a time that is too short.
- T3th can be set to a time comparable to T2th.
- T3th is set to a period of several times the control cycle ⁇ t.
- the character display “RD” on the display unit 50 of the display unit 13 is turned off when the discharge stop process (S34) is performed to prevent secondary battery deterioration.
- the user sees this and is in a state where a discharge stop cancellation request is made by operating the operating element 52 provided in the vehicle while leaving the shift position at the N position.
- the counter C2 counts the number of times the user has operated the operator 52 in a short time after the discharge stop process (S34) is performed with the shift position left at the N position. That is, when the branch processing of S26 is entered and S66, S68, and S70 are affirmed, the count value of the counter C2 is incremented by +1 and the timer T3 is reset to 0 (S72). Then, it is determined whether or not the count value of the counter C2 has reached a predetermined threshold number C2th (S74).
- C2th can be set to an integer of 1 or more. Since the user may operate the operation element 52 due to some error, C2th is preferably set to 2 or 3.
- the determination in S74 is negative, the discharge stop is continued, “RD” on the display unit 50 of the display means 13 remains unlit (S76), the processing in the control cycle ends, and “RETURN” is obtained. And return to S14.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (6)
- エンジンと回転電機と二次電池を搭載する車両においてエンジン側から前記二次電池への電力供給が停止しており、
前記二次電池が放電によって電解液中のイオン濃度が偏る程度を示す指標値が予め定めた電池劣化発生閾値を超えるときに、所定の警告をユーザに対し報知する報知手段を有することを特徴とする車載二次電池の充放電制御装置。 - 請求項1に記載の車載二次電池の充放電制御装置において、
前記指標値を取得し、
前記車両のシフトポジションを取得し、
取得された前記シフトポジションがニュートラルポジションであるときは、前記エンジン側から前記二次電池への電力供給が停止しているとして、取得された前記指標値が前記電池劣化発生閾値を超えるときに、前記所定の警告として、前記ニュートラルポジションを他の前記シフトポジションに変更するように前記報知を行うことを特徴とする車載二次電池の充放電制御装置。 - 請求項2に記載の車載二次電池の充放電制御装置において、
前記報知を行った後に、取得された前記指標値が前記二次電池の劣化側に増加し、その増加量が予め定めた閾値増加量を超えるときに、前記二次電池の放電を停止させる処理を行うことを特徴とする車載二次電池の充放電制御装置。 - 請求項2に記載の車載二次電池の充放電制御装置において、
前記報知の後に前記シフトポジションを取得し、
前記報知が行われた時点から予め定めた所定期間内において、取得された前記シフトポジションが、前記ニュートラルポジションから他の前記シフトポジションに変更された後、再び前記ニュートラルポジションに戻されたときに、前記報知した前回の所定の警告よりも強い警告方法で、前記ニュートラルポジションを他の前記シフトポジションに変更するように前記報知を行うことを特徴とする車載二次電池の充放電制御装置。 - 請求項3に記載の車載二次電池の充放電制御装置において、
前記放電停止が行われた後に前記シフトポジションを取得し、
前記放電停止が行われた時点から予め定めた所定期間内において、ユーザの操作により放電停止解除要求が行われ、取得された前記シフトポジションが前記ニュートラルポジションの状態のままであるときは、ユーザの放電停止解除要求に対して予め定めた所定の待機時間を付加する処理を行うことを特徴とする車載二次電池の充放電制御装置。 - 請求項1に記載の車載二次電池の充放電制御装置において、
前記指標値は、
前記二次電池の電極間における電解液中のイオン濃度偏りを示す劣化評価値、または、
前記二次電池の放電期間における電池抵抗の上昇率、または、
前記二次電池の放電電流値の時間積分値、
のいずれか1であることを特徴とする車載二次電池の充放電制御装置。
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KR1020177017300A KR20170087938A (ko) | 2014-11-28 | 2015-10-13 | 차량 탑재 이차 전지의 충방전 제어 장치 |
CN201580064460.3A CN107000738A (zh) | 2014-11-28 | 2015-10-13 | 车载二次电池的充放电控制装置 |
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