WO2015079505A1 - 硬質潤滑被膜および硬質潤滑被膜被覆工具 - Google Patents
硬質潤滑被膜および硬質潤滑被膜被覆工具 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/0021—Reactive sputtering or evaporation
- C23C14/0036—Reactive sputtering
- C23C14/0073—Reactive sputtering by exposing the substrates to reactive gases intermittently
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/28—Features relating to lubricating or cooling
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/0635—Carbides
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/0641—Nitrides
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/0664—Carbonitrides
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/0676—Oxynitrides
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
- C23C14/3435—Applying energy to the substrate during sputtering
- C23C14/345—Applying energy to the substrate during sputtering using substrate bias
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/50—Substrate holders
- C23C14/505—Substrate holders for rotation of the substrates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
- C23C28/042—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material including a refractory ceramic layer, e.g. refractory metal oxides, ZrO2, rare earth oxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
- C23C28/044—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material coatings specially adapted for cutting tools or wear applications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/40—Coatings including alternating layers following a pattern, a periodic or defined repetition
- C23C28/42—Coatings including alternating layers following a pattern, a periodic or defined repetition characterized by the composition of the alternating layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2228/00—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner
- B23C2228/04—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner applied by chemical vapour deposition [CVD]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2228/00—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner
- B23C2228/08—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner applied by physical vapour deposition [PVD]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2228/00—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner
- B23C2228/10—Coating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hard lubricating coating provided on the surface of a base material and a hard lubricating coating coated tool coated with the hard lubricating coating, and more particularly to an improvement for improving both hardness and wear resistance.
- Cutting tools such as drills and taps that cut materials such as carbon steel, stainless steel, and mild steel have properties such as wear resistance that lead to longer hardness and tool life necessary for cutting work materials. Desired. Therefore, a hard coating is provided on the surface of the base material of the cutting tool so as to improve the wear resistance.
- a hard coating is provided on the surface of the base material of the cutting tool so as to improve the wear resistance.
- coatings such as TiN, CrN, and TiAlN are widely used, and improvements are made to further improve the performance.
- the hard laminated film described in patent document 1 and patent document 2 is it.
- Patent Document 1 Ti a Cr b Al c Mo 1-abc a first layer of a nitride or carbonitride, Ti d Cr e Al 1- de of the second consisting of nitride or carbonitride
- a hard laminated film composed of a multilayer film in which two or more layers are alternately laminated is a single layer made of nitride or carbonitride of Ti a Cr b Al c Mo 1-abc in Patent Document 2.
- Hard laminate coatings composed of films have been proposed.
- the base material on which the hard multilayer coating is formed by the conventional technology as described above is still insufficient in lubricity and wear resistance. Therefore, a cutting tool composed of the base material due to chipping or wear has an early life. There was a problem that it might lead to. Accordingly, there has been a demand for the development of a hard laminate film that is hard and wear-resistant.
- the present invention has been made against the background described above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a hard lubricant film and a hard lubricant film-coated tool that are hard and wear-resistant.
- titanium (Ti) is easily oxidized, it is intended not to include Ti as an element constituting the coating, so that chromium (Cr), molybdenum ( Mo, tungsten (W), vanadium (V) and boron (B) are constituent elements of the A layer and B layer, and oxygen is introduced into the B layer, Cr, Mo, W and V oxides, oxycarbides
- a fine structure of oxynitride or oxycarbonitride is formed, or a multiphase structure in which a crystalline phase and an amorphous phase are mixed is formed in the B layer, so that higher lubricity is obtained while being hard. I found the fact that.
- the present invention has been made based on such findings.
- the gist of the first invention is a hard lubricating film coated on the surface of the base material, and nitrided (Cr a Mo b W c V d B e ) 1-xy C x N y
- c is 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.3
- x is 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.6
- y is 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.6
- x + y + z is 0.3 ⁇ x + y + z ⁇ 0.6
- the thickness of the A layer is 2 nm to 1000 nm
- the thickness of the B layer is 2 nm to 500 nm.
- the hard lubricating film is characterized in that the film thickness is in the range of 0.1 ⁇ m to 10.0 ⁇ m.
- the gist of the second invention is characterized in that in the hard lubricating film of the first invention, the B layer is a mixture of a crystalline phase and an amorphous phase.
- the hard lubricating coating according to the first aspect of the present invention includes an A layer made of (Cr a Mo b W c V d B e ) 1-xy C x N y nitride, carbide or carbonitride, (Cr a Mo b W c V d B e) 2 oxide 1-x-y-z C x N y O z, oxynitride, and a B layer made of oxycarbide or oxycarbonitride was alternately Since the layer A is formed by forming CrMoWVB nitride, carbide or carbonitride, and the layer B is formed of Mo, W and Crystal structure of NaCl structure formed by microstructure of V oxide, oxycarbide, oxynitride or oxycarbonitride, or possessed by Mo, W and V oxycarbide, oxynitride or oxycarbonitride ( ⁇ - (Cr, Mo, W , V) such as N and ⁇
- the B layer has a multiphase structure in which a crystalline phase and an amorphous phase are mixed.
- the crystal phase of the NaCl structure such as ⁇ - (Cr, Mo, W, V) N and ⁇ -Mo 2 N
- the oxycarbides, oxynitrides or oxycarbonitrides of Mo, W and V By forming a multiphase structure with the amorphous phase, it is possible to obtain a hard lubricating coating and a hard lubricating coating coated tool that are hard and wear resistant.
- FIG. 2 is a conceptual cross-sectional view for explaining a laminated structure of a surface portion of the end mill of FIG. 1. It is a process chart for forming the end mill of FIG. It is a schematic block diagram explaining the sputtering device used suitably when forming the end mill of FIG. It is a figure which shows the structure of the abrasion friction test machine used for the friction abrasion test for verifying the effect of the hard film of this invention.
- FIG. 3 is a photograph taken by a transmission electron microscope (TEM) of a B layer in the hard coating of test product 1.
- FIG. 1 is a front view of an end mill 12 covered with a hard coating 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from a direction perpendicular to the axis C thereof.
- the end mill 12 is a rotary cutting tool in which a shank and a blade portion 16 are integrally provided on a tool base material 14 made of, for example, a cemented carbide.
- the blade portion 16 is provided with an outer peripheral blade 18 and a bottom blade 20 as cutting blades.
- the outer peripheral blade 16 is attached to a cutting device (not shown) and rotated around the axis C by the cutting device. And the cutting work is performed on the work material by the bottom blade 18.
- the hard coating 10 corresponds to the hard lubricating coating of the present invention
- the tool base 14 corresponds to the base of the present invention
- the end mill 12 corresponds to the hard lubricating coating coated tool of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a conceptual cross-sectional view for explaining the laminated structure of the surface portion of the end mill 12 of FIG.
- the surface of the end mill 12 is coated with a hard coating 10 covering the surface.
- the hatched portion in FIG. 1 shows a portion of the end mill 12 where the hard coating 10 is provided.
- the hard coating 10 is preferably a surface of the tool base material 14 corresponding to the blade portion 16 in the end mill 12. It is provided with a coating.
- the hard coating 10 of this example is a multilayer film in which two or more A layers 22 not containing oxygen elements and B layers 24 containing oxygen elements are alternately stacked.
- the A layer 22 and the B layer 24 are made of a material that satisfies the chemical composition shown below.
- (Cr 0.4 Mo 0.6 ) 0.52 N 0.48 is preferably exemplified as the A layer 22 in the hard coating 10.
- the B layer 24 is an oxide, oxynitride, oxycarbide, or oxycarbonitride of (Cr a Mo b W c V d B e ) 1-xyz C x N y O z
- the atomic ratio a is 0.2 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.7
- b is 0.05 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.6
- c is 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.3
- d is 0 ⁇ d ⁇ 0.05
- e 1.
- -Abcd is 0 ⁇ e ⁇ 0.05, x is 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.6, y is 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.6, z is 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 0.6, x + y + z is 0 .3 ⁇ x + y + z ⁇ 0.6.
- the B layer 24 in the hard coating 10, and (Cr 0.4 Mo 0.6) 0.49 N 0.25 O 0.26 is preferably exemplified.
- the thickness D1 of the A layer 22 is in the range of 2 nm to 1000 nm
- the thickness D2 of the B layer 24 is in the range of 2 nm to 500 nm
- the total thickness D of the hard coating 10 is 0. It is set within a range of 1 ⁇ m or more and 10.0 ⁇ m or less. That is, the number of layers of the A layer 22 and the B layer 24 is appropriately determined as long as it does not deviate from the above numerical range related to the total film thickness D of the hard coating 10 and the film thicknesses D1 and D2 of the coating layers 22 and 24.
- a multilayer film having one A layer 22 and one B layer 24 may be used.
- the film thicknesses D1 of the plurality of A layers 22 in the hard coating 10 may be all equal or different from each other within the above numerical range.
- the film thicknesses D2 of the plurality of B layers 24 in the hard coating 10 may all be equal, or may be different from each other within the above numerical range.
- the stacking order of the A layer 22 and the B layer 24 is preferably A layer 22, B layer 24,..., A layer 22 from the tool base material 14 side as shown in FIG. , B layer 24 are laminated in this order. That is, the base layer (the lowermost layer in contact with the tool base material 14) of the hard coating 10 is the A layer, and the surface layer (the uppermost layer of the hard coating 10) is the B layer.
- FIG. 3 is a process chart for forming the end mill 12 of FIG. 1
- FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram (schematic diagram) for explaining a sputtering apparatus 26 suitably used for forming the end mill 12 of FIG. .
- the cemented carbide which is the base material of the tool base material 14 is ground to obtain the tool base material 14.
- the cemented carbide is first subjected to cylindrical grinding to form a rough shape of the tool base material 14, that is, a cylindrical shape having an axis.
- groove grinding is performed to form a spiral groove or the like on the outer peripheral side surface on one end side of the columnar shape.
- a sharpening is applied to the tip so that the convex portion generated by forming the groove becomes an outer peripheral blade or a bottom blade for cutting the work material.
- the cleaning process P ⁇ b> 2 the surface of the tool base material 14 is cleaned prior to the coating of the hard coating 10.
- the surface of the tool base material 14 is roughened by the sputtering apparatus 26 as a pretreatment.
- the end mill 12 is formed by coating the hard coating 10 on the blade portion of the tool base material 14 by the sputtering apparatus 26.
- an inspection is performed to determine whether or not the end mill 12 coated with the hard coating 10 satisfies a use standard as a cutting tool.
- the sputtering apparatus 26 includes a chamber 28, a rotating shaft that passes through a substantially central through hole in the bottom surface of the chamber 28, and a disk-shaped base 30 that is fixed to one end of the rotating shaft inside the chamber 28. .
- the tool base material 14 is heated to about 500 ° C.
- argon (Ar) gas is introduced into the chamber 28 while the inside of the chamber 28 is maintained at a vacuum level equal to or lower than a predetermined pressure.
- a bias voltage of ⁇ 200 to ⁇ 500 V for example, is applied to the tool base material 14 by the bias power source 32, and the surface of the tool base material 14 is etched by Ar ions generated by glow discharge generated in Ar gas. Is called.
- Ar gas is exhausted from the chamber 28.
- a film forming process P4 is subsequently performed.
- a constant cathode voltage (for example, about ⁇ 100 to ⁇ 500 V) is applied to the targets 34 and 35 such as Cr and Mo constituting the hard coating 10 by the power source 36, and the tool base material 14 is constant by the bias power source 32.
- a negative bias voltage (for example, about ⁇ 100 V)
- the voltage applied by the power source 36 and the bias power source 32 is controlled by a controller 38.
- a reactive gas such as nitrogen gas (N 2 ), hydrocarbon gas (CH 4 , C 2 H 2 ) or oxygen gas (O 2 ) in addition to argon gas is selectively selected at a predetermined flow rate and pressure.
- the introduced nitrogen atom (N), carbon atom (C) or oxygen atom (O) is combined with Cr or Mo struck out from the target 34 to form an A layer 22 such as (Cr 0.4 Mo 0.6 ) 0.52 N
- a nitride such as 0.48 and a carbide such as (Cr 0.55 Mo 0.45 ) 0.6 C 0.4 are formed, and an oxynitride such as (Cr 0.4 Mo 0.6 ) 0.49 N 0.25 O 0.26 is formed as the B layer 24.
- the tool base material 14 is further rotated with respect to the base 30 on the base 30 rotated with respect to the chamber 28, they are coated on the surface of the tool base 14 as a uniform hard coating 10. It is done.
- the A layer 22 and the B layer 24 are controlled only by controlling the composition ratios related to Cr, Mo, W, V, and B and various reaction gases during film formation, or only by controlling various reaction gases during film formation.
- a coating of is formed. For example, since oxygen (O) gas as a reaction gas is unnecessary when coating the A layer 22, the A layer 22 is formed by turning off the introduction of oxygen (O) gas into the chamber 28. The Then, according to the switching of the reaction gas and the selection of the targets 34 and 35, the alternate coating on the tool base material 14 of the A layer 22 and the B layer 24 is repeated, and finally the end mill coated with the hard coating 10 12 is formed.
- the hard coating 10 thus coated on the end mill 12 includes an A layer 22 which is a nitride, carbide or carbonitride of (Cr a Mo b W c V d B e ) 1-xy C x N y. , (Cr a Mo b W c V d B e ) 1-xyz C x N y O z oxide, oxynitride, oxycarbide or oxycarbonitride B layer 24 alternately Since the laminated structure is formed, a fine structure of 1 nm or less is formed as an intermediate layer between the A layer 22 and the B layer 24, so that the wear resistance is excellent, and the tool life of the end mill 12 is improved. As a result.
- the hard coating 10 is formed by stacking the A layer 22 and the B layer 24 controlled by the presence or absence of introduction of the reactive gas in the sputtering apparatus 26, each of the A layer 22 and the B layer 24 is provided. Since it has excellent interfacial smoothness and adhesion, it has high hardness and excellent wear resistance and toughness.
- Table 1 shows the thin film compositions of layer A and layer B of test products 1 to 40 and comparative products 1 to 6 subjected to this test, and Table 2 shows layer A of test products 1 to 40 and comparative products 1 to 6. Each film thickness and total film thickness of the B layer and the results of each test are shown.
- the test products 1 to 40 satisfy the conditions of each film structure and film thickness of the hard coating 10, and the comparative products 1 to 6 do not satisfy the conditions required for the hard coating 10.
- the hardness H (GPa) of the film in Table 2 was determined as follows. First, a hemispherical end face of a test piece made of a cemented carbide pin having a diameter of 6 mm ⁇ is coated with a hard film so as to satisfy the conditions of each film structure and film thickness shown in Table 1, and used for a film hardness test.
- the test pieces 40 of the products 1 to 40 and the comparative products 1 to 6 were prepared in the same process as the processes indicated by P2, P3, and P4 in FIG. About the created said test piece 40, the hardness of each film
- a triangular pyramid type indenter made of a diamond tip at the tip was pushed into the surface of the test piece 40 covered with the hard coating with the load P, and the projected area A under the indenter was calculated.
- the film hardness H (GPa) is calculated by dividing the load P by the area A.
- the friction coefficient ⁇ in Table 2 was obtained by conducting a frictional wear test as follows. First, a hard film was coated on the hemispherical end face of the test piece so as to satisfy the conditions of each film structure and film thickness shown in Table 1, and test pieces 40 corresponding to the test products 1 to 40 and the comparative products 1 to 6 were prepared. . Each of the prepared test pieces 40 was installed in a pin-on-disk wear friction tester 42.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the configuration of the abrasion friction tester 42.
- the abrasion friction tester 42 includes a disk-shaped rotary stage 44 that is driven to rotate about the rotation center, a work material 46 that is fixed to the center of the rotary stage 44, and the rotation center of the work material 46.
- a load weight 50 that obliquely presses the hemispherical end portion 48 coated with the hard coating of the above-mentioned test products 1 to 40 and comparative products 1 to 6 at a predetermined angle from the rotation center by a predetermined applied load W at a position shifted from the center.
- a stress sensor 52 that detects a tensile force F received by the hemispherical end 48 pressed against the rotary stage 44 in the test piece 40 when the rotary stage 44 is rotated at a predetermined linear velocity.
- Test piece 40 Carbide indenter (diameter 6mm ⁇ ) ⁇ Work material 46: S45C (diameter 25 mm ⁇ ) -Applied load W: 2 (N) -Linear velocity: 250 (mm / min) ⁇ Test time: 600 (s) ⁇ Temperature: 21 (°C) ⁇ Humidity: 52 (%)
- the friction coefficient ⁇ of the test products 1 to 40 and the comparative products 1 to 6 was evaluated based on the average value of the friction coefficients measured from 200 seconds to 600 seconds after the start of the test in the friction and wear test.
- the wear depth in Table 2 was determined as follows. Abrasion depth (nm) of wear marks of hard coating due to friction with work material 46 formed on hemispherical end 48 of test products 1 to 40 and comparative products 1 to 6 after being subjected to the wear friction test ) was measured with a laser microscope.
- the hardness H of the film was 28.0 GPa or more in all of the test products 1 to 40 coated with the film satisfying the requirements of the hard film 10.
- the hardness is evaluated as soft at 15 to 20 GPa, hard at 30 GPa or more, and brittle at 50 to 60 GPa.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the friction coefficient ⁇ and the wear depth (nm) obtained by the friction wear test for each of the test products 1 to 40 and the comparative products 1 to 6. That is, FIG. 6 is a graph of the friction coefficient ⁇ and the wear depth (nm) in Table 2.
- the horizontal axis represents the numbers of test products 1 to 40 and comparative products 1 to 6
- the left horizontal axis represents the friction coefficient ⁇ of test products 1 to 40 and comparative products 1 to 6
- the right horizontal axis represents the test product.
- This is the wear depth (nm) of 1 to 40 and Comparative products 1 to 6.
- the friction coefficient ⁇ and the wear depth (nm) of all the test articles 1 to 40 coated with the coating satisfying the requirements of the hard coating 10 are 0.34 or less and It was within 710 nm.
- the A layer 22 made of (Cr a Mo b W c V d B e ) 1-xy C x N y nitride, carbide or carbonitride, and (Cr a Mo b W c V d B e ) 1-xyz C x N y O z oxide, oxynitride, oxycarbide or oxycarbonitride B layer 24 and Cr, Mo, W, V and Films are formed by controlling the composition ratio according to B and various reaction gases at the time of film formation, or formed only by controlling the various reaction gases at the time of film formation.
- test products 1 to 40 coated with the hard coating 10 in the range of 10.0 ⁇ m or less have a film hardness H of 28.0 GPa or more, and their friction coefficient ⁇ and wear depth (nm) are They were 0.34 or less and 710 nm or less, respectively.
- the comparative product 1 is composed of two alternating layers of 1500 nm thick A layer made of (Cr 0.7 Mo 0.3 ) 0.5 N 0.5 and 800 nm thick B layer made of (Cr 0.7 Mo 0.3 ) O 0.1.
- a hard film 10 of the B layer 24 deviates from the range of 0.3 ⁇ x + y + z ⁇ 0.6 of the sum x + y + z of atomic ratios, and the respective film thicknesses and total film thicknesses of the A layer and the B layer are It deviates from the range of 2 nm or more and 500 nm or less according to the film thickness D2 of the B layer 24 and the total film thickness D of 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 10.0 ⁇ m or less according to the film thickness D1.
- the hardness H of the film of the comparative product 1 is 20.0 GPa, which is small compared to the test product, the friction coefficient ⁇ is 0.80, and the wear depth is 1030 nm, which is a large value compared to the test product. It was. From this result, in particular, the sum x + y + z of atomic ratios of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and oxygen (O) related to the B layer 24 is 0.3 or more, the film thickness D1 of the A layer 22 is 1000 nm or less, and the B layer 24 It was verified that the film thickness D2 should be 500 nm or less and the total film thickness D should be 10.0 ⁇ m or less, and the significance of the numerical range according to the present invention was confirmed.
- Comparative product 2 was formed by alternately laminating two layers of an A layer made of Mo 0.3 C 0.7 with a thickness of 1 nm and a B layer made of Mo 0.5 O 0.5 with a thickness of 2 nm. .09 ⁇ m multilayer film, the layer A does not contain chromium (Cr), the atomic ratio b of molybdenum (Mo) is 1, and the sum of the atomic ratios of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) x + y Is 0.7 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.7 of the chromium (Cr) atomic ratio a related to the A layer 22 of the hard coating 10 and 0.05 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.6 of the atomic ratio b of molybdenum, The sum of the atomic ratios of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) x + y deviates from 0.3 ⁇ x + y ⁇ 0.6, respectively, and the layer B does not contain chromium (Cr) and is an atom of molyb
- the atomic ratio b of molybdenum deviates from 0.05 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.6, respectively, and the film thickness of the A layer and the total film pressure are 2 nm or more and 1000 nm or less related to the film thickness D1 of the A layer 22 of the hard coating 10, and the total The film thickness D deviates from the range of 0.1 ⁇ m to 10.0 ⁇ m. Therefore, the hardness H of the film of the comparative product 2 is 15.0 GPa, which is a small value compared to the test product, the friction coefficient ⁇ is 0.65, and the wear depth is 1200 nm, which is large compared to the test product. Value.
- the atomic ratio a of chromium (Cr) in the A layer 22 is 0.2 or more, the atomic ratio b of molybdenum (Mo) is 0.6 or less, and the atomic ratio of carbon (C) to nitrogen (N).
- X + y is 0.6 or less, the atomic ratio a of chromium (Cr) in the B layer is 0.2 or more, the atomic ratio b of molybdenum (Mo) is 0.6 or less, and the film thickness D1 of the A layer 22 is 2 nm.
- the total film thickness D should be 0.1 ⁇ m or more, and the significance of the numerical range according to the present invention was confirmed.
- Comparative product 3 has an A layer with a thickness of 1100 (nm) composed of (Ti 0.1 Cr 0.8 Mo 0.1 ) 0.5 C 0.3 N 0.2 and a thickness of 10 (nm with (Ti 0.1 Cr 0.8 Mo 0.1 ) 0.2 C 0.8.
- Layer B is a multilayer film having a total film thickness of 6.66 ( ⁇ m) formed by alternately laminating two layers, titanium (Ti) is contained in layer A, and chromium (Cr) Since the atomic ratio a is 0.8, the element titanium (Ti) different from the thin film composition related to the A layer 22 of the hard coating 10 is contained, and the atomic ratio a of chromium (Cr) is 0.2 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.7, Ti is contained in the B layer, the atomic ratio a of chromium (Cr) is 0.8, the atomic ratio x of carbon (C) is 0.8, oxygen (O) is not contained, and the sum x + y + z of the atomic ratio of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and oxygen (O) is 0.80.
- elemental titanium (Ti) different from the thin film composition related to the B layer 24 of the hard coating 10 is contained, and the atomic ratio a of chromium (Cr) is 0.2 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.7, carbon ( C) deviates from 0 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.6 in the atomic ratio x and 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.6 in the atomic ratio z of oxygen (O), and the carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and oxygen (O)
- the total of the atomic ratios x + y + z deviates from the range of 0.3 ⁇ x + y + z ⁇ 0.6
- the thickness of the A layer deviates from the range of 2 nm to 1000 nm related to the A layer 22 of the hard coating 10.
- the hardness H of the film of the comparative product 3 is 18.0 GPa, which is a small value compared to the test product, the friction coefficient ⁇ is 0.50, and the wear depth is 990 nm, which is a large value compared to the test product. It became. From this result, in particular, the atomic ratio a of chromium (Cr) in the A layer 22 is 0.7 or less, the atomic ratio a of chromium (Cr) in the B layer 24 is 0.7 or less, and the atomic ratio of carbon (C).
- x should be 0.6 or less
- the sum x + y + z of atomic ratios of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and oxygen (O) should be 0.6 or less
- the film thickness D1 of the A layer 22 should be 1000 nm or less. The significance of the numerical range according to the present invention was confirmed.
- Comparative product 4 was formed by alternately laminating two layers of a 500 nm thick A layer made of Ti 0.45 C 0.4 N 0.15 and a 900 nm thick B layer made of Ti 0.3 C 0.5 N 0.2.
- a thin film related to the A layer 22 of the hard coating 10 because it is a multilayer film having a thickness of 8.40 ⁇ m and contains titanium (Ti) in the A layer and does not contain chromium (Cr) and molybdenum (Mo). Elemental titanium (Ti) different from the composition is contained, and the atomic ratio a of chromium (Cr) is 0.2 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.7, and the atomic ratio b of molybdenum (Mo) is 0.05 ⁇ b ⁇ .
- the layer B contains titanium (Ti), does not contain chromium (Cr) and molybdenum (Mo), does not contain oxygen (O), and contains carbon (C ), Nitrogen (N), and oxygen (O) atomic ratio sum x + y + Is 0.70, the element contains titanium (Ti) that is different from the thin film composition related to the B layer 24 of the hard coating 10, and the atomic ratio a of chromium (Cr) is 0.2 ⁇ a ⁇ 0. 7.
- the atomic ratio a of chromium (Cr) related to the A layer 22 is 0.2 or more
- the atomic ratio b of molybdenum (Mo) is 0.05 or more
- the atomic ratio of chromium (Cr) related to the B layer 24 a is 0.2 or more
- the atomic ratio b of molybdenum (Mo) is 0.05 or more
- the atomic ratio z of oxygen (O) is larger than 0, and carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and oxygen (O)
- Comparative product 5 is composed of 50 nm thick A layers made of (Cr 0.5 Ti 0.5 ) 0.35 C 0.6 N 0.05 and 2 nm thick B layers made of (Cr 0.3 Mo 0.2 Ti 0.5 ) 0.35 N 0.65 alternately.
- the atomic ratio y of nitrogen (N) is 0.65, and oxygen (O) is contained.
- the element titanium (Ti) is different from the thin film composition related to the B layer 24 of the hard coating 10.
- carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) It deviates from the range of 0.3 ⁇ x + y + z ⁇ 0.6 of the sum x + y + z of the atomic ratio of oxygen (O).
- the hardness H of the film of the comparative product 5 was 33.0, the friction coefficient ⁇ was 0.65 and the wear depth was 1260 nm, which was a large value compared to the test product.
- the atomic ratio of molybdenum (Mo) in the A layer 22 is 0.05 or more, the total x + y of the atomic ratio of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) is 0.6 or less, and the nitrogen in the B layer 24
- the atomic ratio y of (N) is 0.6 or less, the atomic ratio z of oxygen (O) is greater than 0, and the total x + y + z of the atomic ratios of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and oxygen (O) is 0. It was verified that the value should be 6 or less, and the significance of the numerical range according to the present invention was confirmed.
- Comparative product 6 is a 10 nm thick A layer made of (Cr 0.2 Mo 0.1 W 0.1 Ti 0.6 ) 0.25 C 0.1 N 0.65 and a thick film made of (Cr 0.2 Mo 0.1 W 0.1 Ti 0.6 ) 0.5 N 0.15 O 0.35.
- a 4 nm B layer is a multilayer film formed by alternately laminating two layers and having a total film thickness of 8.40 ⁇ m.
- the A layer contains titanium (Ti) and has an atomic ratio y of nitrogen (N).
- the element titanium (Ti) different from the thin film composition related to the A layer 22 of the hard coating 10 is It is included and deviates from 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.6 of the atomic ratio y of nitrogen (N) and 0.3 ⁇ x + y ⁇ 0.6 of the total x + y of the atomic ratio of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N). Since the B layer contains titanium (Ti), it is different from the thin film composition related to the B layer 24 of the hard coating 10. In which containing titanium (Ti) is contained.
- the hardness H of the film of the comparative product 6 is 25.0 GPa, which is a small value compared to the test product, the friction coefficient ⁇ is 0.46, and the wear depth is 810 nm, which is large compared to the test product. Value. From this result, it is verified that the atomic ratio of nitrogen (N) related to the A layer 22 should be 0.6 or less and the sum x + y of the atomic ratio of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) should be 0.6 or less. The significance of the numerical range according to the present invention was confirmed.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the transition of the moving average value of the friction coefficient ⁇ as the test time elapses in the frictional wear test of the hard coating 10.
- the vertical axis represents the friction coefficient ⁇
- the horizontal axis represents the elapsed time (s) from the start of the test
- the plotted values are compared with the test product 18, the test product 31 and the test product 36 representing the test product.
- the comparative product 4, the comparative product 5 and the comparative product 6 are representative of the product.
- FIG. 7 the vertical axis represents the friction coefficient ⁇
- the horizontal axis represents the elapsed time (s) from the start of the test
- the plotted values are compared with the test product 18, the test product 31 and the test product 36 representing the test product.
- the comparative product 4, the comparative product 5 and the comparative product 6 are representative of the product.
- the friction coefficient ⁇ of each test product and comparative product is compared with the test product 18 with a thick line, the test product 31 with a one-dot chain line, the test product 36 with a two-dot chain line, and the comparative product 4 with a dotted line.
- the product 5 is indicated by a broken line
- the comparative product 6 is indicated by a thin line.
- the test samples 18, 31, 36 and the comparative products 4, 5, 6 all have stable friction coefficients from about 200 seconds after the start of the test until the end of the test, that is, 600 seconds after the start of the test.
- the friction coefficients of 31 and 36 are in the vicinity of about 0.3, whereas the friction coefficients of comparative products 4, 5, and 6 are in the vicinity of about 0.55.
- test products 18, 31, and 36 have a gradually increased friction coefficient from the start of the test to 200 seconds, while the comparative products 4, 5, and 6 have a friction coefficient of 100 seconds from the start of the test. After rising to around 0.5 once, a phenomenon of a slight decrease was observed. This indicates that the wear resistance of the comparative products 4, 5, and 6 is not sufficient.
- the specimens 1 to 40 shown in Table 2 obtained a large value in the film hardness H and a small value in the friction coefficient ⁇ and the wear depth.
- Comparative products 1 to 6 having high hardness and good wear resistance, but deviating from the range of thin film composition, atomic ratio of each element, each film thickness and total film thickness required for the hard coating 10, are test products.
- the film hardness H is small, the friction coefficient ⁇ and the wear depth are large, indicating that the hardness and wear resistance are not sufficient.
- the welding resistance in Table 2 was evaluated as follows. Scanning electron microscope shows wear marks on the hard coating caused by friction with the work material 46 formed on the hemispherical end 48 of each of the test pieces 40 of the test pieces 1 to 40 and the comparative products 1 to 6 subjected to the friction wear test. (SEM) was subjected to oxygen analysis using EDS component analysis and mapped to analyze oxide components and their amounts. In the EDS component analysis, a region where oxygen is present, that is, an oxide is generated, can be distinguished from other regions. The welding resistance was evaluated from the amount of oxide in the wear scar of the hard coating of each test piece 40 by the EDS component analysis.
- the welding resistance when there is no welding on the hard coating wear scar, the welding resistance is excellent ( ⁇ ), and when the area of the welded portion is 20% or less of the hard coating wear scar area, the welding resistance is good ( ⁇ ), When the area of the welded portion was 50% or more of the area of the wear scar on the hard coating, the welding resistance was evaluated as poor (x).
- the wear marks of the hard coatings according to the test product 18 representing the test products 1 to 40 and the test product 36 and the comparative product 4 representing the comparison products 1 to 6 are observed with a microscope (MICROSCOPE) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). And observed with magnification.
- FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 are photographs of wear marks on the hard coating on the hemispherical ends of the test piece 36, the test piece 18 and the comparative product 4 used in the friction wear test.
- 8 (a), FIG. 9 (a) and FIG. 10 (a) are photographs taken with a microscope (MICROSCOPE),
- FIG. 8 (b), FIG. 9 (b) and FIG. 10 (b) are scanning electron microscopes
- FIGS. 8C, 9C, and 10C are photographs showing oxygen analysis results of EDS analysis by SEM.
- Table 2 and FIG. 8 the hard coating 10 was coated, the friction coefficient ⁇ was 0.25, and the wear depth was as small as 380 nm. Since no welding was observed in the EDS analysis results shown in (2), the welding resistance was evaluated as excellent.
- the test article 18 coated with the hard coating 10 and having a friction coefficient ⁇ of 0.33 and a wear depth of 499 nm is surrounded by circles in FIGS. 9A and 9C. Since welding was observed in the region corresponding to 20% or less of the area of the wear mark on the wear mark of the hard coating 10, the welding resistance was evaluated as good.
- Table 2 and FIG. 10 a comparative product 4 having a large friction coefficient ⁇ of 0.60 and a wear depth of 1100 nm coated with a film that does not satisfy the conditions required for the hard film 10 is shown in FIG.
- the wear scar of the film is an oxide of titanium (Ti) and an oxide of a super hard indenter over a range corresponding to 50% or more of the area of the wear scar. Since welding was observed, the welding resistance was evaluated as poor.
- FIG. 11 is a photograph of a cross section of the B layer 24 in the hard coating 10 of the test product 1 taken with a transmission electron microscope (TEM).
- the B layer 24 in the hard coating 10 of the test product 1 has a thin film composition of (Cr 0.4 Mo 0.6 ) 0.49 N 0.25 O 0.26 .
- the B layer 24 is a region where lattice fringes in FIG. 11 are observed, and has an amorphous phase 56 containing oxygen (O) in other regions in addition to the crystal layer 54 composed of fine crystal grains.
- the hardness H of the film is as high as 28.0 GPa, and the amorphous phase containing oxygen (O) is included. Therefore, since the formation of molybdenum (Mo) oxide by wear is promoted, the friction coefficient ⁇ is 0.25 and the wear depth is 705 nm.
- the hard coating 10 of the present example that is, the test products 1 to 40, provided on the surface of the tool base material 14 and (Cr a Mo b W c V d B e ) 1-xy C
- a layer 22 made of xN y nitride, carbide or carbonitride, and (Cr a Mo b W c V d B e ) 1-xyz C x N y O z oxide, oxynitriding B layer 24 made of an oxide, oxycarbide, or oxycarbonitride is formed by film composition control by controlling the composition ratio of Cr, Mo, W, V, and B and by controlling various reaction gases during film formation.
- the film is formed only by controlling various reaction gases at the time, and is formed by alternately stacking two or more layers.
- the film of the A layer 22 Since the thickness D1 is 2 nm or more and 1000 nm or less, the film thickness D2 of the B layer 24 is 2 nm or more and 500 nm or less, and the total film thickness D is in the range of 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 10.0 ⁇ m or less, the laminated A layer 22 is made of CrMoWVB.
- the laminated B layer 24 is made of Mo, W and V oxides, oxycarbides, oxynitrides or oxycarbonitrides.
- Microstructure is formed, or Mo, oxycarbide of W and V, oxynitride or oxycarbonitride crystal phase of NaCl structure nitride has ( ⁇ - (Cr, Mo, W , V) N and gamma-Mo 2 N) 54 and the amorphous phase 56 are formed, whereby the hard coating 10 and the end mill 12 having high hardness and wear resistance can be obtained.
- the stacking order of the A layer 22 and the B layer 24 in the hard coating 10 is preferably A layer 22, B layer 24,... From the tool base material 14 side as shown in FIG. -A layer 22 and B layer 24 are laminated in this order. That is, the base layer (the lowermost layer in contact with the tool base material 14) of the hard coating 10 is the A layer 22, and the surface layer (the uppermost layer of the hard coating 10) is the B layer 24. Although the base layer is the B layer 24 and the surface layer is the A layer 22 or the B layer 24, both the base layer and the surface layer are the A layer 22. There is a temporary effect of the invention.
- the hard coating 10 is coated on the end mill 12, but is not limited to this.
- a cutting tool such as a drill, a tap, or a die, or a metal such as punching or bending.
- the hard coating 10 is coated with a sputtering apparatus when the end mill 12 is formed.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- other methods such as arc ion plating may be used.
- the hard coating 10 may be coated using a chemical vapor deposition method (CVD method) such as a physical vapor deposition method (PVD method), a plasma CVD method, or a thermal CVD method.
- CVD method chemical vapor deposition method
- PVD method physical vapor deposition method
- plasma CVD method a plasma CVD method
- thermal CVD method a thermal CVD method
- Hard coating hard lubricating coating
- End mill hard lubricant coated tool
- a layer 24 B layer
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Abstract
Description
・テストピース40:超硬圧子 (直径6mmφ)
・被削材46:S45C(直径25mmφ)
・印加荷重W:2(N)
・線速度:250(mm/min)
・試験時間:600(s)
・温度:21(℃)
・湿度:52(%)
12:エンドミル(硬質潤滑被膜被覆工具)
22:A層
24:B層
Claims (3)
- 母材の表面に被覆される硬質潤滑被膜であって、
(CraMobWcVdBe)1-x-yCxNyの窒化物、炭化物または炭窒化物から成るA層と、(CraMobWcVdBe)1-x-y-zCxNyOzの酸化物、酸窒化物、酸炭化物または酸炭窒化物から成るB層とが、交互に2層以上積層された硬質潤滑被膜であって、
前記A層に係る原子比aは0.2≦a≦0.7、bは0.05≦b≦0.6、cは0≦c≦0.3、dは0≦d≦0.05、e=1-a-b-c-dは0≦e≦0.05、x+yは0.3≦x+y≦0.6、yは0≦y≦0.6以下であり、
前記B層に係る原子比aは0.2≦a≦0.7、bは0.05≦b≦0.6、cは0≦c≦0.3、dは0≦d≦0.05、e=1-a-b-c-dは0≦e≦0.05、xは0≦x≦0.6、yは0≦y≦0.6、zは0<z≦0.6、x+y+zは0.3≦x+y+z≦0.6であり、
且つ、前記A層の膜厚は2nm以上1000nm以下、前記B層の膜厚は2nm以上500nm以下、総膜厚は0.1μm以上10.0μm以下の範囲内であることを特徴とする硬質潤滑被膜。 - 前記B層は結晶相とアモルファス相とが混在した複相組織であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の硬質潤滑被膜。
- 請求項1または2の硬質潤滑被膜により被覆されたことを特徴とする硬質潤滑被膜被覆工具。
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CN111876733A (zh) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-11-03 | 吉林大学 | 一种三维网状纳米晶/非晶的高强高韧纳米多层膜及其制备方法和应用 |
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EP3075474A4 (en) | 2017-05-17 |
US20170037502A1 (en) | 2017-02-09 |
US10227687B2 (en) | 2019-03-12 |
JP6168539B2 (ja) | 2017-07-26 |
JPWO2015079505A1 (ja) | 2017-03-16 |
EP3075474A1 (en) | 2016-10-05 |
EP3075474B1 (en) | 2019-05-22 |
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