WO2016045422A1 - 颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置 - Google Patents

颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016045422A1
WO2016045422A1 PCT/CN2015/082430 CN2015082430W WO2016045422A1 WO 2016045422 A1 WO2016045422 A1 WO 2016045422A1 CN 2015082430 W CN2015082430 W CN 2015082430W WO 2016045422 A1 WO2016045422 A1 WO 2016045422A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flexible polishing
rice
polishing
flexible
hollow shaft
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/082430
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周颖
周和平
Original Assignee
湖南海联粮油科学技术有限公司
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Application filed by 湖南海联粮油科学技术有限公司 filed Critical 湖南海联粮油科学技术有限公司
Priority to MYPI2017700779A priority Critical patent/MY186671A/en
Priority to JP2017529124A priority patent/JP6538168B2/ja
Priority to US15/510,895 priority patent/US10639638B2/en
Publication of WO2016045422A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016045422A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02B—PREPARING GRAIN FOR MILLING; REFINING GRANULAR FRUIT TO COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS BY WORKING THE SURFACE
    • B02B3/00—Hulling; Husking; Decorticating; Polishing; Removing the awns; Degerming
    • B02B3/10—Hulling; Husking; Decorticating; Polishing; Removing the awns; Degerming by means of brushes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L7/10—Cereal-derived products
    • A23L7/197—Treatment of whole grains not provided for in groups A23L7/117 - A23L7/196
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02B—PREPARING GRAIN FOR MILLING; REFINING GRANULAR FRUIT TO COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS BY WORKING THE SURFACE
    • B02B5/00—Grain treatment not otherwise provided for
    • B02B5/02—Combined processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02B—PREPARING GRAIN FOR MILLING; REFINING GRANULAR FRUIT TO COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS BY WORKING THE SURFACE
    • B02B7/00—Auxiliary devices
    • B02B7/02—Feeding or discharging devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of grain processing, and particularly relates to a flexible polishing device for granular food.
  • granular foods usually need to be polished to different extents, and the polishing process is to use external force to throw off the surface of the granular food grains, tiny eggs and spikes (the irregular peaks can be seen by the microscope)
  • the grain-like grain surface is clean, or the surface peaks are flattened (or smoothed) into a smooth plane (mirror).
  • the level of its products is mainly determined by the degree of polishing.
  • rice can be divided into high-precision rice (such as special grade rice, clean rice), low-precision rice (such as one meter, two meters), brown rice and brown rice.
  • the three meters described later usually have a moderate polishing process.
  • the polishing process of brown rice only needs to be polished to remove the surface powder and tiny eggs, which can ensure the original color of brown rice, as well as wheat, corn and soybeans (except potato). Therefore, the degree of polishing of granular grain has also met different requirements with the popularization of nutrition knowledge.
  • rice the high-precision rice originally sought after by consumers is becoming more and more unpopular, instead of brown rice and wool. Brown rice and low-precision rice, like earthy vegetables, have become the "toon" that consumers are eager to buy.
  • brown rice retains all rice bran and germ rice, has full-price nutrition and bright colors (such as black, red, purple, etc.), is very popular with specific people, and has high The product yield and high processing efficiency, but the rice bran and germ are rich in crude fiber, wax and furfural, which makes the brown rice taste bad and limits the sales of brown rice. This can prevent the brown rice mold from becoming worms, is conducive to storage, and improves the shelf life or shelf life of brown rice.
  • Brown rice refers to brown rice that has not been polished. Because of the unpolished surface of the rough rice, the powdery eggs and the tiny eggs, it looks very different, and it is very susceptible to insects and mildew. Although the price is low, it is not popular.
  • the surface of low-precision rice is less than 99% less than the surface of the brown rice.
  • the rice ditch has two-thirds less skin and has a better taste than brown rice.
  • the low-precision meter has higher rice bran than the high-precision rice, and contains a small amount of rice germ, which has higher nutritional value.
  • the low-precision rice has a lower processing precision and a higher precision meter, and has a higher yield and better processing efficiency.
  • the design of the polishing equipment should fully consider the poor shear resistance of granular food such as rice, but can withstand certain anti-squeezing force and large anti-friction characteristics.
  • the granular food should be completely protected from shearing force, the pressing force should be reduced as much as possible, and the friction force should be increased to reduce the generation of broken grains and increase the yield.
  • the polishing equipment is an axially advancing roller structure, such as a commonly used spiral propelling iron roller polishing machine, and its working principle is to push the granular food into a bundle by the auger to push the polishing roller and the tile.
  • a flexible polishing chamber composed of a sieve is polished.
  • the grain granules produce rigid extrusion, shearing and friction between the spiral propeller, iron roller, tile screen and grain particles, and the peak of the particle surface is flattened to the peak of the peak, and the grain surface can be processed.
  • Mirror effect (such as clean rice or bright rice).
  • the above method greatly reduces the yield, greatly increases the processing cost of brown rice, and appears that the polished brown rice is more expensive than the polishing low precision, such as the price of polished brown rice is more than 2 times higher than the polishing low precision rice.
  • the low-precision rice has a large amount of tantalum powder on the surface, which is easy to mold and mold, which is not conducive to storage, reduces the shelf life or shelf life, and requires a certain polishing treatment.
  • Chinese Patent Application No. 932378048 discloses a rice polishing machine which is provided with an axially connected brush chamber and a polishing chamber, respectively provided with a spiral
  • the propulsion head adopts the inclined ribs on the brush roller and the polishing belt on the polishing roller to help transport the rice grains, so that the rice granules are subjected to a small pressing force, and the claimed crushing is less than 1%, but it is still a spiral propulsion mode.
  • the processing of rice grains is still dependent on the steel extrusion method of the polishing roller, and there is still a clear problem of high broken rice rate and high energy consumption. Therefore, under the new market conditions, it is a subject to be explored by those skilled in the art to seek to solve the three technical problems of "skin skin", low yield and high energy consumption in the prior art polishing equipment.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a granular grain flexible polishing device which can properly polish the granular food, has the advantages of no skin injury, high yield, low energy consumption and the like in view of the problems existing in the prior art.
  • a granular grain flexible polishing apparatus comprising a casing, a feeding device, at least one flexible polishing unit, a drainage device, and a rice outlet, the flexible polishing unit comprising a radial gravity self-flowing flexible polishing chamber, the feeding The device, the flexible polishing chamber and the rice outlet are arranged in order from the top to the bottom in the direction of gravity.
  • the flexible polishing chamber is disposed inside the casing, the flexible polishing chamber is surrounded by a tile screen and a baffle, the flexible polishing chamber is centrally provided with a hollow shaft, and the hollow shaft is provided with a flexible polishing
  • the top and bottom of the flexible polishing chamber respectively form a feed opening and a discharge opening, the feed opening direction is arranged radially along the hollow shaft, the hollow shaft is provided with an air inlet and the flexible polishing
  • a plurality of blow holes are communicated in the chamber, and the hollow shaft is driven to rotate by a transmission.
  • the flexible polishing member is a polishing brush sleeved outside the hollow shaft
  • the polishing brush includes a brush base and a bristles
  • the brush base is fixedly sleeved on an outer circumference of the hollow shaft, and the bristles are disposed at
  • the brush base is provided with a plurality of communication holes corresponding to the hollow shaft.
  • the flexible polishing member is a polishing cloth strip that is sleeved outside the hollow shaft.
  • the feeding device comprises a storage hopper and a diffusion pipe, and the bottom of the diffusion pipe communicates with the uppermost flexible polishing chamber inlet of the flexible polishing unit to radially flow the rice from the hollow shaft into the flexible polishing chamber.
  • a discharge port of the flexible polishing chamber located at the bottom of the flexible polishing unit is in communication with the rice outlet, and the drainage device is disposed on one side of the wire mesh and passes through the mesh hole on the wire mesh
  • the polishing chamber is in communication; the drainage device includes a drainage air passage disposed inside the casing and a drainage opening disposed at a bottom of the drainage air passage.
  • the bristles are disposed at 360 degrees on the brush base.
  • the air inlet is disposed at both ends of the hollow shaft.
  • the granular grain flexible polishing apparatus comprises a plurality of flexible polishing units arranged in one or more columns in the direction of gravity, all flexible polishing units in the same column comprising more than one flexible polishing chamber, the one or more flexible The polishing chambers are in communication with each other in the direction of gravity.
  • the bottom portion of the dispersion tube is a branch pipe corresponding to the number of columns of the flexible polishing unit, and the flexible polishing unit at the top of each column has a feeding port and a flexible polishing chamber.
  • One of the tubes of the diffuser tube is in communication, and the lowermost flexible polishing chamber has a discharge port communicating with the rice outlet.
  • the transmission device includes a motor corresponding to the number of columns of the flexible polishing unit, a motor wheel disposed on the output shaft of the motor, a transmission wheel disposed on a hollow shaft of each of the flexible polishing units, and a strip drive belt, the motor is fixedly disposed on the base, and each of the motor wheels is connected between the transmission wheel and the upper and lower transmission wheels of the upper and lower sides thereof through a transmission belt.
  • the transmission device further includes one or more control devices respectively corresponding to controlling the rotation speed of each motor, the control device is a frequency converter or a servo controller, and the control device controls the rotation speed of the hollow shaft by controlling the rotation speed of the motor. It is 300 to 1500 rpm.
  • the invention discloses that the granular grain polishing device should completely avoid the principle that the grain particles are subjected to shearing force, minimize the pressing force thereof and increase the surface frictional force, and the granular grain flexible polishing device provided by the invention avoids The shearing effect of grain particles in the polishing chamber increases the flexible friction effect. While ensuring the surface of the grain on the cleaned grain particles and polishing the grain particles, the damage of the grain during the polishing process is greatly reduced, and the rice yield rate is improved. Reduced energy consumption. And, has the following advantages:
  • the radial gravity self-flowing flexible polishing unit and the rice outlet are arranged in order from the top to the bottom in the direction of gravity, and the grain particles such as rice are fed into the radial gravity self-flowing flexible polishing chamber of the flexible polishing unit by gravity only by the feeding device.
  • the feed port flows radially along the hollow shaft into the flexible polishing chamber, and between the screen and the baffle, it is in contact with the rotating flexible polishing member for radial polishing, through the flexible friction between the rice and the flexible polishing member, the grain particles and The semi-rigid friction of the tile screen and the rigid friction between the grain particles and the grain particles peel off the tantalum powder in the groove of the grain surface of the grain, and properly smooth the peak above the average height of the grain surface curve (not all the mill) To the root of the peak), the polished grain particles flow out of the rice outlet.
  • the grain particles are radially polished from top to bottom into a single-stage waterfall into the flexible polishing chamber and rotated by a flexible polishing member.
  • the force of the brush does not need to bear the shearing force during the polishing process, and the pressing force is also minimized.
  • the frictional force is increased by the flexible polishing part such as the polishing brush, so the grain particle surface only bears a slight pressing force and
  • the large friction force realizes the moderate processing of the grain granules, and the invention solves the problem that the prior art roller type polishing machine can not adjust the pressure level on the surface of the grain granules and suffers the skin injury during the rigid spiral propulsion process, and No broken rice is produced during the polishing process, and the rice yield is increased by 0.5-2% compared with the prior art.
  • the amount of powder is less and is eliminated in time. Since grain particles such as rice are not deeply ground during the polishing process, they are only subjected to moderate or slight grinding, and the amount of powder is less, and only 0.5% of the powder is produced. During the polishing process, the grain particles are fully flipped. Since the exhaust air duct is disposed inside the casing, the flexible polishing member is disposed on the hollow shaft, and the hollow shaft is provided with an air inlet and a plurality of communicating with the flexible polishing chamber.
  • the bottom of the exhaust air passage is in communication with the drain port; therefore, air enters from the air inlet of the hollow shaft, and then radially blows into the flexible polishing
  • the chamber passes through the grain granules, enters the drainage channel through the sieve hole on the tile screen, and is sucked by the fan to generate strong wind.
  • the product qualification rate is high.
  • the energy-saving effect is obvious, because the grain particles are unpowered from top to bottom into a single-stage waterfall into the flexible polishing chamber, there is no axial advancement feeding process during the polishing process, and only in the flexible polishing chamber Moderate or lightly flexible grinding, the required power unit power is small, usually only 7 ton requires only 15KW power unit (such as two 7.5KW motor) weight 2350KG, so The existing iron roller polishing machine equipped with a 75KW motor can save about 80% energy.
  • the equipment covers a small area. Compared with the prior art roller polishing machine, the floor space can be reduced by 50%.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a granular grain flexible polishing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of a granular grain flexible polishing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a granular grain flexible polishing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a granular grain flexible polishing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a granular grain flexible polishing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a rice processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a rice processing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • a granular grain flexible polishing apparatus 100 includes a casing 1, a feeding device 1, a transmission device, at least one flexible polishing unit, a drainage device, and a rice outlet 27,
  • the flexible polishing unit comprises a radial gravity self-flowing flexible polishing chamber 31 (hereinafter referred to as a flexible polishing chamber), and the feeding device 1, the flexible polishing chamber and the rice outlet 27 are arranged in order from the top to the bottom in the direction of gravity.
  • the radial gravity self-flow polishing chamber means that the polishing chamber is disposed along the gravity direction, and the grain grain enters the polishing chamber along the gravity direction and flows out of the polishing chamber along the gravity direction.
  • the granular grain flexible polishing apparatus provided in this embodiment is described by taking rice polishing as an example. It should be understood that the granular grain flexible polishing device provided by the embodiment is also applicable to the polishing of miscellaneous grains such as wheat, corn and soybean.
  • the feeding device 1 includes a storage hopper 11 and a diffusion pipe 15, and the top of the diffusion pipe 15 communicates with the bottom of the storage hopper 11.
  • the position where the hopper 11 is in contact with the diffuser tube 15 is formed as a feeding device 12 of the polishing device, and the feeding port 12 is provided with a screed inserting plate 13, and the screed inserting plate 13 is externally connected with a flow regulating rod 14 Adjusting the position of the flow regulating rod 14 enables the screed insert 13 to partially or completely block the polishing device feed port 12 to adjust the flow rate of the feed.
  • the drainage device includes a drainage channel 26 and a drainage port 28.
  • the flexible polishing chamber 31 is disposed inside the casing 1, and the flexible polishing chamber 31 is surrounded by a tile screen and a baffle 23, each of which
  • the flexible polishing unit includes a flexible polishing chamber 31, a hollow shaft 21, a polishing brush 19, a tile screen 22, and a baffle 23, and the top and bottom portions of the flexible polishing chamber 31 respectively form a feed port 18 and a discharge port 24, respectively.
  • the opening direction of the inlet port 18 is radially disposed along the hollow shaft 21, and the adjacent two flexible polishing chambers 31 communicate with each other.
  • the uppermost flexible polishing chamber 31 has a feed port communicating with the bottom of the diffusion tube 15, located at The lowermost flexible polishing chamber 31 has a discharge port communicating with the rice outlet 27, and the tile screen 22 is disposed on a side of the flexible polishing chamber 31 adjacent to the drainage channel 26, the baffle 23 Disposed on a side of the flexible polishing chamber 31 opposite to the tile screen 22, the polishing brush 19 is disposed on the hollow shaft 21, and the hollow shaft 21 is provided with an air inlet 211 and the flexible A plurality of blow holes 212 communicating with the polishing chamber 31.
  • the air inlet 211 is disposed at both ends of the hollow shaft 21, such that the negative pressure generated by the air blower externally connected to the discharge port 28 It is enough to pull strong wind from the two ends of the hollow shaft 21, which is beneficial to the rolling and draining of the rice.
  • the rice is fed into the flexible polishing chamber of the flexible polishing unit from the storage hopper of the feeding device through the diffusion tube from top to bottom into a single waterfall, and the polished rice flows out from the rice outlet.
  • the granular grain flexible polishing device of the embodiment has a feeding mode of radial gravity self-flowing, thereby avoiding the broken rice caused by the feeding of the conventional axial auger and saving energy.
  • the flexible polishing member is a polishing brush 19.
  • the flexible polishing member may also be a polishing cloth strip that is sleeved outside the hollow shaft.
  • the granular grain flexible polishing device comprises six flexible polishing units arranged in two rows in the direction of gravity, namely the flexible polishing units A, B, C, D in FIG. E, F, wherein the flexible polishing units A, B, C are arranged in a row in the direction of gravity, the flexible polishing units D, E, F are arranged in a row in the direction of gravity, and the flexible polishing chambers of the flexible polishing units A, B, C 31 are connected to each other in the direction of gravity.
  • the structures of the flexible polishing units B and C are the same as those of A, and the flexible polishing units D, E, and F are mirror-mounted with respect to the central axis of the casing 1 with respect to the flexible polishing units A, B, and C, respectively.
  • the bottom portion of the dispersing tube 15 is a branch corresponding to the number of rows of the flexible polishing unit, and the flexible polishing unit at the top of each column has a feeding port of the flexible polishing chamber and the diffusion tube.
  • One of the tubes is connected. That is, in the present embodiment, the bottom portion of the dispersion pipe 15 is forked into two branch pipes, that is, the dispersion pipe 15 has a zigzag shape.
  • the flexible polishing unit located at the top in each column i.e., the flexible polishing units A, D in Fig. 1 has its feed port of the flexible polishing chamber 31 in communication with one of the tubes of the diffusion tube 15.
  • the branching position in the dispersing tube 15 is provided with a separating plate 16 which is rotatable in the dispersing tube 15 to control the flow rate of the two streams flowing into the flexible polishing units A, D.
  • the exhaust air duct 26 is disposed inside the casing, and communicates with the flexible polishing chamber 31 through a mesh hole in the tile screen 22, and the bottom of the exhaust air passage 26 is The drain ports 28 are in communication.
  • the rice bran produced in the flexible polishing chamber 31 can be sent through the sieve hole in the screen 22
  • the exhaust duct 26 is exhausted and then discharged through a drain port 28 connected to the bottom of the exhaust duct 26.
  • the polishing brush 19 includes a brush base 20 and bristles 191, and the brush base 20 is solid.
  • the bristles 191 are disposed on the outer periphery of the hollow shaft 21, and the bristles 191 are disposed on the brush base 20.
  • the brush base 20 is provided with a plurality of communication holes (not shown), and the hollow shaft 21 is provided.
  • a plurality of blow holes 212 communicate with the flexible polishing chamber 31 via the plurality of communication holes.
  • the bristles 191 are disposed 360 degrees on the brush base 20.
  • the polishing effect of the polishing brush 19 on the rice is continuous, that is, the rice entering the flexible polishing chamber 31 at any time can be polished by the bristles 191 of the polishing brush.
  • the polishing brush 19 can be, for example, a nano brush, that is, the bristles are nano brush wires.
  • each of the flexible polishing units further includes a feed slot 17 and a discharge slot 25, and the flexible polishing chamber 31 located at the uppermost portion (ie, the flexible polishing chamber of the flexible polishing units A and D in FIG. 1) advances.
  • the spout 18 communicates with the bottom of the diffuser tube 15 via the feed trough 25, and the discharge port located at the lowermost flexible polishing chamber (ie, the flexible polishing chamber of the flexible polishing unit C, F in FIG. 1) through which the discharge port passes
  • the discharge chute is in communication with the rice outlet 27.
  • Two flexible polishing units adjacent to each other ie, flexible polishing chambers A and B, B and C, D and E, E and F), the discharge slot of the upper flexible polishing unit and the feed slot of the flexible polishing unit below Connected.
  • the bottom of the discharge port 28 is connected to a duct 30, and the bottom of the rice outlet 27 is connected to a slide tube 29.
  • the granular grain flexible polishing device further includes a base 2 fixedly disposed at the bottom of the casing 1, the transmission device includes a motor 3 corresponding to the number of columns of the flexible polishing unit, and is disposed at the motor output. a motor wheel 4 on the shaft, a transmission wheel 6 disposed on the hollow shaft of each of the flexible polishing units, and a plurality of transmission belts 5 fixedly disposed on the base 2, each of the motor wheels 4
  • the transmission belt 5 is connected between the transmission wheel 6 closest thereto and the two transmission wheels 6 adjacent to each other.
  • the transmission device is composed of two sub-transmission devices G, H, wherein the sub-transmission device G comprises a motor 3, a motor wheel 4 disposed on an output shaft of the motor 3, a transmission wheel 6 disposed on the hollow shaft 21 of the flexible polishing unit D, a transmission wheel 8 on the hollow shaft 21 on which the flexible polishing unit E is disposed, a transmission wheel 10 on the hollow shaft 21 on which the flexible polishing unit F is disposed, and the connection A transmission belt 5 between the motor wheel 4 and the transmission wheel 6, a transmission belt 7 connected between the transmission wheel 6 and the transmission wheel 8, and a transmission belt 9 connected between the transmission wheel 8 and the transmission wheel 10.
  • the sub-transmission device G comprises a motor 3, a motor wheel 4 disposed on an output shaft of the motor 3, a transmission wheel 6 disposed on the hollow shaft 21 of the flexible polishing unit D, a transmission wheel 8 on the hollow shaft 21 on which the flexible polishing unit E is disposed, a transmission wheel 10 on the hollow shaft 21 on which the flexible polishing unit F is disposed, and the
  • the rotation of the motor 3 drives the motor wheel 4 to rotate, and the motor wheel 4 transmits the rotation to the transmission wheel 6 through the belt drive, and the transmission wheel 6 transmits the rotation to the transmission wheel 8 through the belt transmission, and the transmission
  • the wheel 8 transmits the rotation to the transmission wheel 10 by means of a belt drive, whereby the rotation of the motor 3 can drive the rotation of the transmission wheels 6, 8, 10, thereby enabling the rotation of the hollow shaft 21 connected to the transmission wheels 6, 8, 10 .
  • the rice only needs to be slightly ground, it can only pass one or two of the flexible polishing units D, E, F. Which flexible polishing unit does not need to work, only the flexible polishing unit that does not need to work is needed.
  • the drive belt on the drive wheel on the hollow shaft on D can be removed.
  • the sub-transmission device H has the same transmission mode as the sub-transmission device G, and is mirror-mounted with respect to the sub-transmission device G in the central axis of the casing 1.
  • the granular grain polishing device of the above embodiment of the present invention can realize multi-purpose by controlling the rotation speed of the hollow shaft, and the polishing degree is increased as the rotation speed is increased, and the relatively high rotation speed is adapted to the high-precision rice and the like.
  • the grain processing of the grain, the relatively low rotation speed is adapted to the processing of the granular grain with low polishing degree of brown rice, miscellaneous grains, etc., after the polishing treatment, the grain granules of the grain are basically preserved intact, and the polishing treatment requirements are met.
  • the transmission package further includes one or more control devices respectively corresponding to controlling the rotation speeds of the respective motors, and the control device is a frequency converter or a servo controller, and the control device controls the rotation speed of the hollow shaft by controlling the rotation speed of the motor to: 300 to 1500 rpm.
  • the motor 3 is controlled by the frequency converter, so that the rotation speed of the polishing brush 19 can be adjusted within a certain range. Due to the setting of the frequency converter, the speed of the motor 3 can be adjusted, so that the above-mentioned granular food
  • the flexible polishing apparatus 100 can process different types of granular food.
  • the inverter parameters can be set to 20 ⁇ 30 Hz, the speed of the hollow shaft 21 can be controlled to 300-800 rpm; such as processing one meter and two meters (class grade according to national standards), inverter parameters Can be set to 30 ⁇ 40 Hz; the speed of the hollow shaft 21 can be controlled to 800-1100rpm; such as processing clean rice (grade meters according to national standards), the inverter parameters can be set to 40 ⁇ 50 Hz, can be hollow
  • the rotational speed of the shaft 21 is controlled to be 1100-1500 rpm.
  • the working process of the granular grain flexible polishing device of the above embodiment of the present invention is as follows (take rice polishing as an example):
  • the rice to be polished passes through the storage hopper 11 and flows to the polishing machine feed port 12, and is restricted at the screed inserting plate 13 (the flow rate is defined by the flow regulating rod 14). After being diffused into a flat shape through the diffusion pipe 15, the material is divided. The plate 16 is split into two streams. One of the rice streams enters the feed tank 17 of the flexible polishing unit A, and then flows into the feed port 18 of the flexible polishing unit A; the other rice stream enters the flexible polishing unit D. The feed chute is then flowed into the feed port of the flexible polishing unit D.
  • the rice to be polished entering the feed port 18 of the flexible polishing unit A enters the flexible polishing chamber A after the radial entry and the high speed rotation of the polishing brush 19, the rice and the rice
  • the polishing brush 19 is in full contact and is tumbling under the combined force of the flexible pressing force and the centrifugal force generated by the polishing brush 19, and the friction between the rice, the rice and the polishing brush 19, and the rice and the tile 22 is adhered.
  • the eggs, rice bran, and aleurone layer on the surface of the rice were peeled off; as the above-mentioned comprehensive mechanical action continued, the uneven layer of the rice surface (the peak of the average value of the surface unevenness curve) was smoothed.
  • polishing powders These eggs, rice bran and aleurone layers (collectively referred to as polishing powders) and small broken rice smaller than the sieve aperture (1 to 1.2*10 mm) are mixed with the air blown from the hollow shaft 21, and are immediately combined with the device.
  • the strong suction of the associated blower passes through the screen screen 22, enters the exhaust duct 26, and enters the external duct 30 via the drain port 28.
  • the preliminary polished rice enters the discharge trough 25 of the flexible polishing unit A through the discharge port 24 of the flexible polishing unit A, and then enters the flexible polishing unit B below, and is polished again by the flexible polishing unit B, and then enters the flexible polishing unit.
  • C performs a third polishing. After three times of polishing, the rice completely meets the quality requirements, enters the rice outlet 27, and is discharged through the slide tube 29.
  • the working of the flexible polishing unit B, C, D, E, F is the same as that of the flexible polishing unit A. After the two streams of rice are polished, they meet at the rice outlet.
  • the granular grain flexible polishing device of the embodiment has two rows of a total of six flexible polishing units, which are suitable for large-yield white rice polishing.
  • the invention is designed according to the principle that the rice polishing device should completely avoid the shearing force of the rice, minimize the pressing force thereof and increase the surface friction force, and the granular grain flexible polishing device provided by the invention avoids the polishing of the rice.
  • the shearing effect in the room increases the flexible friction effect. While ensuring the cleaning of the rice bran and polishing the rice, the damage to the rice during the polishing process is greatly reduced, the rice yield is increased, and the energy consumption is reduced. And, has the following advantages:
  • the feeding device the radial gravity self-flowing flexible polishing unit and the rice outlet are arranged in order from the top to the bottom in the direction of gravity, the rice is fed into the flexible polishing chamber of the flexible polishing unit by gravity only by the feeding device, that is, through the feeding port.
  • the rice is a matt color (commonly known as "matt meter"), and the polished rice flows out of the rice.
  • the rice is radially polished by a flexible polishing member which is rotated into a flexible polishing chamber from top to bottom into a single waterfall.
  • the feeding mode of rice flowing from the radial gravity into the flexible polishing chamber so that the rice does not need to bear the axial thrust in the flexible polishing chamber, only a slight axial flow generated by its own gravity, so in the process of rice top-down, only The force of the self-gravity and the rotating polishing brush does not need to bear the shearing force during the polishing process, and the pressing force is also minimized.
  • the frictional force is increased by the flexible polishing part such as the polishing brush, so the rice surface is only slightly squeezed.
  • the pressure and the large friction force realize the moderate processing of the rice, and the invention solves the problem that the prior art roller polishing machine can not adjust the pressure level of the surface of the rice grain and the skin is damaged during the rigid screw propulsion process.
  • no broken rice is produced during the polishing process, and the rice yield is increased by 0.5-2% compared with the prior art.
  • the amount of powder is less, the polishing is uniform, and the product qualification rate is high. Since the rice is not deeply ground during the polishing process, it is only subjected to moderate or light grinding, and the amount of powder is less, and only 0.5% or less of the tantalum powder is produced. During the polishing process, the rice is fully flipped. Since the exhaust air duct is disposed inside the casing, the flexible polishing member is disposed on the hollow shaft, and the hollow shaft is provided with an air inlet and a plurality of air blowers communicating with the flexible polishing chamber.
  • the energy-saving effect is obvious. Because the rice is unpowered, it enters the flexible polishing chamber from top to bottom in a single waterfall. There is no axial advancement feeding process during the polishing process, and only moderate or mild in the flexible polishing chamber. For flexible grinding, the required power unit has a small power. Usually, only 7 ton of power equipment (such as two 7.5 kW motors) can be used for 7 tons, and the machine weighs 2350KG, so that it is compared with the existing equipment. The iron roller polishing machine with 75KW motor can save about 80% energy.
  • the equipment has a small footprint and low cost. Compared with the prior art roller polishing machine, the floor space can be reduced 50% area. Since the present invention eliminates the need to provide a pusher roller, the number of transmission components and consumables are greatly reduced. Reduced equipment manufacturing costs.
  • the granular grain flexible polishing device of the above embodiment of the present invention can greatly improve the rice yield, and can increase the yield by 0.5% to 2% compared with the conventional iron bar polishing machine. That is, for every 10,000 tons of rice processed, 50 to 200 tons of rice will be produced. The whole country processes 200 million tons of rice per year. For example, 1% of the enterprises adopt the granular grain flexible polishing device of the above embodiment of the present invention, which can increase the production of rice by 10,000 to 40,000 tons.
  • the granular grain flexible polishing device of the above embodiment of the present invention can save more than 80% energy compared with the conventional iron roller polishing machine (for example, the polishing device used in the 150-ton rice production line of Nissan, the above embodiment of the present invention only needs to be equipped with two 7.5Kw Motor; commonly used iron bar polishing machine with a 75Kw motor).
  • the conventional iron roller polishing machine for example, the polishing device used in the 150-ton rice production line of Nissan, the above embodiment of the present invention only needs to be equipped with two 7.5Kw Motor; commonly used iron bar polishing machine with a 75Kw motor.
  • Each processing of 10,000 tons of rice can save 86,400 kWh; the whole country processes 200 million tons of rice per year.
  • 1% of enterprises adopt the granular grain flexible polishing device of the above embodiment of the present invention, which can save 172.8 million kWh.
  • the granular grain flexible polishing device of the above embodiment of the present invention can increase the profit by 10 to 400,000 yuan per 10,000 tons of rice compared with the conventional iron bar polishing machine, and reduce the motor power to save electricity costs by 4.8.
  • Ten thousand yuan a total increase of 16.8 to 448,000 yuan.
  • the whole country processes 200 million tons of rice per year.
  • 1% of the enterprises adopt the granular grain flexible polishing device of the above embodiment of the present invention, which can increase the profit by 200-800 million yuan due to the increase of the production rate, and save 86.4 million yuan for the energy saving by energy saving.
  • the increase in revenue and expenditure was 2.864 to 886.4 million yuan.
  • the economic benefits are significant.
  • the number and arrangement of the flexible polishing units and the rotational speed of the motor can be adjusted according to different rice to be polished (such as white rice or brown rice), different yields, different meter quality requirements (such as deep polishing or slight polishing).
  • a granular grain flexible polishing apparatus is different from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in that, in this embodiment, only one row of flexible polishing units is disposed in the direction of gravity, that is, Flexible polishing units A, B, C arranged from top to bottom.
  • the transmission device only includes the sub-transmission device G or H.
  • the granular grain flexible polishing device of the present embodiment is suitable for small-yield white rice polishing.
  • a granular grain flexible polishing apparatus is different from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in that, in this embodiment, two rows of flexible polishing units are disposed in the direction of gravity, but each There are only two flexible polishing units arranged in a row from top to bottom, that is, one of the columns is from the top.
  • the lower row is provided with flexible polishing units A, C, and the other row is provided with flexible polishing units D, F from top to bottom.
  • the granular grain flexible polishing device of the present embodiment is suitable for large-yield brown rice polishing.
  • a granular grain flexible polishing apparatus is different from the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 in that, in this embodiment, only one row of flexible polishing units is disposed in the direction of gravity, and There are only two flexible polishing units on each column, namely flexible polishing units A, C arranged from top to bottom.
  • the granular grain flexible polishing device of the present embodiment is suitable for small-yield brown rice polishing.
  • each column of flexible polishing units includes more than four flexible polishing units.
  • each column of flexible polishing units comprising more than one flexible polishing unit.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a rice processing apparatus, comprising the above-mentioned granular grain flexible polishing device 100, a first pipe 40, a ⁇ separator 50, a first collecting hopper 60, The vibrating rice sieve 70, the second pipe 80, the Shakron 90, the diverter 110, the first airlock 101, the third duct 120, the blower 130, the fourth duct 140, the rice bran duster 150, and the second collecting bucket 160 And a second air locker 170, one end of the first duct 40 is connected to the rice outlet 27 of the granular grain flexible polishing device, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the crucible separator 50, the first collecting bucket 60 Provided below the crucible separator 50, the vibrating mesh screen 70 is disposed below the first collecting bucket 60, and one end of the second duct 80 is connected to the outlet of the crucible separator 50.
  • the other end is connected to the Shakron 90, the diverter 110 is disposed at the top of the Shakron 90, and the first air locker 101 is disposed at the bottom of the Shakron 90, the third conduit One end of 120 is connected to the steering gear 110, and the other end is connected to the blower 130, the fourth tube One end of the duct 140 is connected to the blower 130, and the other end is connected to the rice dust collector 150.
  • the top of the rice dust collector 150 is provided with a rice dust collector outlet 180, and the second collecting bucket 160 is disposed on the rice dust collector.
  • the second air locker 170 is disposed at the bottom of the second collection hopper 160.
  • the polished rice After the polished rice is polished by the granular grain flexible polishing device 100, it flows out from the rice outlet 27.
  • the polishing powder generated by the polishing process enters the first pipe 40 through the discharge port 28 through the negative pressure airflow generated by the blower 130, and then enters the helium separator 50 for separation, and the separated rice bran flows into the vibrating rice bran through the first collecting bucket 60.
  • the sieve 70 is divided into broken rice of 1 mm or more and broken rice of 1 mm or less after being shake-filtered, and packaged for use.
  • the polishing powder after separating the rice bran enters the Shakron 90 through the second pipe 80, and after being separated by the Shakron 90, most of the polishing powder is discharged through the first airlock 101; very few polishing powders are from Shaq.
  • the diverter 110 at the top of the dragon 90 enters the third pipe 120 with the airflow; and then enters the rice dust collector 150 through the air blower 130 and the fourth pipe 140; the remaining polishing powder is spirally separated and gravity settled by the rice bran duster 150, and then dropped into the collecting bucket 160.
  • the material is discharged through the second air locker 170; the clean air flow is discharged from the rice dust collector outlet 180.
  • another embodiment of the present invention further provides a rice processing device, which is different from the first embodiment in that, in the embodiment, the ⁇ separator 50 and the first collecting hopper 60 are eliminated.
  • the rice sieve 70 and the second pipe 80 are vibrated.
  • the first pipe 40 is directly connected to the Shakron 90.
  • the rice processing apparatus of this embodiment does not perform ruthenium separation.

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Abstract

一种颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置，它包括机壳（1）、进料装置、至少一个柔性抛光单元、排糠装置、出米口（27），所述柔性抛光单元包括径向重力自流式柔性抛光室（31），所述进料装置、柔性抛光室（31）及出米口（27）沿重力方向由上至下依次排布。所述颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置避免了颗粒粮食在抛光室内的剪切效应，增大了柔性摩擦效应，在保证刷净米糠、抛光大米的同时，大大减少了抛光过程对米的伤害，提高了出米率，降低了能耗。

Description

颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置
本申请要求于2014年09月23日提交中国专利局、申请号为201410489141.4、发明名称为“颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明属于粮食加工技术领域，具体涉及一种颗粒类粮食的柔性抛光装置。
背景技术
各种颗粒类粮食通常需要进行程度不同抛光处理，所述抛光加工是采用外力抛去颗粒类粮食表面糠粉、微小虫卵和尖峰(用显微镜可看到不规则的似山峰的曲线)，使颗粒类粮食表面干净，或表面尖峰削平(或磨平)成光滑的平面(镜面)。其产品的级别主要决定于抛光程度，例如，大米按抛光程度可分为高精度大米(如特级米、精洁米)、低精度大米(如标一米、标二米)、毛糙米和糙米等级别，后述三种米通常只要进行适度的抛光加工。例如糙米的抛光加工，只需抛光处理掉表面糠粉、微小虫卵，保证糙米原有色泽即可，小麦、玉米及大豆等杂粮也是如此(薯类除外)。因此，颗粒类粮食抛光处理的程度也随着营养学知识的普及而出现了不同的要求，就大米类而言，原来受消费者追捧的高精度大米越来越不受欢迎，反之糙米、毛糙米和低精度大米，像土菜一样成了消费者爭相购买的“香饽饽”。而这三种米各有如下优缺点：糙米保留了全部米糠皮和胚芽的大米，具有全价营养和鲜艳的颜色(如黑色、红色、紫色等)，很受特定人群的欢迎，且具有高出品率，高加工效益，但米糠皮和胚芽富含粗纤维、糠蜡和糠醛，致使糙米口感不好，限制了糙米的销售量。这样可以避免糙米霉变起虫，有利于保管，提高糙米保质期或货架期。毛糙米是指未进行抛光的糙米，由于毛糙米未抛光表面糠粉、微小虫卵，看相差，极易生虫霉变，尽管价低，也不受欢迎。低精度米比糙米的表面留皮少了百分之九十九， 米沟留皮少了三分之二，较糙米而言具有更好的口感。低精度米比高精度米含有更多的米糠皮，且含有少量的米胚芽，营养价值更高。而且低精度米因加工精度低而较高精度米具有更高的出品率，更好的加工效益。
为满足上述颗粒类粮食的适度抛光要求，抛光设备的设计应充分考虑到大米等颗粒类粮食的抗剪切力差，但能承受一定的抗挤压力和较大的抗摩擦力的特点，在抛光过程中应完全避免颗粒类粮食承受剪切力，尽量减少其挤压力，增大其磨擦力，以减少碎粮的产生，提高出品率。
而现有技术中抛光设备均为轴向推进的辊式结构，如常用的螺旋推进铁辊抛光机，其工作原理是靠螺旋推进器将颗粒类粮食成束状翻滾推入由抛光辊和瓦筛构成的柔性抛光室，进行抛光处理。粮食颗粒在推进及抛光过程中，螺旋推进器、铁辊、瓦筛及粮食颗粒之间产生刚性挤压、剪切及磨擦作用，强力将颗粒表面的尖峰削平至尖峰根部，可将粮食表面加工达镜面效果(如精洁米或光亮米)。可见现有技术中的上述辊式抛光加工机能满足抛光程度要求高的高精度米的抛光要求。但采用该设备生产糙米，低精度米时，由于其在抛光过程中应无法完全避免粮食颗粒承受剪切力，也不能尽量减少挤压力、增大磨擦力，会严重伤害糙米的表皮(俗称“伤皮”)，约50％的糙米变成了“花米”，无法保持糙米原有的特定颜色。受到抛光设备的限制，为了保证糙米表面质量，有的厂家不得不采用螺旋推进辊式抛光机强行对糙米强行抛光，再通过色选机将抛光过程大量产生的“花米”剔除。上述做法大大降低了成品率，使糙米加工成本大大增加，出现了抛光糙米比抛光低精度米贵的怪事，如抛光糙米价格比抛光低精度米贵2倍以上。而低精度米因表面含有大量糠粉，极易发毛霉变，不利于保管，降低了保质期或货架期，也需进行一定的抛光处理。如前所述，其也只能采用螺旋推进辊式抛光机加工，因此在抛光过程中，不但除去了表面糠粉，也不可避免地抛去了部分胚乳，出品率和营养价值大大降低。在挤压力、剪切力和磨擦力的综合作用下，这一抛光过程会产生约0.5～1％左右的糠粉(糠粉靠强拉风拉走)、1％～2％的碎米。
另一方面，由于现有技术中的螺旋推进辊式抛光机工作过程中产生很大的挤压力、剪切力和磨擦力，需配置动力较大，能耗太高。如时产6.5吨 的螺旋推进辊式抛光机通常需要配备一台75KW的电机，抛光电耗达11Kwh/t。
本领域技术人员曾针对碎米率高的问题进行改进，如申请号为932378048的中国专利申请公开了一种大米抛光机，其设置有轴向连接的刷米室和抛光室，分别设置有螺旋推进头，采用刷米辊上的斜筋、抛光辊上的抛光带帮助输送米粒，使米粒受到的挤压力小，其声称的增碎为低于1％，但其仍为螺旋推进方式，对米粒的加工仍是依靠抛光辊的钢性挤压方式，仍然明显存在碎米率高、能耗高的问题。因此，在新的市场条件下，寻求解决现有技术抛光设备存在的“伤皮”、出品率低、能耗高的三大技术问题，是本领域技术人员有待摸索的课题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术中存在的问题，提供一种可对颗粒类粮食的适度抛光加工，具有不伤皮、出品率高、能耗低等优点的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置。
本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案如下：
提供一种颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置，包括机壳、进料装置、至少一个柔性抛光单元、排糠装置以及出米口，所述柔性抛光单元包括径向重力自流式柔性抛光室，所述进料装置、柔性抛光室及出米口沿重力方向由上至下依次排布。
进一步地，所述柔性抛光室设置在所述机壳内部，所述柔性抛光室由瓦筛与挡板围成，所述柔性抛光室中心设置有空心轴，所述空心轴上设置有柔性抛光件，所述柔性抛光室的顶部与底部分别形成进料口及出料口，所述进料口开口方向沿空心轴径向设置，所述空心轴上设置有进风口以及与所述柔性抛光室连通的多个吹风孔，所述空心轴由传动装置驱动旋转。
进一步地，所述柔性抛光件为套设于空心轴外的抛光刷，所述抛光刷包括刷基和刷毛，所述刷基固定套设在所述空心轴的外周上，所述刷毛设置在所述刷基上，所述刷基对应于所述空心轴设置有多个连通孔。
进一步地，所述柔性抛光件为套设于空心轴外的抛光布条。
进一步地，所述进料装置包括储料斗及扩散管，所述扩散管底部与所述柔性抛光单元中位于最上方的柔性抛光室进料口连通以使大米自空心轴径向流入柔性抛光室，所述柔性抛光单元中位于最下方的柔性抛光室的出料口与所述出米口连通，所述排糠装置设置在所述瓦筛一侧并通过所述瓦筛上的筛孔与所述抛光室连通；所述排糠装置包括设置在所述机壳内部的排糠风道及设置在排糠风道底部的排糠口。
进一步地，所述刷毛在所述刷基上呈360度设置。
进一步地，所述进风口设置在所述空心轴的两端。
进一步地，所述颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置包括在重力方向上排成一列或多列的多个柔性抛光单元，处于同一列的所有柔性抛光单元包括一个以上的柔性抛光室，所述一个以上的柔性抛光室在重力方向上相互连通，所述分散管的底部分叉为与柔性抛光单元的列数对应数量的支管，每一列中位于最上方的柔性抛光单元其柔性抛光室的进料口与所述扩散管的其中一支管连通，位于最下方的柔性抛光室其出料口与所述出米口连通。
进一步地，所述传动装置包括与柔性抛光单元的列数对应数量的电机、设置在所述电机输出轴上的电机轮、设置在每一所述柔性抛光单元的空心轴上的传动轮及多条传动带，所述电机固定设置在所述底座上，每一所述电机轮与其上方最近的一个传动轮之间以及上下相邻的两个传动轮之间均通过传动带连接。
进一步地，所述传动装置还包括分别对应控制各个电机转速的一个或多个控制装置，所述控制装置为变频器或伺服控制器，所述控制装置通过控制电机转速而将空心轴的转速控制为300～1500rpm。
本发明根据颗粒类粮食抛光装置应完全避免粮食颗粒承受剪切力、尽量减少其所受挤压力及增大其表面磨擦力的原则进行设计，本发明提供的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置，避免了粮食颗粒在抛光室内的剪切效应，增大了柔性摩擦效应，在保证刷净粮食颗粒表面糠粉、抛光粮食颗粒的同时，大大减少了抛光过程对粮食颗粒的伤害，提高了出米率，降低了能耗。并且，具有以下优点：
1、实现了颗粒粮食的适度加工，不伤皮，提高了出米率。由于进料装 置、径向重力自流式柔性抛光单元及出米口沿重力方向由上至下依次排布，大米等粮食颗粒由进料装置仅靠重力进入柔性抛光单元的径向重力自流式柔性抛光室，即经进料口沿空心轴径向流入柔性抛光室，在瓦筛和挡板间，与旋转的柔性抛光件接触进行径向抛光，通过大米与柔性抛光件之间的柔性磨擦，粮食颗粒与瓦筛的半刚性摩擦以及粮食颗粒与粮食颗粒之间的刚性摩擦，将粮食颗粒表面曲线凹槽内的糠粉剝离，将高于粮食颗粒表面曲线平均高度的尖峰适当磨平(不是全部磨至尖峰根部)，抛光后的粮食颗粒由出米口流出。与现有的螺旋推进式的辊式抛光机对比，由于本发明无需设置推进辊，使粮食颗粒以自上而下成呈单粒瀑布状进入柔性抛光室被旋转的柔性抛光件进行径向抛光，这种粮食颗粒从径向重力流动进入柔性抛光室的进料方式，使粮食颗粒在柔性抛光室内无需承受轴向推力，因此在粮食颗粒自上而下过程中，仅受到自身重力和旋转抛光刷的作用力，在抛光过程中无需承受剪切力，也尽量减少了挤压力，同时，通过抛光刷等柔性抛光部件增大磨擦力，所以粮食颗粒表面仅承受轻微的挤压力和较大摩擦力，实现了粮食颗粒的适度加工，本发明解决了现有技术的辊式抛光机在刚性的螺旋推进过程中，根本无法调节粮食颗粒表面承受的压力程度而出现伤皮的问题，而且此抛光过程中不会产生碎米，较现有技术提高出米率0.5-2％。
2、糠粉量少，并被及时排除。由于大米等粮食颗粒在抛光过程未被深度磨削，仅承受中度或轻度磨削，糠粉量少，仅产生0.5％以下的糠粉。在抛光过程中，粮食颗粒得到充分的翻动，由于排糠风道设置在所述机壳内部，柔性抛光件设置在空心轴上，空心轴上设置有进风口以及与柔性抛光室连通的多个吹风孔；并通过所述瓦筛上的筛孔与柔性抛光室连通，排糠风道的底部与所述排糠口连通；因此，空气从空心轴上进风口进入，再径向吹入柔性抛光室从粮食颗粒间穿过，经瓦筛上的筛孔进入排糠风道，被风机抽吸产生强风，将产生的糠粉拉走的同时，也可以使粮食颗粒得到充分的翻动，抛光均匀，产品合格率高。
3、节能效果明显，由于粮食颗粒是无动力自上而下呈单粒瀑布状进入柔性抛光室，在抛光过程中并无轴向推进进料过程，且在柔性抛光室仅进 行中度或轻度柔性磨削，所需配置的动力装置功率较小，通常时产7吨的只需要配备15KW的动力装置(例如两个7.5KW的电机)机重2350KG，这样，相对于现有的配备有75KW的电机的铁辊抛光机，能够节能80％左右。
4、设备占地面积小。较现有技术中的辊式抛光机可减少占地面积50％。
附图说明
图1是本发明一实施例提供的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置的结构示意图；
图2是本发明一实施例提供的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置的内部结构示意图；
图3是本发明另一实施例提供的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置的结构示意图；
图4是本发明另一实施例提供的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置的结构示意图；
图5是本发明另一实施例提供的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置的结构示意图；
图6是本发明一实施例提供的大米加工设备的结构示意图；
图7是本发明另一实施例提供的大米加工设备的结构示意图。
说明书附图中的附图标记如下：
100、颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置；1、机壳；2、底座；3、电机；4、电机轮；5、传动带；6、传动轮；7、传动带；8、传动轮；9、传动带；10、传动轮；11、储料斗；12、抛光装置进料口；13、匀料插板；14、流量调节杆；15、扩散管；16、分料板；17、进料槽；18、进料口；19、抛光刷；191、刷毛；20、刷基；21、空心轴；211、进风口；212、吹风孔；22、瓦筛；23、挡板；24、出料口；25、出料槽；26、排糠风道；27、出米口；28、排糠口；29、溜管；30、风管；31、柔性抛光室；40、第一管道；50、糠粞分离器；60、第一汇集斗；70、震动米粞筛；80、第二管道；90、沙克龙；101、第一关风器；110、转向器；120、第三管道；130、鼓风机；140、第四管道；150、米糠除尘器；160、第二汇集斗；170、第二关风器；180、米糠除尘器出口。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明所解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚明白， 以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步的详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
请参照图1及图2，本发明一实施例提供的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置100，包括机壳1、进料装置I、传动装置、至少一柔性抛光单元、排糠装置、出米口27，所述柔性抛光单元包括径向重力自流式柔性抛光室31(以下简称柔性抛光室)，所述进料装置I、柔性抛光室及出米口27沿重力方向由上至下依次排布。此处，径向重力自流式抛光室是指，抛光室沿重力方向设置，颗粒粮食沿重力方向进入抛光室，并沿重力方向流出抛光室。
本实施例中，以大米抛光为例对本实施例提供的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置进行说明。应当理解的是，本实施例提供的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置同样适用于小麦、玉米及大豆等杂粮的抛光。
本实施例中，所述进料装置I包括储料斗11及扩散管15，所述扩散管15的顶部与所述储料斗11底部连通。所述储料斗11与扩散管15相接的位置形成为抛光装置进料口12，进料口12处设置有匀料插板13，所述匀料插板13的外部连接有流量调节杆14，调整流量调节杆14的位置，能够使得匀料插板13部分或完全遮挡抛光装置进料口12，以调整进料的流量大小。所述排糠装置包括排糠风道26和排糠口28。
本实施例中，以图1中的柔性抛光单元A为例，所述柔性抛光室31设置在所述机壳1内部，所述柔性抛光室31由瓦筛与挡板23围成，每一所述柔性抛光单元包括柔性抛光室31、空心轴21、抛光刷19、瓦筛22及挡板23，所述柔性抛光室31的顶部与底部分别形成进料口18及出料口24，所述进料口18开口方向沿空心轴21径向设置，相邻的两个柔性抛光室31相互连通，位于最上方的柔性抛光室31其进料口与所述扩散管15的底部连通，位于最下方的柔性抛光室31其出料口与所述出米口27连通，所述瓦筛22设置在所述柔性抛光室31靠近所述排糠风道26的一侧，所述挡板23设置在所述柔性抛光室31的与所述瓦筛22相对的一侧，所述抛光刷19设置在所述空心轴21上，所述空心轴21上设置有进风口211以及与所述柔性抛光室31连通的多个吹风孔212。优选地，所述进风口211设置在所述空心轴21的两端，这样，通过外接于排糠口28的鼓风机所产生的负压能 够从空心轴21的两端分别拉入强风，有利于大米的翻滚及排糠。
这样，大米由进料装置的储料斗经扩散管自上而下成单粒瀑布状进入柔性抛光单元的柔性抛光室，经抛光的大米由出米口流出。可见，本实施例的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置其进料方式为径向重力自流式进料，因而能够避免传统的轴向螺旋推进器进料所造成的碎米，且节能。
本实施例中，柔性抛光件为抛光刷19。在其它实施例中，所述柔性抛光件也可为套设于空心轴外的抛光布条。
本实施例中，如图1所示，所述颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置包括在重力方向上排成两列的六个柔性抛光单元，即图1中的柔性抛光单元A、B、C、D、E、F，其中，柔性抛光单元A、B、C在重力方向上排成一列，柔性抛光单元D、E、F在重力方向上排成一列，柔性抛光单元A、B、C的柔性抛光室31在重力方向上相互连通。本实施例中，柔性抛光单元B、C的结构与A相同，柔性抛光单元D、E、F分别相对柔性抛光单元A、B、C以机壳1的中轴线镜像安装。
本实施例中，所述分散管15的底部分叉为与柔性抛光单元的列数对应数量的支管，每一列中位于最上方的柔性抛光单元其柔性抛光室的进料口与所述扩散管的其中一支管连通。即本实施例中，所述分散管15的底部分叉为两个支管，即分散管15呈“之”字形。每一列中位于最上方的柔性抛光单元(即图1中的柔性抛光单元A、D)其柔性抛光室31的进料口与所述扩散管15的其中一支管连通。分散管15中的分叉位置设置有分料板16，分料板16能够在分散管15中转动，以控制流入柔性抛光单元A、D两股米流的流量。
本实施例中，所述排糠风道26设置在所述机壳内部，并通过所述瓦筛22上的筛孔与所述柔性抛光室31连通，所述排糠风道26的底部与所述排糠口28连通。这样，通过从空心轴的进风口211拉入强风，然后从空心轴的吹风孔212吹入柔性抛光室31，便能够将在柔性抛光室31中产生的米糠经由瓦筛22上的筛孔送入排糠风道26，再经过连接在排糠风道26底部的排糠口28排出。
本实施例中，所述抛光刷19包括刷基20和刷毛191，所述刷基20固 定套设在所述空心轴21的外周上，所述刷毛191设置在所述刷基20上，所述刷基20上设置有多个连通孔(图中未标示)，所述空心轴21的多个吹风孔212经由所述多个连通孔与所述柔性抛光室31连通。优选地，所述刷毛191在所述刷基20上呈360度设置。这样，抛光刷19对大米的抛光作用是连续的，即任意时刻进入柔性抛光室31的大米均能受到抛光刷的刷毛191的抛光作用。抛光刷19例如可以是纳米刷，即刷毛为纳米刷丝。
本实施例中，每一所述柔性抛光单元还包括进料槽17及出料槽25，位于最上方的柔性抛光室31(即图1中柔性抛光单元A、D的柔性抛光室)其进料口18经由所述进料槽25与所述扩散管15的底部连通，位于最下方的柔性抛光室(即图1中柔性抛光单元C、F的柔性抛光室)其出料口经由所述出料槽与所述出米口27连通。上下相邻的两个柔性抛光单元(即柔性抛光室A与B、B与C、D与E、E与F)，上方的柔性抛光单元的出料槽与下方的柔性抛光单元的进料槽连通。
本实施例中，所述排糠口28的底部连接一风管30，所述出米口27的底部连接一溜管29。
本实施例中，所述颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置还包括固定设置所述机壳1底部的底座2，所述传动装置包括与柔性抛光单元的列数对应数量的电机3、设置在所述电机输出轴上的电机轮4、设置在每一所述柔性抛光单元的空心轴上的传动轮6及多条传动带5，所述电机3固定设置在所述底座2上，每一所述电机轮4与其上方最近的一个传动轮6之间以及上下相邻的两个传动轮6之间均通过传动带5连接。
具体地，在图1所示的实施例中，传动装置由两个分传动装置G、H构成，其中，分传动装置G包括电机3、设置在所述电机3输出轴上的电机轮4、设置在柔性抛光单元D的空心轴21上的传动轮6、设置柔性抛光单元E的空心轴21上的传动轮8、设置柔性抛光单元F的空心轴21上的传动轮10、连接在所述电机轮4与传动轮6之间的传动带5、连接在所述传动轮6与传动轮8之间的传动带7以及连接在所述传动轮8与传动轮10之间的传动带9。这样，电机3旋转带动电机轮4旋转，电机轮4通过带传动将旋转传递至传动轮6，传动轮6通过带传动将旋转传递至传动轮8，传动 轮8通过带传动将旋转传递至传动轮10，以此，电机3的旋转能够带动传动轮6、8、10的旋转，进而能够带动与传动轮6、8、10连接的空心轴21的旋转。当然，若大米只需轻度磨削时，可只经柔性抛光单元D、E、F中的一个或两个即可，哪个柔性抛光单元不需要工作，只需要将不需要工作的柔性抛光单元D上的空心轴上传动轮上的传动带取下即可。
分传动装置H的传动方式与分传动装置G相同，并以机壳1中轴线相对分传动装置G镜像安装。
本发明上述实施例的颗粒类粮食抛光装置通过控制空心轴的转速能够实现一机多用，随着转速的增大，抛光程度加大，相对较高的转速适应于高精度米等抛光程度要求高的颗粒粮食加工，相对较低的转速适应于糙米、杂粮等抛光程度要求低的颗粒粮食加工，其抛光处理后，粮食颗粒表皮基本保存完好，满足其抛光处理要求。
所述传动装置包还括分别对应控制各个电机转速的一个或多个控制装置，所述控制装置为变频器或伺服控制器，所述控制装置通过控制电机转速而将空心轴的转速控制为：300～1500rpm。
本实施例中，如图1所示，电机3由变频器控制，使抛光刷的19转速可在一定范围内调节，由于变频器的设置，电机3的转速快慢可以调整，从而上述的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置100可以加工不同品种的颗粒粮食。如加工糙米，变频器参数可设置为20～30赫兹，可将空心轴21的转速控制为300-800rpm；如加工标一米和标二米(按国家标准规定的等级米)，变频器参数可设置为30～40赫兹；可将空心轴21的转速控制为800-1100rpm；如加工精洁米(按国家标准规定的等级米)，变频器参数可设置为40～50赫兹，可将空心轴21的转速控制为1100-1500rpm。
本发明上述实施例的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置的工作过程如下(以大米抛光为例)：
待抛光大米经储料斗11，自流至抛光机进料口12，在匀料插板13处限流(由流量调节杆14限定流量)，经扩散管15处扩散成扁平状后，在分料板16处分流为两股米流。其中一股米流进入柔性抛光单元A的进料槽17，再流入柔性抛光单元A的进料口18；另一股米流进入柔性抛光单元D 的进料槽，再流入柔性抛光单元D的进料口。
由于进料口18开口朝向沿空心轴21径向设置，进入柔性抛光单元A的进料口18的待抛光大米，径向进入后在抛光刷19高速旋转带动下进入柔性抛光室A，大米与抛光刷19充分接触，并在抛光刷19产生的柔性挤压力和离心力的综合作用力下翻滚，大米相互之间、大米与抛光刷19以及大米与瓦筛22之间产生摩擦作用，粘附在大米表面的虫卵、米糠及糊粉层等被剥离；随着上述综合力学作用的继续，大米表面凹凸不平的糊粉层等(高出表面凹凸曲线平均值的高峰)被磨平。这些虫卵、米糠及糊粉层(统称为抛光粉)及小于瓦筛孔径(1～1.2*10mm)的小碎米等，与由空心轴21处吹入的空气混合，即时被与本装置配套的鼓风机的强吸，穿过瓦筛22，进入排糠风道26，再经由排糠口28进入外接风管30。
初步抛光后的大米经柔性抛光单元A的出料口24进入柔性抛光单元A的出料槽25，再进入下方的柔性抛光单元B，经柔性抛光单元B又一次抛光后，再进入柔性抛光单元C进行第三次抛光。经三次抛光后的大米完全达到了质量要求，进入出米口27，经溜管29排出。
柔性抛光单元B、C、D、E、F的工作原来与柔性抛光单元A的工作原理相同。两股米流抛光后在出米口处汇合。
本实施例的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置，具有两列共6个柔性抛光单元，适宜大产量白米抛光。
本发明根据大米抛光装置应完全避免大米承受剪切力，尽量减少其所受挤压力，增大其表面磨擦力的原则进行设计，本发明提供的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置，避免了大米在抛光室内的剪切效应，增大了柔性摩擦效应，在保证刷净米糠、抛光大米的同时，大大减少了抛光过程对米的伤害，提高了出米率，降低了能耗。并且，具有以下优点：
1、实现了大米的适度加工，不伤皮，提高了出品率。由于进料装置、径向重力自流式柔性抛光单元及出米口沿重力方向由上至下依次排布，大米由进料装置仅靠重力进入柔性抛光单元的柔性抛光室，即经进料口沿空心轴径向流入柔性抛光室，在瓦筛和挡板间，与旋转的柔性抛光件接触进行径向抛光，通过大米与柔性抛光件之间的柔性磨擦，大米与瓦筛的半刚 性摩擦以及大米与大米之间的刚性摩擦，将大米表面曲线凹槽内的糠粉剝离，将高于米表面曲线平均高度的尖峰适当磨平(不是全部磨至尖峰根部)，可以使成品大米呈亚光色(俗称为“亚光米”)，经抛光后的大米由出米口流出。与现有的螺旋推进式的辊式抛光机，由于本发明无需设置推进辊，使大米以自上而下成呈单粒瀑布状进入柔性抛光室被旋转的柔性抛光件进行径向抛光，这种大米从径向重力流动进入柔性抛光室的进料方式，使大米在柔性抛光室内无需承受轴向推力，仅有自身重力产生的稍许轴向流动，因此在大米自上而下过程中，仅受到自身重力和旋转抛光刷的作用力在抛光过程中无需承受剪切力，也尽量减少了挤压力，同时，通过抛光刷等柔性抛光部件增大磨擦力，所以大米表面仅承受轻微的挤压力和较大摩擦力，实现了大米的适度加工，本发明解决了现有技术的辊式抛光机在刚性的螺旋推进过程中，根本无法调节米粒表面承受的压力程度而出现伤皮的问题，而且此抛光过程中不会产生碎米，较现有技术提高出米率0.5-2％。
2、糠粉量少，抛光均匀，产品合格率高。由于大米在抛光过程未被深度磨削，仅承受中度或轻度磨削，糠粉量少，仅产生0.5％以下的糠粉。在抛光过程中，大米得到充分的翻动，由于排糠风道设置在所述机壳内部，柔性抛光件设置在空心轴上，空心轴上设置有进风口以及与柔性抛光室连通的多个吹风孔；并通过所述瓦筛上的筛孔与柔性抛光室连通，排糠风道的底部与所述排糠口连通；因此，空气从空心轴上进风口进入，再径向吹入柔性抛光室从米粒间穿过，经瓦筛上的筛孔进入排糠风道，被风机抽吸产生强风，将产生的糠粉拉走的同时，也可以使大米得到充分的翻动，抛光均匀，产品合格率高。
3、节能效果明显，由于大米是无动力自上而下呈单粒瀑布状进入柔性抛光室，在抛光过程中并无轴向推进进料过程，且在柔性抛光室仅进行中度或轻度柔性磨削，所需配置的动力装置功率较小，通常时产7吨的只需要配备15KW的动力装置(例如两个7.5KW的电机，)机重达2350KG，这样，相对于现有的配备有75KW的电机的铁辊抛光机，能够节能80％左右。
4、设备占地面积小，成本低。较现有技术中的辊式抛光机可减少占地 面积50％。由于本发明无需设置推进辊，传动部件的数量和耗材大幅减少。降低了设备制作成本。
本发明上述实施例的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置能够大大提高大米出品率，相对于传统铁棍抛光机可提高出品率0.5％～2％。即每加工1万吨大米，增产大米50～200吨。全中国年加工2亿吨大米，如1％的企业采用本发明上述实施例的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置，可增产大米1～4万吨。
并且，本发明上述实施例的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置，相对于传统铁辊抛光机可节能80％以上(如日产150吨大米生产线所用抛光装置，本发明上述实施例只需配备两台7.5Kw的电机；常用的铁棍抛光机配一台75Kw的电机)。每加工1万吨大米，可节约8.64万度电；全中国年加工2亿吨大米，如1％的企业采用本发明上述实施例的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置，可节约17280万度电。
并且，本发明上述实施例的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置，相对于传统的铁棍抛光机，每加工1万吨大米，可因高出品率增加利润10～40万元，因减少电机功率节约电费4.8万元，合计可增收节支14.8～44.8万元。全中国年加工2亿吨大米，如1％的企业采用本发明上述实施例的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置，可因提高出品率增加利润2～8亿元，因节能节约电费8640万元，合计可增收节支2.864～8.864亿元。经济效益显著。
柔性抛光单元的数量和排布方式以及电机的转速可随不同待抛光米(如白米或糙米)、不同产量、不同米质量要求(如深度抛光或轻微抛光)而调整。
如图3所示，为本发明另一实施例的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置，与图1所示实施例不同之处在于，本实施例中，在重力方向上只设置了一列柔性抛光单元，即自上而下排布的柔性抛光单元A、B、C。对应地，本实施例中，传动装置只包含分传动装置G或H即可。本实施例的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置适宜小产量白米抛光。
如图4所示，为本发明另一实施例的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置，与图1所示实施例不同之处在于，本实施例中，重力方向上设置有两列柔性抛光单元，但是每一列自上而下仅排布有两个柔性抛光单元，即其中一列自上而 下排布有柔性抛光单元A、C，另一列自上而下排布有柔性抛光单元D、F。本实施的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置适宜大产量糙米抛光。
如图4所示，为本发明另一实施例的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置，与图2所示实施例不同之处在于，本实施例中，在重力方向上只设置了一列柔性抛光单元，且每列上只有两个柔性抛光单元，即自上而下排布的柔性抛光单元A、C。本实施的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置适宜小产量糙米抛光。
当然，在其它实施例中，也可以是重力方向上仅设置一列柔性抛光单元，该列柔性抛光单元包含一个或四个以上的柔性抛光单元。
当然，在其它实施例中，也可以是重力方向上设置两列柔性抛光单元，每列柔性抛光单元包含四个以上的柔性抛光单元。
当然，在其它实施例中，也可以是重力方向上设置三列以上的柔性抛光单元，每列柔性抛光单元包含一个以上的柔性抛光单元。
另外，如图6所示，本发明一实施例还提供了一种大米加工设备，其包括上述的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置100、第一管道40、糠粞分离器50、第一汇集斗60、震动米粞筛70、第二管道80、沙克龙90、转向器110、第一关风器101、第三管道120、鼓风机130、第四管道140、米糠除尘器150、第二汇集斗160及第二关风器170，所述第一管道40的一端连接所述颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置的出米口27，另一端连接所述糠粞分离器50的入口，所述第一汇集斗60设置在所述糠粞分离器50的下方，所述震动米粞筛70设置在所述第一汇集斗60的下方，所述第二管道80的一端连接所述糠粞分离器50的出口，另一端连接所述沙克龙90，所述转向器110设置在所述沙克龙90的顶部，所述第一关风器101设置在所述沙克龙90的底部，所述第三管道120的一端连接所述转向器110，另一端连接所述鼓风机130，所述第四管道140的一端连接所述鼓风机130，另一端连接所述米糠除尘器150，所述米糠除尘器150的顶部设置有米糠除尘器出口180，所述第二汇集斗160设置在所述米糠除尘器180的底部，所述第二关风器170设置在所述第二汇集斗160的底部。
本发明上述实施例的大米加工设备，其工作原理如下：
待抛光大米经颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置100抛光后，从出米口27流出。 抛光过程产生的抛光粉随鼓风机130产生的负压气流经排糠口28进入第一管道40，再进入糠粞分离器50进行分离，分离出来的米粞经第一汇集斗60流入震动米粞筛70，经震动筛理后，分为1mm以上的碎米和1mm以下的碎米，打包待用。分离掉米粞后的抛光粉经第二管道80进入沙克龙90，经沙克龙90分离后，绝大部分抛光粉经第一关风器101卸料；极少部分抛光粉从沙克龙90顶部的转向器110随气流进入第三管道120；再经鼓风机130、第四管道140进入米糠除尘器150；剩余抛光粉经米糠除尘器150螺旋分离和重力沉降后，掉入汇集斗160，经第二关风器170卸料；干净气流从米糠除尘器出口180排出。
另外，如图6所示，本发明另一实施例还提供了一种大米加工设备，与实施例一不同之处在于，本实施例中，取消了糠粞分离器50、第一汇集斗60、震动米粞筛70及第二管道80。直接将第一管道40接入沙克龙90。本实施例的大米加工设备，不进行糠粞分离。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置，其特征在于，包括机壳、进料装置、至少一个柔性抛光单元、排糠装置以及出米口，所述柔性抛光单元包括径向重力自流式柔性抛光室，所述进料装置、柔性抛光室及出米口沿重力方向由上至下依次排布。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置，其特征在于，所述柔性抛光室设置在所述机壳内部，所述柔性抛光室由瓦筛与挡板围成，所述柔性抛光室中心设置有空心轴，所述空心轴上设置有柔性抛光件，所述柔性抛光室的顶部与底部分别形成进料口及出料口，所述进料口开口方向沿空心轴径向设置，所述空心轴上设置有进风口以及与所述柔性抛光室连通的多个吹风孔，所述空心轴由传动装置驱动旋转。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置，其特征在于，所述柔性抛光件为套设于空心轴外的抛光刷，所述抛光刷包括刷基和刷毛，所述刷基固定套设在所述空心轴的外周上，所述刷毛设置在所述刷基上，所述刷基对应于所述空心轴设置有多个连通孔。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置，其特征在于，所述柔性抛光件为套设于空心轴外的抛光布条。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置，其特征在于，所述进料装置包括储料斗及扩散管，所述扩散管底部与所述柔性抛光单元中位于最上方的柔性抛光室进料口连通以使大米自空心轴径向流入柔性抛光室，所述柔性抛光单元中位于最下方的柔性抛光室的出料口与所述出米口连通，所述排糠装置设置在所述瓦筛一侧并通过所述瓦筛上的筛孔与所述抛光室连通；所述排糠装置包括设置在所述机壳内部的排糠风道及设置在排糠风道底部的排糠口。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置，其特征在于，所述刷毛在所述刷基上呈360度设置。
  7. 根据权利要求2-6任意一项所述的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置，其特征在于，所述进风口设置在所述空心轴的两端。
  8. 根据权利要求2-6任意一项所述的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置，其特征 在于，所述颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置包括在重力方向上排成一列或多列的多个柔性抛光单元，处于同一列的所有柔性抛光单元包括一个以上的柔性抛光室，所述一个以上的柔性抛光室在重力方向上相互连通，所述分散管的底部分叉为与柔性抛光单元的列数对应数量的支管，每一列中位于最上方的柔性抛光单元其柔性抛光室的进料口与所述扩散管的其中一支管连通，位于最下方的柔性抛光室其出料口与所述出米口连通。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置，其特征在于，所述传动装置包括与柔性抛光单元的列数对应数量的电机、设置在所述电机输出轴上的电机轮、设置在每一所述柔性抛光单元的空心轴上的传动轮及多条传动带，所述电机固定设置在所述底座上，每一所述电机轮与其上方最近的一个传动轮之间以及上下相邻的两个传动轮之间均通过传动带连接。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的颗粒粮食柔性抛光装置，其特征在于，所述传动装置还包括分别对应控制各个电机转速的一个或多个控制装置，所述控制装置为变频器或伺服控制器，所述控制装置通过控制电机转速而将空心轴的转速控制为300～1500rpm。
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