WO2015056670A1 - 電子写真機器用半導電性部品 - Google Patents
電子写真機器用半導電性部品 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015056670A1 WO2015056670A1 PCT/JP2014/077324 JP2014077324W WO2015056670A1 WO 2015056670 A1 WO2015056670 A1 WO 2015056670A1 JP 2014077324 W JP2014077324 W JP 2014077324W WO 2015056670 A1 WO2015056670 A1 WO 2015056670A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
- H10K85/151—Copolymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/02—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/02—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for laying down a uniform charge, e.g. for sensitising; Corona discharge devices
- G03G15/0208—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for laying down a uniform charge, e.g. for sensitising; Corona discharge devices by contact, friction or induction, e.g. liquid charging apparatus
- G03G15/0216—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for laying down a uniform charge, e.g. for sensitising; Corona discharge devices by contact, friction or induction, e.g. liquid charging apparatus by bringing a charging member into contact with the member to be charged, e.g. roller, brush chargers
- G03G15/0233—Structure, details of the charging member, e.g. chemical composition, surface properties
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/06—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing
- G03G15/08—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer
- G03G15/0806—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer on a donor element, e.g. belt, roller
- G03G15/0818—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer on a donor element, e.g. belt, roller characterised by the structure of the donor member, e.g. surface properties
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/307—Other macromolecular compounds
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/14—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for transferring a pattern to a second base
- G03G15/16—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for transferring a pattern to a second base of a toner pattern, e.g. a powder pattern, e.g. magnetic transfer
- G03G15/1665—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for transferring a pattern to a second base of a toner pattern, e.g. a powder pattern, e.g. magnetic transfer by introducing the second base in the nip formed by the recording member and at least one transfer member, e.g. in combination with bias or heat
- G03G15/167—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for transferring a pattern to a second base of a toner pattern, e.g. a powder pattern, e.g. magnetic transfer by introducing the second base in the nip formed by the recording member and at least one transfer member, e.g. in combination with bias or heat at least one of the recording member or the transfer member being rotatable during the transfer
- G03G15/1685—Structure, details of the transfer member, e.g. chemical composition
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a semiconductive part for electrophotographic equipment.
- the semiconductive part for an electrophotographic apparatus of the present invention is useful as a semiconductive roll or belt for charging, developing, transferring and the like of an electrophotographic process in a copying machine, a printer or the like.
- the electrical property of the charging roll, transfer roll, and developing roll needs to be semiconductive, and since it is in contact with the photoconductor, it is difficult to damage the photoconductor, and the contamination to the photoconductor is required to be small. Many members using a rubber material as a material are used.
- Epichlorohydrin polymer which is a semiconductive rubber, is widely used as a material for charging rolls because of its conductive properties.
- a method for crosslinking the epichlorohydrin polymer there is generally a method in which a crosslinking agent and a crosslinking accelerator are added and heated.
- a crosslinking agent and a crosslinking accelerator are added and heated.
- the residue of the crosslinking agent added by heat at the time of crosslinking becomes a factor that contaminates the photoreceptor (see Patent Document 1).
- the present invention has been made against the background of the above circumstances, and is an electrophotographic apparatus used for a semiconductive roll and a semiconductive belt for charging, developing, transferring and the like of an electrophotographic process used in a copying machine, a printer, and the like. It is an object of the present invention to provide a semiconductive part for an electrophotographic apparatus, which is a semiconductive part for an electrophotographic apparatus in which contamination to a photoreceptor or the like is remarkably reduced.
- the inventors have (a) 9.9 to 39.9 mol% as a structural unit derived from epihalohydrin, (b) 60 to 90 mol% as a structural unit derived from alkylene oxide, (c) a (meth) acryloyl group, Or a structural unit derived from a cyclic ether monomer containing a (meth) acryloyl group or an alkoxysilyl group of a copolymer having 0.1 to 10 mol% as a structural unit derived from a cyclic ether monomer containing an alkoxysilyl group.
- Item 1 (a) 9.9 to 39.9 mol% as a structural unit derived from epihalohydrin, (b) 60 to 90 mol% as a structural unit derived from alkylene oxide, (c) (meth) acryloyl group, or alkoxysilyl group Utilizing the reactivity of a structural unit derived from a cyclic ether monomer containing a (meth) acryloyl group or an alkoxysilyl group of a copolymer having 0.1 to 10 mol% as a structural unit derived from a cyclic ether monomer containing A semiconductive part for an electrophotographic apparatus containing a crosslinked product obtained by crosslinking.
- Item 2 (c) A structural unit derived from a cyclic ether monomer containing a (meth) acryloyl group or an alkoxysilyl group contains glycidyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and 3-glycol Item 2.
- Item 3 (a) The electrophotographic apparatus according to Item 1 or 2, wherein the structural unit derived from epihalohydrin is a structural unit derived from at least one selected from the group consisting of epichlorohydrin and epibromohydrin. Semiconductive parts.
- Item 4 The electrophotography according to any one of Items 1 to 3, wherein the structural unit derived from (b) alkylene oxide is a structural unit derived from at least one selected from the group consisting of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and butylene oxide. Semiconductive parts for equipment.
- Item 5 The semiconductive part for electrophotographic equipment according to any one of Items 1 to 4, wherein the hardness of the crosslinked product is 10 to 80 in a hardness test in accordance with JIS K6253 type A.
- the semiconductive part for an electrophotographic apparatus is (a) 9.9 to 39.9 mol% as a structural unit derived from epihalohydrin, (b) 60 to 90 mol% as a structural unit derived from alkylene oxide, (c) Cyclic ether monomer containing (meth) acryloyl group or alkoxysilyl group of copolymer having 0.1 to 10 mol% as a structural unit derived from cyclic ether monomer containing (meth) acryloyl group or alkoxysilyl group Item 6.
- the semiconductive part for an electrophotographic apparatus according to any one of Items 1 to 5 which is a semiconductive roll in which a cross-linked product obtained by cross-linking utilizing the reactivity of the structural unit derived from is laminated on a substrate.
- Item 7 An electrophotographic apparatus using the semiconductive part for an electrophotographic apparatus according to any one of Items 1 to 6.
- the semiconductive parts for electrophotographic equipment obtained by the present invention are not only semiconductive like the members conventionally used for charging rolls, developing rolls, transfer rolls, etc. Since the contamination is remarkably reduced, it is very useful for semiconductive rolls and belts of copying machines and printers.
- the semiconductive part for an electrophotographic apparatus of the present invention comprises (a) 9.9 to 39.9 mol% as a structural unit derived from epihalohydrin, (b) 60 to 90 mol% as a structural unit derived from alkylene oxide, (c ) A copolymer having 0.1 to 10 mol% as a structural unit derived from a cyclic ether monomer containing a (meth) acryloyl group or an alkoxysilyl group, and a cyclic containing a (meth) acryloyl group or an alkoxysilyl group It contains a crosslinked product obtained by crosslinking utilizing the reactivity of the structural unit derived from the ether monomer.
- the structural unit derived from epihalohydrin is preferably a structural unit derived from at least one selected from the group consisting of epichlorohydrin and epibromohydrin, More preferred is a structural unit derived from epichlorohydrin.
- the structural unit derived from epihalohydrin preferably has 9.9 to 39.9 mol%, more preferably 9.9 to 34.5 mol%, It is particularly preferred to have a content of .9 to 29.5 mol%.
- the structural unit derived from (b) alkylene oxide is preferably a structural unit derived from at least one selected from the group consisting of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and butylene oxide. From the viewpoint of semiconductivity, a structural unit derived from ethylene oxide is particularly preferable.
- the structural unit derived from (b) alkylene oxide preferably has 60 to 90 mol%, more preferably 60 to 80 mol%, and more preferably 65 to 80 mol%. Particularly preferred.
- the structural unit derived from the cyclic ether monomer containing (c) (meth) acryloyl group or alkoxysilyl group includes glycidyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, 3-glycidoxypropyl.
- the structural unit is derived from at least one selected from the group consisting of trimethoxysilane and 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, and glycidyl methacrylate and / or 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane More preferably, it is a derived structural unit.
- the (meth) acryloyl group means an acryloyl group and / or a methacryloyl group.
- the copolymer of the present invention preferably has 0.1 to 10 mol% as a structural unit derived from a cyclic ether monomer containing (c) a (meth) acryloyl group or an alkoxysilyl group, More preferably, it has ⁇ 8 mol%, particularly preferably 1 ⁇ 8 mol%.
- the crosslinked product of the present invention is derived from a cyclic ether monomer containing (a) a structural unit derived from epihalohydrin, (b) a structural unit derived from alkylene oxide, (c) a (meth) acryloyl group, or an alkoxysilyl group.
- a copolymer having a structural unit is obtained by crosslinking using the reactivity of a structural unit derived from a cyclic ether monomer containing a (c) (meth) acryloyl group or an alkoxysilyl group.
- the copolymer can be crosslinked without using a crosslinking agent that causes contamination, the contamination of the semiconductive parts for electrophotographic equipment finally obtained with respect to the photoreceptor is reduced. be able to.
- the crosslinked body which comprises the semiconductive component for electrophotographic equipment which concerns on this invention in addition to bridge
- a polyamine crosslinking agent for example, a quinoxaline crosslinking agent, a thiourea crosslinking agent, a triazine crosslinking agent, a bisphenol crosslinking agent, a sulfur crosslinking agent, or a peroxide crosslinking agent may be used in combination.
- the blending amount is the total amount of the copolymer. When it is 100% by weight, it is preferably 3% by weight or less, more preferably 1% by weight or less, still more preferably less than 0.1% by weight, and particularly preferably no crosslinking agent is used. .
- Polyamine-based cross-linking agents include ethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, hexamethylenetetramine, p-phenylenediamine, cumenediamine, N, N′-dicinnamylidene-1,6-hexanediamine, ethylenediamine carbamate, hexamethylene Examples include diamine carbamate.
- quinoxaline crosslinking agents examples include 2,3-dimercaptoquinoxaline, quinoxaline-2,3-dithiocarbonate, 6-methylquinoxaline-2,3-dithiocarbonate, 5,8-dimethylquinoxaline-2,3-dithiocarbonate, etc. Is mentioned.
- thiourea-based crosslinking agent examples include 2-mercaptoimidazoline, 1,3-diethylthiourea, 1,3-dibutylthiourea, trimethylthiourea and the like.
- triazine crosslinking agents examples include 2,4,6-trimercapto-1,3,5-triazine, 2-hexylamino-4,6-dimercaptotriazine, 2-diethylamino-4,6-dimercaptotriazine, 2 -Cyclohexylamino-4,6-dimercaptotriazine, 2-dibutylamino-4,6-dimercaptotriazine, 2-anilino-4,6-dimercaptotriazine, 2-phenylamino-4,6-dimercaptotriazine, etc. Is mentioned.
- Examples of the bisphenol-based crosslinking agent include bisphenol AF and bisphenol S.
- Sulfur-based crosslinking agents include sulfur, tetramethylthiuram monosulfide, tetramethylthiuram disulfide, tetraethylthiuram disulfide, tetrabutylthiuram monosulfide, tetrabutylthiuram disulfide, N, N'-dimethyl-N, N'-diphenylthiuram disulfide
- active sulfur-releasing compounds such as dipentamethylene thiuram monosulfide, dipentamethylene thiuram disulfide, dipentamethylene thiuram tetrasulfide, dipentamethylene thiuram hexasulfide.
- Peroxide crosslinking agents include tert-butyl hydroperoxide, p-menthane hydroperoxide, dicumyl peroxide, tert-butyl peroxide, 1,3-bis (tert-butylperoxyisopropyl) benzene, 2, Examples include 5-dimethyl-2,5-di (tert-butylperoxy) hexane, benzoyl peroxide, tert-butylperoxybenzoate, and the like.
- the crosslinked product of the present invention is crosslinked using a (meth) acryloyl group in the copolymer, it is preferably crosslinked using active energy rays such as heat, ultraviolet rays and electron beams.
- active energy rays such as heat, ultraviolet rays and electron beams.
- the crosslinking reaction is completed in 3 minutes to 5 hours under a temperature condition of 100 ° C. to 200 ° C.
- energy rays such as ultraviolet rays and electron beams
- a sensitizer is generally used, and the crosslinking reaction is usually completed in 0.1 seconds to 1 hour under a temperature condition of 10 ° C. to 150 ° C.
- the crosslinked product of the present invention is crosslinked using an alkoxysilyl group, it is preferably crosslinked using heat or steam.
- the crosslinking reaction is completed in 3 minutes to 1 hour under a temperature condition of 100 ° C. to 200 ° C.
- the crosslinking reaction is completed in 5 minutes to 1 hour.
- the electroconductive device for electrophotographic equipment of the present invention contains (a) a structural unit derived from epihalohydrin, (b) a structural unit derived from alkylene oxide, (c) a (meth) acryloyl group, or an alkoxysilyl group. You may contain the acid acceptor used when bridge
- metal compounds include Group II (Group 2 and Group 12) metal oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, carboxylates, silicates, borates, phosphites, and Group III of the Periodic Table. (Group 3 and Group 13) metal oxides, hydroxides, carboxylates, silicates, sulfates, nitrates, phosphates, Group IV (Groups 4 and 14) metal oxides, Examples thereof include metal compounds such as basic carbonates, basic carboxylates, basic phosphites, basic sulfites, and tribasic sulfates.
- the metal compound include magnesia, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, barium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, barium carbonate, quicklime, slaked lime, calcium carbonate, calcium silicate, calcium stearate, zinc stearate, Calcium phthalate, calcium phosphite, zinc white, tin oxide, lisage, red lead, lead white, dibasic lead phthalate, dibasic lead carbonate, tin stearate, basic lead phosphite, basic phosphorous acid Tin, basic lead sulfite, tribasic lead sulfate and the like can be mentioned, and sodium carbonate, magnesia, magnesium hydroxide, quicklime, slaked lime, calcium silicate, zinc white and the like are preferable.
- the inorganic microporous crystal means a crystalline porous body and can be clearly distinguished from amorphous porous bodies such as silica gel and alumina.
- amorphous porous bodies such as silica gel and alumina.
- examples of such inorganic microporous crystals include zeolites, aluminophosphate type molecular sieves, layered silicates, synthetic hydrotalcites, alkali metal titanates and the like.
- a particularly preferred acid acceptor is synthetic hydrotalcite.
- the zeolites are natural zeolites, A-type, X-type, Y-type synthetic zeolites, sodalites, natural or synthetic mordenites, various zeolites such as ZSM-5, and metal substitutes thereof. It may be used in combination of two or more. Further, the metal of the metal substitution product is often sodium. As the zeolite, those having a large acid-accepting ability are preferable, and A-type zeolite is preferable.
- the synthetic hydrotalcite is represented by the following general formula (1).
- z is a real number from 1 to 5
- w is a real number from 0 to 10, respectively.
- Examples of the hydrotalcites represented by the general formula (1) include Mg 4.5 Al 2 (OH) 13 CO 3 .3.5H 2 O, Mg 4.5 Al 2 (OH) 13 CO 3 , Mg 4 Al 2 (OH) 12 CO 3 .3.5H 2 O, Mg 6 Al 2 (OH) 16 CO 3 .4H 2 O, Mg 5 Al 2 (OH) 14 CO 3 .4H 2 O, Mg 3 Al 2 (OH) 10 CO 3 ⁇ 1.7H 2 O, Mg 3 ZnAl 2 (OH) 12 CO 3 ⁇ 3.5H 2 O, can be cited Mg 3 ZnAl 2 (OH) 12 CO 3 and the like.
- the semiconductive part for an electrophotographic apparatus of the present invention may contain an antiaging agent, and a known antiaging agent can be used.
- antioxidants include phenyl- ⁇ -naphthylamine, p-toluenesulfonylamide-diphenylamine, 4,4- ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylbenzyldiphenylamine, high-temperature reaction products of diphenylamine and acetone, and low-temperature reaction products of diphenylamine and acetone.
- the above compounding agents, other rubbers, and resins are blended into (a) 9.9 to 39.9 mol% as a structural unit derived from epihalohydrin, (b) 60 to 90 mol% as a structural unit derived from alkylene oxide, ( c) It can be carried out by kneading together with a copolymer having 0.1 to 10 mol% as a structural unit derived from a cyclic ether monomer containing a (meth) acryloyl group or an alkoxysilyl group.
- a crosslinked product can be obtained by crosslinking a composition obtained by kneading a copolymer and a compounding agent, and a semiconductive part for an electrophotographic apparatus containing the crosslinked product can be obtained.
- any means conventionally used in the field of polymer processing can be used, for example, a mixing roll, a Banbury mixer, various kneaders. Etc. can be used.
- Examples of the method for molding a semiconductive part for an electrophotographic apparatus according to the present invention include compression molding using a mold, extrusion molding, injection molding, and the like. Extrusion molding and injection molding are preferable.
- the hardness of the crosslinked body is preferably 10 to 80, and preferably 20 to 70 in a hardness test according to JIS K6253 type A. .
- the volume resistivity of the crosslinked body at 23 ° C. ⁇ 50% RH (relative humidity) is measured in accordance with JIS K6271, and 1.0 ⁇ 10 6 to It is preferably 1.0 ⁇ 10 10 ⁇ ⁇ cm, and more preferably 1.0 ⁇ 10 6 to 1.0 ⁇ 10 9 ⁇ ⁇ cm.
- the semiconductive part for an electrophotographic apparatus of the present invention may be formed by laminating the crosslinked body of the present invention on a substrate. Although a base material changes with uses, metal, such as resin or aluminum, iron, can be illustrated. An intermediate layer can be provided between the substrate and the crosslinked body, and a further surface layer can be provided on the crosslinked body.
- the semiconductive part for an electrophotographic apparatus of the present invention is used as a semiconductive roll, a belt or the like in an electrophotographic apparatus such as a copying machine or a printer.
- Example 1 The inside of a 20 L SUS reactor (with a thermometer and a stirrer) was purged with nitrogen, and 7.2% of the above-mentioned condensation material catalyst, 4500 g of normal hexane having a water content of 10 ppm or less, 607 g of epichlorohydrin, and 60% of 820 g of ethylene oxide. An amount of 61 g of 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane was charged and reacted at 35 ° C. for 20 hours. In addition, 25% amount and 15% amount of 820 g of ethylene oxide were added at 1.5 hours and 2.5 hours, respectively. After removing the reaction solution, it was dried at 40 ° C. under reduced pressure for 8 hours to obtain a copolymer.
- the above-mentioned condensation material catalyst 4500 g of normal hexane having a water content of 10 ppm or less, 607 g of epichlorohydrin, and 60% of 820 g of ethylene oxide.
- Example 2 The inside of a SUS reactor (with a thermometer and a stirrer) having an internal volume of 20 L was purged with nitrogen, and 7.2% of the above condensation material catalyst, 4500 g of normal hexane having a water content of 10 ppm or less, 587 g of epichlorohydrin, and 60% of 839 g of ethylene oxide. An amount of 74 g of glycidyl methacrylate was charged and reacted at 35 ° C. for 20 hours. In addition, 25% amount and 15% amount of 839 g of ethylene oxide were added at 1.5 hours and 2.5 hours, respectively. After removing the reaction solution, it was dried at 40 ° C. under reduced pressure for 8 hours to obtain a copolymer.
- Comparative Example 1 The inside of a 20 L SUS reactor (with a thermometer and a stirrer) was purged with nitrogen, 7.2% of the above condensation material catalyst, 4500 g of normal hexane having a water content of 10 ppm or less, 304 g of epichlorohydrin, 60% of 661 g of ethylene oxide A quantity of 534 g of 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane was added and reacted at 35 ° C. for 20 hours. In addition, 25% amount and 15% amount of 661 g of ethylene oxide were added at 1.5 hours and 2.5 hours, respectively. After removing the reaction solution, it was dried at 40 ° C. under reduced pressure for 8 hours to obtain a copolymer. However, the copolymer of Comparative Example 1 was greatly reduced in viscosity and became a highly sticky paste, so that it was difficult to take out from the reactor, and the following evaluation could not be performed.
- the copolymer composition of the copolymer obtained in Example 1 was determined by 1 H-NMR analysis and chlorine content, and the copolymer composition of the copolymer obtained in Example 2 was determined by chlorine content and iodine value. Asked.
- the chlorine content was determined by potentiometric titration according to the method described in JIS K7229.
- the potentiometric titration method was performed using an AT-420N potentiometer manufactured by Kyoto Electronics Industry Co., Ltd. equipped with a composite electrode C-878 as an electrode, and the mole fraction of structural units derived from epichlorohydrin from the obtained chlorine content. Is calculated.
- the iodine value was measured by a method according to JIS K6235.
- a structural unit derived from glycidyl methacrylate was obtained. Calculate the mole fraction. Using 1 H-NMR analysis, the mole fraction of the structural unit derived from 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane is calculated. As a measuring instrument, JNM-GSX270 manufactured by JEOL Ltd. was used. The molar fraction of the structural unit derived from alkylene oxide was calculated so as to be 100 mol% in total with the structural units derived from other monomer units.
- copolymers obtained in Examples 1 and 2 were formed into a sheet with an open roll and subjected to press crosslinking at 170 ° C. for 15 minutes to obtain a crosslinked sheet.
- volume resistivity After adjusting the state of the crosslinked sheet prepared above in a 23 ° C./50% RH environment, in accordance with JIS K6271, using a Hiresta made by Mitsubishi Yuka Co., Ltd. using a double ring electrode. The volume resistivity after 1 minute application of 10 V is measured. Hardness Using the cross-linked sheet prepared above, a hardness test according to JIS K6253 type A was performed, and the hardness was measured. The results are shown in Table 2. Contamination The prepared cross-linked sheet is cut at a distance of 2 cm, and a load of 5 g per square centimeter is applied to the photoconductor, and left to stand for 1 week in a 40 ° C. ⁇ 90% RH environment to check for deposits on the photoconductor. Was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 2. ⁇ : Contamination marks are not printed on the image when printed using the photoconductor after the test. X: Contamination marks are printed on the image when printed using the photoconductor after the test.
- Table 1 shows the composition ratios of the copolymers obtained in Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 1.
- Table 2 shows the volume resistivity of the cross-linked sheets obtained by crosslinking the copolymers obtained in Examples 1 and 2. Show.
- Example 1 (a) a structural unit derived from epichlorohydrin is 26 mol%, (b) a structural unit derived from ethylene oxide is 73 mol% (c) a structural unit derived from 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane.
- a structural unit derived from epichlorohydrin is 26 mol%
- a structural unit derived from ethylene oxide is 73 mol%
- c a structural unit derived from 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane.
- the structural unit derived from (a) epichlorohydrin is 24 mol%
- It is a semiconductive part for an electrophotographic apparatus having a crosslinked product of a copolymer containing 2 mol% of a structural unit derived from 74 mol% (c) glycidyl methacrylate.
- Comparative Example 1 the polymerization was performed so that the constituent unit derived from (c) 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane was 11 mol%, but the viscosity of the copolymer was greatly reduced and the adhesiveness was high. Since it became a paste, it was difficult to take out from the reactor, and could not be evaluated. Further, as shown in Table 2, the copolymer cross-linked products of Examples 1 and 2 which are semiconductive parts for electrophotographic equipment of the present invention have a volume resistivity of 1.1 at 23 ° C./50% RH.
- the semiconductive part for electrophotographic equipment of the present invention is semiconductive and is extremely useful for applications such as semiconductive rolls and belts in electrophotographic equipment such as copying machines and printers.
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Abstract
Description
項2 (c)(メタ)アクリロイル基、又はアルコキシシリル基を含有する環状エーテルモノマーに由来する構成単位が、アクリル酸グリシジル、メタクリル酸グリシジル、3-グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、及び3-グリシドキシプロピルメチルジメトキシシランからなる群より選択される少なくとも一つに由来する構成単位である項1記載の電子写真機器用半導電性部品。
項3 (a)エピハロヒドリンに由来する構成単位が、エピクロロヒドリン、及びエピブロモヒドリンからなる群より選択される少なくとも一つに由来する構成単位である項1又は2記載の電子写真機器用半導電性部品。
項4 (b)アルキレンオキサイドに由来する構成単位が、エチレンオキサイド、プロピレンオキサイド、及びブチレンオキサイドからなる群より選択される少なくとも一つに由来する構成単位である項1~3いずれか記載の電子写真機器用半導電性部品。
項5 架橋体の硬度が、JIS K6253のタイプAに準拠する硬さ試験において、10~80であることを特徴とする項1~4いずれか記載の電子写真機器用半導電性部品。
項6 電子写真機器用半導電性部品が、(a)エピハロヒドリンに由来する構成単位として9.9~39.9mol%、(b)アルキレンオキサイドに由来する構成単位として60~90mol%、(c)(メタ)アクリロイル基、又はアルコキシシリル基を含有する環状エーテルモノマーに由来する構成単位として0.1~10mol%を有する共重合体の(メタ)アクリロイル基、又はアルコキシシリル基を含有する環状エーテルモノマーに由来する構成単位の反応性を利用して架橋してなる架橋体が基材に積層された半導電性ロールである項1~5いずれか記載の電子写真機器用半導電性部品。
項7 項1~6いずれか記載の電子写真機器用半導電性部品を用いてなる電子写真機器。
MgXZnYAlZ(OH)(2(X+Y)+3Z-2)CO3・wH2O (1)
[式中、xとyはそれぞれx+y=1~10の関係を有する0~10の実数、zは1~5の実数、wは0~10の実数をそれぞれ示す。]
温度計および攪拌装置を伏した三ツ口フラスコにジブチル錫オキサイド10.0g、トリブチルホスフェート23.4gをいれ、窒素気流下に攪拌しながら260℃で15分間加熱して留出物を留去させ、残留物として固体状の縮合物質を得た。この縮合物質を重合触媒として使用した。
内容量20LのSUS反応器(温度計および攪拌装置付き)の内部を窒素置換し、上記縮合物質触媒7.2g、水分10ppm以下のノルマルヘキサン4500g、エピクロロヒドリン607g、エチレンオキサイド820gの60%量、3-グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン61gを仕込み35℃にて20時間反応させた。なお反応時間1.5時間目と2.5時間目に各々エチレンオキサイド820gの25%量、15%量を添加した。反応溶液を除去した後、減圧下40℃にて8時間乾燥し、共重合体を得た。
内容量20LのSUS反応器(温度計および攪拌装置付き)の内部を窒素置換し、上記縮合物質触媒7.2g、水分10ppm以下のノルマルヘキサン4500g、エピクロロヒドリン587g、エチレンオキサイド839gの60%量、メタクリル酸グリシジル74gを仕込み35℃にて20時間反応させた。なお反応時間1.5時間目と2.5時間目に各々エチレンオキサイド839gの25%量、15%量を添加した。反応溶液を除去した後、減圧下40℃にて8時間乾燥し、共重合体を得た。
内容量20LのSUS反応器(温度計および攪拌装置付き)の内部を窒素置換し、上記縮合物質触媒7.2g、水分10ppm以下のノルマルヘキサン4500g、エピクロロヒドリン304g、エチレンオキサイド661gの60%量、3-グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン534gを仕込み35℃にて20時間反応させた。なお反応時間1.5時間目と2.5時間目に各々エチレンオキサイド661gの25%量、15%量を添加した。反応溶液を除去した後、減圧下40℃にて8時間乾燥し、共重合体を得た。しかし、比較例1の共重合体は粘度が大きく低下し、粘着性の高いペースト状になってしまったため反応器からの取り出しが困難となり、以下の評価ができなかった。
塩素含量は、JIS K7229に記載の方法に従い、電位差滴定法によって求めた。電位差滴定法は電極に複合電極C-878を備えた京都電子工業株式会社製AT-420N電位差測定装置を用いて行い、得られた塩素含量からエピクロロヒドリンに由来する構成単位のモル分率を算出する。
ヨウ素価はJIS K6235に準じた方法で測定した。共栓付きフラスコにサンプル約0.70gとクロロホルム80mlを加えて40℃に加熱してサンプルを溶解させた後、ウィイス試薬20mlと酢酸ナトリウム水溶液10mlを加えてよく振り混ぜ、暗所で20分間静置する。次に20%ヨウ化カリウム水溶液5mlを加えてからよく振り混ぜる。その後、微量複合白金電極(酸化還元滴定)を備えた自動的定装置を用いて0.1N-チオ硫酸ナトリウム水溶液で電位差滴定を行い、得られたヨウ素価からメタクリル酸グリシジルに由来する構成単位のモル分率を算出する。
1H-NMR分析を用いて、3-グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシランに由来する構成単位のモル分率を算出する。測定機器は日本電子株式会社製のJNM-GSX270を用いた。
アルキレンオキサイドに由来する構成単位のモル分率は、他のモノマーユニットに由来する構成単位と合算し、100mol%になるように算出した。
前記で作成した架橋シートを23℃/50%RH環境下にて状態調整を行った後、JIS K6271に準拠し、二重リング電極を用いた三菱油化株式会社製ハイレスタを用いて、10V印加、1分後の体積抵抗率を測定する。
硬度
前記で作成した架橋シートを使用し、JIS K6253のタイプAに準拠する硬さ試験を行い、硬度を測定した。結果を表2に示す。
汚染性
作成した架橋シートを2cm各で裁断し1平方センチあたり5gの荷重をかけ感光体に圧着させ40℃×90%RH環境下で1週間放置し感光体への付着物を確認し、以下の評価を行った。結果を表2に示す。
○:試験後の感光体を使用し印刷した時に画像に汚染痕が印刷されない。
×:試験後の感光体を使用し印刷した時に画像に汚染痕が印刷される。
また、表2に示すように本発明の電子写真機器用半導電性部品である実施例1~2の共重合体の架橋体は、23℃/50%RHでの体積抵抗率が1.1×108、1.3×108と半導電性を維持しているとともに、電子写真機器用半導電性部品、特には半導電性ロールを構成する弾性材料として好適な硬度を有することがわかる。さらに、共重合体の架橋体は汚染性が著しく低減されているため、電子写真機器用半導電性部品として好適に使用可能であることがわかる。
Claims (7)
- (a)エピハロヒドリンに由来する構成単位として9.9~39.9mol%、(b)アルキレンオキサイドに由来する構成単位として60~90mol%、(c)(メタ)アクリロイル基、又はアルコキシシリル基を含有する環状エーテルモノマーに由来する構成単位として0.1~10mol%を有する共重合体の(メタ)アクリロイル基、又はアルコキシシリル基を含有する環状エーテルモノマーに由来する構成単位の反応性を利用して架橋してなる架橋体を含有する電子写真機器用半導電性部品。
- (c)(メタ)アクリロイル基、又はアルコキシシリル基を含有する環状エーテルモノマーに由来する構成単位が、アクリル酸グリシジル、メタクリル酸グリシジル、3-グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン及び3-グリシドキシプロピルメチルジメトキシシランからなる群より選択される少なくとも一つに由来する構成単位である請求項1記載の電子写真機器用半導電性部品。
- (a)エピハロヒドリンに由来する構成単位が、エピクロロヒドリン及びエピブロモヒドリンからなる群より選択される少なくとも一つに由来する構成単位である請求項1又は2記載の電子写真機器用半導電性部品。
- (b)アルキレンオキサイドに由来する構成単位が、エチレンオキサイド、プロピレンオキサイド及びブチレンオキサイドからなる群より選択される少なくとも一つに由来する構成単位である請求項1~3いずれか記載の電子写真機器用半導電性部品。
- 架橋体の硬度が、JIS K6253のタイプAに準拠する硬さ試験において、10~80であることを特徴とする請求項1~4いずれか記載の電子写真機器用半導電性部品。
- 電子写真機器用半導電性部品が、(a)エピハロヒドリンに由来する構成単位として9.9~39.9mol%、(b)アルキレンオキサイドに由来する構成単位として60~90mol%、(c)(メタ)アクリロイル基、又はアルコキシシリル基を含有する環状エーテルモノマーに由来する構成単位として0.1~10mol%を有する共重合体の(メタ)アクリロイル基、又はアルコキシシリル基を含有する環状エーテルモノマーに由来する構成単位の反応性を利用して架橋してなる架橋体が基材に積層された半導電性ロールである請求項1~5いずれか記載の電子写真機器用半導電性部品。
- 請求項1~6いずれか記載の電子写真機器用半導電性部品を用いてなる電子写真機器。
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