WO2016045414A1 - 一种基于虚拟化技术的数控系统及方法 - Google Patents

一种基于虚拟化技术的数控系统及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016045414A1
WO2016045414A1 PCT/CN2015/081291 CN2015081291W WO2016045414A1 WO 2016045414 A1 WO2016045414 A1 WO 2016045414A1 CN 2015081291 W CN2015081291 W CN 2015081291W WO 2016045414 A1 WO2016045414 A1 WO 2016045414A1
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numerical control
server
control device
control system
local
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PCT/CN2015/081291
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English (en)
French (fr)
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杨建中
冯冰艳
惠恩明
丁国涛
陆永亮
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华中科技大学
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Priority to US15/109,277 priority Critical patent/US10372111B2/en
Priority to JP2016575969A priority patent/JP6588930B2/ja
Publication of WO2016045414A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016045414A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/418—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
    • G05B19/4185—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM] characterised by the network communication
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/414—Structure of the control system, e.g. common controller or multiprocessor systems, interface to servo, programmable interface controller
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B15/00—Systems controlled by a computer
    • G05B15/02—Systems controlled by a computer electric
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20—Pc systems
    • G05B2219/23—Pc programming
    • G05B2219/23067—Control, human or man machine interface, interactive, HMI, MMI
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/31—From computer integrated manufacturing till monitoring
    • G05B2219/31422—Upload, download programs, parameters from, to station to, from server
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of numerical control systems, and particularly relates to a numerical control system and method based on virtualization technology.
  • CNC machine tool is a flexible, high-performance, high-precision automatic machine tool that can solve complex, precise, small-volume, multi-variety parts processing problems. It is generally composed of CNC system, machine tool body and other auxiliary devices. .
  • the numerical control system is the core of the whole CNC machine tool. It integrates the position (track), speed and torque control. It performs some or all of the numerical control functions according to the code instructions to realize the motion control of one or more mechanical devices.
  • the general numerical control system is composed of an input/output device, a numerical control device, a programmable controller (PLC), a servo system, a detection feedback device, and the like, wherein the numerical control device is the backbone of the numerical control system.
  • PLC programmable controller
  • the numerical control device may include a display module, an input/output module, a decoder, a motion planner, an axis motion controller, a memory, and the like.
  • the display module is an important medium for human-computer interaction, which provides an intuitive operating environment for the user;
  • the input/output module is an interface for data and information exchange between the numerical control device and the outside world, including numerical control machining programs, control parameters, compensation amounts, etc.
  • the interface module of the device and the servo drive system is mainly responsible for position control; the memory is responsible for storing information such as part processing program, system configuration parameters and system inherent data.
  • the current CNC system generally uses the PC + NC upper and lower machine architecture, as shown in Figure 2, the upper computer and the lower computer are installed next to the machine and connected by bus, the upper position
  • the machine is the HMI, which is responsible for the non-real-time tasks of the system.
  • the lower computer is the NCU and PLC, responsible for the real-time motion control and logic control tasks of the system.
  • This kind of numerical control system has the characteristics of distributed, and supports the secondary research of users to a certain extent.
  • the development and independent upgrade have both the openness of the PC and the openness of the console, and the communication and control of the upper and lower machine structures are relatively easy to implement and maintain.
  • the numerical control system that reflects the structure makes the intelligent technology of the numerical control system difficult to adapt to the increasingly complex manufacturing process, and forms the main bottleneck of the development of the numerical control system to the intelligent, digital and multifunctional.
  • the present invention provides a function expansion method of a numerical control system based on virtualization technology, which utilizes virtualization technology to integrate a virtual desktop on a local numerical control device, and functions of the numerical control system.
  • the extension and development tasks are handed over to the remote server, and the high-end value-added function that the local numerical control device cannot support is realized through the interaction between the remote server and the local numerical control device, so that the numerical control system can be intelligently and simultaneously realized while realizing the high sharing of the numerical control resources of the workshop.
  • Functional development direction is handed over to the remote server, and the high-end value-added function that the local numerical control device cannot support is realized through the interaction between the remote server and the local numerical control device, so that the numerical control system can be intelligently and simultaneously realized while realizing the high sharing of the numerical control resources of the workshop.
  • a numerical control system based on a virtualization technology is provided, which is configured by a remote server and a local numerical control device, and uses the interaction of the two.
  • Numerical control machining control characterized in that the numerical control system comprises:
  • Localized numerical control devices for processing real-time tasks, including speed processing, interpolation operations, position control and online detection, and human-computer interaction;
  • the remote server is interconnected with the local CNC device network for processing non-real-time tasks, including G code programming, decoding, processing simulation, and at the same time can realize the value-added functions, including Microsoft/PDF view, IE One or more of browsing, Winscp file transfer, NC code quality analysis and detection, and NC code spline fitting and optimization;
  • the server and the numerical control device are interconnected by a client mounted on the numerical control device, the client running on the numerical control device system, which utilizes a virtual technology on a human interaction device (HMI) of the numerical control device
  • HMI human interaction device
  • the client performs a virtual operation on the server on the human-machine interaction device (HMI), that is, the operation interface image corresponding to the server is transmitted to the HMI, and the operation of the operation interface is The command is sent to the server, and after the server responds, the result is sent to the HMI for update display, and the localization operation of the server is implemented.
  • HMI human-machine interaction device
  • the specific process of transmitting and displaying the image is as follows: first compressing the image to be transmitted, and then transmitting the compressed image data to a numerical control device based on a TCP/IP protocol, the numerical control device receiving After the image data is obtained, it is first decompressed, and then the HMI interface is refreshed according to the decompressed image data.
  • the server may be a server/PC, a virtual machine running on a server/PC, or even a tablet.
  • the server can be interconnected with a plurality of local numerical control devices for interaction, numerical control processing, and/or resource sharing.
  • the software or functions of the server can be expanded, tailored, and/or configured by the client installed on the numerical control device.
  • the client has an adaptive screen function and an interface resolution thereof. It can be automatically adjusted according to the screen size of the local Human Machine Interface (HMI).
  • HMI Human Machine Interface
  • the invention utilizes the virtualization technology to construct a new virtual desktop-based numerical control system architecture, and converts the requirements of the numerical control system to the local software and hardware resources into the requirements of the server, and realizes that the hardware and software of the numerical control system are not changed or even reduced.
  • the functions of the numerical control system can be flexibly expanded, tailored, optimized and configured on the server side, so that the application of the intelligent function software is no longer limited by local resources, realizing high resource sharing, and simplifying the local numerical control device.
  • the scope reduces the cost of the production enterprise and improves the reliability of the numerical control system.
  • a server environment is set up for the local numerical control device, and a local thin client is deployed on the numerical control device, and the client can log in to the server through the client.
  • the operator's operation on the server can be directly performed on the human-machine interface (HMI) of the numerical control device.
  • HMI human-machine interface
  • the server provides application services behind the scenes, and the operator does not feel the existence of the server, as if all operations are under the local numerical control device. Completed, localization of remote operations.
  • the server can not only be responsible for the installation, configuration and operation of commercial software such as CAPP, CAD/CAM, CAE, PLM, MES and ERP, but also as long as the server software and hardware are provided.
  • Resources can be supported and can be extended by any functional software, such as Microsoft/PDF, UG, Vericut, WinSCP, etc., which can provide intelligent G code quality analysis and optimization to local numerical control devices, spline fitting and smoothing of G codes. , command field code quality analysis and detection, Microsoft / PDF view, IE browser and other functions.
  • the original high storage capacity, high upgrade frequency, high computational non-real time function (such as decoding, machine tool anti-collision simulation, etc.) can be moved to the server side, and the function software can be made on the one hand.
  • the upgrade is no longer limited by local resources. On the other hand, it can improve the speed and accuracy of the operation, simplify the local device, reduce the production cost, and improve the reliability of the numerical control system.
  • the user it is preferable to give the user a certain server software deployment operation right, and allow the user to flexibly expand, tailor, and configure the software deployment of the server according to the needs, thereby realizing the personalized, flexible, and diversified configuration of the entire numerical control system.
  • the client in the invention is installed on the local numerical control device, which reduces the requirements of the numerical control system on the CPU, memory and hard disk storage space of the local numerical control device, and is a link for information exchange between the local numerical control device and the server end, and the opening or closing of the information can be performed by the local numerical control device and the server.
  • the operator controls it by himself and does not affect the normal operation of the local numerical control device.
  • the client has a self-adaptive screen function, and its interface resolution can be automatically adjusted according to the screen size of the local human machine interface (HMI).
  • HMI human machine interface
  • the communication between the numerical control device and the server in the invention adopts data lightweighting technology, which reduces the dependence of real-time information exchange on network bandwidth.
  • the present invention proposes a brand-new numerical control device architecture, which uses a server plus a local client to layout the numerical control system, and can integrate non-real-time functions and function expansion and development tasks in the numerical control device to the server. Through the remote interaction, the high-end bonus function that the local numerical control device cannot support is realized.
  • the above-mentioned system architecture of the present invention can enable information sharing and distribution between various functional components of the numerical control system and other numerical control systems, greatly improving information utilization and compatibility of the numerical control system with external devices or software.
  • the present invention is based on a virtual technology, by setting a client on a numerical control device, using the client to access the server, simulating a local numerical control operation, thereby improving the processing performance of the numerical control system while implementing numerical control processing control. Meet equipment/software functional expansion needs.
  • the invention utilizes the virtualization technology to break the local resource island of the numerical control system, and can solve the problem that the current numerical control system architecture seriously restricts the development of the numerical control system toward the intelligent and multifunctional.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a numerical control system and a machine tool structure in the prior art
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the current mainstream CNC system, the structure is the upper and lower position machine, the upper machine is HMI, responsible for the system non-real-time tasks, the lower position machine is NCU and PLC, responsible for the system real-time motion control and logic control;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a numerical control system based on a virtualization technology according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a typical workflow of a local numerical control device of a numerical control system based on a virtualization technology and a server performing a service interaction (using G code optimization as an example) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a process of operating a server virtual desktop on a local HMI by a numerical control system based on a virtualization technology according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Desktop virtualization is a server-based computing model that is the fastest growing and most promising computer virtualization technology.
  • Desktop virtualization refers to virtualizing the desktop of a computer or its virtual machine. Users can access the desktop system on the network through any terminal device regardless of location and time.
  • virtualized desktop systems have been gradually applied in various fields, especially in the education, finance and other industries.
  • desktop virtualization traditional, static computing models can be moved to a dynamic, flexible, and scalable infrastructure that can easily handle changes in business requirements and deliver significant cost savings.
  • the application of virtualization technology, especially desktop virtualization technology, in the field of digital CNC machining will promote the development of CNC technology to the high-end intelligent direction.
  • the method based on the virtualization technology to realize the function expansion of the numerical control system adopts the Qt and the frame buffer technology to realize the seamless integration of the numerical control device and the virtual desktop, and greatly reduces the occupation rate of the virtual desktop refreshing CPU of the numerical control system.
  • the stability and reliability of the CNC system are guaranteed.
  • the invention adopts a lightweight technology on the transmission of real-time image data, which reduces its dependence on the bandwidth of the workshop network.
  • the invention adopts the client + server architecture: the server can be a server/PC, or a virtual machine running on a server/PC, or even a tablet, etc., to "provide” application services to the local numerical control device;
  • the client is a local numerical control device that “requests” the application service from the server.
  • the server and the numerical control device are connected by a local thin client.
  • the client is essentially an application integrated in the operating system of the numerical control device.
  • the software and hardware resources of the numerical control system are very low, and the installation is not required, and the startup can be started directly.
  • the client uses frame buffer technology, its operation only occupies very little memory and computing resources of the CNC system; through this client can be opened on the numerical control device And operate the remote virtual desktop to achieve localization of remote operations; at the same time, the client breaks the shackles of the graphical desktop, and it can run normally regardless of whether the numerical control device operating system has a graphical desktop.
  • the present invention preferably employs a data lightweighting technique.
  • the operator can flexibly expand, tailor and configure the functional software that the local numerical control device cannot support on the server side, breaking the current numerical control system architecture.
  • the versatility of its functions, as well as the non-real-time tasks under the local numerical control device that require complex calculations and high memory requirements, can be moved to the server to simplify the local numerical control device and reduce the production cost of the enterprise and the test difficulty of the numerical control system.
  • the numerical control device is only responsible for human-computer interaction and real-time tasks, such as speed processing, interpolation calculation, position control, online detection, etc.; the server is responsible for providing the numerical control system. High-end value-added functions that are not supported by local CNC equipment, such as Microsoft/PDF viewing, IE browser, Winscp file transfer, NC code quality analysis and detection, NC code spline fitting and optimization, etc. Some G code programming, decoding, processing simulation and other non-real-time tasks.
  • the numerical control device communicates with the server through a local thin client running on the numerical control device. By default, the client is in the closed state.
  • the client can be opened by a button on the numerical control device panel, and the client is remotely logged in to the server through the client.
  • the server is authenticated, the system desktop information of the server is obtained, and it is redrawed on the interface of the HMI in the form of “virtual desktop”.
  • the function expansion, cutting and optimization configuration of the numerical control system and the operation of the high-end value-added software of the server are used. Both can be performed through the virtual desktop, as shown in FIG.
  • the login request command is sent to the server by the numerical control device through the thin client.
  • the server After receiving the login request, the server sends its system desktop to the numerical control device and displays it on the HMI (covering the numerical control Processing interface), the operator can perform the required operations under the virtual desktop.
  • the operation and response under the virtual desktop are implemented on the local CNC device, and the feeling is no different from the traditional CNC operation.
  • the operator operates on the HMI is just a "picture", which is a screen copy of the server system desktop.
  • the operation of the "picture” is sent to the server in the form of "instruction”, and the server responds according to the "instruction", and the result of the response is "pixel information”.
  • the method is sent to the numerical control device, and the numerical control device instantly updates the virtual desktop on the HMI according to the “pixel information”.
  • a typical data exchange process is shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the present invention adopts a data weight reduction technology on the transmission of real-time image data: the server compresses the image (ie, the system desktop) data, and transmits the compressed image data to the numerical control device, and the numerical control device receives After the image data is obtained, it is first decompressed, and then the HMI interface is refreshed according to the decompressed image data.
  • the use of data lightweighting technology reduces the dependence of real-time image data transmission on network bandwidth, so that the bandwidth of current commercial local area networks can meet the requirements of the present invention.
  • the thin client in the invention integrates the function of file transfer, and many service interactions between the numerical control device and the server are performed by file transfer, taking G code optimization processing as an example (in order to more clearly express the file interaction of the present invention).
  • G code optimization processing in order to more clearly express the file interaction of the present invention.
  • a typical working process is as follows (see Figure 4):
  • the numerical control device performs numerical control machining according to the optimized G code.
  • the thin client in the present invention provides the function of the adaptive screen.
  • the client can automatically adjust the size of the interface according to the size of the HMI screen to achieve the best display effect, and the action does not affect the action.
  • the resolution of the server system desktop is the case of the server system desktop.
  • the thin client in the invention can realize the one-key free switching between the numerical control processing interface and the virtual desktop, and does not affect the numerical control processing process, and even when the workpiece is processed, the client can also operate normally, and the user can perform the next piece of code.
  • the testing and simulation, the modeling of the workpiece and other operations improve the processing efficiency of the entire CNC system.
  • the present invention gives the user a certain service operation authority, so the manufacturer only needs to configure the most basic functions for the user on the server (such as G code editing, UG simulation, Microsoft, etc.), and the user can Expand or tailor the software deployment of the server.
  • This operation is essentially performed on the server side. It does not change any configuration of the local CNC device, nor does it affect the stability of the CNC device.

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Abstract

一种数控系统，包括设置在本地的数控装置以及设置在远程的服务端，其与本地的数控装置网络互连，用于处理非实时性任务，包括G代码编程、译码、加工仿真，同时可实现加值功能；其中，所述服务端与数控装置通过安装在所述数控装置上的客户端实现互连，该客户端运行在数控装置系统上，其通过利用虚拟技术在数控装置的人交互设备上对服务器进行虚拟操作，实现在本地数控装置上对服务端的操作控制，进而两者完成协调配合实现数控加工控制。一种针对该系统的控制方法。可实现整个数控系统功能的多样化、弹性化、个性化配置，提高了数控系统的加工效率。

Description

一种基于虚拟化技术的数控系统及方法 [技术领域]
本发明属于数控系统技术领域，具体涉及一种基于虚拟化技术的数控系统及方法。
[背景技术]
数控机床是一种柔性的、高效能的、高精度的自动化机床，能较好地解决复杂、精密、小批量、多品种的零件加工问题，一般由数控系统、机床主体和其他辅助装置等组成。数控系统是整个数控机床的核心，集位置(轨迹)、速度、扭矩控制为一体，根据代码指令执行部分或全部数值控制功能，实现一台或多台机械设备的动作控制。如附图1所示，一般数控系统由输入/输出装置、数控装置、可编程控制器(PLC)、伺服系统、检测反馈装置等组成，其中数控装置是数控系统的中枢。
数控装置可以包括显示模块、输入/输出模块、译码器、运动规划器、轴运动控制器、存储器等。其中，显示模块是人机交互的重要媒介，它向用户提供一个直观的操作环境；输入/输出模块是数控装置与外界进行数据和信息交换的接口，包括数控加工程序、控制参数、补偿量等数据的输入以及伺服驱动、轨迹控制等信息的输出；译码器主要用于对数控加工程序的程序段进行译码处理；运动规划器主要完成速度处理以及插补运算；轴运动控制器是数控装置与伺服驱动系统的接口模块，主要负责位置控制；存储器负责零件加工程序、系统配置参数和系统固有数据等信息的存储。
在数控系统功能亟待灵活扩展的今天，当前数控系统普遍采用的是PC+NC的上下位机体系架构，如附图2所示，上位机与下位机都安装在机床旁边并通过总线相连，上位机(PC)为HMI，负责系统非实时性任务，下位机(NC)为NCU和PLC，负责系统实时性的运动控制和逻辑控制任务。这种数控系统已具备分布式的特点，在一定程度上支持用户的二次研 发和自主升级,既具有PC端的开放性，又具有控制端的开放性，而且上下位机结构的通信和控制也比较容易实现和维护。
但是，随着现在对数控系统智能化、多功能化的需求不断增加，对数控系统的硬件提出了更高的要求，特别是现在例如CAD、CAM、CAPP、CAE、PLM、MES和ERP等在数控加工中应用的各领域软件的功能越来越强大，运行时需要的计算机资源越来越多，对数控系统的内核和内存提出了更高的要求，如果以不断升级数控系统软硬件系统为代价来满足其智能化、多功能化的需求，一方面将会造成设计和制造成本、升级和使用成本急剧增加，数控系统的测试、研发和生产难度也会增大，另一方面也会导致数控系统的臃肿、可靠性降低。另外，这种体系结构下的数控系统各功能部件与其他数控系统之间是相互独立的，这种内部完全开放和外部相对封闭的软硬件体系结构越来越难以满足外部设备/软件和功能扩展的需求，而且构成了本地资源孤岛，使得数控系统与外部设备或软件的兼容性差，在一定程度上也限制了数控系统多功能化的实现。
目前这种体现结构的数控系统导致数控系统智能化技术难以适应日益复杂的制造过程，形成了数控系统向智能化、数字化、多功能化发展的主要瓶颈。
[发明内容]
针对现有技术的以上缺陷或改进需求，本发明提供了一种基于虚拟化技术的数控系统的功能扩展方法，其利用虚拟化技术，在本地数控装置上集成虚拟桌面，并将数控系统的功能扩展与开发任务移交至远程服务器，通过远程服务器与本地数控装置的交互实现本地数控装置无法支持的高端加值功能，以在实现车间数控资源高度共享的同时，使得数控系统可以适应智能化、多功能化的发展方向。
按照本发明的一个方面，提供一种基于虚拟化技术的数控系统，其通过远程服务器和本地数控装置配置形成的体系结构，并利用两者的交互完 成数控加工控制，其特征在于，该数控系统包括：
设置在本地的数控装置，其用于处理实时性任务，包括速度处理、插补运算、位置控制和在线检测，以及实现人机交互；以及
设置在远程的服务端，其与本地的数控装置网络互连，用于处理非实时性任务，包括G代码编程、译码、加工仿真，同时可实现加值功能，包括Microsoft/PDF查看、IE浏览、Winscp文件传输、数控代码质量分析与检测和数控代码样条拟合与优化中的一种或多种；
其中，所述服务端与数控装置通过安装在所述数控装置上的客户端实现互连，该客户端运行在数控装置系统上，其通过利用虚拟技术在数控装置的人交互设备(HMI)上对服务器进行虚拟操作，实现在本地数控装置上对服务端的操作控制，进而两者完成协调配合实现数控加工控制。
作为本发明的改进，所述客户端在人机交互设备(HMI)上对服务端进行虚拟操作的过程即是将服务端对应的操作界面图像传输到HMI上，并将对操作界面的操作以指令的方式发送至服务端，在服务端进行响应后将结果发送至HMI上进行更新显示，实现对服务端的本地化操作。
作为本发明的改进，所述图像的传输和显示的具体过程如下：先将所述待传输的图像进行压缩，再基于TCP/IP协议将压缩后的图像数据传送至数控装置，该数控装置接收到图像数据后，首先对其进行解压，然后根据解压后的图像数据刷新HMI界面。
作为本发明的改进，所述服务端可以是服务器/PC机，也可以是运行在服务器/PC机上的虚拟机，甚至可以是平板电脑等。
作为本发明的改进，所述服务端可与多台本地数控装置进行互联以进行交互、数控处理和/或资源共享。
作为本发明的改进，可通过安装在数控装置上的所述客户端对服务端的软件或功能进行扩展、裁剪和/或配置。
作为本发明的改进，所述客户端具有自适应屏的功能，其界面分辨率 可以根据本地人机交互界面(HMI)的屏幕尺寸大小自动调整。
本发明利用了虚拟化技术，构建了一种全新的基于虚拟桌面的数控系统体系架构，将数控系统对本地软硬件资源的需求转换为对服务端的需求，实现在不改变甚至降低数控系统软硬件配置的前提下，在服务端灵活扩展、裁剪、优化和配置数控系统的功能，从而使智能化功能软件的应用不再受本地资源的限制，实现资源的高度共享，同时简化本地数控装置，大幅度降低生产企业的成本，提高数控系统的可靠性。
本发明中，为本地数控装置搭建服务端环境，并在数控装置上部署本地瘦客户端，通过该客户端可以登录到服务端。操作人员对服务端的操作可直接在数控装置的人机交互界面(HMI)上进行，服务端在幕后提供应用服务，操作人员感觉不到服务端的存在，仿佛所有的操作都是在本地数控装置下完成的，实现远程操作的本地化。
在本发明提供的远程操作本地化的数控系统体系架构中，服务端不仅可以负责CAPP、CAD/CAM、CAE、PLM、MES和ERP等商业软件的安装、配置和运行，而且只要服务端软硬件资源可与支持，可以实现任何功能软件的扩展，如Microsoft/PDF、UG、Vericut、WinSCP等，可以向本地数控装置提供智能化G代码质量分析与优化、G代码的样条拟合与光顺、指令域代码质量分析与检测、Microsoft/PDF查看、IE浏览器等功能。
本发明中，可以将数控装置中原有的高存储量、高升级频率、高计算量的非实时性功能(如译码、机床防碰撞仿真等)移至服务端，一方面可以使这些功能软件的升级不再受本地资源限制，另一方面可以在提高其运算速度和精度的同时，简化本地装置，降低生产成本，提高数控系统的可靠性。
本发明中，优选可以赋予用户一定的服务端软件部署操作权限，允许用户根据需要自行灵活扩展、裁剪和配置服务端的软件部署，实现整个数控系统的个性化、弹性化、功能多样化配置。
本发明中的客户端安装在本地数控装置上，降低了数控系统对本地数控装置的CPU、内存、硬盘存储空间等要求，是本地数控装置和服务端实现信息交换的纽带，其开启或关闭可由操作人员自行控制，不会影响本地数控装置正常工作。该客户端具有自适应屏的功能，其界面分辨率可以根据本地人机交互界面(HMI)的屏幕尺寸大小自动调整。
本发明中的数控装置和服务端的通信采用了数据轻量化技术，降低了实时性信息交换对网络带宽的依赖程度。
总体而言，通过本发明所构思的以上技术方案与现有技术相比，具有以下有益效果：
(1)本发明提出了一种全新的数控装置体系架构，采用服务器加本地客户端的方式对数控系统进行布局，可以将数控装置中的非实时性功能以及功能扩展与开发任务集中到服务器端完成，通过远程交互实现本地数控装置无法支持的高端加值功能。
(2)本发明的上述体系架构，可以使得数控系统各功能部件与其他数控系统之间可以进行信息共享和分配，大大提高信息利用率以及数控系统与外部设备或软件的兼容性。
(3)本发明基于虚拟技术，通过在数控装置上设置客户端，利用所述客户端对服务器进行访问，模拟实现本地数控操作，从而可以在实现数控加工控制的同时提升数控系统的处理性能，满足设备/软件功能扩展需求。
(4)本发明利用虚拟化技术，打破数控系统的本地资源孤岛，可以解决当前数控系统架构严重制约数控系统向智能化、多功能化方向发展的问题。
[附图说明]
图1是现有技术中的数控系统与机床结构的结构示意图；
图2是目前主流数控系统的结构示意图，结构为上下位机，上位机为HMI，负责系统非实时性任务，下位机为NCU和PLC，负责系统实时性的运动控制和逻辑控制；
图3是按照本发明实施例的基于虚拟化技术的数控系统的结构示意图；
图4是按照本发明实施例的基于虚拟化技术的数控系统的本地数控装置与服务端完成服务交互(以G代码优化为例)的一个典型工作流程示意图。
图5是按照本发明实施例的基于虚拟化技术的数控系统在本地HMI上操作服务端虚拟桌面的流程示意图。
[具体实施方式]
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
虚拟化技术已得到了广泛应用。桌面虚拟化是一种基于服务器的计算模型，是计算机虚拟化技术中发展最快、最具应用前景的。桌面虚拟化是指将计算机或其虚拟机的桌面进行虚拟化，用户可以通过任何终端设备，不受地点和时间限制，访问网络上的桌面系统。近年来，虚拟化桌面系统已逐步应用于各领域，特别是教育、金融等行业应用最为广泛。通过桌面虚拟化，可以将传统的、静态的计算模式，转而迁移到动态的、灵活的、可扩展的基础架构，这种架构可轻松应对业务需求变化，还能够能大幅节约成本。虚拟化技术，特别是桌面虚拟化技术在数字化数控加工领域的应用将更大程度地推动数控技术向高端智能化方向的发展。
但是，因为数控加工的加工实时性、现场性、稳定可靠性以及硬件和软件系统上的专用性等特点，虚拟化桌面在数控加工技术领域无法直接应用，其在数控加工领域的应用中存在很多技术难点。
首先，直接在数控装置操作系统上开发虚拟化桌面，很容易影响整个数控系统的可靠性和稳定性，增加数控系统的故障率，这是虚拟化桌面在数控装置上得以广泛应用的最大瓶颈。其次，虚拟化桌面频繁的界面刷新会占用数控系统的有限的内存、计算等资源，间接影响数控系统的正常加工和加工效率。再次，虚拟桌面的刷新涉及服务端与客户端之间的实时图像数据的传输，实时图像数据的传输方式会使其占用很大的车间带宽，间接影响数控加工数据的上传与采集等的速率。最后，数控加工界面与虚拟桌面的自由切换以及数控加工与虚拟桌面同时运行的无缝集成也是数控领域引入虚拟桌面技术所面临的一个难题。
本发明提出的基于虚拟化技术以实现数控系统功能扩展的方法，采用Qt和帧缓存技术实现了数控装置与虚拟桌面的无缝集成，大幅度降低了虚拟桌面刷新对数控系统CPU的占用率，保证了数控系统的稳定性与可靠性。本发明在实时性图像数据的传输上采用了轻量化技术，降低了其对车间网络带宽的依赖。
本发明采用客户端+服务端的体系架构：服务端可以是服务器/PC机，也可以是运行在服务器/PC机上的虚拟机，甚至可以是平板电脑等，向本地数控装置“提供”应用服务；客户端是本地数控装置，向服务端“索取”应用服务。服务端与数控装置以本地瘦客户端为通信纽带，该客户端实质上是一个集成在数控装置操作系统的应用程序，对数控系统的软硬件资源要求很低，不需要执行安装，可直接启动运行，不会影响数控装置操作系统本身的稳定性和可靠性；该客户端采用了帧缓存技术，其运行只占用数控系统极少的内存及计算资源；通过该客户端可以在数控装置上打开并操作远程虚拟桌面，实现远程操作的本地化；同时，该客户端打破了图形桌面的束缚，不管数控装置操作系统有无图形桌面，其均可正常运行。为降低信息/数据交换对网络带宽的要求，本发明优选采用了数据轻量化技术。
在本发明实施例提供的一种基于虚拟化技术的数控系统的功能扩展方法中，操作人员可在服务端灵活扩展、裁剪和配置本地数控设备无法支持的功能软件，打破当前数控系统体系架构对其功能多样化的束缚，同时也可以将本地数控装置下的需要复杂运算和高内存要求的非实时性任务移至服务端，以简化本地数控装置，降低企业生产成本和数控系统测试难度。
本发明实例提供的一种典型模式如附图3所示：数控装置只负责人机交互和实时性任务，如速度处理、插补运算、位置控制、在线检测等；服务端除了负责提供数控系统需要而本地数控设备却无法支持的高端加值功能，如Microsoft/PDF查看、IE浏览器、Winscp文件传输、数控代码质量分析与检测、数控代码样条拟合与优化等，还负责数控装置原有的G代码编程、译码、加工仿真等非实时性任务。数控装置与与服务端通过运行在数控装置上的本地瘦客户端进行通信。默认情况下，该客户端处于关闭状态，当数控系统需要服务端的复杂/加值功能时，可通过数控装置面板上的按键打开该客户端，通过该客户端远程登录到服务端，并在通过服务端的认证后后获取到服务端的系统桌面信息，将其以“虚拟桌面”的方式重绘在HMI的界面上，数控系统的功能扩展、裁剪和优化配置以及服务端高端加值软件的操作使用都可通过该虚拟桌面进行的，如附图3中所示。
当需要远程对服务端进行操作时，首先通过瘦客户端由数控装置向服务端发送登录请求指令，服务端收到登录请求后将其系统桌面发送至数控装置，并显示在HMI上(覆盖数控加工界面)，操作人员便可在该虚拟桌面下进行需要的操作。从表面上来看，在虚拟桌面下的操作和响应都是在本地数控设备上实现的，感觉与传统的数控操作没有不同。但实际上，操作人员在HMI上操作的只是一张“图片”，该“图片”是服务端系统桌面的屏幕拷贝。对“图片”的操作都以“指令”的形式发送至服务端，服务端按照“指令”进行相应的动作响应，并将响应的结果以“像素信息”的 方式发送至数控装置，数控装置根据“像素信息”对HMI上的虚拟桌面进行即时更新，典型的数据交换流程如图5所示。
由上所述，本发明中数控装置与服务端之间存在实时的图像数据传输。一般而言，目前商用局域网的带宽应付数控相关的数据传输应该绰绰有余，而实时性图像数据的传输就对网络带宽提出了更高的要求。为了解决这个问题，本发明在实时性图像数据的传输上采用了数据轻量化技术：服务端对图像(即系统桌面)数据进行压缩，并将压缩后的图像数据传送至数控装置，数控装置接收到图像数据后，首先对其进行解压，然后根据解压后的图像数据刷新HMI界面。数据轻量化技术的使用降低了实时性图像数据的传输对网络带宽的依赖，使目前一般商用局域网的带宽可以满足本发明的要求。
本发明中的瘦客户端集成有文件传输的功能，数控装置与服务端的很多服务交互都是以文件传输的方式进行，以G代码优化加工为例(为了更能清楚的表达本发明的文件交互方式，此处假设G代码的编辑是在本地数控装置上完成)，一个典型的工作过程如下(见附图4)：
(1)在本地数控装置上完成G代码的编辑，并将其以文本文件的方式存储到本地；
(2)打开本地瘦客户端，从数控装置登录到服务端，将服务端的系统桌面以“虚拟桌面”的方式显示在HMI，并覆盖数控加工界面；
(3)利用瘦客户端集成的文件传输功能，将G代码文本文件上传至服务端；
(4)在虚拟桌面下操作服务端，使用服务端的G代码优化软件G代码的优化，并将优化后的G代码也以文本文件的方式存储至服务端；
(5)同样利用瘦客户端集成的文件传输功能，将优化后的G代码文件下载至数控装置；
(6)关闭虚拟桌面，退出瘦客户端应用程序，并恢复数控装置的数控加 工界面；
(7)数控装置根据优化后的G代码进行数控加工。
本发明中的瘦客户端提供自适应屏的功能，即启动客户端时，客户端可以根据HMI屏幕的尺寸自动调整自身界面的大小，以达到最佳的显示效果，同时该动作并不会影响服务端系统桌面的分辨率。
本发明中的瘦客户端可实现数控加工界面与虚拟桌面可一键自由切换，不会影响数控加工过程，甚至在加工工件的同时，该客户端亦可正常运行，用户便可进行下一段代码的测试与仿真，工件的建模等操作，提高整个数控系统的加工效率。
服务端的软硬件环境搭建还存在一个问题：一方面生产厂商不可能在产品出厂时为某一个用户配置其将来可能会需要的所有功能软件，另一方面每个用户的需求也不尽相同，而且同一个用户在不同阶段所需要的功能也不一样，如果为每一个用户分别“量身定制”特定的软件环境或者服务端的任何部署变动都需要厂家处理，那么不仅会给用户带来极大的不便，也会降低厂家的生产效率，提高售后服务成本。为了避免以上问题，本发明赋予用户一定的服务端操作权限，那么生产厂家就只需要在服务端为用户配置最基本的功能(如G代码编辑、UG仿真、Microsoft等)，用户可根据需要自行扩展或裁剪服务端的软件部署，该操作实质上都是在服务端进行的，不会更改本地数控设备的任何配置，也不会影响数控装置的稳定性。
本领域的技术人员容易理解，以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种基于虚拟化技术的数控系统，其通过远程服务器和本地数控装置配置形成体系结构，并利用两者的交互完成数控加工控制，其特征在于，该数控系统包括：
    设置在本地的数控装置，其用于处理实时性任务，包括速度处理、插补运算、位置控制和在线检测，以及实现人机交互；以及
    设置在远程的服务端，其与本地的数控装置网络互连，用于处理非实时性任务，包括G代码编程、译码、加工仿真，同时可实现加值功能，包括Microsoft/PDF查看、IE浏览、Winscp文件传输、数控代码质量分析与检测和数控代码样条拟合与优化中的一种或多种；
    其中，所述服务端与数控装置通过安装在所述数控装置上的客户端实现互连，该客户端运行在数控装置系统上，其通过利用虚拟技术在数控装置的人机交互设备(HMI)上对服务器进行虚拟操作，实现在本地数控装置上对服务端的操作控制，进而两者完成协调配合实现数控加工控制。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于虚拟化技术的数控系统，其中，所述客户端在人机交互设备(HMI)上对服务端进行虚拟操作的过程即是将服务端对应的操作界面图像传输到HMI上，并将对操作界面的操作以指令的方式发送至服务端，在服务端进行响应后将结果发送至HMI上进行更新显示，实现对服务端的本地化操作。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种基于虚拟化技术的数控系统，其中，所述图像的传输和显示的具体过程如下：先将所述待传输的图像进行压缩，再基于TCP/IP协议将压缩后的图像数据传送至数控装置，该数控装置接收到图像数据后，首先对其进行解压，然后根据解压后的图像数据刷新HMI界面。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的一种基于虚拟化技术的数控系统， 其中，所述服务端可以是服务器/PC机，也可以是运行在服务器/PC机上的虚拟机，甚至可以是平板电脑。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的一种基于虚拟化技术的数控系统，其中，所述服务端可与多台本地数控装置进行互联以进行交互、数控处理和/或资源共享。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的一种基于虚拟化技术的数控系统，其中，可通过安装在数控装置上的所述客户端对服务端的功能进行扩展、裁剪和/或配置。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的一种基于虚拟化技术的数控系统，其中，所述客户端具有自适应屏的功能，其界面分辨率可以根据本地人机交互界面(HMI)的屏幕尺寸大小自动调整。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的一种基于虚拟化技术的数控系统，其中，在数控装置的人交互设备(HMI)上对服务器的虚拟操作可以与所述数控机床的工件加工同时进行。
  9. 一种基于虚拟化技术的数控系统控制方法，其中该数控系统通过远程服务器和本地数控装置配置形成的体系结构，并利用两者的交互完成数控加工控制，其特征在于，对该数控系统控制方法包括：
    在本地设置用于处理实时性任务，包括速度处理、插补运算、位置控制和在线检测，以及实现人机交互的数控装置；以及
    在远程设置与本地的数控装置网络互连的服务端，其用于处理非实时性任务，包括G代码编程、译码、加工仿真，同时可实现加值功能，包括Microsoft/PDF查看、IE浏览、Winscp文件传输、数控代码质量分析与检测和数控代码样条拟合与优化中的一种或多种；
    在所述数控装置上安装并运行客户端，使得所述服务端与数控装置通过安装在所述数控装置上的客户端实现互连，并通过利用虚拟技术在数控装置的人交互设备(HMI)上对服务器进行虚拟操作，实现在本地数控装 置上对服务端的操作控制，进而两者完成协调配合实现数控加工控制。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种基于虚拟化技术的数控系统，其中，所述客户端在人机交互设备(HMI)上对服务端进行虚拟操作的过程即是将服务端对应的操作界面图像传输到HMI上，并将对操作界面的操作以指令的形式发送至服务端，在服务端进行响应后将结果发送至HMI上进行更新显示，实现对服务端的本地化操作。
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