WO2015166559A1 - Dispositif d'alimentation électrique, dispositif d'éclairage à source de lumière, et dispositif de charge de batterie - Google Patents

Dispositif d'alimentation électrique, dispositif d'éclairage à source de lumière, et dispositif de charge de batterie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015166559A1
WO2015166559A1 PCT/JP2014/061998 JP2014061998W WO2015166559A1 WO 2015166559 A1 WO2015166559 A1 WO 2015166559A1 JP 2014061998 W JP2014061998 W JP 2014061998W WO 2015166559 A1 WO2015166559 A1 WO 2015166559A1
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Prior art keywords
unit
power supply
output
current
switching element
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PCT/JP2014/061998
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
寛 石▲崎▼
大澤　孝
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三菱電機株式会社
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Priority to JP2016513933A priority Critical patent/JP5959785B2/ja
Priority to PCT/JP2014/061998 priority patent/WO2015166559A1/fr
Publication of WO2015166559A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015166559A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
    • G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power supply device capable of stable output without being affected by fluctuations in the power supply, a light source lighting device using the power supply device, and a battery charging device.
  • Patent Documents 1 and 2 describing a power factor correction circuit corresponding to a commercial AC power supply that varies sinusoidally are shown as reference examples.
  • the power supply device of Patent Document 1 converts an AC power source into a DC voltage by a rectifier and inputs it to an active filter (power factor correction circuit), and smoothes the output voltage of the active filter with a smoothing capacitor and applies it to a load.
  • the output DC voltage is obtained.
  • This power supply device detects the output DC voltage, calculates the difference from the target voltage for each set point in one cycle of the AC power supply, and changes the duty of the switching element PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signal according to the calculated value And correct the output DC voltage.
  • PWM Pulse Width Modulation
  • the power supply circuit of Patent Document 2 has a configuration including a DC / DC converter in the subsequent stage of an active smoothing filter (power factor correction circuit).
  • this power supply circuit operates an inrush current prevention resistor by a start signal of the DC / DC converter after the active smoothing filter is started.
  • the stability of the output voltage can be increased by providing a DC / DC converter after the active smoothing filter.
  • the DC / DC converter is adapted to cope with the voltage fluctuation of the smoothing capacitor. Requires complicated control.
  • the active smoothing filter in the front stage and the DC / DC converter in the rear stage each have separate control units and operate independently so that the respective outputs are suitable, information necessary for control of each control unit There are many, and control is complicated.
  • JP 2004-260871 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-14225
  • the voltage stability has been relied on the capacity of the smoothing capacitor in the past, but even if a large capacity smoothing capacitor is used, the voltage across the terminals of the smoothing capacitor must be kept strictly constant. There was a problem that it was difficult. Further, when a DC / DC converter or the like is added to make the voltage fluctuation of the smoothing capacitor constant, there is a problem that the circuit configuration becomes complicated.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to obtain a stable output with a simple circuit configuration.
  • a power supply device includes a smoothing capacitor between an input from a power supply and an output to a load, and includes a switching element and a coil arranged in series between the smoothing capacitor and the output.
  • a detection unit that detects an output current or output voltage, an average unit that averages a detection value detected by the detection unit, and a difference between a detection value detected by the detection unit and an average value averaged by the average unit
  • An error amplifying unit and a driving signal generating unit that generates a driving signal for intermittently driving the switching element from the output of the error amplifying unit are provided, and an operation of bringing the detected value close to the average value is performed.
  • a light source lighting device includes a smoothing capacitor between an input from a power source and a light source serving as a load, and outputs a current for lighting the light source, between the smoothing capacitor and the light source.
  • Switching elements and coils arranged in series, a detection unit for detecting the output current, an average unit for averaging the detection values detected by the detection unit, and an average obtained by averaging the detection values and the average unit detected by the detection unit
  • An error amplifying unit that amplifies a difference from the value, and a drive signal generating unit that generates a drive signal for intermittently driving the switching element from the output of the error amplifying unit, and performs an operation of bringing the detected value close to an average value .
  • a light source lighting device includes a smoothing capacitor between an input from a power source and a light source serving as a load, and the light source is turned on by a periodic pulsed current.
  • a switching element and a coil arranged in series with the light source, a detection unit for detecting an output current, a smoothing unit for smoothing a detection value detected by the detection unit, and a detection value detected by the detection unit Switching the switching element from the output of the error amplifying unit that amplifies the difference between the smoothing value smoothed by the smoothing unit and the average value averaged by the averaging unit Drives and outputs a pulse-shaped current with a preset peak value, and a drive signal generation unit that operates the output cycle of the pulse-shaped current, and performs an operation of bringing the smooth value close to the average value is there.
  • a battery charging device includes a smoothing capacitor between an input from a power source and a battery serving as a load, and outputs a current for charging the battery, between the smoothing capacitor and the battery.
  • Switching elements and coils arranged in series, a detection unit for detecting the output current, an average unit for averaging the detection values detected by the detection unit, and an average obtained by averaging the detection values and the average unit detected by the detection unit
  • An error amplifying unit that amplifies a difference from the value
  • a drive signal generating unit that generates a drive signal for intermittently driving the switching element from the output of the error amplifying unit, and performs an operation of bringing the detected value close to an average value .
  • the switching element and the coil are provided between the smoothing capacitor and the output, and the output current or the output voltage can be stabilized by operating the switching element. Further, by setting the target value for controlling the output current or output voltage to the average value of the current or voltage output by itself, a power supply device having a simple circuit configuration can be realized. Further, since the influence of fluctuations in the terminal voltage of the smoothing capacitor is small, the capacity of the smoothing capacitor can be reduced.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram illustrating a configuration example of a drive signal generation unit of the power supply device according to the first embodiment.
  • 4 is a graph schematically showing a power supply voltage of a DC power supply, an output current detection value of the power supply device, and an output current average value in the first embodiment. 4 is a graph showing waveforms of an output of an error amplifying unit and a drive signal of a switching element of the power supply device according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph schematically showing a power supply voltage of a DC power supply, an output voltage detection value of a power supply device, and an output voltage average value in the second embodiment. It is a circuit diagram which shows the structural example of the power supply device which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram showing a modification of the power supply device according to Embodiment 3.
  • FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram showing a modification of the power supply device according to Embodiment 3.
  • It is a circuit diagram which shows the structural example of the power supply device which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention.
  • a configuration example of a conventional AC / DC converter will be shown as a reference example for helping understanding of the power supply device according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a graph schematically showing an input voltage of a power supply device according to a fifth embodiment, an input voltage after rectification, a voltage between terminals of a smoothing capacitor, an output current detection value, and an output voltage detection value.
  • 12 is a graph showing waveforms of an output of an error amplifier and a drive signal of a switching element of a power supply device according to a fifth embodiment.
  • 10 is an enlarged graph of an output current detection value and an output current average value of a power supply device according to Embodiment 5, and an output current detection value when there is no feedback control of a ripple reduction filter unit.
  • a configuration example of a conventional power factor correction circuit will be shown as a reference example for helping understanding of the power supply device according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • 18 is a graph schematically showing an input voltage and an input current, and an output voltage and an output current of the PFC / converter unit of FIG. It is a circuit diagram which shows the structural example of the power supply device which concerns on Embodiment 6 of this invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a graph illustrating waveforms of an output of an error amplifying unit and a drive signal of a switching element of a power supply device according to a sixth embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram showing a modification of the power supply device according to Embodiment 6.
  • FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram showing a modification of the power supply device according to Embodiment 6.
  • FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram showing a modification of the power supply device according to Embodiment 6. It is a circuit diagram which shows the structural example of the power supply device which concerns on Embodiment 7 of this invention.
  • 14 is a graph schematically showing a voltage between terminals of a smoothing capacitor and an output current detection value of a power supply device according to a seventh embodiment.
  • FIG. 18 is a graph showing waveforms of an output of an error amplifying unit and a driving signal of a switching element of a power supply device according to a seventh embodiment. It is a circuit diagram which shows the structural example of the LED lighting device using the power supply device which concerns on Embodiment 8 of this invention. It is a circuit diagram which shows the structural example of the LED lighting device using the power supply device which concerns on Embodiment 9 of this invention.
  • FIG. 29 is a circuit diagram showing a modification of the LED lighting device using the power supply device according to Embodiment 9. It is a graph which shows typically the power supply voltage of the rectangular wave power supply input into the LED lighting device of FIG. 29, a pulse-shaped output current detection value, a pulse-shaped output current average value, and a peak current value.
  • Embodiment 1 FIG.
  • a DC power source 1a is connected to the input side of the power supply apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment, and a load 2 is connected to the output side.
  • the power supply device 10 includes a smoothing capacitor C1 between the DC power supply 1a and the load 2, and the fluctuation superimposed on the DC power supply 1a is transmitted to the load 2 by temporarily storing the power supply in the smoothing capacitor C1. To reduce.
  • the ripple reduction filter unit 11 is provided in the subsequent stage of the smoothing capacitor C1, and the switching element SW1 is intermittently operated by the drive signal generated by the drive signal generation unit.
  • the power supply voltage is high, excessive power is stored in the smoothing capacitor C1 while suppressing the power flowing out from the DC power supply 1a by the switching element SW1 and the coil L1, and the terminal voltage of the smoothing capacitor C1 is increased.
  • the power supply voltage is low, the power stored in the smoothing capacitor C1 is discharged, and the power supply power is supplemented while lowering the terminal voltage of the smoothing capacitor C1. By such an operation, the output current or the output voltage is made constant.
  • the power supply device 10 that outputs a stable current is configured by controlling the switching element SW1 by PWM (Pulse Width Modulation).
  • a switching element SW1 and a coil L1 are arranged in series between the smoothing capacitor C1 and the load 2, and the current flowing through the coil L1 is intermittently switched by the switching element SW1.
  • the energy stored in the coil L1 when the switching element SW1 is turned on is released through the return diode D1 when the switching element SW1 is turned off.
  • an FET Field Effect Transistor
  • other switching elements such as a transistor may be used.
  • a switching element may be used instead of the reflux diode D1.
  • the current detection resistor R1 detects an instantaneous value of the output current output from the ripple reduction filter unit 11 to the load 2.
  • the averaging unit 12 is composed of a resistor R2 and a capacitor C2 (RC filter), and converts to a stable substantially direct current, that is, averages, based on many (long time) output current detection values detected by the current detection resistor R1. .
  • the time constant by the resistor R2 and the capacitor C2 is set to be sufficiently long with respect to the cycle in which the DC power source 1a varies.
  • the error amplifying unit 13 is composed of, for example, an operational amplifier.
  • the output current detection value detected by the current detection resistor R1 is input to one input terminal, and the output current average value averaged by the averaging unit 12 is input to the other input terminal. The difference between these values is amplified and output from the output terminal.
  • the average value of the averaging unit 12 is used as a target value for feedback control of the output current.
  • the drive signal generation unit 14 receives the output of the error amplification unit 13 and generates a drive signal for intermittently driving the switching element SW1.
  • FIG. 2 shows a configuration example of the drive signal generation unit 14.
  • the error amplifying unit 13 amplifies the difference between the output current detection value Iout and the output current average value Iave and outputs the difference to the comparator 15, and the comparator 15 outputs the output of the error amplifying unit 13 and the triangular wave generator 16.
  • the PWM waveform drive signal is generated by comparing with the triangular wave.
  • the drive signal generation unit 14 performs an operation of causing the switching element SW1 to be intermittently driven by the drive signal and causing the output current detection value Iout to approach the output current average value Iave.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph schematically showing the power supply voltage V1a, the output current detection value Iout, and the output current average value Iave of the DC power supply 1a, with the horizontal axis representing time and the vertical axis representing voltage or current.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing waveforms of the output of the error amplifying unit 13 (broken line) and the driving signal (solid line) of the switching element SW1, where the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents voltage.
  • the ripple reduction filter unit 11 temporarily stores power in the smoothing capacitor C1 provided on the DC power supply 1a side, and turns on / off the switching element SW1 to suppress the influence due to fluctuations in the power supply voltage V1a and to output current. Stabilize.
  • an output current average value Iave obtained by averaging the output current detection value Iout is used. Further, the intermittent operation of the switching element SW1 is performed at a cycle that is 1/2 or less of the fluctuation cycle of the DC power source 1a.
  • the power supply device 10 includes the switching element SW1 and the coil L1 arranged in series between the smoothing capacitor C1 and the load 2, the current detection resistor R1 that detects the output current, An average unit 12 that averages the output current detection value detected by the current detection resistor R1, and an error that amplifies the difference between the output current detection value detected by the current detection resistor R1 and the output current average value averaged by the average unit 12.
  • the configuration includes an amplifying unit 13 and a driving signal generating unit 14 that generates a driving signal for intermittently driving the switching element SW1 from the output of the error amplifying unit 13 and performs an operation of bringing the detected output current value close to the average output current value.
  • the target setting circuit can be made unnecessary, so that a power supply device that can output a stable current with a simple circuit configuration can be realized.
  • the capacity of the smoothing capacitor can be reduced, that is, the number of smoothing capacitors used in parallel can be reduced, and a small power supply device can be obtained. realizable.
  • the capacity of the smoothing capacitor can be reduced, the inrush current when the power is turned on can be reduced, and a power supply device having favorable characteristics can be realized.
  • FIG. FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram illustrating a configuration example of the power supply device 20 according to the second embodiment. The same or corresponding parts as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph schematically showing the power supply voltage V1a of the DC power supply 1a, the output voltage detection value Vout of the power supply device 20, and the output voltage average value Vave, with the horizontal axis representing time and the vertical axis representing voltage.
  • the power supply device 20 that outputs a stable voltage is configured.
  • the voltage detection resistors R20 and R21 detect an instantaneous value of the output voltage output from the ripple reduction filter unit 21 to the load 2.
  • the averaging unit 12 averages the output voltage detection values detected by the voltage detection resistors R20 and R21.
  • the error amplifying unit 13 amplifies the difference between the output voltage detection value detected by the voltage detection resistors R20 and R21 and the output voltage average value averaged by the averaging unit 12.
  • the drive signal generation unit 14 generates a drive signal of the switching element SW1 from the output of the error amplification unit 13, and performs an operation of bringing the output voltage detection value closer to the output voltage average value by driving the switching element SW1 intermittently.
  • the power supply device 20 can eliminate the need for a target setting circuit by performing feedback control with the average value of the voltage output by itself as a target.
  • a power supply device capable of outputting a stable voltage with the configuration can be realized.
  • the capacity of the smoothing capacitor can be reduced, that is, the number of smoothing capacitors used in parallel can be reduced, and a small power supply device can be obtained. realizable.
  • the capacity of the smoothing capacitor can be reduced, the inrush current when the power is turned on can be reduced, and a power supply device having favorable characteristics can be realized.
  • FIG. FIGS. 7 to 9 are circuit diagrams showing configuration examples of the ripple reduction filter unit 31 of the power supply device 30 according to the third embodiment. 7 to 9, the same or corresponding parts as those in FIG. 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
  • an error amplification output stabilization unit 32 that maintains the output voltage of the error amplification unit 13 at a predetermined value is provided so that instability due to the offset of the error amplification unit 13 does not occur.
  • the output voltage detection value or the output voltage average value input to 13 is corrected.
  • the output voltage of the error amplification unit 13 can be maintained at a preset value when the state of the input power supply or the connected load is stable.
  • the drive signal of the switching element SW1 can be set to a preset duty (in the case of PWM control) or a cycle (in the case of PFM control).
  • the switching element SW1 can be intermittently driven in a preset form.
  • PFM control see Embodiment 9 below. That is, when there is no change in the state of the input power supply or the connected load, the intermittent operation performed by the switching element SW1 is made asymptotic to a preset duty or cycle, thereby stabilizing the behavior of the power supply device during steady operation. .
  • the 7 includes an operational amplifier 33, a reference power source 34, resistors R30 to R32, and a capacitor C30.
  • the average value of the output voltage of the error amplifier 13 is used as a reference voltage of the reference power source 34.
  • the operational amplifier 33 outputs the difference between the output voltage of the error amplifier 13 and the reference voltage of the reference power supply 34, averages this output by the resistor R30 and the capacitor C30, and inputs the inverting input of the error amplifier 13 via the resistor R31. Feedback to the terminal is performed to correct the detected output voltage value detected by the voltage detection resistors R20 and R21.
  • the time constant due to the resistor R2 and the capacitor C2 of the average unit 12 is set to a sufficiently long value with respect to the cycle in which the DC power source 1a fluctuates, and the time constant due to the resistor R30 and the capacitor C30 of the error amplification output stabilization unit 32 is A value longer than the time constant of the part 12 is set. That is, when there is no change in the state of the input power supply or the connected load, the intermittent operation performed by the switching element SW1 is made asymptotic to the preset duty or cycle over a longer time than the time constant of the averaging unit 12.
  • the 8 includes an operational amplifier 33, a reference power supply 34, and a resistor R33, and maintains the average value of the output voltage of the error amplification section 13 at the reference voltage of the reference power supply 34.
  • the operational amplifier 33 outputs the difference between the output voltage of the error amplifier 13 and the reference voltage of the reference power supply 34, averages this output by the resistor R33 and the capacitor C2, and feeds back to the non-inverting input terminal of the error amplifier 13.
  • the average output voltage value averaged by the averaging unit 12 is corrected.
  • the error amplification output stabilization unit 32 in FIG. 9 is a modification of the error amplification output stabilization unit 32 shown in FIG. 7 and has a configuration in which a capacitor C31 is provided at the inverting input terminal of the error amplification unit 13. Feedback from the error amplification output stabilization unit 32 through the resistor R31 is fed back to the inverting input terminal of the error amplification unit 13 to which the fluctuation of the output voltage detection value from which the DC component has been removed by inserting the capacitor C31 is input. The output voltage detection value detected by the detection resistors R20 and R21 is corrected. As a result, the output of the difference amplifying unit 13 is maintained at a predetermined value.
  • the output voltage of the error amplifying unit 13 corresponds to the duty of the drive signal of the switching element SW1. Therefore, if the reference voltage of the reference power supply 34 is set to an arbitrary voltage value corresponding to, for example, 20 to 80% of the voltage stored in the smoothing capacitor C1, the central duty of the drive signal can be set naturally.
  • the power supply device 30 is configured to include the error amplification output stabilization unit 32 that maintains the average value of the output of the error amplification unit 13 at the reference voltage. For this reason, when there is no change in the state of the input power supply or connected load, the switching element SW1 can be operated at a preset duty or cycle, and a stable and suitable operation can be performed without causing unintentional behavior. A power supply device can be realized.
  • the error amplification output stabilization unit 32 is applied to the power supply device 30 that outputs a stable voltage.
  • the error amplification output stabilization unit 32 may be applied to the device 10.
  • FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram illustrating a configuration example of the ripple reduction filter unit 41 of the power supply device 40 according to the fourth embodiment.
  • the components other than the operation assisting unit 42 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG.
  • the output voltage detection value and the output voltage average value are both “0”, and the output of the error amplifying unit 13 is not fixed, or It may not be confirmed. Therefore, there is a possibility that a drive signal for the switching element SW1 is not emitted from the drive signal generation unit 14 or a drive signal is not issued.
  • the voltage (auxiliary signal) of the reference power supply 34 is supplied to the averaging unit 12 via the diode D40 of the operation assisting unit 42 to charge the capacitor C2, and the apparent output voltage average value is increased, thereby switching first.
  • the element SW1 is operated in an auxiliary manner.
  • the operation auxiliary unit 42 By the auxiliary operation of the operation auxiliary unit 42, it is possible to quickly output a voltage from the ripple reduction filter unit 41 at the time of starting. Thereafter, when the output voltage average value exceeds the voltage obtained by subtracting the voltage drop of the diode D40 from the reference voltage of the reference power supply 34, that is, after a sufficient voltage is output, the operation auxiliary unit 42 stops the auxiliary operation. Then, the operation of the error amplification output stabilization unit 32 is changed.
  • the operation assisting unit 42 is not limited to the configuration using the diode D40 shown in FIG. 10, and may be configured using, for example, a changeover switch.
  • a changeover switch For example, when the switching element SW1 does not operate or there is a possibility that it does not operate, such as at the time of starting, the voltage of the reference power supply 34 is guided to the averaging unit 12 by a changeover switch, and a preset auxiliary Performs switching operation. After a sufficient voltage is output, the reference power source 34 is disconnected from the average unit 12. Thereby, during the operation of the power supply device 40, even if the output voltage drops to an extremely low level, the operation assisting unit 42 does not operate, and a stable output can always be maintained.
  • the error amplifying unit 13 includes the operation assisting unit 42 that provides the auxiliary signal to the error amplifying unit 13 when the switching element SW1 does not operate or may not operate.
  • the auxiliary signal is input from the operation auxiliary unit 42, the auxiliary signal is synthesized by the resistor R33 to the average value obtained by averaging the output voltage detection values detected by the voltage detection resistors R20 and R21 by the resistor R2 and the capacitor C2.
  • the difference between the measured value and the output voltage detection value detected by the voltage detection resistors R20 and R21 is amplified. For this reason, even when the switching element SW1 does not operate or may not operate, a driving signal can be supplementarily issued from the driving signal generation unit 14 to the switching element SW1, and the power source can be started stably.
  • a device can be realized.
  • the operation assisting unit 42 is applied to the power supply device 40 that outputs a stable voltage.
  • the power supply device 10 that outputs a stable current as in the first embodiment described above.
  • the motion assisting unit 42 may be applied.
  • Embodiment 5 FIG.
  • power supply devices 10 to 40 are connected to which a DC power supply whose power supply voltage fluctuates randomly.
  • an AC power supply whose power supply voltage fluctuates sinusoidally is used.
  • a power supply device (AC / DC converter) to be connected is configured.
  • the conventional capacitor input type AC / DC converter 1000 performs full-wave rectification of the alternating current of the alternating current power supply 1b by the rectifying unit 51 including the rectifying diodes D50 to D53, and smoothes and converts the direct current to the direct current by the smoothing capacitor C1. And output to load 2.
  • FIG. 12A is a graph schematically showing the power supply voltage V1b of the AC power supply 1b.
  • FIG. 12B is a graph schematically showing the input voltage Vin, the input current Iin, the output voltage Vout, and the output current Iout after full-wave rectification of the AC / DC converter 1000.
  • 12C is a graph showing a change in waveform when the output current Iout is large and the capacity of the smoothing capacitor C1 is small
  • FIG. 12D is a graph showing a change in waveform when the output current Iout is small and the capacity of the smoothing capacitor C1 is large. It is.
  • the horizontal axis represents time
  • the vertical axis represents voltage or current.
  • FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of the power supply device 50 according to the fifth embodiment.
  • a rectification unit 51 is added to the ripple reduction filter unit 11 as shown in FIG. 1, and an alternating current power supply 1b is connected to the input side to generate direct current from a 50 Hz or 60 Hz sinusoidal alternating current.
  • an AC / DC converter that outputs to the load 2 is configured.
  • the ripple reduction filter unit 11 that feeds back the output current detection value detected by the current detection resistor R1 and outputs a stable current as described in FIG. 1 is used. It is not limited to.
  • the ripple detection filter unit 21 in FIG. 5 the ripple reduction filter unit 31 in FIGS. 7 to 9, or the ripple reduction filter unit 41 in FIG.
  • the output voltage detection value detected by R21 may be fed back to output a stable voltage.
  • FIG. 14 schematically shows the input voltage Vin, the input current Iin, the inter-terminal voltage VC1 of the smoothing capacitor C1, the output current detection value Iout, and the output voltage detection value Vout after full-wave rectification of the power supply device 50.
  • the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents voltage or current.
  • FIG. 15 is a graph showing waveforms of the output of the error amplifying unit 13 (broken line) and the drive signal (solid line) of the switching element SW1, where the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents voltage.
  • FIG. 16 is an enlarged graph of the output current detection value Iout and the output current average value Iave, where the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents current.
  • FIG. 16 shows the output current detection value Iout1 when there is no feedback control of the ripple reduction filter unit 11 with a dotted line.
  • the ripple reduction filter unit 11 increases the duty of the PWM control when the outflow current from the smoothing capacitor C1 is smaller than the output current average value Iave that is the target of the feedback control.
  • the duty of the PWM control is reduced.
  • the switching element SW1 so as to make the output current detection value Iout asymptotically approach the average value Iave of the current output by itself, the output current can be maintained substantially constant regardless of the voltage across the terminals of the smoothing capacitor C1. A stable current with little fluctuation (ripple) can be output.
  • the intermittent of the input current Iin is the same as in FIG.
  • the input current Iin is distorted, the harmonics to be superimposed are large, and the power factor is low.
  • the intermittent operation of the switching element SW1 is set to be shorter than one half of the fluctuation cycle of the AC power source 1b, that is, shorter than one cycle of the waveform (100 Hz or 120 Hz) obtained by full-wave rectification of the AC power source 1b of 50 Hz or 60 Hz. To do.
  • the power supply device 50 is configured to include the rectifying unit 51 between the AC power supply 1b and the smoothing capacitor C1. Thereby, even when the AC power supply 1b is connected, it is possible to realize a power supply device that can obtain the same effects as those of the first embodiment.
  • the rectifying unit 51 illustrated in FIG. 13 is an example, and other configurations may be employed.
  • the drive signal generation unit 14 can perform a good stabilization operation by intermittently driving the switching element SW1 with a cycle that is 1/2 or less of the fluctuation cycle of the AC power supply 1b. And a stable output power supply can be realized.
  • a conventional AC / DC converter 1001 includes a PFC / converter unit 61 including a switching element SW 60, a coil L 60, a rectifying diode D 60, a smoothing capacitor C 1, and a control unit 62 at the subsequent stage of the rectifying unit 51. It has.
  • the PFC / converter unit 61 is configured to intermittently pass the current flowing through the coil L60 by the switching element SW60, and the control unit 62 stores the energy stored in the coil L60 when the control unit 62 turns on the switching element SW60. By discharging when the switching element SW60 is turned off, a voltage higher than the power supply voltage is output.
  • FIG. 18 is a graph schematically showing the input voltage Vin and input current Iin of the PFC converter 61, the output voltage (inter-terminal voltage of the smoothing capacitor C1) VC1 and the output current IC1, and the horizontal axis represents time. The vertical axis represents voltage or current.
  • the control unit 62 controls the duty of the switching element SW60 so that the input current Iin corresponds to the input voltage Vin (so as to be a sine wave).
  • the output voltage VC1 is higher than the input voltage Vin, and the output current IC1 becomes smaller than the input current Iin and stabilizes, but a sinusoidal ripple remains.
  • the ripple of the output voltage VC1 (or output current IC1) depends on the capacity of the smoothing capacitor C1, and decreases as the capacity of the smoothing capacitor C1 increases.
  • FIG. 19 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of a power supply device 60 (AC / DC converter) according to the sixth embodiment.
  • FIG. 20 is a graph showing waveforms of the output of the error amplifying unit 13 (broken line) and the driving signal (solid line) of the switching element SW1, where the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents voltage.
  • the power supply device 60 of FIG. 19 has a configuration in which a PFC / converter unit 61 is added to the power supply device 50 (FIG. 13) of the fifth embodiment. As shown in FIG. 18, a ripple remains in the converted output voltage Vout boosted by the PFC converter 61, but the average value of the voltage output by the ripple reduction filter unit 11 itself as shown in FIG. Therefore, the remaining ripple is reduced and the output voltage is stabilized.
  • FIG. 21 is a circuit diagram showing a modification of the power supply device 60 according to the sixth embodiment.
  • a power supply device 60 of FIG. 21 is an AC / DC converter for constant current output provided with a current FB (feedback) I / F (interface) 63 in the configuration shown in FIG.
  • the current FB I / F 63 acquires the output current detection value detected by the current detection resistor R ⁇ b> 1 and outputs it to the control unit 62.
  • the control unit 62 turns on / off the switching element SW60 so that the output current detection value becomes a constant current value.
  • FIG. 22 is a circuit diagram showing a modification of the power supply device 60 according to the sixth embodiment.
  • the power supply device 60 of FIG. 22 is a constant voltage output AC / DC converter provided with the voltage detection resistors R20 and R21 and the voltage FB I / F 64 in the configuration shown in FIG.
  • the voltage FB I / F 64 acquires the output voltage detection value detected by the voltage detection resistors R20 and R21 and outputs it to the control unit 62.
  • the controller 62 turns on / off the switching element SW60 so that the output voltage detection value becomes a constant voltage value.
  • the ripple reduction filter unit 21 performs current feedback control based on the output current detection value detected by the current detection resistor R1.
  • FIG. 23 is a circuit diagram showing a modification of the power supply device 60 according to the sixth embodiment.
  • 23 is a constant voltage output for an AC power source in which a rectifying unit 51, a PFC / converter unit 61, and a voltage FB I / F 64 are added to the ripple reduction filter unit 21 shown in FIG. AC / DC converter.
  • voltage feedback control based on the output voltage value detected by the voltage detection resistors R20 and R21 is performed.
  • the power supply current is energized in a sine wave form without interruption due to the PFC function of the PFC converter 61, so that the distortion of the power supply current is The harmonics superimposed on the power source are small, and the power factor can be increased.
  • the configuration in which the boost converter is used in the PFC / converter unit 61 is one example, and other configurations may be used. For example, a step-down converter may be used.
  • the power supply device 60 is configured to include the step-up or step-down converter section between the AC power source 1b and the smoothing capacitor C1, so that the step-up or step-down converter is provided.
  • the converter unit and the ripple reduction filter unit can operate independently of each other. Thereby, it is possible to realize a power supply device that outputs a constant voltage or a constant current while feeding back the output state with a simple configuration. Furthermore, a power unit with a high power factor can be realized by the converter unit for boosting or stepping down functioning as a power factor improving unit (PFC).
  • PFC power factor improving unit
  • the control unit 62 is configured to control the PFC / converter unit 61 using the output current detection value detected by the current detection resistor R1.
  • the control unit 62 is configured to control the PFC / converter unit 61 using the output voltage detection value detected by the voltage detection resistors R20 and R21. Therefore, components constituting the circuit can be shared by the ripple reduction filter unit and the PFC / converter unit, and a power supply device having a simple configuration can be realized.
  • the control unit basically performs the operation of feeding back the output state, and does not need to be involved in the operation of the ripple reduction filter unit that stabilizes the output current or the output voltage. A power supply device with a simple configuration can be realized.
  • FIG. 24 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of the power supply device 70 according to the seventh embodiment. The same or corresponding parts as those in FIGS. 1 to 23 are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. 24 has a configuration in which a converter unit 71 is added to the power supply device 10 (FIG. 1) of the first embodiment. Similarly to the PFC / converter unit 61 of the sixth embodiment, the converter unit 71 includes a switching element SW60, a coil L60, a rectifying diode D60, a smoothing capacitor C1, and a control unit 62.
  • FIG. 25 is a graph schematically showing the inter-terminal voltage VC1 of the smoothing capacitor C1 and the output current detection value Iout, where the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents voltage or current.
  • FIG. 26 is a graph showing waveforms of the output of the error amplifying unit 13 (broken line) and the driving signal (solid line) of the switching element SW1, where the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents voltage.
  • the fluctuation (ripple) generated by the converter unit 71 is superimposed on the voltage VC1 between the terminals of the smoothing capacitor C1, but the output current Iout is controlled by the current feedback control of the ripple reduction filter unit 11. Ripple is reduced and output current is stabilized.
  • the ripple reduction filter unit 21 of FIG. 5 the ripple reduction filter unit 31 of FIGS. 7 to 9, or the ripple reduction filter unit 41 of FIG. , R21, the output voltage detection value Vout (shown in FIG. 25) may be fed back for constant voltage control.
  • the power supply device 70 is configured to include a boosting or step-down converter unit between the DC power source 1a and the smoothing capacitor C1.
  • the step-down converter unit and the ripple reduction filter unit can operate independently, and a power supply device that outputs a constant voltage or a constant current with a simple configuration can be realized.
  • the drive signal generation unit 14 performs the intermittent operation of the switching element SW1 in a cycle shorter than the switching cycle of the converter unit 71, so that the ripple reduction filter unit 11 has a good stabilization operation.
  • a stable output power supply device can be realized.
  • FIG. 27 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example in which the power supply device according to the eighth embodiment is used as an LED (Light Emitting Diode) lighting device 80.
  • the same or corresponding parts as in FIGS. 1 to 26 are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
  • the LED unit 2a is connected as the load 2 to the output side of the power supply device 70 shown in FIG. 19, and the power supply device 70 is used as the LED lighting device 80 of constant current output for lighting the LED unit 2a.
  • the LED has a constant voltage characteristic, and a constant current output is suitable.
  • a plurality of LEDs are connected in series to constitute the LED unit 2a, and a part of the LEDs are short-circuited by the short-circuit switch 2b so as to be extinguished. Even if a part of the lit LED unit 2a is short-circuited by the short-circuiting switch 2b and turned off, the output current becomes the average current until immediately before, so that an excessive inrush current does not flow from the smoothing capacitor C1. . Therefore, even if the lighting switch is repeatedly turned on and off by operating the short-circuit switch 2b, no stress is applied to the LED unit 2a, and the lifetime is not impaired.
  • LED was illustrated as a light source in FIG. 27, you may be other semiconductor light sources, such as a laser diode.
  • the power supply device described in the first to seventh embodiments as a light source lighting device for lighting a light source such as an LED, the light source can be configured with a simple configuration.
  • a light source lighting device suitable for lighting can be realized.
  • FIG. 28 is a circuit diagram illustrating a configuration example in which the power supply device according to the ninth embodiment is used as the LED lighting device 90, and the control of the switching element SW1 is replaced from the PWM control to the PFM (Pulse Frequency Modulation) control. It is composed.
  • the same or corresponding parts as in FIGS. 1 to 27 are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
  • an AC power source 1c that performs light control by phase control is used as the power source of the LED lighting device 90, and the LED unit 2a is connected to the output side.
  • This AC power source 1c is conventionally used as a dimming power source for incandescent bulbs including halogen bulbs.
  • a pulsed current having a uniform period is generated from the AC power supply 1c having a waveform broken by the phase control, and the LED unit 2a is turned on.
  • the current detection resistor R1 detects a pulsed output current.
  • the smoothing unit 92 includes a resistor R90 and a capacitor C90 (RC filter), and the time constant thereof is set to a sufficiently long time constant with respect to the repetition period of the pulsed output current.
  • the smoothing unit 92 smoothes the pulsed output current detection value detected by the current detection resistor R1 over a period longer than the repetition period and converts it into a corresponding DC value using the smoothing time constant.
  • the average unit 12 includes a resistor R2 and a capacitor C2 (RC filter), and its time constant is set to a sufficiently long time constant with respect to the alternating cycle of the AC power supply 1c.
  • the averaging unit 12 averages the pulsed output current detection value detected by the current detection resistor R1 over a longer time than the alternating cycle of the power source and converts it into a corresponding DC value using the time constant for averaging. That is, the smoothing unit 92 converts the pulsed output current into a value corresponding to the corresponding DC current, and the averaging unit 12 averages the ripples generated by the alternating AC power supply and corresponds to the corresponding DC. It is to convert to. Therefore, the time constant of the smoothing unit 92 is shorter than the time constant of the average unit 12.
  • the error amplifying unit 13 amplifies the difference between the average value of the pulsed output current averaged by the averaging unit 12 and the smoothed value of the pulsed output current smoothed by the smoothing unit 92.
  • the drive signal generator 93 includes an FF (Flip-Flop) 94, a VOC (Voltage-Controlled Oscillator) 95, and a comparator 96, and generates a drive signal for PFM control of the switching element SW1.
  • the VCO 95 outputs a periodic signal in which a pulsed output current is repeated, and changes the repetition period according to the output of the error amplifying unit 13.
  • the FF 94 outputs a high level signal H to the output terminal Q, and turns on the switching element SW1 via the driver 98.
  • the comparator 96 outputs a reset signal when the detected current value detected by the current detection resistor R1 exceeds the reference voltage of the reference power source 97 for setting the peak current value.
  • the FF 94 outputs a low level signal L to the output terminal Q, and turns off the switching element SW1 via the driver 98.
  • the switching element SW1 When the switching element SW1 is turned on / off according to the drive signal output from the output terminal Q of the FF 94 via the driver 98, a pulse-like current having a peak value equal to the peak current value set by the reference power source 97 is changed to the VCO 95. Is repeatedly output by a periodic signal.
  • the ripple reduction filter unit 91 shortens the period of the pulse current and increases the number of generated pulses per unit time when large power having a long conduction period is input from the AC power supply 1c.
  • the LED unit 2a is lit brightly.
  • the smooth value of the pulsed current having a uniform peak value is made to follow the average value of the pulsed output current by shortening or extending the period of the pulsed current.
  • the AC power having a broken waveform output from the phase control type dimming power supply (AC power supply 1c) is stored in the smoothing capacitor C1, the peak value is kept constant, and the AC power is supplied.
  • LED unit 2a can be lit by a pulse-like current at substantially equal intervals (uniform period) over one period including the timing when the light is not supplied, and the brightness is adjusted according to the power input from the power supply However, the LED unit 2a can be turned on without changing the emission color.
  • the AC power input to the ripple reduction filter unit 91 is generally 50 Hz or 60 Hz. If this AC is full-wave rectified by the rectification unit 51, the AC power source fluctuates at 100 Hz or 120 Hz. Therefore, the time constant of the average unit 12 is set to a sufficiently long value for a period corresponding to 100 Hz or 120 Hz. On the other hand, the repetition period of the pulsed output current is a period corresponding to, for example, about 1 kHz. Therefore, the time constant of the smoothing unit 92 is set to a sufficiently long value for a period corresponding to about 1 kHz. Furthermore, both are set in consideration of making the time constant of the average unit 12 longer than the time constant of the smoothing unit 92 as described above.
  • the time constant of the smoothing unit 92 is about 10 ms
  • the time constant of the averaging unit 12 is about 100 ms
  • the error The time constant of the amplified output stabilizing unit 32 is about 1000 ms.
  • FIG. 29 is a modified example of the ninth embodiment, and shows an LED lighting device 90 that uses a rectangular wave power source 1d as a power source for intermittently (chopping) direct current and performing dimming according to the ON width.
  • This rectangular wave power source 1d is conventionally used as a dimming power source for in-vehicle lighting equipment equipped with a DC power source.
  • a pulse-shaped current having a uniform cycle is generated from the rectangular wave power source 1d, and the LED unit 2a is turned on.
  • a backflow prevention diode D90 is provided between the rectangular wave power source 1d and the smoothing capacitor C1.
  • the smoothing capacitor C1 stores the power input intermittently from the rectangular wave power source 1d, and the ripple reduction filter unit 91 outputs the pulsed current, thereby including the timing when the power is not supplied from the rectangular wave power source 1d.
  • the LED unit 2a can be turned on by a pulse-like current at substantially equal intervals (uniform period) over one period, while adjusting the brightness corresponding to the power supplied from the power source, The LED unit 2a can be lit without change.
  • the rectangular wave power supply 1d of FIG. 31 has a narrow on width of the power supply voltage V1d and the input power is small.
  • the repetition period 99b of FIG. 31 becomes longer, the pulse current average value Vave becomes lower, and the light emission amount of the LED unit 2a decreases.
  • the generation interval of the pulsed output current is narrowed (the repetition cycle is shortened) to light the LED unit 2a brightly.
  • the generation interval is The LED unit 2a can be dimmed and lit darkly by widening (repetition period is slow).
  • the emission color of an LED changes depending on the magnitude of the energization current. Therefore, in the dimming method in which the direct current is applied and the brightness is changed by increasing or decreasing the energization current, the emission color changes.
  • the peak value of the pulsed current supplied to the LED unit 2a is constant. Even if it changes, the luminescent color can be kept uniform, and the quality as a light source is not impaired.
  • a general lighting LED has a lighting current of about 100 to 1500 mA, each LED has a rated current suitable for each, and each emission color is defined by the rated current. Therefore, in order to maintain a suitable emission color, the reference power source 97 for setting the peak current value is set based on the rated current.
  • the LED lighting device 90 is configured to output a pulse-shaped current having a preset peak value by intermittent driving of the switching element SW1, and is detected by the current detection resistor R1.
  • a smoothing unit 92 that smoothes the pulsed output current detection value with a sufficiently long time constant with respect to the repetition period of the pulsed output current, and the pulsed output current detection value detected by the current detection resistor R1
  • the error amplifying unit 13 includes a pulse-like output current smoothed value smoothed by the smoothing unit 92 and a pulse averaged by the averaging unit 12.
  • the drive signal generator 93 performs a PFM operation to change the cycle of the drive signal for intermittently driving the switching element SW1.
  • an operation for bringing the smooth value of the pulsed output current closer to the average value of the pulsed output current is performed. Therefore, it is possible to realize an LED lighting device that can correspond to a dimming AC power source 1c by phase control or a rectangular wave power source 1d for dimming by Duty (chopping) control, and a dimming power source for an incandescent bulb including a halogen bulb It is possible to realize an easy-to-handle LED lighting device that can be used.
  • the LED is turned on by a current pulse having a constant peak value, the emission color does not change even if the light is reduced, so that an LED lighting device with good quality as a light source can be realized.
  • the repetition cycle of the pulsed output current can be made shorter than the fluctuation cycle of the power supply, and an LED lighting device that does not feel flicker due to the fluctuation cycle of the power supply can be realized.
  • FIG. 32 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example in which the power supply device according to Embodiment 10 is used as battery charging device 100.
  • the same or corresponding parts as in FIGS. 1 to 31 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
  • a battery 2 c is connected to a power supply device including a rectifying unit 51, an insulating PFC / converter unit 101, and a ripple reduction filter unit 11, and the power supply device is used as the battery charging device 100.
  • the battery 2c has a constant voltage characteristic, and a power supply device that outputs a constant current is suitable.
  • the battery 2c which is a power source for an electric vehicle, may generate heat due to a large current fluctuation (ripple) even during charging. Therefore, a sine wave-like pulsating flow caused by a commercial AC power supply 1b of 50 Hz or 60 Hz is generated.
  • a commercial AC power supply 1b of 50 Hz or 60 Hz is generated.
  • the ripple reduction filter unit 11 the capacitance of the smoothing capacitor C1 is connected in parallel.
  • the battery charger 100 that can reduce the quantity to be used is suitable for in-vehicle use.
  • the PFC / converter unit 101 is configured using a transformer 102 in order to insulate the primary side from the secondary side.
  • the rectifier 51 converts the power supply voltage into direct current
  • the switching element SW60, the coil L60, and the capacitor C100 convert the direct current voltage into alternating current and inputs it to the transformer 102.
  • the output of the transformer 102 is smoothed with the rectifying diodes D100 to D103. It is the structure converted into direct current by the capacitor C1 for operation.
  • the PFC / converter unit 101 in FIG. 32 is one example, and may have other configurations.
  • the power supply device described in the first to seventh embodiments is used as a battery charging device for charging a battery, so that the capacity of the smoothing capacitor is connected in parallel.
  • the battery charging device suitable for charging the battery can be realized with a simple configuration, the quantity can be reduced.
  • the averaging unit 12, the error amplification unit 13, the drive signal generation units 14, 93, and the like that control and operate the switching element SW1 are configured by analog circuits.
  • a CPU Central Processing Unit
  • the present invention can freely combine each embodiment, modify any component of each embodiment, or omit any component of each embodiment. It is.
  • the power supply device Since the power supply device according to the present invention stabilizes the output by suppressing the influence of fluctuations in the power supply, the power supply device is used for a light source lighting device that lights a light source such as an LED and a battery charging device that charges a battery. Suitable for

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  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'alimentation électrique équipé d'un condensateur de lissage (C1) et d'un élément de commutation (SW1) et d'une bobine (L1) disposés en série, dans lequel une résistance de détection de courant (R1) détecte le courant de sortie et une unité de calcul de moyenne (12) calcule la moyenne du courant de sortie. Une unité d'amplification d'erreur (13) amplifie la différence entre une valeur du courant de sortie et une valeur moyenne du courant. Une unité de génération de signal d'attaque (14) génère à partir de la sortie de l'unité d'amplification d'erreur (13) un signal d'attaque destiné à rendre passant et à bloquer l'élément de commutation (SW1) et délivre en sortie le signal d'attaque à l'élément de commutation (SW1). L'élément de commutation (SW1) permet au courant de circuler de façon intermittente du condensateur de lissage (C1) à la bobine (L1), le courant délivré en sortie par le dispositif d'alimentation électrique suivant ainsi une valeur moyenne de la sortie de courant de celui-ci. Cette configuration permet de délivrer un courant de sortie stable sans utiliser un condensateur de lissage (C1) ayant une grande capacitance.
PCT/JP2014/061998 2014-04-30 2014-04-30 Dispositif d'alimentation électrique, dispositif d'éclairage à source de lumière, et dispositif de charge de batterie WO2015166559A1 (fr)

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PCT/JP2014/061998 WO2015166559A1 (fr) 2014-04-30 2014-04-30 Dispositif d'alimentation électrique, dispositif d'éclairage à source de lumière, et dispositif de charge de batterie

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CN115313856A (zh) * 2022-10-11 2022-11-08 深圳市微源半导体股份有限公司 降压型变压电路及电子设备

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