WO2015045430A1 - Procédé de production de biomasse et dispositif de logement de biomasse - Google Patents

Procédé de production de biomasse et dispositif de logement de biomasse Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015045430A1
WO2015045430A1 PCT/JP2014/051785 JP2014051785W WO2015045430A1 WO 2015045430 A1 WO2015045430 A1 WO 2015045430A1 JP 2014051785 W JP2014051785 W JP 2014051785W WO 2015045430 A1 WO2015045430 A1 WO 2015045430A1
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Prior art keywords
biomass
germination
sterilization
microorganisms
cooling
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PCT/JP2014/051785
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
栄 福永
河西　英一
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株式会社Ihi
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Priority to JP2015538924A priority Critical patent/JP6137327B2/ja
Priority to MYPI2016701064A priority patent/MY176220A/en
Publication of WO2015045430A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015045430A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
    • A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
    • A61L2/04—Heat
    • A61L2/06—Hot gas
    • A61L2/07—Steam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
    • C10L5/36—Shape
    • C10L5/363—Pellets or granulates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • C10L5/445—Agricultural waste, e.g. corn crops, grass clippings, nut shells or oil pressing residues
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a biomass manufacturing method for manufacturing biomass and a biomass storage device for storing biomass.
  • oil palm oil, palm kernel oil
  • FFB Fresh Fruit Bunch
  • the oil palm bunches are steamed with steam, the fruit part containing the desired oil, and the empty fruit bunches
  • EFB Empty Fruit ⁇ Bunch
  • biomass such as empty fruit bunches such as empty fruit bunches and woody biomass such as wood, sawdust, bark, etc.
  • biomass fuel for direct combustion
  • patent documents 1 and 2 The technique which utilizes biomass effectively, such as manufacturing ethanol from biomass (for example, patent document 3), is developed.
  • a place where biomass is generated for example, an oil production factory
  • a place where biomass is used for example, a place where biomass is used as fuel or a place where ethanol is produced
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a biomass production method and a biomass storage device capable of preventing spontaneous combustion of biomass and biomass fuel obtained therefrom.
  • 1st aspect of this invention is a biomass manufacturing method, Comprising: The accommodation process which accommodates biomass in a storage container, and cooling or leaving the said biomass, it is beforehand required for germination of the microorganism of the spore state adhering to the said biomass A germination step for creating and maintaining a predetermined condition; and a sterilization step for creating and maintaining a predetermined condition for killing the microorganism by heating the biomass to which the germinated microorganism has adhered. This is the gist.
  • the biomass production method may further include a steaming step of steaming the raw material by supplying steam to the raw material of the biomass to obtain the biomass.
  • the germination step and the sterilization step may be performed in the storage container under atmospheric pressure.
  • the germination step and the sterilization step may be alternately repeated a plurality of times.
  • the biomass may be heated by supplying water vapor to the biomass to which the germinated microorganisms adhere.
  • the biomass may be heated at a predetermined temperature of 90 ° C. to 110 ° C.
  • the raw material of the biomass may be oil palm, and the biomass may be an empty fruit bunch obtained by defruiting the oil palm.
  • the biomass production method may further include a pulverization step of pulverizing the biomass, a drying step of drying the biomass pulverized by the pulverization step, and a molding step of forming the biomass dried by the drying step into a granular shape.
  • the germination step and the sterilization step may be performed before the pulverization step.
  • the germination step and the sterilization step may be performed between the pulverization step and the drying step.
  • the germination step and the sterilization step may be performed after the molding step.
  • a second aspect of the present invention is a biomass storage device, which is a germination vessel that is attached to the biomass and a storage container that stores the biomass obtained by steaming the raw material by supplying steam to the raw material of the biomass.
  • a gist is provided with a cooling gas supply unit that allows cooling gas to flow through the biomass stored in the storage container.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a biomass production system.
  • Drawing 2 is a figure for explaining a biomass accommodation device.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the processing flow of the biomass production method.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the biomass production system according to the first modification.
  • FIG. 5 is a time chart of two biomass storage devices.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a biomass production system according to a second modification.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart for explaining a process flow of the biomass manufacturing method according to the second modification.
  • FIG. 8 is a time chart of three biomass storage devices.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a biomass production system according to another modification.
  • the oil palm bunch is steamed with steam and then separated into a fruit portion containing oil and an empty fruit bunch in a de-fruiting process.
  • the present inventors have detected that Bacillus subtilis is attached to the empty fruit bunches even though the oil coconut fruit bunches are treated with steam of 100 ° C. or higher such as steaming (Source: Fukunaga, S., Kasai, H. and Inubushi, K. (2012) Microbial gas production from empty fruit bunch (EFB) of oil palm. Proceedings of the 28th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society for Microbial Ecology (PB-19).
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a biomass production system 100.
  • the biomass production system 100 includes a steaming device 110, a fruit removal device 120, and a biomass storage device 150.
  • an oil palm fruit bunch will be described as an example of biomass raw material
  • an empty fruit bunch (EFB) will be described as an example of biomass.
  • the steaming apparatus 110 steams the oil palm fruit bunch by supplying water vapor to the oil palm fruit bunch. Steaming weakens the bond between the fruit portion and the empty fruit bunches, and facilitates the separation of the fruit portion and the empty fruit bunches in the subsequent fruit removal apparatus 120. In addition, the enzyme such as lipase contained in the oil palm fruit bunch is deactivated to suppress the deterioration of the oil contained in the fruit portion.
  • the temperature of the steam supplied by the steaming device 110 is a predetermined temperature of 90 ° C. to 110 ° C.
  • the spore of a microorganism that is present in the oil palm fruit bunch and cannot be easily killed with heat of 100 ° C. or higher can be germinated and converted into vegetative cells.
  • the fruit removal device 120 separates the oil palm cooked by the steaming device 110 into a fruit portion and an empty fruit bunch.
  • the fruit portion thus separated is squeezed by oil generation means (not shown) in the subsequent stage to produce palm oil or palm kernel oil.
  • the separated empty fruit bunches are put into the biomass storage device 150 at the subsequent stage.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the biomass storage device 150.
  • the biomass storage device 150 includes a storage container 160, a heating gas supply unit 170, a cooling gas supply unit 180, and a control unit 185.
  • the movement of the lids 162a and 162b is indicated by solid arrows, and the signal flow is indicated by broken arrows.
  • the storage container 160 is a container that stores the empty fruit bunches separated by the fruit removal device 120. More specifically, the storage container 160 has an input port 160a on the upper surface and a carry-out port 160b on the side surface. In addition, the storage container 160 is provided with a lid portion 162a for opening and closing the charging port 160a and a lid portion 162b for opening and closing the carry-out port 160b.
  • the storage container 160 is provided with a porous plate 164 in which a plurality of holes are formed in a horizontal direction in a state where a gap is formed below the porous plate 164, and an empty fruit bunch is provided above the porous plate 164. It is to be accommodated.
  • the heating gas supply unit 170 is stored in the storage container 160 with a heating gas that heats the empty fruit bunch above the killing temperature of microorganisms (eg, Bacillus subtilis) germinated by being heated and then cooled by the steaming device 110. Let it flow to the empty fruit bunch. More specifically, the heated gas supply unit 170 supplies the heated gas near the bottom surface of the storage container 160 and below the porous plate 164. Then, the heated gas is sent upward from the hole of the perforated plate 164. In this way, the heated gas reaches the empty fruit bunches accommodated in the storage container 160, and the empty fruit bunches are heated by the heated gas.
  • microorganisms eg, Bacillus subtilis
  • the heating gas is, for example, water vapor having a predetermined temperature of 90 ° C. to 110 ° C.
  • the heated gas supply unit 170 allows the heated gas to flow through the empty fruit bunch continuously for a predetermined time, for example, from 30 minutes to 90 minutes.
  • the cooling gas supply unit 180 allows a cooling gas that cools the empty fruit bunches to a temperature required for germination of spore-shaped microorganisms attached to the empty fruit bunches to flow to the empty fruit bunches accommodated in the container 160. More specifically, the cooling gas supply unit 180 supplies the cooling gas near the bottom surface of the storage container 160 and below the porous plate 164. Then, the cooling gas is sent upward from the hole of the perforated plate 164. In this way, the cooling gas reaches the empty fruit bunches accommodated in the container 160, and the empty fruit bunches are cooled by the cooling gas.
  • the cooling gas is, for example, air at normal temperature (a predetermined temperature of 20 ° C. to 40 ° C.).
  • the cooling gas supply unit 180 allows the cooling gas to flow through the empty fruit bunch continuously for a predetermined time, for example, from 30 minutes to 90 minutes.
  • the control unit 185 is composed of a semiconductor integrated circuit including a CPU (central processing unit), reads programs and parameters for operating the CPU itself from the ROM, and cooperates with the RAM as a work area and other electronic circuits.
  • the biomass storage device 150 is managed and controlled.
  • the control unit 185 drives and controls the lids 162a and 162b, the heating gas supply unit 170, and the cooling gas supply unit 180.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the processing flow of the biomass production method.
  • the biomass production method includes a cooking step S110, a fruit removal step S120, a charging step S130, a germination cooling step S140, a germination step S150, and a sterilization (sterilization) step.
  • S160, final cooling step S170, and unloading step S180 are included.
  • each process is explained in full detail.
  • the steaming step S110 is a step in which the steaming device 110 supplies steam to the oil palm fruit bunch and steams the oil palm fruit bunch at a predetermined temperature of 90 ° C. to 110 ° C.
  • bonding of a fruit part and an empty fruit bunch can be weakened, and it becomes possible to isolate
  • an enzyme such as lipase contained in the oil palm fruit bunch can be inactivated, and deterioration of oil contained in the fruit portion can be suppressed.
  • the structure in which the oil palm bunch is steamed at a predetermined temperature of 90 ° C. to 110 ° C. allows germination of microbes that are present in the oil palm bunch and cannot be easily killed by heat of 100 ° C. or higher. Can be transformed into vegetative cells.
  • the fruit removal step S120 is a step in which the fruit removal device 120 separates the oil palm fruit bunch cooked in the cooking step S110 into a fruit portion and an empty fruit bunch.
  • an empty fruit bunch is introduced into the storage container 160 through the insertion port 160a by a carrying device (not shown), and the empty fruit bunch is accommodated.
  • the cooling process S140 for germination which is a part of the germination process, adheres to the empty fruit bunch by cooling or leaving the empty fruit bunch produced by performing the steaming process S110 and the defruiting process S120, and is steamed.
  • Predetermined conditions required for germination of the spore-like microorganisms that have been subjected to are created.
  • the predetermined condition required for germination of the spore-like microorganism is that the empty fruit bunches are brought to room temperature (a predetermined temperature of 20 ° C. to 40 ° C.).
  • the empty fruit bunches may be cooled by allowing to cool (stand), or the control unit 185 drives the cooling gas supply unit 180 to supply the cooling gas, for example, for 30 minutes to
  • the empty fruit bunch may be cooled by allowing it to flow through the empty fruit bunch continuously for a predetermined time in 90 minutes.
  • the predetermined conditions required for germination of the spore-like microorganisms created in the germination cooling step S140 are set in advance, for example, in advance from 16 hours to 3 days. Maintain for a specified time.
  • the sterilization step S160 is a step of creating and maintaining a predetermined condition required for killing the germinated microorganisms by heating the empty fruit bunches to which the germinated microorganisms adhere by performing the germination condition maintaining step S150.
  • the predetermined condition required for the killing of the microorganisms is to set the empty fruit bunches to a predetermined temperature of, for example, 90 ° C. to 110 ° C.
  • the time for maintaining the predetermined condition is, for example, a predetermined time from 30 minutes to 90 minutes.
  • “sterilization” means a process of killing microorganisms to such an extent that the occurrence of spontaneous ignition can be suppressed. That is, this term also means a treatment that annihilates the microorganism.
  • the control unit 185 drives the heating gas supply unit 170 to supply heating gas (here, water vapor having a predetermined temperature of 90 ° C. to 110 ° C.) to the storage container 160. For example, it is allowed to flow through the empty fruit bunch continuously for a predetermined time of 30 minutes to 90 minutes.
  • heating gas here, water vapor having a predetermined temperature of 90 ° C. to 110 ° C.
  • the microorganisms when germinating microorganisms in the spore state, the microorganisms can be killed at a temperature lower than the standard sterilization treatment such as 90 ° C. to 110 ° C.
  • the germination cooling step S140 and the germination condition maintaining step S150 are performed to germinate the spore-like microorganism, and then the sterilization step S160 is performed, Kill germinated microorganisms.
  • the sterilization step S160 is performed, Kill germinated microorganisms.
  • the final cooling step S170 is a step for cooling the heated empty fruit bunches so as to be easily carried out by simply performing the sterilization step S160.
  • the empty fruit bunches may be cooled by standing to cool, or the controller 185 drives the cooling gas supply part 180 to supply the cooling gas to cool the empty fruit bunches. May be.
  • the unloading step S180 is a step of unloading the empty fruit bunches cooled to about room temperature by the final cooling step S170.
  • the empty fruit buns thus carried out are used effectively as fuel or as a raw material for ethanol.
  • biomass production system 100 biomass storage device 150
  • biomass production method using the biomass production system 100 it becomes a generation factor of hydrogen attached to the biomass (empty fruit bunch). Since microorganisms can be sterilized, the risk of spontaneous ignition by microorganisms can be reduced. Moreover, since microorganisms do not consume organic matter, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the amount of heat of biomass.
  • the cooking step S110 and the defruiting step S120 may be omitted. That is, the empty fruit bunches (accommodated) in the storage container 160 may be those that have been previously subjected to a steaming process and a fruit removal process.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a biomass production system 200 according to the first modification.
  • the biomass production system 200 according to the first modification includes a steaming device 110, a fruit removal device 120, and two biomass storage devices 150 (indicated by 150 ⁇ / b> A and 150 ⁇ / b> B in FIG. 4). . That is, compared with the biomass production system 100, the biomass production system 200 includes two biomass storage devices 150.
  • the biomass production system 200 includes two biomass storage devices 150.
  • a procedure for repeatedly carrying out sterilized biomass every day by providing two biomass storage devices 150 will be described.
  • FIG. 5 is a time chart of the two biomass storage devices 150A and 150B.
  • the steps to be performed are indicated by arrows.
  • the biomass storage device 150A On the first day, in the biomass storage device 150A, the charging step S130, the germination cooling step S140, and the germination condition maintaining step S150 are performed.
  • the biomass storage device 150B On the first day, the biomass storage device 150B does not perform the process.
  • the sterilization step S160, the final cooling step S170, and the unloading step S180 are performed in the biomass storage device 150A, and the charging step S130, the germination cooling step S140, and the germination condition maintaining step are performed in the biomass storage device 150B. Perform S150.
  • the charging step S130, the germination cooling step S140, and the germination condition maintaining step S150 are performed, and in the biomass storage device 150B, the sterilization step S160, the final cooling step S170, and the unloading step. S180 is performed.
  • the step of germinating the spore-like microorganism that is, the germination cooling step and the germination condition maintaining step
  • the germicidal step of sterilizing the germinated microorganism are alternately performed a plurality of times.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a biomass production system 300 according to the second modification.
  • the biomass production system 300 includes a steaming device 110, a fruit removal device 120, and three biomass storage devices 150 (indicated by 150 ⁇ / b> A, 150 ⁇ / b> B, and 150 ⁇ / b> C in FIG. 6). That is, compared with the biomass production system 100, the biomass production system 300 includes three biomass storage devices 150.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart for explaining a process flow of the biomass manufacturing method according to the second modification.
  • the biomass production method according to the second modification includes a steaming step S110, a defruiting step S120, a charging (accommodating) step S130, a germination cooling step S140, and a germination condition maintaining step S150.
  • the germination cooling step is performed after the sterilization step S160 and before the final cooling step S170.
  • S340, germination condition maintenance process S350, and sterilization process S360 are performed.
  • germination cooling step S340, germination condition maintaining step S350, and sterilization step S360 will be described in detail.
  • the germination cooling step S340 As in the germination cooling step S140, the germination cooling step S340, which is a part of the germination step, is performed by cooling or leaving the empty fruit bunch heated in the first sterilization step S160, so that the germination cooling step S340 can be continued.
  • a predetermined condition required for germination of the spore-like microorganism remaining in the empty fruit bunches is created.
  • the predetermined condition required for germination of spore-like microorganisms is that the empty fruit bunches are at room temperature (a predetermined temperature of 20 ° C. to 40 ° C.).
  • the empty fruit bunches may be cooled by allowing to cool (stand), or the control unit 185 drives the cooling gas supply unit 180 to supply the cooling gas, for example, for 30 minutes to
  • the empty fruit bunch may be cooled by allowing it to flow through the empty fruit bunch continuously for a predetermined time in 90 minutes.
  • the predetermined conditions required for germination of the spore-like microorganisms created in the germination cooling step S340 are set in advance in, for example, 16 hours to 3 days. Maintain for a specified time.
  • the spore-like microorganisms remaining in the empty fruit bunches can be germinated even in the first sterilization step S160.
  • the heating gas supply unit 170 supplies water vapor to the empty fruit bunches to which the germinated microorganisms adhere, The empty fruit bunch is heated.
  • the heating gas supply unit 170 supplies water vapor to the empty fruit bunches to which the germinated microorganisms adhere, The empty fruit bunch is heated.
  • the control unit 185 drives the heating gas supply unit 170 to supply the heating gas (here, water vapor having a predetermined temperature of 90 ° C. to 110 ° C.). For example, it is allowed to flow through the empty fruit bunch continuously for a predetermined time of 30 minutes to 90 minutes.
  • the heating gas here, water vapor having a predetermined temperature of 90 ° C. to 110 ° C.
  • it is allowed to flow through the empty fruit bunch continuously for a predetermined time of 30 minutes to 90 minutes.
  • the second germination cooling step S340 and the germination condition maintaining step S350 heating the empty fruit bunches to which germinated microorganisms adhere, thereby maintaining the predetermined conditions required for the death of the microorganisms. To do.
  • the predetermined condition required for the killing of the microorganisms is to bring the empty fruit bunches to a predetermined temperature of 90 ° C to 110 ° C.
  • the time for maintaining the predetermined condition is, for example, a predetermined time from 30 minutes to 90 minutes.
  • sterilization here means a process of killing microorganisms to such an extent that at least the occurrence of spontaneous ignition can be suppressed.
  • the germinated microorganisms are heated and sterilized at least twice (including the steaming step S110). Therefore, microorganisms attached to the biomass (empty fruit bunches) and causing hydrogen generation can be more effectively sterilized.
  • FIG. 8 is a time chart of the three biomass storage devices 150A, 150B, and 150C.
  • the steps to be performed are indicated by arrows.
  • the biomass storage device 150A for example, on the first day, in the biomass storage device 150A, the charging step S130, the germination cooling step S140, and the germination condition maintaining step S150 are performed.
  • the biomass storage devices 150B and 150C do not perform processing.
  • the sterilization step S160, the germination cooling step S340, and the germination condition maintaining step S350 are performed in the biomass storage device 150A, and the charging step S130, the germination cooling step S140, germination are performed in the biomass storage device 150B.
  • the condition maintaining step S150 is performed.
  • the biomass container 150C does not perform processing.
  • the sterilization step S360, the final cooling step S170, and the unloading step S180 are performed in the biomass storage device 150A, and the sterilization step S160, the germination cooling step S340, and the germination condition maintaining step are performed in the biomass storage device 150B.
  • S350 is performed, and in the biomass container 150C, the charging step S130, the germination cooling step S140, and the germination condition maintaining step S150 are performed.
  • the biomass storage device 150A performs the charging step S130, the germination cooling step S140, and the germination condition maintaining step S150, and in the biomass storage device 150B, the sterilization step S360, the final cooling step S170, and the unloading step. S180 is performed, and the sterilization process S160, the germination cooling process S340, and the germination condition maintaining process S350 are performed in the biomass container 150C.
  • the biomass production systems 100, 200, and 300 described above may further include a solid fuel conversion apparatus 190 illustrated in FIG.
  • the biomass storage device 150 constitutes a solid fuelizer 190 together with the pulverization unit 192, the drying unit 194, and the molding unit 196.
  • the pulverization unit 192, the drying unit 194, and the molding unit 196 are installed in order from the upstream side following the de-fruiting device 120, and the biomass storage device 150 is dried before the pulverization unit 192 and the pulverization unit 192. Between the parts 194, it is installed at any stage subsequent to the molding part 196.
  • any one of the pulverizing unit 192, the drying unit 194, and the forming unit 196 can be omitted depending on the state of the empty fruit bunches (shape, humidity, etc.). Moreover, you may further provide the solid fuelizer 190 and the means (not shown) which adds an additive to an empty fruit bunch.
  • the crushing unit 192 crushes the empty fruit buns by cutting, crushing, squeezing, etc. (pulverizing step S400).
  • the cell membrane of the empty fruit bunches before being processed in the pulverization step S400 may be fragile or destroyed by the steaming step S110. Therefore, in this case, by performing the pulverization step S400, the above-described cell membrane is further destroyed, and soluble organic substances such as monosaccharides and oligosaccharides that promote the growth of microorganisms and elution of potassium that is an inhibitory component during combustion Can be promoted.
  • drying unit 194 dries the empty fruit bunches using known heating means such as radiation and hot air (drying step S410).
  • drying process S410 the process in below-mentioned molding process S420 is made easy.
  • the molding unit 196 further processes the empty fruit bunch dried by the drying unit 194 into a powder, and further compresses the powder into granules using a predetermined mold or the like (molding step S420). A so-called pellet is obtained by this molding. By performing the molding step S420, the amount of heat per unit volume at the time of combustion can be increased.
  • the empty fruit bunch obtained by the fruit removal device 120 is put into the storage container 160. That is, this empty fruit bunch is heated by the sterilization step S160 (S360) in addition to the cooking step S110. Therefore, elution of the above-mentioned soluble organic matter and potassium can be further promoted.
  • the empty fruit bunch pulverized by the pulverization unit 192 is put into the storage container 160.
  • the empty fruit bunches are further pulverized by the pulverization unit 192. Therefore, in the sterilization step S160 (S360), the empty fruit bunches are easily heated to the details, and the empty fruit bunches can be sterilized in a short time and at a low cost.
  • Example The inventors of the present invention supplied 100 ° C. water vapor to the empty fruit bunches for 30 minutes on the first day, allowed to cool, and on the second day supplied 100 ° C. water vapor to the empty fruit bunches for 30 minutes, allowed to cool, On the third day, 100 ° C. water vapor was supplied to the empty fruit bunches for 30 minutes and allowed to cool to produce the sample of the example (empty fruit bunches of the example).
  • empty fruit bunches of this example untreated empty fruit bunches as comparative example 1, and empty fruit bunches subjected to standard sterilization treatment of comparative example 2 (maintained under saturated steam at 121 ° C. for 20 minutes), respectively About 5 g (wet weight) was collected, water having the same weight as the wet weight was added to each empty fruit bunches, stored in a sealed container, and stored at 30 ° C. for 10 days.
  • Comparative Example 1 As a result, in Comparative Example 1, 60% of the gas phase became carbon dioxide and 20% of the gas phase became hydrogen in 10 days. In Comparative Example 2, 15% of the gas phase was carbon dioxide. On the other hand, in the Examples, both carbon dioxide and hydrogen were hardly detected even after 30 days had passed (carbon dioxide less than 4%, hydrogen less than 0.1%). That is, in the examples, it was confirmed that the microorganisms were effectively sterilized (sufficiently from the viewpoint of preventing spontaneous ignition), no hydrogen was generated, and organic substances were consumed less (carbon dioxide was generated less).
  • the empty fruit buns of the examples have the same weight as the wet weight.
  • Water and soil suspension microorganism-containing liquid
  • the mixture was stored in a sealed container and stored at 30 ° C. for 1 month.
  • oil palm is used as a raw material and empty fruit bunches are used as an example of biomass, but biomass can be obtained by steaming the raw material.
  • biomass can be obtained by steaming the raw material.
  • herbaceous biomass such as rice straw may be used.
  • the heating gas supply unit 170 supplies water vapor as the heating gas.
  • the heating gas supply unit 170 heats at least the biomass to which the germinated microorganisms adhere and is predetermined for the killing of the microorganisms.
  • the gas species is not limited. For example, exhaust gas or air may be used.
  • cooling gas supply part 180 demonstrated the structure which ventilates air etc. from the downward direction of the biomass accommodated in the storage container 160, if a biomass can be cooled, there will be no limitation in a ventilation direction.
  • the positions and structures of the input port 160a and the carry-out port 160b may be in any form as long as the input work and the carry-out work are possible.
  • a door may be provided so that a cart loaded with empty fruit bunches can be introduced into the storage container 160 and carried out of the storage container 160.
  • the heating gas supply unit 170 supplies water vapor, thereby heating the biomass to which the germinated microorganisms adhere, and maintaining predetermined conditions required for killing the microorganisms.
  • the heating means is not limited as long as the predetermined conditions required for killing the microorganisms can be maintained.
  • the biomass may be heated by a heater, or far infrared rays may be irradiated.
  • the structure for repeating the cooling process for germination, the germination condition maintaining process, and the sterilization process is described twice, but it may be repeated three or more times.
  • each process of the biomass manufacturing method of this specification does not necessarily need to process in time series along the order described as a flowchart, and may process it in parallel.
  • the present invention can be used for a biomass manufacturing method for manufacturing biomass and a biomass storage device for storing biomass.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de production de biomasse qui comprend : une étape consistant à alimenter en vapeur d'eau une matière première (palmier à huile) et à traiter à la vapeur la matière première (étape (S110) de traitement à la vapeur) ; une étape de germination dans laquelle, par refroidissement de la biomasse (botte de fruit vide) obtenue par réalisation de ladite étape consistant à traiter à la vapeur, un état prédéfini nécessaire pour la germination des spores de micro-organismes fixés à la biomasse est créé et maintenu (étape (S140) de refroidissement pour la germination ; étape (S150) de maintien d'état de germination) ; et une étape dans laquelle, par chauffage de la biomasse à laquelle sont fixés les micro-organismes germés, un état prédéfini nécessaire pour détruire les micro-organismes est créé et maintenu (étape (S160) germicide (stérilisation)).
PCT/JP2014/051785 2013-09-30 2014-01-28 Procédé de production de biomasse et dispositif de logement de biomasse WO2015045430A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

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JP2015538924A JP6137327B2 (ja) 2013-09-30 2014-01-28 バイオマス製造方法およびバイオマス収容装置
MYPI2016701064A MY176220A (en) 2013-09-30 2014-01-28 Biomass production method and biomass storage apparatus

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JP2013-203134 2013-09-30

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018185804A1 (fr) * 2017-04-03 2018-10-11 株式会社Ihi Procédé de production de combustible

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05500305A (ja) * 1989-06-29 1993-01-28 マウイ　シイタケ　トレイディング　カンパニー，インコーポレイテッド しいたけ（Ｌｅｎｔｉｎｕｓ　ｅｄｏｄｅｓ）を含む菌類を培養するための基体及び方法
JP2007144317A (ja) * 2005-11-28 2007-06-14 Wada Kinzoku Kogyo Kk 有機性廃棄物処理装置及び有機性廃棄物処理方法
JP2007195956A (ja) * 2005-12-28 2007-08-09 Akira Matsui 常圧、低酸素下で滅菌性過熱水蒸気を利用した滅菌装置
WO2009069323A1 (fr) * 2007-11-28 2009-06-04 Jfe Engineering Corporation Procédé de fabrication d'éthanol à partir de rafles de palmier à huile, procédé de fabrication d'éthanol à partir de biomasse végétale et procédé de prétraitement de biomasse végétale avant saccharisation
JP2013527104A (ja) * 2010-03-23 2013-06-27 バイオマックス ホールディングズ ピーティーイー エルティーディー 有機廃棄物の処理

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05500305A (ja) * 1989-06-29 1993-01-28 マウイ　シイタケ　トレイディング　カンパニー，インコーポレイテッド しいたけ（Ｌｅｎｔｉｎｕｓ　ｅｄｏｄｅｓ）を含む菌類を培養するための基体及び方法
JP2007144317A (ja) * 2005-11-28 2007-06-14 Wada Kinzoku Kogyo Kk 有機性廃棄物処理装置及び有機性廃棄物処理方法
JP2007195956A (ja) * 2005-12-28 2007-08-09 Akira Matsui 常圧、低酸素下で滅菌性過熱水蒸気を利用した滅菌装置
WO2009069323A1 (fr) * 2007-11-28 2009-06-04 Jfe Engineering Corporation Procédé de fabrication d'éthanol à partir de rafles de palmier à huile, procédé de fabrication d'éthanol à partir de biomasse végétale et procédé de prétraitement de biomasse végétale avant saccharisation
JP2013527104A (ja) * 2010-03-23 2013-06-27 バイオマックス ホールディングズ ピーティーイー エルティーディー 有機廃棄物の処理

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018185804A1 (fr) * 2017-04-03 2018-10-11 株式会社Ihi Procédé de production de combustible

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JPWO2015045430A1 (ja) 2017-03-09
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