WO2016072277A1 - 半導体発光素子 - Google Patents
半導体発光素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016072277A1 WO2016072277A1 PCT/JP2015/079807 JP2015079807W WO2016072277A1 WO 2016072277 A1 WO2016072277 A1 WO 2016072277A1 JP 2015079807 W JP2015079807 W JP 2015079807W WO 2016072277 A1 WO2016072277 A1 WO 2016072277A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/08—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a plurality of light emitting regions, e.g. laterally discontinuous light emitting layer or photoluminescent region integrated within the semiconductor body
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/0004—Devices characterised by their operation
- H01L33/002—Devices characterised by their operation having heterojunctions or graded gap
- H01L33/0025—Devices characterised by their operation having heterojunctions or graded gap comprising only AIIIBV compounds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/04—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a quantum effect structure or superlattice, e.g. tunnel junction
- H01L33/06—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a quantum effect structure or superlattice, e.g. tunnel junction within the light emitting region, e.g. quantum confinement structure or tunnel barrier
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/12—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a stress relaxation structure, e.g. buffer layer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/20—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a particular shape, e.g. curved or truncated substrate
- H01L33/24—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a particular shape, e.g. curved or truncated substrate of the light emitting region, e.g. non-planar junction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/26—Materials of the light emitting region
- H01L33/30—Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of group III and group V of the periodic system
- H01L33/32—Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of group III and group V of the periodic system containing nitrogen
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a semiconductor light emitting element such as a light emitting diode (LED).
- LED light emitting diode
- a semiconductor structure layer composed of an n-type semiconductor layer, an active layer, and a p-type semiconductor layer is usually grown on a growth substrate, and a voltage is applied to the n-type semiconductor layer and the p-type semiconductor layer, respectively.
- An electrode and a p-electrode are formed.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a white light emitting diode in which red, green and blue light emitting diodes are stacked in this order so that they emit light in the same direction.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a white light emitting device including a first light emitting unit bonded to a conductive submount substrate by a metal layer and a second light emitting unit formed in a region of the upper surface of the conductive submount substrate. It is disclosed.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a semiconductor light emitting device including a plurality of well layers made of InGaN and having different In compositions in the respective well layers.
- the semiconductor light emitting device emits light when electrons and holes injected from the electrode into the device are combined (recombined) in the active layer.
- the wavelength of light emitted from the active layer (that is, the emission color) varies depending on the band gap of the semiconductor material constituting the active layer. For example, in the case of a light emitting element using a nitride semiconductor, blue light is emitted from the active layer.
- color rendering properties may be required for the light source, for example, for lighting purposes.
- a light source having a high color rendering property is a light source that emits light close to natural light. In order to obtain high color rendering properties, it is preferable that light having a wavelength in almost the entire visible range is extracted from the light source. For example, light extracted from a light source having high color rendering properties is observed as white light.
- a light-emitting device is manufactured by mixing a wavelength conversion member such as a phosphor into a sealing resin and sealing the element with the sealing resin.
- a wavelength conversion member such as a phosphor
- sealing resin for example, in the case of a semiconductor light emitting device using an active layer that emits blue light, part of the blue light from the active layer is converted into yellow light by the phosphor, and both are mixed and taken out. Accordingly, white light is observed as a whole.
- a method has been proposed in which a plurality of active layers having different compositions are stacked to broaden the emission wavelength without using a phosphor.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above points, eliminates the need for a wavelength conversion member such as a phosphor, and emits semiconductor light with a high color rendering property and a high emission intensity having a wide emission wavelength band (spectrum width) in the visible range.
- the object is to provide an element.
- a semiconductor light emitting device includes a first semiconductor layer having a first conductivity type, a light emitting functional layer including a light emitting layer formed on the first semiconductor layer, a light emitting functional layer, A semiconductor light emitting device having a second semiconductor layer having a conductivity type opposite to that of the first semiconductor layer, wherein the light emitting layer has a composition that receives stress strain from the first semiconductor layer and has a random network shape.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a light emitting layer in a semiconductor light emitting element according to Modification 1 of Example 1.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a light emitting layer in a semiconductor light emitting element according to Modification 2 of Example 1.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a semiconductor light emitting device according to Example 2.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing an emission spectrum of a semiconductor light emitting device according to Example 2.
- FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the semiconductor light emitting device 10 of the first embodiment (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as a light emitting device or an element).
- the semiconductor light emitting element 10 has a structure in which a semiconductor structure layer SL is formed on a mounting substrate (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as a substrate) 11.
- the semiconductor structure layer SL is formed on the n-type semiconductor layer (first semiconductor layer) 12 formed on the mounting substrate 11, the light emitting functional layer 13 formed on the n type semiconductor layer 12, and the light emitting functional layer 13.
- the electron block layer 14 and the p-type semiconductor layer (second semiconductor layer, semiconductor layer having a conductivity type opposite to that of the first semiconductor layer 12) 15 formed on the electron block layer 14 are included.
- the mounting substrate 11 is made of, for example, a growth substrate used for growing the semiconductor structure layer SL, and is made of, for example, sapphire.
- the semiconductor structure layer SL is made of a nitride semiconductor.
- the semiconductor light emitting device 10 uses the C-plane of the sapphire substrate as a crystal growth surface, and grows the semiconductor structure layer SL on the sapphire substrate by using metal-organic-chemical-vapor-deposition (MOCVD) method. Can be produced.
- MOCVD metal-organic-chemical-vapor-deposition
- the light emitting element 10 has an n electrode and a p electrode for applying a voltage to the n type semiconductor layer 12 and the p type semiconductor layer 15, respectively.
- the light emitting element 10 has a structure in which the semiconductor structure layer SL is formed on the growth substrate as the mounting substrate 11
- the mounting substrate 11 is a growth substrate.
- the semiconductor light emitting device 10 may have a structure in which after the semiconductor structure layer SL is grown on the growth substrate, the semiconductor structure layer SL is bonded to another substrate and the growth substrate is removed. In this case, the other bonded substrate is formed on the p-type semiconductor layer 15.
- the bonding substrate for example, a material with high heat dissipation such as Si, AlN, Mo, W, or CuW can be used.
- a buffer layer (underlayer) may be provided between the mounting substrate 11 and the n-type semiconductor layer 12.
- the buffer layer is provided, for example, for the purpose of alleviating strain that may occur at the interface between the growth substrate and the semiconductor structure layer SL and at the interface between the layers in the semiconductor structure layer SL.
- an n-type semiconductor layer 12 was laminated.
- the n-type semiconductor layer 12 is made of, for example, a GaN layer containing an n-type dopant (for example, Si).
- the electron block layer 14 is made of, for example, an AlGaN layer.
- the p-type semiconductor layer 15 is made of, for example, a GaN layer containing a p-type dopant (for example, Mg).
- the n-type semiconductor layer 12 may include a plurality of n-type semiconductor layers having different dopant concentrations.
- the electron block layer 14 may contain a p-type dopant.
- the p-type semiconductor layer 15 may have a contact layer on the main surface opposite to the interface with the electron block layer 14.
- the light emitting functional layer 13 may have a plurality of light emitting layers, in this embodiment, the case where the light emitting functional layer 13 is composed of one light emitting layer will be described. Therefore, in this embodiment, the light emitting layer as the light emitting functional layer 13 will be described.
- the light emitting layer 13 is formed on the n-type semiconductor layer 12 and has a quantum well (QW) structure.
- the light emitting layer 13 has a base layer BL having a composition different from that of the n-type semiconductor layer 12.
- the base layer BL has a groove GR formed in a random mesh shape under stress from the n-type semiconductor layer 12. That is, the groove GR is formed in a mesh shape in which a plurality of groove portions generated by stress strain generated in the base layer BL due to different compositions between the n-type semiconductor layer 12 and the base layer BL are combined.
- the stress strain generated in the base layer BL means that the crystal structure of the base layer BL is distorted due to a difference in lattice constant between the n-type semiconductor layer 12 and the base layer BL.
- the light emitting layer 13 has a quantum well structure layer QW formed of a quantum well layer WA and a barrier layer BA formed on the base layer BL.
- the quantum well layer WA is formed on the base layer BL
- the barrier layer BA is formed on the quantum well layer WA.
- the base layer BL functions as a barrier layer with respect to the quantum well layer WA.
- FIG. 1B is a diagram schematically showing the upper surface of the base layer BL.
- the base layer BL has a large number of fine base segments BS which are defined by the grooves GR and are formed at random sizes.
- Each of the base segments BS is partitioned into a random network by having a composition in which the base layer receives stress strain from the n-type semiconductor layer 12.
- the groove GR is composed of groove portions having different lengths and shapes at random from each other.
- the groove GR is formed to be stretched in a mesh shape (mesh shape) on the surface of the base layer BL.
- Each of the base segments BS is a portion (segment) that is randomly partitioned in the base layer BL by the groove GR.
- Each base segment BS has various top shapes such as a substantially circular shape, a substantially elliptical shape, and a polygonal shape.
- the groove GR has, for example, a V-shaped cross-sectional shape (FIG. 1A). Further, as shown in FIG. 1B, the groove GR has a line-shaped bottom portion BP.
- each of the base segments BS has the bottom BP in the groove GR as its end.
- Each base segment BS is adjacent to another base segment BS at the bottom BP.
- the base layer BL has a flat portion FL corresponding to each of the base segments BS.
- the surface of the base layer BL is constituted by the flat portion FL and the inner wall surface of the groove GR.
- Each of the flat portions FL is partitioned for each base segment BS by the groove GR.
- the base segment BS has an upper surface made of the flat portion FL and a side surface made of the inner wall surface of the groove GR.
- each base segment BS has an inclined side surface, and has, for example, a substantially trapezoidal shape in its cross section.
- the light emitting layer 13 has a quantum well layer WA formed on the base layer BL.
- the quantum well layer WA is formed by filling the trench GR.
- the upper surface of the quantum well layer WA is formed as a flat surface (hereinafter referred to as a first flat surface) FS1.
- the quantum well layer WA has an uneven shape corresponding to the groove GR at the interface (lower surface) with the base layer BL, and has a flat shape at the upper surface. That is, the quantum well layer WA has a first flat surface FS1 that is flattened by embedding the base layer BL, as shown in FIG.
- the quantum well layer WA is formed as a strained quantum well layer.
- the light emitting layer 13 has a barrier layer BA formed on the quantum well layer WA.
- the barrier layer BA is formed such that both main surfaces are flat surfaces.
- the barrier layer BA is formed on the first flat surface FS1 of the quantum well layer WA, and the upper surface is formed as a flat surface (hereinafter referred to as a second flat surface) FS2.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the light emitting layer 13.
- FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing a part surrounded by a broken line in FIG.
- the light emitting layer 13 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG.
- the base layer BL of the light emitting layer 13 is formed on the first sub-base layer BL1 having a composition of Al x Ga 1-x N (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1) and the first sub-base layer BL1, and Al y
- a second sub-base layer BL2 having a composition of Ga 1-y N (0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1) is included.
- the base layer BL has a plurality of sub-base layers composed of a plurality of AlGaN layers having different Al compositions.
- the quantum well layer WA has an InGaN composition.
- the barrier layer BA has a GaN composition.
- the electron block layer 14 has a composition of Al z Ga 1 -zN (0 ⁇ z ⁇ 1).
- the first sub base layer BL1 has a larger layer thickness T1 than the second sub base layer BL2. Specifically, the layer thickness T1 of the first sub base layer BL1 is larger than the layer thickness T2 of the second sub base layer BL2.
- the base segment BS in the base layer BL can be formed by growing the AlGaN layer BL1 and the AlN layer BL2 as the base layer BL on the GaN layer as the n-type semiconductor layer 12 at a relatively low temperature.
- the base layer BL has a lattice constant smaller than that of the n-type semiconductor layer 12.
- the base layer BL has a lattice constant smaller than that of the n-type semiconductor layer 12.
- an AlGaN layer as the first sub-base layer BL1 is grown on a GaN layer as the n-type semiconductor layer 12
- tensile strain is generated in the AlGaN layer by the GaN layer. Therefore, tensile stress is generated in the AlGaN layer during its growth.
- an AlN layer as the second sub-base layer BL2 is formed on the AlGaN layer, the tensile stress is further increased.
- a groove is formed in the AlN layer at the start of growth or during the growth of the AlN layer, and thereafter, the AlN layer grows three-dimensionally. That is, the AlN layer grows three-dimensionally and a plurality of fine irregularities are formed.
- the formation start point of this groove is the bottom portion BP of the groove GR.
- the base layer BL having the base segment BS can be formed.
- the AlGaN layer and the AlN layer as the base layer BL were formed at a growth temperature of 1100 ° C.
- the quantum well layer WA is formed as a strained quantum well layer. Further, a distribution occurs in the In content in the quantum well layer WA. That is, in the quantum well layer WA, for example, the region on the flat portion FL and the region on the trench GR are formed so as to have different In compositions.
- the layer thickness of the quantum well layer WA differs between the upper surface and the side surface of the base segment BS. Therefore, the band gap is not constant in the quantum well layer WA. Therefore, light of various colors is emitted from the light emitting layer 13 having fine island-shaped irregularities.
- an AlN layer (that is, the second sub-base layer BL2) may be formed directly on the GaN layer.
- AlN inhibits the movement of carriers (electrons) from the n-type semiconductor layer (GaN layer) 12 to the quantum well layer WA due to its large band gap. Since the AlGaN layer (first sub-base layer BL1) has a band gap intermediate between the AlN layer and the GaN layer, inhibition of carrier movement can be reduced. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress a decrease in emission intensity.
- the base layer BL by setting the base layer BL to a layer thickness that causes a carrier tunnel effect, the movement of electrons to the light-emitting layer 13 is promoted, and the recombination probability with holes is improved.
- the InGaN layer that is the quantum well layer WA is formed on the AlN layer that is the second sub-base layer BL2
- the InGaN layer is subjected to compressive strain by the AlN layer.
- In is easily taken into the InGaN layer. Therefore, by forming an InGaN layer on the second sub-base layer BL2 having a high Al composition, an InGaN layer having a high In composition can be formed. Thereby, the band gap in the InGaN layer, that is, the energy between the quantum levels is reduced. Accordingly, light having a longer emission wavelength is emitted from the quantum well layer WA.
- light having an intensity peak on the longer wavelength side than the blue region is emitted from the light emitting layer 13.
- the thickness T1 of the first sub-base layer is set to 6.6 nm
- broad light having a spectral intensity peak at about 530 nm is emitted.
- the base layer BL has the first and second sub-base layers BL1 and BL2 having different Al compositions. Therefore, the light emitting element 10 having a spectral width over a wide wavelength range is formed.
- the second sub-base layer BL2 has an Al composition larger than that of the first sub-base layer BL1, the light-emitting layer 13 emits light excellent in both the emission wavelength broadening and the light emission intensity. Released. Accordingly, the light emitting layer 13 having high color rendering properties and high light emission intensity is obtained.
- the base segment BS of the base layer BL has a flat portion FL. Therefore, the quantum well layer WA is formed so as to fill the trench GR, and the upper surface becomes the flat surface FS1. Therefore, good crystallinity is ensured on the upper surface of the quantum well layer WA.
- the surface of the base layer BL is composed of the flat portion FL and the groove GR has been described.
- the surface shape is not limited to this case.
- the base layer BL may have a curved surface portion on the upper surface of the base segment BS.
- the inventors examined the formation of a multiple quantum well structure having a plurality of quantum well layers having flat surfaces and different In compositions, instead of the light emitting layer like the light emitting layer 13.
- the In composition range that can be formed is limited, and in the case of a light emitting device having a light emitting layer having a multiple quantum well structure in which the In composition is changed, it has a wide wavelength band as the light emitting device 10 of this embodiment. A spectrum could not be obtained. Specifically, light having a constant wavelength and its intensity over a wide range was not extracted.
- the inventors manufactured a light emitting element in which light emitting layers formed of different materials and having different band gaps are stacked as another examination example.
- the light emitting layer is simply laminated with different materials, only light having a peak wavelength corresponding to the band gap is extracted, and the spectral intensity between peaks is small.
- the color mixture balance becomes unstable, and it is difficult to obtain white light.
- a step of forming a light emitting layer of a different material but also its crystallinity is not preferable.
- the light emitting functional layer 13 having the quantum well layer WA having a fine structure, light having a light emission wavelength band (half-value width) can be easily and reliably spread over a wide visible range. I was able to get it.
- the inventors formed the light emitting layer 13 having the following layer thickness.
- the first sub base layer BL1 in the base layer BL has a layer thickness of 6.6 nm
- the second sub base layer BL2 has a layer thickness of 1 nm.
- the size of the base segment BS in the in-plane direction is approximately several tens of nm to several ⁇ m.
- the quantum well structure layer QW has a structure including one quantum well layer WA and one barrier layer BA
- the quantum well structure layer QW includes one quantum well layer WA and The present invention is not limited to the case where the barrier layer BA is formed.
- the quantum well structure layer QW may be composed of a plurality of quantum well layers WA and a plurality of barrier layers BA. That is, the quantum well structure layer QW may have a single quantum well (SQW) structure or a multiple quantum well (MQW) structure. That is, the quantum well structure layer QW only needs to be composed of at least one quantum well layer WA and at least one barrier layer BA.
- SQW single quantum well
- MQW multiple quantum well
- each of the first sub-base layers BL1 has the same layer thickness T3.
- each of the first base layers BL1 has a layer thickness T3 of 1.5 nm or 2.2 nm.
- each of the second sub-base layers BL2 has the same layer thickness T2.
- each of the second sub-base layers BL2 has a layer thickness T2 of 1 nm.
- the spectrum is about 520 nm, and when the layer thickness T3 of the first sub-base layer BL1 is set to 2.2 nm, the spectrum is about 535 nm. Broad light with an intensity peak was obtained.
- the base layer BLM has a groove GR on the upper surface thereof. That is, in the present modification, the grooves GR of all the sub-base layers other than the first sub-base layer BL1 positioned closest to the n-type semiconductor layer 12 among the first and second sub-base layers BL1 and BL2. An internal groove is formed at a position corresponding to.
- each of the first and second sub-base layers BL1 and BL2 in the base layer BLM has a layer thickness of about several nm, that is, a layer thickness that causes a carrier tunnel effect. Therefore, a decrease in the carrier recombination probability is suppressed, and a decrease in the emission intensity is suppressed.
- the size and depth of the groove can be adjusted by adjusting the composition and the layer thickness of each sub-base layer. Therefore, the structure of the base layer BLM can be controlled with a high degree of freedom.
- a groove GR is preferably formed on the surface (upper surface) of the base layer BLM, and the base layer BLM is preferably partitioned into base segments BS.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of the semiconductor light emitting device 10B according to the second modification of the first embodiment.
- the light emitting element 10B has the same configuration as that of the light emitting element 10 except for the configuration of the light emitting functional layer 13B.
- the light emitting functional layer 13B has a structure in which a plurality of light emitting layers 13 in Example 1 are stacked (two layers in this modification). More specifically, the light emitting functional layer 13B includes a base layer BLA, a quantum well layer WA, and a barrier layer BA, and the base layer BLB, the quantum well layer WB, and the barrier layer BB are stacked on the barrier layer BA. It has a structure.
- the light emitting functional layer 13B has a structure in which first and second light emitting layers 13B1 and 13B2 having the same configuration as the light emitting layer 13 are stacked.
- the base layer BLA in the first light emitting layer 13B1 and the base layer BLB in the second light emitting layer 13B2 have grooves GR1 and GR2 formed independently of each other.
- Each of the bottom portions BP1 and BP2 of each of the grooves GR1 and GR2 is formed at a position unrelated to each other. That is, each of the base layers BLA and BLB has base segments BS1 and BS2 formed independently of each other.
- the first and second light-emitting layers 13B1 and 13B2 have different peaks by adjusting the shape and size (particle size) of the base segment BS of each of the first and second light-emitting layers 13B1 and 13B2.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the semiconductor light emitting device 30 of the second embodiment.
- the light emitting element 30 has the same configuration as the light emitting element 10 except for the configuration of the light emitting functional layer 33.
- the light emitting functional layer 33 is composed of at least one uniformly flat quantum well layer WC and a plurality of barrier layers WC between the n-type semiconductor layer 12 and the light emitting layer 13 in the light emitting element 10, and these are alternately arranged.
- a light emitting layer (third light emitting layer) 33A having a quantum well structure stacked on the substrate.
- the third light emitting layer 33A has a multiple quantum well (MQW) structure in which each of the two quantum well layers WC is sandwiched between each of the three barrier layers BC on the n-type semiconductor layer 13.
- the light emitting layer 13 base layer BL
- Each of the quantum well layers WC has, for example, the same composition as any of the quantum well layers WA and WB, for example, a composition of InGaN.
- Each of the barrier layers BC has the same composition as the barrier layers BA and BB, for example, GaN.
- the barrier layer BC located closest to the light emitting layer 13 has the same composition as the n-type semiconductor layer 12.
- a third light emitting layer 33A having a quantum well structure is added to the light emitting layer 13 in the light emitting element 10 of Example 1 on the n-type semiconductor layer 12 side. Therefore, it is possible to additionally emit light having an emission wavelength peak in a pure blue region as compared with Example 1.
- This embodiment is advantageous when, for example, it is desired to increase the intensity of light in the blue region.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the spectral characteristics of the light emitted from the light emitting element 30.
- the horizontal axis indicates the wavelength
- the vertical axis indicates the emission intensity.
- the light emitting element 30 emits light having two peaks and a high spectral width over almost the entire visible range.
- the peak P1 at a position of about 450 nm on the shortest wavelength side is due to the light emitted from the light emitting layer 33A.
- the peak P2 located around 520 nm is due to the light emitted from the light emitting layer 13.
- it did not have the light emitting layer 33A ie, in the light emitting element 10
- the electron blocking layer 14 is formed between the light emitting functional layers (light emitting layers) 13, 13 ⁇ / b> A, 13 ⁇ / b> B and 33 and the p-type semiconductor layer 15 has been described. It is not limited to the case of providing.
- the p-type semiconductor layer 15 may be formed on the light emitting functional layer 13.
- the electron block layer 14 has a larger band gap than the n-type semiconductor layer 12, the light emitting functional layer 13, and the p-type semiconductor layer 15. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the electrons from overflowing to the p-type semiconductor layer 15 side beyond the light emitting functional layer 13. Therefore, it is preferable to provide the electronic block layer 14 at the time of high current driving and at the time of high temperature operation.
- the first embodiment, the first modification, the second modification, and the second embodiment can be combined with each other.
- a light emitting functional layer including the light emitting layer 13B and the light emitting layer 33A can be formed. It is also possible to laminate the light emitting layers 13 and 13A.
- the light emitting layer 13 includes a base layer BL having a plurality of base segments BS having a composition that receives stress strain from the n-type semiconductor layer 12 and formed in a random network shape;
- the base layer BL includes a quantum well structure layer including at least one quantum well layer WA and at least one barrier layer BA formed by embedding the base layer BL, and the base layer BL includes a plurality of AlGaN layers having different Al compositions.
- the first conductivity type is the n-type conductivity type and the second conductivity type is the p-type conductivity type opposite to the n-type has been described.
- the conductivity type may be p-type, and the second conductivity type may be n-type.
Abstract
Description
[変形例1]
図3は、実施例1の変形例1に係る半導体発光素子10Aの構造を示す断面図である。発光素子10Aは、発光機能層(発光層)13Aのベース層BLMの構造を除いては、発光素子10と同様の構成を有している。発光層13Aのベース層BLMは、第1及び第2の副ベース層BL1及びBL2がこの順で3回繰り返し積層された構造を有している。
[変形例2]
図4は、実施例1の変形例2に係る半導体発光素子10Bの構造を示す断面図である。発光素子10Bは、発光機能層13Bの構成を除いては、発光素子10と同様の構成を有している。発光機能層13Bは、実施例1における発光層13が複数層(本変形例においては2層)積層された構造を有している。より具体的には、発光機能層13Bは、ベース層BLA、量子井戸層WA及び障壁層BAを有し、障壁層BA上に、ベース層BLB、量子井戸層WB及び障壁層BBが積層された構造を有している。
12 n型半導体層(第1の半導体層)
13、13A、13B、33 発光機能層(発光層)
13B1 第1の発光層
13B2 第2の発光層
33A 第3の発光層
14 電子ブロック層
15 p型半導体層(第2の半導体層)
BL、BLA、BLB ベース層
BL1 第1の副ベース層
BL2 第2の副ベース層
BS、BS1、BS2 ベースセグメント
GR 溝
Claims (8)
- 第1の導電型を有する第1の半導体層と、前記第1の半導体層上に形成された発光層を含む発光機能層と、前記発光機能層上に形成され、前記第1の半導体層とは反対の導電型を有する第2の半導体層とを有する半導体発光素子であって、
前記発光層は、前記第1の半導体層から応力歪を受ける組成を有してランダムな網目状に形成された複数のベースセグメントを有するベース層と、前記ベース層を埋め込んで形成された少なくとも1つの量子井戸層及び少なくとも1つの障壁層からなる量子井戸構造層と、を有し、
前記ベース層は、互いに異なるAl組成を有するAlGaNからなる複数の副ベース層を有することを特徴とする半導体発光素子。 - 前記第1の半導体層はGaNの組成を有し、
前記少なくとも1つの量子井戸層の各々はInGaNの組成を有し、
前記ベース層は、前記複数の副ベース層のうち、第1の副ベース層と、前記第1の副ベース層よりも前記第2の半導体層側に形成され、前記第1の副ベース層よりも大きなAl組成を有する第2の副ベース層と、を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体発光素子。 - 前記ベース層は、前記第1及び第2の副ベース層がこの順で複数回繰り返し積層された構造を有することを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の半導体発光素子。
- 前記ベース層は、キャリアのトンネル効果を生じさせる層厚を有することを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか1つに記載の半導体発光素子。
- 前記第2の副ベース層は、AlNの組成を有することを特徴とする請求項2乃至4のいずれか1つに記載の半導体発光素子。
- 前記発光機能層は、複数の前記発光層が積層された構造を有していることを特徴とする請求項1乃至5のいずれか1つに記載の半導体発光素子。
- 前記複数の前記発光層の各々における前記ベース層の各々は、互いに組成が異なることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の半導体発光素子。
- 前記発光機能層は、前記複数の前記発光層のうち、最も前記第1の半導体層側に位置する前記発光層と前記第1の半導体層との間に、少なくとも1つの量子井戸層と複数の障壁層とからなる量子井戸構造を有する発光層を有することを特徴とする請求項6又は7に記載の半導体発光素子。
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