WO2015114958A1 - 発光ダイオード駆動装置及び照明装置 - Google Patents
発光ダイオード駆動装置及び照明装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015114958A1 WO2015114958A1 PCT/JP2014/082733 JP2014082733W WO2015114958A1 WO 2015114958 A1 WO2015114958 A1 WO 2015114958A1 JP 2014082733 W JP2014082733 W JP 2014082733W WO 2015114958 A1 WO2015114958 A1 WO 2015114958A1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
- F21V7/22—Reflectors for light sources characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings, e.g. dichroic reflectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/10—Controlling the intensity of the light
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/30—Driver circuits
- H05B45/32—Pulse-control circuits
- H05B45/325—Pulse-width modulation [PWM]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/30—Driver circuits
- H05B45/345—Current stabilisation; Maintaining constant current
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/50—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits
- H05B45/59—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits for reducing or suppressing flicker or glow effects
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
- H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
- F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/30—Driver circuits
- H05B45/305—Frequency-control circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/50—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
- Y02B20/40—Control techniques providing energy savings, e.g. smart controller or presence detection
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a light emitting diode driving device and a lighting device.
- the backlight used in so-called liquid crystal TV includes an LED chip that emits blue light as primary light, a red phosphor that emits red light as secondary light when excited by the blue light, And a green phosphor that emits green light.
- the backlight emits white light by mixing blue light, green light, and red light.
- CASN phosphor divalent Eu-activated CaAlSiN 3
- CASN phosphor a divalent Eu-activated CaAlSiN 3 that is a nitride-based phosphor that emits red light and a green phosphor that emits green light are emitted blue light.
- a light-emitting element that is excited by a blue LED and exhibits white light is disclosed.
- an Eu-activated ⁇ -type SiAlON phosphor disclosed in Patent Document 2 has been suitably used conventionally.
- the wavelength width of the emission spectrum of the red phosphor is 80 nm or more, and thus red color reproducibility is not sufficient.
- KSF phosphor Mn 4+ activated K 2 SiF 6
- liquid crystal TVs draw images at 60 Hz, 120 Hz, or 240 Hz, which are integer multiples of the frame frequency of the video signal.
- the LED can be turned on and off at high speed, it is possible to realize a display in which the backlight is temporarily turned off and unnecessary images are not shown to the user.
- the feeling of afterimage can be reduced by temporarily turning off the backlight while rewriting the image of the next frame on the LCD screen.
- 3D (3D) display is performed using the frame sequential method in which the video for the right eye and the video for the left eye are displayed alternately, the backlight is temporarily turned off until the video has been drawn on the entire screen. It is possible to reduce video (crosstalk) in which pictures of the right eye and left eye are mixed.
- the PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) drive method that repeats turning on and off is used as the LED drive method used for the backlight, but the timing of turning on and off is applied to the liquid crystal panel. Since it is performed in synchronization with drawing, the PWM period is often 60 Hz, 120 Hz, or 240 Hz, which is an integral multiple of the frame frequency of the video signal.
- the red phosphor (KSF phosphor) described in Patent Document 3 When the red phosphor (KSF phosphor) described in Patent Document 3 is used, light emission having a narrow spectrum can be obtained and the color reproducibility can be improved.
- the KSF phosphor has an emission intensity of 1 / e (e Is about 10 [ms], which is about 100 to 1000 times longer than the afterglow time of the CASN phosphor.
- the LED when the LED is turned on / off at a dimming frequency (PWM dimming) synchronized with the display on the liquid crystal panel, as shown in FIG. 19, the blue light that is a rectangular wave from the LED chip is turned off. Even after that, there is red light afterglow from the KSF phosphor that is excited and emitted by the blue light from the LED chip. Due to the afterglow of red light from the KSF phosphor, problems such as a phenomenon that the display image appears to be colored and a so-called crosstalk phenomenon in which the left and right images are mixed during 3D display occur. This crosstalk occurs remarkably in, for example, a video in which telop characters flow on the screen, and a part of the telop appears to be colored red.
- PWM dimming dimming frequency
- FIG. 19 shows the response waveform of the KSF phosphor when the backlight is driven at a PWM drive frequency of 120 Hz and a duty of 25%.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to obtain a light emitting diode driving device and an illumination device in which the afterglow of secondary light is reduced.
- a light-emitting diode driving device is driven by a driving current that changes in accordance with a rectangular wave signal level, and emits primary light having a luminance corresponding to the driving current.
- a light-emitting diode chip that emits light, and a phosphor that emits secondary light when excited by the primary light, emits mixed-color light of the primary light and the secondary light, and the light emission A first output circuit and a second output circuit connected to a diode chip and connected to the output terminal of the light emitting diode from which the drive current is output, respectively, wherein the first output circuit includes the rectangular wave When the signal level of the rectangular wave is “H”, the light emitting diode chip is caused to emit light by outputting the first current from the output terminal, while the driving is stopped when the signal level of the rectangular wave is “L”.
- the second output circuit causes the light emitting diode chip to emit light by outputting a second current having a current value lower than the first current from the output terminal when the signal level of the rectangular wave is “L”. It is characterized by.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an LED drive circuit according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. (A) is a top view which expands and shows a part of illuminating device using LED which concerns on Embodiment 1
- (b) is sectional drawing of the illuminating device shown to (a).
- 1 is a cross-sectional view of an LED according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a figure showing the emission spectrum of KSF fluorescent substance. It is a figure showing the emission spectrum of a CASN fluorescent substance.
- It is a block diagram showing the structure of the LED drive circuit which concerns on a 1st comparative example.
- (A) represents the PWM signal according to the first and second comparative examples
- (b) represents the IF signal according to the first and second comparative examples
- (c) represents the first and second comparative examples.
- (A) represents a PWM signal related to the LED drive circuit of the first embodiment
- (b) represents an IF signal related to the LED drive circuit of the first embodiment
- (c) represents a state of light emission of the LED related to the LED drive circuit of the first embodiment.
- FIG. It is a figure showing the relationship between offset current and afterglow. It is a figure showing the relationship between offset current and animation performance improvement.
- 6 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an LED drive circuit according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an LED drive circuit according to Embodiment 3.
- FIG. FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an LED drive circuit according to a fourth embodiment.
- A) represents the first PWM signal PWM of the LED drive circuit according to the fourth embodiment
- (b) represents the second PWM signal PWM of the LED drive circuit according to the fourth embodiment
- (c) represents the LED drive circuit according to the fourth embodiment.
- D represents the state of light emission of the LED of the LED drive circuit according to the fourth embodiment.
- It is a block diagram showing the structure of the LED drive circuit which concerns on embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the value of each signal used with the LED drive circuit which concerns on each embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an LED drive circuit that is a modification of the LED drive circuit according to the second embodiment.
- Embodiment 1 Hereinafter, Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described in detail.
- FIG. 1 is an enlarged plan view showing a part of the illumination device 71 using the LED 11 according to Embodiment 1
- FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view of the illumination device 71 shown in FIG.
- the lighting device 71 includes a substrate 72, a plurality of LEDs 11, and a light guide plate 75.
- the lighting device 71 also includes an LED drive circuit unit (see FIG. 1) not shown in FIG. 2 in order to control driving of the plurality of LEDs 11.
- the light guide plate 75 is a transparent member that is rectangular in its entirety and has a predetermined thickness.
- the light guide plate 75 has a structure capable of extracting light from each part of the light emitting surface 75b so as to emit light incident from the light incident part 75a in a planar shape, and is formed of a transparent material such as acrylic. Yes.
- the end surface on one side of the light guide plate 75 functions as a light incident portion 75a on which light is incident.
- the substrate 72 is formed in an elongated rectangle (strip shape).
- printed wiring (not shown) for supplying power to the LEDs 11 is formed on a mounting surface on which the plurality of LEDs 11 are mounted.
- a positive terminal and a negative terminal (not shown) connected to the printed wiring are provided at both ends or one end of the substrate 72.
- the LED 11 is fed by connecting wiring for feeding power from the outside to the positive terminal and the negative terminal.
- a plurality of LEDs 11 are mounted on the substrate 72 in a line along the longitudinal direction of the substrate 72.
- the plurality of LEDs 11 are connected in series along the longitudinal direction of the substrate 72.
- the substrate 72 and the LED 11 constitute a light source unit 77.
- the light emitting surfaces of the plurality of LEDs 11 are light incident so that the light emitted from the LED chips (light emitting diode chips) 13 of the plurality of LEDs 11 enters the light incident unit 75 a of the light guide plate 75. It is disposed at a position facing the portion 75 a and close to the light guide plate 75.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an LED drive circuit 30 according to the first embodiment.
- the LED drive circuit 30 includes an anode voltage generation circuit 1, a constant current circuit 2 having a first output circuit 5, a PWM signal generation circuit (PWM signal generation unit) 3, a second output circuit 6, and an LED 11. ing.
- the first output circuit 5 includes a switching element 4.
- the second output circuit 6 includes a resistor 7.
- the LED 11 includes an anode 11A that is an input terminal for a forward current that flows through the LED chip 13 and a cathode 11C that is an output terminal for outputting the forward current that flows through the LED chip 13 to the outside of the LED 11.
- the LED drive circuit 30 has a plurality of LEDs 11, and each LED 11 is connected in series or in parallel. Note that the LED drive circuit 30 may have only one LED 11.
- the LED 11 receives an anode voltage signal from the anode voltage generation circuit 1 and emits white light when IF (forward current (drive current)) flows through the LED chip 13.
- IF forward current (drive current)
- the anode voltage generation circuit 1 is a circuit that outputs an anode voltage signal necessary for lighting the LED 11.
- the anode voltage generation circuit 1 supplies the generated anode voltage signal to the anode 11A of the LED 11, thereby supplying a VF (forward voltage) value necessary for the LED 11 to light.
- the constant current circuit 2 is connected to the PWM signal generation circuit 3, the cathode 11C of the LED 11, and the second output circuit 6.
- the PWM signal generation circuit 3 is connected to the constant current circuit 2 and to the switching element 4 that is the first output circuit 5.
- the anode voltage generation circuit 1 is connected to the constant current circuit 2 and the anode 11 ⁇ / b> A of the LED 11.
- the LED 11 has an anode 11 ⁇ / b> A connected to the anode voltage generation circuit 1, a cathode 11 ⁇ / b> C connected to the switching element 4, and one end of a resistor 7 that is a second output circuit. One end of the resistor 7 is connected to the cathode 11C of the LED 11, and the other end is electrically grounded.
- the constant current circuit 2 is a circuit that turns on the LED 11 with a constant current by flowing a constant current through the LED 11.
- the constant current circuit 2 can set an IF value that flows to the LED chip 13 of the LED 11 and can also be expressed as an LED driver, a constant current driver, or the like.
- the switching element 4 is built in the constant current circuit 2 and is connected to the PWM signal generation circuit 3 and the cathode 11C of the LED 11.
- the switching element 4 is turned ON / OFF corresponding to the frequency of the PWM signal input from the PWM signal generation circuit 3 and the duty ratio.
- the switching element 4 is ON (conductive) when the signal level of the PWM signal is “H”, and is OFF (non-conductive) when the signal level of the PWM signal is “L”.
- the first output circuit 5 is driven when the switching element 4 is turned on, while the first output circuit 5 is stopped when the switching element 4 is turned off.
- switching element 4 various switching elements such as an Nch FET can be used.
- the constant current circuit 2 can monitor the voltage input to the switching element 4 and feed back to the anode voltage generation circuit 1 according to the VF (forward voltage) value of the LED 11 to adjust the voltage to an appropriate anode voltage. It may have a function.
- the constant current circuit 2 is connected to the anode voltage generation circuit 1 and outputs a feedback signal for adjusting the anode voltage according to the VF of the LED 11 to the anode voltage generation circuit 1.
- the voltage input to the switching element 4 is obtained by subtracting the VF value necessary for lighting the LED 11 from the voltage output from the anode voltage generation circuit 1 when the switching element 4 is turned on. Voltage (referred to as adjustment voltage).
- the constant current circuit 2 compares the adjustment voltage with a predetermined reference voltage. When the adjustment voltage is lower than the reference voltage, the constant current circuit 2 outputs a feedback signal instructing to increase the anode voltage to the anode voltage generation circuit 1. As a result, the anode voltage generation circuit 1 increases the anode voltage. On the other hand, when the adjustment voltage is higher than the reference voltage, the constant current circuit 2 outputs a feedback signal instructing to decrease the anode voltage to the anode voltage generation circuit 1. Thereby, the anode voltage generation circuit 1 thereby reduces the anode voltage.
- the constant current circuit 2 can generate an appropriate anode voltage according to the VF value of the LED 11.
- the reference voltage may be built in the constant current circuit 2. Or you may supply from the outside.
- the constant current circuit 2 feeds the anode voltage to the anode voltage generation circuit 1 as a feedback signal. Is output.
- the constant current circuit 2 outputs a feedback signal for decreasing the anode voltage to the anode voltage generation circuit 1.
- the PWM signal generation circuit 3 receives a PWM signal, which is a pulse signal and a dimming signal, which is composed of High (first level; hereinafter referred to as “H”) / Low (second level; hereinafter referred to as “L”).
- the generated PWM signal is output to the constant current circuit 2.
- the PWM signal generation circuit 3 can change the frequency of the PWM signal and the duty ratio by external control.
- the switching element 4 is turned on when the PWM signal is “H” and turned off when the PWM signal is “L”.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the switching element 4 may be turned on when the PWM signal is “L” (first level) and turned off when the PWM signal is “H” (second level).
- the second output circuit 6 is a circuit for passing a current from the cathode 11C side of the LED 11 to the LED 11 via the resistor 7.
- the resistance value of the resistor 7 is determined by the voltage value of the cathode 11C of the LED 11 and the current (IF) value passed through the LED 11. Even when the switching element 4 is OFF, a current flows to the LED 11 through the resistor 7, and the LED 11 is lit. In other words, in the present embodiment, the second output circuit 6 is always driven regardless of the driving state of the first output circuit 5.
- the LED 11 since the LED 11 is always lit regardless of whether the switching element 4 is ON or OFF, it is preferable to provide a function that can turn ON / OFF the anode voltage generation circuit 1 by external control. desirable.
- the LED 11 When the switching element 4 is ON, the LED 11 causes IF (first current) to flow from the cathode 11 ⁇ / b> C to the switching element 4 that is the first output circuit 5 and the resistor 7 that is the second output circuit 6, thereby generating white light. Emits light.
- the LED 11 when the switching element 4 is OFF, the LED 11 sends an offset current (second current) from the cathode 11C to the resistor 7 that is the second output circuit 6 out of the first output circuit 5 and the second output circuit 6. Only by flowing, white light is emitted.
- the value of the offset current that flows through the LED 11 when the switching element 4 is OFF is lower than the value of the IF that flows through the LED 11 when the switching element 4 is ON. For this reason, the luminance of the LED 11 that lights when the switching element 4 is OFF is lower than the luminance of the LED 11 that lights when the switching element 4 is ON.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the LED 11.
- the LED 11 has an LED chip 13 mounted in the center. As shown in FIG. 3, the LED 11 includes a package 12, an LED chip 13, a resin 14, a KSF phosphor (phosphor, red phosphor, Mn 4+ activated composite fluoride phosphor) 15, and a green phosphor (green). (Phosphor) 17.
- the package 12 is provided with a cavity (recess) 12a which is one recess.
- the cavity 12a is a space provided in the package 12 so that the LED chip 13 is mounted on the bottom surface in the recess and the inner surface of the recess is a reflection surface.
- the package 12 is made of a nylon material, and is provided by insert molding so that a lead frame (not shown) is exposed on the bottom surface of the package 12 in the cavity 12a. This lead frame is divided into two at the exposed portion.
- the package 12 has a reflecting surface that forms the inner surface of the cavity 12a, which is a recess.
- This reflecting surface is preferably formed of a metal film or white silicone containing Ag or Al having a high reflectivity so as to reflect the light emitted from the LED chip 13 to the outside of the LED 11.
- the LED chip 13 emits primary light having a luminance corresponding to a current that changes in accordance with the signal level of the PWM signal.
- the LED chip 13 is, for example, a gallium nitride (GaN) semiconductor light emitting device having a conductive substrate. Although not shown, a bottom electrode is formed on the bottom surface of the conductive substrate, and an upper electrode is formed on the opposite surface. Is formed.
- the emitted light (primary light) of the LED chip 13 is blue light having a peak wavelength in the range of 430 nm to 480 nm, and has a peak wavelength particularly in the vicinity of 450 nm.
- the LED chip 13 (blue LED chip) is die-bonded with a conductive brazing material on one side of the exposed portion of the lead frame. Further, in the LED chip 13, the upper electrode of the LED chip 13 and the other side of the exposed portion of the lead frame are wire-bonded with a wire (not shown). Thus, the LED chip 13 is electrically connected to the lead frame.
- the LED chip having the electrodes on the upper surface and the lower surface is described, but an LED chip having two electrodes on the upper surface may be used.
- Resin 14 fills the cavity 12a, thereby sealing the cavity 12a in which the LED chip 13 is disposed. Further, since the resin 14 is required to have high durability against primary light having a short wavelength, a silicone resin is preferably used. The surface of the resin 14 forms a light emitting surface from which light is emitted.
- a KSF phosphor 15 that emits red light and a green phosphor 17 that emits green light are respectively dispersed as secondary light that is excited by the primary light emitted from the LED chip 13. Yes.
- the KSF phosphor 15 is a phosphor that emits red light by a forbidden transition (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a forbidden transition type phosphor).
- the red phosphor (phosphor) dispersed in the resin 14 is a phosphor that emits red light by forbidden transition.
- the red phosphor is particularly preferably a phosphor material having a narrow spectrum having a peak wavelength width of about 30 nm or less.
- the resin 14 may be a phosphor that emits red light by an allowable transition such as a CASN phosphor (hereinafter, referred to as an allowable transition type phosphor). Two types of phosphors may be dispersed, and three or more types of red phosphors may be dispersed. Further, the green phosphor 17 may or may not be dispersed in the resin 14 as necessary.
- the KSF phosphor 15 is an example of a red phosphor that is dispersed in the resin 14 and emits red light by forbidden transition.
- the KSF phosphor 15 is excited by blue light that is primary light and emits red secondary light having a longer wavelength than the primary light (peak wavelength is 600 nm or more and 780 nm or less).
- the KSF phosphor 15 is a phosphor having a Mn 4+ activated K 2 SiF 6 structure.
- the KSF phosphor 15 has a narrow peak wavelength width of about 30 nm or less and emits high-purity red light.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an emission spectrum of the KSF phosphor 15.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an emission spectrum of the CASN phosphor.
- the KSF phosphor 15 which is a forbidden transition type phosphor has a narrow spectrum with a narrow peak wavelength width near 630 nm, compared to the CASN phosphor which is an allowable transition type phosphor.
- the wavelength width of the peak wavelength in the emission spectrum is preferably about 30 nm or less.
- the emission spectrum having a narrow spectrum of the peak wavelength in the emission spectrum has a lower ratio of including a wavelength band of a color other than the red wavelength band intended to emit light. Is more clearly separated from the other wavelength bands. For this reason, LED11 with wide color reproducibility can be obtained.
- the response speed of the KSF phosphor 15 for turning off the light is slower than that of the LED chip 13.
- the time required for the emission intensity of the secondary light from the KSF phosphor 15 to become 1 / e (e is the base of the natural logarithm) of the KSF phosphor 15 The afterglow time is about 7 ms to 8 ms. In addition, it takes about 10 ms for the secondary light from the KSF phosphor 15 to be turned on and off almost completely.
- the CASN phosphor which is the time required for the emission intensity of the secondary light from the CASN phosphor when the primary light from the LED chip 13 is turned off to 1 / e (e is the base of natural logarithm),
- the afterglow time is about 1 ⁇ s to 10 ⁇ s.
- the afterglow time of the KSF phosphor which is a forbidden transition type phosphor
- the response speed of the KSF phosphor is 100 to 1000 times slower than the response speed of the CASN phosphor, which is an allowable transition type phosphor.
- red phosphors having a Mn 4+ activated K 2 SiF 6 structure examples of materials that can be used as red phosphors with a narrow peak wavelength range include Mn 4+ activated Mg fluorogermanate phosphors and the like. Can do.
- the red phosphor that emits red light by the forbidden transition may be any of the Mn 4+ activated composite fluoride phosphors represented by the following general formulas (A1) to (A8).
- the red phosphor dispersed in the resin 14 is substantially represented by, for example, the following general formula (A9) or general formula (A10) other than the phosphor having the Mn 4+ activated K 2 SiF 6 structure. It may be a tetravalent manganese-activated fluorinated tetravalent metal salt phosphor. MII 2 (MIII 1-h Mn h ) F 6 ...
- MII represents at least one alkali metal element selected from Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs, and MII is preferably K from the viewpoint of brightness and stability of powder characteristics.
- MIII represents at least one tetravalent metal element selected from Ge, Si, Sn, Ti, and Zr. From the viewpoint of brightness and stability of powder characteristics, MIII is Ti. Preferably there is.
- the value of h indicating the composition ratio (concentration) of Mn is 0.001 ⁇ h ⁇ 0.1.
- the value of h is less than 0.001
- the value of h exceeds 0.1
- the brightness is reduced by concentration quenching or the like. This is because there is a problem of a significant decrease.
- the value of h is preferably 0.005 ⁇ h ⁇ 0.5.
- red phosphor represented by the general formula (A9) examples include K 2 (Ti 0.99 Mn 0.01 ) F 6 , K 2 (Ti 0.9 Mn 0.1 ) F 6 , K 2 (Ti 0.999 Mn 0.001 ) F 6 , Na 2 (Zr 0.98 Mn 0.02 ) F 6 , Cs 2 (Si 0.95 Mn 0.05 ) F 6 , Cs 2 (Sn 0 .98 Mn 0.02 ) F 6 , K 2 (Ti 0.88 Zr 0.10 Mn 0.02 ) F 6 , Na 2 (Ti 0.75 Sn 0.20 Mn 0.05 ) F 6 , Cs 2 (Ge 0.999 Mn 0.001 ) F 6 , (K 0.80 Na 0.20 ) 2 (Ti 0.69 Ge 0.30 Mn 0.01 ) F 6 and the like can be mentioned.
- MIV (MIII 1-h Mn h ) F 6 ...
- MIII represents at least one tetravalent metal element selected from Ge, Si, Sn, Ti, and Zr as in MIII in general formula (A9) described above. For the same reason, MIII is preferably Ti.
- MIV represents at least one alkaline earth metal element selected from Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba and Zn. From the viewpoint of brightness and stability of powder characteristics, MIV is Ca. Preferably there is.
- the value of h indicating the composition ratio (concentration) of Mn is 0.001 ⁇ h ⁇ 0.1 in the same manner as h in the general formula (A9) described above, and for the same reason. 0.005 ⁇ h ⁇ 0.5 is preferable.
- red phosphor represented by the general formula (A10) examples include Zn (Ti 0.98 Mn 0.02 ) F 6 , Ba (Zr 0.995 Mn 0.005 ) F 6 , Ca ( Ti 0.995 Mn 0.005 ) F 6 , Sr (Zr 0.98 Mn 0.02 ) F 6 and the like can be mentioned, but of course not limited thereto.
- the green phosphor 17 (green phosphor) is dispersed in the resin 14.
- the green phosphor 17 is a phosphor that is excited by blue light that is primary light and emits green secondary light having a longer wavelength than the primary light (peak wavelength is 500 nm or more and 550 nm or less).
- the green phosphor 17 may be a ⁇ -type SiAlON that is a divalent Eu-activated oxynitride phosphor represented by the following general formula (B1), or a divalent Eu that is represented by the following general formula (B2).
- An active silicate phosphor may be used.
- EuaSibAlcOdNe ...
- General formula (B1) the value of a representing the composition ratio (concentration) of Eu is 0.005 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.4. If the value of a is less than 0.005, sufficient brightness cannot be obtained. If the value of a exceeds 0.4, the brightness is greatly reduced due to concentration quenching or the like. It is to do.
- the composition ratio (concentration) of O is E representing the composition ratio (concentration) of d
- green phosphor 17 represented by the general formula (B1)
- YI represents at least one alkaline earth metal element selected from Mg, Ca, and Sr. In order to obtain a highly efficient matrix, YI is preferably Sr.
- the value of f representing the composition ratio (concentration) of YI is 0 ⁇ f ⁇ 0.55, and the value of f is within this range, so that the green system in the range of 510 to 540 nm. Luminescence can be obtained. When the value of f exceeds 0.55, yellowish green light emission is caused, and the color purity is deteriorated. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of efficiency and color purity, the value of f is preferably in the range of 0.15 ⁇ f ⁇ 0.45. In the general formula (B2), the value of g indicating the composition ratio (concentration) of Eu is 0.03 ⁇ g ⁇ 0.10.
- the value of g is preferably in the range of 0.04 ⁇ g ⁇ 0.08 in terms of brightness and stability of powder characteristics.
- green phosphor 17 represented by the general formula (B2)
- the green phosphor 17 may be a divalent Eu-activated silicate phosphor represented by the following general formula (B3). 2 (M1 1-g , Eu g ) O.SiO 2 ... General formula (B3)
- M1 represents at least one element selected from Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba
- g represents a number that satisfies 0.005 ⁇ g ⁇ 0.10.
- the so-called BOSE alkaline earth metal silicate phosphor represented by the general formula (B3) is of an allowable transition type with an afterglow time of 10 ⁇ s or less, which is the time until the emission intensity becomes 1 / e, like the CASN phosphor. It is a phosphor.
- the LED 11 configured as described above, as the primary light (blue light) emitted from the LED chip 13 passes through the resin 14, a part thereof excites the KSF phosphor 15 to generate secondary light (red light). ) To excite the green phosphor 17 and convert it into secondary light (green light). In this way, from the LED 11, the blue primary light and the red and green secondary lights are mixed and white light (mixed light) W 0 is emitted to the outside of the LED 11.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the LED drive circuit 130 according to the first comparative example.
- the LED drive circuit 130 is configured by removing the second output circuit 6 from the LED drive circuit 30 shown in FIG.
- the LED drive circuit 130 includes an anode voltage generation circuit 101, a constant current circuit 102 having a switching element 104, a PWM signal generation circuit 103, and an LED 111.
- the PWM signal generation circuit 103 generates a PWM signal which is a pulse signal consisting of “H” / “L” and is a dimming signal, and outputs the generated PWM signal to the constant current circuit 102.
- the switching element 104 built in the constant current circuit 102 is turned ON / OFF corresponding to the frequency of the PWM signal and the duty ratio.
- the anode voltage generation circuit 101 generates a VF (forward voltage) necessary for the LED 111 to turn on and outputs it to the anode 111A of the LED 111.
- VF forward voltage
- IF flows from the anode 111A of the LED 111 to the constant current circuit 102 via the cathode 111C, and when the switching element 104 is turned off, IF does not flow.
- the LED 111 receives an anode voltage signal from the anode voltage generation circuit 101, and emits white light when an IF (forward current) flows through an LED chip included in the LED 111.
- IF forward current
- the IF flows through the LED 111 only when the switching element 104 is ON, emits white light, and when the switching element 104 is OFF, the IF does not flow and goes off.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the LED drive circuit 131 according to the second comparative example.
- the LED drive circuit 131 has a configuration in which the switching element 104 is separated from the constant current circuit 102 in the LED drive circuit 130 shown in FIG.
- the LED drive circuit 131 includes a current control circuit 121, a switching element 104, and a resistor 107 instead of the constant current circuit 102 in the LED drive circuit 130.
- the current control circuit 121 turns on the switching element 104 when the PWM signal input from the PWM signal generation circuit 103 is “H”, and the VF (forward voltage) output from the anode voltage generation circuit 101 causes the LED 111 to IF flows from the anode 111A through the cathode 111C, the switching element 104, and the resistor 107. As a result, the LED 111 emits white light.
- the current control circuit 121 turns off the switching element 104, the IF does not flow to the LED 111, and the LED 111 is turned off.
- the IF value is determined by the voltage value between the resistors 107 when the switching element 104 is turned on and the resistance value of the resistor 107.
- the current control circuit 121 monitors so that the voltage between the switching element 104 and the resistor 107 is always constant. For example, it is assumed that the voltage between the switching element 104 and the resistor 107 is adjusted to 1.0V. When this voltage is 1.0 V or less, the current control circuit 121 outputs (feeds back) a feedback signal for increasing the anode voltage to the anode voltage generation circuit 101. When the voltage is 1.0 V or more, the current control circuit 121 outputs to the anode voltage generation circuit 101. A feedback signal for lowering the anode voltage is output. As a result, the voltage between the switching element 104 and the resistor 107 is always 1.0 V, and a constant current flows by calculating the resistance value.
- FIG. 8A shows the PWM signal according to the first and second comparative examples
- FIG. 8B shows the IF signal according to the first and second comparative examples
- FIG. 8C shows the first and second IF signals.
- the mode of light emission of LED which concerns on a comparative example is shown.
- the light emission of the LED chip represents the state of the blue light emitted from the LED chip of the LED 111, and the red afterglow by the KSF phosphor is from the LED chip which is the primary light.
- the frequency of the PWM signal supplied from the PWM signal generation circuit 103 to the constant current circuit 102 is 120 Hz, Duty is 25%, IF is 50 mA, the red phosphor is KSF phosphor, and the green phosphor is Eu-activated ⁇ -type SiAlON. It is a phosphor.
- the LED chip 13 emits light so as to form a rectangular wave corresponding to the “H” and “L” periods of the PWM signal.
- FIG. 9A shows a PWM signal related to the LED drive circuit 30
- FIG. 9B shows an IF signal related to the LED drive circuit 30
- FIG. 9C shows a state of light emission of the LED related to the LED drive circuit 30. .
- the frequency of the PWM signal supplied from the PWM signal generation circuit 3 to the constant current circuit 2 is 120 Hz, and the duty is 25%.
- the red phosphor of the LED 11 is a KSF phosphor 15 and the green phosphor 17 is an Eu-activated ⁇ -type SiAlON phosphor.
- the LED 11 Assuming that the current (referred to as offset current) flowing from the cathode 11C of the LED 11 to the second output circuit 6 is 2 mA, for example, when the PWM signal is “L”, that is, when the switching element 4 is OFF, the LED 11 has an offset of 2 mA. Current flows, and the IF flows from the cathode 11C of the LED 11 to the resistor 7. As described above, in the LED drive circuit 30, the LED 11 slightly lights (slightly lights) white light even when the PWM signal is “L”.
- the IF when the PWM signal is on is set to 44.9 mA lower than the maximum value instead of the maximum value of 50 mA.
- the power (brightness) per frame can be made the same as that of the LED drive circuits 130 and 131 according to the first and second comparative examples.
- the red light from the KSF phosphor 15 does not disappear instantaneously but remains as afterglow, but the PWM signal is “ Even at L ′′, since a 2 mA offset current flows through the LED 11, the white light of the LED 11 is lit. That is, according to the LED drive circuit 30, red light, primary light (blue light of the LED chip 13), and secondary light (KSF phosphor) as the afterglow component by the KSF phosphor 15 during the period when the PWM signal is off. 15) and white light (green light from the green phosphor 17) are mixed to reduce the phenomenon that the display image appears red.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the relationship between offset current and afterglow.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the offset current and the moving image performance improvement.
- the horizontal axis indicates the amount of afterglow, and the vertical axis indicates the ratio of offset current to IF.
- the moving image performance and the afterglow reduction are in a trade-off relationship, it is desirable to adjust the timely according to the use conditions of the display device in which the LED drive circuit 30 is used. Also, if the offset current is increased too much, the meaning of PWM dimming itself is lost. That is, the current value of the offset current is varied in proportion to the current value of IF.
- the ratio of the current value of the offset current to the IF is desirably 10% or less.
- the driving method according to the present invention is effective for the driving condition of the PWM signal transmission frequency of 120 Hz or less where the coloring phenomenon due to phosphor afterglow is easy to see. Thereby, the afterglow of KSF fluorescent substance 15 can be reduced, suppressing the fall of the display performance of the animation in display devices, such as a liquid crystal display device in which LED drive circuit 30 is used.
- the ratio of the offset current to the IF is preferably about 2 to 3% or more. This is because if the offset current value is too low, the effect of flowing the offset current cannot be obtained.
- the LED drive circuit 30 when the signal level of the PWM signal is “H”, the IF flows from the cathode 11C of the LED 11 to the first output circuit 5, so that the LED chip 13 of the LED 11 emits the primary light. Emits light. As a result, white light in which the primary light and the secondary light from the KSF phosphor 15 and the green phosphor 17 are mixed is emitted from the LED 11.
- the first output circuit 5 stops driving, and the IF does not flow from the LED 11 to the first output circuit 5.
- the second output circuit 6 outputs an offset current having a value lower than IF from the cathode 11C by passing it through its own circuit. For this reason, even when the signal level of the PWM signal is “L”, the LED chip 13 emits primary light whose luminance is lower than the primary light by the IF, and thereby the LED 11 slightly lights white light.
- the first output circuit 5 and the second output circuit 6 are connected in parallel. For this reason, even when the driving of the first output circuit 5 is stopped, an offset current flows to the LED 11 through the second output circuit 6, and the LED 11 can be slightly lit.
- the second output circuit 6 causes the LED 11 to emit white light with minute brightness even during the period in which the switching element 4 of the constant current circuit 2 is turned off and the afterglow of the KSF phosphor 15 is generated. Since it lights, afterglow red light and white light are mixed, and the visibility of afterglow can be reduced.
- the liquid crystal television using the LED driving circuit 30 and the lighting device 71, it is possible to reduce the coloring phenomenon caused by the afterglow time of the forbidden transition type phosphor represented by the KSF phosphor. it can.
- the LED driving circuit 30 and the illumination device according to the present invention By applying 71 to the liquid crystal television, it is effective not only for the frequency based on the television broadcasting standard currently used in Japan but also for the frame frequency used in other television broadcasting standards in other countries. . That is, it is possible to reduce the coloring phenomenon caused by the afterglow time of the forbidden transition type phosphor represented by the KSF phosphor.
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an LED drive circuit (light emitting diode drive device) 31 according to the second embodiment.
- the LED drive circuit 31 is different from the LED drive circuit 30 in that it includes a second output circuit 61 and a PWM signal generation circuit 3A instead of the second output circuit 6.
- Other configurations of the LED drive circuit 31 are the same as those of the LED drive circuit 30.
- the second output circuit 61 includes a switching element 41 in addition to the resistor 7.
- the cathode 11C of the LED 11 is connected to the switching element 4 that is the first output circuit 5, and is also connected to the input terminal of the switching element 41 of the second output circuit 61.
- the output terminal of the switching element 41 is connected to one end of the resistor 7, and the other end of the resistor 7 is electrically grounded.
- the PWM signal generation circuit 3 ⁇ / b> A is connected to the switching element 41.
- the PWM signal generation circuit 3A outputs a PWM signal to the switching element 41.
- the switching element 41 can be turned OFF. On the other hand, when the switching element 4 is OFF, the switching element 41 can be turned ON.
- both the switching element 4 and the switching element 41 are turned OFF, and the LED 11 is turned off. it can.
- a pulse obtained by inverting the pulse output from the PWM signal generation circuit 3 via the inverter 8 as shown in FIG. 20 may be input to the switching element 41.
- FIG. 20 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an LED drive circuit (light emitting diode drive device) 31A that is a modification of the LED drive circuit 31 according to the second embodiment.
- the LED drive circuit 31A is different from the LED drive circuit 31 in that an inverter 8 is provided instead of the PWM signal generation circuit 3A.
- the inverter 8 has an input terminal connected to the PWM signal generation circuit 3 and an output terminal connected to the switching element 41. According to the LED drive circuit 31 ⁇ / b> A, by providing the inverter 8, a PWM signal in which “H” and “L” are inverted from the PWM signal input to the switching element 4 can be input to the switching element 41.
- the switching element 4 when the PWM signal output from the PWM signal generation circuit 3 to the constant current circuit 2 is "H”, the switching element 4 is turned on, and at the same time, output from the PWM signal generation circuit 3A to the switching element 41.
- the switching element 41 is turned off by setting the PWM signal to “L”. For this reason, when the PWM signal is “H”, the IF flowing to the LED 11 flows from the cathode 11 ⁇ / b> C only to the first output circuit 5 among the first output circuit 5 and the second output circuit 61. Thereby, LED11 lights white light.
- the LED 11 lights white light with a minute brightness by the second output circuit 61 even during the period when the switching element 4 of the constant current circuit 2 is turned off and the afterglow of the KSF phosphor 15 is generated. Therefore, afterglow red light and white light are mixed, and the visibility of afterglow can be reduced.
- the LED drive circuit 31A shown in FIG. 20 can also obtain the same effects as the LED drive circuit 31.
- both the switching element 4 and the switching element 41 are turned OFF, and the LED 11 is turned off. To do.
- the LED drive circuit 31 it is possible to individually control the driving of the constant current circuit 2 and the second output circuit 61, and thus the LED drive circuit 30 described in the first embodiment. As compared with, the LED 11 can be turned off by turning off the switching elements 4 and 41 without stopping the output from the anode voltage generation circuit 1 (while keeping the output).
- FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an LED drive circuit (light emitting diode drive device) 32 according to the third embodiment.
- the LED drive circuit 32 is different from the LED drive circuit 30 in that it includes a current control circuit 21 and a first output circuit 51 instead of the constant current circuit 2.
- Other configurations of the LED drive circuit 32 are the same as those of the LED drive circuit 30.
- the LED drive circuit 32 is different from the LED drive circuit 30 in that the first output circuit 51 is arranged outside the current control circuit 21.
- the first output circuit 51 includes a switching element 42 and a resistor 73.
- the current control circuit 21 has a first input terminal connected to the PWM signal generation circuit 3 and a second input terminal connected to the first output terminal of the switching element 42.
- a first output terminal of the current control circuit 21 is connected to the anode voltage generation circuit 1, and a second output terminal is connected to the switching element 42.
- the cathode 11C of the LED 11 is connected to the second input end of the switching element 42 of the first output circuit 51 and one end of the resistor 7 which is the second output circuit 6.
- the first input terminal of the switching element 42 is connected to the second output terminal of the current control circuit 21, and the second input terminal is connected to the cathode 11C of the LED 11.
- the output terminal of the switching element 42 is connected to the second input terminal of the current control circuit 21 and one end of the resistor 73. The other end of the resistor 73 is electrically grounded.
- the current flows to the GND via the switching element 42.
- the IF value of the LED 11 is determined by a resistance between the voltage applied to the switching element 42 and GND. Since the voltage applied to the switching element 42 needs to be kept constant, a feedback signal to the anode voltage generation circuit 1 is essential.
- the first input terminal of the switching element 42 is a gate terminal
- the second input terminal is a drain terminal
- the first output terminal is a source terminal
- the PWM signal “H” / “L” output from the PWM signal generation circuit 3 is input to the current control circuit 21, and the current control circuit 21 outputs a PWM signal for turning on / off the switching element 42.
- the current control circuit 21 may have a function of raising the voltage to a voltage necessary for turning on the switching element 42.
- the PWM signal generation circuit 3 outputs a 3.3V PWM signal ("H") and the ON voltage of the gate terminal of the NchFET is 10V, the 3.3V signal is raised to 12V or the like for switching.
- the function output to the element 42 is shown.
- the anode voltage generation circuit 1 generates an anode voltage signal necessary for lighting the LED 11, and supplies the generated anode voltage signal to the anode 11A of the LED 11 to supply it to the LED 11.
- IF flows from the cathode 11C of the LED 11 to the switching element 42 and the resistor 7 of the second output circuit 6, whereby the LED 11 emits white light.
- the current control circuit 21 turns on the switching element 42, a current flows through the LED 11, and the LED 11 is lit.
- the current value flowing to the second output circuit is determined by the voltage obtained by subtracting the VF value of the LED 11 from the anode voltage signal and the resistance value of the resistor 73. Further, the voltage across the resistor 73 when the switching element 42 is turned on. The current flowing through the first output circuit 1 is determined by the value and the resistance value of the resistor 73.
- the current control circuit 21 monitors the voltage value so that the voltage between the switching element 42 and the resistor 73 is always constant when the switching element 42 is turned on and the LED 11 is lit, and the result is used as an anode voltage generation circuit. Feedback to 1.
- the voltage between the switching element 42 and the resistor 73 is adjusted to 1.0V.
- this voltage is 1.0 V or less
- the current control circuit 21 outputs (feeds back) a feedback signal for increasing the anode voltage to the anode voltage generation circuit 1, and when it is 1.0 V or more, the current control circuit 21 A feedback signal for lowering the anode voltage is output to the anode voltage generation circuit 1.
- the voltage between the switching element 42 and the resistor 73 is always 1.0 V.
- the resistance value is 20 ⁇
- a current of IF 50 mA flows to the LED 11.
- the current control circuit 21 turns off the switching element 42 so that the current flows only through the resistor 7 of the second output circuit 6. become.
- the voltage applied to the cathode 11C of the LED 11 is 10 V and the resistance 7 is 5 k ⁇ when the switching element 42 is turned OFF
- the switching element 42 when the switching element 42 is turned on / off according to the frequency of the PWM signal and the duty ratio, the LED 11 is repeatedly lit and slightly lit with a constant current.
- the LED 11 causes IF to flow from the cathode 11C to the second output circuit 6 when an anode voltage signal is input to the anode 11A.
- the LED 11 slightly illuminates white light by the current flowing through the second output circuit 6 even when the PWM signal is “L”, that is, when the switching element 42 is OFF.
- the LED driving circuit 32 even when the number of LEDs 11 to be connected increases, that is, even when VF exceeds the rating (withstand voltage) of the constant current circuit, the current control circuit 21 and the like are only increased by increasing the rating of only the switching element 42. Circuit breakage can be prevented.
- Embodiment 4 The following description will discuss Embodiment 4 of the present invention with reference to FIGS. 14 and 15. For convenience of explanation, members having the same functions as those explained in the first to third embodiments are given the same reference numerals and explanation thereof is omitted.
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an LED drive circuit (light emitting diode drive device) 33 according to the fourth embodiment.
- 15A shows the first PWM signal PWM1 of the LED drive circuit 33
- FIG. 15B shows the second PWM signal PWM2 of the LED drive circuit 33
- FIG. 15C shows the IF signal of the LED drive circuit 33
- d) represents a state of light emission of the LED 11 of the LED drive circuit 33.
- the LED drive circuit 33 shown in FIG. 14 includes a constant current circuit 22 and a PWM signal generation circuit (PWM signal generation unit) 3B instead of the constant current circuit 2, the PWM signal generation circuit 3, and the second output circuit 6.
- the LED driving circuit 30 is different.
- Other configurations of the LED drive circuit 33 are the same as those of the LED drive circuit 30.
- the second output circuit 62 is built in the constant current circuit 22 in addition to the first output circuit 5.
- the PWM signal generation circuit 3B generates a first PWM signal PWM1 and a second PWM signal PWM2, and outputs the generated first PWM signal PWM1 and second PWM signal PWM2 to the constant current circuit 22, respectively.
- the second PWM signal PWM2 is a signal that becomes “H” when the first PWM signal PWM1 is “L”.
- the second PWM signal PWM2 rises simultaneously with the fall of the first PWM signal PWM1.
- the second PWM signal PWM2 is a signal having a higher frequency than the first PWM signal PWM1.
- the frequency of the first PWM signal PWM1 is 120 Hz
- the frequency of the second PWM signal PWM2 is 240 Hz. Note that the duty is 25% for both the first PWM signal PWM1 and the second PWM signal PWM2.
- the constant current circuit 22 includes a first output circuit 5 and a second output circuit 62.
- the first output circuit 5 includes a switching element 4.
- the second output circuit 62 includes a switching element 43.
- the switching element 4 is turned on when the first PWM signal input from the PWM signal generation circuit 3B is “H”, and turned off when it is “L”.
- the switching element 43 is turned on when the second PWM signal input from the PWM signal generation circuit 3B is “H”, and turned off when it is “L”. That is, the switching element 43 is ON when the switching element 4 is OFF, and is OFF when the switching element 4 is ON.
- the LED 11 when the IF flows from the cathode 11C of the LED 11 to the switching element 4 or the switching element 43, the LED 11 emits white light.
- the current that flows from the cathode 11 ⁇ / b> C of the LED 11 to the switching element 43 is an offset current for slightly lighting the LED 11.
- the first PWM signal PWM1 or the second PWM signal PWM2 is individually input to each of the first output circuit 5 and the second output circuit 62 that are connected in parallel.
- the second output circuit 62 can be driven in parallel. For this reason, it becomes possible to arbitrarily change the offset current flowing to the LED 11 by turning on the second output circuit 62 in accordance with the value of the IF flowing to the LED 11 by turning on the first output circuit 5.
- the constant current circuit 22 has two switching elements 4 and a switching element 43, and can be controlled individually. For this reason, when the switching element 4 is OFF, it is also possible to switch ON / OFF of the offset current flowing through the LED 11 by PWM control of the switching element 43.
- FIG. 15 shows the light emission intensity of the LED 11 in this case.
- the first PWM signal PWM1 input to the switching element 4 changes from “H” to “L”
- the second PWM signal PWM2 input to the switching element 43 changes from “L” to “H”.
- the second PWM signal PWM2 is 240 Hz, which is a higher frequency than the first PWM signal PWM1, and the duty is 25%, which is the same as the first PWM signal PWM1, so that the second PWM signal PWM2 is 2 while the first PWM signal PWM1 is “L”.
- the pulse is output twice.
- the IF has the maximum value in order to match the emission intensity per frame of the LED shown in FIG. 49.6 mA for 50 mA.
- the switching element 4 when the switching element 4 is turned OFF and red afterglow due to the KSF phosphor starts to be generated in the LED 11, that is, the first PWM signal PWM1 is changed from “H” to “L”.
- the second output circuit 62 is turned on to cause the LED 11 to emit white light slightly. Thereby, the afterglow of the red light by the KSF phosphor and the white light are mixed, and the visibility of the afterglow can be reduced.
- the LED drive circuit 33 drives the second output circuit 62 a plurality of times when the first output circuit 5 is OFF, that is, when afterglow of red light is generated.
- the same effect as when the second output circuit is always ON can be obtained, and the offset current flowing to the LED 11 is pulsed.
- An afterimage reduction effect in a display device such as a liquid crystal can be further obtained without the LED 11 being lit.
- IF, offset current, frequency and duty of each PWM signal shown in FIG. 15 are examples, and the present invention is not limited to these.
- FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an LED drive circuit (light emitting diode drive device) 34 according to the fifth embodiment.
- the LED drive circuit 34 is different from the LED drive circuit 33 shown in FIG. 14 in that it includes a current control circuit 23, a first output circuit 51, and a second output circuit 63 instead of the constant current circuit 22.
- Other configurations of the LED drive circuit 34 are the same as those of the LED drive circuit 33.
- the first output circuit 51 and the second output circuit 63 are arranged outside the current control circuit 23.
- the second output circuit 63 includes a switching element 44 and a resistor 74.
- One end of the resistor 74 is connected to the output end of the switching element 44, and the other end is electrically grounded. An offset current that causes the LED 11 to light slightly is passed through the switching element 44.
- the anode voltage generation circuit 1 generates an anode voltage signal, and supplies the generated anode voltage signal to the LED 11 by outputting it to the anode 11A of the LED 11. Then, when the IF flows from the cathode 11C of the LED 11 to the switching element 42 or the switching element 44, the LED 11 emits white light. The current flowing from the cathode 11C of the LED 11 to the switching element 44 is the offset current of the LED 11.
- the current control circuit 23 generates a first PWM signal PWM11 which is a pulse signal for turning on / off the switching element 42 in response to “H” / “L” of the first PWM signal PWM1 from the PWM signal generation circuit 3B.
- the generated first PWM signal PWM11 is output to the switching element 42.
- the current control circuit 23 turns on the switching element 42 when the first PWM signal PWM1 input from the PWM signal generation circuit 3B is “H”.
- the IF flowing in the LED 11 for a period corresponding to “H” of the first PWM signal PWM1 from the PWM signal generation circuit 3B flows from the cathode 11C to the first output circuit 51. Thereby, LED11 lights white light.
- the current control circuit 23 generates a second PWM signal PWM12 which is a pulse signal for turning on / off the switching element 44 in response to “H” / “L” of the second PWM signal PWM2 from the PWM signal generation circuit 3B.
- the generated second PWM signal PWM12 is output to the switching element 44.
- the current control circuit 23 turns on the switching element 44 when the second PWM signal PWM2 input from the PWM signal generation circuit 3B is “H”.
- the IF flowing in the LED 11 for a period corresponding to “H” of the second PWM signal PWM2 from the PWM signal generation circuit 3B flows from the cathode 11C to the second output circuit 63.
- the LED 11 slightly lights up white light.
- the current control circuit 23 monitors the voltage value so that the voltage between the switching element 42 and the resistor 73 is always constant, and the result is used as a feedback signal for the anode. Feedback is provided by outputting to the voltage generation circuit 1.
- the current control circuit 23 monitors the voltage value so that the voltage between the switching element 44 and the resistor 74 is always constant when the switching element 44 is turned on and the LED 11 is slightly lit, and the result is fed back. Feedback is provided by outputting the signal to the anode voltage generation circuit 1 as a signal.
- the second PWM signal PWM2 is a signal that becomes “H” when the first PWM signal PWM1 is “L”.
- the second PWM signal PWM2 rises simultaneously with the fall of the first PWM signal PWM1.
- the first PWM signal PWM1 and the second PWM signal PWM2 By controlling the first PWM signal PWM1 and the second PWM signal PWM2 as described above, when the switching element 42 is turned off and red afterglow due to the KSF phosphor 15 starts to be generated in the LED 11, that is, the first PWM signal PWM1 is “ When the second output circuit 63 is turned on when changing from “H” to “L”, the LED 11 can emit white light slightly. Thereby, the afterglow of the red light by the KSF phosphor 15 and the white light are mixed, and the visibility of the afterglow can be reduced.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of values of signals used in the LED driving circuits.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating an example of values of signals used in the LED drive circuits 130 and 34.
- VF1 is a forward voltage applied to the LED 11 to flow IF.
- the offset current VF2 is a forward voltage applied to the LED 11 in order to cause the offset current to flow through the LED 11.
- the electric power is a value calculated by (1) ⁇ (100% ⁇ (2)) ⁇ (5) + (2) ⁇ (3) ⁇ (4).
- FIG. 17 and FIG. 18 show an example in which (6) the offset current and IF are changed when the power is the same between the LED drive circuits. Due to the general characteristics of LEDs, when IF is varied, VF also varies, and when the value of IF is increased, the value of VF is also increased.
- the light emitting diode driving device (LED driving circuits 30 to 34) according to the first aspect of the present invention is driven by a driving current that changes in accordance with the signal level of a rectangular wave (PWM signal), and has a luminance of 1 corresponding to the driving current.
- a light-emitting diode chip (LED chip 13) that emits secondary light; and a phosphor (KSF phosphor 15) that is excited by the primary light and emits secondary light.
- the primary light and the secondary light A first output connected to a light emitting diode (LED 11) that emits light mixed with light and an output terminal (cathode 11C) of the light emitting diode connected to the light emitting diode chip and outputting the driving current.
- the signal level of the rectangular wave is the second level (“L”)
- the driving is stopped, and the second output circuit
- the signal level of the LED is the second level (“L")
- the light emitting diode chip is caused to emit light by outputting a second current (offset current) having a current value lower than the first current from the output terminal. It is characterized by.
- the first current flows from the output terminal of the light emitting diode to the first output circuit, so that the light emitting diode chip emits primary light. To do. Thereby, the mixed light of the primary light and the secondary light is emitted from the light emitting diode.
- the first output circuit stops driving and no first current flows from the light emitting diode to the first output circuit.
- the second output circuit causes a second current having a value lower than the first current to flow from the output end of the light emitting diode. For this reason, even when the signal level of the rectangular wave is the second level, the light emitting diode chip emits primary light having a lower luminance than the primary light generated by the first current, whereby the light emitting diode is white. Turn on the light slightly.
- the afterglow of the phosphor generated when the signal level of the rectangular wave is the second level and the white light resulting from the fine lighting are mixed, thereby reducing the visibility of the afterglow of red light. it can.
- the rectangular wave is a PWM signal
- the frequency of the PWM signal is 120 Hz or less
- the current value of the second current is the first value. It is preferably 1/10 or less of the current value of one current.
- the light emitting diode driving device is the light emitting diode driving apparatus according to aspect 1, in which the signal level becomes the first level during the period in which the first PWM signal that is the rectangular wave and the signal level of the first PWM signal are the second level.
- a PWM signal generator for generating a second PWM signal, wherein the first output circuit is driven when the signal level of the first PWM signal is the first level, and the signal level of the first PWM signal is the second level.
- the second output circuit includes a switching element that is conductive when the signal level of the second PWM signal is the first level and is non-conductive when the signal level of the second PWM signal is the second level.
- the first output circuit and the second output circuit can be driven individually. Thereby, the image display quality of the display device in which the light emitting diode driving device is used can be improved.
- the current value of the second current varies in proportion to the current value of the first current.
- the second output circuit includes a switching element that conducts when the first output circuit stops driving, and the switching element. It is preferable to have a resistor having one end connected to the output end and the other end electrically grounded.
- the second current can be output from the output terminal of the light emitting diode through the second output circuit, so that the light emitting diode can be lighted slightly.
- the first output circuit and the second output circuit are connected in parallel.
- the LED (including a plurality) is driven by 1ch.
- a plurality of channels are used to drive simultaneously in parallel.
- a plurality of light emitting diodes can be driven at different frequencies or different timings without being driven simultaneously.
- the light emitting diode driving device is the light emitting diode driving apparatus according to aspect 1, wherein the light emitting diode chip is a blue LED chip that emits blue light, and the phosphor emits red light by the blue light. And a green phosphor that emits green light by the blue light, and the red phosphor is preferably a phosphor that emits the red light by forbidden transition.
- the red phosphor is a Mn 4+ activated composite fluorinated phosphor.
- the lighting device 71 according to the ninth aspect of the present invention preferably includes the light-emitting diode driving device according to the first to eighth aspects.
- the second output circuit is a resistor in which one end is connected to the output end of the light emitting diode and the other end is electrically grounded. It is preferable to have (7.74).
- the first output circuit is composed of a switching element that conducts when the first level.
- the first output circuit further includes a resistor (one end connected to the output end of the switching element and the other end electrically grounded). 73).
- the light emitting diode driving device is the light emitting diode driving device according to aspect 3, wherein the first PWM signal that is the rectangular wave and the signal level of the first PWM signal during the period in which the signal level of the first PWM signal is the second level
- a PWM signal generation unit configured to generate a second PWM signal having two levels; and the first output circuit is driven when the signal level of the first PWM signal is the first level, and the signal level of the first PWM signal is the first level. Switching is stopped when the level is two, and the second output circuit is turned on when the signal level of the second PWM signal is the first level, and is turned off when the signal level of the second PWM signal is the second level. It is preferable to have an element.
- the present invention can be used for a light emitting diode driving device and a lighting device.
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Abstract
Description
以下、本発明の実施形態1について、詳細に説明する。
まず、本実施の形態に係るLED(発光ダイオード)11を用いた照明装置71について説明する。図2の(a)は実施形態1に係るLED11を用いた照明装置71の一部を拡大して示す平面図であり、(b)は(a)に示す照明装置71の断面図である。
図1を用いて、照明装置71が備えるLED駆動回路(発光ダイオード駆動装置)30の構成について説明する。図1は実施形態1に係るLED駆動回路30の構成を表すブロック図である。
図3を用いて、LED11の構成について詳細に説明する。図3は、LED11の断面図である。
A2[MF5]:Mn4+・・・一般式(A1)
(上記一般式(A1)において、AはLi、Na、K、Rb、Cs、NH4の何れか、又はこれらの組合せから選択され、MはAl、Ga、Inの何れか又はこれらの組合せから選択される)
A3[MF6]:Mn4+・・・一般式(A2)
(上記一般式(A2)において、AはLi、Na、K、Rb、Cs、NH4の何れか、又はこれらの組合せから選択され、MはAl、Ga、Inの何れか又はこれらの組合せから選択される)
Zn2[MF7]:Mn4+・・・一般式(A3)
(上記一般式(A3)において、[ ]内のMはAl、Ga、Inの何れか又はこれらの組合せから選択される)
A[In2F7]:Mn4+・・・一般式(A4)
(上記一般式(A4)において、AはLi、Na、K、Rb、Cs、NH4の何れか又はこれらの組合せから選択される)
A2[MF6]:Mn4+・・・一般式(A5)
(上記一般式(A5)において、AはLi、Na、K、Rb、Cs、NH4の何れか又はこれらの組合せから選択され、MはGe、Si、Sn、Ti、Zr何れか又はこれらの組合せから選択される)
E[MF6]:Mn4+・・・一般式(A6)
(上記一般式(A6)において、EはMg、Ca、Sr、Ba、Znの何れか又はこれらの組合せから選択され、MはGe、Si、Sn、Ti、Zrの何れか又はこれらの組合せから選択される)
Ba0.65Zr0.35F2.70:Mn4+・・・一般式(A7)
A3[ZrF7]:Mn4+・・・一般式(A8)
(上記一般式(A8)において、AはLi、Na、K、Rb、Cs、NH4の何れか又はこれらの組合せから選択される)
さらに、樹脂14に分散される赤蛍光体は、Mn4+付活K2SiF6構造を有する蛍光体以外にも、例えば、下記一般式(A9)、又は一般式(A10)で実質的に表される4価のマンガン付活フッ化4価金属塩蛍光体であってもよい。
MII2(MIII1-hMnh)F6・・・一般式(A9)
一般式(A9)において、MIIはLi、Na、K、Rb及びCsから選ばれる少なくとも1種のアルカリ金属元素を示し、明るさおよび粉体特性の安定性から、MIIはKであることが好ましい。また一般式(A9)において、MIIIは、Ge、Si、Sn、TiおよびZrから選ばれる少なくとも1種の4価の金属元素を示し、明るさおよび粉体特性の安定性から、MIIIはTiであることが好ましい。
MIV(MIII1-hMnh)F6・・・一般式(A10)
一般式(A10)において、MIIIは、上述した一般式(A9)におけるMIIIと同じくGe、Si、Sn、TiおよびZrから選ばれる少なくとも1種の4価の金属元素を示し、同様の理由から、MIIIはTiであることが好ましい。また一般式(A10)において、MIVは、Mg、Ca、Sr、BaおよびZnから選ばれる少なくとも1種のアルカリ土類金属元素を示し、明るさおよび粉体特性の安定性から、MIVはCaであることが好ましい。また、一般式(A10)において、Mnの組成比(濃度)を示すhの値は、上述した一般式(A9)におけるhと同じく0.001≦h≦0.1であり、同様の理由から、0.005≦h≦0.5であることが好ましい。
EuaSibAlcOdNe・・・一般式(B1)
一般式(B1)において、Euの組成比(濃度)を表すaの値は0.005≦a≦0.4である。aの値が0.005未満である場合には、十分な明るさが得られないためであり、またaの値が0.4を超える場合には、濃度消光などにより、明るさが大きく低下するためである。なお、粉体特性の安定性、母体の均質性から、上記一般式(B1)におけるaの値は、0.01≦a≦0.2であることが好ましい。また、一般式(B1)において、Siの組成比(濃度)を表すbおよびAlの組成比(濃度)を表すcは、b+c=12を満足する数であり、Oの組成比(濃度)を表すdおよびNの組成比(濃度)を表すeは、d+e=16を満足する数である。
2(Ba1-f-gYIfEug)O・SiO2・・・一般式(B2)
一般式(B2)において、YIは、Mg、CaおよびSrから選ばれる少なくとも1種のアルカリ土類金属元素を示し、高効率な母体を得るためには、YIはSrであることが好ましい。
2(M11-g,Eug)O・SiO2・・・一般式(B3)
一般式(B3)において、M1はMg、Ca、Sr、およびBaから選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素を表し、gは0.005≦g≦0.10を満足する数を表す。
次に、図6~図8を用いて、比較例に係るLED駆動回路の構成及びLEDの発光強度について説明する。
次に、図1、図9~図11を用いて、本実施の形態に係るLED駆動回路30の主な効果について説明する。
本発明の実施形態2について、図12及び図20に基づいて説明すれば、以下のとおりである。なお、説明の便宜上、前記実施形態1にて説明した部材と同じ機能を有する部材については、同じ符号を付記し、その説明を省略する。
本発明の実施形態3について、図13に基づいて説明すれば、以下のとおりである。なお、説明の便宜上、前記実施形態1、2にて説明した部材と同じ機能を有する部材については、同じ符号を付記し、その説明を省略する。
本発明の実施形態4について、図14及び図15に基づいて説明すれば、以下のとおりである。なお、説明の便宜上、前記実施形態1~3にて説明した部材と同じ機能を有する部材については、同じ符号を付記し、その説明を省略する。
本発明の実施形態5について、図16に基づいて説明すれば、以下のとおりである。なお、説明の便宜上、前記実施形態1~4にて説明した部材と同じ機能を有する部材については、同じ符号を付記し、その説明を省略する。
〔実施例〕
図17は各LED駆動回路で使用される各信号の値の一例を示す図である。図18はLED駆動回路130・34で使用される各信号の値の一例を示す図である。
本発明の態様1に係る発光ダイオード駆動装置(LED駆動回路30~34)は、矩形波(PWM信号)の信号レベルに応じて変化する駆動電流により駆動され、当該駆動電流に対応する輝度の1次光を発光する発光ダイオードチップ(LEDチップ13)と、当該1次光により励起されて2次光を発光する蛍光体(KSF蛍光体15)とを有し、上記1次光と上記2次光との混色光を出射する発光ダイオード(LED11)と、上記発光ダイオードチップと接続され、上記駆動電流が出力される上記発光ダイオードの出力端(カソード11C)に、それぞれ接続されている第1出力回路5・51及び第2出力回路6・61・62と、を備え、上記第1出力回路は、上記矩形波の信号レベルが第1レベル(”H”)のとき駆動し、上記出力端から第1電流を出力させることで上記発光ダイオードチップを発光させる一方、上記矩形波の信号レベルが第2レベル(”L”)のとき駆動を停止し、上記第2出力回路は、上記矩形波の信号レベルが上記第2レベル(”L”)のとき、上記出力端から、上記第1電流より電流値が低い第2電流(オフセット電流)を出力させることで上記発光ダイオードチップを発光させることを特徴とする。
2 定電流回路
3・3a PWM信号生成回路(PWM信号生成部)
4 スイッチング素子
5・51 第1出力回路
6・61・62・63 第2出力回路
7 抵抗
11 LED(発光ダイオード)
11A アノード
11C カソード
13 LEDチップ(発光ダイオードチップ)
14 樹脂
15 KSF蛍光体(蛍光体、赤色蛍光体、Mn4+賦活複合フッ素化物蛍光体)
17 緑蛍光体
21・23 電流制御回路
22 定電流回路
30~34 LED駆動回路(発光ダイオード駆動装置)
41~44 スイッチング素子
71 照明装置
73・74 抵抗
W0 白色光(混色光)
Claims (9)
- 矩形波の信号レベルに応じて変化する駆動電流により駆動され、当該駆動電流に対応する輝度の1次光を発光する発光ダイオードチップと、当該1次光により励起されて2次光を発光する蛍光体とを有し、上記1次光と上記2次光との混色光を出射する発光ダイオードと、
上記発光ダイオードチップと接続され、上記駆動電流が出力される上記発光ダイオードの出力端に、それぞれ接続されている第1出力回路及び第2出力回路と、を備え、
上記第1出力回路は、上記矩形波の信号レベルが第1レベルのとき駆動し、上記出力端から第1電流を出力させることで上記発光ダイオードチップを発光させる一方、上記矩形波の信号レベルが第2レベルのとき駆動を停止し、
上記第2出力回路は、上記矩形波の信号レベルが上記第2レベルのとき、上記出力端から、上記第1電流より電流値が低い第2電流を出力させることで上記発光ダイオードチップを発光させることを特徴とする発光ダイオード駆動装置。 - 上記矩形波は、PWM信号であり、
上記PWM信号の周波数は120Hz以下であり、
上記第2電流の電流値は、上記第1電流の電流値の1/10以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の発光ダイオード駆動装置。 - 上記矩形波である第1PWM信号と、当該第1PWM信号の信号レベルが第2レベルの期間に信号レベルが第1レベルとなる第2PWM信号とを生成するPWM信号生成部を備え、
上記第1出力回路は、上記第1PWM信号の信号レベルが第1レベルのとき駆動し、上記第1PWM信号の信号レベルが上記第2レベルのとき駆動を停止し、
上記第2出力回路は、上記第2PWM信号の信号レベルが上記第1レベルのとき導通し、上記第2PWM信号の信号レベルが第2レベルのとき非導通となるスイッチング素子を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の発光ダイオード駆動装置。 - 上記第1電流の電流値に比例して、上記第2電流の電流値が変動することを特徴とする請求項1~3の何れか1項に記載の発光ダイオード駆動装置。
- 上記第2出力回路は、
上記第1出力回路が駆動を停止しているとき導通するスイッチング素子と、
当該スイッチング素子の出力端に一端が接続され、他端が電気的に接地されている抵抗とを有することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の発光ダイオード駆動装置。 - 上記第1出力回路と、上記第2出力回路とは、並列に接続されていることを特徴とする請求項1~5の何れか1項に記載の発光ダイオード駆動装置。
- 上記発光ダイオードチップは青色光を発光する青色LEDチップであり、
上記蛍光体は、上記青色光により赤色光を発光する赤色蛍光体と、上記青色光により緑色光を発光する緑色蛍光体とを有し、
上記赤色蛍光体は、禁制遷移により上記赤色光を発光する蛍光体であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の発光ダイオード駆動装置。 - 上記赤色蛍光体は、Mn4+賦活複合フッ素化物蛍光体であることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の発光ダイオード駆動装置。
- 請求項1~8の何れか1項に記載の発光ダイオード駆動装置を備えたことを特徴とする照明装置。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR101922786B1 (ko) | 2018-11-27 |
JP6077144B2 (ja) | 2017-02-08 |
CN105917475A (zh) | 2016-08-31 |
KR20160104681A (ko) | 2016-09-05 |
US20160330806A1 (en) | 2016-11-10 |
US10104726B2 (en) | 2018-10-16 |
JPWO2015114958A1 (ja) | 2017-03-23 |
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