WO2015145928A1 - 製造方法、加工装置及びドリル - Google Patents

製造方法、加工装置及びドリル Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015145928A1
WO2015145928A1 PCT/JP2015/000346 JP2015000346W WO2015145928A1 WO 2015145928 A1 WO2015145928 A1 WO 2015145928A1 JP 2015000346 W JP2015000346 W JP 2015000346W WO 2015145928 A1 WO2015145928 A1 WO 2015145928A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
drill
hole
tip
axial direction
relative position
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2015/000346
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
平澤　洋一
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hirata Corp
Original Assignee
Hirata Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hirata Corp filed Critical Hirata Corp
Priority to CN201580014980.3A priority Critical patent/CN106232274B/zh
Publication of WO2015145928A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015145928A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B35/00—Methods for boring or drilling, or for working essentially requiring the use of boring or drilling machines; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
    • B23B51/009—Stepped drills
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
    • B23B51/10—Bits for countersinking
    • B23B51/108—Bits for countersinking having a centering drill
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2260/00—Details of constructional elements
    • B23B2260/004—Adjustable elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a technique for forming a hole in a workpiece.
  • Patent Documents 1 to 3 have been proposed as a method of machining holes having different diameters into a workpiece.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a method of machining a stepped hole using a plurality of types of stepped drills.
  • Patent Documents 2 and 3 disclose a method of machining a hole with a drill having a plurality of blades having different diameters.
  • Patent Document 1 Since the method of Patent Document 1 requires exchanging a drill, the processing time may be long. Since the methods of Patent Documents 2 and 3 are drills in which a plurality of blades having different diameters are integrally formed, if the depth of the hole is different, recombination of the drill is required, and the drill must also be replaced. It becomes.
  • An object of the present invention is to manufacture a holed part without exchanging a drill when machining holes having different diameters.
  • the manufacturing method which manufactures components with a hole by forming two types of holes with a cutting tool with respect to a workpiece
  • work Comprising:
  • the said cutting tool is the 1st which forms a 1st hole.
  • a second drill that forms a second hole having a diameter larger than that of the first hole, and the second drill is provided coaxially around the first drill.
  • the first drill and the second drill are slidable in the axial direction so that their relative positions change, and the manufacturing method includes the first drill and the second drill. With the relative position with respect to the drill adjusted to the first relative position where the tip of the first drill protrudes from the tip of the second drill, the first hole is formed in the workpiece by the first drill.
  • a phase of the first drill and the second drill The position of the first drill from the tip of the second drill is compared with the position of the first drill when the tip of the first drill is housed in the second drill or compared to the first relative position.
  • a second machining step for forming the second hole in the workpiece by the drill of (2).
  • the cutting tool includes a first drill for forming a first hole, A second drill that forms a second hole having a diameter larger than that of the first hole, the second drill being provided coaxially around the first drill, and the first drill
  • the first drill and the second drill are slidable in the axial direction so that their relative positions change, and the manufacturing method includes relative positions of the first drill and the second drill.
  • the first drill forms the first hole in the workpiece by the first drill in a state where the tip of the first drill is adjusted to the first relative position protruding from the tip of the second drill.
  • the relative position between the first drill and the second drill An adjustment step of adjusting the second relative position in which the amount of protrusion of the tip of the first drill from the tip of the second drill is small compared to the first relative position; and the first drill and the In a state where the relative position to the second drill is adjusted to the second relative position, the second drill forms the second hole concentric with the first hole, and the stepped hole is And a second processing step to be formed.
  • a processing unit that rotationally drives the cutting tool, and a moving unit that can move the processing unit in an axial direction of the cutting tool, and the cutting tool forms a first hole.
  • a second drill that forms a second hole larger in diameter than the first hole, wherein the second drill is coaxially around the first drill.
  • the first drill and the second drill are slidable in the axial direction so that their relative positions change, and the processing unit includes the first drill and the second drill.
  • a processing apparatus comprising a relative movement mechanism that changes a relative position of the second drill in the axial direction.
  • the drill is disposed inside a predetermined drill, and is formed on one end side in the axial direction, fixed on the processing apparatus, and formed on the other end side in the axial direction.
  • a drill comprising: a blade portion for machining a hole; and a guide portion formed between the mounting portion and the blade portion for guiding the axial movement of the predetermined drill. Is done.
  • the drill is disposed outside a predetermined drill, and is formed on an axially extending through hole through which the predetermined drill is inserted, and one end in the axial direction, and is fixed to a processing apparatus.
  • a drill characterized by comprising a mounting portion and a blade portion that is formed on the other end side in the axial direction and that forms a hole in a workpiece.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 2A to 2D are explanatory views of a cutting tool.
  • the perspective view of the processing apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.
  • FIG. 6A is an explanatory diagram of an example of detecting a tip of a cutting tool
  • FIG. 6B is a block diagram of a control unit.
  • 7A and 7B are explanatory diagrams of processing examples.
  • 8A and 8B are explanatory diagrams of processing examples.
  • 10A to 10F are explanatory diagrams of other processing examples.
  • 11A to 11F are explanatory diagrams of other processing examples.
  • 12A to 12D are explanatory diagrams of other processing examples.
  • 13A to 13F are explanatory views of other processing examples.
  • X and Y indicate horizontal directions orthogonal to each other, and Z indicates the vertical direction.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a processing system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the processing system 100 is a system for manufacturing a part with a hole by forming a hole in the workpiece W with the cutting tool T, and includes a processing device 1 and a moving device 101 that moves the processing device 1.
  • the workpiece W is a laminate of a plate-like member W1 and a plate-like member W2, and is prepared in a horizontal posture.
  • Various workpieces can be targeted as the workpiece for forming the hole.
  • steel plates, building material panels, structural steel materials or wood, cylinder blocks and cylinder heads of engines, and the like can be given.
  • the moving device 101 includes a pair of column portions 101b and a beam portion 101a installed between the pair of column portions 101b, and the pair of column portions 101b moves along the rail 101c on the rail 101c extending in the Y direction. It is possible.
  • a plurality of processing devices 1 are supported on the beam portion 101a, and the plurality of processing devices 1 can be moved horizontally simultaneously by moving a pair of support columns 101b on the rail 101c. The hole can be processed at the same time in the region.
  • Each processing apparatus 1 may be provided so as to be slidable along the longitudinal direction (X direction in FIG. 1) of the beam portion 101a. Thereby, each separation distance between the processing apparatuses 1 can be set to an arbitrary value.
  • the moving device 101 is a gantry-type robot having a linear motion mechanism that moves a plurality of processing devices 1 simultaneously.
  • the moving device 101 is provided for each processing device 1 and the processing device 1 is three-dimensionally provided.
  • the robot may be an articulated arm type robot that moves in a moving manner.
  • FIGS. 2A to 2D The configuration of the cutting tool T will be described with reference to FIGS. 2A to 2D.
  • 2A is a front view of the cutting tool T
  • FIG. 2B is an enlarged view of a tip side portion of the cutting tool T
  • FIG. 2C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II in FIG. 2B
  • the cutting tool T is configured by combining two types of drills T1 and T2 having different hole diameters that can be cut.
  • the drill T1 and the drill T2 are in a relationship in which the drill T1 is disposed inside the drill T2 and the drill T2 is disposed outside the drill T1.
  • Drill T1 is a drill that forms a relatively small diameter hole.
  • the drill T1 is a cylindrical member as a whole, and includes a blade portion T11, a mounting portion T12, and a guide portion T13.
  • the blade portion T11 is a portion of the blade that is formed over a certain range from the tip T1a on the front side of the drill T1 and forms a hole in the workpiece W.
  • the tip T1a referred to here means a flank portion at the tip of the drill.
  • the mounting portion T12 is a portion fixed to the processing apparatus 1, and is formed over a certain range from the rear end on the rear side of the drill T1.
  • the drill T1 is fixed to the processing apparatus 1 so that the axial direction thereof is the Z direction, and the tip T1a is positioned at the lower end of the drill T1 during use.
  • the guide portion T13 is formed between the blade portion T11 and the mounting portion T12 and guides the axial movement of the drill T2.
  • the mounting portion T12 and the guide portion T13 have a cylindrical shape with the same diameter, but other shapes (for example, polygons) may be used, and the mounting portion T12 and the guide portion T13 are provided. It may have a cylindrical shape with a different diameter or may have a different shape.
  • Drill T2 is a drill that forms a relatively large diameter hole.
  • the drill T2 is a cylindrical member as a whole, and includes a blade portion T21, a mounting portion T22, and a through hole T23.
  • the blade portion T21 is a portion of the blade that is formed over a certain range from the tip T2a on the front side of the drill T2 and forms a hole in the workpiece W.
  • the tip T2a referred to here means a flank portion at the tip of the drill.
  • the mounting portion T22 is a portion fixed to the processing apparatus 1 and is formed over a certain range from the rear end on the rear side of the drill T2. In the case of this embodiment, the blade part T21 and the mounting part T22 are each formed about half of the total length of the drill T2.
  • the through hole T23 is formed to extend in the axial direction of the drill T2, and penetrates the drill T2 in the axial direction.
  • the drill T2 is fixed to the processing apparatus 1 so that the axial direction thereof is the Z direction, and the tip T2a is positioned at the lower end of the drill T2 during use.
  • the drill T1 is inserted into the through hole T23, and the drill T1 and the drill T2 are provided coaxially so that the drill T2 surrounds the drill T1.
  • the through hole T23 has a hole diameter slightly larger than the outer diameters of the blade part T11 and the guide part T13 of the drill T1.
  • the guide portion T13 and the through hole T23 are in a relationship for guiding the movement in the axial direction of each other.
  • the drill T1 and the drill T2 are slidable in the axial direction so that their relative positions change. As a result, the protruding amount L of the tip T1a of the drill T1 protruding from the tip T2a of the drill T2 can be changed from 0 to a predetermined amount.
  • the peripheral surface of the blade portion T11 of the drill T1 is exposed, and L> the protruding length of the tip portion where the flank surface is formed.
  • L the protruding length of the tip portion where the flank surface is formed.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the processing apparatus 1 with the cutting tool T mounted
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the processing apparatus 1 with the cutting tool T mounted
  • 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG.
  • FIG. 6A is an explanatory diagram of an example of detecting the tip of the cutting tool T.
  • the processing apparatus 1 includes a drive unit 2, a moving unit 3, a multi-function unit 4, and a support unit 5.
  • the drive unit 2 includes a drive mechanism 21, a drill support unit 22, a drill support unit 23, and a relative movement mechanism 24.
  • the drive mechanism 21 outputs a driving force for rotationally driving the cutting tool T.
  • the drive mechanism 21 includes a drive source such as an electric motor, for example, and may be provided with a speed reducer that decelerates the output of the drive source as necessary.
  • a motor capable of speed control is employed, and speed control is performed so as to obtain an optimum processing speed according to the material of the cutting tool T and the workpiece W to be processed.
  • the drill support unit 22 is a unit that supports the drill T1.
  • the drill support unit 22 includes a rotation member 221 and a rotation support member 222 that supports the rotation member 221 so as to be rotatable about the Z axis.
  • the rotation support member 222 is a cylindrical member, and the rotation member 221 is inserted into the internal space of the rotation support member 222.
  • the rotating member 221 includes a connecting portion 221a, a mounting portion 221b, and an engaging portion 221c.
  • the connecting portion 221a is provided at one end (upper side) in the axial direction of the drill T1 (Z direction; the same applies hereinafter).
  • the output shaft of the drive mechanism 21 is connected to the connecting portion 221a, and the rotational force of the drive mechanism 21 is transmitted. Thereby, the rotating member 221 rotates around the Z axis.
  • the mounting portion 221b is provided at the other end (lower side) in the axial direction of the drill T1.
  • the mounting part 221b includes a chuck for fixing the mounting part T12 of the drill T1, and the drill T1 is detachably attached to the mounting part 221b.
  • the engaging portion 221c is provided at a position between the connecting portion 221a and the mounting portion 221b. As will be described later, the engaging portion 221c engages with the engaging portion 231a of the rotating member 231, and transmits the rotational force of the drive mechanism 21 to the rotating member 231.
  • the drill support unit 23 is a unit that supports the drill T2.
  • the drill support unit 23 includes a rotation member 231 and a rotation support member 232 that supports the rotation member 231 so as to be rotatable around the Z axis.
  • the rotation support member 232 is a cylindrical member, and includes a cylindrical cylindrical body portion 232a and a flange portion 232b provided at the other end portion (lower end portion in FIG. 4) of the cylindrical body portion 232a.
  • the rotating member 231 is inserted into the internal space of the cylindrical portion 232a.
  • the rotating member 231 includes an engaging portion 231a and a mounting portion 231b.
  • the engaging portion 231a is provided at one end (upper side) in the axial direction (Z direction, hereinafter the same) of the drill T2.
  • the engaging portion 231a is an opening opened at the upper end surface of the rotating member 231. Is formed.
  • the mounting portion 231b is provided at the other end (lower side) in the axial direction of the drill T2.
  • the mounting portion 231b includes a chuck for fixing the mounting portion T22 of the drill T2, and the drill T2 is detachably attached to the mounting portion 231b.
  • the side of the mounting portion 231b of the rotating member 231 is inserted into the internal space of the cylindrical portion 232a.
  • the rotating member 231 is rotated by the rotational force transmitted from the rotating member 221.
  • the transmission of the rotational force is performed by the engagement between the engaging portion 221c of the rotating member 221 and the engaging portion 231a of the rotating member 231.
  • the rotating member 221 and the rotating member 231 are arranged coaxially.
  • the engaging portion 221c has a substantially quadrangular cross-sectional shape
  • the engaging portion 231a has an opening having substantially the same shape as the engaging portion 221c
  • the engaging portion 221c is Are inserted into and engaged with the engaging portion 231a, and both are in a fitting (clearance fitting) relationship.
  • the relative movement mechanism 24 is a mechanism that relatively moves the rotating member 221 and the rotating member 231 in the Z direction. In the present embodiment, the rotating member 231 side is moved. By relatively moving the rotating member 221 and the rotating member 231, the relative position in the axial direction between the drill T ⁇ b> 1 and the drill T ⁇ b> 2 can be changed, and thus the protrusion amount L described above can be changed.
  • the relative movement mechanism 24 includes a support portion 241 and moving portions 242 and 242 that move the support portion 241 in the Z direction.
  • the support portion 241 is a member that fixes the rotation support member 232, and supports the rotation member 231 via the rotation support member 232 in a freely rotatable manner.
  • the support part 241 includes a support member 241a and a support member 241b that are coupled to each other.
  • the support member 241a includes a recess 241a ′ in which the rotation support member 232 is mounted and a defining portion 241a ′′ that defines the rotation support member 232 in the mounting position in the axial direction.
  • the support member 241b is mounted on the rotation support member 232.
  • the rotation support member 232 is fixed so that the rotation support member 232 is sandwiched between the recesses 241a ′ and 241b ′, and the flange portion 232b is defined by the defining portion 241a ′′ to define the axial position. To do.
  • the moving parts 242 and 242 are moving mechanisms that move the support part 241 in the Z direction.
  • the moving part 242 is an actuator such as an electric cylinder, and is a mechanism for moving the rod 242a extending in the Z direction back and forth in the Z direction.
  • a support portion 241 is connected to the lower end of the rod 242a, and the support portion 241 is moved (lifted / lowered) in the Z direction by synchronously driving the two moving portions 242 to adjust the position of the drill T2 in the Z direction.
  • the propulsive force at the time of drilling with the drill T2 can be optimally controlled.
  • sliders 241c and 241c that engage with rail portions 53 and 53 described later are provided on the back surface of the support member 241a.
  • the support unit 5 is a unit that supports the processing unit 2 and the multifunction unit 4.
  • the support unit 5 includes a base member 50, a support part 51, support parts 52 and 52, rail parts 53 and 53, and a rail part 54.
  • the base member 50 is a plate-like member, and a support portion 51, support portions 52 and 52, rail portions 53 and 53, and a rail portion 54 are fixed to one surface thereof.
  • the support part 51 supports the drive mechanism 21.
  • the support parts 52 and 52 support the moving parts 242 and 242, respectively. Thereby, the relative movement mechanism 24 is supported by the support unit 5.
  • the rail parts 53 and 53 are extended in the Z direction, and guide the movement of the sliders 241c and 241c in the Z direction. Thereby, the support part 241 can be moved up and down smoothly in the Z direction.
  • the rail portion 54 extends in the Z direction and engages with the slider 41 of the multi-function unit 4 to guide the movement of the multi-function unit 4 in the Z direction.
  • a stopper (not shown) that restricts the amount of the descent is provided.
  • the moving unit 3 is a mechanism for moving the support unit 5 in the Z direction. By moving the support unit 5 in the Z direction, the processing unit 2 and the multi-function unit 4 are moved in the Z direction. By lowering the processing unit 2, the cutting tool T can be brought into contact with the workpiece W and processed.
  • the moving unit 3 includes a moving body 31 and a support column 32.
  • the support column 32 incorporates a mechanism for moving the moving body 31 in the Z direction.
  • a mechanism can be composed of, for example, a drive source such as an electric motor and a transmission mechanism (for example, a ball screw mechanism or a belt transmission mechanism) that transmits the driving force of the drive source to the moving body 31.
  • the drive source in the present embodiment employs a servo motor including an encoder, and can control the movement of the moving body 31 to an arbitrary position.
  • the support unit 5 is fixed to the movable body 31, and the support unit 5 is moved by the movement of the movable body 31, the drill T1 is adjusted to a predetermined position in the Z direction, and the propulsive force at the time of drilling by the drill T1 is optimally controlled. can do.
  • the multi-function unit 4 surrounds the portion to be machined in the workpiece W and functions as a suction space forming unit that forms an internal space that is sucked by negative pressure, and detection for detecting the tip position of the cutting tool T with respect to the workpiece W It has a function as a unit.
  • the multi-function unit 4 includes a slider 41, a main unit 42, and a connection mechanism 43. As described above, the slider 41 engages with the rail portion 54 and is slidable in the Z direction, and the multi-function unit 4 is supported by the rail portion 54 so as to be slidable in the Z direction.
  • the connection mechanism 43 is a hinge mechanism that movably connects the main body unit 42 including the suction space forming unit to the slider 41.
  • a contact portion 44 described later is configured to be movable between a work position on the machining axis and a retracted position separated from the machining axis. Specifically, the entire body unit 42 including the contact portion 44 is rotated between the working position and the retracted position around the rotation shaft 43 a of the connection mechanism 43. Thereby, in the case of maintenance of the machining unit 2 or the main body unit 42 (in the case of the present embodiment, each drill is replaced), the abutting portion 44 is moved to the retracted position, thereby improving the drill exchanging workability. improves.
  • the multi-function unit 5 includes a hollow contact portion 44, a hollow intermediate portion 422, and a hollow duct portion 423 as a configuration as a suction space forming unit, and these internal spaces communicate with each other.
  • the abutting portion 44 has a box shape with the lower part opened so as to surround the periphery of the machining part of the cutting tool T with respect to the work W, and the lower surface thereof contacts the upper surface of the work W. Touch.
  • the contact portion 44 also functions as a suction space forming portion that forms the internal space 421 that is sucked by negative pressure. Openings 44 a and 44 b through which the cutting tool T can pass are formed in the upper wall and the bottom wall of the contact portion 44.
  • a suction device such as a pump is connected to the upper end portion of the duct portion 423 via a hose (not shown).
  • the internal space of the suction space forming part 421 is sucked with a negative pressure by driving the suction device. Thereby, the processing waste generated in the processing work by the cutting tool T can be discharged to the outside, and the work site can be kept clean.
  • the multi-function unit 5 includes a contact portion 44 and a sensor 45 as a configuration as a detection unit.
  • the sensor 45 is a sensor that detects the tip of the cutting tool T.
  • the sensor 45 is an optical sensor that includes a light emitting element 45a and a light receiving element 45b.
  • the light emitting element 45a and the light receiving element 45b are provided on the upper wall of the contact portion 44 so as to sandwich the opening 44a.
  • the support unit 5 is lowered by the moving unit 3 from a state where the cutting tool T and the contact portion 44 are both separated above the workpiece W as shown in the state S1.
  • the machining unit 2 and the multi-function unit 5 are lowered, and first, as shown in the state S ⁇ b> 2, the contact portion 44 contacts (lands) the upper surface of the workpiece W. Since the dimension of the contact part 44 is known, the height H from the upper surface of the workpiece W to the detection position S of the sensor 45 is also a known height.
  • the machining unit 2 is further lowered.
  • the tip of the cutting tool T (here, the tip of the drill T1) passes through the detection position S as shown in the state S3.
  • the distance between the cutting tool T and the workpiece W can be calculated from the amount of lowering of the support unit 5 after the tip of the cutting tool T is detected by the sensor 45, and the depth of the hole to be processed is controlled. Can do.
  • FIG. 6B is a block diagram of the control unit 6 of the processing apparatus 1. In the case of this embodiment, the control unit 6 controls the entire processing system 100.
  • the control unit 6 includes a processing unit 61 such as a CPU, a storage unit 62 such as a RAM and a ROM, and an interface unit 63 that interfaces the input device 65 and the output device 64 constituting the external device with the processing unit 61. .
  • the interface unit 63 also includes a communication interface that performs communication with the host computer.
  • the host computer is, for example, a computer that controls the entire manufacturing facility in which the processing system 100 is arranged.
  • the processing unit 61 executes a program stored in the storage unit 62, and controls the output device 64 based on information input from the input device 65 (for example, a sensor detection result) and an instruction from the host computer.
  • the input device 65 includes, for example, a sensor 45 and the like.
  • the output device 64 includes, for example, a drive source of the drive mechanism 21, each drive source such as the moving unit 242 and the moving unit 3. And the process part 61 controls the propulsive force by the rotational speed and rotational force of the motor used as each drive source.
  • FIG. 7 to 9 illustrate a case where a stepped hole is formed on the workpiece W by the cutting tool T to manufacture a part with a hole. Briefly, a small-diameter hole is first formed by the drill T1, and then a concentric large-diameter hole is formed around the small-diameter hole by the drill T2. Meanwhile, the relative positions of the drill T1 and the drill T2 are adjusted. Details will be described below.
  • the relative position of the drill T1 and the drill T2 is adjusted by the relative movement mechanism 24 so that the protrusion amount L corresponds to the depth of the small-diameter hole.
  • the support unit 5 is lowered by the moving unit 3 and the machining unit 2 and the multi-function unit 4 are lowered.
  • the driving mechanism 21 is driven to rotate the cutting tool T, and the processing unit 2 is further lowered.
  • FIG. 7A a hole is formed in the workpiece W by the drill T1 at an optimum speed and propulsive force according to the size of the workpiece W and the drill T1.
  • the support unit 5 When the tip T1a of the drill T1 reaches a predetermined depth, the support unit 5 is raised, and the cutting tool T is temporarily retracted from the workpiece W as shown in FIG. 7B.
  • a hole h1 is formed in the workpiece W.
  • the hole h1 is a hole that penetrates the workpiece W1 and reaches the upper portion of the workpiece W2.
  • the relative positions of the drill T1 and the drill T2 are adjusted. Assuming that the amount of protrusion at the time of processing the small-diameter hole shown in FIG. 7A is La, the amount of protrusion Lb after the relative position adjustment is different from the amount of La.
  • the protrusion amount Lb selected within the range of 0 ⁇ Lb ⁇ La can be set as a relative position where the protrusion amount Lb is smaller than the relative position when processing a small-diameter hole.
  • the adjustment of the relative position of the drill T1 and the drill T2 is performed by the relative movement mechanism 24.
  • the moving parts 242 and 242 are driven to lower the support part 241 and the relative position is adjusted so that Lb ⁇ La.
  • the relative position between the drill T1 and the drill T2 is adjusted to a relative position different from the relative position at the time of processing the small-diameter hole.
  • the adjustable relative position is a relative position between the relative position at the time of processing the small-diameter hole and the relative position where the tip T1a of the drill T1 is accommodated in the drill T2, and is a relative position where the protrusion amount L is small. Can do.
  • the support unit 5 is lowered by the moving unit 3, and the machining unit 2 is lowered again as shown in FIG. 8B.
  • a hole is formed in the workpiece W by the drill T2 at an optimum speed and propulsive force according to the size of the workpiece W and the drill T2.
  • the tip T2a of the drill T2 reaches a predetermined depth, the support unit 5 is raised and the cutting tool T is retracted from the workpiece W as shown in FIG.
  • a stepped hole h including a hole h1 and a hole h2 is formed in the work W.
  • the relative positions of the drill T1 and the drill T2 can be changed, it is not necessary to replace the drill when manufacturing a holed part having holes with different diameters.
  • the relative position between the drill T1 and the drill T2 can be changed, it is not necessary to replace the drill when manufacturing a holed part having holes with different depths.
  • drilling can be performed with an optimum rotation speed and driving force according to the size of the drill T1 and the drill T2.
  • FIG. 10 shows an example in which a depression is formed in advance as a punch hole to form a stepped hole.
  • the relative positions of the drill T1 and the drill T2 are adjusted to a relative position suitable for formation of the recess.
  • the protruding amount L is L1
  • the tip T1a of the drill T1 is slightly protruding from the tip T2a of the drill T2.
  • the support unit 5 is lowered by the moving unit 3, and the tip T1a of the drill T1 is brought into contact with the surface of the workpiece W as shown in FIG. 10B.
  • the cutting tool T is preferably rotated.
  • the support unit 5 is raised and the cutting tool T is temporarily retracted from the workpiece W. As shown in FIG. 10C, a recess h0 is formed on the upper surface of the workpiece W. Next, in order to form a small-diameter hole with the drill T1, as shown in FIG. 10C, the relative positions of the drill T1 and the drill T2 are adjusted.
  • the protrusion amount L2 is a protrusion amount corresponding to the depth of the small-diameter hole, and has a relationship of L2> L1.
  • the drive mechanism 21 is driven, the cutting tool T is rotated, and the support unit 5 is lowered by the moving unit 3.
  • a hole is formed in the workpiece W by the drill T1 at an optimum speed and propulsive force according to the size of the workpiece W and the drill T1.
  • the tip T1a of the drill T1 reaches a predetermined depth, the support unit 5 is raised, and the cutting tool T is retracted from the workpiece W as shown in FIG. 10E.
  • a hole h1 is formed in the workpiece W.
  • the relative positions of the drill T1 and the drill T2 are adjusted as shown in FIG. 10E.
  • the protrusion amount L is L3.
  • the relationship between L1, L2, and L3 is, for example, L1 ⁇ L2 ⁇ L3.
  • the support unit 5 is lowered by the moving unit 3, and the machining unit 2 is lowered again as shown in FIG. 10F. Thereby, a hole is formed in the workpiece W by the drill T2 at an optimum speed and propulsive force according to the size of the workpiece W and the drill T2.
  • the tip T2a of the drill T2 reaches a predetermined depth, the support unit 5 is raised, and a hole similar to the stepped hole h shown in FIG. 9 is formed.
  • FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram thereof.
  • FIG. 11 after forming a stepped hole by forming a depression as a punch hole in advance as in FIG. 10, a hole is drilled by the drill T ⁇ b> 1 and then a hole is drilled by the drill T ⁇ b> 2 to form a stepped hole.
  • An example is shown.
  • the relative positions of the drill T1 and the drill T2 are adjusted to a relative position suitable for formation of the recess.
  • the protruding amount L is L1
  • the tip T1a of the drill T1 is slightly protruding from the tip T2a of the drill T2.
  • the support unit 5 is lowered by the moving unit 3, and the tip T1a of the drill T1 is brought into contact with the surface of the workpiece W as shown in FIG. 11B.
  • the cutting tool T is preferably rotated.
  • the cutting tool T is temporarily retracted from the workpiece W. As shown in FIG. 11C, a recess h0 is formed on the upper surface of the workpiece W. Next, in order to form a small-diameter hole with the drill T1, as shown in FIG. 11C, the relative positions of the drill T1 and the drill T2 are adjusted.
  • the protrusion amount L2 is a protrusion amount corresponding to the depth of the small-diameter hole, and has a relationship of L2> L1.
  • the drive mechanism 21 is driven, the cutting tool T is rotated, and the support unit 5 is lowered by the moving unit 3.
  • a hole is formed in the workpiece W by the drill T1 at an optimum speed and propulsive force according to the size of the workpiece W and the drill T1.
  • the drill T1 is not moved while the cutting tool T is rotated in order to continuously form holes with the drill T2 as shown in FIG. 11E.
  • the relative position of the drill T1 and the drill T2 is adjusted (without raising the support unit 5). That is, the moving unit 242 is moved to lower the drill T2.
  • the protrusion amount L is L3 '.
  • the relationship between L1, L2, and L3 ′ is, for example, L1 ⁇ L2 ⁇ L3 ′.
  • drilling is performed with a drill T2 while the support portion 241 is lowered by the moving portions 242, 242. Thereby, a hole is formed in the workpiece W by the drill T2 at an optimum speed and propulsive force according to the size of the workpiece W and the drill T2.
  • the tip T2a of the drill T2 reaches a predetermined depth, the support unit 5 is raised, and a hole similar to the stepped hole h shown in FIG. 9 is formed.
  • FIG. 12A shows a stage where the machining of the small diameter hole h1 is completed by the drill T1, and the relative position between the drill T1 and the drill T2 is adjusted.
  • the protrusion amount L is L4.
  • the protrusion amount L4 is set to a value as large as possible within a range smaller than the depth of the hole h1, for example.
  • the support unit 5 is lowered by the moving unit 3, and first, the drill T1 is used as a hole insertion guide, and the drill T1 is inserted into the hole h1. Accordingly, naturally, the center of the drill T1 and the center of the hole h1 completely coincide. At this time, since the drill T1 and the drill T2 are provided concentrically, as a result, the center of the drill T2 and the center of the hole h1 completely coincide. Further, the inclination of the hole h1 with respect to the workpiece W and the inclination of the drill T1 with respect to the workpiece W are completely coincident with each other.
  • the drill T1 is used as a slide guide for the drill T2, and the protrusion L4 is gradually reduced.
  • the drill T2 is slid forward along the drill T1 while the drill T1 and the drill T2 are kept concentric, the center of the drill T2 and the center of the hole h1 are not shifted.
  • the hole drilling operation is performed at an optimum speed and driving force according to the size of the workpiece W and the drill T2.
  • the tip of the drill T2 can be applied to the upper opening of the hole h1 at an optimum speed and propulsive force while keeping the center of the drill T2 coincident with the center of the hole h1. .
  • the protrusion amount L4 is further reduced from the initially set protrusion amount L4 according to the cutting depth of the drill T2.
  • the hole h2 is gradually formed from the upper opening of the hole h1 toward the back of the hole by the drill T2, and stepped holes (the hole H1 and the hole h2) are formed.
  • the protrusion amount L 0.
  • a stepped hole can be formed in which the inclination of h1 and the inclination of the hole h2 with respect to the workpiece W are completely coincident.
  • FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram thereof. It should be noted that the control in the above-described stepped hole processing example can be appropriately applied to processing two types of holes separated from each other. To do.
  • the protrusion amount L5 is a protrusion amount corresponding to the depth of the small-diameter hole.
  • the drive mechanism 21 is driven to rotate the cutting tool T and the support unit 5 is lowered by the moving unit 3.
  • a hole is formed in the workpiece W by the drill T1 at an optimum speed and propulsive force according to the size of the workpiece W and the drill T1.
  • the tip T1a of the drill T1 reaches a predetermined depth, the support unit 5 is raised, and the cutting tool T is retracted from the workpiece W as shown in FIG. 13C.
  • a hole h11 is formed in the workpiece W.
  • the support unit 5 is lowered by the moving unit 3, and the machining unit 2 is lowered again as shown in FIG. 13D.
  • a hole is formed in the workpiece W by the drill T2 at an optimum speed and propulsive force according to the size of the workpiece W and the drill T2.
  • the support unit 5 is raised.
  • a hole h12 having a different diameter is formed at a position different from the hole 11.
  • FIG. 13C and 13D show an example.
  • the processing device 1 After processing the hole h11, as shown in FIG. 13E, the processing device 1 is moved to the formation position of the large-diameter hole by the moving device 101, and the relative position between the drill T1 and the drill T2 is adjusted.
  • the protrusion amount L L6.
  • the protrusion amount L6 is, for example, L6 ⁇ L5, and can be set particularly to the extent that the tip T1a of the drill T1 is exposed.
  • the support unit 5 is lowered by the moving unit 3, and the machining unit 2 is lowered again as shown in FIG. 13F. Thereby, a hole is formed in the workpiece W by the drill T2 at an optimum speed and propulsive force according to the size of the workpiece W and the drill T2. Since the tip T1a of the drill T1 protrudes from the tip T2a of the drill T2, more stable processing can be performed. When the tip T2a of the drill T2 reaches a predetermined depth, the support unit 5 is raised. A hole h12 having a different diameter is formed at a position different from the hole 11.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Drilling And Boring (AREA)
  • Drilling Tools (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Numerical Control (AREA)
PCT/JP2015/000346 2014-03-27 2015-01-27 製造方法、加工装置及びドリル Ceased WO2015145928A1 (ja)

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CN118527690A (zh) * 2024-07-27 2024-08-23 山西汇众兴盛电力工程有限公司 一种可以快速更换钻头的电力工程用台钻及其使用方法

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CN111545805A (zh) * 2019-09-02 2020-08-18 韩彩玲 一种精密机械制造用一体化钻磨两用工具及方法
CN114226779B (zh) * 2021-12-11 2024-01-23 贵州凯星液力传动机械有限公司 一种长悬深偏心台阶小孔的加工方法

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JP2015188956A (ja) 2015-11-02

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