WO2015145914A1 - アンカーボルトの診断システム、その方法およびプログラム - Google Patents
アンカーボルトの診断システム、その方法およびプログラム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015145914A1 WO2015145914A1 PCT/JP2014/084616 JP2014084616W WO2015145914A1 WO 2015145914 A1 WO2015145914 A1 WO 2015145914A1 JP 2014084616 W JP2014084616 W JP 2014084616W WO 2015145914 A1 WO2015145914 A1 WO 2015145914A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/045—Analysing solids by imparting shocks to the workpiece and detecting the vibrations or the acoustic waves caused by the shocks
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/025—Change of phase or condition
- G01N2291/0258—Structural degradation, e.g. fatigue of composites, ageing of oils
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/26—Scanned objects
- G01N2291/269—Various geometry objects
- G01N2291/2691—Bolts, screws, heads
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an anchor bolt diagnosis system, method and program thereof.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for diagnosing an anchor bolt by natural vibration.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for viewing a property change surface based on the arrival time of a reflected wave.
- Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a method of observing the amplitude by installing a vibration sensor on a concrete surface instead of an anchor bolt.
- Non-Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for checking the amplitude of the hitting sound in order to examine the peeling of the concrete surface layer.
- the technique described in the above document cannot diagnose the strength of the anchor bolt itself with high accuracy. This is because the resonance of the accessory (which is fastened by the anchor bolt) is dominant and is fixed by friction with the accessory, and the anchor bolt does not vibrate sufficiently. Moreover, the nonpatent literatures 1 and 2 cannot diagnose the intensity
- An object of the present invention is to provide a technique for solving the above-described problems.
- an anchor bolt diagnosis system comprises: While sandwiching the anchor bolt, a vibration detection clip for detecting the power of vibration of the anchor bolt, A striking detection hammer that detects striking strength while striking the anchor bolt in a state of being pinched by the vibration sensing clip, Obtaining the impact strength and the vibration power output from the vibration detection clip and the impact detection hammer, and depending on whether the ratio of the vibration power to the impact strength is greater than a predetermined value Diagnostic means for diagnosing the health of the anchor bolt; Equipped with.
- the anchor bolt diagnosis method comprises: A vibration detection step of detecting the power of vibration of the anchor bolt while holding the anchor bolt with a vibration detection clip; A striking detection step for detecting striking strength while striking with a striking detection hammer against the anchor bolt held by the vibration detection clip, Obtaining the impact strength and the vibration power output from the vibration detection clip and the impact detection hammer, and determining whether the ratio of the vibration power to the impact strength is greater than a predetermined value.
- a diagnostic step to diagnose the health of the bolt including.
- an anchor bolt diagnosis program comprises: A vibration detection step of detecting the power of vibration of the anchor bolt while holding the anchor bolt with a vibration detection clip; A striking detection step for detecting striking strength while striking with a striking detection hammer against the anchor bolt held by the vibration detection clip, Obtaining the impact strength and the vibration power output from the vibration detection clip and the impact detection hammer, and determining whether the ratio of the vibration power to the impact strength is greater than a predetermined value.
- the soundness of the anchor bolt can be diagnosed with high accuracy, effectively and efficiently.
- the anchor bolt diagnosis system 100 includes a vibration detection clip 101, a hit detection hammer 102, and a diagnosis unit 103.
- the vibration detection clip 101 includes a sensor 111 that detects the vibration power of the anchor bolt 120 while holding the anchor bolt 120 therebetween.
- the hit detection hammer 102 hits the anchor bolt 120 held by the vibration detection clip 101, and includes a sensor 121 that detects the hit strength.
- the diagnosis unit 103 acquires the vibration power and the impact strength from the vibration detection clip 101 and the impact detection hammer 102, acquires the impact strength and the vibration power, and the ratio of the vibration power to the impact strength is predetermined.
- the soundness of the anchor bolt 120 is diagnosed according to whether or not it is larger than the value.
- the anchor bolt soundness can be diagnosed with high accuracy, effectiveness and efficiency.
- FIG. 2 is an external perspective view for explaining a schematic configuration of the anchor bolt diagnosis system according to the present embodiment.
- the anchor bolt 220 is driven into the concrete 221, and the accessory 223 is fixed to the concrete 221 by tightening the nut 222.
- the anchor bolt 220 is sandwiched between the clips 201 and 202 with the vibration sensor, and the nut 222 is struck with the hammer 210 with the acceleration sensor 211, and the response vibration in at least two directions is normalized with the strength of the hit. And make a diagnosis.
- the clip 201 sandwiches the anchor bolt 220 from the tip end side of the axial bolt toward the concrete 221 side (in the direction of the arrow 240).
- the clip 202 sandwiches the anchor bolt 220 in a direction perpendicular to the bolt axis (in the direction of the arrow 250).
- the acceleration sensor 211 is provided on the hammer 210 here, the present invention is not limited to this, and a speed sensor may be used.
- the portion hit with the hammer 210 is not limited to the nut 222, but may be the anchor bolt 220 directly above the nut 222.
- the vibration sensor and the acceleration sensor 211 are connected to a diagnostic unit 230 such as a computer, and the diagnostic unit 230 measures the strength of the impact with the acceleration of the hammer 210, normalizes it, and compares it with a predetermined threshold value. Diagnose the fixing soundness of the anchor bolt 220.
- the diagnosis unit 230 uses only the initial impact response within a predetermined time after the impact among the acquired response vibrations during measurement. Thereby, the influence of resonance and reverberation due to the accessory 223 can be avoided.
- the clip type it becomes possible to measure easily on site. It is important that the sensor is in close contact with a diagnosis target (an anchor bolt or the like), and this can be realized by softly fixing the vibration sensor to the clips 201 and 202 using, for example, a spring or a flexible material.
- the diagnosis unit 230 notifies an error message when the strength of the hammer 210 is low. It is intended to obtain an appropriate vibration response of the anchor bolt by overcoming the friction of the accessory by causing the worker to strike it to some extent.
- FIG. 3A is an enlarged view of the tip portion (contact surface with the anchor bolt) of the clip 201.
- a vibration sensor 311 that detects vibration in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the anchor bolt 220 is provided on the contact surface 301 of the tip of the clip 201 with the anchor bolt 220.
- a vibration sensor 321 that detects vibration in the axial direction of the anchor bolt 220 is provided on the contact surface 302 of the clip 201 at the tip with the anchor bolt 220.
- FIG. 3B is an enlarged view of the tip end portion (contact surface with the anchor bolt) of the clip 202.
- a vibration sensor 3331 for detecting vibration in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the anchor bolt 220 is provided on the contact surface 303 of the clip 202 at the tip with the anchor bolt 220.
- a vibration sensor 341 (not shown) that detects vibration in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the anchor bolt 220 is provided on the contact surface 304 of the clip 201 with the anchor bolt 220 at the tip.
- FIG. 4A is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing the present system.
- the cord extending from the sensor is omitted and the clip 202 is shown through.
- the vibration sensor 311 provided in the clip 201 is in close contact with the anchor bolt 220 and detects the vibration in the Y direction.
- the vibration sensor 321 provided at the tip of the other arm of the clip 201 is also in close contact with the anchor bolt 220 and detects the vibration in the X direction.
- the vibration sensor 331 provided on the clip 202 is in close contact with the anchor bolt 220 and detects the vibration in the Z direction.
- the hammer 210 is provided with an acceleration sensor 211 and detects the magnitude of the impact force applied to the nut 222. Thereby, the connectivity between the concrete 221 and the anchor bolt 220 and the soundness of the anchor bolt itself are diagnosed.
- FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the present system. For clarity, the clip is omitted and only the sensors 311, 321, 331, 341 and the anchor bolt 220 and nut 222 and the hammer 210 are shown.
- vibration sensors are provided in the X, Y, and Z directions, and the nut 222 is hit with a hammer 210 from various directions to diagnose the soundness of the anchor bolt.
- you can see the relationship between the striking strength and vibration response (for example, the presence or absence of non-linearity and the degree), know more in detail about friction and ease of movement, and more accurate Diagnosis can be performed.
- diagnosis results can be made more accurate, and the variation and size of the results (by friction) itself Diagnosis of soundness can also be performed using as an index. It is also possible to use a highly accurate technique that excludes extreme outliers (vibration response) by numerous hits.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a functional configuration of this system.
- the anchor bolt diagnosis system 200 includes clips 201 and 202, a hammer 210, and a diagnosis unit 230. The function of each element of this system will be described again with reference to FIG.
- Clips 201 and 202 are vibration detection clips that detect the power of vibration in at least two directions of the anchor bolt 220 while holding the anchor bolt 220 therebetween.
- the clips 201 and 202 include vibration sensors 311, 321, 331, and 341 that detect the vibration power in the axial direction (X axis) of the anchor bolt 220 and the directions orthogonal to the axis (Y and Z axes).
- the hammer 210 is a hammer detecting hammer that detects the hammering strength while giving a hammer to the anchor bolt 220 held between the clips 201 and 202.
- the hammer 210 includes a sensor 211 as an acceleration sensor.
- the diagnosis unit 230 acquires the impact strength and vibration power output from the clips 201 and 202 and the hammer, and determines whether the anchor bolt is in proportion to whether the ratio of the vibration power to the impact strength is greater than a predetermined value. Diagnose the health of Further, the diagnosis unit 230 normalizes the response vibration acquired by the sensor 211 with the strength of the hit.
- the diagnosis unit 230 diagnoses the soundness of the anchor bolt 220 using the vibration power within a predetermined time after hitting the anchor bolt 220 with the hammer 210.
- the diagnosis unit 203 diagnoses the soundness of the anchor bolt based on the low frequency component of the vibration power.
- the diagnosis part 203 diagnoses the soundness of the anchor bolt 220, when the impact strength with respect to the anchor bolt 220 is a predetermined value or more.
- the diagnosis unit 203 diagnoses the soundness of the anchor bolt 220 based on the impact strength of the multiple hits by the hammer 210 and the vibration power detected by the vibration sensors 311, 321, 331, and 341 at that time.
- the diagnosis unit 230 diagnoses the soundness of the anchor bolt 220 according to the speed of attenuation of the vibration power detected by the vibration sensors 311, 321, 331, and 341. Judge that soundness has declined.
- the clips 201 and 202 have vibration sensors 311, 321, 331, and 341 for acquiring the vibration power of the anchor bolt 220 on the contact surface with the anchor bolt 220. Look at the power of the first few waveforms.
- the degree of bending of the anchor bolt 220 is known from the vibration in the X-axis direction (bolt axis direction), and the soundness is also known from the vibration in the YZ-axis direction (direction perpendicular to the bolt axis). In particular, if there are many low-frequency components of vibration in the YZ axis direction (direction perpendicular to the bolt axis), it can be determined that the anchor bolt 220 is not firmly fixed.
- Diagnostic unit 230 analyzes the height of the sound waveform in the time domain as shown in FIG. 6A. To avoid the effects of incidental resonances, the second half of the waveform is not seen. Further, frequency analysis is performed to determine whether the YZ axis is direct current, but the frequency analysis result is not used for soundness diagnosis. As shown in FIG. 6A, when sound, the vibration in the X-axis direction (bolt axis direction) is immediately attenuated, and the vibration in the YZ-axis direction (direction perpendicular to the bolt axis) is basically immediately attenuated. .
- the vibration may resonate with a plate or the like to be attenuated slowly.
- the vibration amplitude in the X-axis direction is large or the attenuation is slow.
- the attenuation in the YZ axis direction is slow or DC.
- the ratio of the response vibration to the impact strength increases as the strength decreases.
- the response vibration waveform in the case of high strength and no cracks 701, the response vibration waveform is a tall triangle, but in the case of low strength 702 and directly above the crack 703, the response vibration waveform is It becomes a trapezoid.
- the soundness diagnosis of the anchor bolt may be performed using such a waveform.
- a ratio between the peak height of the nut waveform and the peak height of the hammer waveform may be analyzed as a relationship between the peak height of the hammer waveform (strike strength). When this ratio is small, the strength is high, and when the ratio is large, it can be determined that the strength is low.
- diagnosis may be made more accurate using machine learning. Furthermore, sound / unhealthy may be identified using SVM (support vector machine) or the like. Further, the diagnosis result may be normalized by the bolt diameter.
- SVM support vector machine
- FIG. 7B is a flowchart for explaining the flow of processing performed by the diagnosis unit 230.
- the diagnosis unit 230 acquires the hammering sound from the hammer, and then acquires and analyzes the hammering sound in step 713. Further, in step S715, the diagnosis unit 230 calculates the vibration power immediately after the impact, the vibration attenuation rate, and Get the DC component of the vibration.
- the soundness of the anchor bolt is determined using the parameters obtained in S715.
- the soundness of the anchor bolt can be diagnosed with high accuracy, effectively and efficiently using the clip and the hammer provided with the sensor.
- FIG. 8 is an external perspective view for explaining a schematic configuration of the anchor bolt diagnosis system 800 according to the present embodiment.
- the anchor bolt diagnosis system 800 according to the present embodiment differs from the second embodiment in that it has only one clip 801 and does not have the clip 202. Since other configurations and operations are the same as those of the second embodiment, the same configurations and operations are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the tip portion (contact surface with the anchor bolt) of the clip 801.
- Two vibration sensors 911 and 912 that detect vibration in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the anchor bolt 220 are provided on the contact surface 901 of the clip 801 with the anchor bolt 220 at the tip, and vibrations in different directions are provided. To detect.
- a vibration sensor 321 that detects vibration in the axial direction of the anchor bolt 220 is provided on the contact surface 902 of the clip 801 with the anchor bolt 220 at the tip.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a functional configuration of this system.
- the anchor bolt diagnosis system 800 includes a clip 801, a hammer 210, and a diagnosis unit 230.
- the clip 801 detects the power of vibration in at least two directions of the anchor bolt 220 while holding the anchor bolt 220.
- the clip 801 includes vibration sensors 321, 911, and 912 that detect vibration power in the axial direction (X axis) of the anchor bolt 220 and in the directions orthogonal to the axis (Y and Z axes).
- the health of the anchor bolt can be diagnosed more simply by using only one clip 801.
- FIG. 11 is an external perspective view for explaining a schematic configuration of an anchor bolt diagnosis system 11000 according to the present embodiment.
- the hammer 1110 provided with the acceleration sensor 111 is connected to the clip 1101 and applies an impact to the nut 222 with a constant urging force by the spring 1102 as compared with the second embodiment. It is different in point. Since other configurations and operations are the same as those of the second embodiment, the same configurations and operations are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the present invention may be applied to a system composed of a plurality of devices, or may be applied to a single device. Furthermore, the present invention can also be applied to a case where an information processing program that implements the functions of the embodiments is supplied directly or remotely to a system or apparatus. Therefore, in order to realize the functions of the present invention on a computer, a program installed on the computer, a medium storing the program, and a WWW (World Wide Web) server that downloads the program are also included in the scope of the present invention. . In particular, at least a non-transitory computer readable medium storing a program for causing a computer to execute the processing steps included in the above-described embodiments is included in the scope of the present invention.
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Abstract
Description
前記アンカーボルトを狭持しつつ、前記アンカーボルトの振動のパワーを検知する振動検知クリップと、
前記振動検知クリップで狭持された状態の前記アンカーボルトに対して打撃を与えつつ、打撃強さを検知する打撃検知ハンマーと、
前記振動検知クリップと打撃検知ハンマーとから出力された、前記打撃強さおよび前記振動のパワーを取得して、前記打撃強さに対する前記振動のパワーの割合が所定値より大きいか否かに応じて前記アンカーボルトの健全性を診断する診断手段と、
を備えた。
前記アンカーボルトを振動検知クリップで狭持しつつ、前記アンカーボルトの振動のパワーを検知する振動検知ステップと、
前記振動検知クリップで狭持された状態の前記アンカーボルトに対して打撃検知ハンマーで打撃を与えつつ、打撃強さを検知する打撃検知ステップと、
前記振動検知クリップと打撃検知ハンマーとから出力された、前記打撃強さおよび前記振動パワーを取得して、前記打撃強さに対する前記振動パワーの割合が所定値より大きいか否かに応じて前記アンカーボルトの健全性を診断する診断ステップと、
を含む。
前記アンカーボルトを振動検知クリップで狭持しつつ、前記アンカーボルトの振動のパワーを検知する振動検知ステップと、
前記振動検知クリップで狭持された状態の前記アンカーボルトに対して打撃検知ハンマーで打撃を与えつつ、打撃強さを検知する打撃検知ステップと、
前記振動検知クリップと打撃検知ハンマーとから出力された、前記打撃強さおよび前記振動パワーを取得して、前記打撃強さに対する前記振動パワーの割合が所定値より大きいか否かに応じて前記アンカーボルトの健全性を診断する診断ステップと、
を実行させる。
本発明の第1実施形態としてのアンカーボルト診断システム100について、図1を用いて説明する。図1に示すように、アンカーボルト診断システム100は、振動検知クリップ101と打撃検知ハンマー102と診断部103とを含む。
次に本発明の第2実施形態に係るアンカーボルト診断システム200について、図2乃至図4を用いて説明する。図2は、本実施形態に係るアンカーボルト診断システムの概略構成を説明するための外観斜視図である。
診断部230は、ハンマー210による打音の初めのごく一部の波形のパワーを見る。X軸方向(ボルト軸方向)の振動からアンカーボルト220の曲がり具合が分かり、YZ軸方向(ボルト軸に直角をなす方向)の振動からも健全度がわかる。特にYZ軸方向(ボルト軸に直角をなす方向)の振動の低周波成分が多いとアンカーボルト220がしっかりと固定されていないと判断できる。
次に本発明の第3実施形態に係るアンカーボルト診断システム800について、図8を用いて説明する。図8は、図2は、本実施形態に係るアンカーボルト診断システム800の概略構成を説明するための外観斜視図である。本実施形態に係るアンカーボルト診断システム800は、上記第2実施形態と比べると、クリップ801を一つだけ有し、クリップ202を有さない点で異なる。その他の構成および動作は、第2実施形態と同様であるため、同じ構成および動作については同じ符号を付してその詳しい説明を省略する。
次に本発明の第4実施形態に係るアンカーボルト診断システム1100について、図11を用いて説明する。図11は、本実施形態に係るアンカーボルト診断システム11000の概略構成を説明するための外観斜視図である。本実施形態に係るアンカーボルト診断システム1100は、上記第2実施形態と比べると、加速度センサ111を備えたハンマー1110が、クリップ1101と接続されバネ1102によって一定の付勢力でナット222に衝撃を与える点で異なる。その他の構成および動作は、第2実施形態と同様であるため、同じ構成および動作については同じ符号を付してその詳しい説明を省略する。
以上、実施形態を参照して本願発明を説明したが、本願発明は上記実施形態に限定されるものではない。本願発明の構成や詳細には、本願発明のスコープ内で当業者が理解し得る様々な変更をすることができる。また、それぞれの実施形態に含まれる別々の特徴を如何様に組み合わせたシステムまたは装置も、本発明の範疇に含まれる。
Claims (11)
- アンカーボルトの診断システムであって、
前記アンカーボルトを狭持しつつ、前記アンカーボルトの振動のパワーを検知する振動検知クリップと、
前記振動検知クリップで狭持された状態の前記アンカーボルトに対して打撃を与えつつ、打撃強さを検知する打撃検知ハンマーと、
前記振動のパワーおよび前記打撃強さを取得して、前記打撃強さに対する前記振動のパワーの割合が所定値より大きいか否かに応じて前記アンカーボルトの健全性を診断する診断手段と、
を備えたアンカーボルトの診断システム。 - 前記診断手段は、前記打撃検知ハンマーで前記アンカーボルトに対して打撃を与えてから、所定時間内の前記振動のパワーを用いて前記アンカーボルトの健全性を診断する請求項1に記載のアンカーボルトの診断システム。
- 振動検知クリップは、前記アンカーボルトの軸方向および軸と直交する方向の振動のパワーを検知する請求項1または2に記載のアンカーボルトの診断システム。
- 前記診断手段は、前記振動のパワーの低周波成分に基づいてアンカーボルトの健全性を診断する請求項1、2または3に記載のアンカーボルトの診断システム。
- 前記診断手段は、前記アンカーボルトに対する前記打撃強さが所定値以上の場合に、前記アンカーボルトの健全性を診断する請求項1、2または3に記載のアンカーボルトの診断システム。
- 前記診断手段は、前記打撃検知ハンマーによる、複数回の打撃の打撃強さおよびその際の前記振動のパワーに基づいて、前記アンカーボルトの健全性を診断する請求項1乃至5のいずれか1項に記載のアンカーボルトの診断システム。
- 前記診断手段は、前記振動のパワーの減衰の速さに応じて前記アンカーボルトの健全性を診断する請求項1乃至6のいずれか1項に記載のアンカーボルトの診断システム。
- 前記振動検知クリップは、前記アンカーボルトの振動のパワーを取得するための振動センサを、前記アンカーボルトとの当接面に有する請求項1乃至7のいずれか1項に記載のアンカーボルトの診断システム。
- 前記打撃検知ハンマーは、速度センサまたは加速度センサを備え、該加速度センサで取得した応答振動を打撃の強さで正規化する請求項1乃至8のいずれか1項に記載のアンカーボルトの診断システム。
- アンカーボルトの診断方法であって、
前記アンカーボルトを振動検知クリップで狭持しつつ、前記アンカーボルトの振動のパワーを検知する振動検知ステップと、
前記振動検知クリップで狭持された状態の前記アンカーボルトに対して打撃検知ハンマーで打撃を与えつつ、打撃強さを検知する打撃検知ステップと、
前記振動のパワーおよび前記打撃強さを取得して、前記打撃強さに対する前記振動パワーの割合が所定値より大きいか否かに応じて前記アンカーボルトの健全性を診断する診断ステップと、
を含むアンカーボルトの診断方法。 - アンカーボルトの診断プログラムであって、
前記アンカーボルトを振動検知クリップで狭持しつつ、前記アンカーボルトの振動のパワーを検知する振動検知ステップと、
前記振動検知クリップで狭持された状態の前記アンカーボルトに対して打撃検知ハンマーで打撃を与えつつ、打撃強さを検知する打撃検知ステップと、
前記振動のパワーおよび前記打撃強さを取得して、前記打撃強さに対する前記振動パワーの割合が所定値より大きいか否かに応じて前記アンカーボルトの健全性を診断する診断ステップと、
を実行させるアンカーボルトの診断プログラム。
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