WO2016002414A1 - 鋼線用線材および鋼線 - Google Patents
鋼線用線材および鋼線 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016002414A1 WO2016002414A1 PCT/JP2015/065864 JP2015065864W WO2016002414A1 WO 2016002414 A1 WO2016002414 A1 WO 2016002414A1 JP 2015065864 W JP2015065864 W JP 2015065864W WO 2016002414 A1 WO2016002414 A1 WO 2016002414A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/10—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing cobalt
- C22C38/105—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing cobalt containing Co and Ni
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B5/00—Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/009—Pearlite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
- C21D8/08—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires for concrete reinforcement
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2001—Wires or filaments
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a wire for steel wire that is a material of a high-strength steel wire used for a wire rope, PC steel wire, and the like, and such a steel wire.
- the bending fatigue characteristics of the strands are important factors that determine the design strength and life of the ropes.
- the wire material for high-strength steel wires excellent in bending fatigue characteristics is also useful as a material for PC (Pressed Concrete) steel wires.
- PC Pressureed Concrete
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for improving fatigue strength by finely depositing BN inclusions in steel.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for improving the fatigue characteristics evaluated in a 10 7 cycle rotating bending fatigue test by reducing the amount of hydrogen in an ultrafine steel wire having a drawn pearlite structure.
- JP 2011-225990 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-256274
- Patent Document 1 The characteristic that is a problem in the technique of Patent Document 1 is high cycle fatigue that occurs near the fatigue limit of 10 7 repetitions, and the mechanism is different from that of the low cycle fatigue.
- products exposed to the outside air for a long time, such as wire rope fatigue cracks are likely to occur due to oxidation of the surface layer and friction between the strands, and the crack growth is promoted by hydrogen that has penetrated into the steel.
- the fatigue characteristics considered in Patent Document 2 are also high cycle fatigue, and in the case of products that have hydrogen penetration from the outside, such as wire rope and PC steel wire, Since the low cycle fatigue characteristics are lowered, it is not sufficient to simply reduce the amount of hydrogen in the steel as in Patent Document 2 above.
- the present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above, and its purpose is excellent in low cycle fatigue characteristics and is useful as a material for high-strength steel wires such as wire ropes and PC steel wires. And providing a steel wire capable of exhibiting such characteristics.
- the wire rod for steel wire of the present invention that can solve the above-mentioned problems is, in mass%, C: 0.70 to 1.3%, Si: 0.1 to 1.5%, Mn: 0.1 to 1. 5%, N: 0.001 to 0.006%, Al: 0.001 to 0.10%, Ti: 0.02 to 0.20%, B: 0.0005 to 0.010%, P: 0 %, 0.030% or less, S: 0% or more, 0.030% or less, the balance being iron and inevitable impurities, pearlite as the main phase, and hydrogen diffusion coefficient in steel at 300 ° C D satisfies the following formula (1).
- pearlite as the main phase means that 95% by area or more of the metal structure is a pearlite structure.
- the wire material for high-strength steel wire of the present invention is further in mass%, (A) Cr: more than 0%, 1.0% or less and V: more than 0%, 0.5% or less, (B) Ni: more than 0%, 0.5% or less and Nb: at least one kind of more than 0%, 0.5% or less, (C) Co: more than 0%, 1.0% or less, (D) Mo: more than 0%, 0.5% or less and Cu: more than 0%, 0.5% or less, Etc. are also preferable.
- the present invention includes a steel wire having the above-described chemical composition of steel and having a hydrogen diffusion coefficient D in the steel at 300 ° C. satisfying the following expression (1).
- D ⁇ 2.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 (cm 2 / sec) (1)
- hydrogen diffusion in steel is hindered by the hydrogen trap effect by Ti-based inclusions such as finely dispersed TiC, and a steel wire having excellent fatigue characteristics is obtained by reducing its diffusion coefficient.
- Can do In particular, it exhibits excellent characteristics against low cycle fatigue caused by repeated stress loading of about 10 4 to 10 5 times.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view showing an implementation status of a four-point bending fatigue test.
- the present inventors diligently investigated the factors that influence the low cycle fatigue characteristics in a steel wire material having a metal structure having pearlite as a main phase.
- the deterioration of the fatigue characteristics due to hydrogen is caused by the fact that hydrogen in the steel diffuses toward the minute cracks generated in the steel material due to repeated stress and embrittles the structure around the cracks.
- hydrogen that has entered from the outside world also reduces fatigue properties. Therefore, fatigue characteristics can be improved by inhibiting hydrogen diffusion in the steel and reducing the amount of hydrogen accumulated around the cracks.
- fatigue characteristics are improved by setting the hydrogen diffusion coefficient D in steel at 300 ° C. to 2.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 (cm 2 / sec) or less.
- the hydrogen diffusion coefficient D is a physical property value depending on temperature
- the hydrogen diffusion coefficient D in steel at 300 ° C. is used as an index.
- the reason is derived from the method for measuring the hydrogen diffusion coefficient.
- a method of analyzing the hydrogen gas release curve obtained by raising the temperature of the sample in the measuring instrument is adopted, but the low temperature part of the release curve is easily affected by disturbance. Not suitable for accurate evaluation. This is because hydrogen released at a low temperature is called diffusible hydrogen, and diffusion at room temperature cannot be ignored, so it is affected by the storage state of the sample used for measurement.
- the hydrogen diffusion coefficient D is preferably 2.3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 (cm 2 / sec) or less, and more preferably 2.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 (cm 2 / sec) or less.
- the steel wire rod according to the present invention needs to have its chemical composition adjusted appropriately in order to exert its basic characteristics when applied to a wire or the like.
- the chemical component composition is as follows. Note that “%” in the chemical composition is all “mass%”.
- C (C: 0.70 to 1.3%) C is an element effective for increasing the strength, and the strength of the wire before cold working (steel wire) and the strength of the steel wire after cold working improves as the amount of C increases. Therefore, the C amount is set to 0.70% or more.
- the amount of C is preferably 0.74% or more, and more preferably 0.78% or more.
- pre-deposition ⁇ pro-eutectoid cementite
- Si has an action as a deoxidizer and also has an action of improving the strength of the wire.
- the Si amount was determined to be 0.1% or more.
- the amount of Si is preferably 0.15% or more, and more preferably 0.18% or more.
- the Si amount is set to 1.5% or less.
- the amount of Si is preferably 1.4% or less, and more preferably 1.3% or less.
- Mn has a deoxidizing effect similar to Si, but has an effect of increasing the toughness and ductility of steel by fixing S in the steel as MnS.
- the amount of Mn is set to 0.1% or more.
- the amount of Mn is preferably 0.15% or more, more preferably 0.20% or more.
- Mn is an element that is easily segregated, and if added excessively, the hardenability of the Mn segregated portion is excessively increased, and a supercooled structure such as martensite may be generated. Therefore, the amount of Mn is set to 1.5% or less.
- the amount of Mn is preferably 1.4% or less, more preferably 1.3% or less.
- N (N: 0.001 to 0.006%) N combines with B in the steel to form BN, and the effect of B is lost. Further, N in a solid solution state causes a decrease in torsional characteristics due to strain aging during wire drawing, and if it is remarkable, causes vertical cracks. In order to prevent these harmful effects, the N content is 0.006% or less.
- the N amount is preferably 0.005% or less, and more preferably 0.004% or less.
- the N amount is set to 0.001% or more.
- the N amount is preferably 0.0015% or more, more preferably 0.0020% or more.
- Al is an effective deoxidizing element. It also has the effect of forming a nitride such as AlN to refine the crystal grains. In order to effectively exhibit such an effect, the Al content is set to 0.001% or more.
- the amount of Al is preferably 0.002% or more, and more preferably 0.003% or more.
- Al is set to 0.10% or less.
- the amount of Al is preferably 0.09% or less, and more preferably 0.08% or less.
- Ti forms carbides such as TiC and has a function of reducing the diffusion coefficient of hydrogen and improving the fatigue characteristics of the steel wire. Moreover, it combines with N in the steel to form a nitride such as TiN, and has the function of preventing the twisting characteristics from being lowered by N. In order to effectively exhibit these effects, the Ti content is 0.02% or more.
- the amount of Ti is preferably 0.03% or more, more preferably 0.04% or more.
- the Ti content is 0.20% or less.
- the amount of Ti is preferably 0.15% or less, and more preferably 0.10% or less.
- B has a function of suppressing pro-eutectoid ferrite (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as “pre-deposition ⁇ ”) precipitated at the grain boundaries, and is effective in improving fatigue characteristics. Moreover, by forming BN, the effect of fixing the solid solution N in steel and improving the twisting property can be expected. In order to effectively exhibit the effect of B, the amount of B needs to be 0.0005% or more.
- the lower limit of the preferable amount of B is 0.0007% or more, more preferably 0.001% or more.
- the amount of B is preferably 0.008% or less, and more preferably 0.006% or less.
- P 0% or more, 0.030% or less
- P segregates at the prior austenite grain boundaries, embrittles the grain boundaries, and lowers fatigue strength. Therefore, the smaller the content, the better. Therefore, the P content is 0.030% or less.
- the amount of P is preferably 0.025% or less, and more preferably 0.020% or less.
- the amount of P may be 0%, but is usually contained at 0.001% or more.
- S (S: 0% or more, 0.030% or less) S, like P, segregates at the prior austenite grain boundaries, embrittles the grain boundaries, and lowers fatigue strength. Therefore, the content is preferably as small as possible. Therefore, the S amount is 0.030% or less.
- the amount of S is preferably 0.025% or less, and more preferably 0.020% or less.
- the amount of S may be 0%, but is usually contained at 0.001% or more.
- the basic components of the wire rod of the present invention are as described above, and the balance is substantially iron. However, it is naturally allowed that inevitable impurities brought into the steel depending on the situation of raw materials, materials, manufacturing equipment, etc. are contained in the steel.
- the wire of the present invention further improves properties such as strength, toughness, ductility, etc.
- D) Mo: more than 0%, 0.5% or less and Cu: more than 0%, 0.5% or less, Etc. are also preferable.
- Cr and V are elements useful in increasing the strength (tensile strength) of the wire, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Cr has the effect of increasing the strength and toughness of the wire rod by reducing the pearlite lamella spacing.
- the Cr content is preferably 0.05% or more.
- the amount of Cr is more preferably 0.10% or more, and still more preferably 0.15% or more.
- the Cr amount is preferably 1.0% or less.
- the amount of Cr is more preferably 0.8% or less, and still more preferably 0.6% or less.
- V has the effect of improving the strength of the wire by forming carbonitride. Further, in the same manner as Nb, nitride forms excessive solid solution N and nitride after precipitation of AlN and contributes to refinement of crystal grains, and also has an effect of suppressing aging embrittlement by fixing solid solution N.
- the V amount is preferably 0.01% or more, more preferably 0.02% or more, and further preferably 0.03% or more.
- V is an expensive element, and even if added excessively, the effect is saturated and economically wasteful, so the V amount is preferably 0.5% or less, more preferably 0.4% or less, More preferably, it is 0.2% or less.
- Ni and Nb are elements useful for increasing the toughness of the steel wire, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Ni is an element that enhances the toughness of the steel wire after drawing.
- the Ni content is preferably 0.05% or more, more preferably 0.1% or more, and further preferably 0.2% or more.
- the Ni content is preferably 0.5% or less, more preferably 0.4% or less, and still more preferably 0.3% or less.
- Nb like Ti and Al, forms a nitride, contributes to improving the toughness of the steel wire by refining crystal grains, and also has the effect of suppressing aging embrittlement by fixing solid solution N.
- the Nb content is preferably 0.01% or more, more preferably 0.03% or more, and still more preferably 0.05% or more.
- Nb is an expensive element, and even if added excessively, the effect is saturated and economically wasteful, so the amount of Nb is preferably 0.5% or less, more preferably 0.4% or less, More preferably, it is 0.3% or less.
- Co over 0%, 1.0% or less
- Co has an effect of reducing generation of pro-eutectoid cementite and making the structure a uniform pearlite structure particularly when the amount of C is high.
- the Co content is preferably 0.05% or more, more preferably 0.1% or more, and further preferably 0.2% or more.
- the Co content is preferably 1.0% or less, more preferably 0.8% or less, and still more preferably 0.6% or less.
- Mo more than 0%, 0.5% or less and Cu: more than 0%, 0.5% or less
- Mo is an element that improves the corrosion resistance of the steel wire.
- the Mo amount is preferably 0.05% or more, more preferably 0.1% or more, and further preferably 0.2% or more.
- the Mo amount is preferably 0.5% or less, more preferably 0.4% or less, and still more preferably 0.3% or less.
- Cu is an element that improves the corrosion resistance of steel wires.
- the amount of Cu is preferably 0.05% or more, more preferably 0.08% or more, and further preferably 0.10% or more.
- the amount of Cu is preferably 0.5% or less, more preferably 0.4% or less, and still more preferably 0.3% or less.
- Mo and Cu may be contained in combination of one or two kinds.
- the wire rod before cold drawing is usually produced by melting, split-rolling and hot-rolling steel with appropriately controlled chemical components, and further performing patenting treatment as necessary.
- the Ti content is appropriately controlled within the above range, and then Ti system such as TiC is used. It is important to appropriately control the precipitation behavior of inclusions.
- the slab is heated to 1200 ° C. or higher to decompose the coarse TiC precipitated during casting.
- the heating temperature is lower than 1200 ° C., coarse TiC remains in the wire and the hydrogen diffusion coefficient cannot be sufficiently reduced, so that the fatigue strength is lowered.
- This heating temperature is more preferably 1250 ° C. or more, and further preferably 1300 ° C. or more. However, if the heating temperature becomes too high, melting of the wire material occurs, so the temperature is usually set to about 1400 ° C.
- the strain rate in the final four passes of rolling is 0.5 second ⁇ 1 or more, and the crystal grains are refined by dynamic recrystallization, It is preferable to deposit fine TiC. If the strain rate is less than 0.5 sec ⁇ 1 , TiC cannot be sufficiently miniaturized and the hydrogen diffusion coefficient D cannot be sufficiently reduced.
- the strain rate at this time is more preferably 0.8 sec ⁇ 1 or more, and further preferably 1.0 sec ⁇ 1 or more. However, from the viewpoint of equipment load, the strain rate is usually preferably 5 seconds -1 or less.
- strain rate V ⁇ is equal to the cross-sectional area S 0 (m 2 ) before entering the first roll, four rolls before the final pass, and the cross-sectional area S 4 (m 2 ) after passing the final pass.
- total passage time (rolling time) t (seconds) of 4 passes can be expressed by the following equation (2).
- V ⁇ ⁇ ln (S 0 / S 4 ) ⁇ / t (2)
- the mounting temperature of the rolled material (wire material) on the lay head is 800 to 1000 ° C.
- the mounting temperature is more preferably 980 ° C. or lower, and further preferably 950 ° C. or lower.
- the mounting temperature is less than 800 ° C.
- the mounting temperature is more preferably 820 ° C. or higher, and further preferably 850 ° C. or higher.
- the wire After placing, the wire is cooled on a cooling conveyor, and pearlite transformation is caused during this cooling, but it is preferable to rapidly cool the pearlite transformation at an average cooling rate of 5 ° C./second or more. If the average cooling rate at this time is slow, TiC is likely to be coarsened and the hydrogen diffusion coefficient may be increased. Further, when the average cooling rate is less than 5 ° C./second, a structure with extremely rough lamellar spacing called “corse pearlite” is deposited locally, which may reduce the drawability.
- the temperature of a wire may be measured and the point (inflection point) where a cooling curve may change by transformation heat_generation
- the average cooling rate is more preferably 10 ° C./second or more, and further preferably 15 ° C./second or more.
- a preferable upper limit of the average cooling rate is 100 ° C./second or less, and more preferably 50 ° C./second or less.
- the wire obtained as described above can be used as a steel wire after being drawn (cold working) as it is, but may be subjected to a patenting treatment before the drawing.
- a patenting treatment before the drawing.
- the heating temperature when the patenting treatment is performed (hereinafter, this temperature may be referred to as “reheating temperature”) is preferably about 900 to 1000 ° C., more preferably 920 ° C. or more and 980 ° C. or less.
- the reheating temperature is preferably 900 ° C. or higher from the standpoint of preventing undissolved carbide from remaining and making the structure completely austenitic.
- TiC becomes coarse and the hydrogen diffusion coefficient D increases.
- the holding temperature in the patenting treatment is preferably about 530 to 600 ° C., more preferably 550 ° C. or higher and 580 ° C. or lower.
- the wire diffusion material D of the present invention has a sufficiently reduced hydrogen diffusion coefficient D in steel, a steel wire obtained by cold working the wire, a wire rope using the steel wire in whole or in part, a PC steel wire, etc. These products have better fatigue properties than normal products.
- the obtained hydrogen release curve approximates that the hydrogen is uniformly distributed in the sample, assumes a sample shape of an infinite cylinder, and shows a hydrogen release curve obtained by numerical calculation using the diffusion coefficient as a parameter.
- the hydrogen diffusion coefficient D was determined by fitting. The results are shown in Table 4 below. In order to make the infinite cylinder approximation effective, the sample length was set to 5 times the diameter or more. At this time, the peak of hydrogen release used for fitting was a peak having a peak temperature of 200 ° C. or higher. The low temperature peak appearing at 200 ° C. or lower is called diffusible hydrogen, and is not used for evaluating the diffusion coefficient because it can be influenced by disturbances such as being released even at room temperature. From the correlation curve between the temperature thus obtained and the diffusion coefficient, the diffusion coefficient at 300 ° C. was determined as the hydrogen diffusion coefficient D.
- the obtained wire coil was drawn to produce a steel wire (wire), and a tensile test, a twist property evaluation, a fatigue property evaluation, and a hydrogen diffusion coefficient D were measured.
- Table 5 shows the reduction in area during wire drawing and the wire diameter of the steel wire obtained by wire drawing.
- the twisting property was evaluated based on the twist value (number of times of rupture twist) required for rupture after conducting a twist test.
- the twist value was normalized by converting the distance between the chucks (test wire length) to 100 times the wire diameter d (100d). Moreover, the normal fracture surface and the vertical crack were discriminated by the fracture surface observation, and even one of the five vertical cracks was described as “with vertical crack” in Table 5 below.
- the fatigue characteristics were evaluated by repeatedly performing a four-point bending fatigue test using a jig that supported four points.
- 1 is a test piece (wire)
- 2 is a direction in which repeated stress is applied
- ⁇ is a support point.
- the maximum stress amplitude in the sample determined to be acceptable was defined as 100,000 times fatigue strength.
- the 100,000 times fatigue strength is shown in Table 5 below.
- the stress waveform was a sine wave and the frequency was 10 Hz.
- test No. 1 to 3 and 9 to 20 are described in JIS G 3522 (1991) IV because the chemical composition, metal structure (perlite area ratio), and hydrogen diffusion coefficient D are all within the ranges specified in the present invention.
- Steel wire that achieves a fatigue strength exceeding 0.45 times the tensile strength TS after obtaining a tensile strength exceeding the “Class B Piano wire” (standard, for example, 1620 to 1770 MPa when the wire diameter is 7.0 mm) (Wire) is obtained.
- test no. Examples 4 to 8 and 21 to 26 are examples in which any of the requirements of the present invention is not satisfied. Of these, test no. In No. 4, since the heating temperature at the time of the ingot rolling was low, coarse TiC precipitated, the hydrogen diffusion coefficient D increased, and the fatigue strength decreased.
- Test No. No. 7 has a high mounting temperature after hot rolling. In No. 8, since the cooling rate after rolling was slow, TiC coarsened, the hydrogen diffusion coefficient D increased, and the fatigue strength decreased.
- Test No. No. 21 is an example using a steel type P having a small amount of C, which has a mixed phase structure of ferrite and pearlite, has low tensile strength and twisting characteristics, and has reduced fatigue strength.
- Test No. No. 22 is an example using the steel type Q having a large amount of C. Since a large amount of pro-eutectoid cementite precipitated, the wire was broken during wire drawing.
- Test No. No. 23 is an example using a steel type R having a small amount of Ti.
- the amount of TiC is small, the hydrogen diffusion coefficient D is increased, and the fatigue strength is lowered.
- Test No. No. 24 is an example using the steel type S with a large amount of Ti. A large amount of Ti-based inclusions were precipitated and disconnected during wire drawing.
- Test No. 25 is an example using the steel type T having a large amount of B, and the sample was not obtained due to disconnection during hot rolling.
- Test No. No. 26 is an example using a steel type U with a small amount of B, and the twisting characteristics and fatigue strength were lowered.
- the hydrogen diffusion coefficient D is also increased.
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Abstract
Description
D≦2.5×10-7(cm2/秒) …(1)
(a)Cr:0%超、1.0%以下およびV:0%超、0.5%以下の少なくとも1種、
(b)Ni:0%超、0.5%以下およびNb:0%超、0.5%以下の少なくとも1種、
(c)Co:0%超、1.0%以下、
(d)Mo:0%超、0.5%以下およびCu:0%超、0.5%以下の少なくとも1種、
等を含有することも好ましい。
D≦2.5×10-7(cm2/秒) …(1)
Cは、強度の上昇に有効な元素であり、C量の増加に伴って、冷間加工前の線材(鋼線材)、および冷間加工後の鋼線の強度が向上する。そこで、C量は0.70%以上と定めた。C量は、好ましくは0.74%以上であり、より好ましくは0.78%以上である。しかし、C量が過剰になり過ぎると、初析セメンタイト(以下、「初析θ」と略記することがある)が析出し、伸線加工中に断線を引き起こす。そこで、C量は1.3%以下と定めた。C量は、好ましくは1.2%以下であり、より好ましくは1.1%以下である。
Siは、脱酸剤としての作用を有し、また線材の強度を向上させる作用も有する。これらの作用を有効に発揮させるために、Si量を0.1%以上と定めた。Si量は、好ましくは0.15%以上であり、より好ましくは0.18%以上である。一方、Si量が過剰になり過ぎると、冷間伸線性を悪化させ、断線率の増加を引き起こす。そこで、Si量を1.5%以下と定めた。Si量は好ましくは1.4%以下であり、より好ましくは1.3%以下である。
Mnは、Siと同様に脱酸作用も有しているが、特に鋼中のSをMnSとして固定して、鋼の靭性および延性を高める作用を有している。これらの作用を有効に発揮させるために、Mn量は0.1%以上とする。Mn量は、好ましくは0.15%以上であり、より好ましくは0.20%以上である。しかしながら、Mnは偏析し易い元素であり、過剰に添加すると、Mn偏析部の焼入れ性が過剰に増大し、マルテンサイト等の過冷組織を生成させる恐れがある。そこで、Mn量は1.5%以下と定めた。Mn量は、好ましくは1.4%以下であり、より好ましくは1.3%以下である。
Nは、鋼中のBと化合してBNを形成し、Bによる効果を失わせる。また、固溶状態のNは伸線時に歪み時効による捻回特性の低下を引き起こし、著しい場合には縦割れを招く。これらの弊害を防ぐために、N量は0.006%以下とする。N量は、好ましくは0.005%以下であり、より好ましくは0.004%以下である。一方、少量であればTiNやAlNなどの窒化物によって結晶粒を微細化し、線材の延性を高める効果がある。そのような効果を発揮させるために、N量は0.001%以上とする。N量は、好ましくは0.0015%以上、より好ましくは0.0020%以上である。
Alは、有効な脱酸元素である。また、AlNの様な窒化物を形成して結晶粒を微細化する効果も有する。このような効果を有効に発揮させるために、Al量は0.001%以上とする。Al量は、好ましくは0.002%以上であり、より好ましくは0.003%以上である。一方、Alを過剰に添加するとAl2O3の様な酸化物を形成し、伸線時の断線を増加させる。こうした観点から、Al量は0.10%以下とする。Al量は、好ましくは0.09%以下であり、より好ましくは0.08%以下である。
Tiは、TiCの様な炭化物を形成し、水素の拡散係数を低下させて鋼線の疲労特性を向上させる働きがある。また、鋼中のNと化合してTiNの様な窒化物を形成し、Nによる捻回特性の低下を防ぐ働きもある。それらの効果を有効に発揮させるために、Ti量は0.02%以上とする。Ti量は、好ましくは0.03%以上、より好ましくは0.04%以上である。一方、Ti量が過剰になると、TiCやTiN等のTi系介在物が多量に析出し、伸線時の断線を増加させる。したがって、Ti量は0.20%以下とする。Ti量は、好ましくは0.15%以下であり、さらに好ましくは0.10%以下である。
Bは、粒界に析出する初析フェライト(以下、「初析α」と略記することがある)を抑制する働きがあり、疲労特性の向上に有効である。また、BNを形成することで、鋼中の固溶Nを固定し、捻回特性を向上させる効果も期待できる。Bの効果を有効に発揮させるために、B量は0.0005%以上が必要である。好ましいB量の下限は0.0007%以上であり、より好ましくは0.001%以上である。一方、B量が過剰になると、Feとの化合物であるFe-B系化合物、例えばFeB2が析出し、熱間圧延時の割れを引き起こすため、B量は0.010%以下にする必要がある。B量は、好ましくは0.008%以下であり、より好ましくは0.006%以下である。
Pは、旧オーステナイト粒界に偏析して粒界を脆化させ、疲労強度を低下させるため、その含有量は少なければ少ないほど好ましい。したがって、P量は0.030%以下とする。P量は、好ましくは0.025%以下であり、より好ましくは0.020%以下である。P量は0%であってもよいが、通常0.001%以上で含まれる。
Sは、Pと同様に旧オーステナイト粒界に偏析して粒界を脆化させ、疲労強度を低下させるため、その含有量は少なければ少ないほど好ましい。したがって、S量は0.030%以下とする。S量は、好ましくは0.025%以下であり、より好ましくは0.020%以下である。S量は0%であってもよいが、通常0.001%以上で含まれる。
(a)Cr:0%超、1.0%以下およびV:0%超、0.5%以下の少なくとも1種、
(b)Ni:0%超、0.5%以下およびNb:0%超、0.5%以下の少なくとも1種、
(c)Co:0%超、1.0%以下、
(d)Mo:0%超、0.5%以下およびCu:0%超、0.5%以下の少なくとも1種、
等を含有することも好ましい。
CrおよびVは、線材の強度(引張強度)を高める上で有用な元素であり、これらは1種または2種を併用して含有させてもよい。
NiおよびNbは、鋼線の靭性を高める上で有用な元素であり、これらは1種または2種を併用して含有させてもよい。
Coは、特にC量が高い場合に初析セメンタイトの生成を低減し、組織を均一なパーライト組織にするという作用を有する。この作用を有効に発揮させるために、Co量は0.05%以上が好ましく、より好ましくは0.1%以上、更に好ましくは0.2%以上である。しかし、Coは過剰に添加してもその効果が飽和し、経済的に無駄である。したがって、Co量は1.0%以下が好ましく、より好ましくは0.8%以下であり、更に好ましくは0.6%以下である。
Moは、鋼線の耐食性を向上させる元素である。このような作用を有効に発揮させるために、Mo量は0.05%以上が好ましく、より好ましくは0.1%以上であり、更に好ましくは0.2%以上である。しかし、Mo量が過剰になると、熱間圧延時に過冷組織が発生しやすくなり、また延性も劣化する。そこでMo量は0.5%以下が好ましく、より好ましくは0.4%以下であり、更に好ましくは0.3%以下である。
Vε={ln(S0/S4)}/t …(2)
採取したサンプルの引張強度TS(Tensile Strength)は、JIS Z 2241(2011)に準拠して測定した。鋼線は8本作製し、平均値を求めた。結果を下記表4に示す。
金属組織は、採取したサンプルの横断面を光学顕微鏡にて観察した。尚、下記表4における金属組織の項目において、「P」と示したものは、パーライト組織が95面積%以上、即ち、パーライトが主相であることを示している。また、「P+α」や「P+θ」と示したものは、パーライト組織が95面積%未満で、パーライト組織の他に、5面積%よりも多いフェライト(α)やセメンタイト(θ)が混合した組織を示している。
採取したサンプルに対して飽和状態まで水素チャージを行ない、昇温分析によって水素放出曲線を得た。昇温速度は12℃/秒とし、大気圧イオン化質量分析計にて水素の放出量を測定した。水素チャージ条件は、電解液にH2SO4水溶液(pH3)+KSCN0.01mol/Lを用い、電流密度5mA/cm2で48時間チャージを行なった。尚、チャージ後のサンプルは、水素の離散を極力防止するため、測定まで液体窒素中に保管した。
鋼線の引張強度TSおよび降伏点YP(Yield Point)は、JIS Z 2241(2011)に準拠して測定した。鋼線は8本作製し、平均値を求めた。結果を下記表5に示す。また、引張強度TSに0.45を掛けた値を下記表5に示す。
捻回特性は、捻回試験を行ない、破断までに要した捻回値(破断捻回数)に基づいて評価した。下記表5中の捻回値は、N=5本の平均値である。このとき、捻り速度は52回/分、張力は500gf(4.9N)とした。尚、捻回値は、チャック間距離(試験線長)を、線径dの100倍(100d)に換算して規格化した。また、破面観察によって正常破面と縦割れを判別し、5本中1本でも縦割れしたものは、後記表5において「縦割れあり」と記載した。
疲労特性は、4点支持となる治具によって、繰り返し4点曲げ疲労試験を実施して評価した。図1において、1は試験片(線材)、2は繰り返し応力を付加する向き、○は支持点を示す。試験は片曲げで行ない、最大応力と最小応力の差を応力振幅と定義した。種々の応力振幅で10万回の繰り返し曲げを行ない、N=3本の試験で全て破断(断線)しなかったものを合格、1本でも破断したものは不合格と判定した。合格と判定した試料における最大の応力振幅を、10万回疲労強度と定義した。10万回疲労強度を下記表5に示す。尚、応力波形は正弦波、周波数は10Hzとした。
鋼線についても、参考値として、上記と同じ条件で、水素拡散係数Dを求めた。結果を下記表5に示す。
Claims (3)
- 質量%で、
C :0.70~1.3%、
Si:0.1~1.5%、
Mn:0.1~1.5%、
N :0.001~0.006%、
Al:0.001~0.10%、
Ti:0.02~0.20%、
B :0.0005~0.010%、
P :0%以上、0.030%以下、
S :0%以上、0.030%以下、
を夫々含有し、残部が鉄および不可避不純物であり、
パーライトを主相とし、
300℃における鋼中の水素拡散係数Dが下記(1)式を満足する鋼線用線材。
D≦2.5×10-7(cm2/秒) …(1) - 更に、質量%で、以下の(a)~(d)のいずれかに属する1種以上を含有する請求項1に記載の鋼線用線材。
(a)Cr:0%超、1.0%以下およびV:0%超、0.5%以下の少なくとも1種
(b)Ni:0%超、0.5%以下およびNb:0%超、0.5%以下の少なくとも1種
(c)Co:0%超、1.0%以下
(d)Mo:0%超、0.5%以下およびCu:0%超、0.5%以下の少なくとも1種 - 請求項1または2に記載の鋼の化学成分組成からなり、300℃における鋼中の水素拡散係数Dが下記(1)式を満足する鋼線。
D≦2.5×10-7(cm2/秒) …(1)
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2015
- 2015-06-02 CN CN201580034206.9A patent/CN106471146B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-06-02 CA CA2951781A patent/CA2951781A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-06-02 KR KR1020167036838A patent/KR20170012467A/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2015-06-02 WO PCT/JP2015/065864 patent/WO2016002414A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2015-06-02 EP EP15814419.6A patent/EP3165623A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-06-02 US US15/322,686 patent/US20170130303A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-06-02 MX MX2016017015A patent/MX2016017015A/es unknown
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN106471146A (zh) | 2017-03-01 |
MX2016017015A (es) | 2017-05-12 |
CA2951781A1 (en) | 2016-01-07 |
EP3165623A1 (en) | 2017-05-10 |
JP2016014169A (ja) | 2016-01-28 |
US20170130303A1 (en) | 2017-05-11 |
KR20170012467A (ko) | 2017-02-02 |
CN106471146B (zh) | 2018-03-16 |
EP3165623A4 (en) | 2018-04-04 |
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