WO2015115623A1 - 周期性外乱抑制制御装置 - Google Patents
周期性外乱抑制制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015115623A1 WO2015115623A1 PCT/JP2015/052767 JP2015052767W WO2015115623A1 WO 2015115623 A1 WO2015115623 A1 WO 2015115623A1 JP 2015052767 W JP2015052767 W JP 2015052767W WO 2015115623 A1 WO2015115623 A1 WO 2015115623A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B13/00—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion
- G05B13/02—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric
- G05B13/04—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators
- G05B13/042—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators in which a parameter or coefficient is automatically adjusted to optimise the performance
- G05B13/045—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators in which a parameter or coefficient is automatically adjusted to optimise the performance using a perturbation signal
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B13/00—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion
- G05B13/02—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric
- G05B13/0265—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric the criterion being a learning criterion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B5/00—Anti-hunting arrangements
- G05B5/01—Anti-hunting arrangements electric
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/01—Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/40—Arrangements for reducing harmonics
Definitions
- the present invention relates to suppression of periodic disturbance by a periodic disturbance observer with a learning function, and more particularly to periodic disturbance suppression control that realizes a stable control system even when the actual system has a large state change.
- Patent Document 1 is disclosed as a method for learning and correcting the reciprocal.
- a harmonic frequency component is extracted for each order in a power system active filter control system whose system current is a control target, and a frequency transfer function from a harmonic suppression command value of each order to a harmonic detection value.
- This is a method that automatically learns (including detector, control computation dead time, impedance characteristics, etc. collectively) and estimates and suppresses currents including harmonics that are periodic disturbances, and does not require prior system identification.
- it is possible to construct a power active filter control system with high robustness.
- FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram of a typical power distribution system existing in the past.
- the distribution network for supplying power from the system power supply 1 to each of the consumers Feeder1, Feeder2,... It is installed.
- phase advance capacitor 3b is switched by the switch SW3 of the consumer Feeder1.
- FIG. 12 is a circuit configuration showing a control model of the parallel type active filter AF of the power supply current detection method and a configuration example of the control device.
- the actual impedance of the system 4 and the loads 2a, 2b,..., 2n (n is a natural number) is unknown, and the amount of harmonic generation also changes due to load fluctuations.
- the voltage at the grid connection point is v S
- the current at the grid connection point is i S
- the active filter current is i AF
- the active filter input current is i AFi
- the active filter DC voltage is V dc
- the load current (total) is defined as i L. The inside of the active filter control system will be described later.
- the active filter input current i AF and the load current (total) i L are detected and added together in the controller to correspond to the grid connection point current i S.
- a configuration is of course possible.
- the order of harmonics that are problematic beyond the guideline value is limited to, for example, the fifth order and the seventh order. Therefore, frequency components of the specific order are extracted and compensated for each order.
- FIG. 13 shows a basic configuration diagram of an active filter control system as an example of the first embodiment.
- an AC voltage phase ⁇ is detected from a grid connection point voltage v S by a PLL (Phase Locked Loop) 11.
- PLL Phase Locked Loop
- a dq axis orthogonal rotation coordinate system synchronized with the AC voltage phase ⁇ as a reference phase is constructed, and current vector control is performed on the dq axis.
- the d-axis current command value I * d and the q-axis current command value I * q of the periodic disturbance suppression current command value are generated by a periodic disturbance observer (periodic disturbance suppression control device) 12 to be described later, and the d-axis current command value A current I * dc for controlling the active filter DC voltage Vdc to be constant is added to I * d .
- the constant control of the active filter DC voltage V dc is realized by the PI controller 13 to follow the active filter DC voltage command value V * dc .
- the detection value of the active filter input current i AFi is converted into the d-axis current detection value I d and the q-axis current detection value I q by the dq rotation coordinate conversion unit 14 synchronized with the frequency component of the AC voltage phase ⁇ , respectively.
- a deviation between the current command value I * d and the q-axis current command value I * q is calculated, and the d-axis voltage command value V * d and the q-axis voltage command value V * q are generated by the PI controllers 15d and 15q.
- FIG. 14 is a control configuration diagram of the periodic disturbance observer 12 for the harmonics of the nth-order frequency component.
- n n -axis current detection value i Sdn and q n- axis current detection value i Sqn the n order extracted as a specific order appears as a DC component, and frequency components other than the n order appear as fluctuation components.
- D n -axis current value I Sdn , q n -axis current value I Sqn which are DC component periodic disturbance current detection values synchronized with d n q n rotation coordinates via LPFs (Low-Pass Filters) 22 d and 22 q shown in FIG. To extract.
- the order and type can be changed according to the situation such as noise at the time of pulsating component extraction.
- Fourier transform or the like can be used.
- the periodic disturbance detection unit 30 is configured by the dq rotation coordinate conversion unit 21 and the LPFs 22d and 22q.
- the transfer characteristic P n of the real system of the n- th order component d n q n coordinate axis is the d n -axis component P dn can real part, represent q n -axis component P qn a one-dimensional complex vector was imaginary portion.
- This means frequency transfer characteristics up to i Sn ( i Sdn + ji Sqn ), and controls not only the impedance characteristics to be controlled but also disturbances of circuit characteristics such as inverter control characteristics, calculation delay, dead time, and current detection delay. It becomes generalized including the transfer characteristics of peripheral devices (such as detectors) related to the device and control.
- the disturbance current dI n can be canceled out.
- FIG. 14 is an expansion of the basic configuration of FIG. 15 to active filter control of the d n q n coordinate axes.
- FIG. 14 shows periodic disturbance suppression that can suppress periodic disturbance by a learning function using the reciprocal Q n of the transfer characteristics.
- d n-axis current command value I * dn of the current command value I * qn is obtained.
- the product of the periodic disturbance current detection values I sdn and I sqn and the reciprocal Q dn + jQ qn of the transfer characteristic of the actual system is calculated and added.
- 24d and 24q are added to calculate estimated values I ⁇ dn and I ⁇ qn of the actual system input current.
- the reciprocals Q dn and Q qn of the transfer characteristics of the actual system are detected values of the grid connection point current from the d-axis current command value I * d and the q-axis current command value I * q of the periodic disturbance suppression current command value (input (Signal detection value) is the reciprocal of the transfer characteristic up to i s . Thereby, transfer characteristics such as phase delay can be canceled.
- the reciprocal numbers Q dn and Q qn of the transfer characteristics are corrected by the learning control unit 29 based on the harmonic current detection values i Sdn and i Sqn .
- the integrator 23, the adder 24, the LPF 25, and the adder 26 constitute a periodic disturbance estimation unit.
- the learning control unit 29 will be described later.
- Disturbance is obtained by taking the deviation of two signals.
- periodic disturbance suppression current command value I * dn which I * qn passes the real system, the inverse Q dn transfer characteristics of the real system, canceling the transfer characteristics of the real system over the product of the Q qn (I ⁇ dn , I ⁇ qn ).
- the periodic disturbance suppression current command values I * dn and I * qn do not pass through the actual system, and only the LPFs 25d and 25q are applied.
- the above (1) is a signal on which disturbances on the actual system are superimposed, and (2) is just applying LPFs 25d and 25q to the periodic disturbance suppression current command values I * dn and I * qn , including disturbances. There is no signal.
- the periodic disturbance current estimated values dI ⁇ dn and dI ⁇ qn can be obtained.
- adders 27d and 27q take deviations between the estimated periodic disturbance current values dI ⁇ dn and dI ⁇ qn obtained above and the periodic disturbance current command values dI * dn and dI * qn .
- periodic disturbance current command values dI * dn and dI * qn are set to 0 in order to suppress the disturbance to “0”.
- periodic disturbance suppression current command values I * dn and I * qn are obtained. Further, the periodic disturbance suppression current command values I * dn and I * qn are subjected to LPF processing by the LPFs 25d and 25q and compared with the input current estimated values I ⁇ dn and I ⁇ qn of the actual system, and the periodic disturbance currents are compared. Used to estimate the estimated values dI ⁇ dn and dI ⁇ qn .
- the transfer characteristic P n of the actual system is a time-varying parameter. Therefore, the influence of the model error Q ⁇ n ⁇ Q n which is the reciprocal of the transfer characteristic P n of the actual system on the stability of the periodic disturbance observer 12 will be considered.
- Equation (9) Substituting equation (9) into equation (8) and rearranging results in equation (10).
- the periodic disturbance response transfer function is C n (s).
- the representative pole in A n > 1 is determined by the cutoff frequency w f of the LPF, it can be controlled by A n > 1 as a kind of observer gain for the purpose of improving the quick response.
- the robust stability condition is considered in the transfer function (12) in the discrete system.
- phase error phi n If there is no phase error phi n, stability margin is maximized with respect to the amplitude error A n. As the phase error ⁇ n increases, the stability decreases and becomes unstable outside the range of equation (11). In the stable region stable region, the amplitude error An can be increased to improve the speed response of periodic disturbance suppression. However, in actual operation, the model error variation due to system impedance variation, etc. is taken into account and sufficient stability margin is provided. It is also necessary to secure and set this.
- the method of correcting the reciprocal Q n of the transfer characteristic in Patent Document 1 can perform correction (learning correction) in which the model (parameter) error of the periodic disturbance observer follows the actual system state change.
- correction learning correction
- it does not take into account the stagnation of divergence conditions and harmonic changes in harmonic relationship between the amplitude error A n and the phase error phi n of the inverse model Q ⁇ n when the state change of the actual system is large (FIG. 16 ) Is out of the range of robust stability conditions, and stability and convergence are problems.
- the (10) in the range of amplitude error A n ⁇ 1 as shown by the equation, response of depends on the characteristics of the amplitude error A n learning correction problem.
- the periodic disturbance suppression control device even when the actual system state change is large, it is sequentially corrected while estimating the inverse model of the transfer characteristic of the actual system, thereby realizing a stable control system. Is a problem.
- the present invention has been devised in view of the above-described conventional problems, and one aspect thereof is a periodic disturbance suppression control device that outputs a periodic disturbance to be controlled as a periodic disturbance detection value of a DC component.
- the periodic disturbance detection value obtained by the periodic disturbance detection unit, and an accumulator using a reciprocal of the transfer characteristic from the periodic disturbance suppression command value determined based on the transfer characteristic of the control system to the periodic disturbance detection value.
- the periodic disturbance estimator that estimates the periodic disturbance by taking the difference between the multiplied signal and the signal obtained by adding only the detection delay to the periodic disturbance suppression command value, and the periodic disturbance estimator
- the difference between the estimated periodic disturbance value and the periodic disturbance command value that suppresses disturbance is calculated by calculating the difference between one sample of the periodic disturbance suppression command value and an adder that calculates the periodic disturbance suppression command value.
- Difference between samples of periodic disturbance detection value Depending on the division value, characterized by comprising a learning control unit that corrects the reciprocal of the transfer characteristics.
- the periodic disturbance suppression command value is superimposed on the command value of the power conversion device connected to the system bus of the power source to suppress the periodic disturbance.
- the learning control unit uses an average value between control periods of a periodic disturbance observer for the periodic disturbance detection value and the periodic disturbance suppression command value.
- the learning control unit stops learning control when the difference between one sample in the average value of the periodic disturbance detection values is equal to or less than a threshold value, and outputs the reciprocal of the transfer characteristic immediately before the stop. It is characterized by doing.
- the learning control unit may output a filter through the output.
- a limiter that limits the amplitude with respect to the periodic disturbance suppression command value may be provided.
- the periodic disturbance suppression control device may be parallelized to suppress multiple orders of harmonics.
- a periodic disturbance suppression control device even when a change in the state of the actual system is large, correction can be performed while sequentially estimating an inverse model of the transfer characteristic of the actual system, and a stable control system can be realized. It becomes.
- FIG. 1 The control block diagram which shows the periodic disturbance observer with respect to the harmonic of the n-th frequency component in Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a learning control unit according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a learning control unit according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating a learning control unit according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating a learning control unit according to a fourth embodiment.
- FIG. FIG. 1 The figure which shows the periodic disturbance suppression control apparatus in Embodiment 5.
- FIG. 10 is a control configuration diagram showing a periodic disturbance observer for harmonics of an nth-order frequency component in the sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a limiter according to a sixth embodiment. The figure which shows the periodic disturbance suppression control apparatus in Embodiment 7.
- FIG. The conceptual diagram which shows an example of a power distribution system.
- the circuit block diagram which shows the control model of the parallel type active filter of a power supply current detection system.
- the control block diagram which shows the periodic disturbance observer with respect to the harmonic of an nth-order frequency component.
- Graph showing model error stable boundary conditions.
- the active filter AF is described as an application example as an embodiment in which the error between the control form of the actual system and the periodic disturbance observer is sequentially corrected and controlled by the observer inverse model.
- a parallel type active filter AF for power distribution system and power supply current detection will be described as a representative example, but it is suggested that other device configurations can be used with the same control method. Keep it.
- a load current detection type active filter AF, a voltage detection type active filter AF, or a periodic disturbance suppression control device that compensates for power supply voltage distortion instead of current distortion may be used.
- the learning control described in the first embodiment (correction control of the inverse model Q ⁇ n following the actual system state change) is an auxiliary function for the purpose of preventing deterioration of control performance and instability of the periodic disturbance observer 12. Therefore, high-speed computation is not required as compared with the harmonic suppression control period.
- Figure 1 shows the configuration of a periodic disturbance observer with a learning function.
- the input / output relationship of the real system shown in FIG. 15 is expressed by the equation (15) in each sample.
- the difference ⁇ P n [N] of the transfer characteristic of the actual system between one sample of the learning control period T L , the difference ⁇ dI n [N] of the periodic disturbance current, and the difference ⁇ I * n [of the harmonic suppression current command value N] and the difference ⁇ I Sn [N] between the harmonic current detection values are defined as follows.
- the first embodiment aims to suppress harmonics in the power system.
- FIG. 1 A block diagram of the learning control unit 29 in FIG. 1 is shown in FIG.
- the previous sample values I Sdn [N-1] , I Sqn [N-1] , I * dn [N-1] , I * qn [N-1] delayed by one sample via the delay circuit Z -1 Is substituted into the inverse model estimation formula in the n-th order harmonic of the d-axis and q-axis of the Nth sample in the formula (21).
- the estimated inverse models Q ⁇ dn [N] and Q ⁇ qn [N] are sequentially applied to the integrators 23da, 23db, 23qa, and 23qb of the periodic disturbance observer.
- the real system sequentially follows the state change. Since the inverse models Q ⁇ dn [N] and Q ⁇ qn [N] of the transfer characteristics can be corrected while being estimated, an extremely stable control system can be realized. In addition, even if the power system impedance to be controlled fluctuates during harmonic suppression control operation, the inverse models Q ⁇ dn [N] and Q ⁇ qn [N] of the actual system transfer characteristics are corrected correctly immediately. There is an advantage that the harmonic suppression operation can be automatically continued.
- the periodic disturbance observer 12 In addition to the robust stability of the periodic disturbance observer 12 that is the basic control method, even if the transfer characteristic P n of the actual system fluctuates and enters an operating region outside the robust stability range, the periodic disturbance observer 12 By automatically correcting the model, it is possible to stabilize the entire operating region.
- the suffix K means the Kth sampling of the periodic disturbance observer.
- FIG. 3 shows a configuration diagram of the second embodiment.
- the input / output relationship of the actual system is expressed by equation (25).
- the difference between signals in one sample (Nth sample and N ⁇ 1th sample) of the learning control period TL is defined as follows.
- Equation (28) is obtained.
- FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of the learning control unit 29 in FIG.
- Estimate Q ⁇ dn of the estimated inverse model [N] Q ⁇ qn [ N] is the integrator 23da of the periodic disturbance observer 12, 23db, 23qa, sequentially applied to 23Qb.
- the reciprocals Q dn and Q qn of the periodic disturbance observer 12 can be estimated at high speed.
- the third embodiment uses means for preventing zero percent in addition to the first and second embodiments.
- the denominator den is indicated by the difference between one sample of the d-axis component and the difference between one sample of the q-axis component in the average value of the harmonic current detection value i Sn . Therefore, it means that the denominator den becomes zero when there is no change in the harmonic current detection value i Sn between one sample of the learning control period T L.
- the zero-division calculation of the estimation equations for obtaining the estimated values Q ⁇ dn [N] and Q ⁇ qn [N] of the inverse model is prevented, and the learning of the model is performed under the operating condition in which the zero-division occurs.
- the function is stopped, and estimated values Q ⁇ dn [N] and Q ⁇ qn [N] of the inverse model immediately before stopping can be held and output.
- the type of the filter 48 is not particularly limited. However, if processing such as a low-pass filter, a moving average filter, or a change rate limit that does not affect the speed response of the estimation result of the observer model is performed, a sudden change of the observer model to be applied is performed. It is possible to suppress and gently follow the correct observer model.
- the control configuration of the periodic disturbance observer 12 of the first to fourth embodiments is parallelized, and a plurality of harmonic components (for example, ⁇ 5th, 7th,... , Nth order component).
- the inside of the periodic disturbance observer 12 of each order is the same as that shown in the first to fourth embodiments.
- D-axis and q-axis components I * d5 , I * d7 , ..., I * dn , I * q5 , I * q7 , ..., I * qn of each harmonic suppression command value are added together to suppress harmonics.
- the command value is d-axis current command value I * d and q-axis current command I * q .
- the sixth embodiment proposes a model learning function and a harmonic suppression method of the periodic disturbance observer 12 in a state where the harmonic suppression current command value is saturated.
- the harmonic suppression current command values (before the limiter) I ′ dn and I ′ qn of the periodic disturbance observer 12 controlled and designed by the order of each harmonic are as shown in FIG.
- a limiter 32 for limiting the command value amplitude is installed.
- the learning control unit 29 uses the configuration of FIG. 2, but the harmonic current suppression command values I * dn and I * qn use values after the limiter.
- the limiter 32 for limiting the harmonic suppression current command value (limiter before) I 'dn, I' qn amplitude only at the desired limit value Lim n.
- the phases of the harmonic suppression current command values I * dn and I * qn are not limited, and can be freely changed even if the amplitude is limited by the limiter 32.
- the learning control function described above is based on the harmonic suppression current command values I * dn and I * qn and the periodic disturbance current detection values I Sdn and I Sqn or the harmonic current detection values i Sdn and i Sqn on the d n q n coordinates.
- the model Q ⁇ n of the periodic disturbance observer 12 can be estimated. Therefore, if the phase is changed even if the amplitude is limited, the estimation of the inverse model Q ⁇ n of the periodic disturbance observer 12 by the learning control function can be continued even during the limiter process.
- This automatically searches for a harmonic suppression current phase that can suppress the highest harmonic within an amplitude-limited range, and can be effectively suppressed. Even if the amplitude and phase characteristics of the system and harmonic components change during operation, the inverse model Q ⁇ n of the periodic disturbance observer 12 can be correctly followed.
- FIG. 32 An example of mounting the limiter 32 is shown in FIG. This is just an example, and any mounting form may be adopted as long as only the amplitude is limited.
- An amplitude ⁇ I ′ dn 2 + I ′ qn 2 is obtained from the harmonic suppression current command value (before limiter) I ′ dn and I ′ qn by the amplitude calculation unit 51.
- the comparator 52 compares the magnitude of the amplitude ⁇ I 'dn 2 + I' qn 2 and desired limit values Lim n, divides the limit value Lim n by the divider 53 with the value of the larger.
- the limiting ratio is output, so that the multiplication units 54 and 55 multiply the respective n-order harmonic suppression current command values I ′ dn and I ′ qn by the ratios to obtain the final n-order harmonic suppression current command.
- the values I * dn and I * qn are output.
- the control configuration of the periodic disturbance observer 12 is parallelized to generate harmonic components of a plurality of orders (for example, ⁇ 5th order, 7th order,..., Nth order component). It corresponds.
- the inside of the periodic disturbance observer 12 of each order is the same as that shown in FIG. D-axis of each order harmonic suppression command value, q-axis component I * d5, I * d7, ..., I * dn, I * q5, I * q7, ..., by summing I * qn respectively, periodic disturbance
- the d-axis current command value I * d and the q-axis current command I * q are the suppression command values.
- the seventh embodiment in addition to the function and effect of the sixth embodiment, it is possible to simultaneously suppress the harmonic components of a plurality of orders.
- the limiter value of each order can be set individually and arbitrarily. For example, since higher-order harmonic components have high impedance, the inverter voltage required when generating the harmonic suppression current also increases and voltage saturation is likely. Therefore, by setting the limit value of the high-order component low, it is possible to perform processing such as emphasizing the suppression of the low-order harmonic component by suppressing the ratio of suppression of the high-order harmonic component.
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Abstract
Description
(1)周期性外乱抑制電流指令値I* dn,I* qnが実システムを通り、実システムの伝達特性の逆数Qdn,Qqnとの積をかけて実システムの伝達特性を打ち消したもの(I^dn,I^qn)。
(2)周期性外乱抑制電流指令値I* dn,I* qnが実システムを通らず、LPF25d,25qだけを適用したもの。
次に、モデル誤差の影響について考察する。
実施形態1に記載する学習制御(実システムの状態変化に追従する逆モデルQ^nの補正制御)は、周期外乱オブザーバ12の制御性能劣化・不安定化の防止を目的とした補助的機能であるため、高調波抑制制御周期と比較して高速な演算を必要としない。例えば、高調波ベクトル軌跡の演算負荷を考慮し、周期外乱オブザーバ12の演算周期Ts=100[μs]に対して、学習制御周期TL=20[ms](50Hz系統基本波周期)に設定する。
実施形態1では、(2)式のLPFGF(S)を介して抽出した脈動周波数成分ISnを高調波電流検出値として、(21)式のNサンプル目のd軸とq軸のn次高調波における逆モデル推定式に代入した。LPFGF(S)には応答遅れがあるため、実システムの伝達特性Pnの変動に対する(21)式の推定も遅れることになる。そこで、本実施形態2では学習制御用の高調波電流検出手法として、(22)式に示す学習制御周期TLの高調波電流平均値i ̄Snを用いる。
例えば、実施形態2の(31)式の逆モデル推定式では、分母がゼロになるとゼロ割が発生して演算ができない。そこで、本実施形態3では、実施形態1,2に加えて、ゼロ割を防止する手段を用いる。
実際のシステムでは計測ノイズ等があり、オブザーバモデルの推定結果をそのまま周期外乱オブザーバの逆モデルQ^dn[N],Q^qn[N]に適用すると、予期
せぬ制御動作に繋がる可能性がある。そこで、図6に示すように、本実施形態4では実施形態3に加えて、オブザーバモデルの推定結果の出力部に、任意のフィルタ48を施す。
本実施形態5は、図7に示すように実施形態1~4の周期外乱オブザーバ12の制御構成を並列化して、複数の次数の高調波成分(例えば、-5次,7次,・・・,n次成分)に対応したものである。
実際に電力変換装置をアクティブフィルタとして機能させる際の注意点として、電力変換装置の容量を超える高調波電流を補償することはできない。電力系統に接続されるアクティブフィルタでは、出力可能な限り高調波抑制電流を供給可能であるが、その場合は高調波抑制電流指令値I* dn,I* qnが飽和した状態で動作することになる。そこで、本実施形態6では、高調波抑制電流指令値が飽和した状態における周期外乱オブザーバ12のモデル学習機能および高調波抑制方法を提案する。
本実施形態7は、図10に示すように周期外乱オブザーバ12の制御構成を並列化して、複数の次数の高調波成分(例えば、-5次,7次,・・・,n次成分)に対応したものである。
Claims (7)
- 周期性外乱抑制制御装置であって、
制御対象の周期性外乱を直流成分の周期性外乱検出値として出力する周期性外乱検出部と、
制御系の伝達特性に基づいて決定された周期性外乱抑制指令値から周期性外乱検出値までの伝達特性の逆数を用いた積算器で前記周期性外乱検出値を掛けた信号と、周期性外乱抑制指令値に検出遅延のみを付加した信号と、の差を取ることにより、周期性外乱を推定する周期性外乱推定部と、
前記周期性外乱推定部によって推定された周期性外乱推定値と、外乱を抑制する周期性外乱指令値と、の偏差をとって周期性外乱抑制指令値を算出する加算器と、
周期性外乱抑制指令値の1サンプル間の差分を周期性外乱検出値の1サンプル間の差分で除算した値に応じて、前記伝達特性の逆数を補正する学習制御部と、
を備えた周期性外乱抑制制御装置。 - 電源の系統母線に接続された電力変換装置の指令値に、周期性外乱抑制指令値を重畳して周期性外乱を抑制する請求項1記載の周期性外乱抑制制御装置。
- 前記学習制御部において、
前記周期性外乱検出値および周期性外乱抑制指令値に、周期外乱オブザーバの制御周期間の平均値を用いる請求項1または2記載の周期性外乱抑制制御装置。 - 前記学習制御部は、
周期性外乱検出値の平均値における1サンプル間の差分が閾値以下となった場合、学習制御を停止し、停止直前の伝達特性の逆数を出力する請求項1~3のうち何れか1項に記載の周期性外乱抑制制御装置。 - 前記学習制御部は、
前記伝達特性の逆数の急変を抑制するフィルタを設けた請求項1~4のうち何れか1項に記載の周期性外乱抑制制御装置。 - 周期性外乱抑制指令値の振幅が制限値よりも大きい場合、周期性外乱抑制指令値の振幅を制限するリミッタを設けた請求項1~5のうち何れか1項に記載の周期性外乱抑制制御装置。
- 前記周期性外乱抑制制御装置を並列化して、複数次数の周期性外乱を抑制する請求項1~6のうち何れか1項に記載の周期性外乱抑制制御装置。
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