WO2016015484A1 - Pcb即插式电子模块实验装置 - Google Patents

Pcb即插式电子模块实验装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016015484A1
WO2016015484A1 PCT/CN2015/075567 CN2015075567W WO2016015484A1 WO 2016015484 A1 WO2016015484 A1 WO 2016015484A1 CN 2015075567 W CN2015075567 W CN 2015075567W WO 2016015484 A1 WO2016015484 A1 WO 2016015484A1
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Prior art keywords
pcb
plug
module
board
electronic
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PCT/CN2015/075567
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English (en)
French (fr)
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黎荣昌
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黎荣昌
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Priority to US15/329,256 priority Critical patent/US20170213479A1/en
Publication of WO2016015484A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016015484A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
    • G09B23/06—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics
    • G09B23/18—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for electricity or magnetism
    • G09B23/183—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for electricity or magnetism for circuits
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B19/00—Teaching not covered by other main groups of this subclass

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the field of electronic experimental equipment, in particular to a PCB plug-in electronic module experimental device.
  • Experimental devices such as electronic test benches, experimental boxes, development boards, electronic building blocks, special experimental boards, and modular experimental boards that are popular in China. They can only be used for electronic verification experiments of interest within their specifications. All-round electronic experiments required to develop electronic products and cultivate electronic innovation talents (all-round electronic experiments mean that all electronic components in the circuit can be arbitrarily adjusted in the experimental process, and the power supply of the circuit can also be adjusted. The circuit itself can also be modified, ie any simple or complex electronic circuit experiment can be done).
  • the PCB integrated module experiment is an experiment that makes a complex circuit design into a functional PCB module to complete more complex circuits.
  • it is impossible to do simple circuit experiment; 2 even when doing complex circuit experiments, there is no structure such as insulating pad, module pin and module plug-in board, and the circuit stability is poor during experiment, which is easy to contact. failure.
  • the invention provides a PCB plug-in electronic module experiment device, which can effectively and conveniently use any component (designed into a plug-in module) to conveniently participate in the experiment, and whether it is a simple circuit or Experiments on various complex circuits can be successfully completed on the PCB plug-in electronic module test installation, and the cost is low and efficient.
  • the utility model provides a PCB plug-in electronic module experimental device, which comprises a PCB module plug-in board and a plurality of PCB plug-in electronic modules, wherein the PCB module plug-in board is provided with a plurality of plug holes, each of which is
  • the PCB plug-in electronic module includes a PCB board, components and terminal blocks disposed on the PCB board, pins, and an insulating pad fixed between the PCB board and the pins, each of the PCB plug-in electronics
  • the module is pluggably fixed to any of the plug holes of the PCB module plug-in board by the pins; the terminal block is connected by a connector to realize the inter-plug-in electronic module between the PCBs Electrically connected to complete various circuit experiments.
  • the pin is a pin that matches the shape of the plug hole.
  • the lower half of the pin is opened to be "inverted Y-shaped", and the surface of the hole wall having the self-tensioning elasticity and the opposite surface of the insertion hole generates a large frictional force to play a self-locking action, which is convenient for the experiment. It is easy to remove and replace, and the inner middle part is designed with two small slots as the screw guiding groove. If the successful circuit needs to be used for a long time or long distance transportation, it is necessary to screw the locking screw against the bottom surface of the plug plate. Loose to ensure that the circuit system is always in good contact without failure.
  • At least two screw holes are disposed at corresponding positions of the PCB board and the insulating pad, and the PCB board is fixed to the upper surface of the insulating pad by screws through the screw holes.
  • the lower surface of the insulating pad is provided with a sinking hole for receiving the upper end portion of the pin
  • the upper surface is provided with a countersunk screw hole penetrating the sinking hole
  • the upper end portion of the pin is provided Have a through hole, through the countersunk screw hole and the first through hole, thereby fixing the pin to a lower surface of the insulating pad; the countersunk screw and the PCB board
  • An insulating sticker is provided to prevent the circuit on the PCB from being short-circuited by the countersunk screw.
  • each of the insulating pads is a small flat plate, and can be obtained by pre-forming the countersunk square screw holes and the lower surface of the flat plate on the upper surface of the large flat plate.
  • the universal prefabricated module pad is tailored to get.
  • the PCB board is connected to the external connection by using a plurality of connection methods including a double number of plug terminals and a corresponding pad solder connection.
  • each of the PCB plug-in electronic modules is a single multi-function electronic module composed of a single component, a system function electronic module composed of a plurality of components, or an alternative public connection point.
  • the single multi-function electronic module includes but is not limited to a 3-hole socket module, a 6-hole socket module, an 8-pin IC socket module, a trimming resistance module, and a circuit node module;
  • the system function electronic module includes but is not limited to an RS232 serial communication module.
  • 51 one-chip computer socket module The system function electronic module can also adopt various connection methods of various line connection.
  • the PCB module plug-in board is square, and the plurality of square plug holes are equidistantly arranged on the PCB module plug-in board to form a matrix of M rows ⁇ N columns.
  • the PCB plug-in electronic module experimental device disclosed in the present invention regards each module participating in the experiment as a qualified component product having certain functional characteristics, income characteristics, output characteristics, and working characteristics. To use, to carry out an experiment, just select the module with the appropriate characteristics from the module library and insert it on the module plug-in board, connect their input and output terminals, power supply and test instrument to the experimental connection diagram with few DuPont lines.
  • any component can be easily inserted into the experimental device by designing into a PCB plug-in electronic module; and the fabricated PCB plug-in electronic module includes a single component multi-function electronic module and system function electronic Modules can be randomly combined according to experimental requirements to complete experiments of simple circuits or complex circuits with high experimental efficiency;
  • the plug-in electronic module of the PCB can be arbitrarily inserted into the PCB module plug-in board or pulled out from the PCB module plug-in board through the pin, which is convenient for exchange, especially using the single component multi-function module and node in the technology.
  • the experimental diagram can be laid out according to the schematic diagram, so that the experimental diagram is similar to the schematic diagram, which is very convenient for circuit inspection, instrument connection and fault finding, and the circuit contact is good earthquake resistance, and the experiment efficiency is extremely high. It is conducive to cultivating the hobbies of young people and the popularity of electronic skills around the world.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a module for performing a simple circuit (555 flash circuit) experiment using a PCB plug-in electronic module experimental device provided by an embodiment of the present invention (the above figure is a circuit schematic diagram)
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram of a plug-in electronic module of a PCB
  • FIG. 3 is a specific structural composition diagram of a plug-in electronic module of a PCB
  • Figures 5a to 5b show the structure of a prefabricated module pad forming the insulating mat shown in Figure 3;
  • Figure 6 is a partial schematic view of A shown in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a module for performing a complex circuit (single-chip communication circuit) experiment using a PCB plug-in electronic module experimental device provided by an embodiment of the present invention (the schematic diagram is not shown).
  • FIG. 1 it is a module layout diagram of a simple circuit (555 flash circuit) experiment using a PCB plug-in electronic module experimental device provided by an embodiment of the present invention (the above figure is a circuit schematic diagram).
  • the PCB plug-in electronic module experimental device of the present invention comprises a PCB module plug-in board 20 and a plurality of PCB plug-in electronic modules 100.
  • the PCB module plug-in board 20 is provided with a plurality of plug-in holes 21, each of which is provided with a plurality of plug-in holes 21,
  • the PCB plug-in electronic module 20 (via a pin, described later) is pluggably fixed to any of the plug holes of the PCB module plug-in board, and then through a connector (for example, a wire or a wire)
  • the circuit can be electrically connected to the various PCB plug-in electronic modules to complete various circuit experiments.
  • the plug-in electronic module 1 of the present invention can be divided into two categories according to the function size, and the first type is a single multi-function electronic module composed of a single component, such as the 6-hole socket in FIG. Module 1, trimming resistance module 2, 8-pin IC socket module 3, 3-hole socket module 4, and circuit node module 5, among them,
  • 6-hole socket module 1 can be plugged into 6-pin and less than 6-pin integrated circuits, small and medium power transistors, Various diodes, resistors, capacitors and other components;
  • the trimming resistor module 2 can replace small power potentiometers, variable resistors and fixed resistors in various resistance ranges;
  • 8-pin DIP package integrated circuit socket module 3 in addition to plug-in 8-pin DIP package integrated circuit, can also be used to plug 4-pin, 6-pin optocoupler and resistors, capacitors, diodes and other two-terminal components;
  • 3-hole socket module 4 for plugging small and medium power transistors, various diode resistors, capacitors, etc.
  • the circuit node module 5 can be plugged into 8 lines at the same time. Nodes refer to common points in the circuit diagram. Modules with node functions are called node modules. Figure 5 in Figure 2 is the node module. In Figure 1, four node modules are used.
  • the other type is a system function electronic module composed of a plurality of components or a node module replacing the common connection point, such as the RS232 serial communication module 6 and the 51-single-chip socket module 7 in FIG. 2, belonging to a plurality of components.
  • a combined system function electronic module Referring to FIG. 3, the total number of output terminals 10 of each component module is designed to be twice the number of actual output terminals, facilitating serial and parallel connection of test instruments and components.
  • each output terminal is also provided with a pad 111, which is advantageous for anti-interference experiments and for implementing reliable soldering technology connections.
  • each PCB plug-in electronic module 100 includes a PCB board 11 and is disposed on the PCB.
  • the component 9 on the board 11 (in this embodiment, the component is a trimming resistor) and the terminal block 10 (this embodiment is preferably a DuPont wire plug terminal block), the pin 16 and the PCB board 11 and the pins are fixed. 16 between the insulation pads 15.
  • PCB board external connection adopts a variety of connection methods including 2 times the number of plug terminals and corresponding pad solder joints. Referring to Figure 1 to Figure 2, 2 times the number of plug-in terminals facilitates connection of test instruments during experiment, reducing node module Dosage. The purpose of the design pad is to provide a reliable solder connection function. )
  • the pin 16 can be inserted into and inserted into the insertion hole 21 of the PCB module insertion board 20, for example, when the insertion hole is a square hole, the pin is matched with the insertion hole. Nylon pins.
  • Each of the PCB plug-in electronic modules 100 is pluggably fixed to any of the plug holes 21 of the PCB module plug-in board 20 by the pins 16 .
  • the pin 16 is a nylon expansion pin that matches the shape of the pin hole.
  • the PCB board 11 and the insulating pad 15 are correspondingly provided with at least two screw holes (18 & 18') through which the PCB 8 can be fixed by the screw 8 (18 & 18') The upper surface of the insulating mat 15 is provided.
  • the lower surface of the insulating pad 15 is provided with a sinking hole 152 for receiving the pin 16, and the upper surface is provided with a countersunk screw hole 151 (refer to FIG. 4) penetrating the sinking hole 152, and the pin is
  • the upper surface of the 16 is provided with a first through hole 161 through which the countersunk screw hole 151 and the first through hole 161 are passed, thereby fixing the pin 16 under the insulating pad 15 surface.
  • an insulator 12 (for example, may be an insulating tape) is disposed between the countersunk screw 13 and the PCB board 11.
  • the nylon strip of the lower end portion of the pin 16 is opened into an "inverted Y shape", and the self-expanding elasticity of the nylon strip and the surface of the hole wall opposite to the insertion hole 21 generate a large friction force.
  • a locking action is provided; and a screw guiding groove is disposed inside the end surface of the lower end portion of the pin 16 , and each of the PCB plug-in electronic modules is inserted into any of the PCB module plug-in boards through the pins thereof
  • the hole is inserted, it can be inserted through the insertion hole 21 and the screw guiding groove 162 by the locking screw 17, thereby locking the pin 16 to the insertion hole 21.
  • the locking screw 17 is used when the module is prevented from being loosened during the experiment.
  • the lower half of the pin 16 is opened to be "inverted Y-shaped" and has self-expanding elasticity and the surface of the hole wall opposite to the insertion hole.
  • the large friction force acts as a self-locking function, and is also convenient for the insertion and removal during the experiment.
  • Two small slots 162 are formed as the screw guiding grooves at the inner midpoint of the end face, and if the experimentally successful circuit needs to be used for a long time or When transporting for long distances, it is necessary to screw the locking screws from the bottom surface of the plug-in board to resist vibration and loosening to ensure that the circuit system is always in good contact without failure.
  • the process of assembling the PCB plug-in electronic module 100 is as follows: firstly, the PCB circuit and the screw hole position are designed according to the component trimming resistor and the DuPont wire plug terminal, and after the PCB board 11 is fabricated, the component 9 is mounted. (fine-tuning resistor) and DuPont wire plug terminal block 10, leveling the bottom surface of the soldering, the height is less than 2 mm; then, a small insulating pad 15 is cut on the insulating pad blank board 150, and each of the insulating pads 15 For a small flat plate, it is possible to make an equidistant countersunk snail on the upper surface of the large flat plate in advance.
  • the nail hole and the lower surface of the flat plate are made of a common prefabricated module pad obtained by equidistant pin square sinking.
  • the insulating mat of the embodiment can be made of the insulating mat blank board 150, that is, the countersunk screw hole 151 is prepared on the upper surface of the flat plate in advance, and the lower surface of the flat plate is formed.
  • the pitch is equal to n times the pitch of the insulating spacer 15.
  • FIG. 6 a partial enlarged view of the PCB module plug-in board shown in FIG.
  • the PCB module plug-in board is formed by the upper board 27 and the lower board 28 connected by the countersunk screws 25 (the thickening is stronger and the double-sided plugging can be realized), and the PCB module plug-in board 20 passes under The four brackets 23 are supported as a support, so that the PCB module plug-in board is smoothly fixed.
  • the PCB module plug-in board 20 is square, and the plurality of plug-in holes 21 (square holes in the embodiment, but not limited thereto) are equally arranged on the PCB module plug-in board to form M rows ⁇ N. The matrix of the columns.
  • each of the insertion holes 21 can be indicated by setting the code 24 on the patch board 20, for example, in the present embodiment, each line is represented by the letters A, B, C, D, .... And each column is represented by numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, ..., then, in this embodiment, the specific position of the last insertion hole 21 from top to bottom and from left to right That is, row A and column 26.
  • the PCB module plug-in board can be formed by splicing at least two PCB module plug-in daughter boards, and the plug-in board is provided on each PCB module plug-in board. That is, when completing a complex circuit experiment, two, three or even more PCB module plug-in boards can be spliced into one large PCB module plug-in board. The circuit experiment is completed by plugging and connecting the PCB plug-in electronic module.
  • FIG. 6 the working principle and process of the PCB plug-in electronic module experimental device of the present invention are illustrated by a practical example: for example, using the PCB plug-in electronic module experimental device of the present invention to complete the drawing
  • the plug-in electronic modules of each PCB are inserted into the insertion holes of the appropriate positions on the PCB module plug-in board to form an experimental layout.
  • the above figure in Figure 1 is 555.
  • Multi-vibrator LED flash circuit schematic the following figure shows the experimental module layout of the simple circuit (555LED flash) using the PCB plug-in electronic module implemented by the utility model.
  • 1 uses two 3-hole socket modules 4, 1 in the upper left corner is used to insert the resistance R of 4.7K, and 1 in the lower left corner is used to insert the electrolytic capacitor C of 4.7uF/16V.
  • 2 Using a 100K trimmer resistor RW1 module 2 is placed in the middle of the left side.
  • 3 Using a DIP package 8-pin integrated circuit socket module 3 is placed in the center of the experimental layout and is provided for plug-in 555 integrated circuits. 4Used a 6-hole socket module 1 to be inserted on the right side for the use of two LEDs. 6 components use 5 single component multi-function electronic modules.
  • the two equipotential nodes on the left side of the schematic diagram and the 3-pin nodes on the left side of the 555 can be connected without adding node modules. Therefore, only the insertion and output are required.
  • the analog pointer voltmeter and one digital ammeter are connected by a special instrument test line with a special end for the DuPont line.
  • connection diagram After all the connections are completed, check the experimental connection diagram again according to the circuit connection diagram, and the power can be turned on slowly. Boost the observation instrument and start debugging the experiment. Since the connection diagram is similar to the schematic diagram, it is beneficial to circuit inspection and fault finding, and the experimental success rate and efficiency are high.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a module (experimental diagram not shown) for completing a complex circuit (single-chip communication circuit) experiment using a PCB plug-in electronic module experimental device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a system function electronic module and five node modules composed of six components are combined, and the circuit schematic diagram is correctly connected.
  • parameters such as components, power supplies, or replacing modules, the complexity can be completed efficiently. Circuit experiment.
  • the PCB diagram can be designed to make PCB mounted components.
  • the pads and pins are installed to become a system integration module, and multiple system integration modules of related circuits can be used to complete each Experiments with complex circuits that are particularly beneficial for developing new electronic products and participating in electronic design competitions.
  • the speed of developing electronic products and cultivating electronic innovation talents is more than 100 times faster than that of sending foreign boards.
  • the plug-in electronic module of the PCB can be securely inserted into the PCB module plug-in board, and the position and direction can be adjusted arbitrarily.
  • the simplest component function module is the main one. It is convenient to lay out the circuit according to the distribution of components and nodes on the schematic diagram. The wire connected to the positive pole of the power supply is red, and the wire connected to the negative pole of the power supply is connected. Using black, the experimental layout is similar to the schematic, which is good for beginners to check the circuit, connect the test instrument and troubleshoot, and the test success rate is high.
  • the system integration module with successful experiment and stable performance is the main one.
  • the PCB module plug-in board can be supported on various platform surfaces by brackets.
  • the PCB module plug-in board can be spliced and expanded as needed, and can be placed side by side, which is helpful for the stability and reliability of the experimental system, good circuit contact, and successful completion of the experiment.
  • the PCB module plug-in board provides the function of the double-sided plug-in module layout experiment circuit.
  • the extra module plug-in hole is used as the wire via hole, and the experiment PCB module plug-in board needs to be moved or the experiment can be completed in a long period of time.
  • the module pins are locked from the bottom surface of the PCB module plug-in board.

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Abstract

一种PCB即插式电子模块实验装置包括PCB模块插接板（20）和若干PCB即插式电子模块（100），PCB模块插接板（20）上设有若干插接孔（21），每一PCB即插式电子模块（100）包括PCB板（11）、设于PCB板上的元器件（9）和端子座（10）、插脚（16）以及固定于PCB板（11）和插脚（16）之间的绝缘垫板（15），每一PCB即插式电子模块（100）通过插脚可插拔式地固定在PCB模块插接板（20）的任意插接孔（21）上；藉由连接件连接端子座以实现PCB即插式电子模块（100）之间的电连接，从而完成各种电路实验。该装置能有效方便地使用任何元器件都能够方便地参与到实验中，且无论是简单电路还是各种复杂电路的实验都能够在该PCB即插式电子模块实验装置上顺利完成。

Description

PCB即插式电子模块实验装置 技术领域
本实用新型涉及电子实验设备领域，尤其涉及一种PCB即插式电子模块实验装置。
背景技术
目前，流行的几种电子电路实验装置，存在很多不足之处，下面分别加以说明：
一、在我国流行的电子实验台、实验箱、开发板、电子积木、专用实验板、模块实验板等一类的实验装置，它们只能做其说明书以内的兴趣性的电子验证实验，不能做开发电子产品和培养电子创新人才所需要的全方位的电子实验(全方位电子实验是指电路中所有的电子元器件在实验过程中都可以任意调整其参数，电路的电源高低也可以调整，实验电路本身也可以调整更改，即任何简单或复杂的电子电路实验都可以完成)。
二、面包板、洞洞板一类实验装备，是在上个世纪70年代，电子元器件和电子电路都很简单的时候实用新型的，由于能够做全方位实验，直到现在仍然在发达国家和台湾地区的大中学校广泛流行，我国历届大学生电子设计大赛的作品也主要是用洞洞板来参赛。然而，社会企业急需要的是掌握PCB实验技术的人才，因为所有电子产品的电路都只能用PCB技术来设计，所以长期以来，习惯用面包板和洞洞板实验技术的学生需要重新掌握PCB实验技术才能从事真正的电子实用新型创新或进企业搞电子产品研发。
三、PCB集成模块实验，是将复杂电路设计实验后制作成功能PCB模块来完成更复杂电路的实验。但由于①没有简单多功能模块配套，不能做简单电路实验；②即使做复杂电路实验时，没有绝缘垫板、模块插脚和模块插接板等结构配套，实验时电路稳定性差，容易出接触不良的故障。
综上所述，全球至今没有一套先进的PCB即插式模块实验技术能够替代落后的面包板、洞洞板，已严重影响到全球电子产品的开发、电子创新人才的培养和电子技能的广泛普及。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的多个方面提供一种PCB即插式电子模块实验装置，能有效方便地使用任何元器件都能够(设计制作成即插式模块)方便地参与实验中，且无论是简单电路还是各种复杂电路的实验都能够在该PCB即插式电子模块实验装上顺利完成，而且成本低效率高。
本实用新型提供了一种PCB即插式电子模块实验装置，包括PCB模块插接板和若干PCB即插式电子模块，所述PCB模块插接板上设有若干插接孔，每一所述PCB即插式电子模块包括PCB板、设于所述PCB板上的元器件和端子座、插脚以及固定于所述PCB板和插脚之间的绝缘垫板，每一所述PCB即插式电子模块通过所述插脚可插拔式地固定在所述PCB模块插接板的任意所述插接孔上；藉由连接件连接所述端子座以实现所述PCB即插式电子模块之间的电连接，从而完成各种电路实验。
作为上述方案的改进，所述插脚为与所述插接孔形状匹配的插脚。作为上述方案的改进，所述插脚的下半部开口成“倒Y形”具有自张弹性与插接孔相对面的孔壁表面产生较大的摩擦力起到自锁紧作用，方便实验时容易拔插调换，内侧中部设计两小槽作为螺钉引导槽，若将实验成功的电路需要留着较长时间内使用或长距离搬运时，需要从插接板的底面旋上锁紧螺钉抗震抗松动，以确保电路系统始终接触良好不出故障。
作为上述方案的改进，所述PCB板和绝缘垫板对应位置上设有至少两个螺钉孔，藉由螺钉穿过所述螺钉孔以将所述PCB板固定在所述绝缘垫板的上表面。
作为上述方案的改进，所述绝缘垫板的下表面设有收容所述插脚上端部的沉坑，上表面设有与所述沉坑贯穿的沉头螺钉孔，且所述插脚的上端部设有第 一穿孔，藉由沉头螺钉穿过所述沉头螺钉孔以及所述第一穿孔，从而将所述插脚固定在所述绝缘垫板的下表面；所述沉头螺钉与所述PCB板之间设有绝缘贴以防止PCB上的电路被所述沉头螺钉短路。
作为上述方案的改进，每一所述绝缘垫板为一小平板，可通过预先在大平板上表面制作好等距离的沉头螺钉孔以及平板下表面制作好等距离的插脚方头沉坑得到的通用预制模块垫板剪裁得到。作为上述方案的改进，所述PCB板对外连接采用包括2倍数量插接端子和对应焊盘焊接连接在内的多种连接方式。
作为上述方案的改进，每一所述PCB即插式电子模块为由单一的元器件构成的单一多功能电子模块、由多个元器件组合而成的系统功能电子模块或替代公共连接点的节点模块；
所述单一多功能电子模块包括但不限于3孔插座模块、6孔插座模块、8脚IC插座模块、微调电阻模块以及电路节点模块；所述系统功能电子模块包括但不限于RS232串口通讯模块和五一单片机插座模块。系统功能电子模块还可以采用各种线排连接的多种连接方式。
作为上述方案的改进，所述PCB模块插接板为方形，所述若干正方形插接孔等距排列在所述PCB模块插接板上，形成M行×N列的矩阵。与现有技术相比，本实用新型公开的PCB即插式电子模块实验装置是将参与实验的各模块视为具有一定的功能特点、收入特性、输出特性、工作特性的合格的元器件产品来使用，要进行某一项实验时，只要从模块库中选择特性适合的模块安插在模块插接板上，用很少的杜邦线将它们的输入输出端、电源、测试仪表对照实验连接图连接起来，根据实验目的需求改变其中一个模块的有关部分电路即可达到实验目的，其余部分始终处在正常工作状态，不需要调整，实验效率极高，实验结束，将实验电路拆除，模块分别入库保存，多次重复使用，实验的时间成本和资金成本都十分节约。尤其是从实验到产品PCB完成都使用PCB技术，杜绝了在此之前，全球各电子大学在实验前期均用落后的面包板、洞洞板实验，后期才改用PCB技术的走弯路，浪费了开发产品的时间和培养电子人才的时间的现象。
其具有如下有益效果：
1、通用快捷，任何元器件都能够通过设计制作成PCB即插式电子模块方便地参与到实验装置中；且制作成的PCB即插式电子模块包括单一元器件多功能电子模块和系统功能电子模块，可以根据实验要求随意组合以完成简单电路或者复杂电路的实验，实验效率高；
2、PCB即插式电子模块通过插脚可任意插在PCB模块插接板上或从PCB模块插接板上拔出来，方便调换，尤其是利用该项技术中的单一元器件多功能模块、节点模块完成简单电路的实验时，可以按原理图来布局实验图，使实验图与原理图相似，十分方便电路检查、仪表连接和故障查找，电路接触良好抗震，实验效率极高。有利于培养青少年的兴趣爱好和全球的电子技能普及。
3、无论什么元器件或系统功能电路都可以做成模块参与PCB即插式模块化实验；无论是简单电路还是任何复杂的电路都能够用实验效率最高的PCB即插式模块化实验方法来完成；很适合在电子实验教学过程中由简单到复杂，由浅入深地在高效率的电子实验过程中培养电子人才，参与全球性的普及电子技能革命。
4、通过绝缘垫板、模块插脚和模块插接板等结构配套，完成各种复杂电路实验时电路稳定性好，不容易出故障，实验效率高；
5、实验者从电子入门开始直到被培养出高水平创新人才的全过程都使用PCB即插式模块这种开放性的全方位实验技术来完成实验，从此丢掉落后的面包板、洞洞板实验技术，让电子产品开发、电子创新人才培养以及电子设计竞赛技术直接同电子企业需求的PCB技术接轨，使电子实验技术跨上一个新的台阶。
附图说明
图1是利用本实用新型实施例提供的PCB即插式电子模块实验装置完成简单电路(555闪光灯电路)实验的模块布局图(上图是电路原理图)
图2为PCB即插式电子模块图；
图3为PCB即插式电子模块的具体结构组成图；
图4a～4b显示了图3中插脚和绝缘垫板之间的连接结构；
图5a～5b显示了形成图3所示的绝缘垫板的预制模块垫板的结构；
图6为图1所示的A局部示意图；
图7为利用本实用新型实施例提供的PCB即插式电子模块实验装置完成复杂电路(单片机通讯电路)实验的模块布局图(原理图未画出)。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本实用新型实施例中的附图，对本实用新型实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本实用新型一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本实用新型中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本实用新型保护的范围。
参见图1，是利用本实用新型实施例提供的PCB即插式电子模块实验装置完成简单电路(555闪光灯电路)实验的模块布局图(上图是电路原理图)。其中，本实用新型的PCB即插式电子模块实验装置包括PCB模块插接板20和若干PCB即插式电子模块100，所述PCB模块插接板20上设有若干插接孔21，每一所述PCB即插式电子模块20(通过插脚，后面描述)可插拔式地固定在所述PCB模块插接板的任意所述插接孔上，然后，通过连接件(例如，导线或者线排)电连接所述各个PCB即插式电子模块，即可完成各种电路实验。
参考图2，本实用新型的PCB即插式电子模块1，按照功能大小可分为两大类，一类是由单一元器件构成的单一多功能电子模块，如图2中的6孔插座模块1、微调电阻模块2、8脚IC插座模块3、3孔插座模块4以及电路节点模块5等，其中，
6孔插座模块1，可以插接6脚和少于6脚的集成电路、中小功率三极管、 各种二极管，电阻、电容等元器件；
微调电阻模块2，可以替代各种阻值范围内的小功率电位器、可变电阻和固定电阻实验；
8脚DIP封装集成电路插座模块3，除可以用来插接8脚DIP封装集成电路外，还可以用来插接4脚、6脚光耦以及电阻、电容、二极管等二端元器件；
3孔插座模块4，用来插接中小功率三极管、各种二极管电阻、电容等；
电路节点模块5，可以同时插接8线。节点，指电路图中的公共点，具有节点功能的模块称为节点模块，图2中的5是节点模块，图1中用了4只节点模块。
另一类是由多个元器件组合而成的系统功能电子模块或替代公共连接点的节点模块，如图2中的RS232串口通讯模块6以及五一单片机插座模块7，属于由多个元器件组合而成的系统功能电子模块。参考图3，各元器件模块的输出端子10的总数均设计为2倍实际输出端子数，方便串、并连测试仪表和元器件。除了使用免焊接的插接输出技术外，每个输出端子还提供有焊盘111，有利于做防干扰实验和实施可靠的焊接技术连接时的需要。
下面，以8脚IC插座模块3为例说明每个PCB即插式电子模块100的具体结构，如图3所示，所示PCB即插式电子模块100包括PCB板11、设于所述PCB板11上的元器件9(在本实施例中，元器件为微调电阻)和端子座10(本实施例优选为杜邦线插接端子座)、插脚16以及固定于所述PCB板11和插脚16之间的绝缘垫板15。PCB板对外连接采用包括2倍数量插接端子和对应焊盘焊接连接在内的多种连接方式，参看图1～图2，2倍数量插接端子方便实验时连接测试仪表，减少节点模块的用量。设计焊盘的作用是提供可靠的焊接连接方式功能。)
其中，所述插脚16能够恰好插入并卡在所述PCB模块插接板20的插接孔21中，例如，当所述插接孔为方孔，所述插脚为与所述插接孔匹配的尼龙插脚。 每一所述PCB即插式电子模块100通过所述插脚16可插拔式地固定在所述PCB模块插接板20的任意所述插接孔21上。所述插脚16为与所述插接孔形状匹配的尼龙膨胀插脚。所述PCB板11和绝缘垫板15对应位置上设有至少两个螺钉孔(18&18’)，藉由螺钉8穿过所述螺钉孔(18&18’)能够将所述PCB板11固定在所述绝缘垫板15的上表面。同时，所述绝缘垫板15的下表面设有收容所述插脚16的沉坑152，上表面设有与所述沉坑152贯穿的沉头螺钉孔151(参考图4)，且所述插脚16的上表面设有第一穿孔161，藉由沉头螺钉13穿过所述沉头螺钉孔151以及所述第一穿孔161，从而将所述插脚16固定在所述绝缘垫板15的下表面。另外，为了防止所述沉头螺钉13影响到所述PCB板上的线路，在所述沉头螺钉13与所述PCB板11之间设有绝缘体12(例如，可为绝缘胶贴)。
其中，所述插脚16的下端部的尼龙条开口成“倒Y形”，通过所述尼龙条的自膨胀弹性与插接孔21相对面的孔壁表面产生较大的摩擦力而起到自锁紧作用；且所述插脚16的下端部的端面内侧设有螺钉引导槽，当每一所述PCB即插式电子模块通过其插脚插在所述PCB模块插接板的任意所述插接孔上时，可通过锁紧螺钉17插入穿过所述插接孔21和所述螺钉引导槽162，从而将所述插脚16锁定在所述插接孔21上。锁紧螺钉17是在实验过程中防止模块松脱时才使用，一般情况下，因插脚16的下半部开口成“倒Y形”具有自膨胀弹性与插接孔相对面的孔壁表面产生较大的摩擦力起到自锁紧作用，也方便实验时容易拔插调换，端面内侧中点制作两小槽162作为螺钉引导槽，若将实验成功的电路需要留着较长时间内使用或长距离搬运时，需要从插接板的底面旋上锁紧螺钉抗震抗松动，以确保电路系统始终接触良好不出故障。
继续参考图3，组装所述PCB即插式电子模块100的过程如下：先依据元器件微调电阻和杜邦线插接端子设计PCB电路和螺钉孔位置，PCB板11制作好后，安装元器件9(微调电阻)和杜邦线插接端子座10，整平焊接底层面，高度小于2mm；然后，在绝缘垫板毛坯板150上裁一小块绝缘垫板15，每一所述绝缘垫板15为一小平板，可通过预先在大平板上表面制作好等距离的沉头螺 钉孔以及平板下表面制作好等距离的插脚方头沉坑得到的通用预制模块垫板剪裁得到。例如，如图5a、5b所示，本实施例的绝缘垫板可为绝缘垫板毛坯板150制作而成，即预先在平板上表面制作好等距离的沉头螺钉孔151，在平板下表面制作好等距离的插脚方头沉坑152，以方便制作大小不同和插脚数不同的预制模板块垫板，方便实验者根据实际需要制作任意大小的、插脚数量不同(可选择1～4只)，但脚距等于n倍于孔距的绝缘垫板15。制作时，从图5a的绝缘垫板毛坯板150上按PCB大小，确定好插脚的数量和位置后截取一块绝缘垫板15，用小电钻对准PCB板11上的螺钉孔位在小块绝缘垫板15上打两个螺钉孔两个螺钉孔(18&18’)，先将螺钉13通过螺钉孔15旋入尼龙膨胀插脚16的顶端孔161中(图4a)，顶端平面与方形凹坑152的结合见图4b；然后，然后通过拧沉头螺钉13安装好尼龙插脚16固定在所述绝缘垫板15的下表面，同时在沉头螺钉平头上方贴一小块绝缘胶贴12，最后通过螺钉8把PCB板11固定安装在绝缘垫板15的上表面。
参考图6，为图1所示的PCB模块插接板的局部放大图。在本实施例中，该PCB模块插接板由上板27和下板28通过沉头螺钉25连接构成(加厚更坚固，且可实现双面插接)，PCB模块插接板20下面通过4条支架23作为支撑，从而使PCB模块插接板平稳固定。该PCB模块插接板20为方形，所述若干插接孔21(本实施例为方孔，但并不局限于此)等距排列在所述PCB模块插接板上，形成M行×N列的矩阵。且插接板20上可通过设置编码24来指示每一个插接孔21的具体位置，例如，在本实施例中，通过字母A、B、C、D......来表示每一行，并通过数字1、2、3、4......来表示每一列，那么，在本实施例中，从上往下、从左往右数的最后一个插接孔21的具体位置即为A行26列。
可以理解的，所述PCB模块插接板可通过至少两个PCB模块插接子板拼接构成，每个PCB模块插接子板上设有所述插接孔。即在完成复杂电路实验时，可以将2个、3个甚至多个PCB模块插接子板拼接成一个大的PCB模块插接板 来进行PCB即插式电子模块的插接和连接，从而完成电路实验。
结合图1和图6，下面通过一个实际的例子来说明本实用新型的PCB即插式电子模块实验装置的工作原理及过程：例如，利用本实用新型的PCB即插式电子模块实验装置完成图1所示的555多谐振荡器LED闪光灯实验时，将各个PCB即插式电子模块插入PCB模块插接板上适当位置的插接孔来形成实验布局，其中，图1中的上图为555多谐振荡器LED闪光灯电路原理图，下图为利用本实用新型实施的PCB即插式电子模块构成该简单电路(555LED闪光灯)的实验模块布局图。在该布局中，①用了两只3孔插座模块4，左上角1只用来插4.7K的电阻R，左下角1只用来插4.7uF/16V的电解电容C。②用了1只100K的微调电阻RW1模块2安插在左边中部。③用了1只DIP封装8脚集成电路插座模块3插放在实验布局的中央，提供给插接555集成电路使用。④用了1只6孔插座模块1插放在右侧，供插两只LED使用。6只元器件使用5只单个元器件多功能电子模块。由于各模块的实际输出端子采用2倍于原端子数，原理图中左面的两个等电位节点和555的3脚节点都可以不用再增加节点模块就能够实现对应连接，因此，只需插放3只节点模块，下方放1只用作接地点，上方中部放1只用来对555的8脚的所有等电位点连接，最后1只放在右上角接可变电源0-12V，2只模拟指针电压表和1只数字电流表都用特制的一端为杜邦线的专用仪表测试线插接连接，全部连接完成后，再对照电路连接图将实验连接图检查一遍，就可以接通电源，缓慢升压观察仪表，开始调试实验了。由于连接图与原理图很相似，有利于电路检查和故障查找，实验成功率和效率都很高。
图7是利用本实用新型实施例提供的PCB即插式电子模块实验装置完成复杂电路(单片机通讯电路)实验的模块布局图(原理图未画出)。图中用了6只多个元器件组合而成的系统功能电子模块和5只节点模块，按照电路原理图正确连接，通过测试调整元器件、电源等参数或者更换模块，可以高效率地完成复杂电路的实验。
可见，一个小功能系统电路实验成功后就可以设计PCB图制作PCB安装好元器件，调试成功后再安装垫板和插脚就成为一块系统集成模块，利用相关电路的多个系统集成模块可以完成各种复杂电路的实验，这种实验方法特别有利于开发新电子产品和参加电子设计竞赛。尤其是利用高精度的工具自己制作实验用PCB时，无论是开发电子产品还是培养电子创新人才的速度都比发外打板快100多倍。
通过PCB即插式电子模块可以稳妥地插放在PCB模块插接板上，位置和方向可以任意调整。做简单电路实验时以最简单的元器件功能模块为主，可以方便地按照原理图上元器件和节点的分布来布局电路，同电源正极相连接的导线用红色，同电源负极相连接的导线用黑色，使实验布局图与原理图相似，有利于初学者检查电路、连接测试仪表和故障排除，实验成功率高；做复杂电路实验时，以实验成功、性能稳定的系统集成模块为主，不仅可以减少连接导线数量以防止接触不良和信号干扰，需要调整参数时只调整改动相关模块，实验效率和成功率极高。PCB模块插接板可用支架支撑在各种平台面上。
做大系统或特大系统电路实验时可以根据需要将PCB模块插接板拼接扩大，还能够侧叠放置，有助于实验系统稳定可靠，电路接触良好，顺利完成实验。PCB模块插接板提供双面插接模块布局实验电路的功能，把多余的模块插接孔当做导线过孔，需要移动实验PCB模块插接板或较长时期内才能完成的实验，可以用螺钉从PCB模块插接板的底面将模块插脚锁定。
在PCB即插式电子模块实验装置新技术的支持下，无论做简单电路实验还是做复杂电路实验，效率都非常高，不仅电子爱好者将会越来越多。而且用PCB技术完成实验，直接同产品PCB技术接轨，有利于加快电子创新人才的培养和电子产品的开发，加快我国电子产业的发展。
以上所述是本实用新型的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本实用新型原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也视为本实用新型的保护范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种PCB即插式电子模块实验装置，其特征在于，包括PCB模块插接板和若干PCB即插式电子模块，所述PCB模块插接板上设有若干插接孔，每一所述PCB即插式电子模块包括PCB板、设于所述PCB板上的元器件和端子座、插脚以及固定于所述PCB板和插脚之间的绝缘垫板，每一所述PCB即插式电子模块通过所述插脚可插拔式地固定在所述PCB模块插接板的任意所述插接孔上；藉由连接件连接所述端子座以实现所述PCB即插式电子模块之间的电连接，从而完成各种电路实验。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的PCB即插式电子模块实验装置，其特征在于，所述插脚为与所述插接孔形状匹配的插脚，所述插脚的下端部开口成“倒Y形”，通过所述的自张弹性与插接孔相对面的孔壁表面产生较大的摩擦力而起到自锁紧作用。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的PCB即插式电子模块实验装置，其特征在于，所述PCB板和绝缘垫板对应位置上设有至少两个螺钉孔，藉由螺钉穿过所述螺钉孔以将所述PCB板固定在所述绝缘垫板的上表面。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的PCB即插式电子模块实验装置，其特征在于，所述绝缘垫板的下表面设有收容所述插脚上端部的沉坑，上表面设有与所述沉坑贯穿的沉头螺钉孔，且所述插脚的上端部设有第一穿孔，藉由沉头螺钉穿过所述沉头螺钉孔以及所述第一穿孔，从而将所述插脚固定在所述绝缘垫板的下表面；所述沉头螺钉与所述PCB板之间设有绝缘贴以防止PCB上的电路被所述沉头螺钉短路。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的PCB即插式电子模块实验装置，其特征在于，所述插脚的下端部的端面内侧设有螺钉引导槽，当每一所述PCB即插式电子模块通过其插脚插在所述PCB模块插接板的任意所述插接孔上时，可在插接孔的另一面通过螺钉穿过所述螺钉引导槽，从而将所述插脚锁定在所述插接孔上。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的PCB即插式电子模块实验装置，其特征在于，每一所述长宽不等的绝缘垫板为一小平板，可通过预先在大平板上表面制作好等距离的沉头螺钉孔以及平板下表面制作好等距离的插脚方头沉坑得到的通用预制模块垫板剪裁得到。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的PCB即插式电子模块实验装置，其特征在于，所述PCB板对外连接采用包括2倍数量插接端子和对应焊盘焊接连接在内的多种连接方式。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的PCB即插式电子模块实验装置，其特征在于，每一所述PCB即插式电子模块为由单一的元器件构成的单一多功能电子模块、由多个元器件组合而成的系统功能电子模块或替代公共连接点的节点模块；
    所述单一功能电子模块包括但不限于3孔插座模块、6孔插座模块、8脚IC插座模块、微调电阻模块以及电路节点模块；所述系统功能电子模块包括但不限于RS232串口通讯模块和五一单片机插座模块；系统功能电子模块还可以采用各种线排连接的多种连接方式。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的PCB即插式电子模块实验装置，其特征在于，所述PCB模块插接板为方形，所述若干正方形插接孔等距排列在所述PCB模块插接板上，形成M行×N列的矩阵。
PCT/CN2015/075567 2014-07-30 2015-03-31 Pcb即插式电子模块实验装置 WO2016015484A1 (zh)

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