WO2015067477A1

WO2015067477A1 - Body made of a brittle material and a metallic material, and method for producing an integral connection between a brittle material and a metallic material

Info

Publication number: WO2015067477A1
Application number: PCT/EP2014/072725
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hauke Esemann; Jörg WITTE; Matthias WÖLFINGER; Roland Dudek; Thomas Kraus; Viktor Wursthorn
Original assignee: Schott Ag
Priority date: 2013-11-05
Filing date: 2014-10-23
Publication date: 2015-05-14
Also published as: EP3066058A1; DE202014004182U1; JP3195485U; JP3195484U; DE202014004212U1; DE202014004209U1; DE202014004210U1; JP3195486U; JP3195487U; JP2017501106A; DE102013018465A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a body comprising at least one brittle material, in particular a glass ceramic, a glass, or a ceramic and comprising a metallic material, characterized in that the brittle material, together with the metallic material, forms a high-temperature resistant integral connection for temperatures of more than 250°C, in particular more than 300°C, preferably more than 400°C, in particular more than 500°C, and the connection of brittle material and metallic material comprises an intermediate layer between the brittle material and the metallic material, and the intermediate layer consists of a ductile material, preferably a ductile metal, in particular a ductile material, preferably a ductile metal, having an elongation at tear ≥1%, preferably ≥2%, in particular ≥4%, quite preferably ≥10%, in particular in the range 1% to 20%, especially in particular preferably in the range 2% to 15%.

Description

Body made of a brittle material and a metallic material and a method for producing a cohesive connection

The invention relates to a body comprising at least one brittle material, in particular a glass ceramic, a glass or a ceramic and a metallic material, and a method for producing a material connection of a brittle material and a metallic material. In order to combine brittle materials such as glass, glass ceramic, ceramic with metallic materials, various possibilities are described in the prior art, which always results in the problem that such compounds of the prior art not for the high temperature range a reliable cohesive connection available put.

Another problem is when such a compound of a brittle material and a metallic material are exposed to temperature changes with a temperature difference of more than 250 K. In such cases, the bodies tend to break at the junction.

To solve the problem of thermal shock resistance is the

Use of metallic materials in the desired

Scope of application in their expansion behavior the brittle

Material, in particular the glass, the glass ceramic or the ceramic are largely adapted, described in the prior art. Here, however, there is the problem that the expansion adjustment only for very specific

Material combinations and only over a narrow temperature range,

for example, of 250 ° C is possible. Another possibility discussed in the prior art consists in the integral connection by means of a bonding of metallic

Material and brittle material, the adhesive due to its elastic property of the different thermal expansions of the

balancing connecting materials. Examples of such adhesives in the prior art are, for example, silicone adhesives. A disadvantage of such a cohesive connection, however, is that the temperature resistance is usually limited to temperatures less than 250 ° C. There are also adhesives known that can withstand more than 300 ° C, but only for a limited time.

Another possibility of a cohesive connection is, with the help of intermediate glasses or glass solders resulting in the connection

Tensions between the brittle material and the metallic one

Lower material. However, the problem also arises for such a solution that the difference in the thermal expansion of the brittle material and metallic material can not be compensated for temperature changes of over 250 K.

Another possibility is not the desired connection between a brittle material and a metallic material

make cohesively, but constructively produce, for example by a clamp or screw. Here, however, there is a disadvantage in that the different thermal expansions in the components involved, in particular also the Verschraubungskomponenten, can not be sufficiently compensated that fracture-relevant stresses in the

brittle material can be safely avoided. Another disadvantage of a constructive bond of brittle material and metallic material are far-reaching restrictions on the possible geometric design of the compound.

From DE 10 2005 047 006 A1 has become known a glass or

Glass ceramic material by material connection with the aid of a solder material, in particular a glass-based solder material with a further component, for. B. to connect a metal. As solder materials are described in DE 10 2005 047 006 A1 inorganic glass-based solder matehals such as Pb-borate glasses or Bi-Zn-borate glasses are discussed.

The soldering process is carried out in DE 10 2005 047 006 A1 by combining the components to be joined by diffusion processes between the solder material and the components to be joined. The melting temperature of the used

Solder material is below that of the components to be joined,

preferably in the range of 200 ° C to 700 ° C. In an embodiment according to DE 10 2005 047 006 A1, stresses occur between the interconnected components, in particular with temperature changes with a ΔΤ of more than 250K.

From DE 10 2008 002 959 A1 is a method for sealing

Welding a first member of a first material with a second member of a second material by means of ultrasound using an intermediate element has become known. However, DE 10 2008 002 959 A1 does not describe a connection which is resistant to high temperatures, in particular none over a broad temperature range of ΔΤ through 250K

temperature change resistant connection. Rather, the compound according to DE 10 2008 002 959 A1 is a compound which is essentially designed for room temperature.

From CH 423 294 A a method for attaching a metal strip to a non-metallic, preferably optical element has become known. The use of an intermediate layer is not shown in CH 423 294 A, but rather the metal strip, for example the aluminum strip, is directly connected to the optical element by means of an ultrasonic welded connection.

EP 0 262 699 A1 describes a method for connecting a first and a second element, wherein the first element consists at least partly of glass or ceramic and the second element at least partially of metal and the connection of both elements between a glass or ceramic part of the first element and a metal part of the second element is produced. at the method according to EP 0 262 699 A1, an auxiliary metal element with the mentioned glass or ceramic part of the first element by means of a

Bonded solid. Subsequently, the metal part of the second

Element welded by means of a laser beam to the auxiliary element made of metal. The auxiliary element lies between the first and the second element. In the process according to EP 0 262 699 A1, only the preparation of compounds for use at low temperatures <250 ° C. is intended. In addition, EP 0 262 699 A1 shows no connection between metal and brittle material with a high thermal shock resistance. Furthermore, the compound according to EP 0 262 699 A1 is one which has a high dimensional stability and in which only slight stresses occur between the connection partners.

The US 4,896,816 shows a method for producing a connection between a metal element and a body of glass ceramic material, wherein a metal is used as a bonding material that by means of hot diffusion into the

Glass ceramic material penetrates. From US 4,896,816 is neither a high

Temperature resistance nor a thermal shock resistance over a wide temperature range has become known.

The object of the invention is therefore to solve the aforementioned problems and to provide a body or a material connection between a brittle material and another metallic material which is suitable for the high temperature range and a high

Thermal shock resistance provides.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in that a body consists of at least one brittle material, in particular a glass ceramic, a glass or a ceramic and a metallic material, and that

brittle material with the metallic material a high-temperature-resistant, cohesive connection for temperatures of more than 250 ° C, in particular more than 350 ° C, preferably more than 400 ° C, in particular more than 500 ° C, provides.

The invention provides that the connection of brittle material and metallic material comprises an intermediate layer between the brittle material and the metallic material, in particular an intermediate layer of a ductile material, preferably a ductile metal. The intermediate layer ensures that the connection between the brittle material and the metallic material is made. Furthermore, stresses between the brittle material and the metallic material can be at least partially degraded by the intermediate layer. Ductile materials, in particular ductile metals are characterized by a high ductility. You have the

Property that thermal stresses between the metallic material, and the brittle material can be compensated, in particular by flowing. Such ductile metals are, for example, aluminum, in particular pure aluminum or pure aluminum, gold or titanium. Preferred ductile materials, preferably ductile metals, in the present application are those having an elongation at break> 1%, preferably> 10%, in particular in the range 1% to 45%, more preferably in the range 1% to 20%, very preferably in the range 2% to 20%, most preferably in the range 2% to 15% understood. The ductility of pure aluminum shows itself in a very great softness of the material. Furthermore, the elongation at break or

Elongation at break for pure aluminum can be very high and up to 45%.

Particularly preferred materials having an elongation at break in the range according to the invention is, for example, the pure aluminum foil AI 99.5 - smooth, soft, bright rolled - ALUJET from ALUJET GmbH, Ahornstrasse 16, D82291 Mammendorf, which has a thickness in the range from 0.05 mm to 0 , 30 mm one

Elongation at break across> 4% and a longitudinal elongation at break> 4%, or an aluminum foil 7800 from 3M Deutschland GmbH, Carl-Schurz-Str. 1, which also has an elongation at break> 4% at a film thickness of 0.05 mm. In the compound according to the invention some of the stresses are elastically degraded by the intermediate layer, above 100 ° C by flowing, but it can remain residual stresses.

It is particularly preferred if the brittle material with the

metallic material, a high-temperature resistant, cohesive connection for temperatures> 400 ° C, preferably> 500 ° C, forms. Furthermore, it is preferred if a thermal shock resistance is given at temperature differences of ΔΤ more than 250 K.

In addition to the film, the intermediate layer can also be applied to the brittle material or the metallic material by one of the following methods:

- by electrodeposition,

by plating, in particular roll cladding,

by thermal spraying,

- by fire metallizing, in particular fire aluminizing

by vacuum evaporation or

- by magnetron sputtering.

In this case, it is preferred that the intermediate layer has the following layer thickness:

a layer thickness 10 to 70 μιτι, in particular 10 to 20 μιτι, for electrodeposited intermediate layers,

a layer thickness 20-200 μιτι, preferably 50-150 μιτι, in particular 80 to 120 μιτι, in by plating, in particular roll cladding applied intermediate layers,

- 50 - 400 μιτι, in particular 100 - 300 μιτι, by means of thermal

Spraying applied intermediate layers, - 20 - 100 μηη in intermediate layers applied by fire metallizing, in particular fire aluminizing,

- 1 - 20 μηη applied by vacuum evaporation

Intermediate layers or

- 1 - 20 μηη applied by magnetron sputtering

Interlayers.

One way to make the intermediate layer is the galvanic

Deposition, since aluminum from anhydrous electrolytes cathodic than

Metal coating can be deposited largely free of pores. In principle, galvanic deposition can take place on the metallic material, for example on steel or stainless steel. Typical layer thicknesses are in the range 10 to 20μηη, but in principle are also possible 70μηη. Galvanically deposited layers are dense, firmly adhering layers with a very high Al purity of, for example, 99.8%. Another advantage is the all-round coatability.

An alternative application process is plating or roll cladding. Such a method is possible for sheet metal semi-finished products, for example in the form of rolled-up strips. When plating or plating becomes an inseparable

Tool assembly made with a one-sided or two-sided aluminum support. In plating or roll cladding, an aluminum overlay is applied to steel, the composition comprising Al 99 wt% and <1 wt% Si. In the layers 100 μιτι thick aluminum pads are possible, typical thicknesses are in the range 50 to 70 μιτι. When plating are

Semi-finished sheet metal or bands with any metal supports possible, in particular ferritic or austenitic stainless steels can be produced. Another advantage is that sheets can be reshaped or stamped. Aluminum can furthermore be applied as a layer by means of thermal spraying

Surfaces are applied. Typical layer thicknesses are in the range 50 to 400 μιτι. Common methods for spraying aluminum are wire flame spraying or cold gas spraying.

By thermal spraying pure aluminum can be coated with 99.5%. After coating, the surfaces are slightly rough, taking in front of the

Coating in both methods, the surface to be coated is roughened or cleaned by sandblasting, in order to achieve a good layer adhesion, that is a jamming.

Cold gas spraying involves spraying AI powder with a very high kinetic energy onto a surface, whereby strong plastic deformation of the particles leads to the bond and to a very dense layer. However, the high kinetic energy can cause thin-walled components tend to excessive distortion.

In wire flame spraying, the wire is melted in the flame and melt droplets are thrown onto the surface, resulting in layers with a porosity of 5-10 vol.%.

The advantage of thermal spraying is that almost any metallic

Surfaces can be coated. Another advantage of the thermally sprayed layers is that they can have process-related pores. The amount of pores can be 2 to 15% by volume. Such in the

Aluminum layer remaining porosity is particularly advantageous in view of the thermal expansion. As a result, in particular thermal stresses can be reduced. Also, fire aluminizing is possible for applying aluminum layers. In the hot dip process, a sheet metal strip passes through a molten bath comparable to hot-dip galvanizing or tinplate production, whereby the aluminum is about 10% Silicon includes. To increase the corrosion protection can be provided to form a Fe-Al-Si intermediate layer followed by a pure Al layer. The total layer thickness of the system is variable and is typically 20 to 100 μιτι. Base materials are often low carbon steels for good

Forming. But also stainless steel would be possible.

The above-described techniques for applying the intermediate layer may serve both to coat the intermediate layer on the metallic material or the brittle-fracture material or both the metallic material and the like

Apply brittle material before connecting the metallic material to the brittle material.

A particularly preferred embodiment is that the brittle material is a low-expansion material in one

Temperature range from 20 ° C to 300 ° C is. Under low-expansion brittle materials in this application, a material, in particular a glass ceramic or a glass with a thermal

A linear expansion coefficient _sp röd (20 ° C - 300 ° C) <4 ^■ 10 ^"-6 / K, in particular ^{<2-10" 6} / K, preferably in the range - 1 .0 ^■ 10 ^"6 / K <a ^ _spr öd 4 ^■ 10 ^"6 / K, particularly preferably - 0.6 - 10 ^{" 6} / K < _br / 2 - 10 ^"6 / K understood.

Exemplary materials which have a coefficient of thermal expansion in this range are, for example, Li-Al-Si glass ceramics such as, for example, the glass ceramics ROBAX®, CERAN® and NEXTREMA® from Schott AG, Mainz, which have a coefficient of thermal expansion in the temperature range of 20 ° C to 300 ° C in the range of -0.3 to 1, 0 ^■ 10 ^"6 / K have.

As a glass material, for example, a borosilicate glass can be used, for. Borofloat 33®. The glass material Borofloat33® has a thermal

Coefficient of _linear expansion a sprdd (20 ° C - 300 ° C) of 3.3 10 ^"6 / K. As the metallic material is a metallic material is preferred with a coefficient of thermal expansion aMetaii in the temperature range 20 ° C to 300 ° C, for which: a _M etaii ^ 20 ^■ 10 ^"-6 / K, in particular in the range 4.0 ^■ ^{10" 6} / K < aMetaii ^ 6 ^■ 10 ^"6 / K KOVAR is an especially preferred metallic material, but molybdenum, steel, tungsten or stainless steel are also possible KOVAR is an iron-cobalt-nickel alloy.

In area a _sp röd - 20 ^■ 10 ^"6 / K <- is particularly preferred when the metallic material is selected depending on the brittle material in such a manner that the metallic material has a thermal expansion coefficient aMetaii (300 ° C 20 ° C) a _M etaii ^ a _sp röd ⁺ 20 ^■ 10 ^"-6 / K, preferably a _sp röd - 10 ^■ ^{10" 6} / K <aMetaii ^ a _spr öd + 10 ^■ 10 ^"-6 / K, in particular a _spr öd - 5 ^■ 10 ^"6 / K <a _M etaii ^ a _spr öd + 5 ^■ ^10" has ⁶ / K. The connection of brittle material and metallic material is preferably carried out by means of welding, in particular ultrasonic welding. The ultrasonic welding takes place in the usual frequency range of 15 to 50 kHz, preferably at 20 kHz. With regard to the ultrasonic welding method, reference is made to DE 199 17 133 A1, in which the welding of a workpiece made of glass, glass ceramic and / or ceramic, ie a brittle, inorganic, poorly heat-conducting material with a small distance order and a workpiece made of different materials, for example a metal, is described. The disclosure of DE 199 17 133 A1 is fully included in the present application.

The welding, in particular with ultrasonic welding apparatuses, between the brittle material and the metallic material takes place between a first connection surface on the brittle material and a second connection surface on the metallic material. Between first and second

Connecting surface is introduced the intermediate layer. Welding can be flat or even partial surface, with a partial surface welding depending on the geometry of a spot weld, a seam welding or

Torsionsschweißung can be. A body or composite comprising the brittle material and the metallic material according to the invention, despite the different thermal expansions of the two joining partners, here the brittle material and the metallic material, surprisingly durable

temperature-resistant compound above 250 ° C, especially above 300 ° C. Particularly preferably, the permanent temperature resistance up to temperatures of 400 ° C, particularly preferably up to 500 ° C, achieved. Even temperature changes of over 250 K, the compound thus prepared withstand, even if the brittle material has a low or zero expansion. The thermal shock resistance is over a wide

Temperature range of more than 250K, preferably ΔΤ between 250K and 1300K, preferably ΔΤ given between 250K and 900K, in particular ΔΤ between 250K and 500K. This means, for example, that the compound is insensitive to temperature changes between, for example, -273 ° C and 1000 ° C, preferably 0 ° C and 500 ° C.

In particular, with the invention, a compound of a practical

zero-expanding brittle material, such as a LAS glass ceramic with a stainless steel metallic material with a = 17 ^■ 10 ^"6 / K are realized, which is stable over a wide temperature range of ΔΤ = 500Κ and a high thermal shock resistance in a temperature range of ΔΤ = 500Κ that is, the compound can be heated from 0 ° C. to 500 ° C., for example, without being dissolved, and then cooled again, for example to 0 ° C. This is surprising for a person skilled in the art, since the thermal expansion coefficient of LAS glass ceramic differs greatly from the thermal expansion coefficient of stainless steel. According to the invention is between the brittle material and the

metallic material introduced an intermediate layer. The intermediate layer preferably consists of a ductile material, in particular a ductile metal, preferably of aluminum, in particular high-purity aluminum, or else gold or titanium or a gold or titanium alloy. The thickness of such an intermediate layer is preferably <500 μm, in particular <20 μm is preferably in the range from 20 to 200 μm, preferably 50 μm to 150 μm, particularly preferably in the range from 80 μm to 120 μm. It is particularly preferred if the metallic material is a metal element that has a homogeneous thickness distribution in the region of the welding surface with thickness fluctuations of not more than 30 μm, preferably not more than 10 μm, in particular not more than 3 μm. Such thickness distributions can be achieved, for example, when using metal elements that consist of a

commercially available rolled metal sheet can be obtained by forming.

The intermediate layer preferably has thickness fluctuations of not more than 20 μm, preferably not more than 5 μm, in particular not more than 1 μm.

In addition to the intermediate layer, provision may be made for pretreating the first and / or second connecting surface, which is connected by means of ultrasonic welding as a joining method. This is particularly advantageous for the brittle material. In question for this purpose, for example, thermal or chemical tempering or a festigungs keitssteigernde coating.

Surprisingly, it has also been found that by local and / or full-surface etching or polishing of the bonding surface of the brittle material a

Improvement of temperature and / or thermal shock resistance can be achieved.

The connection of brittle material and metallic material by means of

Ultrasonic welding can be done very fast. Such a

Connection by point and / or torsion welding in short times. Times of less than 10 seconds, preferably less than 5 seconds, in particular even less than 1 second, are possible.

In addition to the body or the composite of a brittle material and a metallic material, the invention also includes a method for

Production of a material-locking connection of a brittle material and a metallic material, wherein the following steps are carried out in the inventive method: First, a brittle, preferably substantially low-stretching material, preferably a glass, a glass ceramic or a ceramic having a thermal expansion coefficient a _sp röd ( 20 ° C - 300 ° C) <4 ^■ 10 ^"-6 / K, in particular a _spr öd (20 ° C - 300 ° C) <2 ^■ ^{10" -6} / K, preferably in the range - 1 ^■ 10 ^"6 / K , ^ a _sp röd ^ 4 ^■ 10 ^"-6 / K, in particular in the range - 0.6 ^■ ^{10" 6} / K <a _spr öd ^ 2 ^■ 10 ^"-6 / K, such as a Li-Al-Si glass-ceramic, provided with a first connection surface.

Furthermore, a metallic material with a thermal

Linear expansion coefficient α in the temperature range 20 ° C to 300 ° C, for which applies a _M etaii (20 ° C - 300 ° C) <20 ^■ 10 ^"6 / K, especially in the range 4 ^■ 10 ^{" 6} / K <aMetaii ^ 6 ^■ 10 ^"6 / K, for example, KOVAR, provided with a second interface.

Then the brittle material with the metallic material

cohesively in the region of the first and the second bonding surface via an intermediate layer which is introduced between the first and second bonding surface, wherein the intermediate layer is preferably made of a ductile metal,

in particular aluminum, preferably pure aluminum or a

Aluminum alloy or gold or titanium, preferably with a thickness <500μηη, preferably <200μηη, in particular in the range between 20 μιτι and 200 μιτι, connected to each other. This will be a high temperature resistant connection for temperatures of more than 250 ° C, preferably more than 300 ° C and / or a thermal shock resistance of more than 250 K, provided.

The brittle material is mixed with the metallic material

Joining method, in particular welding, in particular ultrasonic welding, preferably in the form of spot welding, seam welding or

Torsion welding connected.

Particularly high temperature resistant compounds, in particular with regard to thermal shock resistance, are achieved when, in particular, the first bonding surface of the brittle material is pretreated. Here is possible a thermal or chemical toughening, a festig keitssteigernde coating, smoothing, nubs, structuring, partial or full area etching, polishing and / or ion exchange.

The invention will be described below with reference to the figures. 1 shows a first embodiment of a body according to the invention made of a brittle material and a metallic material.

Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of a body according to the invention of a brittle material and a metallic material, wherein the metallic material is a metallic element in the form of an angled stainless steel sheet.

In Fig. 1, an inventive body 100 is shown, consisting of a brittle material 1 and a metallic material 3. The brittle material 1, for example, without limitation, a substantially zero-expansion material such as a Li-Al-Si glass-ceramic, in particular ROBAX ® from Schott AG, Mainz. Such, in the Substantially nullausdehnendes material has an average coefficient of thermal expansion a _spr öd (20 ° C - 300 ° C) <0.15 ^■ 10 ^"6 / K.

The metallic material 3 is essentially a metallic material with a coefficient of thermal expansion aMetaii (20 ° C.-300 ° C.) <6 -10 ^"6 / K in the temperature range from 20 ° C. to 300 ° C.

A particularly preferred metallic material is KOVAR. Further shown is the first bonding surface 10 of the brittle material and the second bonding surface 12 of the metallic material. In the region of the first and second connecting surfaces 10, 12, the metallic material 3 is bonded to the brittle material 1 in a material-locking manner, for example by a welding method as a joining method.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the cohesive connection between the first connection surface 10 and the second takes place

Connecting surface 12 via an intermediate layer 20 of a ductile metal with an elongation at break greater than 1%. A ductile metal is in particular aluminum, pure aluminum, high-purity aluminum or gold or titanium, preferably as a film.

The cohesive connection is preferably carried out by welding,

in particular ultrasonic welding in a relatively short time in preferably less than 10 sec., In particular less than 5 sec, in particular even less than 1 sec, without being limited thereto.

A particularly temperature-resistant compound, especially with high

Thermal shock resistance of more than 250 K is achieved when the first bonding surface 10 of the brittle material 1 is treated. Here is conceivable thermal or chemical tempering and / or a strength-increasing coating, a local or full-area etching or polishing.

FIG. 2 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a body according to the invention made of a brittle material and a metallic material. In the embodiment in Fig. 2, the metallic element is a preferably angled stainless steel sheet. The same components as in FIG. 2 are higher by 100

Reference numbers occupied. . The sprödbrüchige material 101 in Figure 2 is, for example, the glass-ceramic Robax ^® having an average coefficient of thermal expansion 020-300 of -. 0.3-10 ^"6 / K The intended for connection with a metallic material 103 in the form of a shaped body 200 connecting surface is, preferably formed in a rolling process planar connecting surface 1 12 having a substantially homogeneous thickness distribution with thickness variations of not more than 30μηη, preferably not more than 10μηη, in particular not more than 3μηη.

As the intermediate layer 120 of ductile material is a film, for example made of aluminum with a thickness of, for example, 0.1 mm used.

As an alternative to applying a film, the intermediate layer can be applied to the

metallic material in the form of a shaped body by galvanic cutting, plating, in particular roll cladding, thermal spraying, fire aluminizing, vacuum evaporation or magnetron sputtering, as described above, can be applied. The metallic material is in the form of a shaped body

for example, from a 0.5 mm thick, double-angled stainless steel sheet, for example, with a mean thermal expansion coefficient 020-300 of 17-10 ^"6 / K.

The thickness variations of the intermediate layer are not more than 20μηη, preferably not more than 5μηη, in particular not more than 1 μιτι. The connection of the molded body 200 with the brittle material 101 takes place in the region 210 of at least one leg 212 of the angled

Stainless steel sheets by means of the intermediate layer.

Below is to be described with reference to embodiments, the bonding of a brittle material 1 with a metallic material involving an intermediate layer.

1 . embodiment

In a first embodiment, the sprödbrüchige material from the glass ceramic Robax ^® consists with a mean thermal expansion coefficient of 0. 20- 300 of -0,3-10 ^"6 / K The intended for connection to a metallic molded body surface is a rolling process in a shaped plane

Surface. The intermediate layer of ductile material is an aluminum foil EN-AW-1050A with a thickness of 0.1 mm. The metallic molded body consists of a 0.5 mm thick and in diameter 22 mm measuring flat base plate of the material Kovar with a mean thermal expansion coefficient 0: 20-300 of 5.5- 10 ^"6 / K. On the base plate centric and vertical attached to it is a firmly connected to the base plate threaded bolt with a height of 12 mm and a diameter of 8 mm for further mounting options according to the other

Application of the component according to the invention.

In a torsional ultrasonic welding process, the glass ceramic Robax, the intermediate layer of aluminum and the Kovar base plate are welded together with the help of a sonotrode in the form of a hollow cylinder with frontal rauting, the front side of the sonotrode resting on the Kovar base plate and a torsional vibration performs. The sonotrode amplitude is 25 μιτι, the sonotrode frequency 20 kHz, the welding pressure 2.0 bar and the welding power 800 Ws. The composite body thus produced has a surface connection between the

Robax glass ceramic and the intermediate layer of aluminum, on the other hand, and at the same time a connection between the intermediate layer of aluminum and the Kovar base plate. The contact surface produced in the welding process is about 1, 5 cm ² . A subsequent thermal stress by 100

Temperature changes between room temperature 25 ° C and maximum temperature 350 ° C, the composite body without visible damage. A Verification of the resistance of the connection by a mechanical

Load test revealed a shear strength of at least 700 N.

2nd embodiment

In a second exemplary embodiment, the brittle material consists of the glass ceramic ^Ceran® with a mean thermal expansion coefficient 0: 20-300 of -0.2-10 ^"6 / K. The surface intended for connection to a metallic molded body is one in a rolling process Shaped surface with the known from the application as a cooking surface knob structure

Intermediate layer of ductile material is an aluminum foil EN-AW-1050A with a thickness of 0.1 mm is used. The metallic molded body consists of a 0.5 mm thick and in diameter 22 mm measuring flat base plate made of the material Kovar with a medium thermal

Coefficient of expansion 0: 20-300 from 5.5 to 10 ^"6 / K Centrally and vertically mounted on the base plate, there is a threaded bolt with a height of 12 mm and a diameter of 8 mm, firmly connected to the base plate, for further mounting options according to the further application of the component according to the invention.

In a torsional ultrasonic welding process, the glass-ceramic Ceran, the intermediate layer of aluminum and the Kovar base plate are welded together using a sonotrode in the form of a hollow cylinder with frontal Rautierung, the front of the sonotrode touches the Kovar base plate and a torsional vibration performs. The sonotrode amplitude is 25 μιτι, the sonotrode frequency 20 kHz, the welding pressure 1, 5 bar and the welding power 500 Ws.

The composite body thus produced has a connection between the in

Contact area located pot tops of ceramic glass ceramic and the

Intermediate layer of aluminum, on the other hand, and at the same time a connection between the intermediate layer of aluminum and the Kovar base plate. A subsequent thermal stress caused by 100 temperature changes between room temperature 25 ° C and maximum temperature 350 ° C, the composite body without visible damage. A check of the durability of the compound by a mechanical stress test revealed

Shear strength of at least 700 N.

3rd embodiment

In a third embodiment, the sprödbrüchige material from the glass ceramic Robax ^® consists with a mean thermal expansion coefficient of 0. 20- 300 of -0,3-10 ^"6 / K The intended for connection to a metallic molded body surface is a rolling process in a shaped plane

Surface with subsequent polishing in the area of the later contact surface. The intermediate layer of ductile material is an EN-AW-1050A aluminum foil with a thickness of 0.1 mm. The metallic molded body consists of a 0.5 mm thick and in diameter 22 mm measuring flat base plate made of the material Kovar with a medium thermal

In a torsional ultrasonic welding process, the glass ceramic Robax, the intermediate layer of aluminum and the Kovar base plate are welded together with the help of a sonotrode in the form of a hollow cylinder with frontal rauting, the front side of the sonotrode resting on the Kovar base plate and a torsional vibration performs. The sonotrode amplitude is 25 μιτι, the sonotrode frequency 20 kHz, the welding pressure 2.0 bar and the welding power 750 Ws. The composite body thus produced has a surface connection between the Robax glass ceramic and the intermediate layer of aluminum, on the other hand, and at the same time a connection between the intermediate layer of aluminum and the Kovar base plate. The contact surface produced in the welding process is about 1, 5 cm ² . A subsequent thermal stress by 100

Temperature change between room temperature 25 ° C and maximum temperature 400 ° C, the composite body without visible damage survives. A

Verification of the resistance of the connection by a mechanical

Load test gave a shear strength of 3800 N.

4th embodiment

In a fourth embodiment, the sprödbrüchige material from the glass Borofloat 33 ^® is a mean thermal expansion coefficient of 0. 20-300 3,3-10 ^"6 / K The intended for connection to a metallic molded body surface is in a float process The surface of the ductile material is made of EN-AW-1050A aluminum foil 0.1 mm thick, consisting of a 0.5 mm thick and 22 mm in diameter flat base plate the material Kovar with an average coefficient of thermal expansion 0120-300 from 5.5 to 10 ^"6 / K. On the base plate centric and placed perpendicular to it is a firmly connected to the base plate threaded bolt with a height of 12 mm and a diameter of 8 mm for further mounting options according to the other

Application of the component according to the invention.

In a torsional ultrasonic welding process, the glass Borofloat 33, the intermediate layer of aluminum and the Kovar base plate are welded together using a sonotrode in the form of a hollow cylinder with frontal Rautierung, the front side of the sonotrode touches the Kovar base plate and a torsional Vibration takes place. The sonotrode amplitude is 25 μητι, the sonotrode frequency 20 kHz, the welding pressure 2.0 bar and the welding energy 700 Ws.

The composite body thus produced has a surface connection between the Borofloat 33 glass and the intermediate layer of aluminum, on the other hand, and at the same time a connection between the intermediate layer of aluminum and the Kovar base plate. The contact area produced in the welding process is approximately 1.5 cm ² . A subsequent thermal stress by 100

Temperature changes between room temperature 25 ° C and maximum temperature 300 ° C, the composite body without visible damage. A

Verification of the resistance of the connection by a mechanical

Load test revealed a shear strength of at least 500 N.

5th embodiment

In a fifth embodiment, the sprödbrüchige material from the glass ceramic Robax ^® consists with a mean thermal expansion coefficient of 0. 20- 300 of -0,3-10 ^"6 / K The intended for connection to a metallic molded body surface is a rolling process in a shaped plane

Surface. The intermediate layer of ductile material is an aluminum foil EN-AW-1050A with a thickness of 0.1 mm. The metallic molded body consists of a 0.5 mm thick, double-angled stainless steel sheet of the material stainless steel 1 .4301 with a middle

Coefficient of thermal expansion 0: 20-300 from 17-10 ^"6 / K.

In a torsional ultrasonic welding process, the glass ceramic Robax, the intermediate layer of aluminum and the angled stainless steel sheet are welded together with the aid of a sonotrode in the form of a cylinder with an end rauting, whereby the end face of the sonotrode is welded onto a leg of the

Stainless steel sheet touches down and performs a torsional vibration. The

Sonotrodeamplitude is 100%, the Sonotrodenfrequenz 20 kHz, the

Welding pressure 1, 0 bar and the welding power 200 Ws. The composite body thus produced has a surface connection between the Robax glass ceramic and the intermediate layer of aluminum, on the other hand, and at the same time a connection between the intermediate layer of aluminum and the stainless steel sheet. The contact surface produced in the welding process is about 0.5 cm ² . A subsequent thermal stress by 100

Temperature changes between room temperature 25 ° C and maximum temperature 500 ° C, the composite body without visible damage. The resistance of the compound after completion of the temperature changes is checked by a mechanical load test. The mechanical load test consists of a blow with the impact tester according to Wegner, as described in DIN 51 155. The impact tester according to Wegner is positioned vertically against the welding area of the stainless steel sheet welded to the Robax disk and the impact is triggered in accordance with DIN 51 155. The welded joint survives this mechanical stress test with a impact energy of at least 0.25 J.

Claims

claims

1 . A body (100) comprising at least one brittle material (1),

in particular a glass ceramic, a glass or a ceramic and a metallic material (3),

characterized in that

the brittle material (1) with the metallic material (3) forms a high-temperature-resistant, integral connection for temperatures of more than 250 ° C, in particular more than 300 ° C, preferably more than 400 ° C, in particular more than 500 ° C, and the compound of brittle material (1) and metallic material (3) a

Intermediate layer (20) between the brittle material (3) and the metallic material (1) and the intermediate layer (20) of a ductile material, preferably a ductile metal, in particular a ductile material, preferably a ductile metal having an elongation at break

> 1%, preferably> 2%, in particular> 4%, very preferably> 10%, in particular in the range 1% to 45%, particularly preferably in the range 1% to 20%, very preferably in the range 2% to 20%, completely particularly preferably in the range 2% to 15%.

2. body (100) according to claim 1,

characterized in that

the intermediate layer (20) is a film with a layer thickness <500 μm, preferably <200 μm, in particular in the range 20 μm to 200 μm, preferably 50 μm to 150 μm, in particular preferably 80 μm to 120 μm.

3. body (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the

Intermediate layer (20) is applied to the brittle material (1) and / or the metallic material (3) according to one of the following methods:

- by electrodeposition by plating, in particular roll cladding

- by thermal spraying

- by fire metallizing, in particular fire aluminizing

- by vacuum evaporation

- by magnetron sputtering

4. Body according to claim 3, characterized in that the

Interlayer has the following layer thickness:

- A layer thickness 10 - 70μηη, in particular 10 - 20μηη for electrodeposited intermediate layers

- A layer thickness 20-200μηη, preferably 50-150μηη, in particular 80 to 120μηη by plating, in particular roll cladding

applied intermediate layers

- 50 - 400μηη, in particular 100 - 300 μιτι in by means of thermal

Spraying applied intermediate layers

- 20 - ΟΟ ΟΟμιτι applied by fire aluminizing

interlayers

- 1 - 20μηη applied by vacuum evaporation interlayer

- 1 - 20μηη applied by magnetron sputtering

interlayers

5. body (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 4,

characterized in that

The ductile metal is aluminum or pure aluminum or pure aluminum or gold or titanium.

6. body (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 5,

characterized in that

the brittle material (1) is a low - expansion material in the

Temperature range 20 ° C to 300 ° C, preferably with a thermal coefficient of _linear expansion a _spr dr (20 ^o C - 300 ° C) <4 ^■ 10 ^"6 / K, in particular <2 ^■ 10 ^"-6 / K, preferably in the range -1, 0 ^■ ^{10" 6} / K <α <4 ^■ 10 ^{^"6} / K, particularly preferably -0.6 ^■ ^{10" 6} / K <a _sprö d <2 ^■ 10 ^"6 / K.

Body according to claim 6,

characterized in that

the brittle material (1) is a glass ceramic, in particular a Li-Al-Si glass ceramic or a glass, in particular a borosilicate glass.

8. Body according to at least one of claims 1 to 7,

characterized in that

the metallic material (3) has a thermal

Linear expansion coefficient of a _M etaii (20 ° C - 300 ° C) <20 ^■ 10 ^"-6 / K, in particular in the range 4 ^■ ^{10" 6} / K <a _M etaii (20 ° C - 300 ° C) <6 ^■ 10 ^" Includes ⁶ / K.

Body according to one of claims 1 to 8,

characterized in that

the metallic material (3) is selected such that the thermal expansion coefficient aMetaii (20 ° C to 300 ° C) in the range

a _sp rd - 20 - 10 ^"6 / K <aMetaii ^ cispröd + 20 ^■ 10 ^{" 6} / K, preferably a _{br e} d - 10 - 10 ^" ⁶ / K <aMeti ca ^ _br d + 10 ^■ 10 ^{" 6} / K , in particular a _sprö d - ^{"+ 6} / K <a _M ^ a etaii _sp röd 5 ^■ ^10" 10 ⁶ / K -. 5

10. Body according to one of claims 1 to 9,

characterized in that

the metallic material (3) is tungsten or molybdenum or KOVAR or steel or stainless steel, in particular austenitic stainless steel or ferritic stainless steel.

Body according to one of claims 1 to 10,

characterized in that the brittle material (1) has a surface (10) in a region of the cohesive connection, wherein the surface

is pretreated, in particular thermally or chemically prestressed and / or strength keitssteigernd coated and / or etched locally or over the entire surface and / or polished.

Body according to one of claims 1 to 1 1, characterized in that the metallic material (3) in the region of the intermediate layer, a substantially homogeneous thickness distribution preferably with a

Thickness variation of not more than 30μηη, preferably not more than Ο Ομιτι, in particular not more than 3μηη.

Body according to one of claims 1 to 12,

characterized in that

the intermediate layer has a largely homogeneous thickness distribution, preferably with a thickness variation of not more than 20 μm, preferably not more than 5 μm, in particular not more than 1 μm.

Body according to one of claims 1 to 13,

characterized in that

the high temperature resistant, cohesive connection a

Thermal shock resistance over a wide temperature range ΔΤ, preferably ΔΤ of more than 250K, in particular ΔΤ between 250K and 1300K, in particular ΔΤ between 250K and 900K, in particular ΔΤ between 250K and 500K has.

Body according to one of claims 1 to 14,

characterized in that

the metallic material is a metallic element, in particular a shaped body (200), preferably a rolled shaped body, preferably produced by deformation. Process for producing a material bond of a brittle material and a metallic material, comprising the following steps:

it becomes a brittle low-expansion material with a coefficient of thermal expansion a _sp röd in

Temperature range 20 ° C to 300 ° C of a _spr ved (20 ^o C - 300 ° C) <4 ^■ 10 ^" ⁶ / K, in particular a _sp röd ^ 2 - 10 ^{" 6} / K, preferably in the range-1, 0 ^■ 10 ^{^"6} / K <a _sprö d ^ ^■ 4 ^{10" -6} / K, preferably - 0.6 ^■ 10 ^"6 / K a _sprö d ^ 2 ^■ ^{10" 6} / K, with a first connecting surface (10) for Provided;

it becomes a metallic material with a thermal

Linear expansion coefficient α in the temperature range 20 ° C to 300 ° C with aMetaii (20 ° C - 300 ° C) <20 ^■ 10 ^"6 / K, especially in the range 4 ^■ 10 ^{" 6} / K <aMetaii ^ 6 ^■ 10 ^"6 / K, with a second

Connection surface (12) provided, in particular KOVAR;

it is an intermediate layer (20) of a ductile material, in particular metal with an elongation at break> 1%, preferably> 2%, in particular> 4%, more preferably> 10%, in particular in

Range 1% to 20%, most preferably in the range 2% to 15%, preferably with a layer thickness <500μηη, preferably <200 μιτι, in particular between 50 μιτι and 200 μιτι between the first connection surface (10) and the second connection surface (12 ) brought in;

the brittle material (1) is materially connected to the metallic material (3) via the intermediate layer (20) such that a high-temperature resistant compound for temperatures of more than 250 ° C, especially more than 300 ° C, preferably more than 400 ° C. , in particular more than 500 ° C, is provided.

17. A method for producing a cohesive connection of a brittle material and a metallic material with the following steps:

It is a brittle low-expansion material with a thermal expansion coefficient a _sp röd in the temperature range 20 ° C to 300 ° C of a _spr öd (20 ^o C - 300 ° C) <4 ^■ 10 ^" ⁶ / K, in particular a _sp röd ^ - 10 ^"6 / K, preferably in the range - 1, 0 ^■ 10 ^" ⁶ / K _{<br> d0} <4 ^> 10 ^"6 / K, preferably - 0.6 ^■ 10 ^{" 6} / K a _{br e} d ^ 2 ^■ 10 ^"6 / K, provided with a first connection surface (10);

It is a metallic material having a thermal expansion coefficient α in the temperature range 20 ° C to 300 ° C with aMetaii (20 ° C - 300 ° C) <20 ^■ 10 ^"6 / K, especially in the range 4 ^■ 10 ^{" 6} / K < aMetaii ^ 6 ^■ 10 ^"6 / K, provided with a second connection surface (12), in particular KOVAR;

it is an intermediate layer (20) in particular of a ductile material, preferably a ductile metal, preferably with an elongation at break> 1%, preferably> 2%, in particular> 4%, more preferably> 10%, in particular in the range 1% to 20% , very particularly preferably in the range 2% to 15%, preferably with a layer thickness, in particular with a layer thickness <500μηη, preferably <200 μιτι, in particular between 50 μιτι and 200 μιτι with the first connection surface (10) and / or the second connection surface ( 12) connected, in particular materially connected

the brittle material (1) is after application of the intermediate layer (20) on the first and / or second

Connecting surface via the intermediate layer (20) with the metallic material (3) connected such that a

high temperature resistant compound for temperatures greater than 250 ° C, in particular more than 300 ° C, preferably more than 400 ° C, in particular more than 500 ° C, is provided.

18. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 17,

characterized in that

the brittle material (1) is connected to the metallic material (3) by welding, in particular ultrasonic welding, preferably in the form of spot welding, seam welding or torsion welding.

19. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 18,

characterized in that

pretreated the first connection surface, in particular thermally or chemically prestressed and / or keitssteigernd coated and / or etched locally or over the entire surface and / or polished.