WO2015182317A1 - X線管故障予兆検知装置、x線管故障予兆検知方法およびx線撮像装置 - Google Patents
X線管故障予兆検知装置、x線管故障予兆検知方法およびx線撮像装置 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
- H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
- H05G1/08—Electrical details
- H05G1/26—Measuring, controlling or protecting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/40—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment with arrangements for generating radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/58—Testing, adjusting or calibrating apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/586—Detection of faults or malfunction of the device
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
- H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
- H05G1/08—Electrical details
- H05G1/26—Measuring, controlling or protecting
- H05G1/54—Protecting or lifetime prediction
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/02—Devices for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/03—Computerised tomographs
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J35/24—Tubes wherein the point of impact of the cathode ray on the anode or anticathode is movable relative to the surface thereof
- H01J35/26—Tubes wherein the point of impact of the cathode ray on the anode or anticathode is movable relative to the surface thereof by rotation of the anode or anticathode
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an X-ray tube failure sign detection device and an X-ray tube failure sign detection method for detecting an X-ray tube failure sign, and an X-ray imaging apparatus to which the X-ray tube failure sign detection device is applied.
- an X-ray tube that generates X-rays by irradiating a rotating anode with electrons emitted from a high-voltage cathode. Is often used.
- a solid lubrication bearing is used to smoothly rotate the anode.
- the solid lubrication bearing deteriorates, the X-ray tube causes a failure, and the X-ray imaging apparatus itself cannot be used. Become.
- the X-ray imaging apparatus suddenly becomes unusable especially in the medical field. Therefore, the X-ray tube is replaced with a new one in a fully usable state long before failure. This is a major cause of an increase in maintenance costs for X-rays. In order to reduce the maintenance cost, it is necessary to use the X-ray tube until it breaks down and use it for as long as possible.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an X-ray tube failure sign by detecting abnormal noise of an X-ray tube by a vibration sensor, performing frequency analysis of the obtained vibration data, and determining a threshold value for a component amount of a specific frequency. A technique for detecting the above is disclosed.
- the vibration of the equipment is detected by a vibration sensor, the frequency analysis of the vibration data is performed, the frequency component of the vibration data of normal equipment is input to the neural network, and a cluster is generated,
- a technique is disclosed in which vibration data of a facility to be diagnosed is input to a learned neural network to determine whether the facility is normal or abnormal.
- abnormal noises emitted from the X-ray tube depend on the model of the X-ray imaging apparatus and the operating state of the X-ray tube (position, posture, temperature, etc. during operation).
- the specific frequency referred to in Patent Document 1 varies depending on the model of the X-ray imaging apparatus and the operating state of the X-ray tube (position, posture, temperature, etc. during operation). Therefore, in order to detect a failure sign with high accuracy using the technique described in Patent Document 1, an appropriate specific frequency and threshold for determination are set according to various operating conditions of the X-ray imaging apparatus, particularly the X-ray tube. It is necessary to find in advance and set the values each time during maintenance diagnosis.
- Patent Document 2 frequency analysis is performed on vibrations emitted from a normal X-ray tube, and a cluster is generated based on the result of the frequency analysis by learning using a neural network. Used as In this case, the trouble of setting a specific frequency as described in Patent Document 1 is not necessary.
- Patent Document 2 does not mention that the vibration frequency analysis result depends on the operating state of the equipment. This means that when the technique disclosed in Patent Document 2 is used, a cluster serving as a criterion for failure sign determination is generated based only on the frequency analysis result of vibration. That is, since the reference cluster is generated all at once regardless of the X-ray tube operating status (operating position, orientation, temperature, etc.), the X-ray tube operating status (operating position, orientation, temperature) Etc.), an appropriate cluster is not always generated.
- the frequency of vibration emitted from the X-ray tube changes depending on the posture of the X-ray tube (the angle formed with the horizontal plane of the rotation axis of the anode). In that case, it is not appropriate to use a cluster obtained from a frequency analysis result of vibration when a normal X-ray tube is in a certain posture for determining a failure sign of an X-ray tube in another posture. If it is used, there is a possibility that the frequency of abnormal noise in one posture of a deteriorated X-ray tube is included in a cluster of frequencies that are normal in another posture. In that case, the deterioration of the X-ray tube, that is, the failure sign is not detected. Thus, it is difficult to accurately detect a failure sign of an X-ray tube simply by applying the technique disclosed in Patent Document 2 to an X-ray imaging apparatus.
- the present invention provides an X-ray tube failure sign detection apparatus, an X-ray tube failure sign detection method, and an X-ray imaging capable of accurately detecting a failure sign of an X-ray tube.
- An object is to provide an apparatus.
- An X-ray tube failure sign detection apparatus includes a mode setting unit that sets any one of a prohibit mode, a learning mode, and a failure sign detection mode, and vibration data of vibrations generated from the X-ray tube.
- a vibration data acquisition unit that outputs a vibration data acquisition completion notification each time the number of acquired vibration data reaches a multiple of a predetermined number of data used for one frequency analysis; and the vibration data acquisition unit
- a frequency analysis unit that performs frequency analysis for each of the acquired vibration data of the predetermined number of data, and acquisition of state data representing an operation state of the X-ray tube, and acquisition of vibration data output from the vibration data acquisition unit
- the learning mode is set by the state data acquisition unit that synchronizes the acquired state data and the mode setting unit at the timing of receiving the completion notification.
- An abnormality degree calculation unit that calculates a minimum one of the distances from the position represented by the failure sign detection target data consisting of the state data and the surface of each cluster generated by the learning unit as an abnormality degree;
- a failure sign is determined by comparing the abnormality degree calculated by the abnormality degree calculation unit with a predetermined threshold value. Characterized in that it comprises the disabled sign determination unit.
- an X-ray tube failure sign detection device an X-ray tube failure sign detection method, and an X-ray imaging device capable of accurately detecting a failure sign of an X-ray tube are provided.
- the figure which showed the example of the detailed processing flow of a learning process The figure which showed the example of the detailed process flow of a failure sign detection process.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of an X-ray tube failure sign detection device 11 and an X-ray tube 12 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the X-ray tube 12 includes an X-ray tube 121 having a rotating anode 123 and a cathode 124 disposed therein, a coil 122 that generates a magnetic field for rotating the rotating anode 123, and a coil And a control unit 125 that controls an alternating current flowing through 122 and a voltage applied to the cathode 124.
- the rotary anode 123 is rotatably supported on the inner wall of the container of the X-ray tube 121 via a solid lubrication bearing mechanism (not shown).
- a coil 122 that generates a magnetic field for rotating the rotary anode 123 is disposed on the outer wall of the container portion that supports the rotary anode 123.
- the control unit 125 performs control such that an electric current is supplied to the coil 122 to rotate the rotating anode 123 and a high voltage is applied to the cathode 124 to generate X-rays based on a command from the console 14.
- the control unit 125 generates X-rays having a predetermined time width once when receiving a command from the console 14, and generates a plurality of times at a predetermined cycle. Also good.
- the console 14 may be constituted by a push button switch or the like provided exclusively for the X-ray tube 12, or a transmission X-ray imaging apparatus in which the X-ray tube 12 is used. Or an operator console (input / output device) attached to the X-ray CT apparatus.
- control unit 125 has a function of counting the number of times the subject has been photographed by counting the number of times the X-ray is emitted from the X-ray tube 12, and outputs the count value as the number-of-times data Dc. .
- the sensor unit 13 includes an acceleration sensor 131, a temperature sensor 132, a gyro sensor 133, an A / D converter 134, a signal processing unit 135, and the like, and is attached to the casing of the X-ray tube 12.
- the acceleration sensor 131 is a so-called three-axis acceleration sensor, and measures the acceleration in a three-dimensional direction (x direction, y direction, and z direction) received by the X-ray tube 12, and the temperature sensor 132 is the X-ray tube 12.
- the gyro sensor 133 measures the attitude angle of the X-ray tube 12. Note that the attitude angle of the X-ray tube 12 refers to an angle formed by the rotary anode 123 and a horizontal plane.
- the A / D converter 134 converts analog signals measured by the acceleration sensor 131, the temperature sensor 132, and the gyro sensor 133 into digital data.
- the signal processing unit 135 removes a frequency component that is unnecessary for the failure sign detection (hereinafter also simply referred to as detection) of the X-ray tube 12 from each A / D converted digital data. Further, the signal processing unit 135 converts three-dimensional acceleration data obtained via the acceleration sensor 131 into vibration data emitted from the X-ray tube 12 and outputs the vibration data Dv. Further, the signal processing unit 135 calculates and outputs three-dimensional position data Dp representing the position of the X-ray tube 12 by second-order integrating the three-dimensional acceleration data in each direction. Further, the signal processing unit 135 processes the temperature measurement value obtained via the temperature sensor 132 and outputs it as temperature data Dt, and processes the posture angle measurement value obtained via the gyro sensor 133. And output as angle data Da.
- detection failure sign detection
- the processing order of the A / D converter 134 and the signal processing unit 135 may be reversed.
- a voice detecting microphone may be used instead of the acceleration sensor 131.
- the X-ray tube failure sign detection device 11 includes a display device 111, an alarm device 112, a central processing unit 113, an operation input device 114, a recording device 115, a storage device 116, and an I / O port 117. And has a general computer configuration such as a so-called personal computer.
- the I / O port 117 receives vibration data Dv, position data Dp, temperature data Dt and angle data Da output from the sensor unit 13, and imaging number data Dc output from the X-ray tube 12, respectively. Is output in accordance with the output timing, and the respective data is written in the recording device 115.
- the recording device 115 is a storage device that records data necessary for the X-ray tube failure sign detection process. In this embodiment, the recording device 115 is distinguished from the storage device 116 that stores programs and temporary data. ing.
- the central processing unit 113 implements various functions of the X-ray tube failure sign detection device 11 by executing a program stored in the storage device 116 in advance. The function will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 2 and subsequent drawings.
- the display device 111 performs a display such as requesting the operator to permit or prohibit the failure sign detection and learning processing of the X-ray tube 12 according to a program executed by the central processing unit 113.
- the operation input device 114 is used when an operator inputs instruction data such as permitting or prohibiting a failure sign detection or learning process of the X-ray tube 12, and the alarm device 112 is used for the X-ray tube 12. This is used when an alarm is issued when a failure sign is detected as a result of the failure sign detection process.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a functional block configuration of the X-ray tube failure sign detection apparatus 11.
- the X-ray tube failure sign detection apparatus 11 includes a vibration data acquisition unit 20, a frequency analysis unit 21, a state data acquisition unit 22, a prohibition flag setting unit 23, a mode setting unit 24, a learning unit 25, an abnormality.
- a degree calculation unit 26, a failure sign determination unit 27, and the like are included.
- the functions of these functional blocks are realized when the central processing unit 113 of the X-ray tube failure sign detection device 11 executes a program stored in advance in the storage device 116.
- examples of partial functional block configurations of the X-ray tube 12 and the sensor unit 13 are also shown for reference.
- the vibration data acquisition unit 20 acquires the vibration data Dv output at a predetermined cycle from the vibration data output unit 1351 of the sensor unit 13, and records the acquired vibration data Dv together with the time at that time in the recording device 115 (see FIG. 1). ).
- the vibration data output unit 1351 calculates a multiple of the number of the vibration data Dv obtained (for example, the number of FFT analysis data, which corresponds to the number of FFT points below). Whenever it exceeds, vibration data acquisition completion notice Ve indicating that vibration data Dv for frequency analysis has been acquired is output.
- the frequency analysis unit 21 acquires vibration data divided by the number of frequency analysis target data from the vibration data acquired by the vibration data acquisition unit 20 and stored in the recording device 115, and fast Fourier analysis is performed on the acquired vibration data. Frequency analysis such as transformation (FFT: Fast Fourier Transform) is performed, and the frequency analysis result is output as the frequency analysis result Fa.
- FFT Fast Fourier Transform
- the state data acquisition unit 22 receives position data Dp, temperature data Dt, and angle data Da that are output from the position data output unit 1352, temperature data output unit 1353, and angle data output unit 1354 of the sensor unit 13 at different periods. get. Then, the position data Dp, temperature data Dt, and angle data Da acquired at different periods are synchronized at the timing when the vibration data acquisition completion notification Ve output from the frequency analysis unit 21 is received.
- the state data acquisition unit 22 performs, for example, each of the position data Dp, temperature data Dt, and angle data Da obtained while the vibration data acquisition unit 20 acquires vibration data Dv for one frequency analysis.
- the average values are calculated, and the average values are output as the synchronization position representative value xyz, the synchronization temperature representative value T, and the synchronization angle representative value ⁇ , respectively.
- the prohibition flag setting unit 23 sets the value of the prohibition flag Fi according to data input by the operator via the operation input device 114 (see FIG. 1).
- both the failure sign detection process and the learning process in the X-ray tube failure sign detection apparatus 11 are prohibited when the value of the prohibition flag Fi is “1”, and when the value of the prohibition flag Fi is “0”. Shall be permitted.
- the mode setting unit 24 is based on the imaging number data Dc counted by the imaging number counting unit 1251 of the control unit 125 of the X-ray tube 12 and the prohibition flag Fi set by the prohibition flag setting unit 23.
- the operation mode of the detection device 11 is set.
- three operation modes are assumed: a prohibit mode, a learning mode, and a failure sign detection mode. That is, the mode setting unit 24 sets and outputs the mode number Mod (“1”, “2”, or “3”) according to the prohibit mode, the learning mode, and the failure sign detection mode.
- the relationship between the input data (shooting number data Dc and prohibition flag Fi) to the mode setting unit 24 and the mode number Mod set by the mode setting unit 24 will be described separately with reference to FIG.
- the cluster analysis is performed using the synchronized position representative value xyz, the synchronized temperature representative value T, and the synchronized angle representative value ⁇ as input data to generate one or more clusters. Then, centroid coordinates Cc and radius Cr are calculated for each of the generated clusters.
- the abnormality degree calculation unit 26 uses the frequency of the vibration data Dv obtained from the X-ray tube 12 that is the target of the failure sign detection.
- the frequency analysis result Fa analyzed by the analysis unit 21, the coordinates represented by the synchronization position representative value xyz, the synchronization temperature representative value T, and the synchronization angle representative value ⁇ output from the state data acquisition unit 22, A distance between the center-of-gravity coordinates Ccj of the cluster j is calculated.
- the degree of abnormality calculation unit 26 calculates a value dj by subtracting the radius Crj of each cluster j from the calculated distance, obtains a minimum value from the calculated value dj, and calculates the minimum value as the degree of abnormality Sd. Output as. A more detailed configuration and function of the abnormality degree calculation unit 26 will be separately described with reference to FIG.
- “0” can be adopted as the predetermined threshold. In that case, when the degree of abnormality Sd is “0” or less (“0” or a negative value), it is determined that no failure sign has been detected, and when the degree of abnormality d is greater than “0” (a positive value), It is determined that a failure sign has been detected.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a functional block configuration of the state data acquisition unit 22.
- the state data acquisition unit 22 includes a position representative value acquisition unit 221, a temperature representative value acquisition unit 222, and an angle representative value acquisition unit 223. Then, the position representative value acquisition unit 221, the temperature representative value acquisition unit 222, and the angle representative value acquisition unit 223 each receive the synchronized position representative value xyz at the timing of receiving the vibration data acquisition completion notification Ve from the vibration data acquisition unit 20.
- the synchronization temperature representative value T and the synchronization angle representative value ⁇ are calculated, recorded in the recording device 115 (see FIG. 1), and output as necessary.
- the position representative value acquisition unit 221 includes a current position storage unit 2211, a position representative value calculation unit 2212, a position representative value storage unit 2213, and a position representative value history storage unit 2214.
- the temperature representative value acquisition unit 222 includes a current temperature storage unit 2221, a temperature representative value calculation unit 2222, a temperature representative value storage unit 2223, and a temperature representative value history storage unit 2224.
- the angle representative value acquisition unit 223 includes a current angle storage unit 2231, an angle representative value calculation unit 2232, an angle representative value storage unit 2233, and an angle representative value history storage unit 2234.
- the current position storage unit 2211 is a three-dimensional output from the sensor unit 13 at a predetermined cycle (for example, 10 milliseconds).
- Position data Dp (xc, yc, zc) is acquired and stored.
- a new position representative value (xa ′) is obtained according to the following equations (1) and (2). , Ya ′, za ′) and a new sample number Na ′.
- xa ′ ⁇ xa ⁇ Na + xc ⁇ / (Na + 1)
- ya ′ ⁇ ya ⁇ Na + yc ⁇ / (Na + 1)
- za ′ ⁇ za ⁇ Na + zc ⁇ / (Na + 1) (1)
- Na ′ Na + 1 (2)
- the sample number Na is the number of position data Dp (xc, yc, zc) used for position representative value calculation before this point.
- the initial values of the position representative value (xa, ya, za) and the sample number Na are all zero, and the number of vibration data Dv acquired by the vibration data acquisition unit 20 is the number of frequency analysis target data. Every time it exceeds, it is cleared to zero. In other words, each time the vibration data acquisition completion notification Ve from the vibration data acquisition unit 20 is received, it is cleared to zero.
- the position representative value history storage unit 2214 When the position representative value history storage unit 2214 receives the vibration data acquisition completion notification Ve from the vibration data acquisition unit 20, the position representative value (xa, ya, za) stored in the position representative value storage unit 2213 at that time point. ) Is added as position representative value history data (t (i), xa (i), ya (i), za (i)).
- i is a number assigned in order of time to identify the position representative value history data.
- the position representative value history storage unit 2214 receives position representative value history data (t (i), xa () at the time closest to the designated time t in response to a request from the learning unit 25 or the abnormality degree calculation unit 26. i), ya (i), za (i)) are extracted and output as synchronized position representative values xyz (x, y, z).
- the temperature representative value acquisition unit 222 outputs the synchronized temperature representative value T from the temperature representative value history storage unit 2224, and the angle representative value acquisition unit 223 synchronizes from the angle representative value history storage unit 2234.
- the angle representative value ⁇ is output.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the operation mode set by the mode setting unit 24.
- the prohibition flag Fi and the number-of-shoots data Dc are input to the mode setting unit 24, and an operation mode of any one of the prohibit mode, the learning mode, and the failure sign detection mode according to the input values. Is set.
- the mode setting unit 24 outputs mode numbers Mod of “1”, “2”, and “3” according to the respective operation modes.
- the prohibit mode is set regardless of the value of the number-of-shoots data Dc. In the prohibit mode, neither the learning process nor the failure sign detection process is executed.
- the prohibit mode is also set when the prohibit flag Fi is “0” and the shooting count data Dc is 9 times or less, that is, 1st upper limit value or less.
- the prohibition flag Fi is “0” and the number-of-shoots data Dc is 10 times or more and 19 times or less, that is, the second upper limit value or less
- the learning mode is set and the number-of-shoots data Dc is 20 times. As described above, in the case of 9,999,999 times or less, the failure sign detection mode is set.
- the lower limit value and the upper limit value of the number-of-shots data Dc for determining each operation mode are not limited to the values shown in FIG.
- the imaging number data Dc output from the imaging number counting unit 1251 of the X-ray tube 12 is obtained when a predetermined time has passed, such as once a day or once a week, or when the imaging number is a predetermined number (for example, It may be cleared to zero when exceeding 100 times).
- the prohibit mode set based on the number-of-times data Dc is an initial operation or a break-in operation in an X-ray imaging apparatus or X-ray CT apparatus to which the X-ray tube failure sign detection apparatus 11 is applied.
- Learning processing and failure sign detection processing can be automatically prohibited for vibration data different from normal in As a result, the work burden on the operator can be reduced, and erroneous learning and erroneous detection during initial operation and break-in operation can be prevented.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a functional block configuration of the learning unit 25.
- the learning unit 25 includes a demultiplexer 251, a cluster data generation unit 252, and a multiplexer 253.
- the demultiplexer 251 to which the frequency analysis result Fa is input decomposes the input frequency analysis result Fa into frequency components w1, w2,.
- the cluster data generation unit 252 includes the frequency components w1, w2,... Wn, the synchronization position representative value xyz (x, y, z) output from the state data acquisition unit 22, and the synchronization temperature representative.
- the value T and the synchronization angle representative value ⁇ are input.
- the cluster data generation unit 252 receives the data of the input frequency components w1, w2,... Wn, the synchronization position representative value xyz (x, y, z), the synchronization temperature representative value T, and the synchronization angle representative value ⁇ . It is regarded as an (n + 5) -dimensional vector component, and cluster generation processing is performed for these (n + 5) -dimensional vectors.
- cluster generation process at least one cluster (m clusters: m ⁇ 1) is generated. For each cluster, centroid coordinates Cc1, Cc2,..., Ccm and radii Cr1, Cr2,. Calculated.
- a known k-average method can be used.
- the multiplexer 253 collects the centroid coordinates Cc1, Cc2,..., Ccm and the radii Cr1, Cr2,..., Crm calculated by the cluster data generation unit 252 and outputs them as the cluster centroid coordinates Cc and the cluster radius Cr.
- the mode number Mod is input to the cluster data generation unit 252 as a signal for permitting the operation.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a functional block configuration of the abnormality degree calculation unit 26.
- the abnormality degree calculation unit 26 includes a demultiplexer 261, m distance calculation units 262, and a minimum value extraction unit 263.
- the demultiplexer 261 to which the cluster centroid coordinates Cc and the cluster radius Cr are input, converts the input cluster centroid coordinates Cc and cluster radius Cr into centroid coordinates Cc1, Cc2,..., Ccm and radius Cr1 of m clusters. , Cr2, ..., Crm.
- the distance calculation unit 262 (#j) receives the center-of-gravity coordinates Ccj and the radius Crj of the j-th cluster, the frequency analysis result Fa, the synchronization position representative value xyz (x, y, z), and the synchronization.
- the representative temperature representative value T and the synchronization angle representative value ⁇ are input.
- the frequency analysis result Fa here means specifically frequency components w1, w2,..., Wn decomposed by a demultiplexer (not shown).
- the distance calculation unit 262 (#j) calculates the frequency components w1, w2,... Wn, the synchronization position representative value xyz (x, y, z), the synchronization temperature representative value T, and the synchronization angle representative value ⁇ .
- the distance between the position represented by the vector and the position represented by the barycentric coordinates Ccj of the j-th cluster is calculated, and the radius Crj is subtracted from the distance. Output as the distance dj to the surface of the j-th cluster.
- the distance calculation unit 262 (#j) calculates the distance dj to the surface of the j-th cluster according to the following formula.
- the coordinates represented by (wj1, wj2,..., Wjn, xj, yj, zj, Tj, ⁇ j) using the parameter symbols used in the above equations (3) to (7) are j This corresponds to the center-of-gravity coordinate Ccj of the th cluster. Also, rj in equation (3) corresponds to the radius Crj of the jth cluster in FIG.
- the vectors Vt expressed as z (t), T (t), and ⁇ (t)) are synchronized at time t, and each of the m distance calculation units 262 (#j) (see FIG. 6) is synchronized. It represents the input data of the target of failure sign detection to be input. That is, the variable symbol wk (t) corresponds to the frequency components w1, w2,..., Wn which are the frequency analysis results Fa in FIG.
- variable symbols x (t), y (t), z (t) correspond to the synchronization position representative value xyz (x, y, z), the synchronization temperature representative value T, and the synchronization angle representative value ⁇ in FIG. Therefore, dj (t) represented by Expression (3) represents the distance dj from the coordinate position represented by the input vector Vt synchronized at time t to the j-th cluster surface.
- the mode number Mod is input to the cluster data generation unit 252 (see FIG. 5) as a signal for permitting the operation.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing an example of clusters and anomalies generated by the learning unit 25 and used by the anomaly calculator 26.
- the cluster according to the present embodiment is generated in a (n + 5) -dimensional space, and it is difficult to represent the space in a two-dimensional plane, but in FIG. 7, the frequency components w1, w2, and wn Only the coordinate axes and the coordinate axes of the synchronization angle representative value ⁇ are schematically shown.
- black square marks ( ⁇ marks) represent data (learning data) input during the learning mode
- black circle marks ( ⁇ marks) indicate data input during the failure sign detection mode ( (Predictive failure detection target data).
- the learning unit 25 sets the cluster # 1 and the cluster # 2 represented by multidimensional spheres so that the learning data (marked by ⁇ ) are included in a dense portion. Generate.
- the abnormality degree calculation unit 26 uses the cluster # 1 or # that is closest to the position indicated by the failure sign detection target data ( ⁇ mark). 2 is calculated as the degree of abnormality Sd.
- the failure sign determination unit 27 determines the presence or absence of a failure sign by comparing the degree of abnormality Sd with a predetermined threshold. Generally, “0” is set as the threshold value. Therefore, when the position indicated by the failure sign detection target data (marked with ⁇ ) is included on the surface or inside of the cluster # 1 or # 2, the abnormality degree Sd becomes zero or a negative value, and no failure sign is detected. It is determined that On the other hand, when the degree of abnormality Sd becomes a positive value, the failure sign detection target data (marked with ⁇ ) is not included in any cluster, so abnormal data, that is, failure It is determined that a sign has been detected.
- the space in which the learning unit 25 generates a cluster is the synchronization position representative value xyz (x, y, z), synchronization in addition to the frequency components w1, w2,.
- a typical temperature T and a typical representative angle ⁇ are used. Therefore, when the position, temperature, and angle (attitude angle) of the X-ray tube 12 are different, clusters having the same frequency component are not always generated.
- different clusters # 1 and # 2 are formed in the vicinity of the synchronization angle representative value (the attitude angle of the X-ray tube 12) near 0 degrees and 60 degrees, respectively.
- the frequency of vibration generated from the normal X-ray tube 12 differs between the posture angle of around 0 degrees and around 60 degrees.
- the attitude angle of the failure sign detection target X-ray tube 12 is 0 degree
- vibrations included in the cluster # 2 occur from the X-ray tube 12
- a space for generating a cluster is formed only by the frequency components w1, w2,..., Wn, it cannot be detected as abnormal.
- this embodiment can detect the difference in abnormal noise in consideration of the difference in the position, temperature, and attitude angle of the X-ray tube 12, so that the failure sign of the X-ray tube 12 can be detected with high accuracy. It becomes possible to do.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of the entire processing flow in the X-ray tube failure sign detection apparatus 11 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the processes shown in and after FIG. 8 are executed by the central processing unit 113 (see FIG. 1) of the X-ray tube failure sign detection apparatus 11.
- the operation mode set by the mode setting unit 24 has already been set to any one of the prohibit mode, the learning mode, and the failure sign detection mode, and the setting information is stored in the storage device 116. (See FIG. 1).
- the central processing unit 113 first determines whether or not the operation mode set by the mode setting unit 24 is the prohibit mode (step S01). As a result of the determination, if the prohibit mode is set (Yes in step S01), the central processing unit 113 ends the process without doing anything. When the prohibit mode is not set (No in step S01), the central processing unit 113 further determines whether or not the operation mode is the learning mode (step S02).
- step S02 determines whether the learning mode has been completed and the operation mode is the failure sign detection mode (step S04). .
- step S04 determines whether learning processing has been completed and the operation mode is learning mode (Yes in step S04). If the result of determination in step S04 is that learning processing has been completed and the operation mode is learning mode (Yes in step S04), the central processing unit 113 executes failure sign detection processing (step S05). ), The process is terminated. When the learning process is not completed or the failure sign detection mode is not set (No in step S04), the central processing unit 113 ends the process.
- step S03 is a process for realizing the learning unit 25, and a more detailed processing flow will be separately described with reference to FIG.
- the failure sign detection process in step S05 is a process for realizing the abnormality degree calculation unit 26 and the failure sign determination unit 27, and a more detailed processing flow will be separately described with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of a detailed processing flow of the learning process.
- the central processing unit 113 first executes a representative value zero clear process (step S11).
- the representative value zero clear process is a process of clearing the position representative value, the temperature representative value, and the angle representative value stored in the position representative value storage unit 2213, the temperature representative value storage unit 2223, and the angle representative value storage unit 2233, respectively.
- the detailed processing flow will be described separately with reference to FIG.
- the central processing unit 113 repeats the processing from step S12 to step S17 as many times as the number of learning samples.
- the number of learning samples is the number of series of a series of time-series vibration data (vibration data corresponding to the number of FFT points) input for frequency analysis processing in the learning mode.
- the central processing unit 113 first executes measurement data acquisition processing until vibration data collection for the number of FFT points is completed (step S13, step S14).
- the measurement data acquisition process acquires three-axis acceleration, temperature, and angular velocity data measured by the acceleration sensor 131, the temperature sensor 132, and the gyro sensor 133 of the sensor unit 13, and vibration data, position representative values, and temperature representatives. This is a process of calculating the value and the representative angle value, and the detailed processing flow thereof will be described separately with reference to FIG.
- step S15 When the central processing unit 113 completes the acquisition of vibration data for the number of FFT points (Yes in step S14), the central processing unit 113 executes a representative value storage process (step S15), and further executes a representative value zero clear process (step S16).
- the representative value storage process the position representative value, the representative temperature value, and the representative angle value at the time when the vibration data acquisition is completed are associated with the time at the time, and the state data acquisition unit 22 (see FIG. 3) respectively
- This processing is stored in the position representative value history storage unit 2214, the temperature representative value history storage unit 2224, and the angle representative value history storage unit 2234, and the detailed processing flow thereof will be described separately with reference to FIG.
- the representative value zero clear process in step S16 is the same process as the representative value zero clear process in step S11.
- the central processing unit 113 repeats the processing from step S18 to step S21 as many times as the number of learning samples, and executes the FFT processing on the vibration data for each learning sample in the repetition processing (step S19). Further, representative value acquisition processing is executed (step S20).
- the FFT process is a process of performing frequency analysis on vibration data for each learning sample using fast Fourier transform.
- the representative value acquisition process refers to the position representative value history storage unit 2214, the temperature representative value history storage unit 2224, and the angle representative value history storage unit 2234, and the final data of the vibration data used for each frequency analysis is obtained.
- the position representative value, the temperature representative value, and the angle representative value at the time closest to the acquired time are acquired as the synchronization position representative value, the synchronization temperature representative value, and the synchronization angle representative value, respectively.
- the detailed processing flow of the representative value acquisition process will be described separately with reference to FIG.
- the data of the synchronization angle representative value ⁇ is obtained. That is, learning data vectors (w1, w2,..., Wn, x, y, z, T, ⁇ ) corresponding to the number of learning samples are generated. Therefore, the central processing unit 113 performs cluster analysis on learning data vectors (w1, w2,..., Wn, x, y, z, T, ⁇ ) corresponding to the number of learning samples, and the generated clusters are analyzed. Then, the cluster radius and the barycentric coordinates are calculated (step S22), and the learning process is terminated.
- step S21 not only the learning data vector generated by the repeated processing from step S18 to step S21 but also the learning data vector previously obtained from the same X-ray tube 12 is included. You may perform a cluster analysis.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a detailed process flow of the failure sign detection process.
- the central processing unit 113 first executes a representative value zero clear process (step S31).
- This representative value zero clear process is the same process as the representative value zero clear process (step S11) in the learning process of FIG. 9, and a detailed process flow thereof will be separately described with reference to FIG.
- step S32 to step S37 is the same as the processing from step S12 to step S17, except that the number of learning samples is replaced with the number of detection target samples in step S12 and step S17 in the learning processing of FIG. Therefore, the description is omitted.
- the number of samples to be detected is the number of series of time-series vibration data (vibration data corresponding to the number of FFT points) input for frequency analysis processing in the failure sign detection mode.
- the central processing unit 113 repeats the processing from step S38 to step S42 as many times as the number of detection target samples, and executes FFT processing on vibration data for each detection target sample in the repetition processing (step S39)
- a representative value acquisition process is executed (step S40)
- an abnormality degree calculation process is executed (step S41), and the failure sign detection process is terminated.
- the FFT process in step S39 and the representative value acquisition process in step S40 are the same processes as the FFT process (step S19) and the representative value acquisition process (step S20) in the learning process of FIG. Therefore, a vector (w1, w2,..., Wn, x, y, z, T, ⁇ ) of failure sign detection target data is generated as a result of these processes.
- the degree-of-abnormality calculation process (step S41) the position represented by the vector (w1, w2,..., Wn, x, y, z, T, ⁇ ) of the failure sign detection target data in the n + 5-dimensional vector space, and learning The distance from the cluster generated by the processing (see FIG. 8) is obtained, and the degree of abnormality represented by Expression (3) is calculated.
- the detailed processing flow of the abnormality degree calculation process will be described separately with reference to FIG.
- the central processing unit 113 executes threshold determination processing (step S43), and outputs the result as failure sign detection data.
- the threshold value determination process the presence or absence of failure sign detection is determined by comparing the abnormality degree calculated in the abnormality degree calculation process (step S41) with a predetermined threshold value. Can be assumed. For example, it may be determined that only one abnormality degree greater than a predetermined threshold is detected, or a failure sign is detected, or when five or more abnormality degrees greater than a predetermined threshold are detected, for example. It may be determined that a failure sign has been detected.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of a detailed processing flow of the representative value zero clear processing.
- the central processing unit 113 firstly stores the position representative value (xa, ya, za) and the number of samples stored in the position representative value storage unit 2213 (see FIG. 3). Na is cleared to zero (step S111). Subsequently, the central processing unit 113 clears the temperature representative value Ta and the sample number Na stored in the temperature representative value storage unit 2223 to zero (step S112), and further, the angle stored in the angle representative value storage unit 2233. The representative value ⁇ a and the number of samples Na are cleared to zero (step S113), and the representative value zero clear process ends.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of a detailed processing flow of measurement data acquisition processing.
- the triaxial acceleration, angular velocity, and temperature are acquired at different timings.
- the acquisition timing of triaxial acceleration is about 10 ⁇ s, for example, but the acquisition timing of temperature may be, for example, one second.
- the central processing unit 113 first determines whether or not it is the triaxial acceleration acquisition timing, and if it is the triaxial acceleration acquisition timing (Yes in step S51), acquires the triaxial acceleration measured by the acceleration sensor 131. (Step S52). Next, the central processing unit 113 calculates the vibration data Dv from the triaxial acceleration, and stores it in the recording device 115 together with the time at that time (step S53). Further, the central processing unit 113 calculates current position data (xc, yc, zc) from the three-axis acceleration, and stores it in the current position storage unit 2211 together with the time at that time (step S54).
- the central processing unit 113 calculates the position representative value (xa, ya, za) and the number of samples Na using the expressions (1) and (2) described above, and the position representative along with the time at that time.
- the value is stored in the value storage unit 2213 (step S55).
- step S51 the central processing unit 113 skips steps S52 to S55 and proceeds to a determination process in step S56.
- the central processing unit 113 determines whether or not it is a temperature acquisition timing, and if it is a temperature acquisition timing (Yes in step S56), the central processing unit 113 determines whether or not the housing of the X-ray tube 12 measured by the temperature sensor 132 is reached.
- the temperature data Dt is acquired (step S57), and the acquired temperature data Dt is stored in the current temperature storage unit 2221 together with the current time (step S58).
- the central processing unit 113 calculates the temperature representative value Ta and the number of samples Na using equations similar to the equations (1) and (2), and stores them in the temperature representative value storage unit 2223 together with the time at that time. (Step S59).
- step S56 the central processing unit 113 skips the processes in steps S57 to S59 and proceeds to the determination process in step S60.
- the central processing unit 113 determines whether or not it is the angular velocity acquisition timing. If it is the angular velocity acquisition timing (Yes in step S60), the central processing unit 113 acquires the angular velocity measured by the gyro sensor 133 (step S61). Then, the current angle data Da is calculated from the acquired angular velocity, and is stored in the current angle storage unit 2231 together with the time at that time (step S62). Further, the central processing unit 113 calculates the angle representative value ⁇ a and the number of samples Na using the expressions similar to the expressions (1) and (2), and stores them in the angle representative value storage unit 2233 together with the time at that time. (Step S63). Next, the central processing unit 113 ends the measurement data acquisition process.
- the central processing unit 113 skips the processes of steps S61 to S63 and ends the measurement data acquisition process.
- the central processing unit 113 acquires the triaxial acceleration from the sensor unit 13 and calculates the vibration data and the position data from the triaxial acceleration.
- the vibration data Dv may be calculated and output by the signal processing unit 135 of the sensor unit 13 (vibration data output unit 1351), and the position data Dp may be calculated and output (position data output unit 1352).
- the angle data Da may be calculated from the angular velocity by the signal processing unit 135 of the sensor unit 13 and output (angle data output unit 1354).
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of a detailed processing flow of the representative value storing process. As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the representative value storing process is executed when acquisition of time-series vibration data (vibration data corresponding to the number of FFT points) necessary for frequency analysis as a unit is completed.
- time-series vibration data vibration data corresponding to the number of FFT points
- the central processing unit 113 displays the position representative value (xa, ya, za) stored in the position representative value storage unit 2213 at that time together with the time at that time.
- the data is stored in the position representative value history storage unit 2214 (step S151).
- the central processing unit 113 stores the temperature representative value Ta stored in the temperature representative value storage unit 2223 at that time together with the time at that time in the temperature representative value history storage unit 2224 (step S152).
- the central processing unit 113 stores the angle representative value ⁇ a stored in the angle representative value storage unit 2233 at that time together with the time at that time in the angle representative value history storage unit 2234 (step S153),
- the value saving process ends.
- the representative value Ta and the angle representative value ⁇ a can be said to be representative values synchronized at time t when acquisition of time-series vibration data (vibration data for the number of FFT points) necessary for frequency analysis as a unit is completed.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of a detailed processing flow of the representative value acquisition processing. As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the representative value acquisition process (steps S20 and S40) is executed after the FFT process (steps S19 and S39).
- the central processing unit 113 first acquires the time t associated with the final vibration data among the vibration data used in the previous FFT process (step S201). Subsequently, the central processing unit 113 uses the position representative value (xa, ya, za) associated with the time closest to the time t from the position representative value history storage unit 2214 as the synchronized position representative value (x (t)). , Y (t), z (t)) (step S202). Next, the central processing unit 113 extracts the temperature representative value Ta associated with the time closest to the time t from the temperature representative value history storage unit 2224 as the synchronized temperature representative value T (t) (step S203). . Next, the central processing unit 113 extracts the angle representative value ⁇ a associated with the time closest to the time t from the angle representative value history storage unit 2234 as the synchronization angle representative value ⁇ (t) (step S204). The representative value acquisition process ends.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example of a detailed processing flow of the abnormality degree calculation processing.
- the abnormality degree calculation process includes frequency components w1 (t), w2 (t),..., Wn obtained from the FFT process (FIG. 10: step S39) and the representative value acquisition process (step S40) of the failure sign detection process.
- -dimensional vector Is a process of calculating the distance from the position represented by the vector to the surface of each of the m clusters generated by the learning process (see FIG. 9), and extracting the minimum value from the distance to obtain the degree of abnormality. .
- a distance dj (t) from the position represented by ⁇ (t)) to the surface of cluster j is calculated (step S72). Note that the distance dj (t) is calculated using the above formulas (3) to (7).
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of data stored in the recording device 115.
- the recording device 115 stores mode table data 50, time-series vibration data 51, X-ray tube state data 52, frequency analysis data 53, learning data 55, failure sign detection data 56, and the like. .
- the mode table data 50 is composed of a plurality of sets of data in which the mode number 501, the shooting count upper limit 502 and the shooting count lower limit 503 are set as one set of data.
- Each one set of data corresponds to one operation mode of the X-ray tube failure sign detection apparatus 11.
- the mode setting unit 24 (see FIGS. 1 and 3) acquires the number of imaging from the X-ray tube 12, acquires the prohibition flag from the prohibition flag setting unit, and refers to the mode table data 50 to Set the operation mode.
- the time-series vibration data 51 is data in which vibration data Dv output from the sensor unit 13 is stored in order of time, and includes a plurality of time-series data in which the time 511 and the vibration data 512 are associated with each other.
- the time-series vibration data 51 is data to be subjected to frequency analysis, and is used by the frequency analysis unit 21.
- the X-ray tube state data 52 includes position data 521, temperature data 522, and angle data 523, and stores the current values and representative values of the position data Dp, temperature data Dt, and angle data Da output from the sensor unit 13. Data. A more detailed configuration of the position data 521 will be separately described with reference to FIG.
- the frequency analysis data 53 includes a sampling frequency 531, frequency analysis points 532, frequency analysis result data 533, and the like.
- the sampling frequency 531 is data for determining the period for acquiring the vibration data 512
- the frequency analysis point number 532 is data for determining the number of frequency components to be output in the frequency analysis.
- the frequency analysis result data 533 is data generated by the frequency analysis unit 21, and a detailed configuration thereof will be described separately with reference to FIG.
- the learning data 55 includes a learning sample number 551, a cluster number maximum value 552, cluster data 553, and the like.
- the learning sample number 551 is the number of series of a series of time-series vibration data (vibration data corresponding to the number of FFT points) input when the learning unit 25 generates the cluster data 553.
- the maximum number of clusters is the maximum number of clusters when the learning unit 25 generates a cluster.
- the cluster data 553 is generated by the learning unit 25, and the detailed configuration thereof will be described separately with reference to FIG.
- the failure sign detection data 56 includes the number of samples to be detected 561, an abnormality level threshold 562, failure sign determination result data 563, and the like.
- the failure sign determination result data 563 is the number of series of a series of time-series vibration data (vibration data corresponding to the number of FFT points) input when the abnormality degree calculation unit 26 calculates the abnormality degree.
- the abnormality degree threshold value 562 is a threshold value for determining whether the abnormality degree Sd calculated by the abnormality degree calculation unit 26 is normal or abnormal.
- the failure sign determination result data 563 is generated by the failure sign determination unit 27, and the detailed configuration thereof will be described separately with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an example of a detailed configuration of the position data 521 included in the X-ray tube state data 52.
- the position data 521 includes current position data 5211, position representative value data 5212, position representative value history data 5213, and the like.
- the current position data 5211 includes the current time and the coordinate value (xc, yc, zc) of the current position
- the position representative value data 5212 includes the current time and the current position representative value (xc, yc). , Zc) and the number of samples (Na).
- the position representative value history data 5213 is stored in the position representative value data 5212 each time the frequency analysis completion flag of the frequency analysis end notification data 54 is set to ON by the frequency analysis unit 21.
- (Xa, ya, za) is data accumulated in association with the frequency analysis completion time. That is, the position representative value history data 5213 includes a completion time (t (i)) that is a frequency analysis completion time and a plurality of position representative values (xa (i), ya (i) synchronized at that time. , Za (i)).
- the current position data 5211 is data stored in the current position storage unit 2211 shown in FIG. 3
- the position representative value data 5212 is data stored in the position representative value storage unit 2213 shown in FIG.
- the position representative value history data 5213 is data stored in the position representative value history storage unit 2214 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating an example of a detailed configuration of the frequency analysis result data 533 included in the frequency analysis data 53.
- the frequency analysis result data 533 includes unit analysis result data corresponding to the number of learning samples or the number of detection target samples, and each unit analysis result data includes a frequency analysis completion time, a plurality of frequency components. Data, synchronization position representative value (xa, ya, za), synchronization temperature representative value (Ta), and synchronization angle representative value ( ⁇ a).
- each frequency component data is composed of frequency, power, and phase data.
- the frequency analysis result data 533 obtained in the learning mode is used for cluster generation in the learning unit 25, and the frequency analysis result data 533 obtained in the failure sign detection mode is used in the abnormality degree calculation unit 26. Used to calculate the degree of abnormality Sd.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating an example of a detailed configuration of the cluster data 553 included in the learning data 55.
- the cluster data 553 includes unit cluster data for the number of clusters generated by the learning unit 25.
- Each unit cluster data (j-th cluster data) is composed of cluster centroid coordinates (wj1, wj2,..., Wjn, xj, yj, zj, Tj, ⁇ j) and a cluster radius rj.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an example of a detailed configuration of the failure sign determination result data 563 included in the failure sign detection data 56.
- the failure sign determination result data 563 includes unit determination result data for the number of detection target samples 561.
- Each unit determination result data includes time, degree of abnormality, and determination data.
- the time is the time when the failure sign detection target sample is acquired, and the abnormality degree and determination data are set based on the processing results in the abnormality degree calculation unit 26 and the failure sign determination unit 27.
- the X-ray tube failure sign detection device 11 is not only the data of the frequency analysis result based on the vibration data obtained by measuring the vibration generated in the X-ray tube 12 but also the position and orientation of the X-ray tube 12.
- Cluster data is created by performing cluster analysis with data including angle and temperature data. Also, when detecting a failure sign, not only the data of the frequency analysis result based on the vibration data obtained from the X-ray tube 12 but also the data of the position, posture angle, and temperature of the X-ray tube 12 at that time are included. The distance to the nearest cluster surface, that is, the degree of abnormality Sd is calculated using the obtained data.
- the degree of abnormality Sd obtained in this way is compared with the case where abnormality (abnormal noise) of vibration data from the X-ray tube 12 is detected using a cluster generated based only on the frequency analysis result of vibration data.
- the accuracy of detecting failure signs is improved. The reason is as described with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the configuration of the transmission X-ray imaging apparatus 1 to which the X-ray tube failure sign detection apparatus 11 according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- the transmission X-ray imaging apparatus 1 irradiates a subject 7 placed on a table 3 with X-rays 6 from an X-ray tube 12 disposed above the subject 7 and transmits the subject 7.
- This is a device that captures an X-ray transmission image of the subject 7 by detecting the X-rays 6 with the X-ray detector 2 disposed below the table 3.
- the sensor unit 13 is attached to the housing of the X-ray tube 12, and the sensor unit 13 is connected to the X-ray tube failure sign detection device 11.
- the vibration data Dv, position data Dp, temperature data Dt, and angle data Da measured by the sensor unit 13 are input to the X-ray tube failure sign detection device 11.
- the X-ray tube 12 is also connected to the X-ray tube failure sign detection device 11 (connection wiring is not shown), and from the X-ray tube 12, the number-of-times data Dc in the X-ray tube 12 is X-ray tube failure. Input to the sign detection device 11.
- the X-ray tube 12 is held by the X-ray tube holder 5 and is configured to be freely movable along the body axis direction of the subject 7 and the direction perpendicular to the body axis.
- the X-ray tube holder 5 is supported on the table 3 or the floor by the support column 4 and is configured to be able to adjust the distance between the X-ray tube 12 and the subject 7 by expanding and contracting the support column 4. Further, the X-ray tube holder 5 is configured so that the column 4 can be tilted or rotated around the body axis of the subject 7.
- Control for moving or tilting (rotating) the X-ray tube 12 as described above is performed by the imaging control device 10. Further, the imaging control device 10 controls the X-ray generation timing in the X-ray tube 12 and generates a transmission image of the subject 7 based on the X-ray intensity data acquired by the X-ray detector 2.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the configuration of the X-ray CT apparatus 1a to which the X-ray tube failure sign detection apparatus 11 according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- the basic components and functions of the X-ray CT apparatus 1a are almost the same as those of the transmission X-ray imaging apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 21, but are specifically different in the following points. Only the differences will be described below.
- the one corresponding to the X-ray tube holder 5 is called a gantry 5a.
- the gantry 5a has an annular shape, and the subject 7 placed on the table 3 is placed in the center of the annular shape of the gantry 5a along the body axis.
- the gantry 5a supports the X-ray tube 12 and the X-ray detector 2 so as to be arranged at positions opposite to each other about the body axis of the subject 7, and the gantry 5a further includes the X-ray.
- the tube 12 and the X-ray detector 2 are configured to be able to rotate 360 degrees around the body axis of the subject 7. Therefore, the X-ray tube 12 can irradiate the subject 7 with X-rays 6 from all directions.
- the imaging control apparatus 10 controls the X-ray tube 12 and the X-ray detector 2 to acquire an X-ray transmission image of the subject 7 from all directions of 360 degrees, and the subject 7 from all directions of 360 degrees.
- a cross-sectional tomographic image perpendicular to the body axis of the subject 7 is generated using the X-ray transmission image. That is, the X-ray CT apparatus 1a is greatly different from the transmission X-ray imaging apparatus 1 of FIG. 21 in that it does not acquire a simple transmission image of the subject 7 but acquires a tomographic image of the subject 7.
- the X-ray detector 2 is not disposed at the position opposite to the X-ray tube 12, but may be disposed over the entire circumference of the ring of the gantry 5a. In this case, even when the X-ray tube 12 rotates along the ring of the gantry 5a, the X-ray detector 2 does not rotate.
- the X-ray tube 12 has a larger amount of positional movement and posture angle fluctuation than the transmission X-ray imaging apparatus 1 shown in FIG. Therefore, since the X-ray CT apparatus 1a includes the X-ray tube failure sign detection device 11, an abnormality (abnormal noise) in vibration data of the X-ray tube 12 can be accurately detected.
- the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, and includes various modifications.
- the above-described embodiment has been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and is not necessarily limited to one having all the configurations described. Further, a part of the configuration of an embodiment can be replaced with a part of the configuration of another embodiment, and further, a part or all of the configuration of the other embodiment is added to the configuration of the certain embodiment. Is also possible.
- Transmission X-ray imaging device (X-ray imaging device) 1a X-ray CT device (X-ray imaging device) 2 X-ray detector 3 Table 4 Support column 5 X-ray tube holder 6 X-ray 7 Subject 10 Imaging control device 11 X-ray tube failure sign detection device 111 Display device 112 Alarm device 113 Central processing device 114 Operation input device 115 Recording device 116 Storage device 117 I / O port 12 X-ray tube 121 X-ray tube 122 Coil 123 Rotating anode 123a Target member 124 Cathode 125 Control unit 1251 Imaging number counting unit 13 Sensor unit 131 Acceleration sensor 132 Temperature sensor 133 Gyro sensor 134 A / D Converter 135 Signal processing unit 1351 Vibration data output unit 1352 Position data output unit 1353 Temperature data output unit 1354 Angle data output unit 14 Console 20 Vibration data acquisition unit 21 Frequency analysis unit 22 Status data acquisition unit 221 Position Table value acquisition unit 2211 Current position storage unit 2212 Position representative value calculation unit 2213 Position representative value storage
Abstract
Description
なお、図2には、X線管12およびセンサユニット13のそれぞれについても、その一部の機能ブロック構成の例が参考用として併せて示されている。
なお、状態データ取得部22のさらに詳細な構成および機能については、別途、図3を参照して説明する。
なお、モード設定部24への入力データ(撮影回数データDcおよび禁止フラグFi)とモード設定部24で設定されるモード番号Modとの関係については、別途、図4を参照して説明する。
なお、学習部25のさらに詳細な構成および機能については、別途、図5を参照して説明する。
なお、異常度計算部26のさらに詳細な構成および機能については、別途、図6を参照して説明する。
xa’={xa・Na+xc}/(Na+1)、
ya’={ya・Na+yc}/(Na+1)、
za’={za・Na+zc}/(Na+1) (1)
Na’=Na+1 (2)
1a X線CT装置(X線撮像装置)
2 X線検出器
3 テーブル
4 支柱
5 X線管保持体
6 X線
7 被写体
10 撮影制御装置
11 X線管故障予兆検知装置
111 表示装置
112 警報装置
113 中央処理装置
114 操作入力装置
115 記録装置
116 記憶装置
117 I/Oポート
12 X線管
121 X線管球
122 コイル
123 回転陽極
123a ターゲット部材
124 陰極
125 制御部
1251 撮影回数計数部
13 センサユニット
131 加速度センサ
132 温度センサ
133 ジャイロセンサ
134 A/D変換器
135 信号処理部
1351 振動データ出力部
1352 位置データ出力部
1353 温度データ出力部
1354 角度データ出力部
14 操作卓
20 振動データ取得部
21 周波数分析部
22 状態データ取得部
221 位置代表値取得部
2211 現在位置記憶部
2212 位置代表値算出部
2213 位置代表値記憶部
2214 位置代表値履歴記憶部
222 温度代表値取得部
2221 現在温度記憶部
2222 温度代表値算出部
2223 温度代表値記憶部
2224 温度代表値履歴記憶部
223 角度代表値取得部
2231 現在角度記憶部
2232 角度代表値算出部
2233 角度代表値記憶部
2234 角度代表値履歴記憶部
23 禁止フラグ設定部
24 モード設定部
25 学習部
251 デマルチプレクサ
252 クラスタデータ生成部
253 マルチプレクサ
26 異常度計算部
261 デマルチプレクサ
262 距離算出部
263 最小値抽出部
27 故障予兆判定部
Claims (9)
- 禁止モード、学習モードおよび故障予兆検知モードのうちいずれかの1つの動作モードを設定するモード設定部と、
X線管から発生する振動の振動データを取得するとともに、前記取得した振動データの数が1回の周波数分析に使用する既定のデータ数の倍数に達するたびに振動データ取得完了通知を出力する振動データ取得部と、
前記振動データ取得部で取得された前記既定のデータ数の振動データごとに周波数分析をする周波数分析部と、
前記X線管の動作状態を表す状態データを取得するとともに、前記振動データ取得部から出力された振動データ取得完了通知を受けたタイミングで、前記取得した状態データを同期化する状態データ取得部と、
前記モード設定部により学習モードが設定されている場合に、前記周波数分析部による周波数分析で得られる周波数成分データと、前記状態データ取得部によって同期化された状態データと、からなる複数の学習データを入力としてクラスタ分析を行い、1つ以上のクラスタデータを生成する学習部と、
前記モード設定部により故障予兆検知モードが設定されている場合に、前記周波数分析部による周波数分析で得られる周波数成分データと、前記状態データ取得部によって同期化された状態データと、からなる故障予兆検知対象データが表す位置から、前記学習部によって生成されたそれぞれのクラスタの表面までの距離のうち最小のものを異常度として算出する異常度計算部と、
前記異常度計算部によって算出された異常度を既定の閾値と比較することによって、故障予兆を判定する故障予兆判定部と、
を備えること
を特徴とするX線管故障予兆検知装置。 - 前記状態データ取得部によって取得される状態データは、
前記X線管の位置データ、姿勢角データおよび温度データのうち、少なくともその1つを含むこと
を特徴とする請求項1に記載のX線管故障予兆検知装置。 - 前記同期化された状態データは、
前記振動データ取得部によって前記既定のデータ数の振動データが取得される間に前記状態データ取得部によって取得された前記状態データの平均値であること
を特徴とする請求項1に記載のX線管故障予兆検知装置。 - 前記モード設定部は、
前記X線管から送信される前記X線管での撮影回数に基づき、前記撮影回数が第1の上限回数以下のとき、前記禁止モードを設定し、前記撮影回数が前記第1の上限回数より大きく、前記第1の上限回数より大きい第2の上限回数以下のとき、前記学習モードを設定し、前記撮影回数が前記第2の上限回数より大きいとき、前記故障予兆検知モードを設定すること
を特徴とする請求項1に記載のX線管故障予兆検知装置。 - コンピュータが、
禁止モード、学習モードおよび故障予兆検知モードのうちいずれかの1つの動作モードを設定するモード設定処理と、
X線管から発生する振動の振動データを取得するとともに、前記取得した振動データの数が1回の周波数分析に使用する既定のデータ数の倍数に達するたびに振動データ取得完了通知を出力する振動データ取得処理と、
前記振動データ取得処理で取得された前記既定のデータ数の振動データごとに周波数分析をする周波数分析処理と、
前記X線管の動作状態を表す状態データを取得するとともに、前記振動データ取得処理から出力された振動データ取得完了通知を受けたタイミングで、前記取得した状態データを同期化する状態データ取得処理と、
前記モード設定処理により学習モードが設定されている場合に、前記周波数分析処理による周波数分析で得られる周波数成分データと、前記状態データ取得処理によって同期化された状態データと、からなる複数の学習データを入力としてクラスタ分析を行い、1つ以上のクラスタデータを生成する学習処理と、
前記モード設定処理により故障予兆検知モードが設定されている場合に、前記周波数分析処理による周波数分析で得られる周波数成分データと、前記状態データ取得処理によって同期化された状態データと、からなる故障予兆検知対象データが表す位置から、前記学習処理によって生成されたそれぞれのクラスタの表面までの距離のうち最小のものを異常度として算出する異常度計算処理と、
前記異常度計算処理によって算出された異常度を既定の閾値と比較することによって、故障予兆を判定する故障予兆判定処理と、
を実行すること
を特徴とするX線管故障予兆検知方法。 - 前記状態データ取得処理によって取得される状態データは、
前記X線管の位置データ、姿勢角データおよび温度データのうち、少なくともその1つを含むこと
を特徴とする請求項5に記載のX線管故障予兆検知方法。 - 前記同期化された状態データは、
前記振動データ取得部によって前記既定のデータ数の振動データが取得される間に前記状態データ取得処理によって取得された前記状態データの平均値であること
を特徴とする請求項5に記載のX線管故障予兆検知方法。 - 前記コンピュータは、
前記モード設定処理において、前記X線管から送信される前記X線管での撮影回数に基づき、前記撮影回数が第1の上限回数以下のとき、前記禁止モードを設定し、前記撮影回数が前記第1の上限回数より大きく、前記第1の上限回数より大きい第2の上限回数以下のとき、前記学習モードを設定し、前記撮影回数が前記第2の上限回数より大きいとき、前記故障予兆検知モードを設定すること
を特徴とする請求項5に記載のX線管故障予兆検知方法。 - 請求項1ないし請求項4のいずれか1項に記載のX線管故障予兆検知装置を備えたこと
を特徴とするX線撮像装置。
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