WO2015146897A1 - 医療用の高分子化合物、及びそれを用いた組成物、機器 - Google Patents
医療用の高分子化合物、及びそれを用いた組成物、機器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015146897A1 WO2015146897A1 PCT/JP2015/058704 JP2015058704W WO2015146897A1 WO 2015146897 A1 WO2015146897 A1 WO 2015146897A1 JP 2015058704 W JP2015058704 W JP 2015058704W WO 2015146897 A1 WO2015146897 A1 WO 2015146897A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F126/00—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen
- C08F126/02—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen by a single or double bond to nitrogen
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/14—Macromolecular materials
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/50—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
- A61L27/54—Biologically active materials, e.g. therapeutic substances
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L29/00—Materials for catheters, medical tubing, cannulae, or endoscopes or for coating catheters
- A61L29/04—Macromolecular materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L29/00—Materials for catheters, medical tubing, cannulae, or endoscopes or for coating catheters
- A61L29/14—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. lubricating compositions
- A61L29/16—Biologically active materials, e.g. therapeutic substances
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
- A61L31/04—Macromolecular materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
- A61L31/04—Macromolecular materials
- A61L31/048—Macromolecular materials obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
- A61L31/14—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
- A61L31/16—Biologically active materials, e.g. therapeutic substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F26/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen
- C08F26/02—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen by a single or double bond to nitrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09D133/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing halogen, nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen atoms in addition to the carboxy oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D133/24—Homopolymers or copolymers of amides or imides
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polymer compound suitable for medical use that is used in contact with tissue or blood in vivo, a composition using the same, and a medical device.
- a biological component such as blood comes into contact with a medical material surface or the like
- the material surface is recognized as a foreign substance, and nonspecific adsorption, multilayer adsorption, or the like of proteins or the like in the biological tissue may occur on the material surface.
- the adsorbed biological components can be denatured.
- activation of the coagulation system, complement system, platelet system and the like occurs.
- medical devices such as artificial lung devices, dialysis devices, blood storage bags, platelet storage bags, blood circuits, artificial hearts, indwelling needles, catheters, guide wires, stents, artificial blood vessels, endoscopes, blood, etc. It is desired that the portion that contacts the biological material has excellent biocompatibility.
- a blood filter used in the field of blood transfusion has a problem that a side effect that is considered to be based on activation of a coagulation system or a complement system occurs during blood filtration.
- the production of bradykinin which is a representative example of the activation of the coagulation system and the complement system, is triggered by contact activities such as adsorption of coagulation factor XII, which is a plasma protein, and denaturation on the blood filter surface. It has been known.
- the blood filter surface can be given biocompatibility that can suppress damage to blood components such as adsorption of plasma proteins to the blood filter surface during blood filtration, blood activation (coagulation system, complement system) It is thought that side effects at the time of blood transfusion can be reduced.
- Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 medical materials containing 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) or polyvinyl alcohol as main components have been known as medical materials with less adhesion of blood components when in contact with blood.
- HEMA 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate
- PMEA poly (2-methoxyethyl acrylate
- Non-Patent Documents 3 and 4 focusing on the fact that water-soluble polyethylene glycol (poly (PEG), PEG) (Non-Patent Documents 3 and 4) has high biocompatibility, the surface of a medical material is modified with a PEG chain, etc. Processing is in progress.
- FIG. 1 shows a differential scanning calorimeter that shows the endothermic amount observed when a sample containing 9 wt% water in PMEA is cooled to ⁇ 100 ° C. and then heated at a rate of 2.5 ° C./min. The result measured by DSC) is shown.
- a predetermined heat generation occurs in a specific temperature range of 0 ° C. or lower (around ⁇ 40 ° C. in FIG. 1).
- endotherm is observed in a wide temperature range from around ⁇ 10 ° C. to 0 ° C.
- intermediate water is a biologically derived biocompatible material, such as biologically derived polysaccharides such as hyaluronic acid, heparin, gelatin, proteins such as albumin, nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA, and artificially synthesized materials. It is becoming clear that it is contained in substances having excellent biocompatibility, such as being contained in PEG. Thus, “intermediate water” is considered to be closely related to the development of biocompatibility in substances. The reason why “intermediate water” is generated in the substance is not clear, but it is the result of the interaction between the polymer chain with high molecular mobility in the substance and the water molecule with a specific intermolecular force. It is thought that there is. In biocompatible materials, the presence of intermediate water between the surface of the material and the hydration shell of the biological component prevents the direct contact between the two and suppresses foreign body reaction. .
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is that it can be expected to suppress the activation of the coagulation system, the complement system, or the platelet system when it comes into contact with in vivo tissues and / or blood by being able to contain intermediate water. It is to provide molecular compounds, and to provide compositions and equipment using them.
- a polymer compound comprising a repeating unit represented by the general formula (A), which is used in contact with in vivo tissues and / or blood, and which contains water at a predetermined moisture content.
- a polymer compound characterized by having a temperature range in which endotherm occurs in a range of less than ° C.
- R represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- R represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- a composition comprising the polymer compound according to either (1) or (2) above.
- a medical device having the composition according to (3) above on at least a part of its surface.
- the polymer compound of the present invention can contain intermediate water, and is expected to suppress the activation of the coagulation system, complement system, platelet system, etc. when it comes into contact with in vivo tissues and / or blood.
- an artificial kidney membrane, a plasma separation membrane, a catheter, an artificial lung membrane, an endoscope, an in vivo tissue or protein extraction filter, an artificial blood vessel, an artificial organ, or the like in vivo Compositions that are extremely useful as compositions for use in medical devices used in contact with tissue and / or blood are provided.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a DSC temperature rise curve measured using a first sample of poly ( ⁇ -acetamidoacrylic acid).
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a DSC temperature rise curve measured using a second sample of poly ( ⁇ -acetamidoacrylic acid). It is the graph which showed the quantity of the intermediate water etc. which are contained in the sample of an Example. It is the graph which showed the ratio of the intermediate water etc. which are contained in the sample of an Example.
- the polymer compound according to the present invention is a polymer compound represented by the general formula (A), which includes a repeating unit having R in the formula (A) mainly having an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. What are called ⁇ -alkylamidoacrylic acid polymers, and analogs thereof.
- the group of polymers is characterized by having an electron-withdrawing group and an electron-donating group on the same carbon, and is used for hair care products and toiletry products by utilizing water absorption and heat sensitivity. It is what is used for.
- the water is unexpectedly water-containing.
- the present invention is based on the finding that intermediate water is produced, and provides the use of the group of polymers in contact with in vivo tissues and / or blood according to the present invention.
- the surface of the medical device in the present invention refers to the surface of the material constituting the medical device that comes into contact with blood when the medical device is used, and the surface portion such as a hole in the material.
- “used in contact with in vivo tissue and / or blood” means skin (including epidermis and dermis) and eyes (cornea) which are inside and outside the living body. It is meant to include forms used in contact.
- “used in contact with living tissue and / or blood” means a form used in contact with the tissue and / or blood in a state of being placed in the living body, in a state where the living tissue is exposed, Naturally, it includes forms used in contact with blood, which is an in vivo component taken out of the body in extracorporeal circulation medical materials.
- R is a branched or straight chain hydrocarbon group, for example, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, A cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an allyl group, and the like, which may be substituted with halogen, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur or the like.
- the carbon number of R is 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 10, more preferably 1 to 4, particularly 1 to 3.
- a polymer containing one or more ⁇ -alkylamidoacrylic acid monomers having R as an alkyl group is preferable.
- ⁇ -alkylamidoacrylic acid monomer depending on the structure of R, for example, ⁇ -acetamidoacrylic acid, ⁇ -propylamidoacrylic acid, ⁇ -butylamidoacrylic acid, ⁇ -isobutyrylamidoacrylic acid, ⁇ -pivalo Ilamidoacrylic acid, ⁇ -octylamide acrylic acid, ⁇ -decanoylamide acrylic acid, ⁇ -laurylamide acrylic acid, ⁇ -stearylamide acrylic acid and the like can be mentioned.
- ⁇ -acetamidoacrylic acid, ⁇ -propylamidoacrylic acid, ⁇ -butylamidoacrylic acid, and ⁇ -isobutyrylamidoacrylic acid are preferred from the viewpoints of economy, operability, and hydrophilicity. Furthermore, ⁇ -acetamidoacrylic acid and ⁇ -propylamidoacrylic acid are more preferable.
- the polymer compound in the present invention can also be obtained as a copolymer of the above-mentioned ⁇ -alkylamidoacrylic acid monomer and another monomer.
- other monomers that can be copolymerized with an ⁇ -alkylamidoacrylic acid monomer include alkyl acrylamides such as acrylamide, t-butyl acrylamide, n-butyl acrylamide, i-butyl acrylamide, hexyl acrylamide, heptyl acrylamide; N 2, N Dialkyl acrylamides such as dimethylacrylamide, N 2, N-diethylacrylamide; aminoalkyl acrylates such as aminomethyl acrylate, aminoethyl acrylate, aminoisopropyl acrylate; diaminoalkyl acrylates such as diaminomethyl acrylate, diaminoethyl acrylate, diaminobutyl acrylate; Amide; N, N-dimethylmeth
- the monomer that gives the repeating unit represented by formula (A) is preferably about 30% by weight or more, and more preferably 50% by weight or more, based on the weight of all monomers in the copolymer.
- any form of a random copolymer, a block copolymer, and a graft copolymer may be used.
- the polymer compound according to the present invention When the polymer compound according to the present invention is used as a surface treatment agent for medical devices, only the polymer compound of the present invention may be used, and the composition does not impair the performance of the intermediate water in the polymer compound. It can also be used as a composition by mixing other polymer compounds and the like in a ratio.
- the number average molecular weight of the polymer compound according to the present invention can be preferably 10,000 to 500,000, more preferably 30,000 to 100,000.
- the medical device when the polymer compound according to the present invention is applied to a medical device that is used in contact with tissue and / or blood in a living body, the medical device may be composed of the polymer compound according to the present invention. Only the surface portion of the medical device that comes into contact with the in vivo tissue and / or blood may be constituted by the polymer compound according to the above. This is because the surface structure of the material is closely related to biocompatibility.
- the material and shape of the substrate coated with the polymer compound according to the present invention are not particularly limited, and for example, any of a porous body, fiber, nonwoven fabric, particle, film, sheet, tube, hollow fiber, powder, etc. But it ’s okay.
- the materials include natural polymers such as Kinishiki and hemp, nylon, polyester, polyacrylonitrile, polyolefin, halogenated polyolefin, polyurethane, polyamide, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, poly (meth) acrylate, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer , Synthetic polymers such as butadiene-polyacrylonitrile copolymer, and mixtures thereof.
- a metal, ceramics, those composite materials, etc. can be illustrated and you may comprise from several base material.
- composition containing the polymer compound according to the present invention can be used for medical devices that are used in contact with in vivo tissues and / or blood.
- the composition containing the polymer compound according to the present invention includes an implantable prosthesis or treatment instrument, an extracorporeal circulation prosthesis, and catheters (eg, an angiographic catheter, guide wire, PTCA).
- In vivo tissue and / or blood of medical devices such as circulatory catheters such as catheters, gastrointestinal catheters, gastrointestinal catheters, gastrointestinal catheters such as esophageal tubes, urological catheters such as tubes, urinary catheters and urinary catheters) It is used on at least a part of the surface in contact with the surface, and preferably used in almost the entire region of the surface in contact with the tissue or blood in the living body.
- These medical devices may be further provided with surface lubricity because they are easily inserted into blood vessels and tissues and do not damage the tissues.
- surface lubricity a method in which a water-soluble polymer is insolubilized to form a water-absorbing gel layer on the material surface is excellent. According to this method, a material surface having both biocompatibility and surface lubricity can be provided.
- a composition comprising as a main component a polymer compound according to the present invention includes a hemostatic agent, a biological tissue adhesive, a tissue regeneration repair material, a drug sustained release carrier, a hybrid artificial organ such as an artificial pancreas and an artificial liver, You may use for the artificial blood vessel, the embolic material, the matrix material for the scaffold for cell culture, etc.
- the polymer compound of the present invention itself is a material excellent in blood compatibility, but can further carry various physiologically active substances. Therefore, the polymer compound of the present invention is not only a blood filter, but also various medical devices such as blood storage containers, blood circuits, indwelling needles, catheters, guide wires, stents, artificial lung devices, dialysis devices, and endoscopes. Can be used.
- a blood filter in which the polymer compound of the present invention is coated on at least a part of the substrate surface constituting the blood filter.
- a blood bag in which the polymer is coated on at least a part of a blood bag and a surface of a tube communicating with the blood bag in contact with blood.
- blood in an extracorporeal circulation blood circuit composed of an instrument side blood circuit unit composed of a tube, an arterial filter, a centrifugal pump, a hemoconcentrator, a cardio pregear, etc., and an operative field side blood circuit unit composed of a tube, catheter, soccer, etc.
- an extracorporeal circulation blood circuit in which at least a part of a surface in contact with the body is coated with the polymer.
- an indwelling needle assembly in which at least a part of the surface in contact with blood is coated with the polymer compound of the present invention.
- Such an indwelling needle assembly includes an inner needle having a sharp needle tip, an inner needle hub installed on the proximal end side of the inner needle, a hollow outer needle into which the inner needle can be inserted, An outer needle hub installed on the proximal end side of the outer needle, a protector mounted on the inner needle and movable in the axial direction of the inner needle, and a connecting means for connecting the outer needle hub and the protector And.
- a catheter in which at least a part of the surface of the catheter that is composed of an elongated tube and an adapter connected to the proximal end (hand side) ridge of the catheter is coated with the polymer compound of the present invention.
- a guide wire in which at least a part of the surface of the guide wire that contacts blood is coated with the polymer compound of the present invention.
- various shapes such as hollow tubes made of metal materials or polymer materials with pores on the sides, metal material wires, or polymer material fibers knitted into a cylindrical shape.
- a stent in which at least a part of the surface of the stent that contacts blood is coated with the polymer compound of the present invention.
- an artificial lung coated with the polymer compound of the present invention there is also an example of an artificial lung coated with the polymer compound of the present invention.
- an artificial lung for example, a large number of porous hollow fiber membranes for gas exchange are housed in a housing, blood flows on the outer surface side of the hollow fiber membrane, and oxygen-containing gas flows inside the hollow fiber membrane.
- the outer surface or outer surface layer of the hollow fiber membrane of the hollow blood membrane external blood perfusion type artificial lung is coated with the polymer compound of the present invention.
- a dialysis apparatus in which at least a part of the surface in contact with blood is coated with the polymer compound of the present invention.
- a dialysis machine is, for example, a dialysate circuit including at least one dialysate container filled with dialysate, and at least one drainage container for collecting dialysate, and the dialysate container as a starting point.
- a dialysis machine includes a surface in contact with blood because it has a liquid feeding means for feeding dialysate from the drainage container as an end point.
- the polymerization reaction for producing the polymer compound of the present invention is not particularly limited, and the polymerization is carried out by a known method such as radical polymerization, ionic polymerization, photopolymerization, or polymerization using a macromer.
- a macromer refers to the oligomer which has a polymerizable functional group, especially a double bond at the terminal.
- a known method such as a coating method, a graft polymerization by radiation, electron beam or ultraviolet ray, a method of introducing by utilizing a chemical reaction with a functional group of a substrate, etc.
- a method is mentioned.
- the coating method is particularly preferable in practical use since the manufacturing operation is easy.
- coating methods, spraying methods, dipping methods and the like as coating methods, and any of them can be applied without any particular limitation.
- the film thickness is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m to 1 mm.
- the coating treatment by the coating method of the polymer compound of the present invention is such that the filter medium is immersed in a coating solution in which the polymer compound of the present invention is dissolved in an appropriate solvent, and then the excess solution is removed and then air-dried. It can be implemented with a simple operation.
- heat can be applied to the filter medium after coating to further improve the adhesion.
- a crosslinkable monomer may be introduced as a comonomer component. Further, the monomer may be cross-linked by electron beam, ⁇ ray or light irradiation.
- crosslinkable monomer examples include vinyl groups or allyl groups such as methylene bisacrylamide, trimethylolpropane di (meth) acrylate, triallyl isocyanurate, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, and the like.
- vinyl groups or allyl groups such as methylene bisacrylamide, trimethylolpropane di (meth) acrylate, triallyl isocyanurate, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, and the like.
- polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate is exemplified. Among these, it is preferable to introduce various functional groups using polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate.
- the introduction rate of the compound having a functional group is high, and furthermore, non-specific adsorption of cells and proteins other than the intended purpose can be suppressed by introducing a polyethylene glycol chain to make it hydrophilic.
- the molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol chain is preferably 100 to 10,000, and more preferably 500 to 6,000.
- a polymer compound or the like can contain intermediate water by a process in which a polymer compound or the like containing water at a predetermined ratio is cooled to a sufficiently low temperature relatively quickly and then heated to about room temperature or higher. It can be confirmed by measuring the exothermic and endothermic conditions of the polymer compound and the like. That is, a sample to be verified whether or not it can contain intermediate water, which has been hydrated at various water contents, generally has a cooling rate of about 1 to 10 ° C./min to about ⁇ 100 ° C. In the process of heating to about 50 ° C. at a rate of temperature increase of about 5.0 ° C./min, preferably within the range of about ⁇ 80 ° C. to ⁇ 25 ° C.
- a temperature range in which heat generation occurs within a range of about ⁇ 70 ° C. to ⁇ 40 ° C. is observed, and a range of about ⁇ 25 ° C. to less than 0 ° C., particularly, a range of about ⁇ 20 ° C. to ⁇ 5 ° C.
- intermediate water exists in the sample in which the temperature range in which endotherm is generated is confirmed.
- the heat generation around ⁇ 80 ° C. to ⁇ 25 ° C. is caused by the regularization of water molecules
- the endotherm around ⁇ 25 ° C. to 0 ° C. is an irregularity of water molecules. It is thought to be caused by the conversion.
- a polymer compound having a water content in which “intermediate water” is present can be used well even if it is a polymer compound in which “intermediate water” may not be present at other water content. be able to.
- the water content of the polymer compound of the present invention is preferably higher than 32 wt%, more preferably 40 wt% or more, and particularly preferably 40 to 60 wt%.
- the endothermic heat generation amount of the above-mentioned sample is generally measured by a differential scanning calorimeter.
- the obtained DMF solution of poly ( ⁇ -acetamidoacrylic acid) was reprecipitated in 1 L of acetone and washed three times with acetone to obtain 28.5 g of poly ( ⁇ -acetamidoacrylic acid) as a white solid (yield). Rate 95%).
- FIG. 2 shows DSC temperature rise curves of poly ( ⁇ -acetamidoacrylic acid) containing water at each water content.
- 3 and 4 show DSC temperature rise curves when the moisture content is 44.8 wt% and 45.6 wt%, respectively.
- FIG. 2 shows DSC temperature rise curves of poly ( ⁇ -acetamidoacrylic acid) containing water at each water content.
- 3 and 4 show DSC temperature rise curves when the moisture content is 44.8 wt% and 45.6 wt%, respectively.
- no significant endothermic heat was observed during the process of heating from ⁇ 100 ° C. to 50 ° C. This is because, within this moisture content range, all of the water molecules contained lose their freedom due to interaction with the poly ( ⁇ -acetamidoacrylic acid) molecules, so-called “antifreeze water”.
- water molecules exhibiting such behavior do not become antifreeze water while containing water in poly ( ⁇ -acetamidoacrylic acid), but are influenced by poly ( ⁇ -acetamidoacrylic acid) molecules in some way. Therefore, water molecules that do not behave as free water are considered to be called intermediate water in distinction from both.
- FIG. 2 in the sample having a water content of about 60 wt% or more, there is no endotherm caused by melting near 0 ° C. by free water that is not restricted by poly ( ⁇ -acetamidoacrylic acid) molecules. Remarkable and relatively less exothermic between ⁇ 70 ° C. and ⁇ 40 ° C., but endotherm is observed between ⁇ 20 ° C. and 0 ° C. It is guessed. From the above, the water content of the polymer compound of the present invention is preferably higher than 32 wt%, more preferably 40 wt% or more, and particularly preferably 40 to 60 wt%.
- poly ( ⁇ -acetamidoacrylic acid) containing water of 32 wt% or more, particularly about 40 wt% or more some of the water molecules contained in water are ordered and reduced in a temperature range of 0 ° C. or less. Observation of the entry and exit of latent heat due to the occurrence of disordering indicated that poly ( ⁇ -acetamidoacrylic acid) can contain intermediate water.
- FIG. 6 shows the ratio of each water to the total amount of antifreeze water, free water, and intermediate water contained in the poly ( ⁇ -acetamidoacrylic acid) sample shown in FIG.
- poly ( ⁇ -acetamidoacrylic acid) As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, in poly ( ⁇ -acetamidoacrylic acid), almost all of the water contained in the water content is about 30 wt% or less, while antifreeze water is used. Even when water is added, the amount of water contained as antifreeze water is almost constant and the amount of water contained as intermediate water increases (about 60 wt%). It is thought that water content is generated.
- poly ( ⁇ -acetamidoacrylic acid) which is an ⁇ -alkylamidoacrylic acid polymer
- a portion of the water molecules contained in the water becomes intermediate water by containing water in a predetermined ratio or more.
- the polymer compound of the present invention such as poly ( ⁇ -acetamidoacrylic acid) that can contain intermediate water, or a composition thereof into at least a part of the surface of the medical device
- the medical device Since intermediate water exists between the surface of the water and the hydration shell of the biological component, contact between the two can be prevented. For this reason, about the high molecular compound of this invention, the foreign body reaction of a biological body can be suppressed and it is anticipated to show biocompatibility.
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Abstract
Description
物質内に「中間水」が生成される理由は明らかでないが、物質内の高い分子運動性を有する高分子鎖と、水分子とが特定の分子間力で相互作用を生じる結果として生じるものであると考えられている。そして、生体適合性材料においては、材料表面と生体成分の水和殻の間に中間水が存在することで両者が直接触れることが阻害され、生体の異物反応が抑制されると考えられている。
本発明の解決しようとする課題は、中間水を含有可能であることにより、生体内組織および/または血液に接触した際に凝固系、補体系、または血小板系の活性化の抑制が期待できる高分子化合物の提供、およびそれを使用した組成物および機器を提供することである。
(1)一般式(A)で表される繰返し単位を含み、生体内組織および/または血液に接して使用される高分子化合物であって、所定の含水率で含水させた前記高分子化合物を-100℃まで冷却した後に昇温速度5.0℃/分で加熱する過程において、-80℃以上、-25℃以下の範囲に発熱を生じる温度域が存在すると共に、-25℃以上、0℃未満の範囲に吸熱を生じる温度域が存在することを特徴とする高分子化合物。
(2)上記一般式(A)で表される繰返し単位において、Rが炭素数1~3のアルキル基である上記(1)に記載の高分子化合物。
(3)上記(1)または(2)のいずれかに記載の高分子化合物を含む組成物。
(4)上記(3)に記載の組成物を表面の少なくとも一部に有する医療機器。
本発明に係る高分子化合物は、一般式(A)で表され、式(A)中のRを主に炭素数1~20のアルキル基とする繰返し単位を含む高分子化合物であって、いわゆるα-アルキルアミドアクリル酸ポリマーと呼ばれるもの、およびその類似体である。当該一群のポリマーは、同一炭素上に電子吸引性基と電子供与性基を有していることを特長とし、従来より吸水性や感熱性を有することを利用してヘアケア製品やトイレタリー製品の用途に使用されているものである。
これらの他のモノマーは、得られる高分子化合物の中間水の含有性能が損なわれない程度の組成比で使用される。その共重合体中の全モノマーの重量に対して、一般式(A)で示される繰返し単位を与えるモノマーは約30重量%以上であることが好ましく、50重量%以上であることがさらに好ましい。本発明に係る高分子化合物を共重合体として得る場合には、ランダム共重合体、ブロック共重合体、グラフト共重合体のいずれの形態であっても良い。
本発明に係る高分子化合物の数平均分子量は、好ましくは10,000~500,000、さらに好ましくは30,000~100,000 とすることができる。
以上のように、中間水を含有可能である本発明の高分子化合物、又は、その組成物を、医療用具の血液と接触する表面の少なくとも一部に導入することにより、凝固系、補体系、血小板系の活性化を抑制することが可能であり、優れた生体親和性を発現することが期待される。
中間水を含有可能な高分子化合物等においても、一般には「不凍水」や「自由水」が含有可能である。つまり、乾燥した高分子化合物等に微量の水を含水させた場合には、当該水は周辺の分子に拘束されて「不凍水」となり、冷却や加熱の過程において水分子に起因する発熱や吸熱を生じない。これに対して、中間水を含有可能な高分子化合物等において、「不凍水」となり得る割合以上の水を含水させた場合に中間水としての水分子が高分子化合物等の内部に生じると考えられ、上記のように特異な温度履歴を生じるものと考えられている。また、更に過剰の割合で水を含水させた場合には、周辺の分子からの拘束を受けず、0℃においてのみ発熱(冷却時)や吸熱(加熱時)を生じる「自由水」を生じるものと考えられる。
一般的に、高分子化合物等の種類に応じて含有可能な「不凍水」、「中間水」、「自由水」の量が決定されるが、特に過剰な「自由水」が存在することで「中間水」の割合が減少するなどの現象も観察される。本発明においては、「中間水」が存在する含水率が存在する高分子化合物であれば、その他の含水率において「中間水」が存在しない場合のある高分子化合物であっても良好に使用することができる。
詳細を後述するように、本発明の高分子化合物の含水率は、32wt%よりも高いことが好ましく、40wt%以上であることがより好ましく、40~60wt%であることが特に好ましい。
1.α-アセトアミドアクリル酸の合成
攪拌装置、温度計、ジムロート冷却管、検水管を取り付けた四つ口フラスコに、ピルビン酸(キシダ化学(株)製)198.2g、アセトアミド(キシダ化学(株)製)66.5g、トルエン1.5Lを仕込み、加熱還流させた。6時間還流後、室温まで冷却した。析出した固体をろ集し、トルエンで3回洗浄し、下記式(B)のα-アセトアミドアクリル酸の淡黄色固体を110.9g得た(収率67%)。
攪拌装置、温度計、ジムロート冷却管、窒素導入管を取り付けた四つ口フラスコに、上記で合成したα-アセトアミドアクリル酸30.0g、2,2-アゾビスイソブチロニトリル1.9g、ジメチルホルムアミド(DMF)130mLを仕込み、60℃まで加熱した。60℃で20時間攪拌後、室温まで冷却した。得られたポリ(α-アセトアミドアクリル酸)のDMF溶液を、アセトン1Lに再沈殿させ、アセトンにて3回洗浄し、ポリ(α-アセトアミドアクリル酸)の白色固体を28.5g得た(収率95%)。
得られたポリ(α-アセトアミドアクリル酸)の構造を、1H-NMR(分光計:JEOL製AL-400、測定周波数:400MHz、測定溶媒:DMSO-d6、内部標準:テトラメチルシラン(δ=0ppm))で確認したところ、δ=2.79ppm,2H(CH2),1.85ppm,3H(CH3CO)の結果を得た。また、IR((株)島津製作所製IR-Prestige-21、ATR法)により、2916,1650,1510,1386cm-1の各波数に吸収が見られた。さらに、GPC(測定装置:HLC-8220GPC、検出器:示差屈折率、カラム:shodex OHpak SB-803 HQ、溶離液:0.1M NaCl水溶液)による分子量分析から、重量平均分子量が39,000のポリ(α-アセトアミドアクリル酸)を得たことを確認した。
上記で作製したポリ(α-アセトアミドアクリル酸)の複数の試料について、それぞれ水中へ浸漬することによりそれぞれ異なる量の水を含水させた。含水後の各試料の所定量を取り、あらかじめ重量を測定したアルミパンの底に薄く広げた。示差走査熱量計(DSC-7000, セイコー社製) を用いて、室温から-100℃まで冷却速度5.0℃/min.で冷却し、ついで10分間保持した後、昇温速度5.0℃/min.の速度で-100℃から50℃まで加熱し、その過程でのDSC昇温カーブを取得し、吸発熱量の測定を行った。
また、各試料について、DSC測定後にアルミパンにピンホールをあけて真空乾燥させ、乾燥前後の重量を測定して含水量を求めた。また、各試料の含水率(WC)は、以下の式(I)で求めた。WC =((W1-W0)/ W1)×100(I)WC :含水率(wt%)、W0:試料の乾燥重量(g)、W1:試料の含水重量(g))
図2に、各含水率で含水させたポリ(α-アセトアミドアクリル酸)のDSC昇温カーブを示す。また、図3,4には、それぞれ含水率が44.8重量%、45.6重量%である場合のDSC昇温カーブを示す。図2から明らかなように、含水率が32wt%以下の試料においては、-100℃から50℃まで加熱する過程で、顕著な吸発熱は観察されなかった。これは、この含水率の範囲では、含水された水分子の全てがポリ(α-アセトアミドアクリル酸)分子との相互作用により自由度を失い、いわゆる「不凍水」と呼ばれる状態になっており、凝固や融解といった現象を生じないためと考えられる。
一方、含水率が40~60wt%程度の試料においては、-70℃~-40℃の付近に明らかな発熱が見られると共に、-20℃~0℃の付近で吸熱を生じることが観察された。この-70℃~-40℃の付近での発熱と-20℃~0℃の付近での吸熱は、従来知られる中間水を含有するポリマーにおいても観察されるものであり、含水された水分子の一部がそれぞれの温度域において規則化および不規則化を生じる際の潜熱の移動であると考えられる。つまり、このような挙動を示す水分子は、ポリ(α-アセトアミドアクリル酸)に含水されつつも不凍水とはならず、その一方でポリ(α-アセトアミドアクリル酸)分子から何らかの影響を受けることで自由水として挙動しない水分子であって、その両者と区別して中間水と称されるものであると考えられる。
また、図2に示すように、含水率が60wt%程度以上である試料においては、ポリ(α-アセトアミドアクリル酸)分子の拘束を受けない自由水による0℃付近での融解に起因する吸熱が顕著になり、相対的に-70℃~-40℃の間での発熱が観察されにくくなるが、-20℃~0℃の間での吸熱が観察されるなど、依然として中間水が存在するものと推察される。
以上より、本発明の高分子化合物の含水率は、好ましくは32wt%よりも高く、より好ましくは40wt%以上であり、特に好ましくは40~60wt%である。
図5,6に示されるように、ポリ(α-アセトアミドアクリル酸)においては、含水率が30wt%程度以下の範囲では含水された水のほぼ全量が不凍水になる一方で、それ以上の含水を行った場合にも不凍水として含水される量はほぼ一定の状態で中間水として含水される量が増加し(~60wt%程度)、更に含水を行った場合には自由水としての含水が生じると考えられる。
以上のように、α-アルキルアミドアクリル酸ポリマーであるポリ(α-アセトアミドアクリル酸)においては、所定の割合以上の含水を行うことにより、含水された水分子の一部が中間水となることが明らかにされた。このように、中間水を含有可能であるポリ(α-アセトアミドアクリル酸)等の本発明の高分子化合物、又は、その組成物を医療用具の表面の少なくとも一部に導入することにより、医療用具の表面と生体成分の水和殻との間に中間水が存在するため、両者の接触を防止できる。このため、本発明の高分子化合物等については、生体の異物反応が抑制可能であり、生体適合性を示すことが期待される。
Claims (4)
- 一般式(A)で表される繰返し単位において、Rが炭素数1~3のアルキル基であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の高分子化合物。
- 請求項1または請求項2のいずれか一項に記載の高分子化合物を含むことを特徴とする組成物。
- 請求項3に記載の組成物を表面の少なくとも一部に有することを特徴とする医療機器。
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PCT/JP2015/058704 WO2015146897A1 (ja) | 2014-03-25 | 2015-03-23 | 医療用の高分子化合物、及びそれを用いた組成物、機器 |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US2626944A (en) * | 1949-12-09 | 1953-01-27 | Eastman Kodak Co | alpha-acylamido acrylic acids |
JPS4879782A (ja) * | 1972-01-29 | 1973-10-25 | ||
JP2001064472A (ja) * | 1999-09-01 | 2001-03-13 | Showa Denko Kk | ホウ酸含有ゲル体 |
JP2007126490A (ja) * | 2005-11-01 | 2007-05-24 | Univ Of Tokushima | アミド基含有高分子化合物およびその製造方法 |
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JP4404468B2 (ja) * | 2000-09-29 | 2010-01-27 | テルモ株式会社 | 血液フィルターおよびその製造方法 |
JP6195335B2 (ja) * | 2012-09-04 | 2017-09-13 | 国立大学法人山形大学 | 高分子化合物、及びそれを用いた組成物、医療機器 |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US2626944A (en) * | 1949-12-09 | 1953-01-27 | Eastman Kodak Co | alpha-acylamido acrylic acids |
JPS4879782A (ja) * | 1972-01-29 | 1973-10-25 | ||
JP2001064472A (ja) * | 1999-09-01 | 2001-03-13 | Showa Denko Kk | ホウ酸含有ゲル体 |
JP2007126490A (ja) * | 2005-11-01 | 2007-05-24 | Univ Of Tokushima | アミド基含有高分子化合物およびその製造方法 |
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