WO2016031818A1 - 繰り返し耐久性に優れた伸縮性不織布 - Google Patents
繰り返し耐久性に優れた伸縮性不織布 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016031818A1 WO2016031818A1 PCT/JP2015/073874 JP2015073874W WO2016031818A1 WO 2016031818 A1 WO2016031818 A1 WO 2016031818A1 JP 2015073874 W JP2015073874 W JP 2015073874W WO 2016031818 A1 WO2016031818 A1 WO 2016031818A1
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- nonwoven fabric
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4391—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres
- D04H1/43914—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres hollow fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4391—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres
- D04H1/43918—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres nonlinear fibres, e.g. crimped or coiled fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
- D04H1/43825—Composite fibres
- D04H1/4383—Composite fibres sea-island
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4391—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres
- D04H1/43912—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres fibres with noncircular cross-sections
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2509/00—Medical; Hygiene
- D10B2509/02—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a stretchable nonwoven fabric that can be suitably used as a bandage or the like.
- the bandage is not only used to wrap around the application site such as the affected area and directly protect the application site, or to fix other protective members (gauze etc.) to the application site, but also to wrap around using the stretchability It is also used to stop bleeding at the wound by the pressure of time and to improve swelling by promoting blood flow.
- the elastic bandage is also expected to be applied to compression therapy in which treatment is performed by compressing the affected area. A typical example is treatment and improvement of lower limb varices.
- Non-woven fabric can be used for the elastic bandage.
- the nonwoven fabric is constituted by crimped fibers crimped in a coil shape, and the nonwoven fabric is given stretchability by providing an internal structure in which adjacent or intersecting crimped fibers are entangled by those crimped coil portions. It is possible to apply pressure when wrapping.
- Non-woven fabrics composed of crimped fibers are disclosed in, for example, JP-T-2006-507417 (Patent Document 1), International Publication No. 2008/015972 (Patent Document 2), and International Publication No. 2012/070556 (Patent Document 3). It is disclosed.
- An elastic bandage in particular, an elastic bandage (compression bandage) that utilizes a compression force at the time of winding that is expected to be used for a relatively long period of time (compression bandage) can be used repeatedly (for example, not disposable) (for example, Even after washing for a certain period of time, sufficient pressure can be applied and it can be reused without problems. For this reason, it is desirable that the non-woven fabric constituting the compression bandage is not deteriorated by repeated use, but the conventional stretchable nonwoven fabric has room for improvement in this respect.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a stretchable nonwoven fabric that has little deterioration in stretchability when repeatedly used, and has excellent repeated durability, and a bandage (such as a compression bandage) using the same.
- the present invention provides the following stretchable nonwoven fabric and bandage.
- a stretchable nonwoven fabric containing crimped fibers In a stress-strain curve by a tensile test in at least one direction in the plane direction, When the stress ⁇ (N / 50 mm) when the strain ⁇ is 20%, 30%, 55% and 65% is ⁇ 20 , ⁇ 30 , ⁇ 55 and ⁇ 65 respectively, the following formula: ( ⁇ 65 ⁇ 55 ) / ( ⁇ 30 ⁇ 20 ) ⁇ 2.5 Satisfies non-woven fabric.
- the crimped fiber is composed of a composite fiber in which a plurality of resins having different heat shrinkage rates form a phase structure, and is oriented substantially parallel to the plane direction, and has an average radius of curvature of 20 to
- the nonwoven fabric according to any one of [1] to [4], which is crimped substantially uniformly in the thickness direction at 200 ⁇ m.
- the elastic nonwoven fabric according to the present invention is a compressive force by wrapping, such as a bandage, in particular, an elastic bandage used for performing hemostasis of a wound part or the like or promoting blood flow, or a bandage for compression therapy. Can be suitably used for other bandages (compression bandages).
- FIG. 3 is a view showing a stress-strain curve of the stretchable nonwoven fabric obtained in Example 1.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing a stress-strain curve of the stretchable nonwoven fabric obtained in Example 2.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing a stress-strain curve of the stretchable nonwoven fabric obtained in Comparative Example 1.
- 6 is a diagram showing a stress-strain curve of the stretchable nonwoven fabric obtained in Comparative Example 2.
- FIG. 6 is a view showing a stress-strain curve of the stretchable nonwoven fabric obtained in Comparative Example 3.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing a stress-strain curve of the stretchable nonwoven fabric obtained in Example 1.
- the stretchable nonwoven fabric according to the present invention includes crimped fibers crimped into a coil shape, as will be described in detail later.
- the stretchable nonwoven fabric has a structure in which the crimped fibers constituting the stretched nonwoven fabric are mainly constrained or restrained by being entangled with each other by their crimped coil portions without substantially fusing. Yes.
- most (most) crimped fibers (axial direction of the crimped fibers) constituting this are oriented substantially parallel to the nonwoven fabric surface (sheet surface). is doing.
- orientated substantially parallel to the plane direction means that a number of crimped fibers (axial direction of the crimped fibers) are locally in the thickness direction, for example, entangled by a needle punch. This means a state in which the portion oriented along the line does not exist repeatedly.
- the stretchable nonwoven fabric according to the present invention preferably includes crimped fibers oriented in the plane direction (longitudinal direction) and crimped in a coil shape, and the crimped fibers adjacent or intersecting with each other are crimped.
- the coil part is entangled with each other.
- the crimped fibers are slightly entangled even in the thickness direction (or oblique direction) of the nonwoven fabric.
- the fibers are entangled in the process of contracting into a coil shape, and the crimped fibers are restrained by the entangled crimped coil portion.
- the stretchable nonwoven fabric according to the present invention is greatly extended in the plane direction (longitudinal direction) by the entangled crimped coil portion, rather than in the width direction or the thickness direction.
- the crimped fibers are preferably oriented in the surface direction and the longitudinal direction. Therefore, when tension is applied in the longitudinal direction, the entangled crimped coil portion is extended and returns to the original coil shape. Therefore, high stretchability can be exhibited in the surface direction and the longitudinal direction.
- flexibility in the thickness direction can be expressed by the slight entanglement of the crimped fibers in the thickness direction of a nonwoven fabric, Thereby, an elastic nonwoven fabric can have a favorable touch and texture.
- the crimped coil part is easily entangled with other crimped coil parts by contact with a certain pressure. Therefore, the stretchable nonwoven fabric according to the present invention can be excellent in self-adhesion.
- self-adhesiveness refers to a property that can be bound or latched by contact or entanglement by contact between nonwoven fabrics without using an adhesive or a stopper.
- the crimped fibers are preferably oriented in the plane direction and the longitudinal direction. Therefore, when tension is applied in the longitudinal direction, the entangled crimped coil part is expanded by elastic deformation, and when further tension is applied, it is expanded by plastic deformation. To do.
- the stretchable nonwoven fabric according to the present invention can be provided with a balance between stretchability and self-adhesiveness.
- the stretchable nonwoven fabric according to the present invention can have stretchability in the surface direction, preferably by arranging the coiled crimped fibers substantially parallel to the surface direction of the nonwoven fabric.
- the fiber when the fiber is stretched in the thickness direction, the fiber is relatively easily unwound, and thus does not exhibit stretchability (shrinkage) as seen in the surface direction.
- stretchability shrinkage
- the orientation of the fibers can be easily confirmed by observing the stretchability.
- the stretchable nonwoven fabric according to the present invention has a strain ⁇ (elongation) of 20%, 30%, 55% and 65% in a stress-strain curve (SS curve) in at least one direction in the plane direction.
- SS curve stress-strain curve
- the change amount of the stress ⁇ with respect to a constant strain change amount (that is, the rate of change in stress) changes remarkably greatly at or near the point where the strain ⁇ is approximately 50%.
- a stress-strain curve with a graded slope is shown so that the rate of stress change on the high-stress region side is 2.5 times or more based on the rate of stress change on the low-stress region side. ing.
- the nonwoven fabric exhibiting such a stress-strain curve having a gradual slope the deterioration of the stretch performance when repeatedly used is small (high repeatability), and specifically It became clear that the amount of strain change in the 20 N / 50 mm extension repeated test described later can be reduced.
- the left side of the above formula [1] is preferably 2.7 or more, more preferably 2.9 or more, and even more preferably 3.0. Or more, particularly preferably 3.5 or more, and most preferably 4.0 or more.
- the stress-strain characteristics before the stress change rate changes greatly are mainly based on the elastic deformation of the nonwoven fabric, and the stress-strain property after the stress change rate changes greatly (high stress region). Is mainly based on plastic deformation of the nonwoven fabric.
- the larger the left side of the above formula [1] that represents the ratio of the stress change rate on the high stress region side and the stress change rate on the low stress region side the larger the 20 N / 50 mm extension repeated test. It has become clear that it is advantageous in reducing the amount of change in distortion.
- the upper limit value on the left side of the formula [1] is not particularly limited. However, the left side of the formula [1] is usually 50 or less, and more typically 25 or less.
- the above “at least one direction in the plane direction” can be, for example, a flow direction (MD) of a manufacturing process, and can be a longitudinal direction when a longitudinal direction is formed, for example, as a bandage.
- the stress-strain curve is measured by a tensile test according to JIS L 1913 “General Nonwoven Test Method”.
- the stretchable nonwoven fabric has low strain (elongation) when stretched with a certain stress in the high stress region (plastic deformation region) in the stress-strain curve so that it can exhibit excellent repeated durability.
- the stress ⁇ 80 when the strain ⁇ (elongation) is 80% in the stress-strain curve is preferably 20 N / 50 mm or more, and preferably 30 N / 50 mm or more. More preferably, it is 40 N / 50 mm or more.
- the breaking strength in at least one direction in the plane direction is preferably 40 N / 50 mm or more, and more preferably 60 N / 50 mm or more (for example, 80 N / 50 mm or more).
- the breaking strength is within the above range, it is advantageous for enhancing the strength, stretchability, and repeated durability of the nonwoven fabric.
- the breaking strength is preferably 200 N / 50 mm or less, and more preferably 180 N / 50 mm or less. .
- the “at least one direction in the plane direction” is the same direction as the direction satisfying the formula [1], and can be, for example, the MD direction, or has a longitudinal direction such as a bandage, for example. In the longitudinal direction.
- the breaking strength is measured by a tensile test according to JIS L 1913 “General nonwoven fabric test method”.
- a direction other than at least one direction in the plane direction for example, a direction (CD direction) orthogonal to the flow direction (MD) of the manufacturing process, or a width direction (short) when having a longitudinal direction such as a bandage.
- the breaking strength in the hand direction may be relatively small, for example, 0.05 to 50 N / 50 mm, preferably 0.1 to 45 N / 50 mm, more preferably about 0.5 to 30 N / 50 mm.
- the elongation at break in at least one direction in the plane direction is preferably 90% or more, more preferably 100% or more, and further preferably 120% or more. It is advantageous for improving the stretchability of the nonwoven fabric that the breaking elongation is in the above range. Moreover, when using a nonwoven fabric as a bandage, followable
- the elongation at break in at least one direction in the plane direction is usually 500% or less, preferably 350% or less.
- the “at least one direction in the plane direction” is the same direction as the direction satisfying the formula [1], and can be, for example, the MD direction, or has a longitudinal direction such as a bandage, for example. In the longitudinal direction.
- the breaking elongation is also measured by a tensile test according to JIS L 1913 “General Nonwoven Test Method”.
- Direction other than at least one direction in the plane direction for example, a direction (CD direction) orthogonal to the flow direction (MD) of the manufacturing process, or a width direction (short direction) when having a longitudinal direction such as a bandage
- the elongation at break can be, for example, about 50 to 500%, preferably about 100 to 350%.
- the recovery rate after 50% elongation (recovery rate after 50% elongation) in at least one direction in the plane direction is preferably 70% or more (100% or less), and more preferably 80% or more. And more preferably 85% or more.
- the elongation recovery rate is in this range, the followability to elongation is improved.
- the fixing force due to friction corresponds to the recovery stress as a whole and exhibits a behavior similar to that of increasing the basis weight.
- the “at least one direction in the plane direction” is the same direction as the direction satisfying the formula [1], and can be, for example, the MD direction, or has a longitudinal direction such as a bandage, for example. In the longitudinal direction.
- the recovery rate after 50% elongation is the residual strain (%) after the test when the load was removed immediately after the elongation rate reached 50% in the tensile test according to JIS L 1913 "General nonwoven fabric test method".
- Direction other than at least one direction in the plane direction for example, a direction (CD direction) orthogonal to the flow direction (MD) of the manufacturing process, or a width direction (short direction) when having a longitudinal direction such as a bandage
- the recovery rate after 50% elongation in (1) can be, for example, 70% or more (100% or less), preferably about 80% or more.
- the stretchable nonwoven fabric according to the present invention preferably has a basis weight of 90 g / m 2 or more, more preferably 95 g / m 2 or more.
- the thickness is, for example, 0.2 to 5 mm, preferably 0.3 to 3 mm, and more preferably about 0.4 to 2 mm. When the basis weight and thickness are in this range, the balance between the stretchability and flexibility (or cushioning properties) of the nonwoven fabric is good.
- the density (bulk density) of the stretchable nonwoven fabric depends on the values of the basis weight and thickness, and is, for example, about 0.01 to 0.5 g / cm 3 , more typically 0.03 to 0.3 g / cm. It may be about 3 .
- the air permeability of the stretchable nonwoven fabric is 0.1 cm 3 / cm 2 ⁇ sec or more as measured by the Frazier method, for example, 1 to 500 cm 3 / cm 2 ⁇ sec, preferably 5 to 300 cm 3 / cm 2 ⁇ sec. More preferably, it is about 10 to 200 cm 3 / cm 2 ⁇ sec. When the air permeability is in this range, it is more suitable for the application used for the human body such as a bandage.
- the stretchable nonwoven fabric according to the present invention includes crimped fibers crimped into a coil shape.
- the crimped fibers are preferably oriented mainly in the surface direction of the nonwoven fabric, and preferably crimped substantially uniformly in the thickness direction.
- the external shape of the stretchable nonwoven fabric can be selected according to the application, but is usually a rectangular sheet shape such as a tape shape or a belt shape (long shape).
- the crimped fiber can be composed of a composite fiber in which a plurality of resins having different thermal shrinkage rates (or thermal expansion rates) form a phase structure.
- the composite fiber constituting the crimped fiber is a fiber having an asymmetric or layered (so-called bimetal) structure that causes crimping by heating due to the difference in thermal shrinkage rate (or thermal expansion rate) of a plurality of resins Crimped fiber).
- a plurality of resins usually have different softening points or melting points.
- the plurality of resins include, for example, polyolefin resins (low density, medium density or high density polyethylene, poly C 2-4 olefin resins such as polypropylene); acrylic resins (such as acrylonitrile-vinyl chloride copolymer) Acrylonitrile resins having acrylonitrile units); polyvinyl acetal resins (polyvinyl acetal resins, etc.); polyvinyl chloride resins (polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymers, vinyl chloride-acrylonitrile copolymers, etc.); Polyvinylidene chloride resin (vinylidene chloride-vinyl chloride copolymer, vinylidene chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, etc.); Styrene resin (heat resistant polystyrene, etc.); Polyester resin (polyethylene terephthalate resin, polytrimethylene terephthalate resin, poly Butylene TV
- the plurality of resins are non-wet heat adhesive resins (or heat-resistant hydrophobic resins having a softening point or melting point of 100 ° C. or higher because the fibers do not melt and soften even when heat-treated with high-temperature steam.
- non-aqueous resins for example, polypropylene resins, polyester resins, and polyamide resins are preferred, and aromatic polyester resins and polyamide resins are particularly preferred from the viewpoint of excellent balance of heat resistance and fiber-forming properties.
- at least the resin exposed on the surface of the composite fiber is a non-wet heat adhesive fiber so that the fiber does not melt even when the composite fiber (latent crimped fiber) constituting the stretchable nonwoven fabric is treated with high-temperature steam. .
- the plurality of resins constituting the composite fiber may have different heat shrinkage rates, and may be a combination of resins of the same system or a combination of different resins.
- the plurality of resins constituting the composite fiber are preferably a combination of resins of the same system.
- a combination of a component (A) that forms a homopolymer (essential component) and a component (B) that forms a modified polymer (copolymer) is usually used.
- the homopolymer which is an essential component, is crystallized more than the homopolymer by, for example, copolymerizing and modifying a copolymerizable monomer that lowers the crystallinity, melting point, or softening point. The melting point or the softening point may be lowered as compared with the homopolymer.
- a difference can be provided in the heat shrinkage rate by changing the crystallinity, the melting point or the softening point.
- the difference in melting point or softening point can be, for example, about 5 to 150 ° C., preferably 40 to 130 ° C., more preferably about 60 to 120 ° C.
- the ratio of the copolymerizable monomer used for modification is, for example, 1 to 50 mol%, preferably 2 to 40 mol%, more preferably 3 to 30 mol% (particularly 5 to 20 mol%).
- the mass ratio of the component forming the homopolymer and the component forming the modified polymer can be selected according to the structure of the fiber.
- the homopolymer component (A) / modified polymer component (B) It is about 90/10 to 10/90, preferably 70/30 to 30/70, more preferably about 60/40 to 40/60.
- the conjugate fiber is a combination of an aromatic polyester resin, in particular, a combination of a polyalkylene arylate resin (a) and a modified polyalkylene arylate resin (b).
- the polyalkylene arylate resin (a) comprises an aromatic dicarboxylic acid (such as a symmetric aromatic dicarboxylic acid such as terephthalic acid or naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid) and an alkanediol component (such as ethylene glycol or butylene glycol). C 2-6 alkanediol and the like).
- a poly C 2-4 alkylene terephthalate resin such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) is used, and generally a general viscosity with an intrinsic viscosity of about 0.6 to 0.7 is used. PET used for PET fibers is used.
- the copolymer component that lowers the melting point or softening point and crystallinity of the polyalkylene arylate resin (a), which is an essential component is, for example, an asymmetric aromatic dicarboxylic acid.
- examples include dicarboxylic acid components such as acids, alicyclic dicarboxylic acids, and aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, and alkanediol components and / or ether bond-containing diol components having a chain length longer than the alkanediol of the polyalkylene arylate resin (a). It is done.
- a copolymerization component can be used individually or in combination of 2 or more types.
- dicarboxylic acid components asymmetric aromatic dicarboxylic acids (isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid, etc.), aliphatic dicarboxylic acids (C 6-12 aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as adipic acid) Acid) and the like, and as a diol component, alkanediol (C 3-6 alkanediol such as 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, etc.), Polyoxyalkylene glycols (polyoxy C 2-4 alkylene glycols such as diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, and polytetramethylene glycol) are widely used.
- alkanediol C 3-6 alkanediol such as 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanedio
- modified polyalkylene arylate resin (b) may be an elastomer having a C 2-4 alkylene arylate (ethylene terephthalate, butylene terephthalate, etc.) as a hard segment and (poly) oxyalkylene glycol or the like as a soft segment. .
- the proportion of the dicarboxylic acid component (such as isophthalic acid) for decreasing the melting point or softening point is the same as that of the dicarboxylic acid component constituting the modified polyalkylene arylate resin (b).
- the proportion of the dicarboxylic acid component (such as isophthalic acid) for decreasing the melting point or softening point is the same as that of the dicarboxylic acid component constituting the modified polyalkylene arylate resin (b).
- it is about 1 to 50 mol%, preferably 5 to 50 mol%, more preferably about 15 to 40 mol%, based on the total amount.
- the ratio of the diol component (for example, diethylene glycol etc.) for lowering the melting point or the softening point is, for example, 30 mol% or less with respect to the total amount of the diol component constituting the modified polyalkylene arylate resin (b), Preferably, it is 10 mol% or less (for example, about 0.1 to 10 mol%). If the ratio of the copolymer component is too low, sufficient crimps are not expressed, and the form stability and stretchability of the nonwoven fabric after crimps are reduced. On the other hand, if the proportion of the copolymer component is too high, the crimping performance will be high, but it will be difficult to spin stably.
- the ratio of the copolymer component for example, diethylene glycol etc.
- the modified polyalkylene arylate resin (b) is a polyvalent carboxylic acid component such as trimellitic acid or pyromellitic acid, a polyol component such as glycerin, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, or pentaerythritol, if necessary. May be included as a monomer component.
- the cross-sectional shape (cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fiber) of the composite fiber is a general solid cross-sectional shape, such as a round cross-section or an irregular cross-section (flat, elliptical, polygonal, 3-14 leaf, T Shape, H-shape, V-shape, dogbone (I-shape), etc.], and may be a hollow cross-section, but is usually a round cross-section.
- phase structure formed of a plurality of resins, for example, a core-sheath type, a sea-island type, a blend type, a parallel type (side-by-side type or multilayer bonding type), a radial type (radial bonding type) ), Hollow radiation type, block type, random composite type and the like.
- a structure in which the phase portions are adjacent is adjacent (so-called bimetal structure) or a structure in which the phase structure is asymmetric, for example, an eccentric core-sheath type or a parallel type structure is preferable because it is easy to cause spontaneous crimping by heating.
- the core part Is a wet heat adhesive resin (for example, a vinyl alcohol polymer such as ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer or polyvinyl alcohol) or a thermoplastic resin having a low melting point or softening point (for example, polystyrene or low density polyethylene). It may be comprised.
- a wet heat adhesive resin for example, a vinyl alcohol polymer such as ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer or polyvinyl alcohol
- a thermoplastic resin having a low melting point or softening point for example, polystyrene or low density polyethylene
- the average fineness of the composite fiber can be selected from a range of, for example, about 0.1 to 50 dtex, preferably 0.5 to 10 dtex, more preferably 1 to 5 dtex (particularly 1.5 to 3 dtex). If the fineness is too small, it is difficult to produce the fiber itself, and it is difficult to secure the fiber strength. Moreover, it becomes difficult to express a beautiful coiled crimp in the step of expressing crimp. On the other hand, if the fineness is too large, the fiber becomes stiff and it is difficult to express sufficient crimp.
- the average fiber length of the composite fiber can be selected from a range of, for example, about 10 to 100 mm, preferably 20 to 80 mm, more preferably about 25 to 75 mm (particularly 40 to 60 mm). If the fiber length is too short, formation of the fiber web becomes difficult, and when crimps are expressed, the entanglement between the crimped fibers becomes insufficient, and it becomes difficult to ensure the strength and stretchability of the nonwoven fabric. . In addition, if the fiber length is too long, it becomes difficult to form a fiber web having a uniform basis weight, and many entanglements between fibers appear at the time of web formation, and they interfere with each other when crimps are developed. It becomes difficult to develop stretchability.
- the average fiber length is in the above range, a part of the fibers crimped on the surface of the stretchable nonwoven fabric is appropriately exposed on the surface of the nonwoven fabric, so that the self-adhesive property of the stretchable nonwoven fabric can be improved.
- the above-mentioned composite fiber is a latent crimped fiber, and when subjected to heat treatment, the crimp is expressed (or becomes manifest) and becomes a fiber having a substantially coiled (spiral or helical spring-like) three-dimensional crimp.
- the number of crimps before heating is, for example, about 0 to 30 pieces / 25 mm, preferably about 1 to 25 pieces / 25 mm, and more preferably about 5 to 20 pieces / 25 mm.
- the number of crimps after heating is, for example, 30 pieces / 25 mm or more (for example, 30 to 200 pieces / 25 mm), preferably 35 to 150 pieces / 25 mm, and more preferably about 40 to 120 pieces / 25 mm. It may be about 120/25 mm (especially 50-100 / 25 mm).
- the crimped fibers are preferably crimped substantially uniformly in the thickness direction, that is, the crimps of the composite fiber are preferably expressed substantially uniformly in the thickness direction.
- the number of fibers forming one or more coil crimps in the central portion (inner layer) of each region divided in three in the thickness direction is preferably 5 -50 pieces / 5 mm (length in the surface direction) .0.2 mm (thickness), more preferably 10-50 pieces / 5 mm (face direction) .0.2 mm (thickness), more preferably 20-50 pieces / 5 mm. (Surface direction) ⁇ 0.2 mm (thickness).
- region divided into three in the thickness direction means each region divided into three equal parts by slicing in a direction orthogonal to the thickness direction of the stretchable nonwoven fabric.
- the fact that crimps are uniform in the thickness direction can also be evaluated by the uniform fiber curvature.
- the fiber curvature is the ratio (L2 / L1) of the fiber length (L2) to the distance (L1) at both ends of the crimped fiber, and the fiber curvature (particularly the fiber curvature in the central region in the thickness direction) is: For example, it is 1.3 or more (for example, 1.35 to 20), preferably 2 to 10 (for example, 2.1 to 9.5), more preferably about 4 to 8 (especially 4.5 to 7.5).
- the fiber length (L2) is a fiber that is linearly drawn by stretching the three-dimensionally crimped fiber. It does not mean the length (actual length), but means the fiber length (fiber length on the photograph) obtained by stretching the two-dimensionally crimped fibers shown in the photograph into a straight line. Therefore, the fiber length (L2) is measured shorter than the actual fiber length.
- the fiber curvature is uniform in the thickness direction.
- the uniformity of the fiber curvature can be evaluated by comparing the fiber curvature in each layer divided in three in the thickness direction in the cross section in the thickness direction. That is, in the cross section in the thickness direction, the fiber curvature rate in each region divided in three in the thickness direction is in the above range, and the ratio of the minimum value to the maximum value of the fiber curvature rate in each region (the fiber curvature rate is the maximum).
- the ratio of the minimum area to the above area is, for example, about 75% or more (for example, 75 to 100%), preferably about 80 to 99%, more preferably about 82 to 98% (especially 85 to 97%).
- a method of measuring the fiber curvature for a region selected from each region divided into three equal parts in the thickness direction by taking a cross-section of the stretchable nonwoven fabric with an electron micrograph Is used is used.
- the area to be measured is an area of 2 mm or more in the longitudinal direction with respect to each of the surface layer (surface area), inner layer (center area), and back layer (back area) divided into three equal parts.
- the thickness direction of each measurement region is set so that each measurement region has the same thickness width in the vicinity of the center of each layer.
- Each measurement region includes 100 or more (preferably about 300 or more, more preferably about 500 to 1000) fiber pieces that are parallel in the thickness direction and capable of measuring the fiber curvature in each measurement region.
- the crimped fiber constituting the stretchable nonwoven fabric has a substantially coil-shaped crimp after the crimp is developed.
- the average radius of curvature of the circle formed by the coil of crimped fibers can be selected from the range of, for example, about 10 to 250 ⁇ m, preferably 20 to 200 ⁇ m (for example, 50 to 200 ⁇ m), more preferably 50 to 160 ⁇ m (for example, 60 to 150 ⁇ m), more preferably about 70 to 130 ⁇ m.
- the average radius of curvature is an index that represents the average size of a circle formed by a coil of crimped fibers. If this value is large, the formed coil has a loose shape, in other words, the number of crimps.
- the average coil pitch (average crimped pitch) is, for example, about 0.03 to 0.5 mm, preferably about 0.03 to 0.3 mm, and more preferably about 0.05 to 0.2 mm.
- the average pitch is excessively large, the number of coil crimps that can be expressed per fiber is reduced, and sufficient stretchability cannot be exhibited.
- the average pitch is excessively small, the entangled crimped fibers are not sufficiently entangled, making it difficult to ensure the strength of the nonwoven fabric.
- the stretchable nonwoven fabric (fiber web) may contain other fibers (non-composite fibers) in addition to the above composite fibers.
- Non-composite fibers include, for example, cellulosic fibers [for example, natural fibers (cotton, wool, silk, hemp, etc.), semi-synthetic fibers, in addition to the above-described non-wet heat adhesive resins or fibers composed of wet heat adhesive resins.
- Fiber acetate fiber such as triacetate fiber
- regenerated fiber rayon, polynosic, cupra, lyocell (for example, registered trademark name: “Tencel” etc.)] and the like.
- the average fineness and average fiber length of the non-composite fibers are the same as those of the composite fibers.
- Non-composite fibers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- recycled fibers such as rayon, semi-synthetic fibers such as acetate, polyolefin fibers such as polypropylene fibers and polyethylene fibers, polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, and the like are preferable.
- the same type of fiber as the composite fiber is preferable.
- the non-composite fiber can also be a polyester fiber.
- the balance between the strength and elasticity or flexibility of the stretchable nonwoven fabric can be adjusted.
- the proportion of the composite fiber is too small, it is difficult to recover the shape of the stretchable nonwoven fabric because the non-composite fiber becomes a resistance to contraction when the composite fiber expands and contracts after the onset of crimping, particularly when contracting after stretching. It becomes.
- Stretch nonwoven fabric is a conventional additive, for example, a stabilizer (a heat stabilizer such as a copper compound, an ultraviolet absorber, a light stabilizer, an antioxidant, etc.), an antibacterial agent, a deodorant, and a fragrance. , Colorants (dyeing pigments, etc.), fillers, antistatic agents, flame retardants, plasticizers, lubricants, crystallization rate retarders, and the like.
- a stabilizer a heat stabilizer such as a copper compound, an ultraviolet absorber, a light stabilizer, an antioxidant, etc.
- the stretchable nonwoven fabric according to the present invention includes a step of forming a fiber containing the composite fiber (latent crimped fiber) (web forming step), a step of entanglement of fibers in the composite fiber web (entanglement step), and
- the composite fiber web can be suitably manufactured by a method including a step of heating the composite fiber and crimping the composite fiber (heating step).
- a conventional method for example, a spunbond method, a direct method such as a melt blow method, a card method using melt blow fibers or staple fibers, a dry method such as an air lay method, etc.
- a card method using melt blown fibers or staple fibers particularly a card method using staple fibers is widely used.
- webs obtained using staple fibers include random webs, semi-random webs, parallel webs, and cross-wrap webs.
- the entanglement method may be a method of mechanical entanglement, but a method of entanglement by spraying or spraying (spraying) water is preferable. Entangling fibers by water flow increases the density of entanglement due to crimping in the heating process, makes the fiber web wet, and more uniformly propagates water vapor inside the fiber web, yielding a nonwoven fabric that is excellent in repeated durability. This is advantageous.
- the water to be sprayed or sprayed may be sprayed from one side of the fiber web or may be sprayed from both sides, but it is preferable to spray from both sides in order to efficiently perform strong entanglement.
- the water ejection pressure in the entanglement step is, for example, 2 MPa or more (for example, 2 to 15 MPa), preferably 3 to 12 MPa, more preferably 4 to 10 MPa (particularly 5 to 8 MPa) so that the fiber entanglement is in an appropriate range. Degree.
- the temperature of the sprayed or sprayed water is, for example, about 5 to 50 ° C., preferably about 10 to 40 ° C., for example, about 15 to 35 ° C. (normal temperature).
- a method of injecting water using a nozzle having a regular spray area or a spray pattern is preferable from the viewpoint of simplicity and the like.
- water can be sprayed on the fiber web transported by the belt conveyor while being placed on the conveyor belt.
- the conveyor belt may be water-permeable, and water may be sprayed onto the fiber web by passing the water-permeable conveyor belt from the back side of the fiber web.
- the fiber web may be wetted with a small amount of water in advance.
- the nozzle for spraying or spraying water may be a plate or die in which predetermined orifices are continuously arranged in the width direction, and the orifices may be arranged in the width direction of the fiber web to be supplied. There may be one or more orifice rows, and a plurality of rows may be arranged in parallel. A plurality of nozzle dies having one orifice row may be installed in parallel.
- the thickness of the plate can be about 0.5 to 1.0 mm.
- the diameter of the orifice is usually about 0.01 to 2 mm, preferably about 0.05 to 1.5 mm, more preferably about 0.1 to 1.0 mm.
- the pitch of the orifices is usually about 0.1 to 2 mm, preferably about 0.2 to 1.5 mm, more preferably about 0.3 to 1 mm.
- the belt conveyor to be used is not particularly limited as long as it can be transported without disturbing the form of the fiber web, but an endless conveyor is preferably used. Only one belt conveyor may be used alone, or another belt conveyor may be combined as necessary, and the belt may be transported with a fiber web sandwiched between both belts. In particular, in the next heating step of fixing the fiber web in the final form, the fiber web may be sandwiched using a set of belts to adjust the density of the fiber web. By carrying in this way, when the fiber web is processed, the form of the carried web is prevented from being deformed by external forces such as water for entanglement, high-temperature steam in the heating process, vibration of the conveyor, etc. it can.
- the distance between the belts may be appropriately selected depending on the desired basis weight and density of the fiber web, and is, for example, about 1 to 10 mm, preferably 1 to 8 mm, more preferably about 1 to 5 mm. is there.
- the endless belt used for the conveyor is not particularly limited as long as it does not interfere with the water for transporting and entanglement of the fiber web, and the high-temperature steam treatment in the heating process.
- a net of about 10 to 80 mesh is preferable.
- a fine net with a mesh larger than this has low air permeability, and it becomes difficult for water for entanglement and water vapor in the next process to pass through.
- the material of the belt is not particularly limited, but the material of the belt used in the heating process is a metal, a heat-treated polyester resin, a polyphenylene sulfide resin, a polyarylate resin (totally aromatic resin) Heat-resistant resins such as aromatic polyester resins).
- the belt used for the conveyor may be the same for the entanglement process using a water flow or the like and the heating process using high-temperature steam. However, since adjustment is required for each process, a separate conveyor is usually used.
- a step of unevenly distributing the fibers in the fiber web in the plane (unevenly distributed step).
- a region where the fiber density is sparse is formed in the fiber web, so that when the entanglement step is hydroentanglement, the water flow is efficiently injected into the fiber web.
- the uneven distribution process can be performed by spraying or jetting low-pressure water onto the fiber web.
- Spraying or spraying low pressure water onto the fibrous web may be continuous, but is preferably sprayed intermittently or periodically.
- By spraying water on the fiber web intermittently or periodically, a plurality of low density portions and a plurality of high density portions can be alternately formed periodically.
- the water ejection pressure in this uneven distribution step is desirably as low as possible, for example, about 0.1 to 1.5 MPa, preferably about 0.3 to 1.2 MPa, and more preferably about 0.6 to 1.0 MPa.
- the temperature of the sprayed or sprayed water is, for example, about 5 to 50 ° C., preferably about 10 to 40 ° C., for example, about 15 to 35 ° C. (normal temperature).
- the method for spraying or spraying water intermittently or periodically is not particularly limited as long as it is a method capable of alternately and periodically forming a density gradient on the fiber web.
- a method of injecting water through the formed plate-like material (perforated plate or the like) having a regular spray area or spray pattern is preferable.
- the fiber web obtained in the web forming step is sent to the next step by a belt conveyor, and then placed on the conveyor belt, and a drum (perforated plate drum) configured with a perforated plate You may pass between belts.
- the conveyor belt may be water permeable, and when the fiber web passes between the perforated plate drum and the belt, the water is sprayed at the above pressure so that it passes through the fiber web from the inside of the drum and the conveyor belt. Can be ejected.
- the fiber which comprises the fiber web on a conveyor belt can be moved to the non-spraying area
- the arrangement or arrangement structure of the holes in the perforated plate is not particularly limited.
- a structure in which the holes are alternately arranged in a mesh shape or a lattice shape (staggered shape) may be used.
- the hole diameter of each hole is usually formed in the same size, for example, 1 to 10 mm, preferably about 1.5 to 5 mm.
- the pitch of adjacent holes is usually the same length, for example, about 1 to 5 mm, preferably about 1.5 to 3 mm.
- the pore diameter is too small, the amount of flowing water is reduced, and thus the fibers of the fiber web may not be moved.
- the hole diameter is too large, it is necessary to widen the pitch in order to secure the form of the drum, resulting in a portion where the fiber web does not come into contact with water, resulting in uneven quality and difficult uniform processing. It becomes.
- the pitch of the holes is too small, it is inevitably necessary to reduce the hole diameter, and the amount of water cannot be secured.
- the pitch is too wide, a portion where water does not come into contact with the fiber web is formed, and quality unevenness is likely to occur.
- the fiber web in which the fibers are appropriately entangled is sent to the next process by a belt conveyor and is heated and crimped with high-temperature steam.
- the fiber web sent by the belt conveyor is exposed to a high-temperature or superheated steam (high-pressure steam) flow, causing the composite fibers (latent crimped fibers) to exhibit coil crimping, and stretching.
- high-pressure steam high-pressure steam
- the composite fiber moves while changing its shape into a coil shape due to the appearance of crimps, and the three-dimensional entanglement between the fibers appears. Since the fiber web is breathable, high-temperature water vapor penetrates into the inside even if it is processed from one direction, and a substantially uniform crimp is developed in the thickness direction, and the fibers are entangled uniformly. To do.
- the fiber web after the entanglement process is subjected to high temperature steam treatment by a belt conveyor, but the fiber web shrinks simultaneously with the high temperature steam treatment. Therefore, it is desirable that the fibrous web to be supplied is over-feed according to the area shrinkage rate of the target nonwoven fabric immediately before being exposed to high-temperature steam.
- the overfeed ratio is about 110 to 300%, preferably about 120 to 250%, with respect to the length of the target nonwoven fabric.
- a conventional water vapor jet apparatus In order to supply water vapor to the fiber web, a conventional water vapor jet apparatus is used.
- this water vapor spraying device a device capable of spraying water vapor almost uniformly over the entire width of the fiber web at a desired pressure and amount is preferable.
- a steam spraying device is installed in one conveyor, and steam is supplied to the fiber web through a water-permeable conveyor belt or a conveyor net placed on the conveyor.
- a suction box may be attached to the other conveyor. Excess water vapor that has passed through the fiber web may be sucked and discharged by the suction box, but in order to bring the water vapor into sufficient contact with the fiber web and more efficiently develop the fiber crimp that is generated by this heat.
- the fiber in the fiber web that is the object to be processed enters the fiber web without largely moving. It is considered that the water vapor flow effectively covers the surface of each fiber existing in the fiber web and allows uniform heat crimping by the invasion action of the water vapor flow into the fiber web. Moreover, since heat can be sufficiently conducted to the inside of the fiber web as compared with the dry heat treatment, the degree of crimping in the surface direction and the thickness direction becomes substantially uniform.
- the nozzle for injecting high-temperature steam is also a plate or die in which predetermined orifices are continuously arranged in the width direction, and the orifice in the width direction of the fiber web to be supplied is the same as the nozzle for water entanglement. May be arranged in a line. There may be one or more orifice rows, and a plurality of rows may be arranged in parallel. A plurality of nozzle dies having one orifice row may be installed in parallel.
- the thickness of the plate may be about 0.5 to 1.0 mm.
- the orifice diameter and pitch are not particularly limited as long as the desired crimp expression and the fiber entanglement associated with the expression can be efficiently realized, but the orifice diameter is usually 0.05 to 2 mm, preferably Is about 0.1 to 1 mm, more preferably about 0.2 to 0.5 mm.
- the pitch of the orifices is usually about 0.5 to 5 mm, preferably about 1 to 4 mm, more preferably about 1 to 3 mm. If the diameter of the orifice is too small, an operational problem that clogging is likely to occur is likely to occur.
- the high-temperature steam used is not particularly limited as long as the desired fiber crimp expression and appropriate fiber entanglement associated therewith can be realized, and may be set according to the material and form of the fiber used.
- the pressure is about 1 to 2 MPa, preferably about 0.2 to 1.5 MPa, more preferably about 0.3 to 1 MPa.
- the fibers forming the fiber web may move more than necessary to cause formation disturbance or the fibers may be entangled more than necessary. In extreme cases, the fibers are fused together, making it difficult to ensure stretchability.
- the temperature of the high temperature steam is, for example, about 70 to 150 ° C, preferably about 80 to 120 ° C, more preferably about 90 to 110 ° C.
- the processing speed of the high-temperature steam is, for example, 200 m / min or less, preferably 0.1 to 100 m / min, and more preferably about 1 to 50 m / min.
- the nonwoven fabric may be dried as necessary.
- drying it is necessary that the fibers on the surface of the nonwoven fabric in contact with the heating element for drying are not fused by the heat of drying to reduce the stretchability, and a conventional method can be used as long as the stretchability can be maintained.
- a large dryer such as a cylinder dryer or tenter used for drying nonwoven fabrics may be used, but the remaining moisture is very small and can be dried by a relatively light drying means. Therefore, a non-contact method such as far-infrared irradiation, microwave irradiation, or electron beam irradiation, a method of blowing hot air, or a method of passing through hot air is preferable.
- the obtained non-woven fabric is wetted with water in the production process and exposed to a high-temperature steam atmosphere. That is, since the nonwoven fabric of the present invention is subjected to the same treatment as that of washing, the adhering matter to the fibers such as spinning oil is washed. Therefore, the stretchable nonwoven fabric of the present invention is hygienic and exhibits high water repellency.
- a crimped fiber (composite fiber) is extracted from a non-woven fabric with care not to stretch the coil crimp, and in the same manner as the measurement of the number of mechanical crimps, JIS L 1015 “Chemical fiber staple test method” ”(8.12.1). In addition, this measurement was performed only about the fiber in which the coiled crimp was expressed.
- the major axis and minor axis of the ellipse Only the ellipse whose ratio is in the range of 0.8 to 1.2 was measured.
- Fiber bending rate and uniformity of crimped fibers Take an electron micrograph (magnification x 100 times) in an arbitrary cross section of the nonwoven fabric, and in the portion where the photographed fibers are projected, the thickness direction , The measurement area was set so as to be divided into three equal parts of the surface layer, the inner layer, and the back layer, and in the vicinity of the center of each layer, 500 mm or more of crimpable fibers having a longitudinal direction of 2 mm or more were included. . For these regions, the distance between the ends of the crimped fiber and the other end (the shortest distance) is measured, and the fiber length of the crimped fiber (fiber length on the photograph) is further determined. It was measured.
- the end of the crimped fiber when the end of the crimped fiber is exposed on the nonwoven fabric surface, the end is used as it is as an end for measuring the distance between the ends, and when the end is embedded in the nonwoven fabric,
- the boundary part (end part on the photograph) embedded in the nonwoven fabric was used as the end part for measuring the distance between the end parts.
- a fiber image that cannot be confirmed to be continuous over 100 ⁇ m or more was excluded from measurement.
- fiber curvature was computed from ratio (L2 / L1) of the fiber length (L2) of the composite fiber with respect to the distance (L1) between edge parts.
- the average value of the fiber curvature was calculated for each of the surface layer, inner layer, and back layer divided into three equal parts in the thickness direction, and the uniformity of the fiber curvature in the thickness direction was calculated from the ratio of the maximum value and the minimum value of each layer.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a method for measuring the fiber curvature of a photographed crimped fiber.
- FIG. 1A shows a crimped fiber having one end exposed on the surface and the other end buried in the nonwoven fabric.
- the distance L1 between the ends is the end of the crimped fiber. This is the distance from the part to the boundary part embedded in the nonwoven fabric.
- the fiber length L2 is a length obtained by two-dimensionally stretching the fiber of the portion where the crimped fiber can be observed (the portion from the end of the crimped fiber to being embedded in the nonwoven fabric).
- FIG.1 (b) has shown the composite fiber which both ends were embed
- the distance L1 between edge parts is the distance of the both ends (both ends on a photograph) in the part exposed on the nonwoven fabric surface.
- the fiber length L2 is a length obtained by two-dimensionally stretching the crimped fibers exposed on the nonwoven fabric surface on the photograph.
- Breaking strength and breaking elongation Measured according to JIS L 1913 "General nonwoven fabric test method". The breaking strength and breaking elongation were measured in the nonwoven fabric flow (MD) direction and width (CD) direction.
- a polyethylene terephthalate resin [component (A)] having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.65 and a modified polyethylene terephthalate resin [component (B)] obtained by copolymerizing 20 mol% of isophthalic acid and 5 mol% of diethylene glycol are used.
- Constructed side-by-side type composite staple fiber [manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., “PN-780”, 1.7 dtex ⁇ 51 mm length, mechanical crimp number 12/25 mm, 130 ° C. ⁇ 62 minutes after heat treatment for 1 minute] / 25 mm).
- PN-780 1.7 dtex ⁇ 51 mm length, mechanical crimp number 12/25 mm, 130 ° C. ⁇ 62 minutes after heat treatment for 1 minute
- This card web is moved on a conveyor net, passed between a perforated plate drum with holes (circular shape) in a zigzag pattern with a diameter of 2 mm ⁇ and a pitch of 2 mm, and from the inside of the perforated plate drum toward the web and the conveyor net. Then, a water flow was sprayed at 0.8 MPa in the form of a spray to carry out an uneven distribution step of periodically forming low density regions and high density regions of fibers.
- this fiber web was transferred to the heating step while overfeeding the web to about 150% so as not to inhibit the shrinkage in the heating step with the next steam.
- the same belt was equipped in the upper part of the belt of this belt conveyor, each rotated in the same direction at the same speed, and the belt conveyor which can adjust the space
- the fiber web is introduced into a water vapor jetting device provided in the belt conveyor, and 0.4 MPa water vapor is jetted perpendicularly to the fiber web from the water vapor jetting device to perform the water vapor treatment, thereby forming a coil of latent crimped fibers.
- the fibers were entangled to obtain a nonwoven fabric.
- a nozzle was installed in one conveyor so as to spray steam toward the fiber web through a conveyor belt, and a suction device was installed in the other conveyor. However, this suction was not activated.
- the hole diameter of the steam spray nozzle is 0.3 mm, and an apparatus in which the nozzles are arranged in a line at a pitch of 2 mm along the conveyor width direction was used.
- the processing speed was 10 m / min, and the distance between the nozzle and the conveyor belt on the suction side was 10 mm.
- the obtained non-woven fabric has self-adhesiveness, stretches well in both the MD direction and the CD direction, stretches lightly to the extent that it does not break, and immediately returns to its original shape when the stress is released. .
- the evaluation results of the obtained nonwoven fabric are shown in Table 1.
- each fiber was oriented substantially parallel to the surface direction of the nonwoven fabric and crimped substantially uniformly in the thickness direction. It was.
- Example 2 A card web having a basis weight of 78.4 g / m 2 was obtained by the card method using 100% by mass of the same side-by-side type composite staple fiber used in Example 1. A stretchable nonwoven fabric was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this card web was used.
- the obtained non-woven fabric has self-adhesiveness, stretches well in both the MD direction and the CD direction, stretches lightly to the extent that it does not break, and immediately returns to its original shape when the stress is released. .
- the evaluation results of the obtained nonwoven fabric are shown in Table 1.
- each fiber was oriented substantially parallel to the surface direction of the nonwoven fabric and crimped substantially uniformly in the thickness direction. It was.
- Example 1 A card web having a basis weight of 25.7 g / m 2 was obtained by the card method using 100% by mass of the same side-by-side type composite staple fiber used in Example 1. A stretchable nonwoven fabric was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this card web was used and the entanglement step was not performed after the card web was used.
- the obtained non-woven fabric had stretchability and self-adhesiveness but was inferior in breaking strength. Further, in the 20 N / 50 mm elongation repeated test, the nonwoven fabric sample was broken, so that the strain ⁇ and the strain change amount could not be measured. When the surface of the obtained nonwoven fabric and the cross section in the thickness direction were observed with an electron microscope (100 times), each fiber was oriented substantially parallel to the surface direction of the nonwoven fabric and crimped substantially uniformly in the thickness direction. It was.
- a stretchable nonwoven fabric was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this card web was used and the entanglement step was not performed after the card web was used.
- the obtained nonwoven fabric had stretchability and self-adhesiveness, but had low breaking strength and repeated durability, and the stretchability was likely to be lowered by repeated use.
- the surface of the obtained nonwoven fabric and the cross section in the thickness direction were observed with an electron microscope (100 times), each fiber was oriented substantially parallel to the surface direction of the nonwoven fabric and crimped substantially uniformly in the thickness direction. It was.
- 30% by mass of the core-sheath type composite staple fiber and 70% by mass of the same side-by-side type composite staple fiber used in Example 1 were used to obtain a card web having a basis weight of 65.8 g / m 2 .
- a stretchable nonwoven fabric was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this card web was used and the entanglement step was not performed after the card web was used.
- the obtained nonwoven fabric had stretchability and self-adhesiveness, but had low breaking strength and repeated durability, and the stretchability was likely to be lowered by repeated use.
- the surface of the obtained nonwoven fabric and the cross section in the thickness direction were observed with an electron microscope (100 times), each fiber was oriented substantially parallel to the surface direction of the nonwoven fabric and crimped substantially uniformly in the thickness direction. It was.
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Abstract
Description
[1]捲縮繊維を含む伸縮性不織布であって、
面方向における少なくとも一方向についての引張試験による応力-歪み曲線において、
歪みεが20%、30%、55%及び65%であるときの応力σ(N/50mm)をそれぞれσ20、σ30、σ55及びσ65とするとき、下記式:
(σ65-σ55)/(σ30-σ20)≧2.5
を満たす、不織布。
[4]面方向における少なくとも一方向についての引張試験による破断強度が40N/50mm以上である、[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載の不織布。
(1)伸縮性不織布の特性
本発明に係る伸縮性不織布は、後で詳述するように、コイル状に捲縮した捲縮繊維を含んで構成される。伸縮性不織布は、これを構成する各捲縮繊維が実質的に融着することなく、主として、捲縮繊維が互いにそれらの捲縮コイル部で絡み合って拘束又は掛止された構造を有している。また本発明に係る伸縮性不織布において、好ましくは、これを構成する殆ど(大部分)の捲縮繊維(捲縮繊維の軸芯方向)は、不織布面(シート面)に対して略平行に配向している。本願明細書において「面方向に対して略平行に配向している」とは、例えばニードルパンチによる交絡のように、局部的に多数の捲縮繊維(捲縮繊維の軸芯方向)が厚み方向に沿って配向している部分が繰り返し存在しない状態を意味する。
(σ65-σ55)/(σ30-σ20)≧2.5 [1]
を満たすものである。
50%伸長後回復率(%)=100-X
で定義される。
上述のように、本発明に係る伸縮性不織布は、コイル状に捲縮した捲縮繊維を含む。捲縮繊維は、好ましくは、主に不織布の面方向に配向しており、また好ましくは、厚み方向において略均一に捲縮している。伸縮性不織布の外部形状は用途に応じて選択できるが、通常、テープ状又は帯状(長尺状)のような矩形シート状である。捲縮繊維は、熱収縮率(又は熱膨張率)の異なる複数の樹脂が相構造を形成した複合繊維で構成することができる。
本発明に係る伸縮性不織布は、上記複合繊維(潜在捲縮繊維)を含む繊維をウェブ化する工程(ウェブ化工程)と、複合繊維ウェブ中の繊維を絡合させる工程(絡合工程)と、複合繊維ウェブを加熱して複合繊維を捲縮させる工程(加熱工程)とを含む方法によって好適に製造することができる。
JIS L 1015「化学繊維ステープル試験方法」(8.12.1)に準じて測定した。
不織布から捲縮繊維(複合繊維)を、コイル捲縮を引き伸ばさないよう注意しながら抜き取り、機械捲縮数の測定と同様に、JIS L 1015「化学繊維ステープル試験方法」(8.12.1)に準じて測定した。なお、本測定はコイル状の捲縮が発現している繊維のみについて行った。
平均コイル捲縮数の測定時に、連続して隣り合うコイル間の距離を測定し、n数=100の平均値として示した。
走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)を用いて、不織布の任意の断面を100倍に拡大した写真を撮影した。撮影した不織布断面写真に写っている繊維の中で、1周以上の螺旋(コイル)を形成している繊維について、その螺旋に沿って円を描いたときの円の半径(コイル軸方向から捲縮繊維を観察したときの円の半径)を求め、これを曲率半径とした。なお、繊維が楕円状に螺旋を描いている場合は、楕円の長径と短径との和の1/2を曲率半径とした。ただし、捲縮繊維が充分なコイル捲縮を発現していない場合や、繊維の螺旋形状が斜めから観察されることにより楕円として写っている場合を排除するために、楕円の長径と短径との比が0.8~1.2の範囲に入る楕円だけを測定対象とした。平均曲率半径は、n数=100の平均値として求めた。
不織布の任意の断面における電子顕微鏡写真(倍率×100倍)を撮影し、撮影された繊維の映し出された部分において、厚み方向において、表層、内層、裏層の3つの領域に三等分し、各層の中心付近において、長手方向2mm以上で、かつ測定可能な捲縮繊維が500本以上含まれるように測定領域を設定した。これらの領域について、その捲縮繊維の一方の端部ともう一方の端部との端部間距離(最短距離)を測定し、さらにその捲縮繊維の繊維長(写真上の繊維長)を測定した。すなわち、捲縮繊維の端部が不織布表面に露出している場合は、その端部をそのまま端部間距離を測定するための端部とし、端部が不織布内部に埋没している場合は、不織布内部に埋没する境界部分(写真上の端部)を端部間距離を測定するための端部とした。このとき、撮影された捲縮繊維のうち、100μm以上に亘って連続していることが確認できない繊維像に関しては測定の対象外とした。そして、端部間距離(L1)に対するその複合繊維の繊維長(L2)の比(L2/L1)から、繊維湾曲率を算出した。厚み方向に三等分した表層、内層、裏層ごとに繊維湾曲率の平均値を算出し、さらに、各層の最大値と最小値の割合から繊維湾曲率の厚み方向における均一性を算出した。
JIS L 1913「一般不織布試験方法」に準じて測定した。
JIS L 1913「一般不織布試験方法」に準じて厚みを測定し、この値と〔6〕の方法で測定した目付とから密度を算出した。
JIS L 1913「一般不織布試験方法」に準じて測定した。破断強度及び破断伸度は不織布の流れ(MD)方向及び幅(CD)方向について測定した。
JIS L 1913「一般不織布試験方法」に準拠する引張試験を実施し、下記式:
50%伸長後回復率(%)=100-X
に基づいて50%伸長後回復率を求めた。式中、Xは、引張試験において、伸び率が50%に到達した後すぐに荷重を除去したときの、試験後の残留歪み(%)である。50%伸長後回復率は、MD方向及びCD方向について測定した。
JIS L 1913「一般不織布試験方法」に準拠して、MD方向についての応力-歪み曲線を測定し、歪みε(伸度)20、30、55、65、80%における応力σ20、σ30、σ55、σ65及びσ80を求めた。図2~図6に、各実施例及び比較例で得られた応力-歪み曲線を示す。また、これらの応力値に基づいて、応力変化率の比(σ65-σ55)/(σ30-σ20)を算出した。
JIS L 1913「一般不織布試験方法」に準拠する引張試験において、応力が20N/50mmとなるようにMD方向へ伸長し、待ち時間なしで歪みを元の位置に戻す操作を連続して合計5回繰り返す試験を実施し、各回操作後の歪みε(%)を測定した。また、下記式:
歪み変化量=5回目の歪みε-1回目の歪みε
に従って、歪み変化量を算出した。
潜在捲縮性繊維として、固有粘度0.65のポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂〔成分(A)〕と、イソフタル酸20モル%及びジエチレングリコール5モル%を共重合した変性ポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂〔成分(B)〕とで構成されたサイドバイサイド型複合ステープル繊維〔(株)クラレ製、「PN-780」、1.7dtex×51mm長、機械捲縮数12個/25mm、130℃×1分熱処理後における捲縮数62個/25mm)を準備した。このサイドバイサイド型複合ステープル繊維を100質量%用いて、カード法により目付45.5g/m2のカードウェブとした。
実施例1で用いたのと同じサイドバイサイド型複合ステープル繊維を100質量%用いて、カード法により目付78.4g/m2のカードウェブとした。このカードウェブを用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして伸縮性不織布を作製した。
実施例1で用いたのと同じサイドバイサイド型複合ステープル繊維を100質量%用いて、カード法により目付25.7g/m2のカードウェブとした。このカードウェブを用いたこと、及び偏在化工程を実施した後、絡合工程を行わなかったこと以外は実施例1と同様にして伸縮性不織布を作製した。
実施例1で用いたのと同じサイドバイサイド型複合ステープル繊維を100質量%用いて、カード法により目付37.8g/m2のカードウェブとした。このカードウェブを用いたこと、及び偏在化工程を実施した後、絡合工程を行わなかったこと以外は実施例1と同様にして伸縮性不織布を作製した。
湿熱接着性繊維として、芯成分がポリエチレンテレフタレート、鞘成分がエチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体(エチレン含有量:44モル%、ケン化度:98.4モル%)である芯鞘型複合ステープル繊維〔(株)クラレ製、「S220」、3.3dtex×51mm長、芯鞘質量比=50/50、機械捲縮数:21個/25mm〕を準備した。この芯鞘型複合ステープル繊維を30質量%と、実施例1で用いたのと同じサイドバイサイド型複合ステープル繊維を70質量%用いて、カード法により目付65.8g/m2のカードウェブとした。このカードウェブを用いたこと、及び偏在化工程を実施した後、絡合工程を行わなかったこと以外は実施例1と同様にして伸縮性不織布を作製した。
Claims (6)
- 捲縮繊維を含む伸縮性不織布であって、
面方向における少なくとも一方向についての引張試験による応力-歪み曲線において、
歪みεが20%、30%、55%及び65%であるときの応力σ(N/50mm)をそれぞれσ20、σ30、σ55及びσ65とするとき、下記式:
(σ65-σ55)/(σ30-σ20)≧2.5
を満たす、不織布。 - 歪みεが80%であるときの応力σ80が20N/50mm以上である、請求項1に記載の不織布。
- 目付が90g/m2以上である、請求項1又は2に記載の不織布。
- 面方向における少なくとも一方向についての引張試験による破断強度が40N/50mm以上である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の不織布。
- 前記捲縮繊維は、熱収縮率の異なる複数の樹脂が相構造を形成した複合繊維で構成されており、面方向に対して略平行に配向しているとともに、平均曲率半径20~200μmで厚み方向において略均一に捲縮している、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の不織布。
- 包帯である、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の不織布。
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