WO2016035701A1 - 心拍検出方法および心拍検出装置 - Google Patents
心拍検出方法および心拍検出装置 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/024—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate
- A61B5/0245—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate by using sensing means generating electric signals, i.e. ECG signals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/024—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate
- A61B5/02405—Determining heart rate variability
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
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- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
- A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
- A61B5/318—Heart-related electrical modalities, e.g. electrocardiography [ECG]
- A61B5/346—Analysis of electrocardiograms
- A61B5/349—Detecting specific parameters of the electrocardiograph cycle
- A61B5/352—Detecting R peaks, e.g. for synchronising diagnostic apparatus; Estimating R-R interval
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
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- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7235—Details of waveform analysis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7271—Specific aspects of physiological measurement analysis
- A61B5/7278—Artificial waveform generation or derivation, e.g. synthesising signals from measured signals
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a heartbeat detection method and a heartbeat detection apparatus for extracting biological information such as a heartbeat interval (RR interval) from an electrocardiogram waveform.
- a heartbeat interval RR interval
- ECG Electrocardiogram
- an electrode is attached to the body surface and measured.
- ECG waveform induction methods that is, electrode arrangements using the extremities and the chest.
- leads V3 to V5 are electrodes arranged on the left chest.
- the electrodes are arranged at symmetrical positions of the left chest and the right chest.
- FIG. 9 shows an example of an ECG waveform.
- the vertical axis represents potential and the horizontal axis represents time.
- the ECG waveform is composed of a continuous heartbeat waveform, and one heartbeat waveform is composed of components such as a P wave, a Q wave, an R wave, an S wave, and a T wave that reflect the activities of the atrium and the ventricle.
- biological information such as the RR interval obtained from the ECG waveform is an index reflecting the function of the autonomic nerve. Taking an ECG waveform in daily life and analyzing heart rate variability data from the detected heart rate is useful for evaluating the autonomic nervous function.
- exercise load is estimated from heartbeat data during exercise and used for optimization or the like.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-78695 discloses a configuration for removing the perturbation of the baseline of the ECG waveform.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-561 discloses a configuration for recognizing an R wave with a threshold value based on the amplitude of a peak and a valley of a waveform.
- the heartbeat detection method as described above has the following problems.
- noise caused by body movement may be mixed in the ECG waveform.
- FIGS. 10 and 11 are diagrams for explaining conventional problems, where the horizontal axis represents time [ms] and the vertical axis represents a potential [arbitrary unit] replaced with a digital value.
- X in FIGS. 10 and 11 shows one example of sampling data of the ECG waveform
- R in the figures indicates an R wave to be detected as a heartbeat.
- the ECG waveforms in FIGS. 10 and 11 are the same.
- a standard ECG waveform pattern is observed after 21,000 ms, but noise is superimposed on the original ECG waveform before 21,000 ms. Even if an attempt is made to detect a heartbeat based on a threshold value for such an ECG waveform, it is difficult to set an appropriate threshold value due to large fluctuations in amplitude. In addition, when the threshold value is sequentially updated according to the peak value, the threshold value is raised in a portion including noise, and as a result, a heartbeat in a portion not including noise is missed.
- obtaining the change rate of the ECG waveform means taking a time difference of the ECG waveform.
- the DF in FIG. 10 plots the value obtained by subtracting the value 5 ms before the value after 5 ms, that is, the primary difference, for each time of the sampling data X of the ECG waveform.
- a steep change from an R wave to an S wave can be conspicuous and a heartbeat can be easily detected.
- N that is easily misidentified as a heartbeat is represented by N.
- FIG. 11 is a plot of values obtained by subtracting the value after 5 ms from the value after 5 ms, that is, the secondary difference, for each time of the primary difference value DF in FIG. Also in the secondary difference value DS of FIG. 11, in addition to the peak derived from the heartbeat, a peak due to noise that is easily mistaken for a heartbeat is included.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and a heart rate detection method and a heart rate detection apparatus capable of accurately detecting a heart rate and its time even from data in which noise due to body movement or the like is superimposed on an ECG waveform.
- the purpose is to provide.
- the method includes a peak detection step and a heartbeat time determination step in which the peak time of the multiplication value is a heartbeat time.
- the heartbeat detection device of the present invention includes a calculation unit that calculates a change amount or a degree of change of the sampling data for each sampling time from a sampling data string of the electrocardiogram waveform of the living body, and a change amount of the sampling data at the time K or
- a multiplication means for calculating a multiplication value obtained by multiplying the degree of change by the sampling data at the time K or the sampling data at a time that is a predetermined time t from the time K, and a peak of the multiplication value; It comprises a peak detecting means for detecting, and a heartbeat time determining means for setting the peak time of the multiplication value as a heartbeat time.
- the amount of change or the degree of change of sampling data is calculated for each sampling time from the sampling data string of the electrocardiogram waveform of the living body, the amount of change or the degree of change of the sampling data at time K, and the time K
- a peak of the multiplication value is detected, and the peak time of the multiplication value is calculated.
- the heartbeat time In the present invention, the peak component associated with the heartbeat can be emphasized, and the heartbeat can be accurately detected even from a sampling data string in which noise due to body movement or the like is superimposed on the electrocardiogram waveform.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the principle of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the principle of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the principle of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the principle of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the heartbeat detecting device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating the operations of the difference value calculation unit and the multiplication unit of the heartbeat detection device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart for explaining the operations of the peak detection unit and the heartbeat time determination unit of the heartbeat detection device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating another operation of the peak detection unit of the heartbeat detection device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of an electrocardiogram waveform.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a conventional problem.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining a conventional problem.
- FIGS. 1 to 4 are diagrams for explaining the principle of the present invention. 1 to 4, the horizontal axis represents time [ms], and the vertical axis represents potential [arbitrary unit] replaced with a digital value.
- FIG. 1 is an enlarged view of a part of FIG. It can be seen that the peak R1 of the R wave in FIG. 1 is 10 ms before the peak D1 of the primary difference value DF. Therefore, in order to emphasize the peaks R1 and D1 to each other, a data string obtained by multiplying the primary difference value DF, which is the difference value between the values before and after the sampling value X, and the sampling value 10 ms before the sampling value X is multiplied. Just keep track.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a part of FIG. It can be seen that the peak R1 of the R wave in FIG. 2 is at the same position as the peak D2 of the secondary difference value DS.
- FIG. 3 is a plot in which the primary difference value DF at each time in FIG. 10 and the sampling value X 10 ms before the time in FIG. 10 are multiplied for each time. According to FIG. 3, the peak M1 corresponding to the heartbeat is emphasized, while the noise between the heartbeats seen in FIG. 10 is reduced, and the peak M1 corresponding to the heartbeat can be detected based on the threshold Th.
- FIG. 4 is a plot in which the secondary difference value DS at each time in FIG. 11 and the sampling value X at the time in FIG. 11 are multiplied for each time. According to FIG. 4, it is understood that the noise is reduced as in FIG. 3, and the peak M ⁇ b> 2 corresponding to the heartbeat can be detected based on the threshold Th.
- the amount of change or the degree of change in the sampling value at a certain time and the sampling value at that time or the sampling value at a time that is a predetermined time t from that time.
- the peak time of the multiplication value is set as the heartbeat time.
- the ECG waveform sampling data string includes a peak component corresponding to the R wave for each heartbeat.
- the data sequence obtained by taking the time difference of the ECG waveform includes a peak component corresponding to a steep change between the R wave and the S wave for each heartbeat. That is, each of these data strings includes peak components derived from the same pulsation rhythm, and when these data strings are overlapped by shifting by a certain time width, these peak components are synchronized. Therefore, the peak component accompanying the heartbeat can be emphasized by multiplying both data strings under appropriate conditions.
- fluctuation components derived from noise such as body motion appear independently of the heartbeat, and tend to be roughly smoothed by multiplying the data string. As a result, only the heartbeat stands out. It can be easily detected.
- the primary difference value of the sampling value at a certain time K is a value obtained by subtracting the sampling value at the time (K ⁇ W) from the sampling value at the time (K + W) (W is, for example, 5 ms).
- the primary difference value When the amount of change in the sampling value at time K, that is, the primary difference value is used as a value to be multiplied with the sampling value, the primary difference value and the sampling value at the time (Kt) that is a predetermined time t from time K Is multiplied.
- the peak of the primary difference value appears approximately 10 to 12 ms after the R wave peak of the ECG waveform. Therefore, when the primary difference value is used, the predetermined time t may be 10 ms ⁇ t ⁇ 12 ms.
- the secondary difference value of the sampling value at time K is a value obtained by subtracting the primary difference value of the sampling value at time (K ⁇ W) from the primary difference value of the sampling value at time (K + W).
- the degree of change of the sampling value at time K that is, the secondary difference value is used as a value to be multiplied with the sampling value, that is, the secondary difference value and the sampling value at time K or the time (K The sampling value of -t) may be multiplied.
- the peak of the second order difference value appears approximately 0 to 1 ms after the R wave peak of the ECG waveform. Therefore, when the secondary difference value is used, the predetermined time t may be 0 ms ⁇ t ⁇ 1 ms.
- the ECG waveform R wave and S wave capture the current accompanying the potential change when ventricular muscle depolarization proceeds from the endocardium toward the epicardium. Therefore, the time interval between the peaks is generally constant.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the heartbeat detecting device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the heartbeat detection device includes an electrocardiograph 1, a storage unit 2, a difference value calculation unit 3 (calculation unit), a multiplication unit 4 (multiplication unit), a peak detection unit 5 (peak detection unit), and a heartbeat time determination.
- Unit 6 heart rate determination means.
- heartbeat detection method of this embodiment will be described.
- a procedure from detection of one heartbeat to calculation of the heartbeat time will be described.
- time-series data of the heartbeat time is sequentially obtained, and an index of heartbeat variability can also be calculated from the time-series data.
- a data string obtained by sampling the ECG waveform is X (i).
- a is an integer obtained by dividing half of the time interval (W described above) when obtaining the primary difference value of the sampling data X (i) by the sampling interval.
- b is an integer obtained by dividing a fixed time difference t provided when the sampling data X (i) and the primary difference value of the sampling data X (i) are multiplied by the sampling interval.
- Th is a threshold value for obtaining a peak of a multiplication value of the sampling data X (i) and the primary difference value of the sampling data X (i).
- the electrocardiograph 1 measures an ECG waveform of a living body (human body) (not shown) and outputs a sampling data string X (i) of the ECG waveform. At this time, the electrocardiograph 1 adds the sampling time information to each sampling data and outputs it. Since a specific method for measuring an ECG waveform is a well-known technique, detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the storage unit 2 stores the sampling data string X (i) of the ECG waveform output from the electrocardiograph 1 and information on the sampling time.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining the operations of the difference value calculation unit 3 and the multiplication unit 4.
- the difference value calculation unit 3 calculates the primary difference value (X (i + a) ⁇ X (ia)) of the sampling data X (i) at each sampling time (step S100 in FIG. 6).
- the multiplication unit 4 calculates the primary difference value (X (i + a) ⁇ X (ia)) of the sampling data X (i) and the sampling data X ( A multiplication value (X (i + a) ⁇ X (ia)) ⁇ X (ib) with i ⁇ b) is calculated for each sampling time (step S101 in FIG. 6).
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart for explaining the operations of the peak detection unit 5 and the heartbeat time determination unit 6.
- the peak detection unit 5 searches for a point where the multiplied value (X (i + a) ⁇ X (ia)) ⁇ X (ib) exceeds the threshold Th.
- the peak detector 5 sets a number (counter variable) i for sequentially reading the sampling data string X (i) to an initial value (here, n) (step S1 in FIG. 7).
- the peak detection unit 5 compares the multiplication value (X (i + a) ⁇ X (ia)) ⁇ X (ib) calculated by the multiplication unit 4 with the threshold value Th (step S2 in FIG. 7). ).
- step S2 If the multiplication value (X (i + a) ⁇ X (ia)) ⁇ X (ib) is smaller than the threshold Th in step S2, the peak detection unit 5 peaks the multiplication value near the time indicated by i. It moves to the procedure which specifies peak position after step S4.
- the peak detection unit 5 temporarily stores the peak value P by setting it to (X (i + a) ⁇ X (ia)) ⁇ X (ib) (step S4 in FIG. 7).
- a counter variable j for detecting the peak and a variable k indicating the peak position are set to 1 (step S5 in FIG. 7).
- the peak detection unit 5 compares the multiplication value (X (i + a + j) ⁇ X (ia ⁇ j + j)) ⁇ X (i ⁇ b + j) calculated by the multiplication unit 4 with the current peak value P (step S6 in FIG. 7).
- the multiplied value (X (i + a + j) ⁇ X (i ⁇ a + j)) ⁇ X (ib ⁇ j) is equal to or larger than the peak value P (no in step S6), the values of the peak value P and the variable k are changed. Without proceeding to step S9.
- the peak detection unit 5 sets the value of the peak value P to (X ( i + a + j) ⁇ X (i ⁇ a + j)) ⁇ X (i ⁇ b + j) and stored (step S7 in FIG. 7), the variable k is replaced with j (step S8 in FIG. 7), and the process proceeds to step S9.
- the peak detector 5 determines whether or not the counter variable j exceeds a predetermined value jmax that specifies a range for which a peak value is to be obtained.
- the peak detection unit 5 ends the search for the peak value P based on the counter variable j. At this time, the time of the latest peak value P, that is, the time indicated by (i + k) is a candidate for the heartbeat time.
- the heartbeat time determination unit 6 determines whether the detected heartbeat time is appropriate, selects it, and determines the heartbeat time. First, the heartbeat time determination unit 6 determines whether or not the time T indicated by (i + k) and the heartbeat time T ( ⁇ 1) detected immediately before are apart from each other by a certain time (step S11 in FIG. 7). Is not separated from the immediately preceding heartbeat time T (-1) by a certain time or more, the time T indicated by (i + k) is discarded without being adopted as the heartbeat time, and the process proceeds to step S3.
- the heartbeat time determination unit 6 determines that the heartbeat interval (T ⁇ T ( ⁇ 1) ) when the time T indicated by (i + k) is regarded as the heartbeat time is the previous heartbeat interval (T ( ⁇ 1) ⁇ T (-2) ), it is determined whether it has increased by more than a certain rate (step S12 in FIG. 7), and the rate of increase in heart rate interval (TT (-1) ) / (T (-1) -T (-2 ) ) Is greater than or equal to a certain value, it is assumed that the heartbeat interval has increased by a certain percentage or more, and the time T indicated by (i + k) is discarded without being adopted as the heartbeat time, and the process proceeds to step S3.
- the data obtained as the heartbeat interval of the heartbeat before and after that heartbeat is about twice as large as the actual one and is not suitable for use in the evaluation of autonomic nervous function.
- the heartbeat interval to be detected has not increased by a certain rate or more, erroneous data that fails to detect heartbeats can be excluded from the analysis target of biological information.
- the heartbeat time determination unit 6 determines that the time T indicated by (i + k) and the immediately preceding heartbeat time T ( ⁇ 1) are separated by a certain time or more, and the rate of increase in heartbeat interval (T ⁇ T ( ⁇ 1) ) / ( If T (-1) -T (-2) ) is less than a certain value, the time T indicated by (i + k) is adopted as the heartbeat time (step S13 in FIG. 7).
- the threshold Th may be sequentially updated based on the average of the peak values P so far.
- a flowchart in this case is shown in FIG.
- the peak detection unit 5 may update, as the latest threshold Th, a value obtained by multiplying the average value of the peak values P detected after the start of measurement by a predetermined coefficient r when the determination is YES in Step S9. (Step S14 in FIG. 8).
- (m ⁇ 1) peak values P have already been detected, and a total of m peak values P are obtained by newly detecting the peak value P. Therefore, the average value of the m peak values P is multiplied by the coefficient r. Note that the peak value determined as “no” in steps S11 and S12 is not used for calculating the threshold Th.
- the heartbeat detection method of the present embodiment can be remarkably effective when applied to ECG induction, for example, V3 to V5 induction ECG waveforms from which large R waves and deep S waves are obtained.
- ECG induction for example, V3 to V5 induction ECG waveforms from which large R waves and deep S waves are obtained.
- an accurate heartbeat time data string can be obtained, and a highly reliable index of heartbeat fluctuation can be obtained based on the data string.
- the multiplication unit 4 multiplies the sampling data X (i) by the secondary difference value (DF (i + a) ⁇ DF (ia)) and the sampling data X (i) (DF (i + a) ⁇ DF). (I ⁇ a)) ⁇ X (i), or secondary difference value (DF (i + a) ⁇ DF (ia)), and sampling data X at a time that is a predetermined time t behind the sampling data X (i) A multiplication value (DF (i + a) ⁇ DF (ia)) ⁇ X (ib) with (ib) is calculated at each sampling time (step S101 in FIG. 6).
- the multiplication value (X (i + a) ⁇ X (ia)) ⁇ X (ib) is expressed as (DF (i + a) ⁇ DF (ia)) ⁇ X ( i) or (DF (i + a) ⁇ DF (ia)) ⁇ X (ib), and the multiplication value (X (i + a + j) ⁇ X (ia ⁇ j)) ⁇ X (ib ⁇ j) is (DF (i + a + j) ⁇ DF (ia + j)) ⁇ X (i + j) or (DF (i + a + j) ⁇ DF (ia ⁇ j +)) ⁇ X (ib ⁇ j) may be replaced. In this way, the heartbeat can be detected using the secondary difference value of the sampling data.
- the storage unit 2, the difference value calculation unit 3, the multiplication unit 4, the peak detection unit 5, and the heartbeat time determination unit 6 described in this embodiment are a computer having a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a storage device, and an interface; It can be realized by a program for controlling these hardware resources.
- the CPU executes the processing described in this embodiment in accordance with a program stored in the storage device.
- the present invention can be applied to a technique for detecting a heartbeat of a living body.
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Abstract
Description
ECG波形から得られるR-R間隔などの生体情報は、自律神経の働きを反映する指標であることが知られている。日常生活の中でのECG波形をとり、検出した心拍から心拍変動のデータを解析することは、自律神経機能の評価に有用である。また、運動中の心拍データから運動負荷を推定し、その最適化等に活用するといった用途もある。
また、文献「“ECG Implementation on the TMS320C5515 DSP Medical Development Kit (MDK) with the ADS1298 ECG-FE”,Texas Instruments Incorporated,<http://www.ti.com/lit/an/sprabj1/sprabj1.pdf>,2011」には、ECG波形を時間差分した値の変化をもとにR-R間隔などを求める方法が記載されている。この心拍検出方法では、具体的には、(n+1)番目のサンプリング値と(n-1)番目のサンプリング値との差分の絶対値をとり、そのピークを閾値に基づいて検出し、2つのピークの時間幅をR-R間隔としている。
図1~図4は本発明の原理を説明する図である。図1~図4においても、横軸は時間[ms]、縦軸はデジタル値に置き換えられた電位[任意単位]を表している。
以下、本発明の実施例について図面を参照して説明する。図5は本発明の実施例に係る心拍検出装置の構成を示すブロック図である。心拍検出装置は、心電計1と、記憶部2と、差分値算出部3(算出手段)と、乗算部4(乗算手段)と、ピーク検出部5(ピーク検出手段)と、心拍時刻決定部6(心拍時刻決定手段)とを備えている。
記憶部2は、心電計1から出力されたECG波形のサンプリングデータ列X(i)とサンプリング時刻の情報とを記憶する。
乗算部4は、サンプリングデータX(i)の1次差分値(X(i+a)-X(i-a))と、サンプリングデータX(i)から所定時間tだけ遡った時刻のサンプリングデータX(i-b)との乗算値(X(i+a)-X(i-a))×X(i-b)をサンプリング時刻ごとに算出する(図6ステップS101)。
初めに、ピーク検出部5は、サンプリングデータ列X(i)を逐次読み出すための番号(カウンタ変数)iを初期値(ここではn)にセットする(図7ステップS1)。次に、ピーク検出部5は、乗算部4が算出した乗算値(X(i+a)-X(i-a))×X(i-b)と、閾値Thとを比較する(図7ステップS2)。
まず、心拍時刻決定部6は、(i+k)で示される時刻Tと直前に検出した心拍時刻T(-1)とが一定時間以上離れているかどうかを判定し(図7ステップS11)、時刻Tが直前の心拍時刻T(-1)と一定時間以上離れていない場合には、(i+k)で示される時刻Tを、心拍時刻として採用することなく廃棄して、ステップS3に移る。
本実施例の心拍検出方法に従えば、正確な心拍時刻のデータ列を得ることができ、そのデータ列を基に、信頼性の高い心拍変動の指標を得ることができる。
Claims (8)
- 生体の心電図波形のサンプリングデータ列から、サンプリングデータの変化量または変化の度合いをサンプリング時刻ごとに算出する算出ステップと、
時刻Kの前記サンプリングデータの変化量または変化の度合いと、当該時刻Kのサンプリングデータまたは当該時刻Kから所定時間tだけ遡った時刻のサンプリングデータとを乗算した乗算値を、サンプリング時刻ごとに算出する乗算ステップと、
前記乗算値のピークを検出するピーク検出ステップと、
前記乗算値のピークの時刻を心拍時刻とする心拍時刻決定ステップとを含むことを特徴とする心拍検出方法。 - 請求項1記載の心拍検出方法において、
前記ピーク検出ステップは、前記乗算値が閾値を下回り、かつピークとなる点を検出することを特徴とする心拍検出方法。 - 請求項2記載の心拍検出方法において、
前記ピーク検出ステップは、検出した乗算値のピークの平均に基づいて前記閾値を更新するステップを含むことを特徴とする心拍検出方法。 - 請求項1記載の心拍検出方法において、
前記心拍時刻決定ステップは、前記乗算値のピークの時刻と直前の心拍時刻とが一定時間以上離れているかどうかを判定し、直前の心拍時刻と一定時間以上離れていない場合には、前記乗算値のピークの時刻を心拍時刻として採用しないことを特徴とする心拍検出方法。 - 請求項1記載の心拍検出方法において、
前記心拍時刻決定ステップは、前記乗算値のピークの時刻を心拍時刻とみなした場合の心拍間隔が、直前の心拍間隔から一定割合以上増加していないかを判定し、心拍間隔が一定割合以上増加している場合には、前記乗算値のピークの時刻を心拍時刻として採用しないことを特徴とする心拍検出方法。 - 請求項1記載の心拍検出方法において、
前記サンプリングデータの変化量は、サンプリングデータの1次差分値であり、
前記乗算ステップは、時刻Kのサンプリングデータの1次差分値と、当該時刻Kから所定時間tだけ遡った時刻のサンプリングデータとを乗算した乗算値をサンプリング時刻ごとに算出し、
前記所定時間tは、10ms≦t≦12msであることを特徴とする心拍検出方法。 - 請求項1記載の心拍検出方法において、
前記サンプリングデータの変化の度合いを示す値は、サンプリングデータの2次差分値であり、
前記乗算ステップは、時刻Kのサンプリングデータの2次差分値と、当該時刻Kのサンプリングデータまたは当該時刻Kから所定時間tだけ遡った時刻のサンプリングデータとを乗算した乗算値をサンプリング時刻ごとに算出し、
前記所定時間tは、0ms<t≦1msであることを特徴とする心拍検出方法。 - 生体の心電図波形のサンプリングデータ列から、サンプリングデータの変化量または変化の度合いをサンプリング時刻ごとに算出する算出手段と、
時刻Kの前記サンプリングデータの変化量または変化の度合いと、当該時刻Kのサンプリングデータまたは当該時刻Kから所定時間tだけ遡った時刻のサンプリングデータとを乗算した乗算値を、サンプリング時刻ごとに算出する乗算手段と、
前記乗算値のピークを検出するピーク検出手段と、
前記乗算値のピークの時刻を心拍時刻とする心拍時刻決定手段とを備えることを特徴とする心拍検出装置。
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