WO2015108166A1 - シクロブタンテトラカルボン酸誘導体の製造方法 - Google Patents
シクロブタンテトラカルボン酸誘導体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015108166A1 WO2015108166A1 PCT/JP2015/051145 JP2015051145W WO2015108166A1 WO 2015108166 A1 WO2015108166 A1 WO 2015108166A1 JP 2015051145 W JP2015051145 W JP 2015051145W WO 2015108166 A1 WO2015108166 A1 WO 2015108166A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D493/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system
- C07D493/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D493/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08G73/1003—Preparatory processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08G73/1003—Preparatory processes
- C08G73/1007—Preparatory processes from tetracarboxylic acids or derivatives and diamines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08G73/1003—Preparatory processes
- C08G73/1007—Preparatory processes from tetracarboxylic acids or derivatives and diamines
- C08G73/101—Preparatory processes from tetracarboxylic acids or derivatives and diamines containing chain terminating or branching agents
- C08G73/1014—Preparatory processes from tetracarboxylic acids or derivatives and diamines containing chain terminating or branching agents in the form of (mono)anhydrid
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel method for producing a cyclobutanetetracarboxylic acid derivative useful as a raw material for polyimide and the like.
- the cyclobutane tetracarboxylic acid derivative is a useful compound as a raw material for polyimide and the like.
- a method for producing the compound a photodimerization reaction of a maleic anhydride derivative is known (Patent Documents 1 to 5).
- Patent Document 1 discloses a solvent having a carbonyl group such as ketones as a method for producing 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic acid-1,2: 3,4-dianhydride (CBDA).
- CBDA 3,4-dianhydride
- a photodimerization reaction of maleic anhydride in is disclosed.
- the reaction there is a description that the use of acetophenone, benzophenone, anthraquinone or the like used as a normal photosensitizer is not effective, but rather the absence thereof gives better results ((2 of Patent Document 1). )
- An object of the present invention is to subject a specific maleic anhydride derivative to a photodimerization reaction, to achieve the desired 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic acid-1,2: 3, with high photoreaction efficiency and high yield.
- the object is to provide a process by which 4-dianhydride derivatives can be prepared.
- the present inventors have found that a compound in which an electron withdrawing group is substituted for acetophenone, benzophenone, or benzaldehyde is present in the reaction system, so that 1, the photoreaction efficiency of the maleic anhydride compound is improved, and as a result, the desired 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic acid-1,2: 3,4-in high yield.
- the inventors discovered that dianhydride derivatives can be produced and completed the present invention.
- the gist of the present invention is as follows. 1. In the presence of benzophenone substituted with an electron withdrawing group, acetophenone substituted with an electron withdrawing group, or benzaldehyde substituted with an electron withdrawing group, the maleic anhydride compound represented by the following formula (1)
- R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- any one of the above 1 to 3, wherein the electron withdrawing group is at least one selected from the group consisting of a fluoro group, a chloro group, a bromo group, an iodo group, a nitro group, a cyano group, and a trifluoromethyl group.
- the manufacturing method as described. 5.
- 5. The production method according to any one of 1 to 4 above, wherein the number of electron withdrawing groups is 1 to 5. 6).
- the benzophenone substituted with an electron withdrawing group, acetophenone substituted with an electron withdrawing group, or benzaldehyde substituted with an electron withdrawing group is 0.1 to 20 mol% based on the maleic anhydride compound. 6.
- an inexpensive maleic anhydride compound raw material is subjected to a photodimerization reaction at a photoreaction rate, whereby the target 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic acid-1,2: 3,4-dianhydride derivatives can be produced with high photoreaction efficiency and high yield.
- 1,3-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic acid-1,2: 3,4-dianhydride (hereinafter also referred to as 1,3-DM-CBDA) obtained in Reference Example 1. )) Is a molecular model assembled based on the X-ray structural analysis of a single crystal.
- 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic acid-1,2 3,4-dianhydride represented by formula (2) by photodimerization reaction of maleic anhydride compound represented by formula (1)
- the method for producing the derivative is represented by the following reaction scheme.
- R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 12 carbon atoms, particularly preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms may be either a linear or branched saturated alkyl group or a linear or branched unsaturated alkyl group. Specific examples thereof include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, 1-methyl-n-butyl, 2-methyl- n-butyl, 3-methyl-n-butyl, 1,1-dimethyl-n-propyl, n-hexyl, 1-methyl-n-pentyl, 2-methyl-n-pentyl, 1,1-dimethyl-n- Butyl, 1-ethyl-n-butyl, 1,1,2-trimethyl-n-propyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, n-dodecy
- maleic anhydride compound represented by the formula (1) examples include citraconic anhydride, 2-ethyl maleic anhydride, 2-isopropyl maleic anhydride, 2-n-butyl maleic anhydride, 2-t-butyl anhydride.
- citraconic anhydride 2-ethyl maleic anhydride, 2-isopropyl maleic anhydride, 2-n-butyl maleic anhydride, 2-t-butyl maleic anhydride, -N-pentylmaleic anhydride, 2-n-hexylmaleic anhydride, 2-n-heptylmaleic anhydride, 2-n-octylmaleic anhydride, 2-n-nonylmaleic anhydride, 2 -N-decylmaleic anhydride or 2-n-dodecylmaleic anhydride is preferred, citraconic anhydride, 2-ethylmaleic anhydride, 2-isopropylmaleic anhydride, 2-n-butylmaleic anhydride, 2 -T-Butyl maleic anhydride, 2-n-pentyl maleic anhydride, or 2-n-hexyl maleic anhydride is more preferred.
- benzophenone substituted with an electron withdrawing group acts as a sensitizer.
- Examples of the electron withdrawing group include at least one selected from the group consisting of a fluoro group, a chloro group, a bromo group, an iodo group, a nitro group, a cyano group, and a trifluoromethyl group, such as a fluoro group, a chloro group, A bromo group, a cyano group, or a trifluoromethyl group is preferred.
- Particularly preferred electron withdrawing groups are fluoro groups or chloro groups.
- the number of electron withdrawing groups is 1 to 10, preferably 1 to 5, and particularly preferably 1 to 3.
- the substitution position of the electron withdrawing group includes an ortho position, a meta position, and a para position with respect to the carbonyl group.
- the ortho position or the para position is preferable, and the para position is particularly preferable.
- the electron withdrawing groups may be the same or different.
- crosslinked in the ortho position may be sufficient.
- benzophenone substituted with an electron withdrawing group examples include 2-fluorobenzophenone, 3-fluorobenzophenone, 4-fluorobenzophenone, 2-chlorobenzophenone, 3-chlorobenzophenone, 4-chlorobenzophenone, 2-cyanobenzophenone, 3-cyanobenzophenone, 4-cyanobenzophenone, 2-nitrobenzophenone, 3-nitrobenzophenone, 4-nitrobenzophenone, 2,4'-dichlorobenzophenone, 4,4'-difluorobenzophenone, 4,4'-dichlorobenzophenone, 4 , 4′-dibromobenzophenone, 3,3′-bis (trifluoromethyl) benzophenone, 3,4′-dinitrobenzophenone, 3,3′-dinitrobenzophenone, 4,4′-dinitrobenzophenone, -Chloro-5-nitrobenzophenone, 1,3-bis (4-fluorobenzoyl) benzene, 1,3-bis (4-chlor
- acetophenone substituted with an electron withdrawing group 2′-fluoroacetophenone, 3′-fluoroacetophenone, 4′-fluoroacetophenone, 2′-chloroacetophenone, 3′-chloroacetophenone, 4′-chloroacetophenone, 2 ′ -Cyanoacetophenone, 3'-cyanoacetophenone, 4'-cyanoacetophenone, 2'-nitroacetophenone, 3'-nitroacetophenone, 4'-nitroacetophenone, 2 ', 4'-difluoroacetophenone, 3', 4'-difluoro Acetophenone, 2 ′, 4′-dichloroacetophenone, 3 ′, 4′-dichloroacetophenone, 4′-chloro-3′-nitroacetophenone, 4′-bromo-3′-nitroacetophenone, 4′-fluoro-3′- Nitroacetophenone, etc.
- Examples of the benzaldehyde substituted with an electron withdrawing group include 2-fluorobenzaldehyde, 3-fluorobenzaldehyde, 4-fluorobenzaldehyde, 2-chlorobenzaldehyde, 3-chlorobenzaldehyde, 4-chlorobenzaldehyde, 2-cyanobenzaldehyde, 3-cyano.
- 4-fluorobenzaldehyde, 4-chlorobenzaldehyde, 2,4-difluorobenzaldehyde, 3,4-difluorobenzaldehyde, 2,4-dichlorobenzaldehyde, or 3,4-dichlorobenzaldehyde is preferable.
- the amount of the sensitizer to be used is not particularly limited as long as the photoreaction rate is accelerated, but is preferably 0.1 to 20 mol%, more preferably 0.1 to the maleic anhydride compound. ⁇ 5 mol%.
- the sensitizer is preferably used alone because of the ease of treatment after the reaction.
- the reaction solvent an organic solvent generally used in a photochemical reaction is used.
- the solvents that can be used industrially include (1) a carbonyl compound having a high photosensitizing effect, and (2) a high solubility of the raw material maleic anhydride compound, and the decomposition of the produced CBDA derivative compound.
- the reaction solvent is preferably an organic carboxylic acid ester or anhydride, or a carbonate ester.
- reaction solvent n-hexane, n-heptane, cyclohexane, acetonitrile, acetone, dichloromethane, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran and the like can also be used.
- the ester of the organic carboxylic acid is represented by the formula: R 1 COOR 2 (where R 1 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 or 2 carbon atoms, and R 2 has a carbon number. 1 to 4 and more preferably 1 to 3 alkyl groups).
- esters of organic carboxylic acids include methyl formate, ethyl formate, n-propyl formate, i-propyl formate, n-butyl formate, i-butyl formate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, n-propyl acetate, i-acetate -Propyl, n-butyl acetate, i-butyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, n-propyl propionate, i-propyl propionate, n-butyl propionate, i-butyl propionate.
- ethylene glycol diformate ethylene glycol diacetate, ethylene glycol dipropionate and the like can be used.
- anhydride of an organic carboxylic acid the formula: (R 1 CO) 2 O (.
- R 1 is a preferred embodiment be included as defined above) are preferably those represented by.
- Preferred examples thereof are propionic anhydride, butyric anhydride, trifluoroacetic anhydride, or acetic anhydride. Of these, acetic anhydride is preferred because 1,3-DACBDA can be obtained at a higher recovery rate.
- carbonic acid ester a carbonic acid dialkyl ester having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 or 2, is preferable. Preferred examples thereof include dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, or a mixture thereof.
- the solubility of the produced CBDA derivative compound is low despite the high solubility of the raw maleic anhydride compound, and the target compound Is precipitated during the reaction as crystals, so that side reactions such as reverse reaction from CBDA derivative compounds to maleic anhydride compounds and oligomer formation can be suppressed.
- the amount of the reaction solvent used is 3 to 300 times by mass, more preferably 4 to 250 times by mass with respect to the maleic anhydride compound.
- the solvent may be used alone or in combination, but it is preferably used alone from the viewpoint of ease of treatment after the reaction.
- the amount of the reaction solvent used is small.
- the concentration of the maleic anhydride compound is high, the reaction is fast, and the yield of the resulting product is increased. Accordingly, when it is desired to accelerate the reaction or to increase the yield of the product, the amount of the solvent used is preferably 3 to 10 times the mass of the maleic anhydride compound.
- the wavelength of light is 200 to 400 nm, more preferably 250 to 350 nm, and particularly preferably 280 to 330 nm.
- a low-pressure mercury lamp, a medium-pressure mercury lamp, a high-pressure mercury lamp, an ultrahigh-pressure mercury lamp, a xenon lamp, an electrodeless lamp, a light-emitting diode and the like are preferable because they give a CBDA derivative compound in a particularly high yield.
- a high pressure mercury lamp, an ultra high pressure mercury lamp, or a light emitting diode is preferable.
- the light source cooling tube from quartz glass to Pyrex (registered trademark) glass, coloring polymer adhesion to the light source cooling tube and impurities are reduced, and the yield of the CBDA derivative compound is improved. preferable.
- the reaction temperature is preferably from ⁇ 20 to 80 ° C., more preferably from ⁇ 10 to 80, because a polymer is by-produced when the temperature is high, and the solubility of the maleic anhydride compound is lowered and the production efficiency is reduced when the temperature is low. 50 ° C. In particular, at a temperature of 0 to 20 ° C., the formation of by-products is greatly suppressed, and a CBDA derivative compound can be obtained with high selectivity and yield.
- the reaction time varies depending on the amount of maleic anhydride compound charged, the type of light source, the irradiation amount, etc., but the unreacted maleic anhydride compound is preferably 0 to 40%, more preferably 0 to 10%. Can be done in time. Specifically, the reaction time is usually 1 to 200 hours, preferably 1 to 100 hours, and more preferably 1 to 60 hours.
- the conversion rate can be obtained by analyzing the reaction solution by gas chromatography or the like.
- reaction time becomes longer, the conversion rate of the maleic anhydride compound increases, and the amount of CBDA derivative compound deposited increases, the produced CBDA derivative compound begins to adhere to the outer wall (reaction liquid side) of the light source cooling tube, and the decomposition reaction The coloration of crystals due to the simultaneous use of light and a decrease in light efficiency (yield per unit of power x time) are observed. Therefore, in order to increase the conversion rate of the maleic anhydride compound, it is not preferable to spend a long time in one batch with a decrease in production efficiency.
- reaction can be performed by a batch type or a distribution type, a batch type is preferable.
- the pressure during the reaction may be normal pressure or increased pressure, but is preferably normal pressure.
- the amount of the organic solvent used for washing the filtered material may be an amount that can transfer the precipitate remaining in the reaction tank to the filter.
- the amount of the organic solvent used for washing the filtered product is preferably 0.5 to 10 times by weight, more preferably 1 to 2 times by weight, based on the maleic anhydride compound used in the reaction.
- organic solvents used for washing the filtered product are the reaction solvents used for the photodimerization reaction, such as methyl formate, ethyl formate, n-propyl formate, i-propyl formate, n-butyl formate, and formic acid i.
- ethyl acetate, dimethyl carbonate, or acetic anhydride is preferable, and ethyl acetate or dimethyl carbonate is more preferable.
- the compound after washing the filtered product is further washed with stirring in an organic solvent at room temperature or with heating, and the precipitate is collected by filtration to obtain 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetra represented by the formula (2).
- the purity of the carboxylic acid-1,2: 3,4-dianhydride derivative can be improved.
- a 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic acid-1,2: 3,4-dianhydride derivative represented by the high purity formula (2) is used, a low purity product is used.
- the organic solvent used for washing is not particularly limited, but use of a solvent having a high solubility of the product is not preferable because the target compound is transferred to the filtrate and the recovery rate is lowered. For this reason, the preferable organic solvent used for the washing
- ethyl acetate, dimethyl carbonate, acetonitrile, or acetic anhydride is preferable, and acetic anhydride is more preferable because the hydrolyzate can be closed.
- ⁇ 1 H NMR analysis conditions Apparatus: Fourier transform type superconducting nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus (FT-NMR) INOVA-400 (manufactured by Varian) 400 MHz, Solvent: DMSO-d6, internal standard: tetramethylsilane (TMS).
- FT-NMR Fourier transform type superconducting nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus
- INOVA-400 manufactured by Varian 400 MHz
- Solvent DMSO-d6
- internal standard tetramethylsilane (TMS).
- ⁇ Melting point analysis conditions Equipment: DSC1 (Metler Toledo), Temperature: 35 ° C-5 ° C / min-400 ° C, Pan: Au (sealed).
- Comparative Examples 3 to 10 and Examples 1 to 9 A series of operations were carried out in the same manner as in Comparative Example 2 by adding 20 wt% of sensitizer to citraconic anhydride (CA). In the same manner as in Comparative Example 2, the residual ratio of citraconic anhydride (CA) and the ratio of 1,3-DM-CBDA to 1,2-DM-CBDA (1,3-DM-CBDA: 1,2-DM-CBDA) was calculated.
- the types and results of added sensitizers are shown in the table below. Further, the residual ratio of citraconic anhydride, the reaction rate, and the production ratio of 1,3-DM-CBDA and 1,2-DM-CBDA in the reaction solution obtained here were calculated, and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 The results are shown in the table together with the results obtained.
- the reaction rates in the table were calculated from the number of moles of citraconic acid used and the residual ratio of citraconic acid when reacted for 4 hours. Therefore, when the residual ratio of citraconic acid is 0, the reaction rate is 0.22, but the actual reaction rate may be faster.
- citraconic anhydride (CA) 3.5 g (31.2 mmol), 4-chlorobenzophenone (ClBP) 0.70 g (3.23 mmol, citraconic anhydride ( 10 mol% relative to CA) and 136.5 g (1515 mmol) of dimethyl carbonate (39.0 wt% relative to citraconic anhydride (CA)) were stirred and dissolved by stirring with a magnetic stirrer.
- ClBP 4-chlorobenzophenone
- Examples 11-13 A series of operations were carried out in the same manner as in Example 10 with the types of sensitizers shown in the following table. Further, the residual ratio of citraconic anhydride, the reaction rate, and the production ratio of 1,3-DM-CBDA and 1,2-DM-CBDA in the reaction solution obtained here were calculated and obtained in Example 10. The results are shown in the table. The reaction rates in the table are calculated from the number of moles of citraconic acid used and the residual ratio of citraconic acid when reacted for 1 hour.
- the residual ratio of citraconic anhydride (CA) was 88.2%.
- 0.2 g of the reaction solution in the reactor was collected, and the solvent was distilled off with an evaporator at 70-80 Torr.
- Examples 15 and 16 A series of operations were carried out in the same manner as in Example 14 with the amount of 4,4′-dichlorobenzophenone (DClBP) added as shown in the following table.
- DClBP 4,4′-dichlorobenzophenone
- the residual ratio of citraconic anhydride, the reaction rate, and the production ratio of 1,3-DM-CBDA and 1,2-DM-CBDA in the reaction solution obtained here were calculated.
- the results are shown in the table together with the results obtained in Example 14.
- the reaction rate of Comparative Example 11 in the table is the number of moles of citraconic acid used and the reaction time for 6 hours
- the reaction rate of Examples 14-16 is the number of moles of citraconic acid used and 2 hours. It is calculated from the residual ratio of citraconic acid at the time of reaction.
- Example 17 In a nitrogen atmosphere, in a 300 mL Pyrex (registered trademark) glass 5-neck flask, citraconic anhydride (CA) 28.0 g (250 mmol), 4,4'-dichlorobenzophenone (DClBP) 0.313 g (1.25 mmol, citraconic acid) 0.5 mol% with respect to the anhydride (CA)) and 158 g of dimethyl carbonate (1799 mmol, 5.66 wt times with respect to the citraconic anhydride (CA)) were charged and dissolved by stirring with a magnetic stirrer. Thereafter, a 100 W high-pressure mercury lamp was irradiated for 2 hours while stirring at 10-15 ° C.
- CA citraconic anhydride
- DClBP 4,4'-dichlorobenzophenone
- Example 18 A series of operations were carried out in the same manner as in Example 17 with the amount of 4,4′-dichlorobenzophenone (DClBP) added as shown in the following table. Further, the residual ratio of citraconic anhydride, the reaction rate, and the production ratio of 1,3-DM-CBDA and 1,2-DM-CBDA in the reaction solution obtained here were calculated and obtained in Example 17. The results are shown in the table. The reaction rates in the table are calculated from the number of moles of citraconic acid used and the residual ratio of citraconic acid when reacted for 2 hours.
- DClBP 4,4′-dichlorobenzophenone
- DClBP 4,4'-dichlorobenzophenone
- FIG. 1 shows a molecular model assembled based on the X-ray structure analysis of a single crystal.
- a single crystal for X-ray structure analysis was prepared by dissolving 1,3-DM-CBDA obtained by the above method in ethyl acetate and dropwise adding n-hexane as a poor solvent.
- FIG. 2 shows a molecular model assembled based on the X-ray structure analysis of a single crystal.
- a single crystal for X-ray structure analysis was prepared by dissolving 1,3-DM-CBDA obtained by the above method in ethyl acetate and dropping n-hexane as a poor solvent.
- maleic anhydride (MA) 0.10 g (1.02 mmol), benzophenone (BP) 0.0186 g (0.102 mmol, maleic anhydride (MA) 10 mol%) and 20 g of ethyl acetate (227 mmol, 200 wt times with respect to maleic anhydride (MA)) were stirred and dissolved with a magnetic stirrer. Thereafter, a 100 W high-pressure mercury lamp was irradiated for 1 hour while stirring at 5-10 ° C.
- the residual ratio of maleic anhydride (MA) was 80.3%. Further, 2 g of the reaction solution in the reactor was collected, and the solvent was distilled off with an evaporator at 70-80 Torr. The obtained crude product was confirmed to be a mixture containing CBDA by 1 H NMR analysis.
- Comparative Examples 15-16 and Examples 21-27 A series of operations were carried out in the same manner as in Comparative Example 14 with the addition of 10 mol% sensitizer with respect to maleic anhydride (MA). The types and results of added sensitizers are shown in the table below. Moreover, the residual rate and reaction rate of the maleic anhydride in the obtained reaction liquid were computed. The results obtained in Comparative Examples 13 and 14 are shown in Table 5 together with the results obtained. The reaction rates in the table were calculated from the number of moles of maleic anhydride used and the residual ratio of maleic anhydride when reacted for 1 hour.
- MA maleic anhydride
- Examples 21 to 27 using benzophenone substituted with an electron withdrawing group are Comparative Example 13 using no sensitizer, Comparative Example 14 using unsubstituted benzophenone or acetophenone, and 15 as well as Comparative Example 16 using benzophenone substituted with an electron donating group, the reaction rate is faster.
- the cyclobutanetetracarboxylic acid derivative obtained in the present invention is a compound useful as a raw material for polyimide and the like, and the polyimide and the like are industrially used as a resin composition used in the field of displays such as televisions using liquid crystal panels and in the semiconductor field. Used above.
Abstract
Description
1.下記式(1)で表される無水マレイン酸化合物を、電子求引性基が置換したベンゾフェノン、電子求引性基が置換したアセトフェノン又は電子求引性基が置換したベンズアルデヒドの存在下で、光二量化反応させることを特徴とする、式(2)で表される1,2,3,4-シクロブタンテトラカルボン酸-1,2:3,4-二無水物誘導体の製造方法。
2.Rがメチル基である上記1に記載の製造方法。
3.Rが水素原子である上記1に記載の製造方法。
4.電子求引性基が、フルオロ基、クロロ基、ブロモ基、ヨード基、ニトロ基、シアノ基、及びトリフルオロメチル基からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である、上記1~3のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
5.電子求引性基の数が、1~5個である、上記1~4のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
6.電子求引性基が置換したベンゾフェノン、電子求引性基が置換したアセトフェノン、又は電子求引性基が置換したベンズアルデヒドが、無水マレイン酸化合物に対し0.1~20モル%である、上記1~5のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
7.反応溶媒中で光二量化反応させる、上記1~6のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
8.反応溶媒が、有機カルボン酸のエステル若しくは無水物、又は炭酸エステルである、上記7に記載の製造方法。
9.反応溶媒が、酢酸エチル又は炭酸ジメチルである、上記7又は8に記載の製造方法。
10.反応溶媒が、無水マレイン酸化合物に対し3~300質量倍使用される、上記7~9のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
11.反応溶媒の使用量が、無水マレイン酸化合物に対し3~10質量倍である、上記7~9のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
12.反応温度が、0~20℃である、上記1~11のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
なお、nはノルマルを、iはイソを、sはセカンダリーを、tはターシャリーを、それぞれ表す。
光反応効率が高いことから、これらの中では、無水シトラコン酸、2-エチル無水マレイン酸、2-イソプロピル無水マレイン酸、2-n-ブチル無水マレイン酸、2-t-ブチル無水マレイン酸、2-n-ペンチルマレイン酸無水物、2-n-ヘキシルマレイン酸無水物、2-n-ヘプチルマレイン酸無水物、2-n-オクチルマレイン酸無水物、2-n-ノニルマレイン酸無水物、2-n-デシルマレイン酸無水物、又は2-n-ドデシルマレイン酸無水物が好ましく、無水シトラコン酸、2-エチル無水マレイン酸、2-イソプロピル無水マレイン酸、2-n-ブチル無水マレイン酸、2-t-ブチル無水マレイン酸、2-n-ペンチルマレイン酸無水物、又は2-n-ヘキシルマレイン酸無水物がより好ましい。
有機カルボン酸のエステルの好ましい例としては、ギ酸メチル、ギ酸エチル、ギ酸n-プロピル、ギ酸i-プロピル、ギ酸n-ブチル、ギ酸i-ブチル、酢酸メチル、酢酸エチル、酢酸n-プロピル、酢酸i-プロピル、酢酸n-ブチル、酢酸i-ブチル、プロピオン酸メチル、プロピオン酸エチル、プロピオン酸n-プロピル、プロピオン酸i-プロピル、プロピオン酸n-ブチル、プロピオン酸i-ブチルが挙げられる。更に、エチレングリコールジホルメート、エチレングリコールジアセテート、エチレングリコールジプロピオネートなども使用できる。
また、有機カルボン酸の無水物としては、式:(R1CO)2O(但し、R1は、好ましい態様も含めて上記と同義である。)で表されるものが好ましい。その好ましい具体例は、無水プロピオン酸、酪酸無水物、無水トリフルオロ酢酸、又は無水酢酸である。なかでも、より高回収率で1,3-DACBDAが得られる点から無水酢酸が好ましい。
また、反応装置としては、光源冷却管を石英ガラスからパイレックス(登録商標)ガラスに変えることにより、光源冷却管への着色ポリマー付着や不純物が減少し、CBDA誘導体化合物の収率改善が見られるので好ましい。
反応時間は、具体的には、通常、1~200時間、好ましくは1~100時間、さらに好ましくは、1~60時間である。
なお、転化率はガスクロマトグラフィーなどで反応液を分析することにより求めることができる。
なお、反応はバッチ式又は流通式で行うことが可能であるが、バッチ式が好ましい。また、反応時の圧力は、常圧でも加圧でもよいが、好ましくは常圧である。
また、ろ取物洗浄後の化合物をさらに有機溶媒中で常温または加熱で撹拌洗浄し、析出物をろ取することで、式(2)で表される1,2,3,4-シクロブタンテトラカルボン酸-1,2:3,4-二無水物誘導体の純度を向上させることができる。高純度の式(2)で表される1,2,3,4-シクロブタンテトラカルボン酸-1,2:3,4-二無水物誘導体の品を用いた場合、低純度品を用いて製造したポリマーよりも高分子量かつ低分散のポリマーを得ることが可能であるため、高分子量かつ低分散のポリマーを得る観点から高純度の式(2)で表される1,2,3,4-シクロブタンテトラカルボン酸-1,2:3,4-二無水物誘導体の方が好ましい。
この時洗浄に使用する有機溶媒としては、特に限定されないが、生成物の溶解度の高い溶媒の使用は、目的化合物がろ液へ移行してしまい回収率が低下するため好ましくない。このため、上記記載のろ取物洗浄後の洗浄に使用する好ましい有機溶媒が挙げられる。なかでも、酢酸エチル、炭酸ジメチル、アセトニトリル、又は無水酢酸が好ましく、加水分解物を閉環できることから無水酢酸がより好ましい。
<GC分析条件>
装置 :GC-2010 Plus(SHIMADZU社製)、
カラム :DB-1(アジレント・テクノロジー社製)径0.25 mm×長さ30 m、膜厚0.25 um、
キャリアガス:He 、検出器:FID 、試料注入量:1 um 、注入口温度:160℃ 、検出器温度:220℃ 、カラム温度:70℃(20min)-40℃/min-220℃(15min) 、スプリット比:1:50 、内部標準物質:乳酸ブチル。
装置 :フーリエ変感型超伝導核磁気共鳴装置(FT-NMR)INOVA-400(Varian社製) 400 MHz、
溶媒 :DMSO-d6、内標準物質:テトラメチルシラン(TMS)。
<融点分析条件>
装置 :DSC1(メトラー・トレド社製)、
温度 :35℃-5℃/min-400℃、パン:Au(密閉)。
装置 :APEX2(Bruker社製)、
温度 :298K 、X線:Cu。
1H NMR ( DMSO-d6, δ ppm ) ( 1,3-DM-CBDA ): 1.38 ( s, 6H ), 3.89 ( s, 2H ).
1H NMR ( DMSO-d6, δ ppm ) ( 1,2-DM-CBDA ): 1.37 ( s, 6H ), 3.72 ( s, 2H ).
一連の操作は比較例2と同様に、シトラコン酸無水物(CA)に対して、20 wt%の増感剤を添加して実施した。そして、比較例2と同様の方法で、シトラコン酸無水物(CA)の残存率、及び1,3-DM-CBDAと1,2-DM-CBDAの生成比(1,3-DM-CBDA:1,2-DM-CBDA)を算出した。
一連の操作は実施例10と同様に、増感剤の種類を以下の表に示す値にて実施した。また、ここで得られた反応液のシトラコン酸無水物の残存率、反応速度、及び1,3-DM-CBDAと1,2-DM-CBDAの生成比を算出し、実施例10で得られた結果と併せて表に示す。なお、表中の反応速度は、用いたシトラコン酸のモル数と、1時間反応させた時点でのシトラコン酸の残存率から計算している。
窒素雰囲気下、300 mLパイレックス(登録商標)ガラス製5口フラスコに、シトラコン酸無水物(CA)35.0 g (312 mmol)、及び炭酸ジメチル152 g(1682 mmol、シトラコン酸無水物(CA)に対して4.33 wt倍)を仕込み、マグネチックスターラーで攪拌させて溶解させた。その後、10-15℃で撹拌しながら、100W高圧水銀灯を6時間照射した。照射後に反応液をガスクロマトグラフィーで定量分析した結果、シトラコン酸無水物(CA)の残存率は88.5%であった。また、反応器中の反応液を0.2 g採取し、エバポレーターで70-80 Torrにて溶媒留去した。得られた粗物は、1H NMR解析によって、1,3-DM-CBDAと1,2-DM-CBDAを含む混合物(1,3-DM-CBDA:1,2-DM-CBDA = 41.7:58.3)であることを確認した。
一連の操作は実施例14と同様に、4,4’-ジクロロベンゾフェノン(DClBP)の添加量を以下の表に示す値にて実施した。また、ここで得られた反応液のシトラコン酸無水物の残存率、反応速度、及び1,3-DM-CBDAと1,2-DM-CBDAの生成比を算出し、比較例11、及び実施例14で得られた結果と併せて表に示す。なお、表中の比較例11の反応速度は、用いたシトラコン酸のモル数と、6時間反応させた時点、実施例14-16の反応速度は、用いたシトラコン酸のモル数と、2時間反応させた時点でのシトラコン酸の残存率から計算している。
窒素雰囲気下、300 mLパイレックス(登録商標)ガラス製5口フラスコに、シトラコン酸無水物(CA)28.0 g (250 mmol)、4,4’-ジクロロベンゾフェノン(DClBP)0.313 g (1.25 mmol、シトラコン酸無水物(CA)に対して0.5 mol%)、及び炭酸ジメチル158 g(1799 mmol、シトラコン酸無水物(CA)に対して5.66 wt倍)を仕込み、マグネチックスターラーで攪拌させて溶解させた。その後、10-15℃で撹拌しながら、100W高圧水銀灯を2時間照射した。照射後に反応液をガスクロマトグラフィーで定量分析した結果、シトラコン酸無水物(CA)の残存率は79.7%であった。また、反応器中の反応液を0.2 g採取し、エバポレーターで70-80 Torrにて溶媒留去した。得られた粗物は、1H NMR解析によって、1,3-DM-CBDAと1,2-DM-CBDAを含む混合物(1,3-DM-CBDA:1,2-DM-CBDA = 43.9:56.1)であることを確認した。
一連の操作は実施例17と同様に、4,4’-ジクロロベンゾフェノン(DClBP)の添加量を以下の表に示す値にて実施した。また、ここで得られた反応液のシトラコン酸無水物の残存率、反応速度、及び1,3-DM-CBDAと1,2-DM-CBDAの生成比を算出し、実施例17で得られた結果と併せて表に示す。なお、表中の反応速度は、用いたシトラコン酸のモル数と、2時間反応させた時点でのシトラコン酸の残存率から計算している。
窒素雰囲気下、300 mLパイレックス(登録商標)ガラス製5口フラスコに、シトラコン酸無水物(CA)35.0 g (312 mmol)、及び炭酸ジメチル152 g(1682 mmol、シトラコン酸無水物(CA)に対して4.33 wt倍)を仕込み、マグネチックスターラーで攪拌させて溶解させた。その後、10-15℃で撹拌しながら、100W高圧水銀灯を48時間照射した。反応液はガスクロマトグラフィー分析により、原料残存率が23.7%であることを確認した。その後、析出した白色結晶を10-15℃にてろ過により取り出し、この結晶を酢酸エチル43.8 g(497 mmol、シトラコン酸無水物(CA)に対して1.25 wt倍)で2回洗浄した。次いで、これを減圧乾燥して、白色結晶8.1 g(収率23.2%)を得た。この結晶は、1H NMR解析により、1,3-DM-CBDAと1,2-DM-CBDAを含む混合物(1,3-DM-CBDA:1,2-DM-CBDA = 90.3:9.7)であることを確認した。また、得られた、結晶、ろ液、及び洗浄液を、それぞれ1H NMR解析及びガスクロマトグラフィーで定量分析した。仕込量に対するマスバランスは88.9%であった。
窒素雰囲気下、300 mLパイレックス(登録商標)ガラス製5口フラスコに、シトラコン酸無水物(CA)28.0 g (250 mmol)、4,4’-ジクロロベンゾフェノン(DClBP)0.628 g (2.50 mmol、シトラコン酸無水物(CA)に対して1.0 mol%)、及び炭酸ジメチル158 g(1799 mmol、シトラコン酸無水物(CA)に対して5.66 wt倍)を仕込み、マグネチックスターラーで攪拌させて溶解させた。その後、10-15℃で撹拌しながら、100W高圧水銀灯を14時間照射した。反応液はガスクロマトグラフィー分析により原料残存率が3.8%であることを確認した。その後、析出した白色結晶を10-15℃にてろ過により取り出し、この結晶を酢酸エチル35.0 g(397 mmol、シトラコン酸無水物(CA)に対して1.25 wt倍)で2回洗浄した。次いで、これを減圧乾燥して、白色結晶6.9 g(収率24.7%)を得た。この結晶は、1H NMR解析により、1,3-DM-CBDAと1,2-DM-CBDAを含む混合物(1,3-DM-CBDA:1,2-DM-CBDA = 91.8:8.2)であることを確認した。また、得られた、結晶、ろ液、及び洗浄液を、それぞれ1H NMR解析及びガスクロマトグラフィーで定量分析した。仕込量に対するマスバランスは90.2%であった。
1H NMR ( DMSO-d6, δ ppm ) ( 1,3-DM-CBDA ): 1.38 ( s, 6H ), 3.89 ( s, 2H ).
1H NMR ( DMSO-d6, δ ppm ) ( 1,2-DM-CBDA ): 1.37 ( s, 6H ), 3.72 ( s, 2H ).
mp. ( 1,3-DM-CBDA ):316.45℃
分子式;C10H8O6 、分子量;224.16 、晶系;Orthorhombic 、空間群;Pbca 、格子定数;a = 11.2988(3)A、b = 6.9330(2)A、c = 12.1220(4)A、α = 90°、β = 90°、γ = 90° 、Z値 = 4 、R(gt)= 0.11 、wR(gt)= 0.32。
1H NMR ( DMSO-d6, δ ppm ) ( 1,3-DM-CBDA ): 1.38 ( s, 6H ), 3.89 ( s, 2H ).
1H NMR ( DMSO-d6, δ ppm ) ( 1,2-DM-CBDA ): 1.37 ( s, 6H ), 3.72 ( s, 2H ).
mp. ( 1,3-DM-CBDA ):316.82℃
分子式;C10H8O6 、分子量;224.16 、晶系;Orthorhombic 、空間群;Pbca 、格子定数;a = 11.3082(8)A、b = 6.9168(6)A、c = 12.1479(9)A、α = 90°、β = 90°、γ = 90°、Z値 = 4 、R(gt)= 0.1192 、wR(gt)= 0.3183。
1H NMR ( DMSO-d6, δ ppm ) ( CBDA ): 3.87 ( s, 4H ).
一連の操作は比較例14と同様に、マレイン酸無水物(MA)に対して10 mol%の増感剤を添加して実施した。添加した増感剤の種類及び結果を以下の表に示す。また、得られた反応液中のマレイン酸無水物の残存率及び反応速度を算出した。
比較例13及び14で得られた結果と併せて表5に示す。なお、表中の反応速度は、用いたマレイン酸無水物のモル数と、1時間反応させた時点でのマレイン酸無水物の残存率から算出した。
Claims (12)
- Rがメチル基である、請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- Rが水素原子である、請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- 電子求引性基が、フルオロ基、クロロ基、ブロモ基、ヨード基、ニトロ基、シアノ基、及びトリフルオロメチル基からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 電子求引性基の数が、1~5個である、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 電子求引性基が置換したベンゾフェノン、電子求引性基が置換したアセトフェノン、又は電子求引性基が置換したベンズアルデヒドが、無水マレイン酸化合物に対し0.1~20モル%である、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 反応溶媒中で光二量化反応させる、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 反応溶媒が、有機カルボン酸のエステル若しくは無水物、又は炭酸エステルである、請求項7に記載の製造方法。
- 反応溶媒が、酢酸エチル又は炭酸ジメチルである、請求項7又は8に記載の製造方法。
- 反応溶媒が、無水マレイン酸化合物に対し3~300質量倍使用される、請求項7~9のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 反応溶媒の使用量が、無水マレイン酸化合物に対し3~10質量倍である、請求項7~9のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 反応温度が、0~20℃である、請求項1~11のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
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TW201542562A (zh) | 2015-11-16 |
KR20160108333A (ko) | 2016-09-19 |
JP6565685B2 (ja) | 2019-08-28 |
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KR102254089B1 (ko) | 2021-05-18 |
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