WO2015194189A1 - 有機発光デバイスおよび表示装置 - Google Patents
有機発光デバイスおよび表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015194189A1 WO2015194189A1 PCT/JP2015/003089 JP2015003089W WO2015194189A1 WO 2015194189 A1 WO2015194189 A1 WO 2015194189A1 JP 2015003089 W JP2015003089 W JP 2015003089W WO 2015194189 A1 WO2015194189 A1 WO 2015194189A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/17—Carrier injection layers
- H10K50/171—Electron injection layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/14—Carrier transporting layers
- H10K50/16—Electron transporting layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/17—Carrier injection layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/805—Electrodes
- H10K50/81—Anodes
- H10K50/818—Reflective anodes, e.g. ITO combined with thick metallic layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/805—Electrodes
- H10K50/82—Cathodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
- H10K50/852—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising a resonant cavity structure, e.g. Bragg reflector pair
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/80—Constructional details
- H10K59/875—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
- H10K59/876—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising a resonant cavity structure, e.g. Bragg reflector pair
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an organic light emitting device and a display device, and more particularly to improvement of luminous efficiency.
- organic light-emitting devices such as organic EL (Electroluminescence) panels and organic EL lighting have been actively developed.
- the organic EL panel has a configuration in which a plurality of subpixels are two-dimensionally arranged along the main surface of the substrate.
- Each subpixel has a configuration in which an anode, a hole injection layer (HIL), a hole transport layer, an organic light emitting layer, an electron transport layer, and a cathode are stacked in this order above the substrate.
- HIL hole injection layer
- the hole injection layer, hole transport layer, and electron transport layer have a function of injecting charges (electrons, holes) from the anode or cathode to the organic light emitting layer, and a function of transporting charges from the anode or cathode to the organic light emitting layer. Therefore, these layers are called charge injection transport layers.
- an electron transport layer for example, it has been researched and developed to employ a layer made of an organic material doped with barium. By adopting such an electron transport layer, high electron injection characteristics can be obtained.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that a barrier layer made of an inorganic material includes an organic light emitting layer and an electron transport layer. A configuration disposed between is disclosed. Examples of the inorganic material introduced in Patent Document 1 include silicon oxide (SiO x ).
- a layer containing an organic material doped with alkali metal or alkaline earth metal is employed as the electron transport layer, and between the organic light emitting layer and the electron transport layer. Development of a structure in which an intermediate layer containing an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal fluoride is disposed is underway.
- Such an intermediate layer is considered to be able to obtain a high electron injection property while having an impurity blocking function.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an organic light emitting device and a display device capable of improving luminous efficiency while suppressing deterioration of a charge injection / transport layer due to impurities.
- the organic light emitting device is an organic light emitting device in which a plurality of light emitting portions are two-dimensionally arranged in a direction along the main surface of the substrate.
- Each of the plurality of light emitting units includes a first electrode disposed above the substrate, a first charge injecting and transporting layer disposed above the first electrode, and an upper portion of the first charge injecting and transporting layer.
- An organic light emitting layer disposed; an intermediate layer disposed above the organic light emitting layer; a second charge injecting and transporting layer disposed on the intermediate layer; and being disposed above the second charge injecting and transporting layer.
- the intermediate layer includes an alkali metal fluoride or an alkaline earth metal fluoride.
- the second charge injecting and transporting layer includes an organic material doped with an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal.
- One of the first electrode and the second electrode has light reflectivity, and the other has light transmittance.
- the plurality of light emitting units include a first light emitting unit and a second light emitting unit having different emission colors.
- the organic light emitting layer is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode having light reflectivity and the organic light emitting layer. The thickness of the other layer is different between the first light emitting part and the second light emitting part.
- a layer containing an organic material doped with an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal is employed as the second charge injecting and transporting layer, so that high luminous efficiency is obtained. Can do.
- an intermediate layer which is a layer containing an alkali metal fluoride or an alkaline earth metal fluoride, is disposed between the organic light emitting layer and the second charge injecting and transporting layer, it has a high impurity blocking property. .
- impurities from the organic light emitting layer and the like can be effectively blocked from entering the charge injecting and transporting layer, and deterioration of the electron injecting and transporting layer can be suppressed and high storage stability can be realized. be able to. Thereby, the high charge injection property of the organic light emitting device can be realized.
- the organic light emitting device includes a first light emitting unit and a second light emitting unit having different emission colors.
- the thickness of the first charge injection transport layer or the second charge injection transport layer disposed between the light-reflecting electrode of the first electrode and the second electrode and the organic light emitting layer is determined by the first light emission.
- the second light emitting unit The thickness of the first charge injection transport layer or the second charge injection transport layer arranged between the light reflective electrode of the first electrode and the second electrode and the organic light emitting layer is directly from the organic light emitting layer. This affects the difference in optical path length between the directly emitted light emitted to the outside and the reflected emitted light emitted to the outside after being reflected by the electrode surface having light reflectivity.
- the first charge injecting and transporting layer or the second charge injecting and transporting layer disposed between the light emitting electrode of the first electrode and the second electrode and the organic light emitting layer.
- the first light-emitting part and the second light-emitting part are different in thickness, and the first light-emitting part and the second light-emitting part are not commonly formed with the same layer thickness. Therefore, in each of the first light emitting unit and the second light emitting unit, the cavity can be adjusted so as to obtain a resonance effect between the directly emitted light and the reflected emitted light. In each of the first light emitting unit and the second light emitting unit, The luminous efficiency can be improved.
- the organic light emitting device As described above, in the organic light emitting device according to the above aspect, it is possible to further improve the light emission efficiency while suppressing deterioration of the charge injecting and transporting layer due to impurities.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of an organic EL display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic plan view which shows the arrangement
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a configuration in the AA cross section of FIG. (A) is a schematic plan view showing an arrangement form of banks in the display panel of FIG. 2, (b) is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a partial configuration of the BB cross section, (c)
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a partial configuration in a CC cross section.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a display panel according to Modification Example 1.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a display panel according to modification example 3.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a display panel according to Modification Example 8.
- the organic light emitting device is an organic light emitting device in which a plurality of light emitting units are two-dimensionally arranged in a direction along the main surface of a substrate.
- Each of the plurality of light emitting units includes a first electrode disposed above the substrate, a first charge injecting and transporting layer disposed above the first electrode, and an upper portion of the first charge injecting and transporting layer.
- An organic light emitting layer disposed; an intermediate layer disposed above the organic light emitting layer; a second charge injecting and transporting layer disposed on the intermediate layer; and being disposed above the second charge injecting and transporting layer.
- a second electrode is an organic light emitting device in which a plurality of light emitting units are two-dimensionally arranged in a direction along the main surface of a substrate.
- Each of the plurality of light emitting units includes a first electrode disposed above the substrate, a first charge injecting and transporting layer disposed above the first electrode, and an upper portion of the first charge injecting and transporting layer.
- the intermediate layer includes an alkali metal fluoride or an alkaline earth metal fluoride.
- the second charge injection transport layer includes an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal.
- One of the first electrode and the second electrode has light reflectivity, and the other has light transmittance.
- the plurality of light emitting units include a first light emitting unit and a second light emitting unit having different emission colors.
- the organic light emitting layer is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode having light reflectivity and the organic light emitting layer. The thickness of the other layer is different between the first light emitting part and the second light emitting part.
- the second charge injecting and transporting layer contains an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, high luminous efficiency can be obtained with a low driving voltage.
- an intermediate layer which is a layer containing an alkali metal fluoride or an alkaline earth metal fluoride, is disposed between the organic light emitting layer and the second charge injecting and transporting layer, it has a high impurity blocking property. .
- impurities from the organic light emitting layer from entering the second charge injection transport layer and the second electrode, and to deteriorate the second charge injection transport layer and the second electrode. Can be suppressed and high charge injection properties can be maintained.
- an organic light emitting device having high storage stability can be realized.
- the organic light emitting device includes a first light emitting unit and a second light emitting unit having different emission colors.
- the thickness of the first charge injecting and transporting layer or the second charge injecting and transporting layer disposed between the light-reflecting electrode of the first electrode and the second electrode and the organic light emitting layer is determined by the first light emission.
- the second light emitting unit since the above-described layers are individually formed in the first light emitting unit and the second light emitting unit, the cavity adjustment can be performed in each of the first light emitting unit and the second light emitting unit. As a result, the luminous efficiency can be improved.
- the organic light emitting device As described above, in the organic light emitting device according to the above aspect, it is possible to improve the light emission efficiency while suppressing the deterioration of the charge injection / transport layer due to impurities.
- the thickness of the first charge injection transport layer or the second charge injection transport layer disposed between the light reflective electrode of the first electrode and the second electrode and the organic light emitting layer may be determined based on the wavelength of the light emission color of each of the plurality of light emitting units to obtain a resonance effect.
- the light emission efficiency can be improved by the resonance effect in each light emitting portion.
- the organic light emitting layer is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode having light reflectivity and the organic light emitting layer.
- the other layer may have a lower electrical resistivity than the organic light emitting layer.
- the organic light emitting layer is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode having light reflectivity and the organic light emitting layer.
- the other layer may be formed by a wet process using an organic material.
- the layer thickness of the above layer can be easily changed for cavity adjustment for each light emitting part.
- the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal in the fluoride contained in the intermediate layer is the first metal and the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal contained in the second charge injection and transport layer is the second metal
- the two metals may have a property of breaking the bond between the first metal and fluorine in the fluoride of the first metal.
- the penetration of impurities from the organic light emitting layer side into the second charge injection transport layer and the second electrode is inhibited by the fluoride of the first metal contained in the intermediate layer, thereby realizing good storage stability. be able to.
- the second metal contained in the second charge injecting and transporting layer breaks the bond between the first metal and fluorine to liberate the first metal. Since the liberated first metal is an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal and has excellent electron injecting properties, it is possible to achieve good light emission efficiency.
- an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal having a relatively low work function and a high electron supply capability is used as the second metal, the reactivity with fluorine is relatively high, and the bond between the first metal and fluorine is reduced. Easy to cut. Therefore, the electron injection property of the first metal acts more effectively, and good luminous efficiency can be realized.
- the second charge injecting and transporting layer may be made of an organic material doped with the second metal.
- the second metal doped in the second charge injecting and transporting layer can act on the fluoride of the first metal contained in the intermediate layer.
- the second charge injecting and transporting layer is formed by laminating a first charge injecting and transporting layer portion made of the second metal and a second charge injecting and transporting layer portion containing an organic material.
- the layer portion may be disposed in contact with the intermediate layer.
- the second metal can act at a higher concentration on the fluoride of the first metal contained in the intermediate layer.
- the second charge injecting and transporting layer portion may be formed by doping the organic material with an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal.
- the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal doped in the organic material may be the second metal.
- a common metal material can be used when forming the first charge injection transport layer portion and the second charge injection transport layer portion, and the manufacturing is easy and can contribute to cost.
- the organic material in the second charge injection transport layer portion may not contain a doped metal.
- the step of doping the metal into the second charge injecting and transporting layer portion can be omitted, and the manufacturing is easy and can contribute to the cost.
- the first electrode is an anode
- the second electrode is a cathode
- the first charge injection transport layer is a hole injection layer
- the second charge injection transport layer is an electron transport layer. There may be.
- the intermediate layer prevents impurities from entering from the organic light emitting layer side into the cathode as the second electrode and the electron transport layer as the second charge injection transport layer, and deterioration of the cathode and the electron transport layer due to the impurities is prevented. It is possible to achieve good storage stability.
- the first electrode has light reflectivity
- the first charge injecting and transporting layer is made of a conductive organic material or an organic semiconductor material, and has a thickness between the first light emitting unit and the second light emitting unit. May be different.
- the hole injection layer which is the first charge injection transport layer is made of an organic material, the hole injection layer can be easily formed using a wet process. Therefore, in the case of a configuration in which light is reflected on the anode surface as the first electrode and light is extracted from the cathode side as the second electrode, a hole injection layer is formed between the first light emitting portion and the second light emitting portion for cavity adjustment. Can be easily formed with different layer thicknesses.
- the second electrode may have light reflectivity
- the second charge injection / transport layer may be made of a ⁇ -electron organic material containing an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal.
- the electron transport layer as the second charge injection transport layer is made of a ⁇ -electron organic material, the electron transport layer can be formed using a wet process. Therefore, in the case of a configuration in which light is reflected from the cathode surface that is the second electrode and light is extracted from the anode side that is the first electrode, the electron transport layer is formed between the first light emitting unit and the second light emitting unit for cavity adjustment. Can be formed with different layer thicknesses.
- the first electrode is a cathode
- the second electrode is an anode
- the first charge injection transport layer is an electron transport layer
- the second charge injection transport layer is a hole injection layer. There may be.
- the intermediate layer prevents impurities from penetrating from the organic light emitting layer side into the anode as the second electrode and the hole injection layer as the second charge injection transport layer, and deterioration of the anode and hole injection layer due to the impurities is prevented. It is possible to achieve good storage stability.
- the first electrode may have light reflectivity
- the first charge injection / transport layer may be made of a ⁇ -electron low molecular weight organic material containing an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal.
- the electron transport layer that is the first charge injection transport layer is made of a ⁇ -electron organic material, the electron transport layer can be formed using a wet process. Therefore, in the case of a configuration in which light is reflected from the cathode surface that is the first electrode and light is extracted from the anode side that is the second electrode, the electron transport layer is formed between the first light emitting unit and the second light emitting unit for cavity adjustment. Can be easily formed with different layer thicknesses.
- the second electrode may have light reflectivity, and the second charge injection / transport layer may be made of a conductive organic material.
- the hole injection layer as the second charge injection transport layer is made of a conductive organic material, the hole injection layer can be formed using a wet process. Accordingly, in the case of a configuration in which light is reflected on the anode surface as the second electrode and light is extracted from the cathode side as the first electrode, a hole injection layer is formed between the first light emitting portion and the second light emitting portion for cavity adjustment. Can be formed with different layer thicknesses.
- the wavelength of the emission color of the first light emitting unit is longer than the wavelength of the emission color of the second light emitting unit, and the first electrode of the first charge injecting and transporting layer and the second charge injecting and transporting layer.
- the layer disposed between the light-reflecting electrode of the second electrode and the organic light emitting layer may be thicker in the first light emitting unit than in the second light emitting unit.
- a display device includes a display panel and a control drive circuit connected to the display panel, and any one of the device structures described above is employed as the display panel. It is characterized by that.
- the same effect as that of the organic light-emitting device can be obtained by the display device according to another aspect of the present invention.
- the organic EL display device 1 includes a display panel 10 and a drive / control circuit unit 20 connected thereto.
- the display panel 10 is an organic EL panel using an electroluminescence phenomenon of an organic material, and has a plurality of pixels.
- each pixel includes a subpixel 10 a that is a red (R) light-emitting portion, a subpixel 10 b that is a green (G) light-emitting portion, and a subpixel that is a blue (B) light-emitting portion. 10c.
- the plurality of subpixels 10a, 10b, and 10c are arranged in a matrix (two-dimensional arrangement) in the XY axis direction.
- the drive / control circuit unit 20 includes four drive circuits 21, 22, 23, 24 and a control circuit 25.
- the arrangement relationship between the display panel 10 and the drive / control circuit unit 20 in the organic EL display device 1 is not limited to the form shown in FIG.
- the configuration of the pixels in the display panel 10 is not limited to the form of subpixels (light emitting portions) of three colors of R, G, and B as shown in FIG. 2, and one pixel from the light emitting portions of four or more colors. May be configured.
- the configuration of the display panel 10 will be described with reference to FIG.
- the display panel 10 according to the present embodiment employs a top emission type organic EL panel as an example.
- 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
- the display panel 10 has a TFT substrate (substrate) 100 as a base, and an insulating layer 101 is laminated on the upper surface thereof.
- the insulating layer 101 is formed so that the upper surface in the Z-axis direction is substantially flat.
- a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) layer in the TFT substrate 100 is not shown and is simplified.
- An anode 102 and a hole injection layer 103 are sequentially stacked on the upper surface of the insulating layer 101 in the Z-axis direction.
- the anode 102 and the hole injection layer 103 are provided for each of the subpixels 10a, 10b, and 10c.
- the hole injection layer 103 can be formed in a continuous state between the sub-pixels 10a, 10b, and 10c.
- a first bank 104 is formed so as to cover the insulating layer 101 and both ends of the hole injection layer 103 in the X-axis direction.
- the first bank 104 is inserted between adjacent subpixels 10a, 10b, and 10c in the X-axis direction, and defines an opening corresponding to a light emitting region in the X-axis direction.
- a hole transport layer 105 and an organic light emitting layer 106 are laminated in order from the lower side in the Z-axis direction.
- an intermediate layer 107 On the organic light emitting layer 106 and the top surface of the bank 104, an intermediate layer 107, an electron transport layer 108, a cathode 109, and a sealing layer 110 are laminated in order so as to cover them.
- a resin layer 114 is laminated on the upper side of the sealing layer 110 in the Z-axis direction.
- a CF panel 117 in which the color filter layer 112 and the black matrix layer 113 are formed on the main surface on the lower side in the Z-axis direction of the CF panel substrate 111 is bonded.
- the resin layer 114 is in intimate contact with the sealing layer 110, the color filter layer 112, and the black matrix layer 113.
- the TFT substrate 100 is a substrate
- the anode 102 is a first electrode
- the cathode 109 is a second electrode.
- the hole injection layer 103 is a first charge injection transport layer
- the electron transport layer 108 is a second charge injection transport layer.
- a plurality of first banks 104 that are each elongated in the Y-axis direction and spaced apart from each other in the X-axis direction.
- the regions defined by the pair of adjacent first banks 104 and the pair of adjacent second banks 115 are sub-pixel formation regions 116a, 116b, and 116c.
- Various functional layers such as an organic light emitting layer and a hole transport layer corresponding to the emission color of each subpixel are formed in the subpixel formation regions 116a, 116b, and 116c, thereby forming subpixels 10a, 10b, and 10c.
- the first bank 104 is disposed between the subpixels 10a, 10b, and 10c adjacent to each other in the X-axis direction, and is high with respect to the upper surface of the insulating layer 101. Is h.
- the second bank 115 is disposed between the anodes 102 adjacent in the Y-axis direction.
- the height of the second bank 115 with respect to the upper surface of the insulating layer 101 is H115.
- the height H115 of the second bank 115 is in the range of 40% to 70%, more specifically in the range of 50% to 55%, compared to the height H104 of the first bank 104.
- the TFT substrate 100 includes a substrate and a TFT layer formed on the upper surface in the Z-axis direction of the substrate.
- the TFT layer is configured to include three electrodes of a gate, a source, and a drain, a semiconductor layer, a passivation film, and the like.
- the substrate serving as the base of the TFT substrate 100 is, for example, a glass substrate, a quartz substrate, a silicon substrate, a metal substrate such as molybdenum sulfide, copper, zinc, aluminum, stainless steel, magnesium, iron, nickel, gold, silver, or gallium.
- a semiconductor substrate such as an arsenic substrate, a plastic substrate, or the like is used.
- thermoplastic resin such as polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), cyclic polyolefin, modified polyolefin, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polystyrene, polyamide, polyimide (PI), Polyamideimide, polycarbonate, poly- (4-methylbenten-1), ionomer, acrylic resin, polymethyl methacrylate, acrylic-styrene copolymer (AS resin), butadiene-styrene copolymer, polio copolymer (EVOH) ), Polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), precyclohexane terephthalate (PCT), polyethers, polyether ketones Polyethers
- the insulating layer 101 is formed using, for example, an organic compound such as polyimide, polyamide, or acrylic resin material.
- the insulating layer 101 preferably has organic solvent resistance.
- the insulating layer 101 may be subjected to an etching process, a baking process, or the like during the manufacturing process, the insulating layer 101 is formed using a material having high resistance that does not cause excessive deformation or alteration to the process. It is desirable that
- Anode 102 is made of a metal material containing silver (Ag) or aluminum (Al). In the case of the top emission type display panel 10 according to the present embodiment, it is preferable that the surface portion thereof has high light reflectivity.
- the anode 102 not only a single layer structure made of a metal material as described above, but also a laminate of a metal layer and a transparent conductive layer can be adopted.
- a constituent material of the transparent conductive layer for example, indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), or the like can be used.
- the hole injection layer 103 is formed of, for example, an oxide such as silver (Ag), molybdenum (Mo), chromium (Cr), vanadium (V), tungsten (W), nickel (Ni), iridium (Ir), or PEDOT. : PSS (Poly (3,4-ethylenedithiothiophene) Polystyrene sulfate; a mixture of polythiophene and polystyrene sulfonic acid) and Plexcore (registered trademark) manufactured by Plextronix, etc.
- an oxide such as silver (Ag), molybdenum (Mo), chromium (Cr), vanadium (V), tungsten (W), nickel (Ni), iridium (Ir), or PEDOT.
- PSS Poly (3,4-ethylenedithiothiophene) Polystyrene sulfate; a mixture of polythiophene and polystyrene sulfonic acid
- the hole injection layer 103 is made of a conductive organic material such as PEDOT: PSS.
- First bank 104 is formed using an organic material such as a resin and has an insulating property.
- organic material used for forming the first bank 104 include acrylic resin, polyimide resin, and novolac type phenol resin.
- the first bank 104 may be provided with liquid repellency by subjecting the surface to fluorine treatment.
- the structure of the first bank 104 not only a single layer structure as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4B but also a multilayer structure of two or more layers can be adopted.
- the above materials can be combined for each layer, and an inorganic material and an organic material can be used for each layer.
- the second bank 115 is formed using an inorganic insulating material, an organic insulating material, or the like.
- the inorganic insulating material include SiO2 (silicon oxide), SiN (silicon nitride), and SiON (silicon oxynitride).
- the organic insulating material include acrylic resin, polyimide resin, siloxane resin, and phenol resin.
- Hole transport layer 105 is formed of an organic material having high hole mobility in order to efficiently transport holes from the hole injection layer 103 to the organic light emitting layer 106.
- organic material having high hole mobility
- polyfluorene or a derivative thereof, or a polymer compound such as polyarylamine or a derivative thereof that does not have a hydrophilic group can be used.
- Organic light emitting layer 106 has a function of emitting light by generating an excited state by injecting and recombining holes and electrons.
- the material used for forming the organic light emitting layer 106 is preferably a light emitting organic material that can be formed by a wet printing method.
- the oxinoid compounds, perylene compounds, coumarin compounds, azacoumarin compounds, oxazole compounds, oxadiazole compounds, perinone compounds, pyrrolopyrrole described in the patent publication (Japan / JP-A-5-163488) Compound, naphthalene compound, anthracene compound, fluorene compound, fluoranthene compound, tetracene compound, pyrene compound, coronene compound, quinolone compound and azaquinolone compound, pyrazoline derivative and pyrazolone derivative, rhodamine compound, chrysene compound, phenanthrene compound, cyclopentadiene compound, stilbene compound , Diphenylquinone compound, styryl compound, butadiene compound, dicyanomethylenepyran compound, dicyanomethylenethiopyran compound, fluoro Cein compounds, pyrylium compounds, thiapyrylium
- the intermediate layer 107 includes an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal fluoride.
- the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal fluoride used in the intermediate layer 107 include NaF (sodium fluoride), LiF (lithium fluoride), CsF (cesium fluoride), and CaF2 (fluoride). Calcium), MgF2 (magnesium fluoride), and the like.
- the intermediate layer 107 is formed using, for example, NaF.
- Electron transport layer 108 has a function of transporting electrons injected from the cathode 109 to the organic light emitting layer 106, and is made of, for example, an organic material doped with alkali metal or alkaline earth metal.
- Ba (barium) is doped to a ⁇ -electron low molecular weight organic material such as an oxadiazole derivative (OXD), a triazole derivative (TAZ), or a phenanthroline derivative (BCP, Bphen). It becomes.
- the doped metal in the structure of the electron transport layer 108 is a low work function metal such as Li (lithium), Ca (calcium), Ce (cesium), Na (sodium), and Rb (rubidium).
- low work function metal salts such as lithium fluoride, low work function metal oxides such as barium oxide, and low work function metal organic complexes such as lithium quinolinol.
- the concentration of the doped metal is preferably in the range of 5 wt% to 40 wt%, for example.
- Cathode 109 is formed using a light-transmitting conductive film such as indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO), or a metal thin film containing aluminum (Al) or silver (Ag).
- ITO indium tin oxide
- IZO indium zinc oxide
- Al aluminum
- Ag silver
- the cathode 109 needs to be formed of a light transmissive material.
- the transmittance is preferably 80% or more.
- the sealing layer 110 has a function of suppressing exposure of an organic layer such as the organic light emitting layer 106 to moisture or exposure to air.
- an organic layer such as the organic light emitting layer 106
- silicon oxide (SiO) silicon nitride (SiN)
- SiON silicon oxynitride
- the sealing layer 110 needs to be formed of a light-transmitting material.
- the CF panel substrate 111 is formed using, for example, a glass substrate, a quartz substrate, a silicon substrate, a plastic substrate, or the like, similar to the TFT substrate 100.
- a plastic substrate when a plastic substrate is employed, either a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin may be used.
- Color filter layer 112 The color filter layer 112 is made of a known material that selectively transmits visible light in the wavelength range of each color of red (R), green (G), and blue (B).
- the color filter layer 112 is formed, for example, based on an acrylic resin.
- Black matrix layer 113 is made of, for example, an ultraviolet curable resin material containing a black pigment having excellent light absorption and light shielding properties.
- Specific examples of the ultraviolet curable resin material include an acrylic resin.
- Resin layer 114 is formed from a transparent resin material (for example, an epoxy resin material). However, as a constituent material of the resin layer 114, a silicone resin or the like can also be used.
- B generally has the lowest luminous efficiency.
- the electron transport layer is provided as a layer common to the three types of RGB light-emitting portions, and the selection of the material of the electron transport layer and the design of the layer thickness and the like are often performed so that the light emission efficiency of B is maximized. . In this case, however, the light emission efficiency of B is maximized.
- the carrier balance is not always optimal, and the best light emission efficiency is often not obtained. Therefore, a method of adjusting the optical cavity for the R light emitting portion and the G light emitting portion to improve the light emission efficiency and compensate for the decrease in the light emission efficiency due to the collapse of the carrier balance has been conventionally employed.
- the thickness of various functional layers in organic light-emitting devices is usually several nanometers to several tens of nanometers. Therefore, when adjusting the optical cavity, the thickness of the functional layers should be adjusted to be thinner. Difficult to do. For this reason, it is considered that a method of adjusting the optical cavity by increasing the thickness of the functional layer is generally adopted in many cases.
- the organic light emitting layer is formed for each light emission color using materials corresponding to the light emission colors of RGB, the layer thickness can be easily changed for each of RGB. Accordingly, the optical cavity can be easily adjusted by changing the layer thickness of the organic light emitting layer.
- the organic light emitting layer has a higher electrical resistivity than the charge transport layer, there is a problem that when the thickness of the organic light emitting layer is increased for cavity adjustment, the drive voltage is relatively increased.
- the cavity is adjusted by changing the layer thickness of the hole injection layer having a lower electrical resistivity than the organic light emitting layer, it is considered that the light emission efficiency can be improved while suppressing an increase in driving voltage.
- the inventors conducted an experiment to investigate how the driving voltage and the light emission efficiency change when the hole injection layer 103 is thickened instead of the organic light emitting layer 106. Went.
- test specimens having different layer thicknesses of the organic light emitting layer 106 were prepared for each of the two types of light emitting portions (light emission color R) having different layer thicknesses of the hole injection layer 103, and the luminous efficiency and driving for each of them. This was done by measuring the voltage.
- the layer thickness of the hole injection layer 103 of the test specimen used for the experiment is two types of 5 nm and 25 nm, and the layer thickness of the organic light emitting layer 106 is four types of 90, 100, 110, and 120 nm.
- Fig. 5 shows a graph plotting the measurement results.
- the horizontal axis indicates the layer thickness [nm] of the organic light emitting layer 106
- the left vertical axis indicates the luminous efficiency
- the right vertical axis indicates the drive voltage.
- ⁇ (circles filled in with black) indicate the luminous efficiency of the specimen with the hole injection layer 103 having a layer thickness of 25 nm.
- a triangle (black triangle) indicates the driving voltage of the test specimen having the hole injection layer 103 having a layer thickness of 25 nm.
- ⁇ (circle with contour only) indicates the luminous efficiency of the specimen with the hole injection layer 103 having a thickness of 5 nm.
- ⁇ (triangle with only outline) indicates the driving voltage of the test specimen in which the thickness of the hole injection layer 103 is 5 nm.
- the solid curve shows approximate curves for the luminous efficiency and the driving voltage of the test specimen having a hole injection layer thickness of 25 nm.
- the dashed curve shows approximate curves for the luminous efficiency and the driving voltage of the test specimen having a hole injection layer thickness of 5 nm.
- the luminous efficiency is expressed as a ratio based on the luminous efficiency when the thickness of the hole injection layer 103 is 5 nm and the thickness of the organic light emitting layer 106 is 110 nm.
- the driving voltage is the thickness of the hole injection layer 103. The difference from the driving voltage when the film thickness of the organic light emitting layer 106 is 5 nm and 5 nm is shown.
- the driving voltage showed substantially the same driving voltage as long as the thickness of the organic light emitting layer 106 was the same for both the 5 nm test specimen and the 25 nm test specimen of the hole injection layer 103. .
- the driving voltage increases as the layer thickness increases.
- the driving voltage is substantially the same. From the above results, it can be seen that the thickness of the hole injection layer does not significantly affect the driving voltage, and the layer thickness of the organic light emitting layer 106 has a greater influence on the driving voltage.
- the light emission efficiency in the specimen having a hole injection layer 103 thickness of 5 nm, the light emission efficiency increases as the layer thickness increases in the range of the organic light emission layer 106 in the range of 90 to 110 nm.
- the luminous efficiency was slightly lower than when the layer thickness was 110 nm.
- the specimen having the hole injection layer 103 having a thickness of 25 nm the specimen having the organic light emitting layer 106 having a layer thickness of 100 nm shows a higher luminous efficiency than at the specimen having a thickness of 90 nm. It became.
- the test specimen with a layer thickness of 120 nm of the organic light emitting layer 106 showed a light emission efficiency slightly lower than 110 nm.
- the layer thickness of the hole injection layer 103 is 25 nm, the difference in luminous efficiency due to the difference in layer thickness of the organic light emitting layer 106 is relatively small.
- test body A a test body in which the layer thickness of the hole injection layer 103 is 25 nm and the organic light emitting layer 106 is 90 nm, and the layer thickness of the hole injection layer 103 is 5 nm.
- test body B a test body in which the layer thickness of the organic light emitting layer 106 is 110 nm.
- the hole injection layer 103 is 20 nm thicker and the organic light emitting layer 106 is 20 nm thinner than the test body B.
- the hole injection layer 103 is 20 nm thinner than the test body A, and the organic light emitting layer 106 is 20 nm thick. That is, the test body A corresponds to the test body B in which the thickness of the organic light emitting layer 106 is increased, and instead the hole injection layer 103 is increased by the same thickness.
- the light emission efficiency of the test body A is about 5% lower than that of the test body B, but the drive voltage is as low as 2V or more.
- the graph of FIG. 5 shows that the specimen A can obtain substantially the same luminous efficiency at a driving voltage much lower than that of the specimen B.
- the hole injection layer is usually formed in a single process in common for the R, G, and B subpixels. Therefore, in the conventional case, the thickness of the hole injection layer is the same in the subpixels of R, G, and B colors.
- the layer thickness of the hole injection layer 103 differs depending on the emission color.
- the layer thickness of the hole injection layer 103 in the subpixel 10a is T103a
- the layer thickness of the hole injection layer 103 in the subpixel 10b is T103b
- the layer thickness of the hole injection layer 103 in the subpixel 10c is T103c.
- T103c ⁇ T103b ⁇ T103a is not a limitation.
- the layer thickness of the hole injection layer 103 is preferably set to a layer thickness that optimizes the optical cavity of the subpixel for each emission color.
- the layer thickness of the organic light emitting layer 106 may differ depending on the emission color.
- the layer thickness of the organic light emitting layer 106 in the subpixel 10a is T106a
- the layer thickness of the organic light emitting layer 106 in the subpixel 10b is T106b
- the layer thickness of the organic light emitting layer 106 in the subpixel 10c is T106c
- T106c ⁇ T106b ⁇ T106a.
- this is not a limitation.
- the layer thickness at which good light emission characteristics can be obtained varies.
- the cavity adjustment is performed by changing the thickness of the hole injection layer 103 based on the wavelength of the emission color of each subpixel. That is, for each luminescent color, the phase of the directly emitted light that is directly emitted from the organic light emitting layer 106 to the outside (without being reflected) and the reflected light that is reflected on the surface of the anode 102 and emitted to the outside.
- the layer thickness of the hole injection layer 103 is set so that Therefore, when the emission color is different, the layer thickness of the hole injection layer 103 is also different.
- the sub-pixel 10 a that is a light-emitting portion having an emission color R is a first light-emitting portion
- the sub-pixel 10 c that is a light-emitting portion that is an emission color B is a second light-emitting portion
- the layer thickness T103a of the hole injection layer 103 of the first light emitting unit is different from the layer thickness T103c of the hole injection layer 103 of the second light emitting unit.
- the layer thickness T103a is set larger than the layer thickness T103c. This is because the wavelength of R (red) is longer than the wavelength of B (blue). Therefore, in order to obtain the effect of resonance by aligning the phases of the directly emitted light and reflected light of R light, a longer adjustment distance is required. This is because it is usually necessary.
- the cavity adjustment is performed based on the total layer thickness of various functional layers (including the organic light emitting layer 106) disposed between the anode 102 and the cathode 109.
- the layer thickness T103a of the hole injection layer is not necessarily larger than the layer thickness T103c.
- the layer thickness T103a of the hole injection layer is not necessarily larger than the layer thickness T103c.
- the layer thicknesses T103c ⁇ T103b ⁇ 103a are satisfied, but these layer thicknesses do not necessarily satisfy the above relationship, and for example, the magnitude relationship may be opposite to the above.
- the sub pixel 10a that is the R light emitting portion is the first light emitting portion, and the sub light emitting portion that is the B light emitting portion.
- the pixel 10c is the second light emitting unit, the present invention is not limited to this. If the light emission colors of the first light emitting unit and the second light emitting unit are different, and the layer thickness of the hole injection layer of the first light emitting unit is different from the layer thickness of the hole injection layer of the second light emitting unit, the first light emitting unit and The light emission color of the second light emitting unit may be any combination of R, G, and B.
- the layer thickness of the hole injection layer 103 is defined so as to provide an optical cavity that can obtain good light emission efficiency for each light emission color. Therefore, as compared with the case where the cavity is adjusted by changing the layer thickness of the organic light emitting layer, it is possible to obtain good light emission efficiency while suppressing an increase in driving voltage.
- an intermediate layer which is a layer containing an alkali metal fluoride or an alkaline earth metal fluoride between the organic light emitting layer 106 and the electron transport layer 108.
- Layer 107 is disposed. Since the intermediate layer 107 has a high impurity blocking property, impurities from the organic light emitting layer 106 can be effectively blocked from entering the electron transport layer 108 and the cathode 109, and high storage stability can be achieved. Can be realized. Therefore, deterioration of the electron transport layer 108 can be suppressed and high electron injection properties can be maintained.
- the cavity adjustment is performed by changing the layer thickness of the hole injection layer 103 based on the emission color, but is not limited thereto.
- the cavity may be adjusted by changing the layer thickness of the hole transport layer 105 instead of the hole injection layer 103, or the cavity may be adjusted by changing the thickness of both the hole injection layer 103 and the hole transport layer 105. .
- the electron transport layer 108 has a single-layer structure, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the electron transport layer may be composed of a plurality of layers.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing the structure of a cross section corresponding to the AA cross section in FIG. 2 of the display panel 30.
- an organic light emitting layer 106 is disposed between the anode 102 and the cathode 109, and the anode 102 and the organic Between the light emitting layer 106, a hole injection layer 103 and a hole transport layer 105 are sequentially stacked from the anode 102 side.
- An intermediate layer 107 is disposed between the cathode 109 and the organic light emitting layer 106.
- the configuration up to here is the same as in the above embodiment.
- the electron transport layer is disposed between the organic light emitting layer 106 and the intermediate layer 107.
- the electron transport layer 308 is formed in order from the organic light emitting layer 106 side.
- the first electron transport layer portion (first charge injection transport layer portion) 308a and the second electron transport layer portion (second charge injection transport layer portion) 308b are stacked.
- the second electron transport layer portion 308b is the same as the electron transport layer 108 in the embodiment.
- the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal contained in the intermediate layer 107 is a “first metal”
- the first electron transport layer portion 308a is in contact with the fluoride of the first metal contained in the intermediate layer 107.
- It is a layer made of a “second metal” having a function of decomposing a bond between the first metal and fluorine.
- the second metal is an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal. More specifically, for example, the second metal is barium (Ba).
- the first electron transport layer portion 308a is not limited to the case where it is composed of only the second metal. Needless to say, it may include a trace amount of impurities as long as the second metal is the main component of the first electron transport layer portion 308a.
- the “main component” is only required to include, for example, 40 wt% or more of the second metal in the first electron transport layer portion 308a.
- the following effects can be obtained in addition to the effects exhibited by the display panel 10 according to the embodiment.
- the fluoride of the first metal in the intermediate layer 107 that is, the fluoride of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal (for example, NaF) has high electrical insulation. Therefore, it is considered that the electron injection property from the electron transport layer 308 to the organic light emitting layer 106 is hindered. Therefore, as in this modification, the first electron transport layer portion 308a is disposed on the side of the electron transport layer 308 in contact with the intermediate layer 107, and the first electron transport layer portion 308a is an alkali metal or alkaline earth that is the second metal.
- alkali metal or alkaline earth metal for example, NaF
- the bond between the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal and fluorine (the bond between the first metal and fluorine) in the intermediate layer 107 can be decomposed with the second metal.
- the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal for example, Na
- the electron injection property from the electron transport layer 308 to the organic light emitting layer 106 can be kept high.
- the layer thickness of the first electron transport layer portion 308a be in the range of 3% to 25% with respect to the layer thickness of the intermediate layer 107.
- the intermediate layer 107 preferably has a thickness of about 1 nm to 10 nm, and the first electron transport layer portion 308a has a thickness of about 0.1 nm to 1 nm.
- the boundary between the intermediate layer 107 and the first electron transport layer portion 308a is not clearly separated, and the material constituting the intermediate layer 107 and the material constituting the first electron transport layer portion 308a are
- these layers should just be formed by the method intended so that the layer thickness of the intermediate
- the doped metal in the second electron transport layer portion 308b and the second metal constituting the first electron transport layer portion 308a be the same type of metal. This is in consideration of ease of manufacture. In particular, it is desirable to use barium for the doped metal and the second metal. This is because the cost can be reduced by using a versatile metal such as barium.
- the TFT substrate 100 is a substrate, the anode 102 is a first electrode, and the cathode 109 is a second electrode.
- the hole injection layer 103 is a first charge injection transport layer, and the electron transport layer 308 is a second charge injection transport layer.
- the cavity may be adjusted by changing the layer thickness of the hole transport layer 105 instead of the hole injection layer 103. In this case, the hole transport layer 105 is the first charge injection transport layer. Further, the cavity may be adjusted by changing the thickness of both the hole injection layer 103 and the hole transport layer 105. In this case, both the hole injection layer 103 and the hole transport layer 105 are the first charge injection transport layer. is there.
- the display panel 10 according to the embodiment is a top emission type organic EL panel, but is not limited thereto.
- the configuration of the display panel 10 can also be applied to a bottom emission type organic EL panel.
- the cathode 109 is made of a light reflective material and the anode 102 is made of a light transmissive material.
- the cathode 109 is made of a metal material containing silver (Ag) or aluminum (Al), and the anode 102 is formed using indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), or the like. ing.
- the electron transport layer 108 is formed as a continuous layer in common to a plurality of subpixels.
- the electron transport layer 108 includes subpixels.
- the thicknesses of the electron transport layers 108 are different in the sub-pixels having different emission colors. That is, the layer thickness of the electron transport layer 108 is defined so that the optical cavity of each subpixel is optimized based on the wavelength of the emission color. Thereby, good luminous efficiency can be realized.
- the electron transport layer 108 has a lower electrical resistivity than the organic light-emitting layer 106, even if the thickness of the electron transport layer 108 is increased, the thickness of the organic light-emitting layer is increased to compare the cavity adjustment. Thus, an increase in drive voltage is suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to realize good light emission efficiency while suppressing an increase in driving voltage.
- the electron transport layer 108 has a lower electrical resistivity than the organic light emitting layer 106, and therefore, by adjusting the optical cavity with the layer thickness of the electron transport layer 108, As in the case of the top emission type display panel 10 according to the embodiment, it is possible to achieve good light emission efficiency while suppressing an increase in drive voltage.
- the layer thickness of the hole injection layer 103 may be the same for each subpixel.
- the TFT substrate 100 is a substrate, the anode 102 is a first electrode, and the cathode 109 is a second electrode.
- the hole injection layer 103 is a first charge injection transport layer, and the electron transport layer 108 is a second charge injection transport layer.
- the anode 102 is disposed on the TFT substrate 100 side and the cathode 109 is disposed on the CF panel 117 side.
- the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the arrangement relationship between the anode 102 and the cathode 109 in the Z-axis direction can be reversed.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing the structure of a cross section corresponding to the AA cross section in FIG. 2 of the display panel 40.
- the display panel 40 is a top emission type display panel.
- a cathode 409 is disposed on the TFT substrate 100 side, and an anode 402 is disposed on the CF panel 117 side.
- an electron transport layer 108, an intermediate layer 107, an organic light emitting layer 106, a hole transport layer 105, and a hole injection layer 103 are stacked in this order from the cathode 409 side between the cathode 409 and the anode 402.
- the display panel 40 according to this modification is a top emission type, and light is extracted from the anode 402 side. Therefore, the anode 402 needs to be formed of a light transmissive material.
- the anode 402 is formed using, for example, indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO).
- ITO indium tin oxide
- IZO indium zinc oxide
- permeability is 80 [%] or more.
- the cathode 409 is made of a metal material containing silver (Ag) or aluminum (Al).
- the surface portion thereof preferably has high reflectivity.
- the cathode 409 not only a single layer structure made of a metal material as described above but also a laminate of a metal layer and a transparent conductive layer can be adopted.
- a constituent material of the transparent conductive layer for example, indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), or the like can be used.
- the thickness of the electron transport layer 108 differs depending on the emission color.
- the layer thickness of the electron transport layer 108 of the subpixel 410a of the emission color R is T108a
- the layer of the electron transport layer 108 of the subpixel 410b of the emission color G T108c ⁇ T108b ⁇ T108a
- T108b is the thickness
- T108c is the layer thickness of the electron transport layer 108 of the subpixel 410c of the emission color B.
- the electron transport layer 108 has a lower electrical resistivity than the organic light emitting layer 106, even when the thickness of the electron transport layer 108 is increased, the electron transport layer 108 is compared with the case of adjusting the cavity by increasing the layer thickness of the organic light emitting layer 108. Thus, an increase in drive voltage is suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to realize good light emission efficiency while suppressing an increase in driving voltage.
- the relationship of the layer thickness of the electron transport layer 108 in each subpixel is T108c ⁇ T108b ⁇ T108a.
- the layer thickness of the electron transport layer 108 is preferably set to a layer thickness at which the optical cavity of the subpixel is optimal for each emission color.
- the CF panel substrate 111 is a substrate
- the anode 402 is a first electrode
- the cathode 409 is a second electrode.
- At least one of the hole injection layer 103 and the hole transport layer 105 is a first charge injection transport layer
- the electron transport layer 108 is a second charge injection transport layer.
- the display panel 40 according to the modification 3 is a top emission type display panel, but is not limited thereto, and the configuration of the modification 3 may be applied to a bottom emission type display panel.
- the bottom emission type display panel according to Modification 4 is different from the display panel 40 according to Modification 3 in the following points. That is, the anode 402 has light reflectivity and the cathode 409 is made of a light transmissive material. Specifically, the anode 402 is made of a metal material containing silver (Ag) or aluminum (Al), and the cathode 409 is formed using indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), or the like. ing.
- ITO indium tin oxide
- IZO indium zinc oxide
- the hole injection layer 103 and the hole transport layer 105 are formed as a continuous layer in common to a plurality of subpixels. At least one of 103 and the hole transport layer 105 is formed for each subpixel, and in each subpixel having a different emission color, the hole injection layer 103 and the hole transport layer 105 are formed for each subpixel. Layer thickness is different. That is, the layer thickness of at least one of the hole injection layer 103 and the hole transport layer 105 is defined so that the optical cavity of each subpixel is optimized based on the wavelength of the emission color. Thereby, good luminous efficiency can be realized.
- the hole injection layer 103 and the hole transport layer 105 have a lower electrical resistivity than the organic light emitting layer 106, the thickness of the organic light emitting layer is increased even if the thickness of the hole injection layer 103 or the hole transport layer 105 is increased. As compared with the case where the cavity adjustment is performed by increasing the driving voltage, an increase in driving voltage is suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to realize good light emission efficiency while suppressing an increase in driving voltage.
- both the hole injection layer 103 and the hole transport layer 105 are formed for each subpixel, the thicknesses of both the hole injection layer 103 and the hole transport layer 105 are different in the subpixels having different emission colors. Either one of them may be different.
- the CF panel substrate 111 is a substrate
- the anode 402 is a first electrode
- the cathode 409 is a second electrode.
- At least one of the hole injection layer 103 and the hole transport layer 105 is a first charge injection transport layer
- the electron transport layer 108 is a second charge injection transport layer.
- the first electron transport layer portion 308a in Modification 1 may be applied to the configurations of Modification 3 and Modification 4. Also in this case, the first electron transport layer portion 308a is disposed between the intermediate layer 107 and the electron transport layer 108 (corresponding to the second electron transport layer portion 308b of Modification 1). Alternatively, the first electron transport layer portion 308a may be formed with a different layer thickness for each subpixel based on the emission color, and the layer thickness of the first electron transport layer portion 308a may be used for cavity adjustment.
- the configuration of the display panel according to this modification may be a top emission type or a bottom emission type.
- the display panel 10 has a so-called line bank structure including the first bank 104 and the second bank 115 having a height lower than that of the first bank 104, but is not limited thereto.
- the first bank and the second bank may have the same height and may have a so-called pixel bank structure formed integrally.
- a metal oxide thin film may be further provided between the anode 102 and the hole injection layer 103.
- the metal oxide include tungsten oxide and molybdenum oxide.
- the metal oxide thin film is formed by sputtering or the like. Therefore, when changing the layer thickness depending on the emission color, sputtering must be performed many times using a mask for each color, and the process becomes complicated. Formed with.
- the cavity length includes the thickness of such a metal oxide thin film. For the above reason, it is easier to adjust the cavity by changing the thickness of the hole injection layer 103.
- the electron transport layer 308 has a two-layer structure including a first electron transport layer portion 308a and a second electron transport layer portion 308b, and both layers include an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal. It was. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the second electron transport layer portion may not be doped with an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal.
- FIG. 8 shows a configuration of a display panel 50 that is an organic light emitting device according to Modification 8.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing a cross-sectional structure corresponding to the AA cross section in FIG. 2 of the display panel 50.
- the electron transport layer 508 includes a first electron transport layer portion (first charge injection transport layer portion) 508a and a second electron transport layer portion (second charge injection transport layer portion) 508b.
- the first electron transport layer portion 508a is the same as the first electron transport layer portion 308a in the first modification.
- the second electron transport layer portion 508b is the same as the electron transport layer 108 in the embodiment and the second electron transport layer portion 308b in Modification 1 except that the metal is not doped. That is, the second electron transport layer portion 508 b is made of an organic material having a function of transporting electrons injected from the cathode 109 to the organic light emitting layer 106.
- organic material for example, a ⁇ -electron low molecular weight organic material such as an oxadiazole derivative (OXD), a triazole derivative (TAZ), or a phenanthroline derivative (BCP, Bphen) can be used.
- OXD oxadiazole derivative
- TEZ triazole derivative
- BCP phenanthroline derivative
- the second metal contained in the first electron transport layer portion 508a decomposes the bond between the first metal contained in the intermediate layer 107 and fluorine, and the same effect as in Modification 1 is obtained. be able to.
- the active matrix type display panel is employed in the above-described embodiment and each modification, the present invention is not limited to this.
- the present invention can be applied to a passive matrix display panel.
- one pixel is composed of a combination of three subpixels 10a, 10b, and 10c each having a rectangular shape in plan view.
- the invention is not limited to this.
- the planar view shape of each subpixel may be a triangle, a hexagon, or an octagon.
- it can also be made into a honeycomb shape as a whole.
- the first bank may be meandered in a crank shape in plan view.
- the number of subpixels constituting one pixel may be two, or four or more. In this case, a plurality of subpixels constituting one pixel may emit light of different colors, or a part thereof may emit light of the same color.
- a wiring layer (bus bar wiring) connected to the cathode may be provided between adjacent pixels in the X-axis direction in FIG.
- the constituent material of the intermediate layer is not limited to NaF, and the constituent material of the first electron transport layer portion is not limited to Ba.
- the intermediate layer may be made of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal fluoride, and may contain impurities.
- the first electron transport layer portion may be made of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, and more preferably the same as the doped metal in the adjacent second electron transport layer portion.
- the organic light emitting device and the display device according to the present invention have been described based on the embodiments and the respective modifications.
- the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and the respective modifications.
- the present invention is useful for realizing an organic light emitting device and an organic display device having high luminous efficiency.
- Organic EL display 10, 30, 40, 50 Display panel (organic light-emitting device) 10a, 10b, 10c. Subpixel (light emitting part) 20. Drive / control circuit section 100. TFT substrate (substrate) 102. Anode (first electrode, second electrode) 103. Hole injection layer (first charge injection transport layer, second charge injection transport layer) 105. Hole transport layer 106. Organic light emitting layer 107. Intermediate layer 108,308,508. Electron transport layer (first charge injection transport layer, second charge injection transport layer) 109. Cathode (first electrode, second electrode) 308a, 508a. First electron transport layer portion (first charge injection transport layer portion) 308b, 508b. Second electron transport layer portion (second charge injection transport layer portion)
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Abstract
Description
本発明の一態様に係る有機発光デバイスは、複数の発光部が基板の主面に沿った方向に二次元配置されてなる有機発光デバイスである。前記複数の発光部の各々は、前記基板の上方に配置された第1電極と、前記第1電極の上方に配置された第1電荷注入輸送層と、前記第1電荷注入輸送層の上方に配置された有機発光層と、前記有機発光層の上方に配置された中間層と、前記中間層上に配置された第2電荷注入輸送層と、前記第2電荷注入輸送層の上方に配置された第2電極とを有する。前記中間層は、アルカリ金属のフッ化物またはアルカリ土類金属のフッ化物を含む。前記第2電荷注入輸送層は、アルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属を含む。前記第1電極および前記第2電極のうち、一方は光反射性を、他方は光透過性を有する。前記複数の発光部は、互いに発光色の異なる第1発光部と第2発光部とを含む。そして、前記第1電荷注入輸送層および前記第2電荷注入輸送層のうち、前記第1電極および前記第2電極のうち光反射性を有する方の電極と前記有機発光層との間に配置された方の層の厚みは、前記第1発光部と前記第2発光部とで異なることを特徴とする。
[1.有機EL表示装置1の概略構成]
本発明の一態様である実施形態に係る表示装置の概略構成について、図1および図2を用い説明する。
表示パネル10の構成について、図3を用い説明する。本実施形態に係る表示パネル10は、一例としてトップエミッション型の有機ELパネルを採用する。なお、図3は、図2におけるA-A断面図である。
次に、表示パネル10におけるバンク104,115の配置形態について、図4を用い説明する。
(1)TFT基板100
TFT基板100は、基板と、当該基板のZ軸方向上面に形成されたTFT層とから構成されている。TFT層については、図示を省略しているが、ゲート、ソース、ドレインの3電極と、半導体層、パッシベーション膜などを含み構成されている。
絶縁層101は、例えば、ポリイミド,ポリアミド,アクリル系樹脂材料などの有機化合物を用い形成されている。ここで、絶縁層101は、有機溶剤耐性を有することが好ましい。
アノード102は、銀(Ag)またはアルミニウム(Al)を含む金属材料から構成されている。本実施形態に係るトップエミッション型の表示パネル10の場合には、その表面部が高い光反射性を有することが好ましい。
ホール注入層103は、例えば、銀(Ag),モリブデン(Mo),クロム(Cr),バナジウム(V),タングステン(W),ニッケル(Ni),イリジウム(Ir)などの酸化物、あるいは、PEDOT:PSS(Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Polystyrene sulfonate;ポリチオフェンとポリスチレンスルホン酸との混合物)やPlextronix社製のPlexcore(登録商標)などの導電性有機材料からなる層である。
第1バンク104は、樹脂等の有機材料を用い形成されており絶縁性を有する。第1バンク104の形成に用いる有機材料の例としては、アクリル系樹脂、ポリイミド系樹脂、ノボラック型フェノール樹脂等があげられる。第1バンク104は、表面にフッ素処理が施されることにより撥液性が付与されていてもよい。
第2バンク115は、無機絶縁材料や、有機絶縁材料などを用い形成されている。無機絶縁材料としては、例えば、SiO2(酸化シリコン),SiN(窒化シリコン),SiON(酸窒化シリコン)などが挙げられる。有機絶縁材料としては、例えば、アクリル系樹脂,ポリイミド系樹脂,シロキサン系樹脂,フェノール系樹脂などが挙げられる。
ホール輸送層105は、ホールをホール注入層103から有機発光層106へと効率よく輸送するため、ホール移動度の高い有機材料で形成されている。例えば、ポリフルオレンやその誘導体、あるいはポリアリールアミンやその誘導体などの高分子化合物であって、親水基を備えないものなどを用いることができる。
有機発光層106は、ホールと電子とが注入され再結合されることにより励起状態が生成され発光する機能を有する。有機発光層106の形成に用いる材料は、湿式印刷法を用い製膜できる発光性の有機材料を用いることが好ましい。
中間層107は、アルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属のフッ化物を含み構成されている。中間層107に用いられるアルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属のフッ化物としては、具体的には例えば、NaF(フッ化ナトリウム),LiF(フッ化リチウム),CsF(フッ化セシウム),CaF2(フッ化カルシウム),MgF2(フッ化マグネシウム)などが挙げられる。本実施形態では、例えば、NaFを用いて中間層107が形成されている。
電子輸送層108は、カソード109から注入された電子を有機発光層106へ輸送する機能を有し、例えば、アルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属がドープされてなる有機材料から構成されている。本実施形態では、例えば、オキサジアゾール誘導体(OXD),トリアゾール誘導体(TAZ),フェナンスロリン誘導体(BCP、Bphen)などのπ電子系低分子有機材料に対して、Ba(バリウム)がドープされてなる。
カソード109は、例えば、酸化インジウムスズ(ITO)または酸化インジウム亜鉛(IZO)などの光透過性導電膜や、アルミ(Al)や銀(Ag)を含む金属薄膜を用い形成されている。本実施形態のように、トップエミッション型の表示パネル10の場合は、カソード109が光透過性の材料で形成されていることが必要である。カソード109の光透過性については、透過率が80[%]以上であることが好ましい。
封止層110は、有機発光層106などの有機層が水分に晒されたり、空気に晒されたりすることを抑制する機能を有し、例えば、酸化シリコン(SiO),窒化シリコン(SiN),酸窒化シリコン(SiON)などの材料を用い形成される。また、これらの材料を用い形成された層の上に、アクリル樹脂やシリコーン樹脂などの樹脂材料からなる封止樹脂層を設けてもよい。
CFパネル基板111は、上記TFT基板100と同様に、例えば、ガラス基板,石英基板,シリコン基板,プラスチック基板等を用い形成されている。CFパネル基板111についても、プラスチック基板を採用する場合には、熱可塑性樹脂,熱硬化性樹脂いずれの樹脂を用いてもよい。
カラーフィルタ層112は、赤色(R),緑色(G),青色(B)の各色の波長域の可視光を選択的に透過する、公知の材料から構成されている。カラーフィルタ層112は、例えば、アクリル樹脂をベースに形成されている。
ブラックマトリクス層113は、例えば、光吸収性および遮光性に優れる黒色顔料を含む紫外線硬化樹脂材料から構成されている。具体的な紫外線硬化樹脂材料としては、例えば、アクリル樹脂等がある。
樹脂層114は、透明樹脂材料(例えば、エポキシ系樹脂材料)から形成されている。ただし、樹脂層114の構成材料としては、これ以外にもシリコーン系樹脂などを用いることもできる。
RGBの3種類の発光部のうち、一般にBの発光効率が最も低い。従来は、電子輸送層は、RGB3種類の発光部に共通の層として設けられ、Bの発光効率が最大となるように電子輸送層の材料の選択や層厚等の設計が行われる場合が多い。しかしこの場合、Bの発光効率は最大化されるが、RやGの発光部では、キャリアバランスが必ずしも最適な状態とはならず、最良の発光効率が得られない場合が多い。そこで、Rの発光部とGの発光部について、光学キャビティを調整して発光効率の向上を図り、キャリアバランスの崩れによる発光効率の低下分を補う方法が従来から採用されている。
本実施形態に係る有機発光デバイスである表示パネル10においては、各サブピクセルの発光色の波長に基づいてホール注入層103の層厚を異ならせ、キャビティ調整が行われている。即ち、発光色ごとに、有機発光層106から外部へと直接(反射を経ることなく)出射される直接出射光と、アノード102表面で反射された後に外部へと出射される反射光との位相が揃うように、ホール注入層103の層厚が設定されている。従って、発光色が異なると、ホール注入層103の層厚も異なる。
以上、本発明を実施形態に基づいて説明してきたが、本発明が上述の実施形態に限定されないのは勿論であり、以下のような変形例を実施することが出来る。なお、説明の重複を避けるため、実施形態と同じ構成要素については、同符号を付して、その説明を省略する。
上記実施形態に係る表示パネル10においては、電子輸送層108は単層構造であったが、これに限られず、電子輸送層が複数の層で構成されていてもよい。
実施形態に係る表示パネル10は、トップエミッション型の有機ELパネルであったが、これに限られない。表示パネル10の構成を、ボトムエミッション型の有機ELパネルに適用することも可能である。
実施形態に係る表示パネル10においては、TFT基板100側にアノード102が、CFパネル117側にカソード109が配置された構成であったが、これに限られない。例えば、Z軸方向におけるアノード102とカソード109との配置関係については、逆転した構造とすることもできる。
変形例3に係る表示パネル40は、トップエミッション型の表示パネルであったが、これに限られず、変形例3の構成をボトムエミッション型の表示パネルに適用することも可能である。
変形例3および変形例4の構成に、変形例1における第1電子輸送層部分308aを適用してもよい。この場合においても、第1電子輸送層部分308aは、中間層107と電子輸送層108(変形例1の第2電子輸送層部分308bに相当)との間に配置される。また、発光色に基づいてサブピクセルごとに異なる層厚で第1電子輸送層部分308aを形成し、第1電子輸送層部分308aの層厚をキャビティ調整に利用してもよい。
実施形態に係る表示パネル10は、第1バンク104と、第1バンク104よりも高さの低い第2バンク115とを備えた所謂ラインバンク構造を有する構成であったが、これに限られない。第1バンクと第2バンクとが同じ高さを有し、一体的に形成された、所謂ピクセルバンク構造を有していてもよい。
ホール注入性を向上させる目的で、アノード102とホール注入層103との間に、金属酸化物の薄膜をさらに設けてもよい。金属酸化物としては、例えば、酸化タングステンや酸化モリブデン等が挙げられる。この場合、金属酸化物の薄膜はスパッタ法などにより形成される。そのため、発光色によって層厚を変える場合、各色用のマスクを用いて何度もスパッタを行わなければならず、工程が煩雑になるため、一般に、一度のスパッタリングにより各発光色に共通の層厚で形成される。キャビティ長にはこのような金属酸化物の薄膜の層厚も含まれるが、上記の理由から、ホール注入層103の層厚を変えることによりキャビティ調整を行う方が容易である。
変形例1では、電子輸送層308が第1電子輸送層部分308aと第2電子輸送層部分308bとから成る2層構造であり、双方の層部分に、アルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属が含まれていた。しかし、これに限られず、第2電子輸送層部分にアルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属がドープされていない構成としてもよい。図8に、変形例8に係る有機発光デバイスである表示パネル50の構成を示す。なお、図8は、表示パネル50の図2におけるA-A断面に相当する断面の構造を模式的に示す図である。
上記実施形態および各変形例では、有機発光デバイスの一例として、有機ELパネルである表示パネルを採用したが、本発明は、これに限定を受けるものではない。例えば、有機EL照明等に本発明の構成を適用することでも上記と同様の効果を得ることができる。
10,30,40,50.表示パネル(有機発光デバイス)
10a,10b,10c.サブピクセル(発光部)
20.駆動・制御回路部
100.TFT基板(基板)
102.アノード(第1電極,第2電極)
103.ホール注入層(第1電荷注入輸送層,第2電荷注入輸送層)
105.ホール輸送層
106.有機発光層
107.中間層
108,308,508.電子輸送層(第1電荷注入輸送層,第2電荷注入輸送層)
109.カソード(第1電極,第2電極)
308a,508a.第1電子輸送層部分(第1電荷注入輸送層部分)
308b,508b.第2電子輸送層部分(第2電荷注入輸送層部分)
Claims (18)
- 複数の発光部が基板の主面に沿った方向に二次元配置されてなる有機発光デバイスであって、
前記複数の発光部の各々は、
前記基板の上方に配置された第1電極と、
前記第1電極の上方に配置された第1電荷注入輸送層と、
前記第1電荷注入輸送層の上方に配置された有機発光層と、
前記有機発光層の上方に配置された中間層と、
前記中間層上に配置された第2電荷注入輸送層と、
前記第2電荷注入輸送層の上方に配置された第2電極と、を有し、
前記中間層は、アルカリ金属のフッ化物またはアルカリ土類金属のフッ化物を含み、
前記第2電荷注入輸送層は、アルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属を含み、
前記第1電極および前記第2電極のうち、一方は光反射性を、他方は光透過性を有し、
前記複数の発光部は、互いに発光色の異なる第1発光部と第2発光部とを含み、
前記第1電荷注入輸送層および前記第2電荷注入輸送層のうち、前記第1電極および前記第2電極のうち光反射性を有する方の電極と前記有機発光層との間に配置された方の層の厚みは、前記第1発光部と前記第2発光部とで異なる
有機発光デバイス。 - 前記第1電荷注入輸送層および前記第2電荷注入輸送層のうち、前記第1電極および前記第2電極のうち光反射性を有する方の電極と前記有機発光層との間に配置された方の層の厚みは、前記複数の発光部それぞれの発光色の波長に基づいて、共振効果が得られる厚みに決定されている
請求項1に記載の有機発光デバイス。 - 前記第1電荷注入輸送層および前記第2電荷注入輸送層のうち、前記第1電極および前記第2電極のうち光反射性を有する方の電極と前記有機発光層との間に配置された方の層は、前記有機発光層よりも電気抵抗率が低い
請求項1または2に記載の有機発光デバイス。 - 前記第1電荷注入輸送層および前記第2電荷注入輸送層のうち、前記第1電極および前記第2電極のうち光反射性を有する方の電極と前記有機発光層との間に配置された方の層は、有機材料を用いてウェットプロセスにより形成されている
請求項1から3の何れか1項に記載の有機発光デバイス。 - 前記中間層に含まれるフッ化物におけるアルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属を第1金属とし、前記第2電荷注入輸送層に含まれるアルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属を第2金属とすると、
前記第2金属は、前記第1金属のフッ化物における前記第1金属とフッ素との結合を切る性質を有する
請求項1から4の何れか1項に記載の有機発光デバイス。 - 前記第2電荷注入輸送層は、前記第2金属がドープされた有機材料から成る
請求項5に記載の有機発光デバイス。 - 前記第2電荷注入輸送層は、前記第2金属から成る第1電荷注入輸送層部分と、有機材料を含む第2電荷注入輸送層部分とが積層されてなり、
前記第1電荷注入輸送層部分は、前記中間層に接して配置されている
請求項5に記載の有機発光デバイス。 - 前記第2電荷注入輸送層部分は、前記有機材料にアルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属がドープされて成る
請求項7に記載の有機発光デバイス。 - 前記第2電荷注入輸送層部分において、前記有機材料にドープされているアルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属は、前記第2金属である
請求項8に記載の有機発光デバイス。 - 前記第2電荷注入輸送層部分における前記有機材料は、ドープ金属を含まない
請求項7に記載の有機発光デバイス。 - 前記第1電極は、アノードであり、
前記第2電極は、カソードであり、
前記第1電荷注入輸送層は、ホール注入層であり、
前記第2電荷注入輸送層は、電子輸送層である
請求項1から10の何れか1項に記載の有機発光デバイス。 - 前記第1電極は、光反射性を有し、
前記第1電荷注入輸送層は、導電性有機材料から成り、前記第1発光部と前記第2発光部とでその厚みが異なる
請求項11に記載の有機発光デバイス。 - 前記第2電極は、光反射性を有し、
前記第2電荷注入輸送層は、アルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属を含むπ電子系有機材料から成る
請求項11に記載の有機発光デバイス。 - 前記第1電極は、カソードであり、
前記第2電極は、アノードであり、
前記第1電荷注入輸送層は、電子輸送層であり、
前記第2電荷注入輸送層は、ホール注入層である
請求項1から10の何れか1項に記載の有機発光デバイス。 - 前記第1電極は、光反射性を有し、
前記第1電荷注入輸送層は、アルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属を含むπ電子系有機材料から成る
請求項14に記載の有機発光デバイス。 - 前記第2電極は、光反射性を有し、
前記第2電荷注入輸送層は、導電性有機材料から成る
請求項14に記載の有機発光デバイス。 - 前記第1発光部の発光色の波長は、前記第2発光部の発光色の波長よりも長く、前記第1電荷注入輸送層および前記第2電荷注入輸送層のうち、前記第1電極および前記第2電極のうち光反射性を有する方の電極と前記有機発光層との間に配置された方の層は、前記第1発光部において前記第2発光部においてよりも厚い
請求項1から16の何れか1項に記載の有機発光デバイス。 - 表示パネルと、
前記表示パネルに接続された制御駆動回路と、を備え、
前記表示パネルとして、請求項1から17の何れか1項に記載のデバイス構造が採用されている
表示装置。
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20190076537A (ko) * | 2017-12-22 | 2019-07-02 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 유기발광표시장치 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20180308906A1 (en) | 2018-10-25 |
| US20170133437A1 (en) | 2017-05-11 |
| US10535717B2 (en) | 2020-01-14 |
| JP6337111B2 (ja) | 2018-06-06 |
| JPWO2015194189A1 (ja) | 2017-04-20 |
| US10038034B2 (en) | 2018-07-31 |
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