WO2015141535A1 - 含硫黄化合物除去用の組成物 - Google Patents
含硫黄化合物除去用の組成物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015141535A1 WO2015141535A1 PCT/JP2015/057114 JP2015057114W WO2015141535A1 WO 2015141535 A1 WO2015141535 A1 WO 2015141535A1 JP 2015057114 W JP2015057114 W JP 2015057114W WO 2015141535 A1 WO2015141535 A1 WO 2015141535A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- hydrogen sulfide
- sulfur
- test
- hydrocarbon
- Prior art date
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 title abstract 4
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 46
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- -1 hydrogen sulphide Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 27
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- ZNZYKNKBJPZETN-WELNAUFTSA-N Dialdehyde 11678 Chemical compound N1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1[C@H](C[C@H](/C(=C/O)C(=O)OC)[C@@H](C=C)C=O)NCC2 ZNZYKNKBJPZETN-WELNAUFTSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 44
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
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- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- SSJXIUAHEKJCMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1N SSJXIUAHEKJCMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AOVGTXWIQWMZGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,2-dicarbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1CCCCC1C=O AOVGTXWIQWMZGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHKHKMGAZGBKCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,3-dicarbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1CCCC(C=O)C1 WHKHKMGAZGBKCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QWKLKVRIQGSSKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,4-dicarbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1CCC(C=O)CC1 QWKLKVRIQGSSKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SKHNPNDJWVBOIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclooctane-1,1-dicarbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1(C=O)CCCCCCC1 SKHNPNDJWVBOIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NGRRKHQDSHTQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclooctane-1,2-dicarbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1CCCCCCC1C=O NGRRKHQDSHTQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WTNONHWHPOSNKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclooctane-1,4-dicarbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1CCCCC(C=O)CC1 WTNONHWHPOSNKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YGGMNXBFEVUBKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclooctane-1,5-dicarbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1CCCC(C=O)CCC1 YGGMNXBFEVUBKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002887 deanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZNWNWEHQFXOPGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanedial Chemical compound O=CCCCCCCCCC=O ZNWNWEHQFXOPGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVTYICIALWPMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisopropanolamine Chemical compound CC(O)CNCC(C)O LVTYICIALWPMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940043276 diisopropanolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- IQDGSYLLQPDQDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylazanium;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CNC IQDGSYLLQPDQDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WEHWNAOGRSTTBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylamine Chemical compound CCCNCCC WEHWNAOGRSTTBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002224 dissection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008098 formaldehyde solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009036 growth inhibition Effects 0.000 description 1
- SUERZLMUVNQECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanedial Chemical compound O=CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=O SUERZLMUVNQECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002462 imidazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(C)CCO CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000003470 mitochondria Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000002780 morpholines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003471 mutagenic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- VMGAPWLDMVPYIA-HIDZBRGKSA-N n'-amino-n-iminomethanimidamide Chemical compound N\N=C\N=N VMGAPWLDMVPYIA-HIDZBRGKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QLNNMIUPRPKARZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-cyclopentylmethanediamine Chemical compound NCNC1CCCC1 QLNNMIUPRPKARZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HPCLZPLLUNZSGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(diethylaminomethoxymethyl)-n-ethylethanamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)COCN(CC)CC HPCLZPLLUNZSGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCTULTWWHOHSNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[(dipropylamino)methoxymethoxymethyl]-n-propylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)COCOCN(CCC)CCC HCTULTWWHOHSNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MSKNLENNQADLSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[(dipropylamino)methoxymethyl]-n-propylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)COCN(CCC)CCC MSKNLENNQADLSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HLAOLWFKQBAKSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-[1-[2-(tert-butylamino)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl]-2-methylpropan-2-amine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)NCCOC(C)OCCNC(C)(C)C HLAOLWFKQBAKSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUMYTJKLIVKYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butyl-n-[(dibutylamino)methoxymethoxymethyl]butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)COCOCN(CCCC)CCCC WUMYTJKLIVKYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IVETVJOPRZJHDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butyl-n-[(dibutylamino)methoxymethyl]butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)COCN(CCCC)CCCC IVETVJOPRZJHDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000706 no observed effect level Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- OADYBSJSJUFUBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanedial Chemical compound O=CCCCCCCC=O OADYBSJSJUFUBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019319 peptone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000083 poly(allylamine) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012925 reference material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BOLDJAUMGUJJKM-LSDHHAIUSA-N renifolin D Natural products CC(=C)[C@@H]1Cc2c(O)c(O)ccc2[C@H]1CC(=O)c3ccc(O)cc3O BOLDJAUMGUJJKM-LSDHHAIUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000952 spleen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylamine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)N YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WMXCDAVJEZZYLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylthiol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)S WMXCDAVJEZZYLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000001550 testis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G29/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with other chemicals
- C10G29/20—Organic compounds not containing metal atoms
- C10G29/22—Organic compounds not containing metal atoms containing oxygen as the only hetero atom
- C10G29/24—Aldehydes or ketones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G29/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with other chemicals
- C10G29/20—Organic compounds not containing metal atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
- C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
- C10L3/102—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants
- C10L3/103—Sulfur containing contaminants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
- C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
- C23F11/10—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids using organic inhibitors
- C23F11/12—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C23F11/122—Alcohols; Aldehydes; Ketones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/201—Impurities
- C10G2300/202—Heteroatoms content, i.e. S, N, O, P
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composition for removing or reducing the concentration of sulfur-containing compounds in hydrocarbons, typically hydrogen sulfide, compounds containing —SH groups, or mixtures thereof.
- the present invention includes, for example, natural gas, liquefied natural gas, sour gas, crude oil, naphtha, heavy aromatic naphtha, gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil, light oil, heavy oil, FCC slurry, asphalt, oilfield concentrate, etc.
- Natural gas liquefied natural gas, sour gas, crude oil, naphtha, heavy aromatic naphtha, gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil, light oil, heavy oil, FCC slurry, asphalt, hydrocarbons such as refined petroleum products such as oilfield concentrate Often contain sulfur-containing compounds such as various compounds containing hydrogen sulfide and —SH groups (typically various mercaptans).
- sulfur-containing compounds such as various compounds containing hydrogen sulfide and —SH groups (typically various mercaptans).
- the toxicity of hydrogen sulfide is well known and in the industry dealing with fossil fuels and refined petroleum products, considerable costs and efforts are made to reduce the hydrogen sulfide content to safe levels. For example, for pipeline gas, it is required as a lot of regulation values that the content of hydrogen sulfide does not exceed 4 ppm.
- various compounds containing hydrogen sulfide and —SH groups tend to be released into the vapor space due to their volatility, in which case their malodors are stored in the storage area. And / or surrounding areas, as well as pipelines and shipping systems used to transport the hydrocarbons.
- systems for treating hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon streams containing hydrogen sulfide are usually installed in large-scale facilities that handle fossil fuels and refined petroleum products. These systems contact hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon streams and absorb sulfur-containing compounds such as hydrogen sulfide and various compounds containing -SH groups (typically various mercaptans), and possibly carbon dioxide. It comprises an absorption tower packed with a class of compounds that can be regenerated in the treatment system after absorption, such as alkanolamines, PEG, hindered amines.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a reaction between an aldehyde compound and hydrogen sulfide, particularly a reaction between an aqueous formaldehyde solution and hydrogen sulfide, in an aqueous solution having a pH in the range of 2 to 12. Since then, many reports have been made on the use of aldehyde compounds to remove hydrogen sulfide.
- Patent Document 2 a water-soluble aldehyde such as formaldehyde, glyoxal, or glutaraldehyde is used as an aqueous solution to sulfidize hydrocarbons. Used as a hydrogen scavenger. Simply adding an aqueous hydrogen sulfide removing agent to a hydrocarbon requires improvement from the viewpoint of mixing.
- Patent Document 3 an emulsifying agent such as sorbitan sesquiolate is added to the aldehydes. Therefore, it is said that the removal efficiency of hydrogen sulfide can be improved.
- patent document 4 in order to remove hydrogen sulfide in heavy oil efficiently, the hydrogen sulfide removal agent and heavy oil which are aqueous solutions are emulsified with the injection system provided with the static mixer.
- Patent Document 2 discloses that not only the above-mentioned water-soluble aldehyde but also a higher organic acrolein is used as a hydrogen sulfide removing agent. From October 30 to November 2, 2011 in the US SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition SPE146080 in Denver, Colorado, also made a presentation on hydrogen sulfide removal with acrolein as an active ingredient.
- acrolein is highly toxic and is a compound whose concentration is strictly regulated in terms of occupational safety and environmental safety, and there is a problem that it requires careful handling.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a composition capable of safely and efficiently removing sulfur-containing compounds contained in hydrocarbons, particularly hydrogen sulfide, compounds containing —SH groups, or mixtures thereof. It is in.
- the present invention is as follows. [1] A composition for removing sulfur-containing compounds in hydrocarbons, wherein the sulfur-containing compound is hydrogen sulfide, a compound containing an —SH group, or a mixture thereof, and the composition has 6 to 6 carbon atoms. A composition comprising 16 dialdehydes as an active ingredient. [2] The composition according to [1], wherein the dialdehyde is 1,9-nonane dial and / or 2-methyl-1,8-octane dial.
- Hydrocarbons for which sulfur-containing compounds are to be removed are natural gas, liquefied natural gas, sour gas, crude oil, naphtha, heavy aromatic naphtha, gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil, light oil, heavy oil, FCC slurry, asphalt
- [4] A method for removing sulfur-containing compounds in hydrocarbons using the composition according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the sulfur-containing compounds are hydrogen sulfide, a compound containing an —SH group, or these A method that is a mixture of [5] The method of [4], further using a nitrogen-containing compound.
- the composition of the present invention comprises, as an active ingredient, a dialdehyde having 6 to 16 carbon atoms, such as 1,9-nonane dial and / or 2-methyl-1,8-octane dial or 3-methyl glutaraldehyde. Excellent removal performance of sulfur-containing compounds in hydrocarbons, particularly hydrogen sulfide, compounds containing —SH groups or mixtures thereof.
- the composition of the present invention contains 1,9-nonane dial and / or 2-methyl-1,8-octane dial as an active ingredient, compared with aldehydes conventionally used as other hydrogen sulfide removing agents. Is low in toxicity and biodegradable, has no adverse environmental impact and is excellent in safety in handling, and also has excellent heat resistance, so the composition of the present invention is used for storing and transporting hydrocarbons. However, the device corrosivity is low.
- the hydrocarbon to which the composition of the present invention is used can be in a gaseous state, a liquid state, a solid state, or a mixed state thereof, and is typically natural gas, liquefied natural gas, Fossil fuels such as sour gas, crude oil, naphtha, heavy aromatic naphtha, gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil, light oil, heavy oil, FCC slurry, asphalt, oilfield concentrate, refined petroleum products, etc., and any combination thereof However, it is not limited to these.
- the sulfur-containing compound that can be contained in the hydrocarbon to be removed using the composition of the present invention is hydrogen sulfide, a compound containing an —SH group, or a mixture thereof.
- a sulfur-containing compound represented by the chemical formula “R—SH” and classified as a mercaptan, for example, methyl mercaptan, ethyl mercaptan, propyl mercaptan, isopropyl mercaptan in which R is an alkyl group is used.
- N-butyl mercaptan isobutyl mercaptan, sec-butyl mercaptan, tert-butyl mercaptan, n-amyl mercaptan; phenyl mercaptan in which R is an aryl group; benzyl mercaptan in which R is an aralkyl group; It is not limited.
- the composition of the present invention is characterized by containing a dialdehyde having 6 to 16 carbon atoms as an active ingredient.
- the dialdehyde having 6 to 16 carbon atoms is preferably an aliphatic dialdehyde, such as methyl glutaraldehyde, 1,6-hexane dial, ethyl pentane dial, 1,7-heptane dial, methyl hexane dial, 1,8-octane dial, methyl heptane dial, dimethylhexane dial, ethyl hexane dial, 1,9-nonane dial, methyl octane dial, ethyl heptane dial, 1,10-decandial, dimethyloctane dial, Ethyloctane dial, dodecandial, hexadecandial, 1,2-cyclohexanedicarbaldehyde, 1,3-cyclohexanedicarbaldehyde, 1,
- 3-methylglutaraldehyde, 1,9-nonane dial, and 2-methyl-1,8-octane dial are preferable, and the composition of the present invention has low toxicity, biodegradability, safety in handling, and heat resistance. From the viewpoint of providing properties and the like, it is more preferable to contain at least one of 1,9-nonanediar and 2-methyl-1,8-octanediar as an active ingredient.
- composition of the present invention contains at least one of 1,9-nonane dial and 2-methyl-1,8-octane dial as an active ingredient
- 1,9-nonane dial alone or 2-methyl as the active ingredient -1,8-octane dial alone may be used, but from the viewpoint of industrial availability, it is particularly preferable to be in the form of a mixture of 1,9-nonane dial and 2-methyl-1,8-octane dial.
- the mixing ratio of such a mixture of 1,9-nonanedial and 2-methyl-1,8-octanediar is not particularly limited, but is usually 1,9-nonanedial / 2-methyl-1,8-octanediar.
- the mass ratio is preferably from 99/1 to 1/99, more preferably from 95/5 to 5/95, still more preferably from 90/10 to 45/55, and more preferably from 90/10 to 55/55. Particularly preferred is 45.
- Both 1,9-nonanedial and 2-methyl-1,8-octanedial are known substances, and are known per se (for example, the method described in Japanese Patent No. 2857055, Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 62-61577, etc.) Or it can manufacture by the method according to it. Moreover, you may use a commercial item.
- 3-Methylglutaldehyde (MGL) is also a known substance, and is known in known methods (for example, Organic Synthesis, Vol. 34, p. 29 (1954), and Organic Synthesis, Vol. 34, p. 71 (1954)). Described method) or a method analogous thereto.
- 1,9-nonanediar and / or 2-methyl-1,8-octanediar have a bactericidal action equivalent to or better than glutaraldehyde, have low oral toxicity and are excellent in biodegradability and are safe And has excellent heat resistance and storage stability.
- the content ratio of the dialdehyde which is an active ingredient in the composition of the present invention can be appropriately set according to the use mode, but is usually 1 to 100% by mass, preferably 5 to 5% from the viewpoint of cost effectiveness.
- the amount is 100% by mass, more preferably 5 to 95% by mass.
- the method for producing the composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, and a method known per se or a method analogous thereto can be used.
- composition of the present invention is preferably a liquid, but depending on the form used to remove sulfur-containing compounds in hydrocarbons, solids such as powders and granules in a form that is appropriately supported on a carrier or the like It may be in a shape.
- the effect of the present invention can be further increased or a nitrogen-containing compound can be further added within a range not impairing.
- nitrogen-containing compounds include N, N′-oxybis (methylene) bis (N, N-dibutylamine), N, N ′-(methylenebis (oxy) bis (methylene)) bis (N, N-dibutylamine).
- Alkyl-hexahydrotriazine compounds 1,3,5-tri (hydroxymethyl) -hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine, 1,3,5-tri (2-hydroxyethyl) -hexahydro-1,3,5 -Hydroxyalkyl-hexahydrotriazine compounds such as triazine, 1,3,5-tri (3-hydroxypropyl) -hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine; monomethylamine, monoethylamine, dimethylamine, dipropylamine, trimethylamine , Triethylamine, tripropylamine, monomethanolamine, dimethanol , Trimethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, monoisopropanolamine, dipropanolamine, diisopropanolamine, tripropanolamine, N-methylethanolamine, dimethyl (ethanol) amine, methyldiethanolamine, dimethylaminoethanol, ethoxyethoxyethanol monoamine compounds such as
- the composition of the present invention is added to a hydrocarbon in an amount sufficient to remove a sulfur-containing compound (hydrogen sulfide, a compound containing an —SH group, or a mixture thereof).
- a sulfur-containing compound hydrogen sulfide, a compound containing an —SH group, or a mixture thereof.
- the composition of the present invention is usually added in an amount of preferably 1 to 10,000 ppm with respect to the mass of the hydrocarbon.
- the temperature at which the composition of the present invention is added to and brought into contact with the hydrocarbon to carry out the treatment is preferably in the range of 20 ° C to 200 ° C.
- composition of the present invention can be used in a suitable solvent such as toluene, xylene, heavy aromatic naphtha, petroleum distillate; monoalcohol or diol having 1 to 10 carbon atoms such as methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol; It may be used after being dissolved.
- a suitable solvent such as toluene, xylene, heavy aromatic naphtha, petroleum distillate; monoalcohol or diol having 1 to 10 carbon atoms such as methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol; It may be used after being dissolved.
- the hydrocarbon in the method for removing sulfur-containing compounds in hydrocarbons using the composition of the present invention, if the hydrocarbon is liquid, its storage tank, pipeline for transportation, distillation for purification It can be added by known means such as pouring into a tower or the like.
- the hydrocarbon is a gas
- the composition of the present invention can be placed in contact with the gas, or the gas can be passed through an absorption tower filled with the composition of the present invention. .
- ⁇ Production Example 2> [Production of 3-methylglutaraldehyde (MGL)] A mixture of 3-methylglutaraldehyde (hereinafter referred to as MGL) was prepared by the method of literature (Organic Synthesis, Vol. 34, p. 29 (1954)). The compound was diluted to be a 50% by mass aqueous solution from the viewpoint of stability and stored.
- Example 1 Into a 300 ml three-necked flask equipped with a thermometer, a dropping funnel, and a three-way cock, 4.40 g (50 mmol) of iron sulfide (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was placed. 50.0 g (100 mmol) was added dropwise at 21 ° C. over 120 minutes to generate hydrogen sulfide.
- Example 2 Add 30 mL of crude oil collected in Japan to a 100 mL autoclave equipped with a thermometer and stirrer, stir until the H 2 S concentration in the gas phase becomes constant, and then use RX-517 (manufactured by Riken Kikai). When the concentration was measured, it was 2,800 ppm. Next, a composition liquid in which PEG-200 and NL / MOL were mixed at a mass ratio of 1: 1 was added to 1% by mass with respect to the crude oil. At this time, the amount of NL / MOL added was 0.6 mmol, and the amount of H 2 S present in the apparatus was 0.05 mmol.
- Example 3 Add 30 mL of crude oil collected in Japan to a 100 mL autoclave equipped with a thermometer and stirrer, stir until the H 2 S concentration in the gas phase becomes constant, and then use RX-517 (manufactured by Riken Kikai). The concentration was measured and found to be 2,580 ppm. Next, 50 mass% MGL aqueous solution was added so that it might become 1 mass% with respect to crude oil. At this time, the amount of MGL added was 0.9 mmol, and the amount of H 2 S present in the apparatus was 0.05 mmol. Then, it heated up at 80 degreeC, stirring inside the apparatus at 800 rpm, and made it react for 5 hours. After the reaction, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, and the H 2 S concentration in the gas phase was measured. As a result, it was 70 ppm and the removal efficiency was 97.3%.
- ⁇ Comparative example 2> Add 30 mL of crude oil collected in Japan to a 100 mL autoclave equipped with a thermometer and stirrer, stir until the H 2 S concentration in the gas phase becomes constant, and then use RX-517 (manufactured by Riken Kikai). When the concentration was measured, it was 2,600 ppm. Next, 40 mass% glyoxal aqueous solution (made by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was added so that it might become 1 mass% with respect to crude oil. At this time, the amount of glyoxal added was 1.8 mmol, and the amount of H 2 S present in the apparatus was 0.04 mmol.
- ⁇ Test Example 1> For NL, MOL and glutaraldehyde, oral toxicity measurement, algae toxicity test, sludge bactericidal test and biodegradability test were performed. The test methods and results are as follows.
- Oral toxicity test> A test substance emulsified and dispersed in 2% -gum arabic aqueous solution (containing 0.5% -Tween 80) was forced to be used once a day for 14 days in 6-week-old male CRj: CD (SD) rats using an oral sonde. Administered. Body weight variation and general condition during the administration period were observed.
- the animals were fasted for 1 day from the last administration day (free drinking water), and the day after the final administration, dissection, blood collection (various blood tests), and mass measurement of major organs were performed. Further, histopathological examination (optical microscope observation of HE-stained sliced section) was also performed on the liver, kidney, spleen, and testis.
- Test substance (1) NL (GC purity: 99.7%) (2) Glutaraldehyde (water content 101 ppm, GC purity: 99.8%)
- NL GC purity: 99.7%
- Glutaraldehyde water content 101 ppm, GC purity: 99.8%
- NOEL maximum amount of no action
- an algal growth inhibition test of the test substance was performed. That is, the following test substances were diluted with a test medium to obtain a prescribed dose. A suspension of algae grown to the exponential growth phase by pre-culture was added to an initial concentration of 1 ⁇ 10 4 cells / ml. Shake culture was performed at 23 ° C. with a light irradiation type bioshaker (BioShaker BR-180LF manufactured by TAITEC), and the algae cells after 24, 48 and 72 hours from the start of the test were flow cytometer (Cell LabQuant SC manufactured by BECKMAN COULTER). The growth of each test dose was calculated with the growth of the normal control as 100%.
- ⁇ Sterilization test for sludge> Glucose, peptone and monopotassium dihydrogen phosphate 5 g each were dissolved in 1 liter of water and the pH was adjusted to 7.0 ⁇ 1.0 with sodium hydroxide.
- distilled water + bacterial liquid was designated as “bacterial liquid blank”, and distilled water alone was designated as “blank”.
- the bacterial solution prepared above and the test solution are mixed at a volume ratio of 1: 1, left in a constant temperature bath at room temperature (about 25 ° C.) for 24 hours and 48 hours, and each concentration of the test substance using the MTT method.
- the sludge influence degree in was confirmed visually.
- the MTT reagent is converted by the mitochondria of microorganisms in the sludge to form formazan and exhibit a blue color. When the microorganisms are killed, the reaction does not occur and the color is yellow.
- the degradation test of the test substance was performed with reference to the test method of OECD test guideline 301C and JIS K 6950 (ISO 14851). That is, 300 ml of an inorganic medium solution and 9 mg (30 ppm) of activated sludge obtained from the Mizushima sewage treatment plant in the Mizushima area of Kurashiki City, Okayama Prefecture, Japan are placed in a culture bottle.
- the biodegradability test was carried out at two concentrations: high concentration group: test substance 30 mg (100 ppm) and low concentration group: 9 mg (30 ppm).
- a biodegradation standard substance 30 mg (100 ppm) of aniline was used. When the biodegradation rate was 60% or more, it was judged as a good degradable substance.
- aniline which is a biodegradation standard substance, showed a biodegradation rate of 60% or more during the test period and was determined to be good degradability.
- this test system was judged to have operated normally.
- the biodegradation rates for 28 days in the NL / MOL high concentration group (100 ppm) were 88.4% and 86.8% (average: 87.6%), respectively, and judged as “good degradability”.
- the biodegradation rates for 28 days in the NL / MOL low concentration group (30 ppm) were 100.3% and 97.3% (average: 98.8%), respectively, and judged as “good degradability”.
- the 28-day biodegradation rates of the glutaraldehyde high concentration group are 52.7% and 52.5% (average: 52.6%), respectively. It was judged.
- the 28-day biodegradation rates of the low glutaraldehyde concentration group (30 ppm) were 78.5% and 77.5% (average: 78.0%), respectively, and were judged as “good degradability”.
- NL and / or MOL have low oral toxicity compared to glutaraldehyde, the results of the toxicity test on algae are good, and the biodegradability is high. Therefore, it can be seen that NL and / or MOL have higher safety in terms of environment and occupational safety than glutaraldehyde.
- ⁇ Test Example 2> ⁇ Thermal stability test> Each of the following test solutions was put into a vial, the gap was replaced with nitrogen, and the sealed one was stored at 60 ° C. The NL / MOL or glutaraldehyde content in each test solution immediately after the start of storage was 100%. Changes in content after 5 days, 12 days, and 21 days were observed with a calibration curve method by gas chromatography using an internal standard. The results are shown in Table 5.
- Test solution 1 mixture of NL and MOL (mass ratio: 92/8)
- Test solution 3 50% glutaraldehyde aqueous solution (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)
- Analytical instrument GC-14A (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation)
- Detector FID (hydrogen flame ionization detector)
- Internal reference material diglyme (diethylene glycol dimethyl ether)
- Test Solution 1 and Test Solution 2 containing NL and MOL 98% remained after 21 days, whereas in Test Solution 3 containing glutaraldehyde, the remaining amount was 62% after 21 days. Therefore, it can be seen that NL and / or MOL have higher thermal stability than the aqueous glutaraldehyde solution.
- ⁇ Test Example 3> In order to evaluate the corrosiveness of the aqueous aldehyde solution to metals, the following aqueous solutions were prepared.
- 1% glutaraldehyde aqueous solution 50% glutaraldehyde aqueous solution (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) diluted with distilled water 1% glyoxal aqueous solution: 40% glyoxal aqueous solution (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) diluted with distilled water Distilled water (blank)
- Test Example 4 In Test Example 3, the same procedure as in Test Example 3 was performed except that sealing was performed under nitrogen, and the iron ion concentration in each aqueous solution was measured. The results are shown in Table 6.
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Abstract
Description
炭化水素中の硫化水素を除去するためにアルデヒド化合物を用いることも古くから提案されている。具体的には特許文献1に、pHが2~12の範囲である水溶液中での、アルデヒド化合物と硫化水素との反応、特にホルムアルデヒド水溶液と硫化水素との反応が開示されている。以降、硫化水素を除去するためにアルデヒド化合物を用いることに関して多数の報告がなされており、例えば特許文献2では、ホルムアルデヒド、グリオキサールまたはグルタルアルデヒドなどの水溶性のアルデヒドを水溶液として、炭化水素中の硫化水素除去剤として用いている。
水溶液である硫化水素除去剤を炭化水素に単に添加するだけでは混合の観点から改善が求められ、例えば特許文献3では、上記アルデヒド類に対してソルビタンセスキオレートのようなエマルジョン化剤を添加することで、硫化水素の除去効率を向上できるとされている。また、特許文献4では重質油中の硫化水素を効率的に除去するために、水溶液である硫化水素除去剤と重質油とをスタティックミキサを備えた射出システムでエマルジョン化させている。
しかしながら、ホルムアルデヒドは変異原性物質であることがよく知られている。また、後述する試験例のとおり、グルタルアルデヒドは毒性を有しかつ難分解性であるため、これらのアルデヒドは取り扱い時の安全性や環境へ与える影響について問題がある。
[1]炭化水素中の含硫黄化合物を除去するための組成物であって、含硫黄化合物が硫化水素、-SH基を含有する化合物またはこれらの混合物であり、かつ組成物が炭素数6~16のジアルデヒドを有効成分として含有することを特徴とする、組成物。
[2]前記ジアルデヒドが1,9-ノナンジアールおよび/または2-メチル-1,8-オクタンジアールである、[1]の組成物。
[3]含硫黄化合物を除去する対象である炭化水素が、天然ガス、液化天然ガス、サワーガス、原油、ナフサ、重質芳香族ナフサ、ガソリン、ケロシン、ディーゼル油、軽油、重油、FCCスラリー、アスファルト、油田濃縮物からなる群の1つ以上である、[1]または[2]の組成物。
[4][1]~[3]のいずれかの組成物を用いて炭化水素中の含硫黄化合物を除去する方法であって、含硫黄化合物が硫化水素、-SH基を含有する化合物またはこれらの混合物である、方法。
[5]さらに含窒素化合物を用いる、[4]の方法。
[6]炭化水素が、天然ガス、液化天然ガス、サワーガス、原油、ナフサ、重質芳香族ナフサ、ガソリン、ケロシン、ディーゼル油、軽油、重油、FCCスラリー、アスファルト、油田濃縮物からなる群の1つ以上である、[4]または[5]の方法。
[7][1]~[3]のいずれかの組成物の使用量が、炭化水素の質量に対して1~10000ppmの範囲であることを特徴とする、[4]~[6]のいずれかの方法。
[8][1]~[3]のいずれかの組成物と炭化水素を20℃~200℃の範囲で接触させることを特徴とする、[4]~[7]のいずれかの方法。
[9]炭化水素中の硫化水素、-SH基を含有する化合物またはこれらの混合物である含硫黄化合物を除去するための、[1]~[3]のいずれかの組成物の使用。
本発明の組成物は好適には液状であるが、炭化水素中の含硫黄化合物を除去するために使用する形態に応じて、適宜担体などに担持させる形態での粉体、粒体などの固体状であっても良い。
なお、これら含窒素化合物が炭化水素へ添加された場合、精製においてNOx(ノックス)が発生し、環境影響への負荷が懸念される。このことを考慮すれば、含窒素化合物は添加しないことがより好ましい。
[1,9-ノナンジアール(NL)および2-メチル-1,8-オクタンジアール(MOL)の混合物の製造]
特許第2857055号公報記載の方法によって、1,9-ノナンジアール(以下、NLと称する)および2-メチル-1,8-オクタンジアール(以下、MOLと称する)の混合物を製造した。該混合物におけるNLとMOLの質量比は、NL/MOL=85/15であった。
<製造例2>
[3-メチルグルタルアルデヒド(MGL)の製造]
文献(Organic Syntheses,Vol.34,p.29(1954))の方法によって3-メチルグルタルアルデヒド(以下、MGLと称する)の混合物を製造した。該化合物については安定性の観点から50質量%水溶液となるように希釈して保管した。
温度計、滴下漏斗、三方コックを備えた容量300mlの三口フラスコに、硫化鉄(和光純薬工業株式会社製)4.40g(50mmol)を入れ、滴下漏斗から20%硫酸水溶液(和光純薬工業株式会社製)50.0g(100mmol)を21℃で120分かけて滴下し、硫化水素を発生させた。
他方で、温度計および三方コックを備え内部を窒素置換した容量5Lの三口フラスコにケロシン(和光純薬工業株式会社製)500gを入れて21℃に保ち、上記で発生させた硫化水素を三方コックを通じて吹き込み、ケロシンに吸収させた。その後、三口フラスコを密閉して同温度で60分静置して硫化水素を液相間と気相間の平衡状態とした後、三口フラスコ内部の気相中の硫化水素濃度を後述する硫化水素測定方法に従い測定したところ510ppmであった。
製造例1の方法で得たNL/MOL=85/15の混合物をケロシンの質量に対して850ppmとなるように、前記硫化水素を吹き込んで吸収させ三口フラスコ内にて気相と液相の平衡状態であるケロシンに添加し、直ちに21℃、密閉下、400rpmで攪拌した。三口フラスコ内部の気相中の硫化水素濃度を、NL/MOL添加後60分、90分および120分において前記と同様にして測定した。結果を表1に示す。三口フラスコ内部の気相中の硫化水素濃度は顕著に減少していることがわかる。
北川式ガス検知管(光明理化学工業株式会社製;硫化水素ガス検知管「120-ST」をガス採取器「AP-20」に取付けて使用)を用いてフラスコ内部の気相部を50mLサンプリングし、検知管での濃度値を気相の硫化水素濃度とした。
温度計、攪拌機を備えた100mLのオートクレーブに日本国内で採取された原油を30mL加え、気相部のH2S濃度が一定になるまで攪拌した後、RX-517(理研機器製)を用いて濃度を測定したところ2,800ppmであった。次にPEG-200とNL/MOLを質量比で1:1となるように混合した組成液を原油に対して1質量%となるように添加した。このときのNL/MOLの添加量は0.6mmolであり、装置内のH2Sの存在量は0.05mmolであった。その後、装置内を800rpmで攪拌しながら80℃に昇温し5時間反応させた。反応後に室温まで冷やし、気相部のH2S濃度を測定したところ2ppmであり、除去効率は99.9%であった。
温度計、攪拌機を備えた100mLのオートクレーブに日本国内で採取された原油を30mL加え、気相部のH2S濃度が一定になるまで攪拌した後、RX-517(理研機器製)を用いて濃度を測定したところ2,580ppmであった。次に50質量%MGL水溶液を原油に対して1質量%となるように添加した。このときのMGLの添加量は0.9mmolであり、装置内のH2Sの存在量は0.05mmolであった。その後、装置内を800rpmで攪拌しながら80℃に昇温し5時間反応させた。反応後に室温まで冷やし、気相部のH2S濃度を測定したところ70ppmであり、除去効率97.3%であった。
温度計、攪拌機を備えた100mLのオートクレーブに日本国内で採取された原油を30mL加え、気相部のH2S濃度が一定になるまで攪拌した後、RX-517(理研機器製)を用いて濃度を測定したところ2,714ppmであった。次に50質量%グルタルアルデヒド水溶液を原油に対して1質量%となるように添加した。このときのグルタルアルデヒドの添加量は1.0mmolであり、装置内のH2Sの存在量は0.05mmolであった。その後、装置内を800rpmで攪拌しながら80℃に昇温し5時間反応させた。反応後に室温まで冷やし、気相部のH2S濃度を測定したところ100ppmであり、除去効率は96.3%であった。
温度計、攪拌機を備えた100mLのオートクレーブに日本国内で採取された原油を30mL加え、気相部のH2S濃度が一定になるまで攪拌した後、RX-517(理研機器製)を用いて濃度を測定したところ2,600ppmであった。次に40質量%グリオキサール水溶液(和光純薬株式会社製)を原油に対して1質量%となるように添加した。このときのグリオキサールの添加量は1.8mmolであり、装置内のH2Sの存在量は0.04mmolであった。その後、装置内を800rpmで攪拌しながら80℃に昇温し5時間反応させた。反応後に室温まで冷やし、気相部のH2S濃度を測定したところ498ppmであり、除去効率は80.8%であった。
NL、MOLおよびグルタルアルデヒドについて、経口毒性の測定、藻類への毒性試験、汚泥への殺菌性試験、生分解性試験を行った。試験方法と結果は以下のとおりである。<経口毒性試験>
2%-アラビアゴム水溶液(0.5%-Tween80を含む)に乳化分散させた被験物質を、6週令の雄性CRj:CD(SD)ラットに経口ゾンデを用い1日1回14日間強制的に投与した。投与期間中の体重変動および一般状態を観察した。最終投与日より1日間絶食し(飲水は自由摂取)、最終投与の翌日に解剖、採血(各種血液検査)、主要臓器の質量測定を行った。また、肝・腎・脾臓・精巣については病理組織学的な検査(HE染色薄切切片の光学顕微鏡観察)も実施した。投与量は1000,250,60,15,0mg/kg/day(投与液量=1ml/100g-体重/day)で、各用量につき5匹を用いた。
被験物質:
(1)NL(GC純度:99.7%)
(2)グルタルアルデヒド(含水量101ppm,GC純度:99.8%)
試験の結果、NLについては最高投与量1000mg/kg/dayでも死亡例は認められなかった。NLは「劇物」には該当しない。本試験条件での最大無作用量(NOEL)を表2に示す。
OECDテストガイドラインNo.201を参考に被験物質の藻類生長阻害試験を実施した。すなわち、以下の被験物質を試験培地で希釈し規定の用量とした。前培養により指数増殖期まで生長させた藻類の懸濁液を初期濃度1×104cells/mlとなるよう添加した。光照射型のバイオシェーカー(TAITEC製 Bio Shaker BR-180LF)で23℃にて振とう培養し、試験開始から24,48,72時間後の藻類細胞をフローサイトメーター(BECKMAN COULTER製 Cell LabQuant SC)で計数し、正常対照の生長度を100%として各試験用量の生長度を算出した。また、生長阻害率をプロットしたグラフの近似曲線の方程式よりErC50を算出した。標準物質として二クロム酸カリウムを用いた。
藻類:Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata
被験物質:
(1)NLとMOLの混合物(GC純度:98.7%,NL/MOL=59/41)
(2)グルタルアルデヒド(含水量101ppm,GC純度:99.8%)
被験物質用量:
被験物質(1)、被験物質(2)各々について、それぞれ100,32,10,3.2,1,0.32 mg/L(公比:√10)及び0mg/L(正常対照)
標準物質:3.2,1,0.32 mg/L及び0mg/L(正常対照)
本試験における二クロム酸カリウム(標準物質)の72時間後のErC50は1.3mg/Lであり、正常対照の72時間後の生長率は93.0%であったことから、本試験は正常に稼働したと判断した。試験結果を表3に示す。
グルコース、ペプトン、リン酸二水素一カリウム各々5gを水1リットルに溶解させ、水酸化ナトリウムでpHを7.0±1.0に調整した合成下水に、日本国岡山県倉敷市水島地区の下水処理場の汚泥を乾燥質量換算で30ppmとなるように添加して菌液を調製した。一方、24wellのマイクロプレート上で、被験物質が最終濃度で1000~0.004ppm(公比=4)となるように蒸留水で10段階希釈したものを試験液とした。各濃度毎に2wellを使用した。比較対象としては、蒸留水+菌液を“菌液ブランク”、蒸留水のみを“ブランク”とした。
上記で調製した菌液と試験液を容量比1:1で混合し、常温(約25℃)の恒温槽内で24時間および48時間静置し、それぞれMTT法を用いて被験物質の各濃度における汚泥影響度を目視確認した。なお、MTT試薬は汚泥中微生物のミトコンドリアで変換され、フォルマザンを形成し青色を呈する。微生物が死滅した場合には同反応が起こらず、黄色を呈する。
被験物質:
(1)NLとMOLの混合物(GC純度:98.7%,NL/MOL=59/41)
(2)グルタルアルデヒド(含水量101ppm,GC純度:99.8%)
結果を表4に示す。
OECDテストガイドライン301C,JIS K 6950(ISO 14851)の試験方法を参考に被験物質の分解度試験を実施した。すなわち、培養ボトルに無機培地液300ml、日本国岡山県倉敷市水島地区の水島下水処理場より試験開始当日入手した活性汚泥9mg(30ppm)を入れ、被験物質は共に殺菌作用があることから汚泥への影響を加味して高濃度群:被験物質30mg(100ppm)、および低濃度群:9mg(30ppm)の2濃度で生分解性試験を実施した。
被験物質:
(1)NLとMOLの混合物(GC純度:98.7%,NL/MOL=59/41)
(2)グルタルアルデヒド(含水量101ppm,GC純度:99.8%)
クーロメーター(大倉電気3001A型)を用いて25℃で28日間培養し、被験物質の分解に消費された酸素量と被験物質の構造式より求めた理論酸素要求量を用いて生分解率を算出した。生分解標準物質としてはアニリン30mg(100ppm)を用いた。生分解率が60%以上の時、良分解性物質と判定した。被験物質の評価数はn=2とした。
NL/MOL高濃度群(100ppm)の28日間の生分解率はそれぞれ88.4%,86.8%(平均:87.6%)であり、『良分解性』と判断された。
NL/MOL低濃度群(30ppm)の28日間の生分解率はそれぞれ100.3%,97.3%(平均:98.8%)であり、『良分解性』と判断された。
グルタルアルデヒド高濃度群(100ppm)の28日間の生分解率はそれぞれ52.7%,52.5%(平均:52.6%)であり、『部分的な生分解性(難分解性)』と判断された。
グルタルアルデヒド低濃度群(30ppm)の28日間の生分解率はそれぞれ78.5%,77.5%(平均:78.0%)であり、『良分解性』と判断された。
<熱安定性試験>
以下の試験液をそれぞれバイアル瓶に入れ、空隙部を窒素置換し、密封したものを60℃で保管し、保管開始直後の各試験液におけるNL/MOL、またはグルタルアルデヒド含有量を100%とした際の5日後、12日後、21日後の含有量の変化を、内部標準を用いたガスクロマトグラフィーによる検量線法で観察した。結果を表5に示す。
試験液1:NLおよびMOLの混合物(質量比:92/8)
試験液2:NL/MOL/水=91:7:2(質量比)の混合物
試験液3:50%グルタルアルデヒド水溶液(東京化成工業株式会社製)
[ガスクロマトグラフィー分析条件]
分析機器:GC-14A(株式会社島津製作所製)
検出器:FID(水素炎イオン化型検出器)
使用カラム:G-300(長さ20m、膜厚2μm、内径1.2mm)
(化学物質評価研究機構社製)
分析条件:Inject.Temp.250℃、Detect.Temp.250℃
昇温条件:80℃→(5℃/分で昇温)→230℃
内部標準物質:ジグライム(ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル)
したがって、NLおよび/またはMOLは、グルタルアルデヒド水溶液よりも熱安定性が高いことがわかる。
アルデヒド水溶液の金属への腐食性を評価するため、下記の水溶液を用意した。
A.1%NL/MOL水溶液:NL/MOLの混合物を蒸留水で希釈
B.1%MGL水溶液:MGLを蒸留水で希釈
C.1%グルタルアルデヒド水溶液:50%グルタルアルデヒド水溶液(和光純薬工業株式会社製)を蒸留水で希釈
D.1%グリオキサール水溶液:40%グリオキサール水溶液(東京化成工業株式会社製)を蒸留水で希釈
E.蒸留水(ブランク)
試験例3において、窒素下で密閉したこと以外は試験例3と同じ手順を行い、各々の水溶液中の鉄イオン濃度を測定した。結果を表6に示す。
Claims (10)
- 炭化水素中の含硫黄化合物を除去するための組成物であって、含硫黄化合物が硫化水素、-SH基を含有する化合物またはこれらの混合物であり、かつ組成物が炭素数6~16の
ジアルデヒドを有効成分として含有することを特徴とする、組成物。 - 前記ジアルデヒドが1,9-ノナンジアールおよび/または2-メチル-1,8-オクタンジアールである、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記ジアルデヒドが3-メチルグルタルアルデヒドである、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 含硫黄化合物を除去する対象である炭化水素が、天然ガス、液化天然ガス、サワーガス、原油、ナフサ、重質芳香族ナフサ、ガソリン、ケロシン、ディーゼル油、軽油、重油、FCCスラリー、アスファルト、油田濃縮物からなる群の1つ以上である、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の組成物を用いて炭化水素中の含硫黄化合物を除去する方法であって、含硫黄化合物が硫化水素、-SH基を含有する化合物またはこれらの混合物である、方法。
- さらに含窒素化合物を用いる、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 炭化水素が、天然ガス、液化天然ガス、サワーガス、原油、ナフサ、重質芳香族ナフサ、ガソリン、ケロシン、ディーゼル油、軽油、重油、FCCスラリー、アスファルト、油田濃縮物からなる群の1つ以上である、請求項5または請求項6に記載の方法。
- 請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の組成物の使用量が、炭化水素の質量に対して1~10000ppmの範囲であることを特徴とする、請求項5~7のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の組成物と炭化水素を20℃~200℃の範囲で接触させることを特徴とする、請求項5~8のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 炭化水素中の硫化水素、-SH基を含有する化合物またはこれらの混合物である含硫黄化合物を除去するための、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の組成物の使用。
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BR112016019998B1 (pt) | 2021-07-13 |
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EP3121251A4 (en) | 2017-10-25 |
RU2016136673A (ru) | 2018-04-19 |
TW201540653A (zh) | 2015-11-01 |
BR112016019998A2 (pt) | 2017-08-15 |
JPWO2015141535A1 (ja) | 2017-04-06 |
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