WO2016024359A1 - リグニン抽出物を有効成分とする薬剤 - Google Patents
リグニン抽出物を有効成分とする薬剤 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016024359A1 WO2016024359A1 PCT/JP2014/071498 JP2014071498W WO2016024359A1 WO 2016024359 A1 WO2016024359 A1 WO 2016024359A1 JP 2014071498 W JP2014071498 W JP 2014071498W WO 2016024359 A1 WO2016024359 A1 WO 2016024359A1
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- cancer
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/96—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution
- A61K8/97—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution from algae, fungi, lichens or plants; from derivatives thereof
- A61K8/9755—Gymnosperms [Coniferophyta]
- A61K8/9767—Pinaceae [Pine family], e.g. pine or cedar
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/02—Inorganic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/96—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution
- A61K8/97—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution from algae, fungi, lichens or plants; from derivatives thereof
- A61K8/9783—Angiosperms [Magnoliophyta]
- A61K8/9789—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/96—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution
- A61K8/97—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution from algae, fungi, lichens or plants; from derivatives thereof
- A61K8/9783—Angiosperms [Magnoliophyta]
- A61K8/9794—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/02—Stomatological preparations, e.g. drugs for caries, aphtae, periodontitis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
- A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
- A61P31/16—Antivirals for RNA viruses for influenza or rhinoviruses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
- A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
- A61P31/18—Antivirals for RNA viruses for HIV
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/08—Antiallergic agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q11/00—Preparations for care of the teeth, of the oral cavity or of dentures; Dentifrices, e.g. toothpastes; Mouth rinses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q17/00—Barrier preparations; Preparations brought into direct contact with the skin for affording protection against external influences, e.g. sunlight, X-rays or other harmful rays, corrosive materials, bacteria or insect stings
- A61Q17/005—Antimicrobial preparations
Definitions
- This description relates to a drug containing a lignin extract as an active ingredient.
- the lignocellulosic material containing lignin and the black liquor that is the residue obtained by separating cellulose as the pulp raw material from the lignocellulosic material are not always used effectively, and the ratio of disposal as waste is not small. is there.
- Patent Document 1 a wrinkle improving agent and a stain improving agent containing a lignin extract extracted from a lignin-containing material by bringing metal ions into contact with the lignin-containing material are known.
- This specification provides new uses for lignin extracts.
- the present inventor has found that the lignin extract has new activities including antitumor action, antibacterial action and antiviral action. According to the present specification, the following means are provided.
- a cell growth inhibitor comprising, as an active ingredient, a lignin extract extracted by promoting decomposition of lignin in the lignin-containing material by bringing iron ions into contact with the lignin-containing material.
- a cell growth inhibitor according to (1) wherein the lignin extract is extracted from the lignin-containing material by fermenting the lignin material in the presence of iron ions.
- the cell growth inhibitor according to (5) wherein the cancer cell is a cell of one or more types of cancer selected from the group consisting of lung cancer, skin cancer, esophageal cancer and liver cancer.
- the cell growth inhibitor according to any one of (1) to (4) which inhibits the growth of microbial cells.
- the cell growth inhibitor according to (7) which has an antibacterial action against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria.
- the cell growth inhibitor according to any one of (1) to (4) which inhibits the growth of periodontal disease bacteria.
- a virus growth inhibitor comprising, as an active ingredient, a lignin extract extracted by accelerating the degradation of lignin in the lignin-containing material by bringing iron ions into contact with the lignin-containing material.
- A549 cell A549 cell
- the cell viability of A549 cells cultured with lignin extract added to the medium is shown on the upper side, and the cell viability of A549 cells cultured with Deferasirox added to the medium on the lower side.
- HLE cell liver cancer cell line
- Huh-7 cell a Deferasirox resistant liver cancer cell line
- the cell viability of Huh-7 cells cultured with Deferasirox added to the medium is shown on the upper side, and the cell viability of Huh-7 cells cultured with the lignin extract added to the medium on the lower side. It is a figure which shows the cell survival rate of the skin cancer (HMY-cell) which added and extracted the lignin extract in the culture medium. It is a spectrum figure which shows the result of GC-MS.
- the present specification relates to a drug containing, as an active ingredient, a lignin extract extracted from the lignin-containing material by bringing the lignin-containing material into contact with iron ions to promote the decomposition of the lignin (hereinafter, this lignin extract).
- This lignin extract has cell growth inhibitory action such as antitumor action and antibacterial action, virus growth inhibitory action and the like. That is, the drug disclosed herein is also used as an antitumor agent, antibacterial agent or antiviral agent.
- the present lignin extract binds to the iron ions to form a complex and consumes iron ions. As the lignin extract consumes iron, cell division is suppressed. Thereby, it is thought that a cell growth inhibitory effect is exhibited.
- Cancer cells require more iron because cell division is active. For this reason, this lignin extract can suppress the growth of tumor cells by the action of suppressing cell division. Thereby, it is thought that an anti-tumor effect is exhibited.
- the lignin extract is considered to exhibit a virus growth-inhibiting action.
- the lignin extract which is the active ingredient of this drug, is extracted from the lignin-containing material by bringing iron ions and the lignin-containing material into contact with each other in the presence of an aqueous medium to promote the degradation of the lignin in the lignin-containing material. Is done.
- the manufacturing method of this lignin extract (henceforth this lignin extract) is demonstrated.
- lignin-containing material As a lignin containing material, the lignin contained in a plant structure or the derivative
- lignin-containing materials include lignocellulosic material processed products that are processed as they are, or under mild conditions, from plant-derived lignocellulose-based materials.
- lignocellulosic materials include whole or part of plants, processed products having a woody part, and the like. Plants include, but are not limited to, conifers, broad-leaved trees, eucalyptus, and other herbs, as well as rice, wheat, corn, sugarcane, kenaf, ghetto, moonfish, and other herbs and bamboo. .
- Non-use materials of plant-derived lignocellulose materials can also be used.
- Non-use materials include thinned wood, pruned plant branches and leaves, non-edible fruits such as pine trees, and stalks and leaves after harvesting edible parts.
- herbaceous stems and leaves can be preferably used as the lignocellulosic material. Since these tissues are coarser than woody species, a lignin extract can be efficiently obtained.
- a chlorophyll extract is also contained in a lignin extract by using the leaf part containing a chlorophyll.
- the lignin-containing material is preferably crushed to some extent in consideration of extraction efficiency.
- the lignocellulosic material derived from herbs is preferably cut appropriately, and the lignocellulosic material of woody materials is preferably in the form of chips or powder.
- the lignin-containing material may be a material obtained by treating a lignocellulosic material under mild conditions. Examples thereof include lignophenol derivatives described in JP-A-2-233701 and JP-A-9-278904. Moreover, vegetable food wastes such as tea gala and cedar liquor are listed.
- the essential oil is extracted from Kumazasa by steam distillation, and the distilled water after separation of the essential oil contains polyphenols derived from Kumazasa lignin. Such a distillation residue can also be used as a lignin-containing material.
- separating a cellulose from bagasse which is a residue after squeezing sugarcane, lignocellulose, etc. are mentioned.
- Such mild conditions are preferably 100 ° C. or lower, more preferably 80 ° C. or lower, more preferably 70 ° C. or lower, and even more preferably 60 ° C. or lower, under weak alkaline to weak acid pH conditions (for example, pH 10 to (About 2) is preferable.
- iron ion The iron ion only needs to be present as a divalent or trivalent ion in the presence of water. In any form, degradation of lignin can be promoted as a result in the presence of water.
- iron ion sources include iron (II) sulfate (FeSO 4 ), ferric sulfate (III) ((Fe) 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ), so-called iron rust (iron oxide (III) and its hydrates, Iron oxide (II, III) and hydrates thereof, iron hydroxide, and various iron oxyhydroxides).
- iron rust becomes an iron ion source that generates iron ions (II) and iron ions (III) in the presence of water.
- iron ions (Fe (II)) when metallic iron rusts, iron ions (Fe (II)) are eluted in the presence of water and pass through iron hydroxide.
- iron oxyhydroxide such as iron (III) hydrous oxide ( III) is formed, or iron ions (II) are oxidized by air to iron ions (III), and as a result, iron (III) oxyhydroxide such as iron (III) hydrated oxide can be generated.
- metallic iron or a metallic alloy containing iron can also serve as an iron ion source. Therefore, for example, a mixer or a press used in the extraction process has an iron inner surface and an iron rust on the inner surface is also an iron ion source.
- Iron ion (III) is also preferable from the viewpoint of the stability of the extract (anaerobic fermentation (rot)), cost, availability, and the like.
- the step of generating and extracting the present lignin extract from the lignin-containing material is a step of promoting the oxidation of lignin by bringing the iron ions into contact with the lignin-containing material.
- lignin can be degraded, reduced in molecular weight, and / or slowly modified.
- the extraction process is performed in the presence of water. This is because iron ions (II) and (III) are interposed.
- Water in the extraction step can be supplied from the lignin-containing material itself as a cell fluid or intercellular fluid, or can be supplied even if associated with the lignin-containing material. Moreover, water may be separately supplied to the extraction process.
- the water in the extraction step is preferably in such a level that the lignin-containing material can be appropriately contacted with oxygen in the air. This is because the decomposition of lignin is promoted by the gas-liquid interface.
- solvents can be positively added in addition to water.
- a solvent may be one that dissolves or separates water, but a solvent that does not inhibit the decomposition of lignin due to the presence of water can be appropriately selected.
- the lignin-containing material may be allowed to stand as appropriate in a state where metal ions can exist, or may be mixed.
- an extract can be easily obtained. For example, by immersing the lignin-containing material in a metal salt solution used in the extraction process for about 1 to 24 hours, the metal ions and the lignin-containing material can be gently brought into contact with each other. Considering the subsequent fermentation, it is preferable to stand at room temperature or at a temperature lower than that.
- the lignin-containing material after immersion may be continuously mixed and fermented with the immersion liquid, or the extraction process may be performed by newly bringing the lignin-containing material after immersion into contact with iron ions.
- the extraction step may be performed, or the lignin-containing material separated from the immersion liquid may be contacted with metal ions again to perform the extraction step.
- the lignin-containing material can be mixed (by stirring or vibration) in an aqueous medium containing metal ions.
- the time of the extraction process accompanied by mixing etc. is not specifically limited, For example, when obtaining a lignin extract from a lignocellulosic material, it should just be performed to such an extent that the restraint state of the cellulose by a lignin is substantially cancelled
- the extraction process can be accompanied by pressing or crushing depending on the form of the lignocellulosic material.
- the amount of metal ions present in the extraction process is not particularly limited.
- the extract is colored due to the presence of a sufficient amount of metal ions.
- the iron ion is blackened. Therefore, an appropriate metal ion concentration can be set by observing the appearance color of the extract.
- a ferric sulfate solution can be typically used.
- the iron ion concentration is not particularly limited. As an example, a solution of about 0.2 g / l or more and 1 g / l or less can be used as the ferric sulfate solution.
- lactic acid bacteria are preferably used.
- Well-known lactic acid bacteria such as Lactobacillus genus, Bifidobacterium genus, Enterococcus genus, Lactococcus genus, Pediococcus genus, Leuconostoc genus, can be selected suitably and can be used.
- Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota, L. casei YIT 9029 and the like are preferable.
- Fermentation is preferably performed by aerobic fermentation.
- the aerobic conditions in the fermentation are not particularly limited, and may be set as appropriate as long as the aerobic fermentation can be maintained and the decomposition of lignin can be promoted.
- the temperature conditions for fermentation are not specifically limited, it can be about 25 degreeC or more and 40 degrees C or less.
- the agitation / aeration conditions are not particularly limited, and may be set as appropriate as long as aerobic fermentation can be maintained and decomposition of lignin can be promoted.
- the agitation culture may be performed for about 24 hours in the beginning, and the stationary culture may be performed for about 72 hours thereafter.
- various conditions can be appropriately set by those skilled in the art to ensure good aerobic fermentation.
- lignophenol derivatization described in JP-A-2-233701 and JP-A-9-278904 explosion and steaming used for crushing and extracting lignocellulose materials
- oxidation treatment, reduction treatment, acid treatment, alkali treatment examples include treatment, enzyme treatment, microbial treatment, subcritical fluid treatment of water and organic solvents, and supercritical fluid treatment. These treatments are preferably performed prior to the extraction step.
- Examples of the oxidizing agent for the oxidation treatment include ozone, Fe 3+ -HCl, alkali-H 2 O 2 and Ce 4+ .
- Examples of the reducing agent for the reduction treatment include lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and sodium tetrahydroborate. Among these, sodium tetrahydroborate that selectively reduces a carbonyl group contained in lignin is preferably used.
- Examples of the alkali treatment chemical include various basic compounds such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonia, sodium carbonate, and sodium borate.
- As the chemical for acid treatment sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, organic acid and the like are preferably used.
- a peroxidase that promotes fragmentation of lignin a saccharifying enzyme that forms a glycoside, a glucuronyltransferase that oxidizes glucuron, and the like are preferably used.
- heating may be performed to promote lignin elution and promote binding to metal ions.
- pressurization may be performed. These treatments are preferably performed prior to the extraction step.
- the extract after the extraction step contains a decomposition product of lignin in the presence of iron ions.
- polymer lignin may exist as a solid content, such as when a lignocellulosic material is used as a lignin-containing material.
- the liquid portion can be separated as a lignin extract by a known solid-liquid separation technique such as centrifugation or filtration.
- the extract obtained by the extraction process is usually colored.
- an extract typically an extract
- the color of the extract can be changed to a lighter color, Brightness can be improved.
- an extract for color tone adjustment for example, a citric acid extract having a light pink to light purple color such as perilla leaves, hibiscus petals, cherry leaves, etc. can be used. What is necessary is just to set a citric acid concentration suitably. It is preferable to adjust the color tone at as low a temperature as possible.
- the present lignin extract is an extract of lignin in the presence of iron ions, and can typically be obtained by the above-described production method disclosed herein.
- the lignin extract may be in a solid form such as liquid, slurry, paste, powder.
- the extract obtained by the above method may be used as it is, or may be diluted or concentrated. Further, the extract may be dried and solidified by freeze drying or the like. This lignin extract has an anti-corruption action and is itself excellent in stability.
- the present lignin extract can exert an antitumor effect.
- Anti-tumor effects include, but are not limited to, for example, tumor growth (eg, slowing tumor growth), modulation of tumor size or metastasis, reduction of toxicity and side effects associated with certain anticancer agents, relief of clinical disorders or symptoms of cancer, or Includes minimization, prolonging the subject's life, and preventing tumor growth in animals that do not have any tumor formation prior to administration, ie, prophylactic administration.
- the tumor that can be treated with the antitumor agent is not particularly limited, and may be a solid cancer or a blood cancer.
- solid cancer include colorectal cancer, liver cancer, kidney cancer, head and neck cancer, esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, biliary tract cancer, gallbladder / bile duct cancer, pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, uterus
- hematological cancer include leukemia, malignant lymphoma and multiple myeloma.
- Antitumor agents can take various forms as pharmaceuticals. Specifically, it can be used as capsules, granules, pills, solutions, injections, ointments, extracts, elixirs, suspensions, and the like.
- This lignin extract has an antibacterial action.
- the antibacterial action includes an action of killing bacteria (bactericidal action) and an action of suppressing bacterial growth (bacteriostatic action). Therefore, this lignin extract can be used as an active ingredient of an antibacterial agent.
- This lignin extract is considered to have an action of inhibiting the supply of iron ions to cells by binding to iron ions to form a complex. Therefore, the cell in which the present lignin extract exhibits an antibacterial action is not particularly limited, and may be a gram positive bacterium or a gram negative bacterium. Examples of gram positive bacteria include staphylococci, streptococci, pneumococci, diphtheria, and botulinum. Staphylococcus is preferable.
- Examples of gram-negative bacteria include Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Neisseria pneumoniae, Shigella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and periodontal disease.
- it is E. coli.
- it is a periodontal disease bacteria.
- Periodontal bacteria include Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, and the like. More preferred is Porphyromonas gingivalis.
- Antibacterial agents can take various forms as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and quasi drugs. Specifically, capsules, granules, pills, solutions, injections, ointments, extracts, elixirs, suspensions, liniments, lotions, etc. for pharmaceuticals, dentifrices for cosmetics, etc. Lotion, cream, milky lotion, funny, cosmetic oil, hair cosmetics, hair dye, hair perfume, powder, pack, foundation, powder perfume, blusher, eyeliner, eye cream, eye shadow, mascara, eyebrow, lipstick, lip balm, It can be used as soap, face wash, shampoo, rinse and the like.
- This lignin extract has an antiviral effect.
- Antiviral action means the action of inactivating the infectivity of pathogenic viruses that cause human and animal infections, or the action of suppressing the growth of viruses already infected in host cells. Therefore, this lignin extract can be used as an active ingredient of an antiviral agent.
- the virus to be used as an antiviral agent is not particularly limited. For example, herpes virus, cytomegalovirus, human papilloma virus, RS (respiratory syncytial virus) virus, influenza virus, HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) virus , Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus.
- Antiviral agents can take various forms such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and quasi drugs. Specifically, capsules, granules, pills, solutions, injections, ointments, extracts, elixirs, suspensions, liniments, lotions, etc. for pharmaceuticals, dentifrices for cosmetics, etc. Lotion, cream, milky lotion, funny, cosmetic oil, hair cosmetics, hair dye, hair perfume, powder, pack, foundation, powder perfume, blusher, eyeliner, eye cream, eye shadow, mascara, eyebrow, lipstick, lip balm, It can be used as soap, face wash, shampoo, rinse and the like.
- a lignin extract can be used as an antiallergic agent based on an antiallergic action.
- the antiallergic agent can take various forms such as cosmetics, quasi drugs, and pharmaceuticals.
- cosmetic forms such as lotion, cream, milky lotion, funny, cosmetic oil, hair cosmetics, hair dye, paste perfume, powder, pack, foundation, powder perfume, blusher, eyeliner, eye cream, Eye shadow, mascara, eyebrow, lipstick, lip balm, soap, face wash, shampoo, rinse and the like.
- pharmaceuticals include aerosols, solutions, extracts, ointments, eye ointments, suspensions, patches, poultices, liniments, lotions and the like.
- the various preparations (external preparations for skin) containing the lignin extract of the present invention may further contain components having various effects other than the lignin extract.
- components having various effects other than the lignin extract For example, moisturizer, keratin improving agent, keratolytic agent, antibiotics, skin permeation enhancer, blood circulation promoter, anti-inflammatory agent, cell activator, anti-inflammatory agent, analgesic agent, emollient, emollient, wound treatment agent And metabolism promoters.
- the various preparations containing the present lignin extract may further contain components having various effects other than the present lignin extract.
- Antitumor agents include, for example, other antitumor agents for the purpose of multidrug therapy, analgesics, antiemetics, laxatives, antidiarrheals, bronchodilators to prevent or reduce the symptoms associated with cancer and side effects due to treatment Further, it may contain a therapeutic agent for heart disease and the like.
- the antibacterial agent and antiviral agent may contain, for example, an analgesic agent, an anti-inflammatory agent and the like.
- the various preparations containing the present lignin extract can contain various pharmaceutically acceptable ingredients in these preparations.
- excipients binders, disintegrants, lubricants, diluents, solubilizers, suspending agents, tonicity agents, pH adjusters, buffers, stabilizers, colorants, flavoring agents, Examples include flavoring agents and soothing agents.
- various preparations having the lignin extract of the present invention is not particularly limited. That is, these preparations may be internal preparations, external preparations, or injections as described above. Also, the dosage of these preparations is not particularly limited. For example, it is conceivable to administer 10 to 30 mg per kg body weight once a day.
- Huh-7 cells are cells that are resistant to the iron chelator Deferasirox.
- the collected cells were diluted with the above medium to a concentration of 2 ⁇ 10 5 cells / ml and then seeded at 100 ⁇ l per well in a 96-well microplate and cultured overnight. After completion of the culture, the medium was removed, and a lignin extract solution dissolved in MEM containing 0.5% FBS was added to each well, and the mass% concentrations of the lignin extract solution were 10%, 5%, 2%, 1 % And 0.1%. The cells were then cultured for 3 days. After 3 days of culture, the recovered cells were stained with trypan blue, and the cell viability was evaluated from the results. In addition, the same experiment was performed for each cell without adding the lignin extract solution.
- Deferasirox instead of the lignin extract. Specifically, the concentration of Deferasirox was adjusted to 100 ⁇ M, 10 ⁇ M, and 1 ⁇ M, and the cells were cultured for 2 days. Cell viability was assessed after 2 days of culture. Also, the same experiment was performed without adding Deferasirox.
- FIG. 1 shows the cell viability of A549 cells cultured with lignin extract added to the medium and A549 cells cultured with Deferasirox added.
- the survival rate of A549 cells decreased depending on the lignin extract concentration. That is, it was found that the lignin extract has an antitumor effect on lung cancer cells, and in particular, when the lignin extract has a high concentration, the antitumor effect is increased.
- the survival rate of A549 cells decreased depending on the Deferasirox concentration. That is, it was found that the antitumor action of the iron chelating agent showed the same behavior as the antitumor action of the lignin extract. This result supports the hypothesis that the lignin extract exhibits an antitumor action by forming a complex with iron.
- Fig. 2 shows the cell viability of TE4 cells cultured with the lignin extract added to the medium.
- the cell viability of TE4 cells decreased depending on the lignin extract concentration. That is, it was found that the lignin extract has an antitumor effect on esophageal cancer cells, and in particular, when the lignin extract has a high concentration, the antitumor effect is increased.
- Fig. 3 shows the cell viability of HLE cells cultured with the lignin extract added to the medium.
- the survival rate of HLE cells decreased depending on the lignin extract concentration. That is, it was found that the lignin extract has an antitumor action against liver cancer, and in particular, when the lignin extract has a high concentration, the antitumor action is increased.
- FIG. 4 shows the cell viability of Huh-7 cells cultured with lignin extract added to the medium and Huh-7 cells cultured with Deferasirox added.
- the cell viability of the Huh-7 cells decreased substantially depending on the lignin extract concentration. That is, it was found that the lignin extract also has an antitumor effect on Deferasirox-resistant liver cancer cells, and in particular, when the lignin extract has a high concentration, the antitumor effect is increased.
- Fig. 5 shows the cell viability of HYM-1 cells cultured with the lignin extract added to the medium. As shown in FIG. 5, the lignin extract was found to suppress the growth of human skin cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner.
- the present lignin extract has a growth inhibitory action on various cancer cells.
- the number of settlements of Porphyromonas gingivalis decreased by adding the lignin extract. From the above, it was found that the present lignin extract has an effect of inhibiting the growth of periodontal disease bacteria that are gram-negative bacilli.
- Example 1 1 mL of the lignin extract solution prepared in Example 1 was filtered through a membrane filter (pore size 0.45 ⁇ m), and 0.1 mL of a virus suspension was added to obtain a working solution. The working solution was allowed to stand at room temperature for 24 hours, and then diluted 10-fold with a cell location medium. As a control experiment, a control solution was prepared using purified water instead of the working solution.
- the virus infectivity titer was measured as follows. MDCK cells were monolayer cultured in a 96-well microplate for tissue culture using a cell growth medium according to a conventional method. After monolayer culture, the cell growth medium was removed and 0.1 mL of cell maintenance medium was added. Furthermore, it diluted 10 times with the cell maintenance medium, and prepared the sample dilution liquid. Subsequently, each of the 10-fold diluted working solution and the control solution was serially diluted 10-fold with the sample diluent. 0.1 mL of each diluted solution was inoculated into 4 wells and cultured for 4-7 days in a 37 ⁇ 1 ° C. carbon dioxide incubator (CO 2 concentration 5%).
- TCID 50 tissue culture infectious dose
- a lignin extract solution having a mass% concentration of 20% was prepared in the same procedure as in Example 1.
- the toxicity of the lignin extract was evaluated by the following method using the 20% lignin extract solution. First, the weight of four nude mice was measured. For each nude mouse, a 20% lignin extract solution was appropriately given as drinking water (water bottle type). After a week, the weight of each nude mouse was measured, and changes in skin and color of excrement were observed. Table 3 shows the body weight of each nude mouse before and after administration of the lignin extract and the increase and decrease in body weight.
- the body weight was almost unchanged before and after administration of the lignin extract in any individual.
- no skin change was observed in any individual, and no change in the color of excrement was observed. That is, it was found that the dose of the lignin extract in this example did not show toxicity.
- Ferric sulfate is added to the suspension of the powder of Matsukasa to prepare a solution of 100 mg / ml of the powder of Matsukasa and 1.0 mg / ml of ferric sulfate, and lactic acid bacteria are added at room temperature and stirred gently. While fermenting. Thereafter, the culture broth was filtered, and CC 50 (50% toxic concentration) and EC 50 (50% effective concentration) of the filtrate were measured. As a result, CC50 was 562 ⁇ g / ml and EC50 was 3.74 ⁇ g / ml.
- the culture solution After solid-liquid separation of the culture solution, it was filtered through a filter with a pore size of 0.25 mm, and half the amount of Shiso citric acid extract was added to adjust the color tone, and after adjusting to a mass concentration of 50% based on the mass of crumbly of Kumazasa, Furthermore, it filtered again with the filter (made by Millipore) of the hole diameter of 0.45 micrometer.
- the Shiso citric acid extract was prepared by boiling about 300 g of red / blue purple soup in 1.8 L of water for several minutes and then adding 35 g of citric acid.
- the lignin extract obtained in the above (1) was evaluated for the growth inhibitory action on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The results are shown in Table 4, respectively.
- any lignin extract was confirmed to have a growth inhibitory action on E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
- the gene mutagenicity test (reversion mutation test) was performed for three strains (Salmonella typhimurium TA100, Escherichia coli WP2uvrA strain, Salmonella yphimurium TA198 strain). As a result, mutagenicity was not observed. Moreover, when the irritation and sensitization by the Marzulli-maibach method were evaluated (50 test subjects), it was confirmed that there was no irritation and sensitization and hypoallergenicity.
- the anti-allergic action was evaluated using the lignin extract (3-fold diluted solution) prepared in this example.
- the test subjects were two latex allergic patients, and the lignin extract was applied in an appropriate amount to the affected area when symptoms and symptoms occurred. As a result, itching was suppressed and improvement of allergic symptoms was confirmed for two subjects. From the above, it was found that the lignin extract has an antiallergic action that particularly suppresses early inflammation.
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Abstract
Description
(2)前記リグニン抽出物は、前記リグニン材料を鉄イオンの存在下発酵させることによって前記リグニン含有材料から抽出される、(1)に記載の細胞増殖阻害剤。
(3)前記発酵は、乳酸菌を用いて行う、(1)又は(2)に記載の細胞増殖阻害剤。
(4)前記リグニン含有材料は、草本類の茎葉を含む、(1)~(3)のいずれかに記載の細胞増殖阻害剤。
(5)癌細胞の増殖を抑制する、(1)~(4)のいずれかに記載の細胞増殖阻害剤。
(6)前記癌細胞は、肺癌、皮膚癌、食道癌及び肝臓癌からなる群から選択される1種又は2種以上の癌の細胞である、(5)記載の細胞増殖阻害剤。
(7)微生物細胞の増殖を阻害する、(1)~(4)のいずれかに記載の細胞増殖阻害剤。
(8)グラム陰性菌及びグラム陽性菌に対する抗菌作用を有する、(7)に記載の細胞増殖阻害剤。
(9)歯周病菌の増殖を阻害する、(1)~(4)のいずれかに記載の細胞増殖阻害剤。
(10)鉄イオンとリグニン含有材料とを接触させることによって前記リグニン含有材料中のリグニンの分解を促進することによって抽出されるリグニン抽出物を有効成分とする、ウイルスの増殖阻害剤。
本薬剤の有効成分であるリグニン抽出物は、水系媒体の存在下、鉄イオンとリグニン含有材料とを接触させて、前記リグニン含有材料中のリグニンの分解を促進することによって前記リグニン含有材料から抽出される。以下、このリグニン抽出物(以下、本リグニン抽出物という。)の製造方法について説明する。
(リグニン含有材料)
リグニン含有材料としては、植物構造体に含まれているリグニン又は当該リグニンの誘導体を含んでいればよい。すなわち、ここでいうリグニン及び当該リグニン誘導体は、パルプ製造工程において強アルカリ下や強酸下でのリグニンの重縮合を促進する条件下で処理されたリグニンを実質的に含まないものである。したがって、本明細書におけるリグニン含有材料は、黒液などを含まない。
鉄イオンは、水の存在下で2価又は3価のイオンとして存在できればよい。いずれの形態であっても、水の存在下で、結果的にリグニンの分解を促進することができる。こうした鉄イオン源としては、硫酸鉄(II)(FeSO4)、硫酸第二鉄(III)((Fe)2(SO4)3)、いわゆる鉄さび(酸化鉄(III)及びその水和物、酸化鉄(II、III)及びその水和物、水酸化鉄、各種オキシ水酸化鉄)が挙げられる。こうした鉄錆びは、水の存在下において、鉄イオン(II)や鉄イオン(III)を生成する鉄イオン源となる。また、金属鉄が錆びるときには、水の存在下で鉄イオン(Fe(II))が溶出し、水酸化鉄を経て、結果としては、鉄(III)の含水酸化物などのオキシ水酸化鉄(III)が生成し、あるいは鉄イオン(II)が空気酸化されて鉄イオン(III)となって、結果として、鉄(III)の含水酸化物などのオキシ水酸化鉄(III)を生じうる。このため、金属鉄あるいは鉄を含む金属合金も鉄イオン源となりうる。したがって、例えば、抽出工程に用いる混合機や圧搾機が鉄製内表面を有するもの及び当該内表面に鉄錆びを有するものも鉄イオン源となる。
リグニン含有材料からの本リグニン抽出物を生成させ抽出する工程は、鉄イオンとリグニン含有材料とを接触させる、リグニンの酸化を促進する工程である。この工程により、リグニンを分解し、低分子化し、及び/又は緩やかに改変できる。
本リグニン抽出物は、鉄イオン存在下でのリグニンの抽出物であり、典型的には、本明細書に開示される上記した製造方法によって得ることができる。本リグニン抽出物は、液状、スラリー状、ペースト状、粉末等の固体状であってもよい。例えば、上記方法による抽出液をそのままであってもよいし、希釈、濃縮等したものであってもよい。また、抽出液をフリーズドライ等により乾燥して固形化したものであってもよい。本リグニン抽出物には、腐敗防止作用があり、それ自体安定性に優れている。
本実施例では、草本系の事例として、ショウガ科ハナミョウガ属の月桃(ゲットウ(サンニン))の茎葉部分(3キログラム単位)の破砕物を鉄イオン源としての錆びを内部に有する鉄製破砕機に投入し、水を添加することなく、植物から抽出される液を利用して、25℃~35℃で、連続振動して常在菌での発酵を1週間継続し、20~25mmのフィルター処理後にクエン酸紫蘇溶液で色を調整し、孔径0.45μmのフィルター(ミリポア社製)によって再度濾過した。
実施例1で調製したリグニン抽出物溶液を用いて、以下の方法で、肺癌細胞、食道癌細胞及び肝臓癌細胞に対する抗腫瘍作用を評価した。肺癌細胞株(A549細胞)、食道癌細胞株(TE4細胞)、肝臓癌細胞株(HLE細胞)肝臓癌細胞株(Huh-7細胞)及び皮膚癌細胞株(HYM-1)を、10%FBS、1%NEAA、1mmol/l ピルピン酸ナトリウム含有MEMを用いて培養した後、トリプシン処理により細胞を回収した。なお、Huh-7細胞は、鉄キレート剤であるDeferasiroxに抵抗性を示す細胞である。回収した細胞を、2×105 cells/mlの濃度に上記培地で希釈した後、96ウェルマイクロプレートに1ウェルあたり100μlずつを播種し、一晩培養した。培養終了後、培地を除去し、0.5%FBS含有MEMに溶解したリグニン抽出物溶液を各ウェルに添加し、リグニン抽出溶液の質量%濃度をそれぞれ、10%、5%、2%、1%、0.1%とした。次いで、細胞を3日間培養した。3日の培養終了後、回収した細胞をトリパンブルー染色し、その結果から、細胞生存率を評価した。また、リグニン抽出物溶液を添加せずに、各細胞について同様に実験を行った。
実施例1で調製したリグニン抽出物溶液を用いて、以下の方法で、抗菌作用を評価した。寒天培地に、リグニン抽出物溶液が5、10及び20質量%となるように添加した5%ウマ脱繊維血液添加Brucella Agar15mlをプラスチックシャーレ(直径90mm)に分注して、固化し、試験平板とした。次いで、各培地に嫌気性グラム陰性桿菌で歯周病菌であるポルフィロモナス・ジンジバリスの試験菌液0.1ml(103/ml)を塗布し、7日間35℃で嫌気培養した。培養後、集落数を計測した。リグニン抽出物を添加せずに、同様に実験を行った。各リグニン抽出物濃度における集落数を表1に示す。
実施例1で調製したリグニン抽出物溶液を用いて、以下の方法で、抗ウイルス作用を評価した。イーグルMEM培地「ニッスイ」(日水製薬株式会社製)100質量部に対し、ウシ胎仔血清10質量部を加えて、細胞増殖培地とした。イヌ由来の腎細胞((MDCK(NBL-2)細胞ATTC CCL-34株(大日本製薬株式会社製))を細胞増殖培地を用いて組織培養用フラスコ内で常法に従い単層培養した。単層培養後した後に、回収した細胞にInfluenza A virus (H1N1) A/PR/8/34 ATCC(登録商標) VR-1469(American Type Culture. Collection製)を接種した。
実施例1で得られたリグニン抽出物(原液)を、GC-MSを用いて一般的な条件で分析した。結果を図6に示す。
実施例1と同様の手順で質量%濃度が20%であるリグニン抽出物溶液を調製した。20%リグニン抽出物溶液を用いて、以下の方法で、リグニン抽出物の毒性を評価した。まず、4匹のヌードマウスの体重を測定した。各ヌードマウスに対して、20%リグニン抽出物溶液を飲料水として適宜(給水ボトル式)で与えた。週間後、各ヌードマウスの体重を測定し、皮膚の変化と排泄物の色調とを観察した。リグニン抽出物投与前後の各ヌードマウスの体重と、体重の増減と、を表3に示す。
まつかさの粉末の懸濁液に対して硫酸第二鉄を加えて、まつかさ粉末100mg/ml、硫酸第二鉄1.0mg/mlの溶液を調製し、常温で乳酸菌を加えて軽く撹拌しつつ発酵した。その後、培養液をろ過して、ろ液についてCC50(50%毒性濃度)及びEC50(50%効果濃度)を測定した。その結果、CC50は、562μg/mlであり、EC50は、3.74μg/mlであった。
クマザサの小片5gを5%濃度の水酸化ナトリウム溶液100mlに7日間浸漬し、25℃~35℃の室温で、硫酸第二鉄(III)0.1gを添加したのち、乳酸菌1ml(約4億~5億個)を投入して発酵を行った。培養液を固液分離後、孔径0.25mmのフィルターで濾過し、色調を整えるため、紫蘇クエン酸抽出液半量を投入して、クマザサの破砕物の質量基準で質量濃度50%に調整後に、さらに孔径0.45μmのフィルター(ミリポア社製)によって再度濾過した。なお、紫蘇クエン酸抽出液は、赤・青紫蘇約300gを1.8Lの水で数分煮だした後、35gのクエン酸を添加したものであった。
本実施例では、ショウガ科ハナミョウガ属の月桃(ゲットウ(サンニン))の茎葉部分の破砕物を鉄イオン源としての錆びを有する内部に有する鉄製破砕機に投入し、水を添加することなく常温で圧搾抽出して黒褐色のリグニン抽出液を得た。この抽出液の固形分を遠心分離で除去して得られた褐色の上清を得た。得られた上清に、体積比で2倍量の水を添加して3倍希釈した。また、1倍量の水で2倍希釈した。実施例2、4及び5において3倍希釈液をリグニン抽出物として用い、実施例3において2倍希釈液をリグニン抽出物として用いた。なお、本実施例で調製したリグニン抽出物(原液)につき、3種の菌株(Salmonella typhimurium TA100、Eschericha coli WP2uvrA株、Salmonella yphimurium TA198株)につき、遺伝子突然変異誘発性試験(復帰突然変異試験)を行ったところ、変異誘発性は認められなかった。また、Marzulli-maibach法による刺激性と感作性を評価したところ(被験者50名)、刺激性及び感作性がなく、低アレルギー性であることが確認された。
Claims (10)
- 鉄イオンとリグニン含有材料とを接触させることによって前記リグニン含有材料中のリグニンの分解を促進することによって抽出されるリグニン抽出物を有効成分とする、細胞増殖阻害剤。
- 前記リグニン抽出物は、前記リグニン材料を鉄イオンの存在下発酵させることによって前記リグニン含有材料から抽出される、請求項1に記載の細胞増殖阻害剤。
- 前記発酵は、乳酸菌を用いて行う、請求項2に記載の細胞増殖阻害剤。
- 前記リグニン含有材料は、草本類の茎葉を含む、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の細胞増殖阻害剤。
- 癌細胞の増殖を抑制する、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の細胞増殖阻害剤。
- 前記癌細胞は、肺癌、皮膚癌、食道癌及び肝臓癌からなる群から選択される1種又は2種以上の癌の細胞である、請求項5に記載の細胞増殖阻害剤。
- 微生物の増殖を阻害する、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の細胞増殖阻害剤。
- グラム陰性菌及びグラム陽性菌に対する抗菌作用を有する、請求項7に記載の細胞増殖阻害剤。
- 歯周病菌の増殖を阻害する、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の細胞増殖阻害剤。
- 鉄イオンとリグニン含有材料とを接触させることによって前記リグニン含有材料中のリグニンの分解を促進することによって抽出されるリグニン抽出物を有効成分とする、ウイルスの増殖阻害剤。
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WO2018004194A1 (ko) * | 2016-07-01 | 2018-01-04 | (주)아모레퍼시픽 | 리그닌-탄수화물 복합체 및 이의 제조방법 |
JP2018036214A (ja) * | 2016-09-02 | 2018-03-08 | 国立大学法人 和歌山大学 | 桂皮酸類幾何異性体の分離精製法 |
JP2021001141A (ja) * | 2019-06-21 | 2021-01-07 | 国立大学法人京都大学 | 抗腫瘍剤及び抗ウイルス剤 |
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- 2014-08-15 KR KR1020177006912A patent/KR20170043576A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2014-08-15 JP JP2016542490A patent/JP6445567B2/ja active Active
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Cited By (5)
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WO2017125993A1 (ja) * | 2016-01-18 | 2017-07-27 | 国立大学法人 岡山大学 | リグニン抽出物を有効成分とする植物病害防除剤 |
WO2018004194A1 (ko) * | 2016-07-01 | 2018-01-04 | (주)아모레퍼시픽 | 리그닌-탄수화물 복합체 및 이의 제조방법 |
JP2018036214A (ja) * | 2016-09-02 | 2018-03-08 | 国立大学法人 和歌山大学 | 桂皮酸類幾何異性体の分離精製法 |
JP2021001141A (ja) * | 2019-06-21 | 2021-01-07 | 国立大学法人京都大学 | 抗腫瘍剤及び抗ウイルス剤 |
JP7340197B2 (ja) | 2019-06-21 | 2023-09-07 | 国立大学法人京都大学 | 抗腫瘍剤及び抗ウイルス剤 |
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JP6445567B2 (ja) | 2018-12-26 |
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