WO2016063339A1 - Appareil d'entraînement de lutte contre l'incendie - Google Patents

Appareil d'entraînement de lutte contre l'incendie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016063339A1
WO2016063339A1 PCT/JP2014/077908 JP2014077908W WO2016063339A1 WO 2016063339 A1 WO2016063339 A1 WO 2016063339A1 JP 2014077908 W JP2014077908 W JP 2014077908W WO 2016063339 A1 WO2016063339 A1 WO 2016063339A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
combustion
combustion gas
burner
discharge pipe
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2014/077908
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
耕一 池松
岩片　真理夫
貴幸 宮崎
Original Assignee
株式会社ニチボウ
光陽産業株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社ニチボウ, 光陽産業株式会社 filed Critical 株式会社ニチボウ
Priority to PCT/JP2014/077908 priority Critical patent/WO2016063339A1/fr
Priority to CN201480002547.3A priority patent/CN105992620B/zh
Priority to KR1020157007559A priority patent/KR101776444B1/ko
Publication of WO2016063339A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016063339A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B9/00—Simulators for teaching or training purposes

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a fire extinguishing training apparatus used for fire extinguishing work training.
  • a fire extinguishing training apparatus includes, as described in Patent Document 1 below, an apparatus main body that contains an incombustible liquid such as water, a gas discharge pipe that discharges combustion gas into the liquid, and an ignition plug. And. When the combustion gas is released from the gas discharge pipe into the liquid, the combustion gas floats in the water and exits upward from the liquid level. This combustion gas is ignited by the spark plug and burns. Fire extinguishing work is performed against this combustion flame. In this way, fire fighting training is performed.
  • Patent Document 1 an apparatus main body that contains an incombustible liquid such as water, a gas discharge pipe that discharges combustion gas into the liquid, and an ignition plug. And. When the combustion gas is released from the gas discharge pipe into the liquid, the combustion gas floats in the water and exits upward from the liquid level. This combustion gas is ignited by the spark plug and burns. Fire extinguishing work is performed against this combustion flame. In this way, fire fighting training is performed.
  • the height of the combustion flame is almost the same in each part in the horizontal direction.
  • the height of the combustion flame generated in an actual fire has a difference in each part in the horizontal direction. For this reason, there was a problem that the fire extinguishing work that can be trained with the conventional fire extinguishing training apparatus is greatly different from the actual fire fighting work.
  • the present invention provides an apparatus main body having an open top and an accommodating portion for accommodating a nonflammable liquid therein, and a gas discharge pipe for discharging combustion gas into the liquid. And an ignition means for igniting the combustion gas released from the gas discharge pipe into the liquid and floating upward from the liquid level, at least the upper part protrudes upward from the liquid level of the liquid.
  • a gas burner that is provided in the housing portion and releases combustion gas upward, and second ignition means for igniting the combustion gas discharged from the gas burner, and the combustion gas discharged from the gas burner
  • the gas burner is configured such that the height of the combustion flame from the liquid level is higher than the height from the liquid level of the combustion flame of the combustion gas rising from the liquid level. It is.
  • the second ignition means is a combustion flame of the combustion gas that has risen from the liquid surface and is ignited by the ignition means.
  • the gas discharge pipe and the gas burner may be supplied with combustion gas from the same combustion gas supply source, or may be supplied with combustion gas from different combustion gas supply sources.
  • the height of the gas emitted from the gas burner from the liquid level of the combustion flame is higher than the height of the gas combustion flame levitated from the liquid level. That is, the height of the combustion flame that rises from the opening of the accommodating portion is different at each portion in the horizontal direction. Therefore, according to the fire fighting training apparatus according to the present invention, the trainer can experience the fire fighting work in a state close to an actual fire or the like.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of the embodiment in a state where combustion gas is burned.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line XX in FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view of a main part of the same embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a view taken in the direction of arrow Y in FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view similar to FIG. 4 showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a plan view similar to FIG. 4 showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the fire extinguishing training apparatus A of this embodiment has an apparatus body 1.
  • the apparatus main body 1 is made of a metal plate having excellent heat resistance and corrosion resistance, such as stainless steel, and is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped box shape having an open top as shown in FIGS.
  • the inside of the apparatus main body 1 is the accommodating part 1a.
  • the apparatus main body 1 may be formed in a square shape or a circular shape in plan view as long as the upper part is opened.
  • the liquid accommodated in the accommodating part 1a may be liquid other than water as long as it is nonflammable.
  • a pair of casters 2 and 2 are provided at one end portion in the longitudinal direction of the lower surface of the apparatus body 1 (left end portion in FIG. 1; hereinafter referred to as a tip portion).
  • the pair of casters 2 and 2 are disposed at both ends of the distal end portion of the apparatus main body 1 in the short direction.
  • the caster 2 has wheels 2a.
  • the wheel 2a is rotatable around a horizontal axis extending in the short direction of the apparatus main body 1.
  • a pair of support shafts 3 and 3 are provided at the other end portion in the longitudinal direction of the lower surface of the apparatus main body 1 (right end portion in FIG. 1; hereinafter referred to as a base end portion).
  • the support shafts 3 and 3 are arranged at both ends of the apparatus main body 1 in the short direction.
  • the support shaft 3 is arranged with its longitudinal direction facing the vertical direction, and its upper end is fixed to the lower surface of the apparatus main body 1.
  • the lower end surface of the support shaft 3 is positioned on the same plane as the lower end edge of the wheel 2a. Therefore, when the lower end surfaces of the support shafts 3 and 3 are placed on a horizontal floor surface or the like, the apparatus main body 1 is horizontally supported by the casters 2 and 2 and the support shafts 3 and 3.
  • the apparatus main body 1 is fixed in position by the frictional resistance acting between the lower end surfaces of the support shafts 3 and 3 and the floor surface.
  • the apparatus main body 1 can be easily moved by the casters 2 and 2 by slightly lifting the base end portion of the apparatus main body 1 and separating the support shafts 3 and 3 from the floor surface or the like.
  • a window hole 1b penetrating the side wall is formed at the base end of the side wall along the longitudinal direction of the apparatus main body 1.
  • the window hole 1b allows outside air to flow into the housing 1a when the combustion gas burns.
  • the window hole 1b has a function of keeping the water level stored in the storage portion 1a constant. That is, when the water surface of the water accommodated in the accommodating portion 1a is located above the lower end edge of the window hole 1b, the amount of water located above flows out from the window hole 1b. Thereby, the water level of the water accommodated in the accommodating part 1a is maintained below or equal to the lower end edge of the window hole 1b.
  • the window hole 1b is formed in a rectangular shape, but may be formed in a square or a circle. Moreover, you may provide in the side wall extended in the front-end
  • a gas discharge pipe 4 is provided inside the housing portion 1a.
  • the gas discharge tube 4 is provided with its longitudinal direction directed to the longitudinal direction of the apparatus main body 1, and is disposed at the center of the apparatus main body 1 in the short direction.
  • the distal end portion (left end portion in FIG. 1) of the gas discharge tube 4 is supported on the bottom wall of the apparatus main body 1 via a bracket 5.
  • the other end of the gas discharge pipe 4 is supported on a side wall on the base end side of the apparatus main body 1 via a pipe 6 described later.
  • the gas discharge pipe 4 is disposed below the lower end edge (water surface) of the window hole 1b so as to be immersed in the water accommodated in the accommodating portion 1a.
  • a discharge hole (not shown) penetrating the peripheral wall portion is provided in the peripheral wall portion of the gas discharge pipe 4. Therefore, when the combustion gas is supplied to the gas discharge pipe 4, the combustion gas is discharged into the water from the discharge hole. The combustion gas released into the water floats up in the water and exits upward from the water surface. Combustion gas emitted from the water surface is ignited by a later-described type fire and continues to burn. At this time, air outside the apparatus main body 1 is introduced into the accommodating portion 1a through the window hole 1b.
  • the same gas as the combustion gas used in the conventional fire extinguishing training apparatus for example, LP gas is used.
  • a plurality of gas burners 7 are provided inside the accommodating portion 1a.
  • the gas burners 7 are arranged on both sides of the gas discharge pipe 4 and spaced apart from each other on a straight line parallel to the gas discharge pipe 4.
  • the gas burners 7 arranged on one side with respect to the gas discharge pipe 4 and the gas burners 7 arranged on the other side are alternately positioned in the longitudinal direction of the gas discharge pipe 4 (longitudinal direction of the apparatus main body 1).
  • the gas burners 7 do not necessarily have to be arranged as described above.
  • the gas burners 7 may be arranged apart from each other in the circumferential direction on one circumference.
  • the gas burner 7 has a burner body 7a.
  • the burner body 7a has a cylindrical shape and is arranged with its axis line directed in the vertical direction.
  • the lower end portion of the burner body 7a is closed by the bottom portion, and the upper end portion is opened.
  • the lower end portion of the burner body 7a is disposed above the water surface. That is, the entire burner body 7a is disposed above the water surface.
  • the burner body 7a does not necessarily have to be positioned entirely above the water surface, and the lower end portion may be positioned below the water surface.
  • the upper end surface of the burner body 7 a is positioned slightly below the upper end surface of the apparatus main body 1.
  • the upper end surface of the burner body 7 a may be positioned on the same plane as the upper end surface of the apparatus body 1, or may be positioned slightly above the upper end surface of the apparatus body 1.
  • the lower end portion of the burner body 7 a is supported on the bottom wall of the apparatus body 1 via a support tube 8.
  • the support tube 8 not only fixes the burner body 7 a to the apparatus body 1, but also functions as a gas tube that supplies gas to the gas burner 7.
  • the nozzle hole 7b is formed in the center of the lower end part of the burner main body 7a.
  • the nozzle hole 7 b communicates with the support tube 8. Therefore, when gas is supplied to the support tube 8, the gas is discharged upward from the nozzle hole 7b into the burner body 7a, and further discharged upward from the upper end opening of the burner body 7a.
  • the gas released upward from the burner body 7a is ignited by the combustion flame of the combustion gas that has floated from the water surface.
  • the gas burner 7 of this embodiment is configured to satisfy the following two conditions. These two conditions do not need to be satisfied at the same time, and may satisfy only one of them. Moreover, the conditions for making the height of the combustion flame by the gas burner 7 higher than the height of the combustion flame by the gas floating from the water surface are not limited to such two conditions.
  • the first condition is that when the gas flow rate per unit area of the gas released from the upper end opening of the burner body 7a is the same as the gas flow rate per unit area of the gas floating from the water surface, the burner body The upper end of 7a is arranged above the water surface. In this way, the combustion flame of the gas released from the burner body 7a is higher than the combustion flame of the gas that has floated on the water surface by the amount that the upper end of the burner body 7a is located above the water surface. As long as the height of the combustion flame of the gas burner 7 is higher than the combustion flame of the gas floating on the water surface, the amount of gas per unit area released from the burner body 7a is the flow rate of gas per unit area of the gas floating from the water surface. It may be slightly less.
  • the second condition is to increase the gas flow rate per unit area of the gas released from the upper end of the burner body 7a, and to increase the gas flow rate per unit area of the gas floating from the water surface.
  • One way is to change the concentration of the gas.
  • the inner diameter of the nozzle hole 7b is set larger than the inner diameter of the discharge hole formed in the gas discharge pipe 4, and the concentration of the gas discharged from the upper end opening of the burner body 7a is on the water surface. It is comprised so that it may become deeper than the concentration of the gas which floated.
  • Another method is to make the flow rate of the gas released from the burner body 7a faster than the upward flow rate of the gas floating from the water surface.
  • a plurality of air intakes 7c penetrating the peripheral wall of the burner body 7a are formed at the lower end of the burner body 7a.
  • the air intake 7c is disposed below the upper end of the nozzle hole 7b.
  • the air intake 7c may be disposed at a position equivalent to the upper end of the nozzle hole 7b, or may be disposed slightly above the nozzle hole 7b.
  • Gas is supplied to the gas discharge pipe 4 and the gas burner 7 as follows. That is, the header 9 is provided at the base end portion of the lower surface of the apparatus main body 1.
  • the header 9 is connected to a control unit CU via a pipe 10, and the control unit CU is connected to a gas supply device G.
  • the control unit CU is controlled by the controller C. That is, when a combustion button (not shown) of the controller C is operated, the control unit CU is opened, and the combustion gas of the gas supply device G is supplied to the header 9 via the control unit CU and the pipe 10.
  • the header 9 is connected to one end of the support pipe 6a of the pipe 6. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the intermediate portion of the support tube portion 6 a is supported in a penetrating state on the side wall on the proximal end side of the apparatus main body 1.
  • An intermediate part of the three-way branch pipe 6b is connected to the inside of the apparatus main body 1 of the support pipe part 6a, that is, the tip part that enters the inside of the housing part 1a.
  • a gas passage (not shown) extending in the vertical direction is provided inside the three-way branch pipe 6b.
  • a support pipe portion 6a is connected to an intermediate portion in the vertical direction of the gas passage.
  • the upper end portion of the gas passage communicates with an ignition port (not shown) formed at the upper end portion of the three-way branch pipe 6b.
  • the ignition port is disposed above the water surface.
  • the base end of the gas discharge pipe 4 is connected to the lower end of the gas passage of the three-way branch pipe 6b through an elbow 6c. Therefore, when the combustion gas is supplied to the header 9, a part of the combustion gas is released upward from the ignition port and a part of the combustion gas is released from the gas release pipe 4 into the water.
  • the header 9 is connected to each end portion of the same number of communication pipes 11 as the gas burners 7.
  • Each other end of the communication tube 11 is connected to each lower end of the support tube 8. Therefore, when the combustion gas is supplied to the header 9, a part of the combustion gas is supplied to each gas burner 7 through the communication pipe 11 and the support pipe 8.
  • protective wall portions 1 c and 1 c extending along the longitudinal direction of the apparatus main body 1 are respectively provided at both ends in the short direction of the lower surface of the apparatus main body 1. .
  • the protective wall portions 1 c and 1 c are arranged such that the header 9 and the communication pipe 11 are located between them. Thereby, the header 9 and the communication pipe 11 are protected. It is desirable to provide protective wall portions between the distal end portions and the proximal end portions of the protective wall portions 1c and 1c, respectively.
  • an ignition unit 12 is provided at the base end of the apparatus main body 1.
  • the ignition unit 12 has a cover 12a.
  • the cover 12a is provided at the base end portion of the apparatus main body 1, and one end portion (left end portion in FIG. 1) is arranged so as to cover the base end portion of the apparatus main body 1 from above.
  • One end portion of the cover 12a is opened downward, and communicates with the base end portion of the housing portion 1a through the open portion. Therefore, when gas is released from the gas release pipe 4 into the water, a part of the gas enters into one end of the cover 12a.
  • the one end part of the cover 12a is facing the ignition port up and down.
  • a spark plug 12b is provided in one end of the cover 12a.
  • the spark plug 12b is connected to the control unit CU via an igniter 12d.
  • an ignition current is intermittently supplied from the control unit CU to the spark plug 12b for a certain time (for example, 10 seconds). Then, a spark discharge occurs between the pair of electrodes 12c and 12c (see FIG. 3) of the spark plug 12b.
  • the electrodes 12c and 12c of the spark plug 12b are disposed almost directly above the ignition port. Accordingly, when the combustion button of the controller C is operated, a part of the combustion gas is released upward from the ignition port, and at the same time, when a current is supplied to the ignition plug 12b, the combustion gas released upward from the ignition port becomes the electrode. It is ignited by a spark discharge between 12c and 12c and continues to burn as a seed.
  • the ignition means is constituted by the ignition unit 12 and the ignition port of the three-way branch pipe 6b.
  • a part of the combustion gas supplied to the header 9 is supplied to the gas discharge pipe 4 through the pipe 6.
  • the combustion gas supplied to the gas release pipe 4 is released from the gas release pipe 4 into the water, floats in the water, and exits upward from the water surface. Combustion gas that has floated upward from the water surface is ignited by the seed fire and burns.
  • the remaining part of the combustion gas supplied to the header 9 is supplied to the gas burner 7 through the communication pipe 11.
  • the combustion gas supplied to the gas burner 7 is discharged upward from the burner body 7a.
  • This combustion gas is ignited by the combustion flame of the combustion gas that has floated from the water surface.
  • the combustion flame of the combustion gas that has floated from the water surface is used as the second ignition means for igniting the combustion gas released from the gas burner 7.
  • the controller C is provided with an adjustment switch, and by adjusting the adjustment switch, the amount of combustion gas supplied to the header 9 can be increased or decreased, thereby adjusting the amount and height of the combustion flame. Can be done.
  • the combustion gas combustion is controlled variously by the controller C, but the control content and method are not important in the present invention, and may be the same as known ones, so the description thereof is omitted. .
  • the combustion button of the controller C when the combustion button of the controller C is operated, the combustion gas is supplied to the header 9. A part of the combustion gas supplied to the header 9 is discharged upward from the ignition port. At the same time, a spark discharge is generated between the electrodes 12c and 12c of the spark plug 12b. By this spark discharge, the combustion gas discharged from the ignition port is ignited and continues to burn as a seed fire.
  • a part of the combustion gas supplied to the header 9 is discharged into the water from the gas discharge pipe 4. This combustion gas rises in the water and exits upward from the water surface. Then, it is ignited by the seed fire and continues to burn as a combustion flame.
  • the height of this combustion flame is substantially constant at each part in the horizontal direction.
  • the remainder of the combustion gas supplied to the header 9 is supplied to the gas burner 7 through the communication pipe 11.
  • the combustion gas supplied to the gas burner 7 is discharged upward from the upper end opening of the burner body 7a. Then, it is ignited and burned by the combustion flame of the combustion gas rising from the water surface.
  • the height of the combustion flame rising from the gas burner 7 from the water surface is higher than the height of the combustion flame rising from the water surface. Therefore, in the whole accommodating part 1a, the height of the combustion flame rising from the accommodating part 1a becomes a different height in each part of a horizontal direction. Therefore, those who experience digestion can perform digestion work in a state close to an actual fire, and can have a more meaningful fire extinguishing experience.
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the gas discharge pipe 4 is provided with a plurality of branch pipes 4a. All the branch pipes 4a extend from the gas discharge pipe 4 in a direction orthogonal thereto. A part of all the branch pipes 4a extends from the gas discharge pipe 4 toward one side (upper side in FIG. 6).
  • the one branch pipe 4 a is arranged so as to be alternately positioned in the longitudinal direction of the gas discharge pipe 4 with respect to the gas burner 7 arranged on the same side.
  • the remaining branch pipe 4a extends from the gas discharge pipe 4 toward the other side (lower side in FIG. 6).
  • the remaining branch pipes 4 a are arranged so as to be alternately positioned in the longitudinal direction of the gas discharge pipe 4 with respect to the gas burner 7 arranged on the same side as the branch pipe 4 a.
  • FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • a gas discharge pipe 4A is used instead of the gas discharge pipe 4.
  • the gas discharge pipe 4A extends in an annular shape along the inner surface of the side wall portion of the apparatus main body 1, and is arranged so that all the gas burners 7 enter the interior defined by the gas discharge pipe 4A.
  • the gas discharge pipe 4 of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 or the gas discharge pipe 4 and the branch pipe 4a shown in FIG. 6 may be combined.
  • the combustion gas is supplied to the ignition port, the gas discharge pipe 4 and the gas burner 7 by one fuel supply source including the gas supply device G and the control unit CU.
  • the control unit CU may be provided with two pipes instead of the pipe 10, one pipe connected to the ignition port and the gas discharge pipe 4, and the other pipe connected to the gas burner 7.
  • a portion of the gas supply device G and the control unit CU that supplies the combustion gas to the pipe connected to the gas discharge pipe 4 serves as a combustion gas supply source to the gas discharge pipe 4.
  • the portion that supplies the combustion gas to the pipe connected to the gas burner 7 becomes the combustion gas supply source to the gas burner 7.
  • the combustion flame of the combustion gas that has floated on the water surface is used as an ignition means (second ignition means) for igniting the combustion gas released from the gas burner 7.
  • An ignition means such as a spark plug 12b may be provided in the gas burner 7 or in the apparatus main body 1 in the vicinity thereof as an ignition means for igniting the combustion gas released from the gas.
  • Three combustion modes are created: a mode in which only the combustion gas released from the gas burner 7 is burned, and a mode in which the combustion gas released from both the gas discharge pipe 4 and the gas burner 7 is burned simultaneously. be able to.
  • a Fire extinguishing training unit CU control unit (combustion gas supply source)
  • G Gas supply device (combustion gas supply source)

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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
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Abstract

Selon la présente invention, dans cet appareil d'entraînement de lutte contre l'incendie dans lequel un tuyau d'évacuation de gaz (4) est immergé dans de l'eau stockée dans une partie de stockage (1a) d'un corps de dispositif (1), et un gaz de combustion évacué dans l'eau de la conduite d'évacuation de gaz (4) et flottant au-dessus de la surface de l'eau, est brûlé, une pluralité de brûleurs à gaz (7) sont prévus dans la partie de stockage (1a). Chaque brûleur à gaz (7) est conçu de telle sorte que la hauteur de flamme de combustion s'élevant depuis le brûleur à gaz (7) est supérieure à la flamme de combustion de gaz de combustion flottant sur la surface de l'eau.
PCT/JP2014/077908 2014-10-21 2014-10-21 Appareil d'entraînement de lutte contre l'incendie WO2016063339A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2014/077908 WO2016063339A1 (fr) 2014-10-21 2014-10-21 Appareil d'entraînement de lutte contre l'incendie
CN201480002547.3A CN105992620B (zh) 2014-10-21 2014-10-21 消防训练装置
KR1020157007559A KR101776444B1 (ko) 2014-10-21 2014-10-21 소화 훈련 장치

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2014/077908 WO2016063339A1 (fr) 2014-10-21 2014-10-21 Appareil d'entraînement de lutte contre l'incendie

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WO2016063339A1 true WO2016063339A1 (fr) 2016-04-28

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GB2566821A (en) * 2017-08-25 2019-03-27 Draeger Safety Ag & Co Kgaa Fire trough for a burner for simulation flames in fire simulation systems, burner and fire simulation system
JP2020020942A (ja) * 2018-07-31 2020-02-06 株式会社ニチボウ 消火体験装置

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GB2566821A (en) * 2017-08-25 2019-03-27 Draeger Safety Ag & Co Kgaa Fire trough for a burner for simulation flames in fire simulation systems, burner and fire simulation system
GB2566821B (en) * 2017-08-25 2021-07-14 Draeger Safety Ag & Co Kgaa Fire trough for a burner for simulation flames in fire simulation systems, burner and fire simulation system
JP2020020942A (ja) * 2018-07-31 2020-02-06 株式会社ニチボウ 消火体験装置
JP7175463B2 (ja) 2018-07-31 2022-11-21 株式会社ニチボウ 消火体験装置

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CN105992620B (zh) 2019-12-31
KR20160059457A (ko) 2016-05-26

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