WO2015074606A1 - 紫杉烷类化合物、其制备方法和用途 - Google Patents

紫杉烷类化合物、其制备方法和用途 Download PDF

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WO2015074606A1
WO2015074606A1 PCT/CN2014/091911 CN2014091911W WO2015074606A1 WO 2015074606 A1 WO2015074606 A1 WO 2015074606A1 CN 2014091911 W CN2014091911 W CN 2014091911W WO 2015074606 A1 WO2015074606 A1 WO 2015074606A1
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compound
group
reaction
pcmi
taxane
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PCT/CN2014/091911
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English (en)
French (fr)
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周微
景云荣
王永峰
王国成
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天士力控股集团有限公司
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Priority to CA2931366A priority Critical patent/CA2931366C/en
Priority to JP2016554787A priority patent/JP6573900B2/ja
Priority to AU2014352372A priority patent/AU2014352372B2/en
Priority to KR1020167016613A priority patent/KR20160087899A/ko
Priority to US15/039,271 priority patent/US9890175B2/en
Priority to RU2016124631A priority patent/RU2686459C1/ru
Priority to DK14863167.4T priority patent/DK3072896T5/da
Priority to EP14863167.4A priority patent/EP3072896B1/en
Publication of WO2015074606A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015074606A1/zh
Priority to ZA2016/03990A priority patent/ZA201603990B/en

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D493/00Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system
    • C07D493/02Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D493/08Bridged systems
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/335Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
    • A61K31/337Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having four-membered rings, e.g. taxol
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/335Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
    • A61K31/365Lactones
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/44Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/4427Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems
    • A61K31/443Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a five-membered ring with oxygen as a ring hetero atom
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00Antineoplastic agents
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00Antineoplastic agents
    • A61P35/02Antineoplastic agents specific for leukemia

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of medicinal chemistry and relates to a novel compound, in particular to a taxane compound.
  • the present invention also relates to a process for the preparation of the taxane compound and its use as an active ingredient in the preparation of an oral antitumor drug.
  • Paclitaxel (PTX) the structure is as follows:
  • Paclitaxel is an anti-tumor active substance extracted from the bark of the Taxus genus Taxus brevifolia in 1971. It has a unique anti-cancer mechanism and has a definite therapeutic effect on various cancers.
  • paclitaxel is usually administered intravenously, but because paclitaxel is extremely poor in water solubility, it is dissolved in a mixed solvent of polyoxyethylene castor oil Chremophor EL and ethanol (1:1, v/v). It has become an injection of paclitaxel, and the market name is Taxol or Paxene.
  • paclitaxel Although the clinical application of paclitaxel has achieved great success, it has also been restricted by many factors: (1) Firstly, the toxic side effects of paclitaxel itself on normal tissue cells and the inability to pass the blood-brain barrier, etc., include: Dose-limiting toxicity and myelosuppression (clinically required to be treated with growth factors); (2) With the application of Chremophor EL, the following problems are: severe allergic reactions, primary hyperlipidemia, central nervous system toxicity And changes in paclitaxel pharmacokinetics [ten Tije AJ, et al, Clin Pharmacokinet 42, 655-685, 2003; H. Gelderblom, et al, Eur. J.
  • the present inventors devoted themselves to the study of 14 ⁇ -OH-DAB derivatives, and finally found a series of novel compounds capable of improving oral bioavailability.
  • the results of pharmacological experiments prove that a series of taxane derivatives containing 1,14-carbonate baccatin III synthesized by the present invention are different from the prior art for various people.
  • the cancer cell strain has strong cytotoxic activity and has a broad-spectrum anti-tumor effect.
  • the present invention provides a taxane-like compound having the structure of the following formula I:
  • R 1 is -COR 6 , -COOR 6 , -CONR 7a R 7b ;
  • R 2 is C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkenyl, substituted hydrocarbyl, heterocyclyl, aryl or substituted aryl;
  • R 3 is -OR 6 , -OCOOR 6 , -OCOSR 6 , -OCONR 7a R 7b ;
  • R 4 is -OR 6 , -OCOOR 6 , -OCOSR 6 , -OCONR 7a R 7b , H, OH;
  • R 6 is a C1-C6 alkyl group, a C1-C6 alkenyl group, a C1-C6 alkynyl group, a substituted hydrocarbon group, an aromatic group or a heterocyclic group; and each of R 7a and R 7b is a hydrogen, a hydrocarbon group, a substituted hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group.
  • the invention also provides a preparation method of the taxane compound of the invention:
  • the preparation method of the taxane compound of the present invention comprises:
  • Step 1 Synthesis of taxane-based core fraction: 10-deacetylbaccatin III is used as a raw material. First, the C7 and C10 hydroxyl groups are selectively protected by a substituent, and then the C13 hydroxyl group is oxidized to a ketone carbonyl group.
  • N-(sulfonyl)oxaziridines highly stereoselectively introduces a hydroxyl group in the ⁇ configuration at the C14 position, in N,N'-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI)
  • CDI N,N'-carbonyldiimidazole
  • the 1,14-carbonate structure is formed by the action of the CBS reduction method, and the C13 ketone carbonyl group is highly stereoselectively reduced to the hydroxyl group of the ⁇ configuration to obtain the taxane core moiety.
  • Step 2 Synthesis of 5-membered ring oxazolidine acid side chain precursor: After a series of upper protecting groups, addition condensation, acid hydrolysis, aldol condensation, catalytic hydrogenation, etc., a 5-membered oxazolidine is prepared. Acid side chain precursor;
  • Step 3 Synthesis of a taxane derivative: the five-membered cyclic oxazolidine acid side chain precursor is esterified and docked with the taxane-based parent core portion, and subjected to acid hydrolysis and deprotection to form a series of Taxane derivatives.
  • the preparation method of the taxane compound of the present invention comprises:
  • Step 1 Synthesis of the taxane core moiety: 10-deacetylbaccatin III was used as the starting material.
  • the C7 and C10 hydroxyl groups were selectively protected by a substituent, and then the C13 hydroxyl group was oxidized to a ketone carbonyl group.
  • N-(sulfonyl)oxaxime is used to introduce a hydroxyl group in the ⁇ configuration at a C14 position with high stereoselectivity, and a 1,14-carbonate structure is formed by the action of N,N'-carbonyldiimidazole.
  • CBS reduction method the C13 ketone carbonyl group is highly stereoselectively reduced to the hydroxyl group of the ⁇ configuration, and the taxane core moiety is obtained;
  • Step 2 Synthesis of 5-membered ring oxazolidine acid side chain precursor: using glycolic acid as raw material, followed by benzyl protection and Boc-based protection to form Boc-protected benzyl glycolate; with different substituted aldehydes and (S R )-tert-butylsulfinamide is condensed to form the corresponding enamine compound; Boc-protected benzyl glycolate and enamine compound are added under the action of lithium salt, and then acid hydrolysis to obtain a chiral intermediate The intermediate is subjected to an aldol condensation reaction with 1,1'-(dimethoxymethyl)p-methoxybenzene under the catalytic action of pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate, and the amino group in the resulting compound is different. The substituent is substituted, and finally subjected to catalytic hydrogenation to obtain a five-membered cyclic oxazolidine acid side chain precursor;
  • Step 3 Synthesis of taxane derivatives: esterification of the five-membered ring oxazolidine side chain precursor with the taxane core moiety, and deprotection by acid hydrolysis to form a series of taxanes derivative.
  • the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of the formula (I), a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a solvate thereof as defined above as an active ingredient, and a compound of the formula (I) of the present invention, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or The use of a pharmaceutical composition whose solvate is an active ingredient for the preparation of an oral antitumor drug.
  • the CBS reduction method is selected, and the CBS reduction method can be highly stereoselectively reduced to obtain the C13 position compared to the conventional reduction method using metal borohydride.
  • the hydroxyl group in the ⁇ configuration has an ee value of >99.9% and a yield of up to 90% or more.
  • the present invention synthesizes a series of taxane derivatives containing a 1,14-carbonate baccatin III structure by simultaneously changing the substituents of paclitaxel C7, C10, C14, C3'N and C3' sites.
  • cytotoxic activity tests on various cancer cell lines showed good anti-tumor activity, and the Caco-2 monolayer cell membrane transmembrane transport assay was used to in vitro oral bioavailability of such taxane derivatives. Prediction, the results show that most of these derivatives have membrane permeability Both are higher than paclitaxel, and their oral bioavailability can be expected to be increased to varying degrees.
  • alkyl refers to a group consisting only of carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms and having no degree of unsaturation (for example, a double bond, a triple bond or a ring), which covers various possible geometrical differences. a group and a stereoisomer. This group is attached to the rest of the molecule by a single bond.
  • C1-C6 alkyl group as used in the present invention means an alkyl group as defined above having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and as a non-limiting example of a C1-C6 alkyl group, the following linear or branched chain may be mentioned.
  • alkenyl refers to a group formed in the case where one or more double bonds are present in the above alkyl group (except for a methyl group).
  • C1-C6 alkenyl means an alkenyl group as defined above having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
  • alkynyl refers to a group formed in the case where one or more triple bonds are present in the above alkyl group (except for a methyl group).
  • C1-C6 alkynyl refers to an alkynyl group as defined above having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
  • hydrocarbyl group as used in the present invention means a group consisting only of a carbon atom and a hydrogen atom
  • substituted hydrocarbyl group means an alkyl group, an alkenyl group or an alkynyl group or the like as defined above having a substituent.
  • the substituent may be a hydroxyl group, an amino group or the like.
  • heterocyclyl refers to an aromatic 5-14 membered ring system or a non-aromatic 3-15 membered ring system composed of a carbon atom and a hetero atom independently selected from N, O or S.
  • the aromatic ring system may be monocyclic, bicyclic, or polycyclic, wherein the bicyclic ring and the polycyclic ring may be formed from a single ring by a single bond or a condensed form.
  • heteroaryl groups the following groups may be mentioned: oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, imidazolyl, furyl, fluorenyl, isodecyl, pyrrolyl, triazolyl, triazinyl , tetrazolyl, thienyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzimidazolyl, Benzothiophenyl, benzopyranyl, oxazolyl, quinolyl, isoquinolinyl, quinazolinyl, porphyrinyl, naphthyridyl, pteridinyl, fluorenyl, quinoxalinyl, thia Diazolyl, pyridazinyl, a
  • the non-aromatic ring system may be monocyclic, bicyclic or polycyclic, or may be a fused ring, a bridged ring, a spiro ring, and may optionally contain one or more double bonds.
  • a heterocyclic group the following groups may be mentioned: aza Base, acridinyl, benzodioxolyl, benzodioxanyl, chromanyl, dioxolanyl, dioxaphospholyl, decahydroiso Quinolinyl, indanyl, porphyrin, isoindolyl, isochroman, isothiazolidinyl, isoxazolidinyl, morpholinyl, oxazolinyl, oxazole Alkyl, oxadiazolyl, 2-oxopiperrazinyl, 2-oxopiperidinyl, 2-oxopyrrolidinyl, 2-oxoaza Base,
  • aryl refers to an aromatic ring system consisting of at least 6 carbon atoms, which ring system may be monocyclic, bicyclic or polycyclic, wherein the bicyclic and polycyclic rings may be bonded by a single ring through a single bond. Formed in a fused manner.
  • aryl group the following groups may be mentioned: phenyl, naphthyl, anthryl, phenanthryl, anthracenyl, fluorenyl, fluorenyl, fluorenyl, fluorenyl, benzofluorenyl, Triphenylene, Base, biphenyl, binaphthyl and the like.
  • substituted aryl group as used in the present invention means an aryl group as defined above having a substituent.
  • the substituent may be an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, a hydroxyl group, an amino group or the like.
  • the taxane compound of the present invention has a structure of the following formula I:
  • R 1 is -COR 6 , -COOR 6 , -CONR 7a R 7b ;
  • R 2 is C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkenyl, substituted hydrocarbyl, heterocyclyl, aryl or substituted aryl;
  • R 3 is -OR 6 , -OCOOR 6 , -OCOSR 6 , -OCONR 7a R 7b ;
  • R 4 is -OR 6 , -OCOOR 6 , -OCOSR 6 , -OCONR 7a R 7b , H, OH;
  • R 6 is a C1-C6 alkyl group, a C1-C6 alkenyl group, a C1-C6 alkynyl group, a substituted hydrocarbon group, an aromatic group or a heterocyclic group; and each of R 7a and R 7b is a hydrogen, a hydrocarbon group, a substituted hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group. ;
  • R 1 is benzoyl, tert-butyloxycarbonyl, N,N'-dimethylformyl;
  • R 2 is a phenyl group
  • R 3 is -OMe, -OCOOCH 3 , -OCON(CH 3 ) 2 , -OCOSC 2 H 5 ;
  • R 4 is -OMe, -OCOOCH 3 , -OCON(CH 3 ) 2 , -OCOSC 2 H 5 , H, OH.
  • taxane compound of the present invention is selected from the group consisting of compounds having the following structure:
  • the compounds of the general formula (I) of the present invention also include all isomeric forms of these compounds and a mixture of isomers.
  • the compound of formula (I) of the present invention may be formed into a pharmaceutically acceptable non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable salt, if necessary.
  • the compounds of the formula (I) of the present invention may also exist in the form of solvates (e.g., hydrates), and therefore, such solvates (e.g., hydrates) are also included in the compounds of the present invention.
  • solvates e.g., hydrates
  • the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of the formula (I) as defined above, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a solvate thereof as an active ingredient, and a taxane compound of the present invention, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or The use of a pharmaceutical composition whose solvate is an active ingredient for the preparation of an oral antitumor drug.
  • the weight ratio of the compound of the present invention in the pharmaceutical composition is from 0.01% to 99.99%, and the balance is a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • the pharmaceutical compositions are in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable preparation.
  • Medicinal preparations are tablets, capsules, granules, pills, powders, ointments, suspensions, injections, powders, suppositories, creams, drops, or patches.
  • the tablet is a sugar-coated tablet, a film-coated tablet, an enteric coated tablet or a sustained-release tablet
  • the capsule is a hard capsule
  • the powder injection is a lyophilized powder injection.
  • each dose refers to each preparation unit, such as each tablet of a tablet, capsule
  • each capsule can also be referred to each dose (eg, 100 mg each time).
  • the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be used in the preparation of solid or semisolid pharmaceutical preparations in the form of powders, tablets, dispersible powders, capsules, cachets, suppositories and ointments.
  • the solid carrier which can be used is preferably one or more selected from the group consisting of a diluent, a flavoring agent, a solubilizer, a lubricant, a suspending agent, a binder, a swelling agent and the like, or may be an encapsulating substance.
  • a diluent preferably one or more selected from the group consisting of a diluent, a flavoring agent, a solubilizer, a lubricant, a suspending agent, a binder, a swelling agent and the like, or may be an encapsulating substance.
  • 5 to 70% by weight of the micronized active ingredient is contained in the carrier.
  • Suitable solid carriers include magnesium carbonate, magnesium stearate, talc, sucrose, lactose, pectin, dextrin, starch, gelatin, methylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, low boiling waxes, cocoa butter, and the like. Since tablets, powders, cachets, and capsules are easy to administer, they represent the most advantageous oral solid preparations.
  • Liquid preparations of the invention include solutions, suspensions and emulsions.
  • an injection preparation for parenteral administration may be in the form of water or a water-propylene glycol solution for adjusting its isotonicity, pH, and the like to be suitable for physiological conditions of a living body.
  • Liquid preparations can also be prepared in the form of solutions in polyethylene glycol, aqueous solutions.
  • An oral aqueous solution can be prepared by dissolving the active ingredient in water, followed by the addition of a suitable amount of coloring, flavoring, stabilizing and thickening agents.
  • the micronized active ingredient can be dispersed in viscous materials such as natural and synthetic gums, methylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and other known suspending agents to prepare aqueous suspensions suitable for oral administration.
  • Dosage unit form of the formulation refers to physically discrete units suitable as a single dose, each unit containing a calculated predetermined amount of active ingredient that produces the desired therapeutic effect.
  • Such dosage unit forms can be in the form of a package such as a tablet, a capsule or a powder in a vial or vial, or an ointment, gel or cream in a tube or vial.
  • the amount of active ingredient contained in the dosage unit form may vary, it will generally be in the range of from 1 mg to 1000 mg, depending on the potency of the active ingredient selected.
  • the dose to be administered may vary depending on the needs of the patient, depending on the condition, the selected compound, and the like.
  • a method for preparing a taxane compound of the present invention comprising:
  • Step 1 Synthesis of the taxane core moiety: 10-deacetylbaccatin III was used as the starting material.
  • the C7 and C10 hydroxyl groups were selectively protected by a substituent, and then the C13 hydroxyl group was oxidized to a ketone carbonyl group.
  • CDI N,N'-carbonyldiimidazole
  • the carbonate structure finally, by CBS reduction method, highly stereoselectively reduces the C13 ketone carbonyl group to the hydroxyl group of the ⁇ configuration, and obtains the taxane core moiety.
  • Step 2 Synthesis of 5-membered ring oxazolidine acid side chain precursor: After a series of upper protecting groups, addition condensation, acid hydrolysis, aldol condensation, catalytic hydrogenation, etc., a 5-membered oxazolidine is prepared. Acid side chain precursor;
  • Step 3 Synthesis of a taxane derivative: the five-membered cyclic oxazolidine acid side chain precursor is esterified and docked with the taxane-based parent core portion, and subjected to acid hydrolysis and deprotection to form a series of Taxane derivatives.
  • the preparation method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • Step 1 Synthesis of the taxane core moiety: 10-deacetylbaccatin III was used as the starting material.
  • the C7 and C10 hydroxyl groups were selectively protected by a substituent, and then the C13 hydroxyl group was oxidized to a ketone carbonyl group.
  • CDI N,N'-carbonyldiimidazole
  • the carbonate structure finally, by CBS reduction method, highly stereoselectively reduces the C13 ketone carbonyl group to the hydroxyl group of the ⁇ configuration, and obtains the taxane core moiety.
  • Step 2 Synthesis of 5-membered ring oxazolidine acid side chain precursor: using glycolic acid as raw material, followed by benzyl protection and tert-butylcarbonyl (Boc group) protection to form Boc-protected benzyl glycolate;
  • the substituted aldehyde is separately condensed with (S R )-tert-butyl sulfenamide to form the corresponding enamine compound.
  • the Boc-protected benzyl glycolate and the enamine compound are added under the action of a lithium salt, and then subjected to acid hydrolysis to obtain a chiral intermediate, which is catalyzed by p-toluenesulfonic acid pyridinium salt (PPTS).
  • PPTS p-toluenesulfonic acid pyridinium salt
  • 1,1'-(dimethoxymethyl)-p-methoxybenzene is subjected to condensation reaction of aldol, and the amino group in the resulting compound is substituted with a different substituent, and finally subjected to catalytic hydrogenation to obtain a five-membered ring oxazole.
  • Alkanoic acid side chain precursor The specific steps are as follows:
  • Step 3 Synthesis of taxane derivatives: esterification of the five-membered ring oxazolidine side chain precursor with the taxane core moiety, and deprotection by acid hydrolysis to form a series of taxanes derivative.
  • step 1 the substituent protection is carried out for the hydroxyl groups at the C7 and C10 positions:
  • R 3 and R 4 are -OR 6
  • the reaction involved is as follows: firstly, with tetrahydrofuran or dichloromethane as a solvent, at room temperature to 0 ° C, pyridine as a base, with p-toluenesulfonyl chloride The reaction produces p-toluenesulfonyl ester and reacts with Grignard reagent to form the corresponding ether-OR 6 ;
  • R 3 and R 4 are -OCOSR 6
  • the reaction involved is: reacting with N,N'-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) at room temperature in tetrahydrofuran as a solvent, and the resulting product is further reacted with a mercaptan. Substitution reaction;
  • the specific step of stereoselective reduction of the C13 ketone carbonyl group by the CBS reduction method is as follows: at room temperature to -70 ° C, in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran, dry dichloromethane or alcohol as a solvent, R)-2-methyloxazole borane as a catalyst, borane as a reducing agent, stereoselective reduction of C13-oxo to C13- ⁇ -OH;
  • the different substituted aldehydes include: a C1-C6 hydrocarbyl aldehyde, a C1-C6 substituted hydrocarbyl aldehyde, an aromatic aldehyde, a substituted aromatic aldehyde, an aromatic aldehyde, etc.; when the amino group on the chiral intermediate is substituted
  • the reaction involved is carried out under basic conditions using tetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane or dioxane as a solvent, at room temperature to -70 ° C, with the corresponding acid chloride; the catalytic hydrogenation reaction is palladium Carbon or palladium hydroxide is used as a catalyst, hydrogen is added under normal pressure or under pressure, and it is carried out in a solvent such as alcohol, tetrahydrofuran or dichloromethane.
  • step 1 the substituent protection is carried out for the hydroxyl groups at the C7 and C10 positions:
  • R 3 , R 4 is -OR 6 , preferably using dichloromethane as a solvent, the temperature is 0 ° C, the Grignard reagent is R 6 MgBr;
  • the basic condition is preferably lithium hexamethyldisilazide as a base, and the temperature is preferably -40 ° C, and the acid chloride includes R 6 OCOCl, R 7a R 7b NCOCl;
  • the specific step of stereoselective reduction of the C13 ketone carbonyl group by the CBS reduction method is preferably carried out under anhydrous air temperature using tetrahydrofuran as a solvent;
  • the reaction involved in the substitution of the amino group on the intermediate is preferably lithium hexamethyldisilazide as a base and tetrahydrofuran as a solvent, and the temperature is preferably -40 ° C, and the acid chloride includes R 6 . COCl, R 6 OCOCl, R 7a R 7b NCOCl; the catalytic hydrogenation reaction, preferably using palladium hydroxide as a catalyst, is carried out under hydrogen at 20 psi, preferably in an alcoholic solution.
  • the taxane compound of the present invention has oral antitumor activity, and the beneficial effects of the present invention are explained below by experimental data.
  • MTT assay was used to investigate the 1,14-carbonate baccatin III taxane derivatives against 16 cancer cell lines (including MCF-7, MDA-MB-436 breast cancer cells; A549).
  • 16 cancer cell lines including MCF-7, MDA-MB-436 breast cancer cells; A549).
  • NCI-H460 non-small cell lung cancer A2780 ovarian cancer; A375, B16 melanoma; HCT116, HT-29 colon cancer; Hela cervical cancer; HL-60, K562 Leukemia; LNCaP, Du145 prostate cancer; LN-18, BGC-823 gastric cancer
  • Proliferation inhibition rate at 1 ⁇ M concentration the experimental results are shown in Table 1.
  • the IC 50 value of the positive control drug paclitaxel was 7.05 nM
  • the IC 50 value of the series of taxane derivatives containing the 1,14-carbonate baccatin III structure of the present invention and paclitaxel Quite, basically kept in an order of magnitude, some derivatives have IC 50 values better than paclitaxel. It can be seen that the in vitro cell viability of the series of derivatives of the present invention remains unchanged or even increased compared to paclitaxel.
  • the bidirectional transport of target compounds from the apical (AP) to the basolateral (BL) and from the BL side to the AP side was studied using the Caco-2 monolayer cell model of human colonic adenocarcinoma cell line. Quantitative analysis by high performance liquid chromatography, calculation of transport parameters and apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) and efflux ratio, using paclitaxel as a positive control, P-gp acting as a substrate for red mold The reference substance is used to predict the in vivo oral bioavailability of such taxane derivatives and the affinity with P-gp.
  • N/A not detected in existing detection methods
  • N/A not detected in existing detection methods
  • the inventors selected 10 compounds from these 21 taxane derivatives to evaluate their bidirectional transport, and the results are shown in Table 5. As can be seen from the efflux rate, the present invention is relative to paclitaxel. The derivatives have alleviated the efflux situation to varying degrees, and it is predicted that the oral absorption in the body will be correspondingly improved.
  • the compound PCMI-08 was synthesized and tested according to the method of the present invention.
  • the internal standard paclitaxel was purchased from the China National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products, the chromatographic acetonitrile was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, the Tween 80 and the ethyl acetate were purchased from the Aladdin reagent. the company.
  • Male S.D. rats were purchased from Beijing Vital Lihua Company and kept in animal houses for two weeks.
  • PCMI-08 200 mg was dissolved in 4 ml of a mixture of Tween 80 and absolute ethanol (1:1) to prepare a 50 mg/ml original solution, and physiological saline was added thereto to adjust to a suitable concentration.
  • Twelve male SD rats (300 g) were taken and fasted the night before. They were divided into two groups, one group (5 mg/kg) and the other group (60 mg/kg). Blood was taken at 0 min, 5 min, 10 min, 20 min, 40 min, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 8 h, 12 h, 24 h.
  • the oral group was at 5 min, 15 min, 30 min, 45 min, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 8 h, 12 h. Blood was taken at 24 hours. After the plasma was centrifuged at 4500 rpm for 10 min, the supernatant serum was transferred to the corresponding EP tube and stored in a refrigerator at -40 ° C for storage.
  • Agilent 1100series high performance liquid chromatography configuration Agilent G1313A automatic sample introduction device, using 150mm ⁇ 2.1mm C18 Thermo column (particle size 3 ⁇ m) reversed phase column, detection wavelength is 230nm, column temperature 30 ° C, mobile phase is acetonitrile / water (7:3 ), the flow rate is 0.2ml/min, the injection volume is 20 ⁇ l, the mass spectrometer model is Thermo Finnigan TSQ Quantum triple quadrupole, and the electrospray ion source (ESI) is configured to analyze the parameters of the sample in positive ion mode.
  • ESI electrospray ion source
  • spray chamber voltage 4.0 kv
  • capillary heating temperature 350 ° C
  • shielding gas (nitrogen) 20 psi
  • auxiliary gas (nitrogen) 5 psi
  • collision gas (argon) pressure 1.5 mm Torr
  • collision energy CA is 17 eV
  • FA and IFA are 19 eV
  • IS is 15 eV.
  • Paclitaxel was selected as the internal standard, and the retention time was 3.07 min, and the retention time of PCMI-08 was 5.13 min.
  • the detection conditions of the mass spectrometer for PCMI-08 were set to: 957 ⁇ 901 m/z. Paclitaxel was used as an internal standard, and the detection conditions were: 876 ⁇ 308 m/z.
  • the standard curve of PCMI-08 has a concentration range of 5-10,000 ng/ml ( ⁇ 2 >0.99) and a minimum detection limit of 5 ng/ml.
  • the intravenous and oral drug time curves of the compound PCMI-08 are shown in Figure 1.
  • the relevant pharmacokinetic parameters are shown in the following table.
  • the half-life of PCMI-08 is relatively long, generally 10 h, and the average residence time is also extended accordingly, reaching more than 10 h, and its absolute oral bioavailability (F%) is as high as 65.8%.
  • the oral bioavailability of the compound in animals is greatly improved relative to the reported absolute oral bioavailability of paclitaxel of less than 6%.
  • the Boc-protected benzyl glycolate (32.5 g, 0.12 mol) was dissolved in 15 ml of tetrahydrofuran, and LHMDS (120 ml, 0.12 mol) was slowly added dropwise to the reaction solution at -70 ° C. After the addition was completed, the mixture was stirred. After 0.5 h, a solution of N-tert-butylsulfinylbenzylamine in THF (5.02 g, 0.024 mol in 8 ml of THF) was slowly added dropwise to the reaction mixture, and the reaction was stopped after 4 hours.
  • reaction solution was poured into 50 ml of a saturated aqueous solution of ammonium chloride and extracted with ethyl acetate (30 ml ⁇ 3). 1) Isolated to give a white solid (5.25 g, 46%).
  • the product of the previous step (5.25 g, 0.011 mol) was dissolved in 20 ml of 2N HCl / EtOAc solution and was reacted for 10h at room temperature. After the reaction was completed, it was concentrated, and the concentrate was extracted with dichloromethane / water (50ml / 100ml). The aqueous phase was extracted with dichloromethane, and the pH of the aqueous phase was adjusted to 9 to 10 with 28% aqueous ammonia. The mixture was extracted with dichloromethane (20 ml ⁇ 3), and the organic phase was combined. g, 95.7%).
  • PCMI-01 mp: 242 ⁇ 243 ° C;
  • PCMI-02 mp: 234 ⁇ 235 ° C;
  • Example 1 In addition to the difference in g steps, the preparation method of (4S,5R)-3-dimethylaminoformyl-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-phenyl-5-oxazolidinecarboxylic acid
  • the procedure shown in Example 1 is substantially the same, and the rest of the steps are as described in the reaction of Example 1.
  • step 2) 7,10-methoxy-1,14-carbonate-bakacaine III and the preparation process of PCMI-03 in step 3) and 2) and 3) in Example 1
  • step 2) and step 3) in Example 1 For the same, see step 2) and step 3) in Example 1.
  • the final product purity is above 95%.
  • PCMI-03 mp: 205 ⁇ 206 ° C;
  • step 2) 7,10-methoxy-1,14-carbonate-bakacaine III and the preparation process of PCMI-04 in step 3) and 2) and 3) in example 1.
  • step 2) and step 3) in Example 1.
  • the purity of the final product is above 95%.
  • PCMI-04 mp: 244 ⁇ 245 ° C;
  • step 2) 7,10-methoxy-1,14-carbonate-bakaciting III and the preparation process of PCMI-05 in step 3) and 2) and 3) in Example 1
  • step 2) and step 3) in Example 1 For the same, see step 2) and step 3) in Example 1.
  • the purity of the final product is above 95%.
  • PCMI-05 mp: 237 ⁇ 238 ° C;
  • PCMI-06 mp: 233 ⁇ 235 ° C;
  • PCMI-07 mp: 226 ⁇ 227 ° C;
  • PCMI-08 mp: 246 ⁇ 247 ° C;
  • PCMI-09 mp: 241 ⁇ 242 ° C;
  • PCMI-10 mp: 236 ⁇ 237 ° C;
  • PCMI-11 mp: 241 ⁇ 242 ° C;
  • PCMI-12 mp: 231 ⁇ 232 ° C;
  • PCMI-13 mp: 215 ⁇ 216 ° C;
  • PCMI-14 mp: 236 ⁇ 237 ° C;
  • PCMI-15 mp: 231 ⁇ 232 ° C;
  • PCMI-16 mp: 227 ⁇ 228 ° C;
  • PCMI-17 mp: 233 ⁇ 234 ° C;
  • IR 3411, 2979, 2933, 1820, 1731, 1712, 1490, 1367, 1259, 1163, 1085, 713.
  • PCMI-18 mp: 235 ⁇ 236 ° C;
  • PCMI-20 mp: 229 ⁇ 230 ° C;
  • PCMI-21 mp: 238 ⁇ 239 ° C;

Abstract

本发明提供一种具有式I结构的紫杉烷类化合物,该类化合物的制备方法,以及该类化合物、其药用盐及其溶剂化物作为活性成分的组合物在制备口服抗肿瘤药物中的应用。式中: R1为-COR6、-COOR6、-CONR7aR7b; R2为C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烯基、取代烃基、杂环基、芳香基或取代芳香基; R3为-OR6、-OCOOR6、-OCOSR6、-OCONR7aR7b; R4为-OR6、-OCOOR6、-OCOSR6、-OCONR7aR7b、H、OH;其中,R6为C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烯基、C1-C6炔基、取代烃基、芳香基或杂环基;R7a、R7b为氢、烃基、取代烃基或杂环基。

Description

紫杉烷类化合物、其制备方法和用途 技术领域
本发明属于药物化学领域,涉及一种新的化合物,特别涉及一种紫杉烷类化合物。本发明还涉及所述紫杉烷类化合物的制备方法以及其作为活性成分在制备口服抗肿瘤药物中的用途。
背景技术
紫杉醇Paclitaxel(PTX),结构如下式:
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000001
紫杉醇是1971年从红豆杉属植物Taxus brevifolia的树皮中提取得到的一种抗肿瘤活性物质,其具有独特的抗癌机制,对多种癌症有确切的疗效。目前在临床上,紫杉醇通常通过静脉注射给药,但由于紫杉醇水溶性极差,故将其溶解于聚氧乙烯蓖麻油Chremophor EL和乙醇(1:1,v/v)的混合溶剂中,制成了紫杉醇的注射剂,市场名为Taxol或Paxene。
尽管紫杉醇在临床中的应用取得了巨大成功,但同时也受到了很多因素的制约:(1)首先是紫杉醇本身对正常组织细胞的毒副作用以及无法通过血脑屏障等,所述毒副作用包括:剂量限制毒性和骨髓抑制(临床上需要配合生长因子进行治疗);(2)伴随Chremophor EL的应用,随之而来的问题是:严重的过敏反应、原发性高脂血症、中枢神经毒性以及紫杉醇药代动力学的变化[ten Tije AJ,et al,Clin Pharmacokinet42,655-685,2003;H.Gelderblom,et al,Eur.J.Cancer37(13),1590-1598,2001;van Zuylen L,et al,Invest New Drugs19,125-141,2001;R.B.Weiss,et al,J.Clin.Oncol.8(7),1263-1268,1990];(3)长期用药导致的多药耐药性。
为了解决上述问题,国内外众多学者从改变药物剂型、开发紫杉醇前药、合成紫杉烷衍生物以及P-gp抑制剂联合用药等方面入手,对其构效关系进行了深入研究,不断探索新的途径以改善紫杉醇的水溶性、提高治疗效果、降低毒副作用。
对于口服紫杉烷类衍生物的研究具有巨大的实际意义,因为化合物自身性质的改变能够从根本上解决这类化合物水溶性差、毒性强等问题,从而提高其口服生物利用度、减少毒副作用、提高药效;由静脉注射给药转变为口服给药形式,能够避免由助溶剂引起的不良反应,同时能够延长药效,增强病患的耐受性。
研究者发现,对于紫杉醇分子的结构改造,C7、C9、C10位的取代基变化对活性的影响不大,但这些位点却是P-gp蛋白的结合位点。它们的取代基大小、电性、氢键形成能力会影响其与P-gp蛋白的亲和力活性,对这些基团进行改造能够克服由P-gp过表达引起的多药耐药性,解决口服生物利用度低等问题。
14β-羟基巴卡亭III(14β-OH-DAB)(结构式如下):
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000002
是从T.wallichiana Zucc.的针叶中提取的一种天然紫杉烷类衍生物,其具有较好的水溶性,这主要是由于在其C14位引入了一个羟基,为此,期望获得衍生自14β-OH-DAB的化合物,以提高水溶性并增加口服生物利用度[Appendino,G.et al,J.Chem.Soc.,Perkins Trans,1,2925-2929,1992]。
有鉴于此,本发明人致力于14β-OH-DAB衍生物的研究,最终发现了一系列能够提高口服生物利用度的新型化合物。药理实验结果证明,与现有技术相比,本发明所合成的一系列含有1,14-碳酸酯巴卡亭III(1,14-carbonate baccatin III)的紫杉烷类衍生物对多种人癌细胞株有较强的细胞毒活性,具有广谱的抗肿瘤作用,从对乳腺癌细胞株MCF-7的体外细胞活性数据来看,保持了其细胞毒性,有些衍生物的细胞毒活性甚至优于现有技术的细胞毒活性;利用人源性结肠腺癌细胞系Caco-2单层细胞模型预测了这类紫杉烷类衍生物的体内吸收转运情况,从实验结果可以看到,大多数这类衍生物相较于现有技术而言,在口服生物利用度上都有很大的提高。因此,这类含有1,14-碳酸酯巴卡亭III结构的紫杉烷衍生物在保持、甚至增强了细胞毒活性的基础之上,口服生物利用度也得到了很大的改善。
发明内容
本发明提供一种紫杉烷类化合物,具有如下通式I的结构:
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000003
式中:
R1为-COR6、-COOR6、-CONR7aR7b
R2为C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烯基、取代烃基、杂环基、芳香基或取代芳香基;
R3为-OR6、-OCOOR6、-OCOSR6、-OCONR7aR7b
R4为-OR6、-OCOOR6、-OCOSR6、-OCONR7aR7b、H、OH;
其中,R6为C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烯基、C1-C6炔基、取代烃基、芳香基或杂环基;R7a、R7b各自为氢、烃基、取代烃基或杂环基。
本发明还提供了本发明紫杉烷类化合物的制备方法:
本发明的紫杉烷类化合物的制备方法包括:
步骤1:紫杉烷类母核部分的合成:以10-去乙酰基巴卡亭III为原料,首先对C7、C10位羟基进行选择性的取代基保护,然后将C13位羟基氧化为酮羰基,再利用N-(磺酰基)氧杂吖丙啶(N-(sulfonyl)oxaziridines),高度立体选择性地在C14位引入β构型的羟基,在N,N’-羰基二咪唑(CDI)的作用下形成1,14-碳酸酯结构,最后通过CBS还原法,高度立体选择性地将C13位酮羰基还原为α构型的羟基,得到紫杉烷类母核部分。
步骤2:五元环噁唑烷酸侧链前体的合成:经过了一系列的上保护基、加成缩合、酸水解、羟醛缩合、催化氢化等反应过程制备得到五元环噁唑烷酸侧链前体;
步骤3:紫杉烷类衍生物的合成:将所述五元环噁唑烷酸侧链前体与所述紫杉烷类母核部分进行酯化对接,经过酸水解脱保护生成一系列的紫杉烷类衍生物。
更具体而言,本发明的紫杉烷类化合物的制备方法包括:
步骤1:紫杉烷类母核部分的合成:以10-去乙酰基巴卡亭III为原料,首先对C7、C10位羟基进行选择性地取代基保护,然后将C13位羟基氧化为酮羰基,再利用N-(磺酰基)氧杂吖丙啶,高度立体选择性地在C14位引入β构型的羟基,在N,N’-羰基二咪唑的作用下形成1,14-碳酸酯结构,最后通过CBS还原法,高度立体选择性地将C13位酮羰基还原为α构型的羟基,得到紫杉烷类母核部分;
步骤2:五元环噁唑烷酸侧链前体的合成:以乙醇酸为原料,先后经过苄基保护、Boc基保护生成Boc保护的乙醇酸苄酯;用不同的取代醛分别与(SR)-叔丁基亚磺酰胺进行缩合,生成相应的烯胺化合物;Boc保护的乙醇酸苄酯和烯胺化合物在锂盐的作用下进行加成,再经酸水解,得到手性中间体,该中间体在对甲苯磺酸吡啶盐的催化作用下与1,1’-(二甲氧基甲基)对甲氧基苯发生羟醛缩合反应,生成的化合物中的氨基再经不同的取代基进行取代,最后经过催化氢化得到五元环噁唑烷酸侧链前体;
步骤3:紫杉烷类衍生物的合成:将五元环噁唑烷酸侧链前体与紫杉烷类母核部分进行酯化对接,经过酸水解脱保护生成一系列的紫杉烷类衍生物。
另外,本发明还提供含有如上所定义的通式(I)化合物、其药用盐或其溶剂化物作为活性成分的药物组合物,以及本发明的通式(I)化合物、其药用盐或其溶剂化物作为活性成分的药物组合物在制备口服抗肿瘤药物中的用途。
本发明的优点在于:
1.本发明在针对C13位酮羰基的立体选择性还原中,选用了CBS还原法,相较于传统的使用金属硼氢化物的还原方法,CBS还原法能够高度立体选择性地还原得到C13位α构型的羟基,ee值>99.9%,产率也高达90%以上。
2.本发明通过同时改变紫杉醇C7、C10、C14、C3’N以及C3’多个位点的取代基,合成了一系列含有1,14-碳酸酯巴卡亭III结构的紫杉烷衍生物,在体外对多种癌细胞株的细胞毒活性测试中显示出良好的抗肿瘤活性,并同时利用Caco-2单层细胞膜跨膜转运试验对这类紫杉烷衍生物进行了体外口服生物利用度预测,其结果表明,这类衍生物中的大部分化合物透膜能力 均高于紫杉醇,可期待它们的口服生物利用度得到了不同程度的提高。对双向转运实验中外排率的结果分析表明,这类衍生物能够不同程度地克服P-gp的外排作用,进一步证实这类化合物提高了口服吸收能力。此外,还选取了体外实验中透膜能力显著的化合物PCMI-08进行了大鼠体内的口服生物利用度实验,结果显示,该化合物的绝对口服生物利用度提高至65.8%,其体内口服吸收能力相较于紫杉醇来说得到了显著提高。因此,本发明的这类含有1,14-碳酸酯巴卡亭III结构的紫杉烷衍生物是一类具有潜力的口服抗肿瘤药物。
附图说明
图1.PCMI-08的血药浓度-时间曲线
图2.PCMI-01的1H NMR谱
图3.PCMI-01的13C NMR谱
图4.PCMI-01的MS谱
图5.PCMI-02的1H NMR谱
图6.PCMI-02的13C NMR谱
图7.PCMI-03的1H NMR谱
图8.PCMI-03的13C NMR谱
图9.PCMI-04的1H NMR谱
图10.PCMI-04的13C NMR谱
图11.PCMI-04的MS谱
图12.PCMI-04的IR谱
图13.PCMI-05的1H NMR谱
图14.PCMI-05的13C NMR谱
图15.PCMI-05的MS谱
图16.PCMI-05的IR谱
图17.PCMI-06的1H NMR谱
图18.PCMI-06的13C NMR谱
图19.PCMI-06的MS谱
图20.PCMI-07的1H NMR谱
图21.PCMI-07的13C NMR谱
图22.PCMI-07的MS谱
图23.PCMI-08的1H NMR谱
图24.PCMI-08的13C NMR谱
图25.PCMI-08的MS谱
图26.PCMI-09的1H NMR谱
图27.PCMI-09的13C NMR谱
图28.PCMI-09的MS谱
图29.PCMI-10的1H NMR谱
图30.PCMI-10的13C NMR谱
图31.PCMI-10的MS谱
图32.PCMI-11的1H NMR谱
图33.PCMI-11的13C NMR谱
图34.PCMI-12的1H NMR谱
图35.PCMI-12的13C NMR谱
图36.PCMI-12的MS谱
图37.PCMI-13的1H NMR谱
图38.PCMI-13的13C NMR谱
图39.PCMI-14的1H NMR谱
图40.PCMI-14的13C NMR谱
图41.PCMI-14的MS谱
图42.PCMI-15的1H NMR谱
图43.PCMI-15的13C NMR谱
图44.PCMI-15的MS谱
图45.PCMI-16的1H NMR谱
图46.PCMI-16的13C NMR谱
图47.PCMI-16的MS谱
图48.PCMI-17的1H NMR谱
图49.PCMI-17的13C NMR谱
图50.PCMI-17的MS谱
图51.PCMI-17的IR谱
图52.PCMI-18的1H NMR谱
图53.PCMI-18的13C NMR谱
图54.PCMI-18的MS谱
图55.PCMI-19的1H NMR谱
图56.PCMI-19的13C NMR谱
图57.PCMI-19的MS谱
图58.PCMI-20的1H NMR谱
图59.PCMI-20的13C NMR谱
图60.PCMI-20的MS谱
图61.PCMI-21的1H NMR谱
图62.PCMI-21的13C NMR谱
具体实施方式
本发明中使用的术语“烷基”是指仅由碳原子和氢原子组成、且不具有不饱和度(例如双键、三键或环)的基团,其涵盖了各种可能的几何异构基团与立体异构基团。该基团通过单键与分子的其余部分相连。本发明中使用的术语“C1-C6烷基”是指碳原子数为1-6的上述定义的烷基,作为C1-C6烷基的非限制性实例,可以列举以下直链或支链的基团:甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊基及其异构体、正己基及其异构体。
本发明中使用的术语“烯基”是指在上述烷基基团中(除甲基外)存在一个或多个双键的情况下所形成的基团。术语“C1-C6烯基”是指碳原子数为1-6的上述定义的烯基。
本发明中使用的术语“炔基”是指在上述烷基基团中(除甲基外)存在一个或多个三键的情况下所形成的基团。术语“C1-C6炔基”是指碳原子数为1-6的上述定义的炔基。
本发明中使用的术语“烃基”是指仅由碳原子和氢原子组成的基团,术语“取代烃基”是指具有取代基的上述定义的烷基、烯基或炔基等。所述取代基可以为羟基、氨基等。
本发明中使用的术语“杂环基”是指由碳原子和独立选自N、O或S的杂原子组成的芳香族5-14元环系或非芳香族3-15元环系。所述芳香族环系可以是单环、双环、多环,其中双环和多环可以由单环通过单键连接方式或稠合方式形成。作为杂芳基的非限制性实例,可以列举以下基团:噁唑基、异噁唑基、咪唑基、呋喃基、吲哚基、异吲哚基、吡咯基、三唑基、三嗪基、四唑基、噻吩基、噻唑基、异噻唑基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻唑基、苯并噁唑基、苯并咪唑基、苯并噻吩基、苯并吡喃基、咔唑基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、喹唑啉基、噌啉基、萘啶基、蝶啶基、嘌呤基、喹噁啉基、噻二唑基、吲哚嗪基、吖啶基、吩嗪基、酞嗪基、香豆素基、吡唑并吡啶基、吡啶并哒嗪基、吡咯并吡啶基、咪唑并吡啶基、吡唑并哒嗪基;以及由上述杂芳基通过单键连接方式或稠合方式形成的基团。所述非芳香族环系可以是单环、双环或多环,也可以是稠环、桥环、螺环,并且可以任选地包含一个或多个双键。作为杂环基的非限制性实例,可以列举以下基团:氮杂
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000004
基、吖啶基、苯并间二氧杂环戊烯基、苯并二氧杂环己基、苯并二氢吡喃基、二氧戊环基、二氧磷杂环戊基、十氢异喹啉基、茚满基、吲哚啉基、异吲哚啉基、异苯并二氢吡喃基、异噻唑烷基、异噁唑烷基、吗啉基、噁唑啉基、噁唑烷基、噁二唑基、2-氧代哌嗪基、2-氧代哌啶基、2-氧代吡咯烷基、2-氧代氮杂
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000005
基、八氢吲哚基、八氢异吲哚基、全氢化氮杂
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000006
基、哌嗪基、4-哌啶酮基、哌啶基、吩噻嗪基、吩噁嗪基、奎宁环基、四氢异喹啉基、四氢呋喃基、四氢吡喃基、四氢吡咯基、噻唑啉基、噻唑烷基、硫代吗啉基、硫代吗啉基亚砜和硫代吗啉基砜。
本发明中使用的术语“芳香基”是指由至少6个碳原子组成的芳香环系,该环系可以是单环、双环、多环,其中双环和多环可以由单环通过单键连接方式或稠合方式形成。作为芳基的非限制性实例,可以列举以下基团:苯基、萘基、蒽基、菲基、茚基、芘基、苝基、薁基、苊 基、芴基、苯并苊基、三亚苯基、
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000007
基、联苯基、联萘基等。
本发明中使用的术语“取代芳香基”是指具有取代基的上述定义的芳香基。所述取代基可以为烷基、烯基、炔基、羟基、氨基等。
本发明的紫杉烷类化合物,具有如下通式I的结构:
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000008
式中:
R1为-COR6、-COOR6、-CONR7aR7b
R2为C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烯基、取代烃基、杂环基、芳香基或取代芳香基;
R3为-OR6、-OCOOR6、-OCOSR6、-OCONR7aR7b
R4为-OR6、-OCOOR6、-OCOSR6、-OCONR7aR7b、H、OH;
其中,R6为C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烯基、C1-C6炔基、取代烃基、芳香基或杂环基;R7a、R7b各自为氢、烃基、取代烃基或杂环基;
优选地,
R1为苯甲酰基、叔丁基氧羰基、N,N’-二甲基甲酰基;
R2为苯基、
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000009
R3为-OMe、-OCOOCH3、-OCON(CH3)2、-OCOSC2H5
R4为-OMe、-OCOOCH3、-OCON(CH3)2、-OCOSC2H5、H、OH。
最优选地,本发明的紫杉烷类化合物,选自于具有如下结构的化合物:
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000011
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000012
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000014
本发明的通式(I)化合物还包括这些化合物的所有异构体形式和异构体的混合物形式。
必要时,本发明的式(I)化合物可以形成在药学上可接受的非毒性药用盐。
本发明的式(I)化合物也可以溶剂化物(如水合物)的形式存在,因此,这些溶剂化物(如水合物)也包括在本发明的化合物之内。
另外,本发明还提供含有如上所定义的式(I)化合物、其药用盐或其溶剂化物作为活性成分的药物组合物,以及本发明所述的紫杉烷类化合物、其药用盐或其溶剂化物作为活性成分的药物组合物在制备口服抗肿瘤药物中的用途。
本发明的药物组合物中,本发明所述的化合物在所述药物组合物中的重量比为0.01%~99.99%,其余为药物可接受的载体。药物组合物以适合药用的制剂形式存在。药用的制剂为片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、丸剂、散剂、膏剂、混悬剂、注射剂、粉针剂、栓剂、霜剂、滴剂或贴剂。其中,所述片剂为糖衣片剂、薄膜衣片剂、肠溶衣片剂或缓释片剂;所述胶囊剂为硬胶囊 剂、软胶囊剂、缓释胶囊剂;所述粉针剂为冻干粉针剂。
本发明的药物组合物,作为制剂形式,每剂中含有的本发明化合物的有效量为0.1mg~1000mg,所述每剂指的是,每一制剂单位,如片剂的每片、胶囊的每粒、也可指每次服用剂量(如每次服用100mg)。
本发明的药物组合物在制备成粉剂、片剂、可分散粉剂、胶囊剂、扁囊剂、栓剂和软膏剂形式的固体或半固体药物制剂时,可使用固体载体。可使用的固体载体优选为选自于稀释剂、调味剂、增溶剂、润滑剂、悬浮剂、粘合剂、膨胀剂等中的一种或多种物质,或可为包封物质。在粉状制剂中,在载体中含有5wt%~70wt%的微粒化活性成分。适宜的固体载体包括碳酸镁、硬脂酸镁、滑石粉、蔗糖、乳糖、果胶、糊精、淀粉、明胶、甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠、低沸点蜡、可可脂等。由于片剂、粉剂、扁囊剂和胶囊剂等易于给药,它们代表了最有利的口服固体制剂。
本发明的液体制剂包括溶液、悬液和乳液。例如,非胃肠道给药的注射制剂可为水或水-丙二醇溶液形式,用于调节其等渗度、pH等,使之适于活体的生理条件。液体制剂还可制成在聚乙二醇、水溶液中的溶液形式。可通过将活性成分溶解在水中,再加入适量的着色剂、调味剂、稳定剂和增稠剂来制备口服水溶液。可将微粒化的活性成分分散在粘性物质如天然和合成胶、甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠和其它已知悬浮剂中制备适于口服的水悬液。
为了易于给药及剂量均一,将上述药物制剂配制成剂量单位形式是特别有利的。制剂的剂量单位形式指适于作为单一剂量的物理分离单位,每个单位含有产生所期望的治疗效果的计算好的预定量的活性成分。这种剂量单位形式可为包装形式,如片剂、胶囊剂或装在小管或小瓶中的粉剂,或装在管或瓶中的软膏剂、凝胶剂或霜剂。
虽然剂量单位形式中所含活性成分的量可以变化,但一般根据所选择活性成分的效力,调节在1mg~1000mg范围内。
当本发明的式(I)活性化合物用作抗肿瘤药物时,给药剂量可随着病人的需要、根据病情、所选化合物等而变化。
本发明紫杉烷类化合物的制备方法,所述方法包括:
步骤1:紫杉烷类母核部分的合成:以10-去乙酰基巴卡亭III为原料,首先对C7、C10位羟基进行选择性地取代基保护,然后将C13位羟基氧化为酮羰基,再利用N-(磺酰基)氧杂吖丙啶,高度立体选择性地在C14位引入β构型的羟基,在N,N’-羰基二咪唑(CDI)的作用下形成1,14-碳酸酯结构,最后通过CBS还原法,高度立体选择性地将C13位酮羰基还原为α构型的羟基,得到紫杉烷类母核部分。
步骤2:五元环噁唑烷酸侧链前体的合成:经过了一系列的上保护基、加成缩合、酸水解、羟醛缩合、催化氢化等反应过程制备得到五元环噁唑烷酸侧链前体;
步骤3:紫杉烷类衍生物的合成:将所述五元环噁唑烷酸侧链前体与所述紫杉烷类母核部分进行酯化对接,经过酸水解脱保护生成一系列的紫杉烷类衍生物。
优选地,本发明的制备方法包括如下步骤:
步骤1:紫杉烷类母核部分的合成:以10-去乙酰基巴卡亭III为原料,首先对C7、C10位羟基进行选择性地取代基保护,然后将C13位羟基氧化为酮羰基,再利用N-(磺酰基)氧杂吖丙啶,高度立体选择性地在C14位引入β构型的羟基,在N,N’-羰基二咪唑(CDI)的作用下形成1,14-碳酸酯结构,最后通过CBS还原法,高度立体选择性地将C13位酮羰基还原为α构型的羟基,得到紫杉烷类母核部分。
步骤2:五元环噁唑烷酸侧链前体的合成:以乙醇酸为原料,先后经过苄基保护、叔丁基羰基(Boc基)保护生成Boc保护的乙醇酸苄酯;用不同的取代醛分别与(SR)-叔丁基亚磺酰胺进行缩合,生成相应的烯胺化合物。Boc保护的乙醇酸苄酯和烯胺化合物在锂盐的作用下进行加成,再经酸水解,得到手性中间体,该中间体在对甲苯磺酸吡啶盐(PPTS)的催化作用下与1,1’-(二甲氧基甲基)对甲氧基苯发生羟醛进行缩合反应,生成的化合物中的氨基再经不同的取代基进行取代,最后经过催化氢化得到五元环噁唑烷酸侧链前体。具体步骤如下图所示:
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000015
步骤3:紫杉烷类衍生物的合成:将五元环噁唑烷酸侧链前体与紫杉烷类母核部分进行酯化对接,经过酸水解脱保护生成一系列的紫杉烷类衍生物。
其中,
步骤1中,所述对于C7、C10位羟基进行取代基保护:
①当R3、R4为-OR6时,所涉及的反应为:首先在以四氢呋喃或二氯甲烷作为溶剂,室温到0℃的条件下,吡啶作为碱的作用下,与对甲苯磺酰氯反应,生成对甲苯磺酰酯,再与格氏试剂反应,生成相应的醚-OR6
②当R3、R4为-OCOOR6、-OCONR7aR7b时,所涉及的反应为:在碱性条件下,以四氢呋喃作为溶剂,在室温至-70℃的温度下,与相应的酰氯进行反应;
③当R3、R4为-OCOSR6时,所涉及的反应为:在四氢呋喃作为溶剂、室温下,与N,N’-羰基二咪唑(CDI)进行反应,生成的产物再与硫醇进行取代反应;
步骤1中,通过CBS还原法对C13位酮羰基进行立体选择性还原的具体步骤为:在室温至-70℃的温度下,在以无水四氢呋喃、干燥二氯甲烷或醇类作为溶剂,(R)-2-甲基噁唑硼烷作为催化剂,硼烷作为还原剂的条件下,可将C13-oxo立体选择性地还原为C13-α-OH;
步骤2中,所述不同的取代醛包括:C1-C6烃基醛、C1-C6取代烃基醛、芳香醛、取代芳香醛、芳杂醛等;对于所述手性中间体上的氨基进行取代时所涉及的反应是在碱性条件下,以四氢呋喃、二氯甲烷或二氧六环作为溶剂,室温至-70℃的温度下,与相应的酰氯进行反应;所述的催化氢化反应是以钯碳或氢氧化钯为催化剂,常压或加压的条件下加入氢气,在醇、四氢呋喃或二氯甲烷等溶剂中进行。
优选地,
步骤1中,所述对于C7、C10位羟基进行取代基保护:
①当R3、R4为-OR6时,优选以二氯甲烷作为溶剂,温度为0℃,所述格氏试剂为R6MgBr;
②当R3、R4为-OCOOR6、-OCONR7aR7b时,碱性条件优选以六甲基二硅基氨基锂作为碱,温度优选-40℃,所述酰氯包括R6OCOCl、R7aR7bNCOCl;
③当R3、R4为-OCOSR6时,所述硫醇包括R6SH;
步骤1中,所述通过CBS还原法对C13位酮羰基进行立体选择性还原的具体步骤中,优选在室温的条件下,以无水四氢呋喃作为溶剂进行;
步骤2中,对于所述中间体上的氨基进行取代时所涉及的反应,优选以六甲基二硅基氨基锂作为碱,以四氢呋喃作为溶剂,温度优选-40℃,所述酰氯包括R6COCl、R6OCOCl、R7aR7bNCOCl;所述催化氢化反应,优选以氢氧化钯作为催化剂,20psi的条件下加入氢气,优选在醇溶液中进行。
本发明的紫杉烷类化合物具有口服抗肿瘤活性,以下通过实验数据说明本发明的有益效果。
1、使用人肿瘤细胞株进行细胞毒性试验
以紫杉醇为阳性对照药,采用MTT法考察这类1,14-碳酸酯巴卡亭III紫杉烷衍生物对16个癌细胞株(包括MCF-7,MDA-MB-436乳腺癌细胞;A549,NCI-H460非小细胞肺癌;A2780卵巢癌;A375,B16黑色素瘤;HCT116,HT-29结肠癌;Hela宫颈癌;HL-60,K562 白血病;LNCaP,Du145前列腺癌;LN-18,BGC-823胃癌)在1μM浓度时的增殖抑制率,实验结果见表1。
表1 本发明紫杉烷类化合物对16个癌细胞株的增殖抑制率
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000016
初步活性评价表明,这类紫杉烷衍生物在针对大多数的癌细胞株中表现出具有与阳性对照药物的活性相当、甚至更强的细胞毒活性,仅在A549、B-16这两个癌细胞株中的活性略低于阳性对照药物。实验结果表明,本发明所述的这类紫杉烷衍生物具有良好的抑制肿瘤的活性。
通过上述普筛的活性评价数据,可知本发明所合成的系列紫杉烷衍生物都具有活性,之后 又考察了这系列化合物对乳腺癌细胞株MCF-7的IC50值,以紫杉醇为阳性对照物,每个化合物重复3次独立实验,每次实验选用复孔,药物接触癌细胞的时间为72小时,测得的半数致死量(IC50)表示为平均值±标准偏差的形式,实验数据如表2所示:
表2 本发明紫杉烷类化合物对乳腺癌细胞株MCF-7的IC50
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000017
从表2中的数据可以看到,阳性对照药紫杉醇的IC50为7.05nM,本发明的一系列含有1,14-碳酸酯巴卡亭III结构的紫杉烷衍生物的IC50值与紫杉醇相当,基本保持在一个数量级,有些衍生物的IC50值优于紫杉醇。可见,本发明的系列衍生物的体外细胞活性与紫杉醇相比,保持不变甚至有所提高。
2、Caco-2单层细胞膜转运实验
利用人源性结肠腺癌细胞系Caco-2单层细胞模型,研究了目标化合物由绒毛面侧(apical,AP)到基底面侧(basolateral,BL)以及从BL侧到AP侧的双向转运情况,应用高效液相色谱法定量分析,计算转运参数和表观渗透系数(apparent permeability coefficient,Papp)以及外排率(efflux ratio),以紫杉醇为阳性对照,以P-gp的作用底物红霉素为参照物,来预测这类紫杉烷衍生物的体内口服生物利用度情况以及与P-gp的亲和作用情况。
表3 本发明紫杉烷类化合物在Caco-2细胞模型中的A-to-B的表观渗透系数
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000018
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000019
*:所测到的实际浓度低于最低检测限;N/A:已有的检测方法中检测不到
表4 本发明紫杉烷类化合物在Caco-2细胞模型中的透膜质量回收率
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000020
*:所测到的实际浓度低于最低检测限;N/A:已有的检测方法中检测不到
表5 本发明代表性的紫杉烷类化合物在Caco-2细胞模型中的外排率
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000021
a.外排率=Papp B-A/Papp A-B
实验结果如表3所示,可以看到,大部分这类紫杉烷衍生物A-to-B的Papp值高于紫杉醇(Papp A-to-B=0.97),特别是PCMI-08,该化合物的Papp A-to-B值>10×10-6cm/s,属于高通透性底物。这些数据表明,本发明的这类含有1,14-碳酸酯巴卡亭III结构的紫杉烷衍生物具有良好的通膜能力,预测在体内的吸收优于紫杉醇。表4中显示的是这些紫杉烷衍生物的透膜后的回收率情况。发明人从这21个紫杉烷衍生物中选取了10个化合物对其双向转运情况进行了评价,结果如表5所示,从外排率上可以看到,相对于紫杉醇来说,本发明的衍生物均在不同程度上减弱了外排情况,预测在体内的口服吸收也会相应得到提高。
3、体内口服生物利用度实验
实验材料:
化合物PCMI-08按照本发明所给出的方法进行合成并检测,内标紫杉醇购自中国药品生物制品检定所,色谱乙腈购自Sigma-Aldrich公司,吐温80、乙酸乙酯购自阿拉丁试剂公司。雄性S.D.大鼠购于北京维通利华公司,并在动物房中饲养了两周。
实验仪器:
Agilent1100series高效液相色谱,Agilent G1313A自动进样装置,Thermo Finnigan TSQ四极杆质谱(San Jose,CA,USA),
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000022
(version1.3)software(Thermo Finnigan)数据分析软件
实验步骤:
将200mg的PCMI-08溶于4ml吐温80与无水乙醇的混合液(1:1)中,配成50mg/ml的原溶液,加入生理盐水调至合适的浓度。取12只雄性S.D.大鼠(300g),于前一晚开始禁食,将其分为2组,一组静注(5mg/kg),另一组口服(60mg/kg),静注组分别于0min、5min、10min、20min、40min、1h、2h、4h、6h、8h、12h、24h取血,口服组分别于5min、15min、30min、45min、1h、2h、4h、6h、8h、12h、24h取血。血浆在4500rpm下离心10min后,取上层血清转移至相应的EP管中,置于-40℃的冰箱中保存待检测。
PCMI-08标准曲线的绘制
Agilent1100series高效液相色谱配置Agilent G1313A自动进样装置,选用150mm×2.1mm C18Thermo column(粒径3μm)反相色谱柱,检测波长为230nm,柱温30℃,流动相为乙腈/水(7:3),流速0.2ml/min,进样体积为20μl,联用的质谱型号为Thermo Finnigan TSQ Quantum triple quadrupole,配置电喷雾离子源(ESI),分析样品在正离子模式下,质谱的各项参数设置如下:喷雾室电压:4.0kv;毛细管加热温度:350℃;保护气体(氮气):20psi;辅助气体(氮气):5psi;碰撞气体(氩气)压力:1.5mmTorr;碰撞能:CA为17eV;FA和IFA为19eV;IS为15eV。
选取紫杉醇作为内标,其保留时间为3.07min,PCMI-08的保留时间为5.13min。质谱对PCMI-08的检测条件设为:957→901m/z。紫杉醇作为内标,其检测条件为:876→308m/z。PCMI-08的标准曲线的浓度范围为5-10,000ng/ml(γ2>0.99),最低检测限为5ng/ml。
血浆样品的提取与分析
取100μl的血浆样品,加入100μL的内标(紫杉醇,500ng/ml乙腈溶液),涡匀后加入3ml的乙酸乙酯,震荡5min后,在4500rpm的转速下,离心8min。将上层清液转移到干净的EP管中,用氮气在加热的条件下吹干,再用120μl的流动相(CH3CN/H2O=7:3)复溶后,在12,000rpm的转速下离心3min,取100μl的上清液转移至自动进样小瓶中。经过LC-MS/MS检测,统计数据,药代动力学参数经过
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000023
(version1.3)software(Thermo Finnigan)处理。
结果
化合物PCMI-08的静脉、口服药时曲线如图1所示。相关的药代动力学参数如下表所示,PCMI-08的半衰期比较长,一般在10h,平均滞留时间也相应地延长,达到10h以上,其绝对口服生物利用度(F%)高达65.8%,相对于已报道的紫杉醇的绝对口服生物利用度不到6%,该化合物在动物体内的口服生物利用度得到了很大程度上的提高。
表6 PCMI-08的静脉、口服相关的药代动力学参数
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000024
AUC0-t:0~24小时的药时曲线下面积;AUC0-∞:药时曲线下面积;Cmax:达峰浓度;tmax:达峰时间;MRT:平均滞留时间;t1/2:半衰期;
F:绝对口服生物利用度,F=(AUCp.o×剂量i.v)/(AUCi.v×剂量p.o)×100%
以下通过实施例进一步说明本发明,但不作为对本发明的限制。
实施例1 PCMI-01的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000025
1)(4S,5R)-3-叔丁基氧羰基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-苯基-5-噁唑烷羧酸的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000026
a.乙醇酸苄酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000027
将乙醇酸(7.60g,0.10mol)溶于10ml的乙腈中,向溶液中添加溴化苄(13.60g,0.08mol),待搅拌均匀后,在0℃下,向反应液中缓慢地滴加DBU(12.16g,0.08mol),滴加完毕后,该反应液在室温下搅拌过夜。将反应完的溶液倒入冰水中,用乙酸乙酯萃取,合并有机相,先后用1M盐酸溶液、饱和食盐水洗涤,用无水硫酸钠干燥,旋蒸浓缩,得到黄色油状物化合物(12.50g,94%)。
b.Boc保护的乙醇酸苄酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000028
将乙醇酸苄酯(30g,0.25mol)和Boc酸酐(39.1g,0.19mol)溶于30ml的二氯甲烷中,在80℃的温度下,向反应液中滴加入DMAP(4.62g,0.038mol)5ml的二氯甲烷溶液。滴加完毕后,该反应液在15℃的条件下反应0.5h。反应结束后,将反应液倒入到冰水中,用乙酸乙酯萃取,合并有机相,先后用水、饱和食盐水洗涤。浓缩有机相,用石油醚/乙酸乙酯=10:1的比例重结晶,得到白色固体(32.5g,66%)。
c.N-叔丁基亚磺酰基苯甲烯胺的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000029
将(SR)-叔丁基亚磺酰胺(5.22g,0.043mol)和苯甲醛(5.51g,0.052mol)溶于20ml的二氯甲烷中,向溶液中加入硫酸镁(25.90g,0.22mol)和PPTS(0.54g,2.20mmol)。该反应液在室温下搅拌24h,过滤,滤饼用二氯甲烷润洗(20ml×3),浓缩得到粗产品,经柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=15:1)纯化,得到无色油状物(7.71g,85.8%)。
d.2R-叔丁基氧基羰基-3S-叔丁基亚磺酰胺-苯基丙酸苄酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000030
将Boc保护的乙醇酸苄酯(32.5g,0.12mol)溶于15ml的四氢呋喃中,在-70℃下,向反应液中缓慢地滴加LHMDS(120ml,0.12mol),滴加完毕后,搅拌0.5h,接着向反应液中缓慢地滴加N-叔丁基亚磺酰基苯甲烯胺的THF溶液(5.02g,0.024mol的8ml THF溶液),4小时后停止反应。将反应液倒入50ml的饱和氯化铵溶液中,用乙酸乙酯(30ml×3)萃取,合并有机相,经干燥、旋蒸浓缩,经柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=10:1)分离,得到白色固体(5.25g,46%)。
e.2R-羟基-3S-氨基-苯基丙酸苄酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000031
将上一步产物(5.25g,0.011mol)溶于20ml的2N HCl/EtOAc溶液中,在室温下反应10h,反应完成后先浓缩,浓缩液用二氯甲烷/水(50ml/100ml)萃取,收集水相,再用二氯甲烷萃取,用28%的氨水调节水相的pH为9~10,最后用二氯甲烷(20ml×3)萃取,合并有机相,经干燥过滤浓缩得到白色固体(2.85g,95.7%)。
f.(4S,5R)-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-苯基-5-噁唑烷羧酸苄酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000032
将2R-羟基-3S-氨基-苯基丙酸苄酯(2.66g,9.84mmol)和催化剂PPTS(0.24g,0.93mmol)溶于10ml甲苯中,在100℃下,向反应液中缓慢滴加1,1-二甲氧基甲基-4-甲氧基苯(2.15g,11.79mmol),滴加完毕后,在90-100℃温度下反应2h后,再向反应液中补加2.4g1-二甲氧基甲基-4-甲氧基苯,再反应约2h,结束反应。反应液浓缩,经柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=10:1)分离纯化,得到黄色油状物(3.52g,92%),黄色油状物中混有少量的对甲氧基苯甲醛。
g.(4S,5R)-3-叔丁氧羰基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-苯基-5-噁唑烷羧酸苄酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000033
将上一步油状物(4.07g,10.47mmol)与叔丁基氧基甲酰氯(1.56g,12.57mmol)、三乙胺(2.64g,26.17mol)溶于10ml的二氯甲烷中,在室温下搅拌过夜。浓缩反应液,经柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=10:1)分离纯化,得到黄色油状物(4.83g,94.4%)。
h.(4S,5R)-3-叔丁氧羰基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-苯基-5-噁唑烷羧酸的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000034
将上一步的产物(4.83g,9.88mmol)溶于10ml的甲醇当中,加入1.0g的氢氧化钯。在室温下,通入氢气(20psi)反应约1h,TLC监测反应完成,反应液过滤后浓缩,经柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=5:1)分离纯化,得到最终产物白色固体(2.68g,67.9%)。
2)7,10-甲氧基-1,14-碳酸酯-巴卡亭III的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000035
以10-DAB(1当量)为起始原料,溶于二氯甲烷溶剂中,在0℃下,加入3当量的吡啶,接着,向反应液中滴加3当量的对甲苯磺酰氯,反应4h后,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到化合物1,产率为85~90%。
将化合物1(1当量)溶于无水四氢呋喃中,在氮气保护下,在室温下,与甲基溴化镁(2.5当量)反应3h后,经过后处理,干燥得到粗品化合物2。
化合物2(1当量)溶于丙酮溶液中,室温下,加入10当量的二氧化锰,反应4h后,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到化合物3,产率为85%。
化合物3(1当量)溶于干燥THF/DMPU(4:1)溶液中,在-70℃下,加入1.2当量的叔丁醇钾,反应20min后,向反应液中缓慢的滴加入2当量的N-(磺酰基)氧杂吖丙啶,反应2h,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到化合物4,产率为75%。
化合物4(1当量)在干燥的四氢呋喃中,与2当量的N,N’-羰基二咪唑反应,生成化合物5,产率为95%。
化合物5(1当量)在干燥的四氢呋喃中,室温下,先加入0.2当量的(R)-2-甲基噁唑硼烷作为催化剂,然后向反应液中加入5当量的硼烷/四氢呋喃溶液,反应8h,结束反应,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到最终的7,10-甲氧基-1,14-碳酸酯-巴卡亭III化合物6,产率为86%。
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000036
3)PCMI-01的制备
7,10-甲氧基-1,14-碳酸酯-巴卡亭III(1当量)与(4S,5R)-3-叔丁氧羰基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-苯基-5-噁唑烷羧酸(4当量)在二氯甲烷为溶剂,室温下,先后加入0.5当量的DMAP和2.0当量DCC,过夜反应,生成的产物在2当量的乙酰氯/甲醇溶液中反应,生成最终的紫杉烷衍生物PCMI-01,两步总产率为71%,产物的纯度达到95%以上。
PCMI-01:mp:242~243℃;
MS(m/z)ESI:900.4(M+Na)+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.03(d,J=7.3Hz,2H),7.63(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.50(t,J=7.7Hz,2H),7.47–7.33(m,5H),6.47(d,J=5.7Hz,1H),6.09(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),5.50(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),5.34(s,1H),4.96(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),4.78(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),4.74(s,1H),4.72(s,1H),4.30(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),4.25(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),3.86(dd,J=10.8,6.3Hz,1H),3.71(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),3.49(s,3H),3.32(s,3H),2.75-2.67(m,1H),2.45(s,3H),1.93(s,3H),1.87–1.78(m,1H),1.77(s,3H),1.41(s,9H),1.33(s,3H),1.31(s,3H).
13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ203.51,171.19,164.63,151.96,135.97,134.09,129.92,128.95,128.12,126.67,88.08,83.97,82.17,81.17,80.51,79.69,75.99,74.94,74.42,69.18,57.88,57.08,46.76,41.90,31.83,29.69,28.25,26.06,22.61,22.14,14.56,10.39.
实施例2 PCMI-02的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000037
1)(4S,5R)-3-苯甲酰基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-苯基-5-噁唑烷羧酸的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000038
(4S,5R)-3-苯甲酰基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-苯基-5-噁唑烷羧酸的制备方法与实施例1中所示基本相同,除了g步骤有所差异,其余步骤参见实施例1中的反应。
g.(4S,5R)-3-苯甲酰基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-苯基-5-噁唑烷羧酸苄酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000039
将(4S,5R)-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-苯基-5-噁唑烷羧酸苄酯(1当量)溶于干燥的四氢呋喃中,在-40℃下,向反应液中加入1.5当量的LHMDS,反应1h后,再向反应液中滴加入2当量的苯甲酰氯,反应3h后结束反应,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,产率为85%。
有关步骤2)中7,10-甲氧基-1,14-碳酸酯-巴卡亭III的制备以及步骤3)中PCMI-02的制备方法与实施例1中的2)和3)的反应过程相同,参见实施例1中的步骤2)和步骤3)。最终产品的纯度达到95%以上。
PCMI-02:mp:234~235℃;
MS(m/z)ESI:904.3(M+Na)+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.14(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.80(d,J=7.9Hz,2H),7.62(t,J=7.1Hz,1H),7.53-7.44(m,7H),7.38(t,J=7.4Hz,3H),7.20(d,J=8.9Hz,1H),6.49(d,J=6.6Hz,1H),6.08(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),5.95(dd,J=8.8,3.0Hz,1H),4.97(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),4.92-4.88(m,2H,H-2’),4.71(s,1H),4.29(q,J=8.5Hz,2H),3.98(d,J=5.1Hz,1H),3.86(m,1H),3.73(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),3.48(s,3H),3.31(s,3H),2.78–2.65(m,1H),2.56(s,3H),1.88(s,3H),1.85–1.74(m,4H),1.31(s,3H),1.28(s,3H).
13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ203.54,172.05,171.20,167.55,164.79,151.88,137.66,136.28,135.77,134.10,133.55,131.98,130.12,129.03,128.61,128.30,128.05,127.33,126.86, 88.25,84.07,82.08,81.10,80.39,79.82,76.07,74.88,73.97,69.25,57.92,57.08,55.02,46.81,41.86,31.79,29.70,25.98,24.89,22.70,22.28,14.49,10.46.
实施例3 PCMI-03的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000040
1)(4S,5R)-3-二甲胺基甲酰基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-苯基-5-噁唑烷羧酸的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000041
除了g步骤有所差异,(4S,5R)-3-二甲胺基甲酰基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-苯基-5-噁唑烷羧酸的制备方法与实施例1中所示基本相同,其余步骤参见实施例1中的反应。
g.(4S,5R)-3-二甲胺基甲酰基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-苯基-5-噁唑烷羧酸苄酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000042
将(4S,5R)-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-苯基-5-噁唑烷羧酸苄酯(1当量)溶于干燥的四氢呋喃中,在-40℃下,向反应液中加入1.5当量的LHMDS,反应1h后,再向反应液中滴加2当量的二甲胺基甲酰氯,反应3h后结束反应,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,产率为80%。
有关步骤2)7,10-甲氧基-1,14-碳酸酯-巴卡亭III的制备以及步骤3)中PCMI-03的制备方法与实施例1中的2)和3)的反应过程相同,参见实施例1中的步骤2)和步骤3)。最终产物纯度达到95%以上。
PCMI-03:mp:205~206℃;
MS(m/z)ESI:871.5(M+Na)+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.10(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.63(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.49(t,J=7.7Hz,2H),7.43(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.38(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),7.35–7.29(m,1H),6.11(t,J=8.1Hz,1H),5.97–5.88(m,1H),5.80(d,J=6.1Hz,1H),5.67(d,J=9.7Hz,1H),5.30(d,J=9.3Hz,1H),4.93(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),4.63(s,1H),4.29(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),4.17(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),3.97(t,J=11.1Hz,1H),3.01(d,J=6.0Hz,1H),2.64–2.52(m,1H),2.38(dd,J=15.3,10.0Hz, 1H),2.28(d,J=11.0Hz,5H),2.16-2.10(m,1H),2.11(s,3H),1.88-1.82(m,1H)1.73(s,6H),1.42(s,12H),1.25(s,3H).
13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ171.64,171.21,170.78,170.62,167.10,155.18,138.80,137.60,136.85,133.72,130.09,129.20,128.65,128.58,127.82,127.04,84.73,82.82,79.96,78.61,76.58,73.96,72.18,70.96,69.23,60.42,55.89,44.99,42.98,42.33,37.36,36.66,35.66,29.70,28.30,22.60,21.81,21.40,16.71,14.94.
实施例4 PCMI-04的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000043
1)(4S,5R)-3-叔丁基氧羰基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-(2-吡啶基)-5-噁唑烷羧酸的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000044
(4S,5R)-3-叔丁基氧羰基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-(2-吡啶基)-5-噁唑烷羧酸的制备方法与实施例1中所示基本相同,除了c步骤有所差异,其余步骤参见实施例1中的反应。
c.N-叔丁基亚磺酰基吡啶2-甲烯胺的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000045
将(SR)-叔丁基亚磺酰胺(5.22g,0.043mol)和吡啶-2-甲醛(4.47g,0.052mol)溶于20ml的二氯甲烷中,向溶液中加入硫酸镁(25.90g,0.22mol)和PPTS(0.54g,2.20mmol)。该反应液在室温下搅拌24h,过滤,滤饼用二氯甲烷润洗(20ml×3),浓缩得到粗产品,经柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=15:1)纯化,得到无色油状物(7.13g,80.2%)。
有关步骤2)7,10-甲氧基-1,14-碳酸酯-巴卡亭III的制备以及步骤3)中PCMI-04的制备方法与实施例1中的2)和3)的反应过程相同,参见实施例1中的步骤2)和步骤3)。最终产物的纯度达到95%以上。
PCMI-04:mp:244~245℃;
MS(m/z)ESI:901.3(M+Na)+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.46(d,J=4.5Hz,1H),8.06–7.99(m,2H),7.83–7.75(m,1H),7.62(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.49(t,J=7.8Hz,3H),7.29(m,1H),6.39(dd,J=6.7,1.4Hz,1H), 6.08(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),5.81(d,J=10.0Hz,1H),5.49–5.39(m,1H),4.99(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),4.82(d,J=6.7Hz,1H),4.78(s,1H),4.73(s,1H),4.30(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),4.22(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),3.89(dd,J=10.8,6.3Hz,1H),3.72(d,J=3.7Hz,1H),3.45(s,3H),3.31(s,3H),2.77–2.67(m,1H,H-6),2.52(s,3H),1.92(d,J=1.0Hz,3H),1.82-1.77(dd,J=19.3,7.9Hz,1H),1.76(s,3H),1.48(s,9H),1.30(s,3H),1.24(s,J=8.0Hz,3H).
13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ203.62,171.02,164.65,159.41,152.08,148.04,137.91,136.46,136.21,134.12,129.86,128.90,123.04,122.28,88.26,83.97,82.23,80.91,80.40,80.05,75.93,73.92,69.37,57.87,57.10,57.03,46.82,41.85,31.82,29.68,28.34,26.00,22.07,14.55,10.37.
实施例5 PCMI-05的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000046
1)(4S,5R)-3-叔丁基氧羰基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-异丁基-5-噁唑烷羧酸的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000047
(4S,5R)-3-叔丁基氧羰基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-异丁基-5-噁唑烷羧酸的制备方法与实施例1中所示基本相同,除了c步骤有所差异,其余步骤参见实施例1中的反应。
c.N-叔丁基亚磺酰基吡啶异戊烯胺的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000048
将(SR)-叔丁基亚磺酰胺(5.22g,0.043mol)和异戊醛(5.51g,0.052mol)溶于20ml的二氯甲烷中,向溶液中加入硫酸镁(25.90g,0.22mol)和PPTS(0.54g,2.20mmol)。该反应液在室温下搅拌24h,过滤,滤饼用二氯甲烷润洗(20ml×3),浓缩得到粗产品,经柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=15:1)纯化,得到无色油状物(7.26g,89.3%)。
有关步骤2)7,10-甲氧基-1,14-碳酸酯-巴卡亭III的制备以及步骤3)中PCMI-05的制备方法与实施例1中的2)和3)的反应过程相同,参见实施例1中的步骤2)和步骤3)。最终产物的纯度达到95%以上。
PCMI-05:mp:237~238℃;
MS(m/z)ESI:880.4(M+Na)+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.03(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),7.61(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.48(t,J=7.7Hz,2H),6.46(d,J=6.2Hz,1H),6.08(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),4.97(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),4.84(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),4.80(d,J=9.1Hz,1H),4.74(s,1H),4.33(dd,J=6.2,3.2Hz,1H),4.29(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),4.23(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),4.17–4.07(m,1H),4.03(d,J=6.2Hz,1H),3.86(dd,J=10.7,6.4Hz,1H),3.71(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),3.47(s,3H),3.30(s,3H),2.70(ddd,J=14.3,9.8,6.3Hz,1H),2.49(s,3H),1.96(d,J=1.2Hz,3H),1.86–1.77(m,1H),1.76(s,3H),1.73-1.67(m,2H)1.521.42(m,1H),1.39(s,9H),1.31(d,J=5.9Hz,6H),0.99(t,J=6.5Hz,6H).
13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ203.58,172.84,170.75,164.68,156.23,152.06,136.25,134.08,129.92,128.93,128.06,88.16,83.98,82.17,81.03,80.36,79.73,75.95,74.73,73.81,69.22,57.85,57.09,57.07,46.74,41.92,31.80,29.69,28.24,26.04,24.86,23.25,22.55,22.16,14.66,10.41.
实施例6 PCMI-06的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000049
1)(4S,5R)-3-叔丁基氧羰基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-苯基-5-噁唑烷羧酸的制备
具体方法参见实施例1中的合成方法。
2)10-甲氧基-7-三乙基硅-1,14-碳酸酯-巴卡亭III的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000050
以10-DAB(1当量)为起始原料,溶于DMF中,先后加入2.5当量的咪唑和2.5当量的三乙基氯硅烷,经过后处理得到粗品化合物7。
将化合物7溶于二氯甲烷溶剂中,在0℃下,加入2当量的吡啶,接着向反应液中滴加入2当量的对甲苯磺酰氯,反应4h后,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到化合物8,产率为85~90%。
化合物8(1当量)溶于无水四氢呋喃中,在氮气保护下,室温下,与甲基溴化镁(2当量)反应3h后,经过后处理,干燥得到粗品化合物9。
化合物9(1当量)溶于丙酮溶液中,室温下,加入10当量的二氧化锰,反应4h后,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到化合物10,产率为75%。
化合物10(1当量)溶于干燥THF/DMPU(4:1)溶液中,在-70℃下,加入1.2当量的叔 丁醇钾,反应20min后,向反应液中缓慢地滴加2当量的N-(磺酰基)氧杂吖丙啶,反应2h,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到化合物11,产率为75%。
化合物11(1当量)在干燥的四氢呋喃中,与2当量的N,N’-羰基二咪唑反应,生成化合物12,产率为95%。
化合物12(1当量)在干燥的四氢呋喃中,室温下,先加入0.2当量的(R)-2-甲基噁唑硼烷作为催化剂,然后向反应液中加入5当量的硼烷/四氢呋喃溶液,反应8h,结束反应,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到最终的10-甲氧基-1,14-碳酸酯-巴卡亭III化合物13,产率为80%。
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000051
3)PCMI-06的制备
参见实施例1中步骤3)的具体过程。最终产物的纯度达到95%以上。
PCMI-06:mp:233~235℃;
MS(m/z)ESI:886.3(M+Na)+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.02(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),7.62(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.49(t,J=7.7Hz,2H),7.46–7.37(m,4H),7.37–7.30(m,1H),6.46(d,J=6.2Hz,1H),6.10(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),5.51(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),5.33(s,1H),4.92(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),4.87(s,1H),4.78(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),4.71(s,1H),4.28(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),4.22(t,J=6.8Hz,2H),3.73(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),3.44(s,3H),2.55(ddd,J=15.8,9.6,6.5Hz,1H),2.43(s,3H),1.91–1.79(m,4H),1.73(s,3H),1.38(s,9H),1.30(d,J=2.5Hz,6H).
13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ205.25,170.66,164.75,151.96,136.44,135.77),134.17,129.95,128.98,128.17,127.99,126.66,88.11,84.13,82.19,80.74,79.63,76.07,74.41,71.66,69.34,60.46,58.02,57.36,46.23,41.77,36.79,28.25,25.73,22.54,22.22,14.51,9.83.
实施例7 PCMI-07的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000052
1)(4S,5R)-3-叔丁基氧羰基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-苯基-5-噁唑烷羧酸的制备
具体方法参见实施例1中的合成方法。
2)10-甲氧基-7-二氢-1,14-碳酸酯巴卡亭III的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000053
以10-DAB(1当量)为起始原料,溶于DMF中,先后加入2.5当量的咪唑和2.5当量的三乙基氯硅烷,经过后处理得到粗品化合物7。
将化合物7溶于二氯甲烷溶剂中,在0℃下,加入2当量的吡啶,接着向反应液中滴加2当量的对甲苯磺酰氯,反应4h后,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到化合物8,产率为85~90%。
化合物8(1当量)溶于无水四氢呋喃中,在氮气保护下,室温下,与甲基溴化镁(2当量)反应3h后,经过后处理,干燥得到粗品化合物9。
化合物9(1当量)溶于干燥的THF中,在室温下,加入1.5当量的四丁基氟化铵四氢呋喃溶液,反应1h后,结束反应,经过后处理,经柱层析分离得到化合物14,产率为92%。
化合物14(1当量)溶于干燥的四氢呋喃溶液中,在室温下,向反应液中加入8当量的N,N’-硫羰基二咪唑,反应2h后,结束反应,经过后处理,经柱层析分离得到化合物15,产率为78%。
化合物15(1当量)溶于二氧六环/四氢呋喃(10:1)溶液,在100℃下,加入0.2当量的偶氮二异丁腈作为催化剂,引发自由基反应后,然后向反应液中加入4当量的正丁基氢化锡,反应1h后,在室温下冷却过夜,经柱层析分离,得到化合物16,产率为52%。
化合物16(1当量)溶于丙酮溶液中,室温下,加入10当量的二氧化锰,反应4h后,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到化合物17,产率为75%。
化合物17(1当量)溶于干燥THF/DMPU(4:1)溶液中,在-70℃下,加入1.2当量的叔丁醇钾,反应20min后,向反应液中缓慢的滴加入2当量的N-(磺酰基)氧杂吖丙啶,反应2h,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到化合物18,产率为75%。
化合物18(1当量)在干燥的四氢呋喃中,与2当量的N,N’-羰基二咪唑反应,生成化合物19,产率为95%。
化合物19(1当量)在干燥的四氢呋喃中,室温下,先加入0.2当量的(R)-2-甲基噁唑硼烷作为催化剂,然后向反应液中加入5当量的硼烷/四氢呋喃溶液,反应8h,结束反应,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到最终的10-甲氧基7-二氢-1,14-碳酸酯巴卡亭III化合物20,产率为80%。
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000054
3)PCMI-07的制备
参见实施例1中步骤3)的具体过程。最终产物的纯度达到95%以上。
PCMI-07:mp:226~227℃;
MS(m/z)ESI:870.3(M+Na)+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.05(d,J=7.4Hz,2H),7.61(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.50(t,J=7.7Hz,3H),7.47–7.31(m,5H),6.46(d,J=6.3Hz,1H),6.09(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),5.43(d,J=9.0Hz,1H,),5.35(s,1H),4.90(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),4.86(s,1H),4.82(d,J=7.0Hz,1H),4.70(s,1H),4.28(s,2H),3.66(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),3.58(s,1H),3.46(s,3H),2.43(s,3H),2.23(dd,J=15.0,6.1Hz,1H),2.04–1.93(m,2H),1.89(d,J=1.1Hz,3H),1.80(s,3H),1.59(dd,J=11.9,5.7Hz,1H),1.38(s,9H),1.30(s,3H),1.26(s,3H).
13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ207.81,171.18,164.83,151.95,136.00,134.05,129.97,129.01,128.94,128.19,128.16,126.59,88.25,84.31,81.75,81.02,80.67,79.59,76.20,74.43,70.08,57.20,53.30,41.52,35.53,31.93,29.70,28.23,27.02,25.35,22.70,22.10,14.93,14.31.
实施例8 PCMI-08的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000055
1)(4S,5R)-3-叔丁基氧羰基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-苯基-5-噁唑烷羧酸的制备
具体方法参见实施例1中步骤1)的合成方法。
2)10-二甲胺基甲酰基-7-甲氧基-1,14-碳酸酯巴卡亭III的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000056
以10-DAB(1当量)为起始原料,溶于DMF中,先后加入2.5当量的咪唑和2.5当量的三乙基氯硅烷,经过后处理,得到粗品化合物7。
将化合物7(1当量)溶于干燥的THF溶剂中,在0℃下,加入1.5当量的LHMDS,反应1h后,接着向反应液中缓慢滴加2当量的二甲胺基甲酰氯,反应2h后,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到化合物21,产率为87%。
化合物21(1当量)溶于丙酮溶液中,室温下,加入10当量的二氧化锰,反应4h后,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到化合物22,产率为75%。
化合物22溶于干燥的THF中,在室温下,加入1.5当量的四丁基氟化铵四氢呋喃溶液,反应1h后,结束反应,经过后处理,经柱层析分离,得到化合物23,产率为90%。
化合物23与对甲苯磺酰氯反应,生成化合物24。
化合物24(1当量)无水四氢呋喃中,在氮气保护下,室温下,与甲基溴化镁(2当量)反应3h后,经过后处理,干燥得到粗品化合物25。
化合物25(1当量)溶于干燥THF/DMPU(4:1)溶液中,在-70℃下,加入1.2当量的叔丁醇钾,反应20min后,向反应液中缓慢的滴加入2当量的N-(磺酰基)氧杂吖丙啶,反应2h,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到化合物26,产率为75%。
化合物26(1当量)在干燥的四氢呋喃中,与2当量的N,N’-羰基二咪唑反应,生成化合物27,产率为95%。
化合物27(1当量)在干燥的四氢呋喃中,室温下,先加入0.2当量的(R)-2-甲基噁唑硼烷作为催化剂,然后向反应液中加入5当量的硼烷/四氢呋喃溶液,反应8h,结束反应,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到最终的10-二甲胺基甲酰基-7-甲氧基-1,14-碳酸酯巴卡亭III化合物28,产率为80%。
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000057
3)PCMI-08的制备
参见实施例1中步骤3)的具体过程。最终产物的纯度达到95%以上。
PCMI-08:mp:246~247℃;
MS(m/z)ESI:957.5(M+Na)+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.04(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),7.63(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.50(t,J=7.7Hz,2H),7.45–7.31(m,5H),6.45(d,J=6.0Hz,1H),6.39(s,1H),6.11(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),5.55(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),5.35(s,1H),4.96(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),4.82(d,J=6.6Hz,1H),4.71(s,1H),4.29(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),4.22(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),3.86(dd,J=10.6,6.5Hz,1H),3.78(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),3.35(s,3H),3.07(s,3H),2.98(s,3H),2.72(ddd,J=14.6,9.7,6.5Hz,1H),2.46(s, 3H),1.98(d,J=0.9Hz,3H),1.85–1.74(m,4H),1.40(s,9H),1.36(s,3H),1.32(s,3H).
13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ202.12,171.91,171.24,170.81,164.68,155.71,154.81,151.92,138.16,137.39,134.64,134.15,129.93,128.95,128.12,128.01,126.63,88.01,84.02,81.04,80.60,80.16,79.68,75.91,75.00,74.74,74.34,69.12,57.81,57.36,46.68,41.83,36.81,36.21,32.12,28.26,25.87,22.75,22.62,14.55,10.39.
实施例9 PCMI-09的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000058
1)(4S,5R)-3-叔丁基氧羰基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-(2-吡啶基)-5-噁唑烷羧酸的制备
具体方法参见实施例4中的步骤1)的合成方法。
2)10-二甲胺基甲酰基-7-甲氧基-1,14-碳酸酯巴卡亭III的制备
具体方法参见实施例8中的步骤2)的合成方法。
3)PCMI-09的制备
具体方法参见实施例1中的步骤3)的合成方法。最终产物的纯度达到95%以上。
PCMI-09:mp:241~242℃;
MS(m/z)ESI:958.3(M+Na)+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.06(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.63(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.50(t,J=7.7Hz,2H),6.48(d,J=6.3Hz,1H),6.42(s,1H),6.14(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),4.95(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),4.89(d,J=6.9Hz,1H),4.77(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),4.33(dd,J=8.9,5.8Hz,2H),4.27(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),4.22–4.09(m,1H),3.93–3.83(m,2H,H-7),3.77(d,J=7.3Hz,1H),3.41(s,3H),2.88(s,6H),2.60–2.41(m,4H),2.02(s,3H),1.96(dd,J=19.7,7.7Hz,1H),1.85(s,3H),1.75–1.69(m,1H),1.52–1.37(m,11H),1.30(s,3H),1.27(s,3H),1.01(t,J=6.3Hz,6H).
13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ205.08,172.96,170.35,164.81,154.97,152.01,136.39,134.05,129.95,128.94,128.11,88.09,84.03,80.96,80.39,80.16,79.69,75.89,75.02,74.64,73.84,69.17,57.29,57.07,51.49,45.88,41.76,40.57,36.54,35.86,33.76,29.67,28.24),25.57,24.85,23.24,22.46,22.08,14.42,10.90.
实施例10 PCMI-10的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000059
1)(4S,5R)-3-叔丁基氧羰基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-异丁基-5-噁唑烷羧酸的制备
具体方法参见实施例5中的步骤1)的合成方法。
2)10-二甲胺基甲酰基-7-甲氧基-1,14-碳酸酯巴卡亭III的制备
具体方法参见实施例8中的步骤2)的合成方法。
3)PCMI-10的制备
具体方法参见实施例1中的步骤3)的合成方法。最终产品的纯度达到95%以上。
PCMI-10:mp:236~237℃;
MS(m/z)ESI:937.4(M+Na)+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.05(d,J=7.4Hz,2H),7.63(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.50(t,J=7.7Hz,2H),6.47(d,J=6.3Hz,1H),6.41(s,1H),6.13(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),4.98(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),4.89(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),4.77(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),4.37–4.32(m,1H),4.30(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),4.24(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),4.17–4.06(m,1H),4.04(d,J=6.2Hz,1H),3.88(dd,J=10.6,6.5Hz,1H),3.77(d,J=7.3Hz,1H),3.36(s,3H),3.08(s,3H),2.99(s,3H),2.74(ddd,J=14.5,9.7,6.4Hz,1H),2.52(s,3H),2.04(d,J=1.2Hz,3H),1.88–1.77(m,5H),1.77–1.66(m,3H),1.41(s,11H),1.37(s,3H),1.34(s,3H),1.01(t,J=6.7Hz,6H).
13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ202.17,172.86,170.75,164.73,156.27,154.81,151.99,137.55,134.58,134.12,129.94,128.96,128.03,88.09,84.03,80.96,80.39,80.16,79.69,75.89,75.02,74.64,73.84,69.17,57.83,57.35,51.68,46.68,41.86,40.30,36.81,36.21,32.10,29.70,28.24,25.87,24.87,23.23,22.56,22.20,14.65,10.41.
实施例11 PCMI-11的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000060
1)(4S,5R)-3-二甲胺基甲酰基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-苯基-5-噁唑烷羧酸的制备
具体方法参见实施例3中的步骤1)的合成方法。
2)10-二甲胺基甲酰基-7-甲氧基-1,14-碳酸酯巴卡亭III的制备
具体方法参见实施例8中的步骤2)的合成方法。
3)PCMI-11的制备
具体方法参见实施例1中的步骤3)的合成方法。最终产物的纯度达到95%以上。
PCMI-11:mp:241~242℃;
MS(m/z)ESI:928.5(M+Na)+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.03(d,J=7.3Hz,2H),7.62(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.49(t,J=7.7Hz,2H),6.08(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),5.49(dd,J=10.7,7.2Hz,1H),5.23(s,1H),5.04(t,1H),4.97(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),4.80(d,J=5.8Hz,1H),4.32(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),4.22(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),3.87(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),3.67(d,J=5.3Hz,1H),3.40(s,3H),2.87(s,6H),2.54(m,J=14.5,9.5,7.3Hz,1H),2.31(s,3H),2.17(s,3H),1.92(ddd,J=14.2,8.1,2.6Hz,1H),1.81(s,3H),1.24(s,3H),1.14(s,3H).
13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ205.73,171.28,170.21,164.84,155.01,152.98,141.50,134.17,133.99,129.83,128.91,128.14,88.54,84.21,83.86,82.88,80.06,75.99,72.28,71.79,69.45,57.11,57.00,46.25,41.32,36.53,35.89,33.73,25.62,22.21,21.33,14.91,10.85.
实施例12 PCMI-12的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000061
1)(4S,5R)-3-叔丁基氧羰基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-苯基-5-噁唑烷羧酸的制备
具体方法参见实施例1中步骤1)的合成方法。
2)10-甲氧基甲酰基-7-甲氧基-1,14-碳酸酯巴卡亭III的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000062
以10-DAB(1当量)为起始原料,溶于DMF中,先后加入2.5当量的咪唑和2.5当量的三乙基氯硅烷,经过后处理得到粗品化合物7。
将化合物7(1当量)溶于干燥的THF溶剂中,在0℃下,加入1.5当量的LHMDS,反应 1h后,接着向反应液中缓慢滴加2当量的甲氧基甲酰氯,反应2h后,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到化合物29,产率为62%。
化合物29(1当量)溶于丙酮溶液中,室温下,加入10当量的二氧化锰,反应4h后,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到化合物30,产率为75%。
化合物30溶于干燥的THF中,在室温下,加入1.5当量的四丁基氟化铵四氢呋喃溶液,反应1h后,结束反应,经过后处理,经柱层析分离得到化合物31,产率为90%。
化合物31与对甲苯磺酰氯反应,生成化合物32。
化合物32(1当量)无水四氢呋喃中,在氮气保护下,室温下,与甲基溴化镁(2当量)反应3h后,经过后处理,干燥得到粗品化合物33。
化合物33(1当量)溶于干燥THF/DMPU(4:1)溶液中,在-70℃下,加入1.2当量的叔丁醇钾,反应20min后,向反应液中缓慢滴加2当量的N-(磺酰基)氧杂吖丙啶,反应2h,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到化合物34,产率为75%。
化合物34(1当量)在干燥的四氢呋喃中,与2当量的N,N’-羰基二咪唑反应,生成化合物35,产率为95%。
化合物35(1当量)在干燥的四氢呋喃中,室温下,先加入0.2当量的(R)-2-甲基噁唑硼烷作为催化剂,然后向反应液中加入5当量的硼烷/四氢呋喃溶液,反应8h,结束反应,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到最终的10-甲氧基甲酰基-7-甲氧基-1,14-碳酸酯巴卡亭III化合物36,产率为80%。
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000063
3)PCMI-12的制备
具体方法参见实施例1中的步骤3)的合成方法。最终产物的纯度达到95%以上。
PCMI-12:mp:231~232℃;
MS(m/z)ESI:944.4(M+Na)+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.02(d,J=7.3Hz,2H),7.61(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.48(t,J=7.7Hz,2H),7.45–7.30(m,5H),6.44(d,J=6.1Hz,1H,H-13),6.15(s,1H,H-10),6.09(d,J=7.5Hz,1H,H-2),5.47(d,J=9.0Hz,1H,NH-3’),5.33(s,1H,H-3’),4.94(d,J=7.9Hz,1H,H-5),4.78(d,J=6.7Hz,1H,H-14),4.71(s,1H,H-2’),4.28(d,J=8.4Hz,1H,H-20),4.21(d,J=8.3Hz,1H,H-20),3.92–3.80(m,4H,OH-2’),3.70(d,J=7.4Hz,1H,H-3),3.35(s,3H),2.72(ddd, J=14.5,9.8,6.4Hz,1H,H-6),2.44(s,3H),1.94(d,J=1.1Hz,3H),1.86–1.73(m,4H,H-6),1.40(s,9H),1.32(s,6H).
13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ200.44,171.89,170.88,164.62,154.60,151.81,138.29,134.17,133.84,129.94,129.03,128.95,128.23,127.97,126.65,87.92,83.94,81.04,80.72,80.10,79.56,75.91,74.74,74.40,69.00,57.67,57.38,55.41,46.62,41.79,32.06,29.70,28.25,25.74,22.62,22.35,14.71,10.40.
实施例13 PCMI-13的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000064
1)(4S,5R)-3-叔丁基氧羰基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-苯基-5-噁唑烷羧酸的制备
具体方法参见实施例1中步骤1)的合成方法。
2)10-乙硫醚甲酰基-7-甲氧基-1,14-碳酸酯巴卡亭III的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000065
以10-DAB(1当量)为起始原料,溶于DMF中,先后加入2.5当量的咪唑和2.5当量的三乙基氯硅烷,经过后处理得到粗品化合物7。
将化合物7(1当量)溶于干燥的THF溶剂中,在室温下,先与2当量的N,N-羰基二咪唑反应2h后,然后向反应液中加入2当量的乙硫醇,反应4h后,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到化合物37,产率为72%。
化合物37(1当量)溶于丙酮溶液中,室温下,加入10当量的二氧化锰,反应4h后,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到化合物38,产率为86%。
化合物38溶于干燥的THF中,在室温下,加入1.5当量的四丁基氟化铵四氢呋喃溶液,反应1h后,结束反应,经过后处理,经柱层析分离得到化合物39,产率为90%。
化合物39与对甲苯磺酰氯反应,生成化合物40。
化合物40(1当量)无水四氢呋喃中,在氮气保护下,室温下,与甲基溴化镁(2当量)反应3h后,经过后处理,干燥得到粗品41。
化合物41(1当量)溶于干燥THF/DMPU(4:1)溶液中,在-70℃下,加入1.2当量的叔丁醇钾,反应20min后,向反应液中缓慢滴加2当量的N-(磺酰基)氧杂吖丙啶,反应2h,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到化合物42,产率为75%。
化合物42(1当量)在干燥的四氢呋喃中,与2当量的N,N’-羰基二咪唑反应,生成化合物43,产率为95%。
化合物43(1当量)在干燥的四氢呋喃中,室温下,先加入0.2当量的(R)-2-甲基噁唑硼烷作为催化剂,然后向反应液中加入5当量的硼烷/四氢呋喃溶液,反应8h,结束反应,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到最终的10-乙硫醚甲酰基-7-甲氧基-1,14-碳酸酯巴卡亭III化合物44,产率为80%。
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000066
3)PCMI-13的制备
具体方法参见实施例1中的步骤3)的合成方法。最终产物的纯度达到95%以上。
PCMI-13:mp:215~216℃;
MS(m/z)ESI:974.4(M+Na)+
1H NMR(400MHz,MeOD)δ8.14(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.69(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.58(t,J=7.7Hz,2H),7.44–7.36(m,4H),7.34–7.27(m,1H),6.39(d,J=10.7Hz,1H),6.15(t,J=8.9Hz,1H),5.87(d,J=6.3Hz,1H),5.23(d,J=10.7Hz,1H),5.15(s,1H),4.99(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),4.89(m,1H),4.56(d,J=2.3Hz,1H),4.25(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),4.19(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),3.33(s,1H),3.24(d,J=6.1Hz,1H),2.77–2.62(m,1H),2.34(s,3H),2.22(t,J=9.2Hz,2H),2.14(s, 3H),1.99–1.88(m,4H),1.78(s,3H),1.66(s,3H),1.39(s,9H),1.27(s,3H).
13C NMR(101MHz,MeOD)δ173.20,171.57,170.61,170.09,166.07,156.40,146.86,141.17,139.00,133.34,129.90,129.68,128.29,127.40,126.90,84.25,83.21,80.84,79.21,79.01,77.19,75.68,73.67,73.54,71.10,70.96,60.15,56.99,45.14,42.88,38.23,34.89,33.87,33.37,27.33,26.98,25.37,24.68,22.31,21.85,19.53,13.59,13.12,12.31.
实施例14 PCMI-14的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000067
1)(4S,5R)-3-叔丁基氧羰基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-苯基-5-噁唑烷羧酸的制备
具体方法参见实施例1中步骤1)的合成方法。
2)7-二甲胺基甲酰基-10-甲氧基-1,14-碳酸酯巴卡亭III的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000068
以10-DAB(1当量)为起始原料,溶于DMF中,先后加入2.5当量的咪唑和2.5当量的三乙基氯硅烷,经过后处理得到粗品化合物7。
将化合物7溶于二氯甲烷溶剂中,在0℃下,加入2当量的吡啶,接着向反应液中滴加2当量的对甲苯磺酰氯,反应4h后,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到化合物8,产率为85~90%。
化合物8(1当量)溶于无水四氢呋喃中,在氮气保护下,室温下,与甲基溴化镁(2当量)反应3h后,经过后处理,干燥得到粗品化合物9。
化合物9(1当量)溶于丙酮溶液中,室温下,加入10当量的二氧化锰,反应4h后,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到化合物10,产率为75%。
化合物10(1当量)干燥的THF中,在室温下,加入1.5当量的四丁基氟化铵四氢呋喃溶液,反应1h后,结束反应,经过后处理,经柱层析分离,得到化合物45,产率为90%。
将化合物45(1当量)溶于干燥的THF溶剂中,在0℃下,加入1.5当量的LHMDS,反应1h后,接着向反应液中缓慢滴加2当量的二甲胺基甲酰氯,反应2h后,经过后处理,经柱 层析纯化,得到化合物46,产率为87%。
化合物46(1当量)溶于干燥THF/DMPU(4:1)溶液中,在-70℃下,加入1.2当量的叔丁醇钾,反应20min后,向反应液中缓慢滴加2当量的N-(磺酰基)氧杂吖丙啶,反应2h,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到化合物47,产率为75%。
化合物47(1当量)在干燥的四氢呋喃中,与2当量的N,N’-羰基二咪唑反应,生成化合物48,产率为95%。
化合物48(1当量)在干燥的四氢呋喃中,室温下,先加入0.2当量的(R)-2-甲基噁唑硼烷作为催化剂,然后向反应液中加入5当量的硼烷/四氢呋喃溶液,反应8h,结束反应,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到最终的7-二甲胺基甲酰基-10-甲氧基-1,14-碳酸酯巴卡亭III化合物49,产率为80%。
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000069
3)PCMI-14的制备
具体方法参见实施例1中的步骤3)的合成方法。最终产物的纯度达到95%以上。
PCMI-14:mp:236~237℃;
MS(m/z)ESI:957.3(M+Na)+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.05(d,J=7.3Hz,2H),7.63(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.51(t,J=7.7Hz,2H),7.47–7.31(m,5H),6.48(d,J=6.1Hz,1H,H-13),6.12(d,J=7.4Hz,1H,H-2),5.54(d,J=9.1Hz,1H,NH-3’),5.46(dd,J=10.7,7.2Hz,1H,H-7),5.38(s,1H,H-3’),5.23(s,1H,H-10),4.93(d,J=8.0Hz,1H,H-5),4.82(d,J=6.8Hz,1H,H-14),4.73(d,J=4.1Hz,1H,H-2’),4.31(d,J=8.4Hz,1H,H-20),4.26(d,J=8.5Hz,1H,H-20),3.85(d,J=7.4Hz,1H,H-3),3.68(s,1H,OH-2’),3.40(s,3H),2.88(s,6H),2.59–2.49(m,1H,H-6),2.00–1.94(m,4H,H-6),1.84(s,3H),1.40(s,9H),1.30(d,J=3.2Hz,6H).
13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ205.07,172.08,170.45,164.78,154.96,151.98,136.29,135.82,134.15,129.96,128.97,128.12,128.02,126.64,88.12,83.89,82.34,80.59,80.41,79.67,76.06,74.87,74.27,71.99,69.33,57.30,57.07,45.85,41.72,36.57,35.89,33.90,33.76,29.70,28.25,25.60,25.55,24.94,22.56,22.04,14.38,10.91.
实施例15 PCMI-15的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000070
1)(4S,5R)-3-叔丁基氧羰基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-(2-吡啶基)-5-噁唑烷羧酸的制备
具体方法参见实施例4中的步骤1)的合成方法。
2)7-二甲胺基甲酰基-10-甲氧基-1,14-碳酸酯巴卡亭III的制备
具体方法参见实施例14中的步骤2)的合成方法。
3)PCMI-15的制备
具体方法参见实施例1中的步骤3)的合成方法。最终产物的纯度达到95%以上。
PCMI-15:mp:231~232℃;
MS(m/z)ESI:958.3(M+Na)+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.50(d,J=4.6Hz,1H),8.10–8.01(m,2H),7.80(td,J=7.8,1.6Hz,1H),7.65(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.51(dd,J=16.2,8.2Hz,3H),7.30(d,J=9.9Hz,1H),6.40(d,J=6.2Hz,1H),6.13(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),5.85(d,J=10.0Hz,1H),5.55–5.42(m,2H,H-7),5.24(s,1H),4.98(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),4.88(d,J=6.9Hz,1H),4.80(s,1H),4.34(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),4.26(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),3.87(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),3.38(s,3H),2.88(t,J=3.5Hz,6H),2.61 –2.51(m,4H),2.01–1.91(m,4H),1.85(s,3H),1.51(s,9H),1.27(s,3H),1.25(s,3H).
13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ205.25,172.80,170.69,164.80,159.45,154.99,152.14,148.17,137.90,136.87,135.58,134.23,129.89,128.97,128.02,123.07,122.09,88.33,83.89,82.38,80.49,80.10,80.00,76.01,74.20,72.05,69.52,57.24,57.09,55.40,45.87,41.64,36.57,35.92,33.79,31.93,29.70,28.34,25.47,22.70,22.00,21.93,14.36,14.13,10.89.
实施例16 PCMI-16的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000071
1)(4S,5R)-3-叔丁基氧羰基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-异丁基-5-噁唑烷羧酸的制备
具体方法参见实施例5中的步骤1)的合成方法。
2)7-二甲胺基甲酰基-10-甲氧基-1,14-碳酸酯巴卡亭III的制备
具体方法参见实施例14中的步骤2)的合成方法。
3)PCMI-16的制备
具体方法参见实施例1中的步骤3)的合成方法。最终产物的纯度达到95%以上。
PCMI-16:mp:227~228℃;
MS(m/z)ESI:937.2(M+Na)+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.06(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.63(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.50(t,J=7.7Hz,2H),6.48(d,J=6.3Hz,1H),6.13(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),5.48(dd,J=10.6,7.2Hz,1H),5.25(s,1H),4.95(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),4.89(d,J=6.9Hz,1H),4.77(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),4.33(dd,J=8.9,5.8Hz,2H),4.27(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),4.22–4.09(m,1H),3.93–3.83(m,2H,H-3),3.41(s,3H),2.88(s,6H),2.60–2.41(m,4H),2.02(s,3H),1.96(dd,J=19.7,7.7Hz,1H),1.85(s,3H),1.75–1.69(m,1H),1.52–1.37(m,11H),1.30(s,3H),1.27(s,3H),1.01(t,J=6.3Hz,6H).
13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ205.08,172.96,170.35,164.81,154.97,152.01,136.39,134.05,129.95,128.94,128.11,88.19,83.90,82.39,80.25,79.67,76.04,74.74,73.71,71.99,69.44,57.29,57.07,54.34,51.49,45.88,41.76,40.57,36.54,35.86,33.76,29.67,28.24),25.57,24.85,23.24,22.46,22.08,14.42,10.90.
实施例17 PCMI-17的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000072
1)(4S,5R)-3-叔丁基氧羰基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-苯基-5-噁唑烷羧酸的制备
具体方法参见实施例1中步骤1)的合成方法。
2)7-甲基醚甲酰基-10-甲氧基-1,14-碳酸酯巴卡亭III的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000073
以10-DAB(1当量)为起始原料,溶于DMF中,先后加入2.5当量的咪唑和2.5当量的三乙基氯硅烷,经过后处理得到粗品化合物7。
将化合物7溶于二氯甲烷溶剂中,在0℃下,加入2当量的吡啶,接着向反应液中滴加2当量的对甲苯磺酰氯,反应4h后,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到化合物8,产率为85~90%。
化合物8(1当量)溶于无水四氢呋喃中,在氮气保护下,室温下,与甲基溴化镁(2当量)反应3h后,经过后处理,干燥得到粗品化合物9。
化合物9(1当量)溶于丙酮溶液中,室温下,加入10当量的二氧化锰,反应4h后,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到化合物10,产率为75%。
化合物10(1当量)干燥的THF中,在室温下,加入1.5当量的四丁基氟化铵四氢呋喃溶液,反应1h后,结束反应,经过后处理,经柱层析分离得到化合物45,产率为90%。
将化合物45(1当量)溶于干燥的THF溶剂中,在0℃下,加入1.5当量的LHMDS,反应1h后,接着向反应液中缓慢的滴加入2当量的甲基醚甲酰氯,反应2h后,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到化合物50,产率为71%。
化合物50(1当量)溶于干燥THF/DMPU(4:1)溶液中,在-70℃下,加入1.2当量的叔丁醇钾,反应20min后,向反应液中缓慢滴加2当量的N-(磺酰基)氧杂吖丙啶,反应2h,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到化合物51,产率为75%。
化合物51(1当量)在干燥的四氢呋喃中,与2当量的N,N’-羰基二咪唑反应,生成化合物52,产率为95%。
化合物52(1当量)在干燥的四氢呋喃中,室温下,先加入0.2当量的(R)-2-甲基噁唑硼烷作为催化剂,然后向反应液中加入5当量的硼烷/四氢呋喃溶液,反应8h,结束反应,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到最终的7-甲基醚甲酰基-10-甲氧基-1,14-碳酸酯巴卡亭III化合物53,产率为80%。
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000074
3)PCMI-17的制备
具体方法参见实施例1中的步骤3)的合成方法。最终产物的纯度达到95%以上。
PCMI-17:mp:233~234℃;
MS(m/z)ESI:944.4(M+Na)+
IR:3411,2979,2933,1820,1731,1712,1490,1367,1259,1163,1085,713.
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.03(d,J=7.4Hz,2H),7.62(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.49(t,J=7.7Hz,2H),7.45–7.37(m,4H),7.37–7.30(m,1H),6.46(d,J=6.1Hz,1H),6.12(d,J=7.4Hz, 1H),5.58(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),5.35(dd,J=10.6,7.2Hz,2H),5.14(s,1H),4.95–4.86(m,1H),4.80(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),4.71(s,1H),4.30(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),4.23(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),3.89–3.78(m,2H),3.75(s,3H),3.41(s,3H),2.56(ddd,J=14.6,9.5,7.3Hz,1H),2.46(s,3H),2.08–1.98(m,1H),1.95(d,J=1.1Hz,3H),1.83(s,3H),1.39(s,9H),1.29(s,3H),1.28(s,3H).
13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ204.25,172.06,171.24,170.73,164.70,155.73,155.00,151.92,136.31,135.79,134.19,129.95,128.98,128.94,128.10,127.93,126.63,88.09,83.49,82.19,80.58,80.25,79.61,76.01,75.28,74.71,74.36,69.24,57.45,56.89,55.31,49.22,45.77,41.63,33.83,33.25,29.68,28.24,25.57,25.51,24.90,22.48,22.10,14.33,10.78.
实施例18 PCMI-18的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000075
1)(4S,5R)-3-叔丁基氧羰基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-(2-吡啶基)-5-噁唑烷羧酸的制备
具体方法参见实施例4中的步骤1)的合成方法。
2)7-甲基醚甲酰基-10-甲氧基-1,14-碳酸酯巴卡亭III的制备
具体方法参见实施例17中的步骤2)的合成方法。
3)PCMI-18的制备
具体方法参见实施例1中的步骤3)的合成方法。最终产物的纯度达到95%以上。
PCMI-18:mp:235~236℃;
MS(m/z)ESI:923.4(M+H)+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.50(d,J=4.6Hz,1H),8.10–8.01(m,2H),7.80(td,J=7.8,1.6Hz,1H),7.65(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.51(dd,J=16.2,8.2Hz,3H),7.30(d,J=9.9Hz,1H),6.46(d,J=6.1Hz,1H),6.12(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),5.58(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),5.35(dd,J=10.6,7.2Hz,2H),5.14(s,1H),4.95–4.86(m,1H),4.80(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),4.71(s,1H),4.30(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),4.23(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),3.89–3.78(m,2H,H-3),3.75(s,3H),3.41(s,3H),2.56(ddd,J=14.6,9.5,7.3Hz,1H),2.46(s,3H),2.08–1.98(m,1H),1.95(d,J=1.1Hz,3H),1.83(s,3H),1.39(s,9H),1.29(s,3H),1.28(s,3H).
13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ205.25,172.80,170.69,164.80,159.45,154.99,152.14,148.17,137.90,136.87,135.58,134.23,129.89,128.97,128.02,123.07,122.09,88.09,83.49,82.19,80.58,80.25,79.61,76.01,75.28,74.71,74.36,69.24,57.45,56.89,55.31,49.22,45.77,41.63,33.83,33.25,29.68,28.24,25.57,25.51,24.90,22.48,22.10,14.33,10.78.
实施例19 PCMI-19的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000076
1)(4S,5R)-3-二甲胺基甲酰基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-苯基-5-噁唑烷羧酸的制备
具体方法参见实施例3中的步骤1)的合成方法。
2)7-甲基醚甲酰基-10-甲氧基-1,14-碳酸酯巴卡亭III的制备
具体方法参见实施例17中的步骤2)的合成方法。
3)PCMI-19的制备
具体方法参见实施例1中的步骤3)的合成方法。最终产物的纯度达到95%以上。
PCMI-19:mp:213~214℃;
MS(m/z)ESI:894.3(M+H)+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.04(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),7.62(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.49(t,J=7.7Hz,2H),6.47(d,J=6.1Hz,1H),6.27(s,1H),6.11(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),4.94(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),4.87(d,J=6.9Hz,1H),4.75(d,J=8.9Hz,1H),4.39(dd,J=10.0,5.2Hz,1H),4.36–4.31(m,1H),4.30(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),4.24(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),4.14–4.06(m,1H),4.00(d,J=6.0Hz,1H),3.71(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),2.61–2.43(m,4H),2.38(d,J=3.7Hz,1H),2.26(s,3H),1.95–1.84(m,4H),1.71(d,J=12.4Hz,4H),1.52–1.37(m,11H),1.34(s,3H),1.28(s,3H),0.99(t,J=6.8Hz,6H).
13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ202.19,172.97,170.93,170.65,164.76,156.27,151.87,139.79,134.15,133.52,129.97,129.00,127.95,88.19,84.23,80.46,79.63,75.94,74.79,74.59,73.87,71.73,69.45,58.71,51.67,45.05,41.78,40.42,35.46,29.70,28.24,25.98,24.85,23.23,22.50,22.15,20.76,15.01,9.70.
实施例20 PCMI-20的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000077
1)(4S,5R)-3-叔丁基氧羰基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-异丁基-5-噁唑烷羧酸的制备
具体方法参见实施例5中的步骤1)的合成方法。
2)7-甲基醚甲酰基-10-甲氧基-1,14-碳酸酯巴卡亭III的制备
具体方法参见实施例17中的步骤2)的合成方法。
3)PCMI-20的制备
具体方法参见实施例1中的步骤3)的合成方法。最终产物的纯度达到95%以上。
PCMI-20:mp:229~230℃;
MS(m/z)ESI:924.4(M+Na)+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.04(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),7.62(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.49(t,J=7.7Hz,2H),6.47(d,J=6.3Hz,1H),6.13(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),5.36(dd,J=10.6,7.2Hz,1H),5.15(s,1H),4.93(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),4.88(d,J=6.9Hz,1H),4.80(d,J=9.3Hz,1H),4.39–4.28(m,2H),4.25(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),4.13(m,1H),4.01(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),3.84(d,J=7.3Hz,1H),3.75(s,3H),3.41(s,3H),2.62–2.47(m,4H),2.10–2.03(m,1H),1.99(d,J=1.1Hz,3H),1.83(s,3H),1.71(dd,J=11.2,4.6Hz,1H),1.44(dd,J=10.1,3.6Hz,2H),1.41(d,J=14.4Hz,9H),1.30(s,3H),1.29(s,3H),0.99(t,J=6.4Hz,6H).
13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ204.27,172.97,171.21,170.71,164.75,156.21,155.00,151.99,136.46,134.15,129.96,128.99,127.95,88.18,83.51,82.20,80.34,80.19,79.63,76.73,76.01,75.27,74.61,73.82,69.29,57.43,56.89,55.30,51.61,45.76,41.66,40.44,33.25,29.69,28.24,25.51,24.85,23.25,22.44,22.16,14.41,10.81.
实施例21 PCMI-21的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000078
1)(4S,5R)-3-叔丁基氧羰基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-苯基-5-噁唑烷羧酸的制备
具体方法参见实施例1中步骤1)的合成方法。
2)7-乙硫醚甲酰基-10-甲氧基-1,14-碳酸酯巴卡亭III的制备
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000079
以10-DAB(1当量)为起始原料,溶于DMF中,先后加入2.5当量的咪唑和2.5当量的 三乙基氯硅烷,经过后处理得到粗品化合物7。
将化合物7溶于二氯甲烷溶剂中,在0℃下,加入2当量的吡啶,接着向反应液中滴加2当量的对甲苯磺酰氯,反应4h后,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到化合物8,产率为90%。
化合物8(1当量)溶于无水四氢呋喃中,在氮气保护下,室温下,与甲基溴化镁(2当量)反应3h后,经过后处理,干燥得到粗品化合物9。
化合物9(1当量)溶于丙酮溶液中,室温下,加入10当量的二氧化锰,反应4h后,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到化合物10,产率为75%。
化合物10(1当量)干燥的THF中,在室温下,加入1.5当量的四丁基氟化铵四氢呋喃溶液,反应1h后,结束反应,经过后处理,经柱层析分离得到化合物45,产率为90%。
将化合物45(1当量)溶于干燥的THF溶剂中,在室温下,先与2当量的N,N’-羰基二咪唑反应2h后,然后向反应液中加入2当量的乙硫醇,反应4h后,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,产率为78%。
化合物54(1当量)溶于干燥THF/DMPU(4:1)溶液中,在-70℃下,加入1.2当量的叔丁醇钾,反应20min后,向反应液中缓慢滴加2当量的N-(磺酰基)氧杂吖丙啶,反应2h,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到化合物55,产率为75%。
化合物55(1当量)在干燥的四氢呋喃中,与2当量的N,N’-羰基二咪唑反应,生成化合物56,产率为95%。
化合物56(1当量)在干燥的四氢呋喃中,室温下,先加入0.2当量的(R)-2-甲基噁唑硼烷作为催化剂,然后向反应液中加入5当量的硼烷/四氢呋喃溶液,反应8h,结束反应,经过后处理,经柱层析纯化,得到最终的7-乙硫醚甲酰基-10-甲氧基-1,14-碳酸酯巴卡亭III化合物57,产率为80%。
Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-000080
3)PCMI-21的制备
具体方法参见实施例1中的步骤3)的合成方法。最终产物的纯度达到95%以上。
PCMI-21:mp:238~239℃;
MS(m/z)ESI:974.4(M+Na)+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.03(d,J=7.4Hz,2H),7.62(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.49(t,J=7.7Hz,2H),7.45–7.37(m,4H),7.37–7.30(m,1H),6.46(d,J=6.1Hz,1H),6.12(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),5.58(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),5.35(dd,J=10.6,7.2Hz,2H),5.14(s,1H),4.95–4.86(m,1H),4.80(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),4.71(s,1H),4.30(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),4.23(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),3.89–3.78(m,2H),3.75(s,3H),3.41(s,3H),2.56(ddd,J=14.6,9.5,7.3Hz,1H),2.46(s,3H),2.08–1.98(m,1H),1.95(d,J=1.1Hz,3H),1.83(s,3H),1.39(s,9H),1.29(s,3H),1.28(s,3H).
13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ204.25,172.06,171.24,170.73,164.70,155.73,155.00,151.92,136.31,135.79,134.19,129.95,128.98,128.94,128.10,127.93,126.63,88.09,83.49, 82.19,80.58,80.25,79.61,76.01,75.28,74.71,74.36,69.24,57.45,56.89,55.31,49.22,45.77,41.63,33.83,33.25,29.68,28.24,25.57,25.51,24.90,22.48,22.10,14.33,10.78.

Claims (12)

  1. 一种紫杉烷类化合物,所述化合物具有如下通式I的结构:
    Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-100001
    式中:
    R1为-COR6、-COOR6、-CONR7aR7b
    R2为C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烯基、取代烃基、杂环基、芳香基或取代芳香基;
    R3为-OR6、-OCOOR6、-OCOSR6、-OCONR7aR7b
    R4为-OR6、-OCOOR6、-OCOSR6、-OCONR7aR7b、H、OH;
    其中,R6为C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烯基、C1-C6炔基、取代烃基、芳香基或杂环基;R7a、R7b为氢、烃基、取代烃基或杂环基。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的紫杉烷类化合物,其中:
    R1选自苯甲酰基、叔丁基氧羰基、N,N’-二甲基甲酰基;
    R2选自苯基、
    Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-100002
    R3选自-OMe、-OCOOCH3、-OCON(CH3)2、-OCOSC2H5
    R4选自-OMe、-OCOOCH3、-OCON(CH3)2、-OCOSC2H5、H、OH。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的紫杉烷类化合物,所述化合物选自于具有如下结构的化合物:
    Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-100003
    Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-100004
    Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-100005
    Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-100006
    Figure PCTCN2014091911-appb-100007
  4. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的紫杉烷类化合物,其中,所述紫杉烷类化合物还包括这些化合物的所有异构体形式和异构体的混合物形式。
  5. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的紫杉烷类化合物,所述化合物形成了药学上可接受的非毒性药用盐。
  6. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的紫杉烷类化合物,所述化合物以溶剂化物的形式存在。
  7. 一种抗肿瘤药物组合物,所述组合物含有权利要求1-6中任一项所述的式(I)化合物、其药用盐或其溶剂化物作为活性成分。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的药物组合物,其中,所述的式(I)化合物、其药用盐或其溶剂化物在所述药物组合物中的重量比为0.01%~99.99%,其余为药学上可接受的载体。
  9. 如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的紫杉烷类化合物、其药用盐、或其溶剂化物以及如权利要求7或8所述的药物组合物在制备口服抗肿瘤药物中的用途。
  10. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的紫杉烷类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括以下步骤:
    步骤1:紫杉烷类母核部分的合成:以10-去乙酰基巴卡亭III为原料,首先对C7、C10位羟基进行选择性地取代基保护,然后将C13位羟基氧化为酮羰基,再利用N-(磺酰基)氧杂吖丙啶,高度立体选择性地在C14位引入β构型的羟基,在N,N’-羰基二咪唑的作用下形成1,14-碳 酸酯结构,最后通过CBS还原法,高度立体选择性地将C13位酮羰基还原为α构型的羟基,得到紫杉烷类母核部分;
    步骤2:五元环噁唑烷酸侧链前体的合成:采用乙醇酸先后经过苄基保护,Boc基保护生成Boc保护的乙醇酸苄酯;不同的取代醛分别与(SR)-叔丁基亚磺酰胺缩合,生成相应的烯胺化合物;Boc保护的乙醇酸苄酯和烯胺化合物在锂盐的作用下进行加成,再经酸水解,得到手性中间体,该中间体在对甲苯磺酸吡啶盐的催化作用下与1,1’-(二甲氧基甲基)对甲氧基苯发生羟醛缩合反应,生成的化合物中的氨基再经不同的取代基进行取代,最后经过催化氢化得到五元环噁唑烷酸侧链前体;
    步骤3:紫杉烷类衍生物的合成:将所述五元环噁唑烷酸侧链前体与所述紫杉烷类母核部分进行酯化对接,经过酸水解脱保护生成一系列的紫杉烷类衍生物。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的紫杉烷类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,
    步骤1中,所述对C7、C10位羟基进行取代基保护:
    ①当R3、R4为-OR6时,所涉及的反应为:首先在四氢呋喃或二氯甲烷作为溶剂,室温到0℃的条件下,吡啶作为碱的作用下,与对甲苯磺酰氯反应,生成对甲苯磺酰酯,再与格氏试剂反应,生成相应的醚-OR6
    ②当R3、R4为-OCOOR6、-OCONR7aR7b时,所涉及的反应为:在碱性条件下,以四氢呋喃作为溶剂,在室温至-70℃的温度下,与相应的酰氯进行反应;
    ③当R3、R4为-OCOSR6时,所涉及的反应为:四氢呋喃作为溶剂,室温下,与N,N’-羰基二咪唑进行反应,生成的产物再与硫醇进行取代反应;
    步骤1中,所述通过CBS还原法对C13位酮羰基进行立体选择性还原的具体步骤为:室温至-70℃的温度下,以无水四氢呋喃、干燥二氯甲烷或醇类作为溶剂,(R)-2-甲基噁唑硼烷作为催化剂,硼烷作为还原剂的条件下,将C13-oxo立体选择性的还原为C13α-OH;
    步骤2中,所述不同的取代醛包括:C1-C6烃醛、C1-C6取代烃基醛、芳香醛、取代芳香醛、芳杂醛;所述对得到的手性中间体上的氨基进行取代时所涉及的反应是在碱性条件下,以四氢呋喃、二氯甲烷或二氧六环作为溶剂,室温至-70℃的温度下,与相应的酰氯进行反应;所述的催化氢化反应是以钯碳或氢氧化钯为催化剂,常压或加压的条件下加入氢气,在醇、四氢呋喃或二氯甲烷溶剂中进行。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的紫杉烷类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于:
    步骤1中,所述对于C7、C10位羟基进行取代基保护:
    ①当R3、R4为-OR6时,以二氯甲烷作为溶剂,温度为0℃,所述格氏试剂包括R6MgBr;
    ②当R3、R4为-OCOOR6、-OCONR7aR7b时,碱性条件以六甲基二硅基氨基锂作为碱,温度-40℃,所述酰氯包括R6OCOCl、R7aR7bNCOCl;
    ③当R3、R4为-OCOSR6时,所述硫醇包括R6SH;
    步骤1中,所述通过CBS还原法对C13位酮羰基进行立体选择性还原的具体步骤中,在 室温的条件下,以无水四氢呋喃作为溶剂进行;
    步骤2中,对于中间体上的氨基进行取代时所涉及的反应,以六甲基二硅基氨基锂作为碱,四氢呋喃作为溶剂,温度-40℃,所述酰氯包括R6COCl、R6OCOCl、R7aR7bNCOCl;所述催化氢化反应,以氢氧化钯作为催化剂,20psi的条件下加入氢气,在醇溶液中进行。
PCT/CN2014/091911 2013-11-22 2014-11-21 紫杉烷类化合物、其制备方法和用途 WO2015074606A1 (zh)

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