WO2015037967A1 - 이온 교환성 고분자 층을 포함하는 수처리 분리막 및 그 제조 방법 - Google Patents
이온 교환성 고분자 층을 포함하는 수처리 분리막 및 그 제조 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015037967A1 WO2015037967A1 PCT/KR2014/008621 KR2014008621W WO2015037967A1 WO 2015037967 A1 WO2015037967 A1 WO 2015037967A1 KR 2014008621 W KR2014008621 W KR 2014008621W WO 2015037967 A1 WO2015037967 A1 WO 2015037967A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- group
- water treatment
- membrane
- ion exchange
- formula
- Prior art date
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 49
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000000203 mixture Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
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- ZWUBBMDHSZDNTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Chloro-meta-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(Cl)C(N)=C1 ZWUBBMDHSZDNTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- TVCXTRSVWGUSPY-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;3,6-dihydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OC1=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C2C=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(O)=CC2=C1 TVCXTRSVWGUSPY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- RMBPEFMHABBEKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=C[CH]C=CC3=CC2=C1 RMBPEFMHABBEKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004592 isopropanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JFOZKMSJYSPYLN-QHCPKHFHSA-N lifitegrast Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC(C[C@H](NC(=O)C=2C(=C3CCN(CC3=CC=2Cl)C(=O)C=2C=C3OC=CC3=CC=2)Cl)C(O)=O)=C1 JFOZKMSJYSPYLN-QHCPKHFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940018564 m-phenylenediamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopropylene glycol Natural products CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCSAJNNLRCFZED-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitroethane Chemical compound CC[N+]([O-])=O MCSAJNNLRCFZED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethane Chemical compound C[N+]([O-])=O LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-biphenylenemethane Natural products C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005323 phenoxyethanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000306 polymethylpentene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011116 polymethylpentene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001955 polyphenylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HIFJUMGIHIZEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid;sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O.OS(O)(=O)=O HIFJUMGIHIZEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LXEJRKJRKIFVNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N terephthaloyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(Cl)=O)C=C1 LXEJRKJRKIFVNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroethylene Natural products ClCC(Cl)Cl UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/30—Polyalkenyl halides
- B01D71/32—Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/76—Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups B01D71/08 - B01D71/74
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/76—Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups B01D71/08 - B01D71/74
- B01D71/82—Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups B01D71/08 - B01D71/74 characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. introduced by chemical after-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/20—Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
- C08J5/22—Films, membranes or diaphragms
- C08J5/2206—Films, membranes or diaphragms based on organic and/or inorganic macromolecular compounds
- C08J5/2218—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- C08J5/2256—Synthetic macromolecular compounds based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions other than those involving carbon-to-carbon bonds, e.g. obtained by polycondensation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/025—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/027—Nanofiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
- B01D61/145—Ultrafiltration
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a water treatment separation membrane and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to a water treatment separation membrane and a method for producing the same by forming a polymer layer containing an ion exchange functional group to improve the permeate flow characteristics.
- Liquid separation is classified into Micro Filtration, Ultra Filtration, Nano Filtration, Reverse Osmosis, Sedimentation, Active Transport and Electrodialysis depending on the pore of the membrane.
- Water treatment separators developed to date are generally manufactured by a method of forming a support layer and / or an active layer using a polymer material on a support such as a nonwoven fabric.
- a polymer material for example, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polycarbonate, polyethylene oxide, polyimide, polyetherimide, polyether ether ketone, polypropylene, polymethylpentene, polymethyl chloride and polyvinylidene Fluoride etc. are used, and polysulfone is used especially especially.
- the polymer materials have excellent separation performance and good mechanical strength, but have hydrophobic properties, so that the permeate flow rate has been limited.
- the present invention is to solve the above problems, to provide a water treatment separation membrane having a high salt removal rate and increased permeate flow rate and a manufacturing method thereof.
- the invention is a support; And a polymer layer comprising a copolymer containing a hydrophilic repeat unit including an ion exchange functional group and a hydrophobic repeat unit on the support, wherein the polymer layer has an ion exchange capacity (IEC) of 0.02 meq / g to 2.4 meq.
- IEC ion exchange capacity
- the ion exchange functional group is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of -SO 3 M, -CO 3 M and -PO 3 M (wherein M is H, Na or K).
- the molar ratio of the hydrophilic repeat unit and the hydrophobic repeat unit is preferably 1: 9 to 1: 1.
- the polymer layer may have a thickness of 0.1 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
- the water treatment membrane when passing through the sodium chloride (NaCl) solution of 32,000ppm concentration at 800psi pressure, the initial salt removal rate is more than 97%, the initial permeate flow rate is preferably 38 to 48 gallon / ft 2 ⁇ day.
- NaCl sodium chloride
- the present invention provides a water treatment module comprising the water treatment membrane.
- the present invention comprises the steps of coating the support with a solution containing a solvent and a copolymer containing a hydrophilic repeat unit and a hydrophobic repeat unit comprising an ion exchange functional group; And immersing the coated support in a non-solvent to perform phase transition.
- the water treatment separation membrane according to the present invention comprises a polymer layer comprising a copolymer containing a hydrophilic repeating unit and an hydrophobic repeating unit including an ion exchange functional group on a support, thereby having a significantly higher permeate flow rate while having a superior salt removal rate.
- An increased water treatment separator can be provided.
- the mechanical strength and the separation performance are excellent, but because of the hydrophobicity, there is a limit in improving the permeate flow rate. Accordingly, the inventors of the present invention have been studied to develop a water treatment membrane that can improve the permeation flow rate while excellent in salt removal rate and mechanical strength, and thus, an ion exchange polymer having a specific ion exchange capacity on a support when preparing a water treatment membrane By forming the layer, it was found that the above object can be achieved, and the present invention was completed.
- the water treatment membrane according to the present invention is a support; And a polymer layer comprising a copolymer containing a hydrophilic repeat unit including an ion exchange functional group and a hydrophobic repeat unit on the support, wherein the polymer layer has an ion exchange capacity (ION EXCHANGE CAPACITY, IEC) of 0.02 meq / g to 2.4 meq / g.
- ION EXCHANGE CAPACITY, IEC 0.02 meq / g to 2.4 meq / g.
- any well-known in the art may be used without limitation, for example, it may be a nonwoven fabric.
- the material of the nonwoven fabric for example, polyester, polycarbonate, microporous polypropylene, polyphenylene ether, polyvinylidene fluoride may be used, but is not necessarily limited thereto.
- the polymer layer preferably comprises a copolymer containing a hydrophilic repeat unit and a hydrophobic repeat unit including an ion exchange functional group as an ion exchange polymer layer.
- ion exchange functional groups are defined as ion groups that provide movable relative ions for ion conduction.
- the ion exchange functional group usable in the present invention may be any one or more selected from the group consisting of -SO 3 M, -CO 3 M and -PO 3 M (wherein M is H, Na or K). More specifically, the ion exchange functional group is -SO 3 H, -SO 3 Na, -SO 3 K, -CO 2 H, -CO 2 Na, -CO 2 K, -PO 3 H, -PO 3 Na or- PO 3 K, particularly preferably -SO 3 H, -SO 3 Na.
- the ion exchange capacity (ION EXCHANGE CAPACITY, IEC) refers to the equivalent amount of ions that the ion exchange resin or polymer compound 1g can exchange, in the present invention, the number of moles of ion exchange functional groups contained per 1g copolymer ⁇ Ion values can be calculated as
- the unit of the ion exchange capacity is expressed in meq / g, and the higher the value of the ion exchange capacity means that the ability to exchange ions is greater, and the higher the ion exchange capacity, the higher the hydrophilicity of the polymer compound and the polymer layer. .
- the polymer layer of the present invention preferably has an ion exchange capacity of about 0.02 meq / g to about 2.4 meq / g, and more preferably about 0.02 meq / g to about 2.0 meq / g. If the ion exchange capacity is less than 0.02 meq / g, the hydrophilicity of the polymer layer is inferior, and there is a fear that the permeate flow rate is lowered at the time of producing the separator.
- the copolymer preferably includes the hydrophilic repeating unit and the hydrophobic repeating unit in a molar ratio of 1: 9 to 1: 1, and more preferably includes a molar ratio of 1: 5 to 1: 1.
- a water treatment separation membrane having excellent permeate flow rate and durability can be manufactured.
- the hydrophilic repeat unit is included in a small amount, the permeation flow rate may be low, and when the hydrophilic repeat unit is included in an excessive amount, phase transition may not be smoothly performed when the polymer layer is formed.
- the hydrophilic repeating unit including the ion exchange functional group may have a structure represented by the following Chemical Formula 1
- the hydrophobic repeating unit may have a structure represented by the following Chemical Formula 2.
- a and B are any one or more selected from the group consisting of the following functional groups, and may be overlapped or cross-selected.
- E is at least one selected from the group consisting of the following functional groups,
- R 1 to R 8 are each independently hydrogen or an ion exchange functional group, and more specifically, any one of R 1 to R 8 of A or B may be selected from -SO 3 M, -CO 3 M, or -PO 3 M ( In this case, M may be H, Na or K).
- F is at least one selected from the group consisting of the following functional groups,
- R 9 is hydrogen, methyl, —CF 3 or phenyl.
- the hydrophilic repeating unit may have a structure represented by the following Chemical Formula 3
- the hydrophobic repeating unit may have a structure represented by the following Chemical Formula 4.
- G is any one or more selected from the group consisting of the following functional groups,
- R 5 has an ion exchange functional group that is SO 3 M, —CO 3 M or —PO 3 M, wherein M is H, Na or K.
- H is at least one selected from the group consisting of the following functional groups.
- the weight average molecular weight of the copolymer including the repeating unit is preferably about 30,000 to 1,000,000. If the weight average molecular weight is less than 30,000, the durability of the water treatment separation membrane may be degraded. If the weight average molecular weight exceeds 1,000,000, the solvent may be difficult to select.
- the copolymer containing a hydrophilic repeating unit including the ion exchange functional group is formed using an aromatic compound containing an ion exchange functional group, as shown in the formula (1), the kind is not particularly limited .
- aromatic compound containing an ion exchange functional group examples include bisphenol monomers or aromatic dihalogen monomers having at least one sulfonic acid group or sulfonate group substituted in the benzene ring, and specifically, hydroquinone Hydroquinonesulfonic acid potassium salt, 2,7-dihydroxynaphthalene-3,6-disulfonic acid disodium salt, 1,7-di 1,7-dihydroxynaphthalene-3-sulfonic acid monosodium salt, 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene-6-sulfonic acid monosodium salt (2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene-6-sulfonic acid monosodium salt), potassium 5,5'-carnobylbis (2-fluorobenzene sulfonate) and potassium 2,2 '-[9,9- Bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) fluorene] sulfonate (potassium 2,2 '-[9,9-[9-
- each of the compounds listed above may be obtained through conventional routes in the art, or may be prepared by conventional methods.
- the potassium 5,5'-carnobylbis (2-fluorobenzene sulfonate) fuming sulfuric acid with 4,4'-difluorobenzophenone and 4,4'-difluorodiphenyl sulfone sulfuric acid) can be prepared by directsulfonation
- potassium 2,2 '-[9,9-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) fluorene] sulfonate is 9,9-bis (4-hydroxy Phenyl) fluorene can be prepared by sulfonating with chlorosulfuric acid (ClHSO3).
- the copolymer as shown in Formula 2, and includes a hydrophobic repeating unit, unlike the hydrophilic repeating unit, it may be formed using an aromatic compound containing no ion exchange functional group. Specifically, 9,9-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) fluorene (9, 9-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) fluorene) and the like can be used.
- the copolymer of the present invention may include an aromatic compound or a brancher, wherein the breaker refers to a compound capable of forming the main chain of the copolymer of the present invention.
- the specific kind of the aromatic compound or the brancher is not particularly limited.
- the aromatic compound include bisphenol monomers or aromatic dihalogen monomers, specifically 4,4'-difluorobenzophenone, and bis (4-fluorophenyl).
- Sulfone bis (4-fluorophenyl) sulfone
- 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane (2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane
- 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) Hexafluoropropane (2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) hexafluoropropane)
- 4,4'-biphenol (4,4-biphenol)
- the thickness of the polymer layer formed on the support as described above is preferably about 0.1 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, more preferably about 20 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m. If the thickness is less than 0.1 ⁇ m, the mechanical strength may be lowered and the durability of the separator may be lowered. If the thickness is larger than 200 ⁇ m, the permeate flow rate may be lowered.
- the polymer layer formed on the support of the present invention can serve as a support layer, it can be used as a two-layer water treatment membrane consisting of the support and the polymer layer.
- an active layer on the polymer layer it can be used as a water treatment separation membrane having a structure having three or more layers.
- the polyamide layer may be formed by the interfacial polymerization of the amine compound and the acyl halide compound, wherein the amine compound is not limited thereto, for example, m-phenylenediamine, p-phenylenediamine , 1,3,6-benzenetriamine, 4-chloro-1,3-phenylenediamine, 6-chloro-1,3-phenylenediamine, 3-chloro-1,4-phenylene diamine or mixtures thereof Is preferably.
- the acyl halide compound is an aromatic compound having 2 to 3 carboxylic acid halides, but is not limited thereto, for example, trimezoyl chloride, isophthaloyl chloride, terephthaloyl chloride or a mixture thereof. It is preferable.
- the polymer layer comprises a polymer layer comprising a copolymer containing a hydrophilic repeat unit and a hydrophobic repeat unit containing an ion exchange functional group as described above, the polymer layer has an ion exchange capacity (IEC) of 0.02 meq
- IEC ion exchange capacity
- the initial salt removal rate is 97% or more
- the initial permeate flow rate is about 38 to 48 gallon / ft 2 ⁇ day, preferably 97.2% or more And 38 to 45 gallon / ft 2 ⁇ day.
- the water treatment separation membrane including the component may be used as a micro filtration membrane, an ultra filtration membrane, a nano filtration membrane or a reverse osmosis membrane, and particularly preferably as a reverse osmosis membrane.
- a micro filtration membrane an ultra filtration membrane, a nano filtration membrane or a reverse osmosis membrane, and particularly preferably as a reverse osmosis membrane.
- the present invention also relates to a water treatment module comprising at least one water treatment separation membrane according to the present invention described above.
- the specific type of the water treatment module of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a plate & frame module, a tubular module, a hollow & fiber module or a spiral wound module. do.
- the water treatment module of the present invention includes the water treatment separation membrane of the present invention described above, other configurations and manufacturing methods are not particularly limited, and any general means known in the art may be employed without limitation.
- the water treatment membrane of the present invention comprises the steps of: 1) coating a support with a solution containing a solvent and a copolymer containing a hydrophilic repeat unit and a hydrophobic repeat unit comprising an ion exchange functional group; And (2) immersing the coated support in a non-solvent to perform phase transition.
- the solvent is not particularly limited as long as it can dissolve a high molecular compound including the copolymer of the present invention.
- the solvent methyl acetate, hydrazine, trichloromethane, diiodomethane, trichloroethylene, styrene, 2- Butanone (2-Butanone), Tetrahydrofuran (Cyclohexanone), Acetone (Acetone), Benzonitrile, Isophorone, 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol (2- Ethyl-1-hexanol), Dichloromethane, Dibutyl phthalate, 1,4-Dioxane, 1,2-Dichlorobenzene, 1 1,2-Dichloroethane, 2-Butoxyethanol, 1-Bromonaphthalene, Acetic acid, Epichlorohydrin, Benzaldehyde (Benzaldehyde), Morpholine, Acrylonitrile, Acetophenone, Pyridine, 2-But
- the method of forming the polymer layer on one surface of the support in step 1 may be performed by a method well known in the art, and the coating method is not particularly limited, but is well known in the art. Method, for example, by dipping, applying, spraying or the like.
- the coated support is immersed in a non-solvent (step 2). That is, at this time, the exchange between the solvent and the non-solvent including the copolymer occurs to extract a solvent, a separator coated with a polymer on the support is prepared.
- Non-solvents suitable for the present invention include, but are not limited to, pure liquids including primary distilled water, tertiary distilled water, alcohols, and mixtures thereof.
- a polymer layer is prepared using a phase change phenomenon (Marcel Mulder, "Basic principles of membrane technology", Published by Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1996). Specifically, when the support coated with the polymer layer is immersed in a non-solvent coagulation bath filled with non-solvent tertiary distilled water, the solvent in the solution containing the polymer compound including the copolymer is introduced into the non-solvent tertiary distilled water. On the other hand, the polymer compound does not dissolve in the non-solvent, thereby forming a polymer phase and pores.
- a phase change phenomenon Marcel Mulder, "Basic principles of membrane technology", Published by Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1996.
- the method of manufacturing a water treatment separation membrane according to the present invention may further comprise the step of forming an active layer on the polymer layer.
- the reaction was carried out at 180 ° C. for 20 hours. After the reaction is completed, the mixture is gradually cooled to room temperature. To remove DMSO, the flask containing the synthesized polymer solution is slowly tilted to deposit in methanol. After the deposited polymer was collected and washed several times with water, the washed polymer was heated and dried using a vacuum pump to obtain a copolymer having an ion exchange functional group.
- the ion exchange capacity of the polymer layer containing the obtained copolymer is as shown in Table 1 below.
- a polymer layer having an ion exchange capacity of 2.5 meq / g was prepared according to Preparation Example 6, and then a polyamide active layer was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 to prepare a water treatment separation membrane.
- Initial salt rejection rate and initial permeation flux of the water treatment membranes prepared in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 were evaluated in the following manner.
- the initial salt excretion rate and initial permeate flux were measured while supplying an aqueous sodium chloride solution at 25 ° C. at a concentration of 4500 mL / min at 800 psi pressure at a concentration of 32,000 ppm, respectively.
- the water treatment membrane cell apparatus used for the membrane evaluation was provided with a flat plate permeation cell, a high pressure pump, a storage tank and a cooling device, and the structure of the flat plate permeation cell was 28 cm 2 in a cross-flow manner.
- the washed water treatment membrane was installed in the permeation cell, and then preliminarily operated for about 1 hour using tertiary distilled water to stabilize the evaluation equipment. Subsequently, the equipment was operated for about 1 hour until the pressure and permeate flow rate reached normal state by replacing with 32,000ppm aqueous sodium chloride solution, and then the flow rate was calculated by measuring the amount of water permeated for 10 minutes. The salt exclusion rate was calculated by analyzing the salt concentration before and after permeation. The measurement results are shown in [Table 2].
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
구분 | 제조예1 | 제조예2 | 제조예3 | 제조예4 | 제조예5 | 제조예6 |
4,4'-디플루오로벤조페논 (mol) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
하이드로퀴논 술폰산 포타슘염 (mol) | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.047 | 0.095 |
9,9-비스(히드록시페닐)플루오렌 (mol) | 0.09 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.053 | 0.004 |
포타슘 카보네이트 (mol) | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.21 |
이온 교환 용량 (meq/g) | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 2.5 |
분류 | 염제거율 (%) | 투과유량 (GFD) |
실시예 1 | 97.2 | 38.0 |
실시예 2 | 97.8 | 40.0 |
실시예 3 | 98.0 | 44.9 |
실시예 4 | 97.9 | 43.3 |
실시예 5 | 97.5 | 41.8 |
비교예 1 | 97.1 | 35.1 |
비교예 2 | 90.5 | 32.7 |
Claims (15)
- 지지체; 및상기 지지체 상에 이온 교환 작용기를 포함하는 친수성 반복 단위와 소수성 반복 단위를 함유하는 공중합체를 포함하는 고분자 층을 포함하고,상기 고분자 층은 이온 교환 용량(IEC)이 0.02 meq/g 내지 2.4 meq/g인 수처리 분리막.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 이온 교환 작용기는 -SO3M, -CO3M 또는 -PO3M(이때, 상기 M은 H, Na 또는 K)로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 어느 하나 이상인 것인 수처리 분리막.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 친수성 반복 단위 및 소수성 반복 단위의 몰비는 1:9 내지 1:1인 수처리 분리막.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 친수성 반복 단위는 하기 화학식 1이고, 상기 소수성 반복 단위는 하기 화학식 2인 수처리 분리막.[화학식1]상기 A 및 B는 하기 작용기들로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 어느 하나 이상이며, 중복 또는 교차 선택될 수 있고,상기 E는 하기 작용기들로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 어느 하나 이상이며,상기 A 또는 B의 R1 내지 R8 중 어느 하나는 -SO3M, -CO3M 또는 -PO3M(이때, 상기 M은 H, Na 또는 K)인 이온 교환 작용기를 갖는다.[화학식2]상기 C 및 D는 하기 작용기들로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 어느 하나 이상이며, 중복 또는 교차 선택될 수 있고,상기 F는 하기 작용기들로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 어느 하나 이상이고,상기 R9는 수소, 메틸, -CF3 또는 페닐이다.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 공중합체는 중량평균분자량이 30,000 내지 1,000,000인 수처리 분리막.
- 제 1항에 있어서,상기 고분자 층은 두께가 0.1㎛ 내지 200㎛인 수처리 분리막.
- 제 1항에 있어서,상기 수처리 분리막은 32,000ppm 농도의 염화나트륨(NaCl)용액을 800psi 압력으로 통과 시, 초기 염제거율이 97% 이상이고, 초기 투과유량이 38 내지 48 gallon/ft2·day인 수처리 분리막.
- 제 1항에 있어서,상기 고분자 층 상에 하나 이상의 활성층이 형성된 수처리 분리막.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 수처리 분리막은 정밀 여과막, 한외 여과막, 나노 여과막 또는 역삼투막인 수처리 분리막.
- 제1항 내지 제10항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 수처리 분리막을 포함하는 수처리 모듈.
- 이온 교환 작용기를 포함하는 친수성 반복 단위와 소수성 반복 단위를 함유하는 공중합체 및 용매를 포함하는 용액으로 지지체를 코팅하는 단계; 및상기 코팅한 지지체를 비용매에 담가 상전이를 수행하는 단계를 포함하는 수처리 분리막 제조 방법.
- 제12항에 있어서,상기 이온 교환 작용기는 -SO3M, -CO3M 및 -PO3M (이때, 상기 M은 H, Na 또는 K)로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 어느 하나 이상인 수처리 분리막 제조 방법.
- 제12항에 있어서,상기 공중합체는 하기 화학식 1 및 화학식 2로 표시되는 반복 단위를 함유하는 공중합체인 수처리 분리막 제조 방법.[화학식1]상기 A 및 B는 하기 작용기들로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 어느 하나 이상이며, 중복 또는 교차 선택될 수 있고,상기 E는 하기 작용기들로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 어느 하나 이상이며,상기 A 또는 B의 R1 내지 R8 중 어느 하나는 -SO3M, -CO3M 또는 -PO3M(이때, 상기 M은 H, Na 또는 K)인 이온 교환 작용기를 갖는다.[화학식2]상기 C 및 D는 하기 작용기들로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 어느 하나 이상이며, 중복 또는 교차 선택될 수 있고,상기 F는 하기 작용기들로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 어느 하나 이상이고,상기 R9는 수소, 메틸, -CF3 또는 페닐이다.
- 제12항에 있어서,상기 비용매가 1차 증류수, 3차 증류수, 알코올류 및 이들의 혼합물로 구성된 군으로부터 선택되는 것인 수처리 분리막 제조 방법.
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US15/021,847 US10279320B2 (en) | 2013-09-16 | 2014-09-16 | Water-treatment separation membrane comprising ionic exchangeable polymer layer and method for forming same |
CN201480056981.XA CN105705221B (zh) | 2013-09-16 | 2014-09-16 | 包含可离子交换聚合物层的水处理分离膜及其形成方法 |
JP2016544288A JP6302074B2 (ja) | 2013-09-16 | 2014-09-16 | イオン交換性高分子層を含む水処理分離膜およびその製造方法 |
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