WO2016075726A1 - 生体内信号源位置検出方法及び生体内信号源位置検出装置 - Google Patents
生体内信号源位置検出方法及び生体内信号源位置検出装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016075726A1 WO2016075726A1 PCT/JP2014/005732 JP2014005732W WO2016075726A1 WO 2016075726 A1 WO2016075726 A1 WO 2016075726A1 JP 2014005732 W JP2014005732 W JP 2014005732W WO 2016075726 A1 WO2016075726 A1 WO 2016075726A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
- A61B5/30—Input circuits therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
- A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
- A61B5/279—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses
- A61B5/28—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses for electrocardiography [ECG]
- A61B5/282—Holders for multiple electrodes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
- A61B5/30—Input circuits therefor
- A61B5/304—Switching circuits
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
- A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
- A61B5/318—Heart-related electrical modalities, e.g. electrocardiography [ECG]
- A61B5/327—Generation of artificial ECG signals based on measured signals, e.g. to compensate for missing leads
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
- A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
- A61B5/318—Heart-related electrical modalities, e.g. electrocardiography [ECG]
- A61B5/346—Analysis of electrocardiograms
- A61B5/349—Detecting specific parameters of the electrocardiograph cycle
- A61B5/352—Detecting R peaks, e.g. for synchronising diagnostic apparatus; Estimating R-R interval
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- the present invention relates to an in-vivo signal source position detection method and an in-vivo signal source position detection device that detect the position of a signal source in a living body.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a method of obtaining a potential distribution in a cross section of a living body passing through the plane by measuring a surface potential at each point on an intersection line (closed curve) between the living body and a predetermined plane. ing.
- Patent Document 1 it is necessary to place a large number of electrodes on the living body without any gaps, and thus the burden on the living body is large. If the number of electrodes is small, the burden on the living body is reduced, but only a potential distribution with low resolution can be obtained.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an in-vivo signal source position detecting method and an in-vivo signal source position detecting apparatus capable of accurately detecting the position of an in-vivo signal source using a small number of electrodes. To do.
- the in-vivo signal source position detection method is a method for detecting the position of a signal source in a living body based on a voltage generated on an electrode arranged on the surface of the living body, wherein at least three electrodes are arranged on the surface of the living body.
- a first external resistor and a second external resistor are connected in parallel between each electrode and the ground potential, and a first external resistor is connected in parallel between each electrode and the ground potential.
- a first voltage V i (i 1, 2, 3) generated at each electrode and a second voltage generated at each electrode when a second external resistor is connected in parallel between each electrode and the ground potential.
- Another in-vivo signal source position detection method is a method for detecting the position of a signal source in a living body based on a voltage generated on an electrode arranged on the living body surface, the first electrode on the living body surface, The second electrode and the third electrode are arranged, and between the first electrode and the second electrode, between the second electrode and the third electrode, and between the third electrode and the first electrode.
- the first external resistance and the second external resistance are connected in parallel to each other, and the first voltages V 12 and V generated between the electrodes when the first external resistance is connected in parallel between the electrodes.
- An in-vivo signal source position detection apparatus is an apparatus for detecting the position of a signal source in a living body based on a voltage generated at an electrode arranged on the surface of the living body, and includes at least three electrodes arranged on the surface of the living body.
- the connecting means for connecting the first external resistor and the second external resistor in parallel between each electrode and the ground potential, and each electrode is connected to the ground by the connecting means in a state where each electrode is disposed on the surface of the living body.
- the first voltage V i (i 1, 2, 3) generated at each electrode when the first external resistor is connected in parallel with the potential, and the second between each electrode and the ground potential.
- Another in-vivo signal source position detection apparatus is an apparatus for detecting the position of a signal source in a living body based on a voltage generated on an electrode arranged on the surface of the living body. Electrode, second electrode, and third electrode; between first electrode and second electrode; between second electrode and third electrode; and third electrode and first electrode The first external resistance and the second external resistance are connected in parallel with each other, and in a state where each electrode is disposed on the surface of the living body, the connection means causes the first external resistance between the electrodes.
- First voltage V 12 , V 23 , V 31 generated between the electrodes when the two are connected in parallel, and the second voltage V generated between the electrodes when the second external resistor is connected in parallel between the electrodes '12, V' 23, V '31 and measuring means for measuring a first voltage V 12, V 23, V 31 and
- the ratios V 12 / V ′ 12 , V 21 / V ′ 21 and V 31 / V ′ 31 are calculated from the second voltages V ′ 12 , V ′ 23 and V ′ 31 , respectively, and these three ratios V 12 / V based on the '12, V 21 / V' 21, V 31 / V '31, characterized by comprising a detecting means for detecting a position of a signal source in vivo.
- an in-vivo signal source position detection method and an in-vivo signal source position detection apparatus that can accurately detect the position of a signal source in a living body using a small number of electrodes. it can.
- electrode refers to a member attached to the surface of a living body
- potential refers to an electrical level
- voltage refers to a measured electrical level
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an electric circuit network for explaining the in-vivo signal source position detecting method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the ground electrode 20 is disposed on the surface of the living body 10 and set to the ground potential. However, the ground electrode 20 is not necessarily disposed on the surface of the living body 10.
- the ground electrode 20 is disposed on the surface of the living body 10, and the ground electrode 20 is connected to the in-vivo signal source measuring device to obtain the ground potential.
- a voltage from the signal source Vs in the living body 10 is generated at each of the electrodes 21, 22, and 23 disposed on the surface of the living body 10, and the voltage is amplified by the amplifier 30 to output an output voltage Vout.
- Switches S 1 , S 2 , and S 3 are respectively disposed between the electrodes 21, 22, and 23 and the amplifier 30, and the respective switches S 1 , S 2 , and S 3 are sequentially turned on so that each electrode is electrically connected.
- the voltages generated at 21, 22, and 23 are measured as the output voltage Vout of the amplifier 30.
- the switching means SW and the switches S 1 , S 2 , S 3 are switched (Step 1 to Step 6).
- the first voltages V 1 , V 2 , V 3 , and the like generated at the electrodes 21, 22, 23 when no external resistance is connected between the electrodes 21, 22, 23 and the ground potential and
- the second voltages V ′ 1 , V ′ 2 , V ′ 3 generated at the electrodes 21, 22, 23 when the external resistor Rg is connected between the electrodes 21, 22, 23 and the ground potential are Measured.
- the electrodes 21, 22, and 23 are indicated as channels ch 1 , ch 2 , and ch 3 , respectively.
- Step 1 the first voltage (when no external resistor is connected) V 1 generated at the electrode 21 (ch 1 ) is given by Expression (1).
- step 4 the second voltage (when the external resistor Rg is connected) V ′ 1 generated at the electrode 21 (ch 1 ) is expressed by the equation (2) when the input resistance R in of the amplifier 30 is very large.
- R b1 represents the resistance value of the internal resistance between the signal source Vs and the electrode 21 (ch 1 ) in the living body 10
- R b0 represents the internal resistance between the signal source Vs and the ground electrode 20. Represents the resistance value.
- R b2 represents the resistance value of the internal resistance between the signal source Vs in the living body 10 and the electrode 22 (ch 2 ), and R b3 represents the signal source Vs in the living body 10 and the electrode 23 (ch 3). ) Represents the resistance value of the internal resistance.
- the resistance values R b1 , R b2 , and R b3 of the internal resistance are respectively the signal source Vs in the living body 10 and the electrodes 21, 22, 23. It is thought that it is proportional to the distance. Therefore, from the equations (3), (4), and (5), the distances L 1 , L 2 , and L 3 between the signal source Vs in the living body 10 and the electrodes 21, 22, and 23 are expressed by the equation (6), respectively. ), (7), (8).
- ⁇ is a constant determined by the conductivity of the living body 10 or the like.
- the distances L 1 , L 2 , and L 3 are the attenuation ratios (V ′ 1 / V 1 , V ′ 2 / V 2 , V ′ 3), respectively. / V 3 ) as a function of the reciprocal.
- the signal source Vs includes spheres Q 1 , Q 2 , Q having radii L 1 , L 2 , L 3 centered on the electrodes 21, 22, 23. It is considered to exist at the intersection of three .
- the three-dimensional position coordinates (x, y, z) of the signal source Vs are obtained by solving the equations (9), (10), (11) of the three spheres Q 1 , Q 2 , Q 3. be able to.
- the constants ⁇ and R b0 can be estimated and determined from an X-ray fluoroscopic image of the living body 10 including the signal source Vs, for example.
- an external resistor is connected in parallel between the three electrodes 21, 22, and 23 arranged on the surface of the living body 10 and the ground potential, and the connection state is switched to each electrode 21, 22, By measuring the ratio (attenuation ratio) of the voltage generated at 23, the three-dimensional position of the signal source Vs in the living body 10 can be easily detected. Thereby, the three-dimensional position of the signal source Vs in the living body can be accurately detected using a small number of electrodes.
- the signal source Vs in the living body 10 is assumed to be one, but in practice, a plurality of signal sources may be generated at the same time. Even in such a case, according to the present embodiment, the most dominant point of the electric signals of these signal sources can be obtained as the signal source.
- the position of one intersection may not always be obtained from the three formulas (9), (10), and (11).
- the position of the intersection can be narrowed down to a certain range, and therefore, for example, the center point in the range is set to the signal source Vs. It can be detected as a position.
- the electrical conductivity in the living body 10 is uniform, but in reality, the electrical conductivity is not necessarily uniform because different tissues such as bone and fat are present.
- the electrodes 21, 22, and 22 at positions where other tissues are not interposed, It is possible to accurately detect the position of the signal source Vs.
- the switching means SW and the switches S1, S2, and S3 are switched, and the first voltages V 1 , V 2 , and V 3 at the electrodes 21, 22, and 23 are switched.
- second voltages V ′ 1 , V ′ 2 , V ′ 3 are sequentially measured. Therefore, if the potential of the signal voltage Vs changes within these switching times, an error may occur in the position measurement of the signal source Vs. Therefore, it is preferable to switch each electrode and the external resistance as fast as possible. For example, it is preferable to switch at 1 ⁇ s or less, desirably 0.1 ⁇ s or less.
- the resistance value of the first external resistor is infinite (non-conducting) and the resistance value of the second external resistor is Rg.
- the first external resistor is the second external resistor.
- the resistance value may be different from the resistance value.
- the in-vivo signal source position detection method arranges the three electrodes 21, 22, 23 on the surface of the living body 10, and between each electrode 21, 22, 23 and the ground potential.
- a first external resistor and a second external resistor that can be switched to each other are connected in parallel.
- a first voltage V i (i 1, 2, 2) generated at each electrode 21, 22, 23. 3
- a second voltage V ′ i (i 1) generated at each electrode 21, 22, 23 when a second external resistor is connected in parallel between each electrode 21, 22, 23 and the ground potential. , 2, 3).
- FIG. 4A and 4B are image diagrams of the results of measuring the heart potential using the in-vivo signal source position detection method according to this embodiment.
- FIG. 4A shows the voltage waveform (electrocardiogram) of the signal source measured at each electrode.
- the points P 1 , P 2 , P 2 , R, S, and T are respectively the voltage waveforms P 1 , P 2 , and P shown in FIG.
- the three-dimensional positions of the signal sources corresponding to P 3 , R, and T are shown. As shown in FIG. 4B, it is possible to detect in real time how the signal source in the electrical activity of the heart is moving from the atria to the ventricles.
- an abnormal waveform such as an arrhythmia occurs in the voltage waveform (electrocardiogram)
- the signal source of the abnormal waveform occurred, which is effective for diagnosing diseases such as arrhythmia.
- FIG. 1 also shows the configuration of the in-vivo signal source position detection apparatus in the present embodiment.
- the in-vivo signal source position detection apparatus includes at least three electrodes 21, 22, 23 disposed on the surface of the living body 10, and each electrode 21, 22, 23 and a ground potential.
- switching means SW for switching the first external resistance and the second external resistance to each other and connecting them in parallel is provided.
- the first external resistance is switched to a parallel connection between the electrodes 21, 22, and 23 and the ground potential by the switching unit SW.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an electric network for explaining the in-vivo signal source position detecting method according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- three electrodes 21, 22, and 23 are arranged on the surface of the living body 10. Further, between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22, between the second electrode 22 and the third electrode 23, and between the third electrode 23 and the first electrode 21, respectively.
- the first external resistor and the second external resistor that can be switched to each other are connected in parallel.
- the resistance value of the first external resistor is set to infinity
- the resistance value of the second external resistor is set to Rg.
- the ground electrode 20 is arrange
- switches S 1 , S 2 , S 3 , and SS 1 , SS 2 , SS 3 are arranged between the electrodes 21, 22, 23 and the differential amplifier 30. Then, the switches S 1 , S 2 , S 3 , and SS 1 , SS 2 , SS 3 are sequentially brought into conduction as shown in FIG. 6, whereby the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 are connected. , The voltage generated between the second electrode 22 and the third electrode 23 and between the third electrode 23 and the first electrode 21 is measured as the output voltage Vout of the differential amplifier 30. The Also, the electrodes are switched by the switching means SW between when the external resistor is not connected and when the external resistor Rg is connected. As a result, as shown in FIG.
- the switching means SW and the switches S 1 , S 2 , S 3 , SS 1 , SS 2 , SS 3 are respectively switched (Step 1 to Step 6), and each electrode is switched.
- the first voltage V 12 generated between the electrode 21 and the electrode 22 when the external resistor is not connected, to conduct a switch S 1 and SS 2, by switching the switching means SW to the A side can be measured.
- the electrodes 21, 22, and 23 are indicated as channels ch 1 , ch 2 , and ch 3 , respectively.
- R b1 and R b2 are the resistance value of the internal resistance between the signal source Vs and the electrode 21 (ch 1 ) in the living body 10, and the inside between the signal source Vs and the electrode 22 (ch 2 ), respectively. Indicates the resistance value of the resistor.
- the ratio V ′ 23 / V 23 (attenuation ratio) of the first voltage V 23 and the second voltage V ′ 23 generated between the electrode 22 and the electrode 23 (between the channels ch 2 and ch 3 ).
- the ratio V ′ 31 / V 31 (attenuation ratio) between the first voltage V 31 and the second voltage V ′ 31 generated between the electrode 23 and the electrode 21 (between the channels ch 3 and ch 1 ).
- R b3 represents the resistance value of the internal resistance between the signal source Vs in the living body 10 and the electrode 23 (ch 3 ).
- the internal resistance in the living body 10 is represented by the sum of the internal resistances between the electrodes and the signal source.
- the internal resistance in the living body 10 is R It is represented by b1 + R b2 .
- the sum of the internal resistances (R b1 + R b2 ) is the distance D between the electrode 21 and the signal source Vs. 1 and the sum (D 1 + D 2 ) of the distance D 2 between the electrode 22 and the signal source Vs. Therefore, from the expressions (12), (13), and (14), the sums (D 1 + D 2 ), (D 2 + D 3 ), and (D 3 + D 1 ) of the distances between the electrodes and the signal source Vs are respectively , (15), (16), and (17).
- ⁇ is a constant determined by the conductivity of the living body 10 and the like.
- the sum (D 1 + D 2 ), (D 2 + D 3 ), and (D 3 + D 1 ) of the distances between the electrodes and the signal source Vs are: Each is expressed as a function of the reciprocal of the attenuation ratio (V ′ 12 / V 12 ), (V ′ 23 / V 23 ), and (V ′ 31 / V 31 ).
- the signal source Vs includes ellipsoids E 1 and electrodes 22 and 23 (channel ch 2 ) that focus on the electrodes 21 and 22 (channels ch 1 and ch 2 ).
- the three-dimensional position coordinates (x, y, z) of the signal source Vs can be obtained by solving the equations (18), (19), (20) of the three ellipsoids E 1 , E 2 , E 3 .
- the constant ⁇ can be estimated and determined in advance from an X-ray fluoroscopic image of the living body 10 including the signal source Vs.
- the equations (18), (19), and (20) include the signal source Vs and Since the internal resistance Rb0 between the ground electrode 20 is not included in the equation, the three-dimensional position of the signal source Vs can be obtained more accurately.
- FIG. 5 also shows the configuration of the in-vivo signal source position detection apparatus in the present embodiment.
- the in-vivo signal source position detection apparatus includes at least three electrodes 21, 22, 23 arranged on the surface of the living body 10, and each electrode 21, 22, 23 and a ground potential.
- switching means SW for switching the first external resistance and the second external resistance to each other and connecting them in parallel is provided.
- the first external resistance is switched to a parallel connection between the electrodes 21, 22, and 23 and the ground potential by the switching unit SW.
- FIGS. 8A to 8C are diagrams showing an electric circuit network for explaining the in-vivo signal source position detecting method according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the electrode 21 (channel ch 1 ) is measured. Is connected to ground potential.
- the electrode 22 (channel ch 2 ) when measuring the first voltage V 3 and the second voltage V ′ 3 generated in the electrode 23 (channel ch 3 ), the electrode 22 (channel ch 2 ). Is connected to ground potential.
- FIG. 8C when measuring the first voltage V 1 and the second voltage V ′ 1 generated in the electrode 21 (channel ch 1 ), the electrode 23 (channel ch 3 ). Is connected to ground potential.
- the internal resistances between the electrodes 21, 22, and 23 connected to the ground potential and the signal source Vs are R ′ b1 , R ′ b2 , and R ′ b3 , respectively. Is displayed. This is due to the following reasons.
- the living body is considered as an electric network composed of a signal source and an infinite number of resistors.
- the resistance values from the signal source Vs to the electrodes 21, 22, 23 and the ground electrode are acquired as a combined resistance of the circuit network between the signal source Vs and each electrode and a combined resistance between the signal source Vs and the ground electrode. The For this reason, if the combination of the electrode connected to the ground potential and the electrode for measuring the voltage are different, the circuit network from the signal source Vs to the electrode is different, so that the resistance value obtained with the same electrode is different. That is, in FIGS.
- R b1 and R ′ b1 , R b2 and R ′ b2 , R b3 and R ′ b3 are respectively connected from the signal source Vs to the electrodes 21, 22 and 23.
- V 12 (attenuation ratio) is given by equation (21).
- the first voltage V 12 and the second voltage V 12 are voltages generated between the electrode 21 and the electrode 22 when no external resistance is connected between the electrode 21 and the electrode 22, respectively.
- the ellipsoids E 1 , E 2 , E 3 focus on the ellipsoid having the electrodes 21 and 22 (channels ch 1 and ch 2 ) as the focal points, and the electrodes 22 and 23 (channels ch 2 and ch 3 ), respectively. And an ellipsoid having the electrodes 23 and 21 (channels ch 3 and ch 1 ) as focal points.
- the three-dimensional position coordinates (x, y, z) of the signal source Vs are represented by the three spheres Q 1 , Q 2 , Q 3 (9), (10),
- the resistance value R b0 of the internal resistance between the signal source Vs and the ground electrode 20 is an unknown number
- the three ellipsoids E described in the second embodiment are obtained. 1 , E 2 , E 3 can be obtained by solving equations (18), (19), (20).
- the ellipsoids E 1 , E 2 , and E 3 have ellipsoids that focus on the electrode 21 (channel ch 1 ) and the ground electrode 20, respectively, and focus on the electrode 22 (channel ch 2 ) and the ground electrode 20.
- An ellipsoid having an ellipsoid and a focus on the electrode 23 (channel ch 3 ) and the ground electrode 20.
- the three-dimensional position coordinates (x, y, z) of the signal source Vs are expressed by the equations (18), (19) of the three ellipsoids E 1 , E 2 , E 3.
- (20) is obtained by transforming equations (18), (19), (20) into equations for each of three unknowns R b1 , R b2 , R b3 . It can be obtained by solving the equation.
- the three electrodes 21, 22, and 23 are arranged on the surface of the living body 10.
- three or more electrodes may be arranged in order to further improve the position detection accuracy of the signal source Vs.
- one ground electrode is disposed in the above embodiment, a plurality of ground electrodes may be disposed.
- the first external resistor and the second external resistor are switched between each other in parallel by the switching means SW between the electrodes 21, 22, 23 and the ground electrode 20, It is not always necessary to use the switching means SW.
- each electrode 21, 22, 23 is composed of an adjacent electrode 21 a, 21 b, electrode 22 a, 22 b, and electrode 23 a, 23 b, and the first electrode 21 a, 22 a, 23 a has a first One circuit is formed by connecting the external resistor Rg1, and another circuit is formed by connecting the second external resistor Rg2 to the electrodes 21b, 22b, and 23b on the other side.
- the 1st and 2nd voltage which arises in each electrode 21,22,23 can be measured, and the position of signal source Vs in a living body can be detected.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of an electric network when the switching means SW is not used.
- the signal source Vs, and the internal resistance R b1 between the signal source Vs and each electrode 21 (21a, 21b), 22 (22a, 22b), 23 (23a, 23b) and the ground electrode 20, R b2 , R b3 , and R b0 are omitted.
- the three electrodes 21 (21 a, 21 b), 22 (22 a, 22 b), 23 (23 a, 23 b) disposed on the surface of the living body 10 and the ground electrode 20 are interposed.
- the first external resistor Rg1 and the second external resistor Rg2 are connected in parallel.
- the second voltage V ′ 1 generated when Rg2 is connected in parallel is amplified and measured by the amplifiers 30A 1 and 30B 1 , respectively.
- a second voltage is generated between the first voltage V 2 generated when the first external resistor Rg1 is connected in parallel and between the electrode 22b and the ground electrode 20.
- the second voltage V ′ 2 generated when the resistor Rg2 is connected in parallel is amplified and measured by the amplifiers 30A 2 and 30B 2 , and the first external resistor Rg1 is connected between the electrode 23a and the ground electrode 20.
- the first voltage V 3 generated when connected in parallel and the second voltage V ′ 3 generated when the second external resistor Rg2 is connected in parallel between the electrode 23b and the ground electrode 20 are respectively the amplifier 30A. 3 , 30B Amplified at 3 and measured.
- the first external resistor Rg1 and the second external resistor Rg2 are provided between the electrodes 21 (21a, 21b), 22 (22a, 22b), 23 (23a, 23b) and the ground electrode 20.
- the connection means for connecting in parallel can be performed by wiring or the like.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の第1の実施形態における生体内信号源位置検出方法を説明する電気回路網を示した図である。
図5は、本発明の第2の実施形態における生体内信号源位置検出方法を説明する電気回路網を示した図である。
図8(a)~(c)は、本発明の第3の実施形態における生体内信号源位置検出方法を説明する電気回路網を示した図である。
20 グランド電極
21 第1の電極(チャネルch1)
22 第2の電極(チャネルch2)
23 第3の電極(チャネルch3)
30 アンプ(測定手段)
Claims (8)
- 生体表面に配置される電極に生じる電圧によって、生体内の信号源の位置を検出する生体内信号源位置検出方法であって、
生体表面に少なくとも3つの電極を配置するとともに、前記各電極とグランド電位との間に、第1の外部抵抗及び第2の外部抵抗をそれぞれ並列接続し、
前記各電極とグランド電位との間に、前記第1の外部抵抗を並列接続したときに各電極に生じる第1の電圧Vi(i=1,2,3)、及び前記各電極とグランド電位との間に、前記第2の外部抵抗を並列接続したときに各電極に生じる第2の電圧V’i(i=1,2,3)を測定し、
前記第1の電圧Vi及び前記第2の電圧V’iから比Vi/V’i(i=1,2,3)を算出し、これら3つの比Vi/V’i(i=1,2,3)に基づいて、生体内の信号源の位置を検出する、生体内信号源位置検出方法。 - 生体表面にグランド電極を配置し、
前記各電極と前記グランド電極との間に、前記第1の外部抵抗及び第2の外部抵抗をそれぞれ並列接続する、請求項1に記載の生体内信号源位置検出方法。 - 前記各電極に生じた前記第1の電圧Vi、及び前記第2の電圧V’iを測定する際、他の2つの電極のうち少なくも一方を、グランド電位に接続する、請求項1に記載の生体内信号源位置検出方法。
- 生体表面に配置される電極に生じる電圧よって、生体内の信号源の位置を検出する生体内信号源位置検出方法であって、
生体表面に第1の電極、第2の電極、及び第3の電極を配置し、
前記第1の電極と前記第2の電極との間、前記第2の電極と前記第3の電極との間、及び前記第3の電極と前記第1の電極との間に、第1の外部抵抗及び第2の外部抵抗をそれぞれ並列接続し、
前記各電極間に前記第1の外部抵抗を並列接続したときに各電極間に生じる第1の電圧V12,V23,V31、及び前記各電極間に前記第2の外部抵抗を並列接続したときに各電極間に生じる第2の電圧V’12,V’23,V’31を測定し、
前記第1の電圧V12,V23,V31及び前記第2の電圧V’12,V’23,V’31からそれぞれ比V12/V’12,V21/V’21,V31/V’31を算出し、これら3つの比V12/V’12,V21/V’21,V31/V’31に基づいて、生体内の信号源の位置を検出する、生体内信号源位置検出方法。 - 前記第1の外部抵抗及び第2の外部抵抗のいずれか一方は、抵抗値が無限大である、請求項1~4の何れかに記載の生体内信号源位置検出方法。
- 前記第1の電圧と前記第2の電圧との電圧比の測定を1サイクルとして、繰り返し行い、各サイクルにおける電圧比の時系列な測定データから、生体内の信号源の位置の移動軌跡を検出する、請求項1~5の何れかに記載の生体内信号源位置検出方法。
- 生体表面に配置される電極に生じる電圧よって、生体内の信号源の位置を検出する生体内信号源位置検出装置であって、
生体表面に配置する少なくとも3つの電極と、
各電極とグランド電位との間に、第1の外部抵抗及び第2の外部抵抗を、それぞれ並列接続する接続手段と、
前記各電極を生体表面に配置した状態で、前記接続手段により、前記各電極とグランド電位との間に、前記第1の外部抵抗を並列接続したときに各電極に生じる第1の電圧Vi(i=1,2,3)、及び各電極とグランド電位との間に、前記第2の外部抵抗を並列接続したときに各電極に生じる第2の電圧V’i(i=1,2,3)を測定する測定手段と、
前記第1の電圧Vi及び前記第2の電圧V’iから比Vi/V’i(i=1,2,3)を算出し、これら3つの比Vi/V’i(i=1,2,3)を基づいて、生体内の信号源の位置を検出する検出手段と
を備えた、生体内信号源位置検出装置。 - 生体表面に配置される電極に生じる電圧よって、生体内の信号源の位置を検出する生体内信号源位置検出装置であって、
生体表面に配置する第1の電極、第2の電極、及び第3の電極と、
前記第1の電極と前記第2の電極との間、前記第2の電極と前記第3の電極との間、及び前記第3の電極と前記第1の電極との間に、第1の外部抵抗及び第2の外部抵抗を、それぞれ並列接続する接続手段と、
前記各電極を生体表面に配置した状態で、前記測定手段により、前記各電極間に前記第1の外部抵抗を並列接続したときに各電極間に生じる第1の電圧V12,V23,V31、及び前記各電極間に前記第2の外部抵抗を並列接続したときに各電極間に生じる第2の電圧V’12,V’23,V’31を測定する測定手段と、
前記第1の電圧V12,V23,V31及び前記第2の電圧V’12,V’23,V’31からそれぞれ比V12/V’12,V21/V’21,V31/V’31を算出し、これら3つの比V12/V’12,V21/V’21,V31/V’31に基づいて、生体内の信号源の位置を検出する検出手段と
を備えた、生体内信号源位置検出装置。
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