WO2015037286A1 - 復帰機構、加速機構、発電装置、発信装置、およびスイッチ装置 - Google Patents
復帰機構、加速機構、発電装置、発信装置、およびスイッチ装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015037286A1 WO2015037286A1 PCT/JP2014/064457 JP2014064457W WO2015037286A1 WO 2015037286 A1 WO2015037286 A1 WO 2015037286A1 JP 2014064457 W JP2014064457 W JP 2014064457W WO 2015037286 A1 WO2015037286 A1 WO 2015037286A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1869—Linear generators; sectional generators
- H02K7/1876—Linear generators; sectional generators with reciprocating, linearly oscillating or vibrating parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05G—CONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
- G05G5/00—Means for preventing, limiting or returning the movements of parts of a control mechanism, e.g. locking controlling member
- G05G5/05—Means for returning or tending to return controlling members to an inoperative or neutral position, e.g. by providing return springs or resilient end-stops
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05G—CONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
- G05G1/00—Controlling members, e.g. knobs or handles; Assemblies or arrangements thereof; Indicating position of controlling members
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
- H01H13/02—Details
- H01H13/26—Snap-action arrangements depending upon deformation of elastic members
- H01H13/28—Snap-action arrangements depending upon deformation of elastic members using compression or extension of coil springs
- H01H13/30—Snap-action arrangements depending upon deformation of elastic members using compression or extension of coil springs one end of spring transmitting movement to the contact member when the other end is moved by the operating part
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H5/00—Snap-action arrangements, i.e. in which during a single opening operation or a single closing operation energy is first stored and then released to produce or assist the contact movement
- H01H5/02—Energy stored by the attraction or repulsion of magnetic parts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H5/00—Snap-action arrangements, i.e. in which during a single opening operation or a single closing operation energy is first stored and then released to produce or assist the contact movement
- H01H5/04—Energy stored by deformation of elastic members
- H01H5/06—Energy stored by deformation of elastic members by compression or extension of coil springs
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H5/00—Snap-action arrangements, i.e. in which during a single opening operation or a single closing operation energy is first stored and then released to produce or assist the contact movement
- H01H5/04—Energy stored by deformation of elastic members
- H01H5/06—Energy stored by deformation of elastic members by compression or extension of coil springs
- H01H5/08—Energy stored by deformation of elastic members by compression or extension of coil springs one end of spring transmitting movement to the contact member when the other end is moved by the operating part
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H5/00—Snap-action arrangements, i.e. in which during a single opening operation or a single closing operation energy is first stored and then released to produce or assist the contact movement
- H01H5/04—Energy stored by deformation of elastic members
- H01H5/14—Energy stored by deformation of elastic members by twisting of torsion members
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H5/00—Snap-action arrangements, i.e. in which during a single opening operation or a single closing operation energy is first stored and then released to produce or assist the contact movement
- H01H5/04—Energy stored by deformation of elastic members
- H01H5/18—Energy stored by deformation of elastic members by flexing of blade springs
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K35/00—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit
- H02K35/06—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit with moving flux distributors, and both coil systems and magnets stationary
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05G—CONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
- G05G1/00—Controlling members, e.g. knobs or handles; Assemblies or arrangements thereof; Indicating position of controlling members
- G05G1/02—Controlling members for hand actuation by linear movement, e.g. push buttons
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
- H01H13/02—Details
- H01H13/26—Snap-action arrangements depending upon deformation of elastic members
- H01H13/28—Snap-action arrangements depending upon deformation of elastic members using compression or extension of coil springs
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
- H01H13/02—Details
- H01H13/26—Snap-action arrangements depending upon deformation of elastic members
- H01H13/36—Snap-action arrangements depending upon deformation of elastic members using flexing of blade springs
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H19/00—Switches operated by an operating part which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof and which is acted upon directly by a solid body external to the switch, e.g. by a hand
- H01H19/02—Details
- H01H19/10—Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon
- H01H19/20—Driving mechanisms allowing angular displacement of the operating part to be effective in either direction
- H01H19/24—Driving mechanisms allowing angular displacement of the operating part to be effective in either direction acting with snap action
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H2239/00—Miscellaneous
- H01H2239/076—Key stroke generating power
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
- H02K7/1861—Rotary generators driven by animals or vehicles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power generation device, a transmission device, and a switch device including a return mechanism, an acceleration mechanism, and a return mechanism.
- the return mechanism of the operation unit such as a switch is required to reliably return the position of the operation unit.
- the return mechanism is required to be able to operate the operation unit with a smaller force.
- Patent Document 1 describes a locking piece mounting device that applies force to an operation lever by a composite spring mechanism composed of two springs.
- the composite spring mechanism returns the operation lever.
- Patent Document 2 describes an electromagnetic energy converter that includes a magnet, a coil, a movable part, and a spring, and converts mechanical energy of the movable part into electric energy.
- a spring is connected to the movable part, and the spring applies a force to the movable part so as to return the movable part to a predetermined position.
- the power generation efficiency is higher when the operating part is displaced faster.
- the force required for the operation is small and that the operating part is displaced at high speed with respect to the operation.
- the return mechanism may be required to have a small force required for the operation and to displace the operation unit at a high speed with respect to the operation.
- An object according to one aspect of the present invention is to realize a return mechanism in which a force required for an operation is small and an operation unit can be displaced at a high speed with respect to the operation.
- the operation unit and the return mechanism of the operation unit include an operation unit, an operation unit, a base unit, a first spring that operates between the operation unit and the operation unit, the operation unit, and the base unit.
- a second spring that works between the first position and the second position by an external force, and the second section moves from the second position to the first position by a force applied from the second spring.
- the motion unit moves between a third position and a fourth position in response to movement of the operation unit between the first position and the second position, and the first spring is
- the operating portion is moved by elastic energy accumulated by at least one of an external force applied to the operating portion and a force applied from the second spring, and the second spring is applied to the operating portion.
- the operation unit is returned to the first position by a ghee, and the operation unit includes the operation when the operation unit is at least one of the third position and the fourth position.
- a holding force is exerted to hold the part in the position, and the direction in which the force of the second spring is applied to the operation part when the operation part is in the first position is that the operation part is in the second position.
- the component of the movement direction of the operation unit of the force of the second spring is not the direction in which the force of the second spring is applied to the operation unit when in the position. Is positive, and the operation unit is smaller in the second position than in the first position.
- the acceleration mechanism of the operation unit includes an operation unit, an operation unit, a base unit, a first spring that works between the operation unit and the operation unit, and between the operation unit and the base unit.
- a third spring acting on the operating portion the operating portion is moved from the first position to the second position by an external force, and the operating portion is located between the first position and the second position of the operating portion.
- the first spring moves between the third position and the fourth position, and the first spring moves the operation part by elastic energy accumulated by an external force applied to the operation part.
- the third spring is in the third position.
- the direction applied to the movement portion is not parallel to the direction in which the force of the third spring is applied to the movement portion when the movement portion is in the fourth position.
- the direction component is smaller when the operating unit is at the fourth position than when the operating unit is at the third position, with the direction in which the operating unit returns from the fourth position to the third position being positive. It is characterized by that.
- the moving part can be moved at high speed regardless of the operation speed. Moreover, the maximum value of the external force required for operation of the operation unit can be reduced.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an outline of operation and return operation of the return mechanism 100 of Reference Example 1.
- the return mechanism 100 includes an operation unit 101, an operation unit 102, a base unit 103, an acceleration spring 111, and a return spring 112.
- the acceleration spring 111 connects the operation unit 101 and the operation unit 102.
- the return spring 112 connects the operation unit 101 and the base unit 103.
- the direction in which the return spring 112 acts on the operation unit 101 is parallel to the direction in which the acceleration spring 111 acts on the operation unit 101.
- the operation unit 101 can be displaced between the first position and the second position.
- the operation unit 102 can be displaced between the third position and the fourth position.
- the base part 103 is fixed.
- the direction in which the operation unit 101 can be displaced, the direction in which the operation unit 102 can be displaced, the direction in which the return spring 112 works, and the direction in which the acceleration spring 111 works are parallel to each other.
- the operating unit 102 When the operating unit 102 is in the third position, the operating unit 102 has a holding force so as to hold the operating unit 102 in the third position. When the operating unit 102 is in the fourth position, the operating unit 102 has a holding force so as to hold the operating unit 102 in the fourth position.
- FIG. 19A shows an initial state of the return mechanism 100.
- the initial state is a state where no external force is applied to the operation unit 101.
- the operation unit 102 In the initial state, the operation unit 102 is held at the third position by the holding force.
- the operation unit 101 In the initial state, the operation unit 101 is pressed to the first position by the restoring force of the compressed return spring 112.
- FIG. 19B shows a state where the operation unit 101 is displaced by applying an operation force (operation force) to the operation unit 101.
- operation force operation force
- the operation unit 101 is displaced from the first position to the second position.
- the return spring 112 and the acceleration spring 111 are compressed.
- the operating unit 102 is moved by the acceleration spring 111 when the restoring force of the compressed acceleration spring 111 exceeds the holding force and the accumulated elastic energy is released. That is, the operation unit 102 is moved at high speed by the acceleration spring 111 regardless of the movement speed of the operation unit 101.
- the operation unit 101 When the operation force on the operation unit 101 is lost, the operation unit 101 starts to move from the second position to the first position by the restoring force of the compressed return spring 112 ((e) of FIG. 19). At this time, the operation unit 102 remains held at the fourth position by the holding force. Therefore, according to the displacement of the operation unit 101, the acceleration spring 111 is extended from the natural length ((e) and (f) in FIG. 19). The operation unit 101 is displaced to the first position.
- the operating portion 102 When the restoring force of the extended acceleration spring 111 becomes larger than the holding force acting on the operating portion 102, the operating portion 102 is displaced from the fourth position to the third position by the restoring force of the extended acceleration spring 111 ( FIG. 19 (g)). The operation unit 102 displaced to the third position is held at the third position as it is by the holding force ((h) in FIG. 19). Thus, the operation at the time of return of the operation unit 101 and the operation unit 102 is completed.
- the operating unit 102 is moved by the acceleration spring 111 when the restoring force of the extended acceleration spring 111 exceeds the holding force and the accumulated elastic energy is released. That is, the operation unit 102 is moved at a high speed by the acceleration spring 111 regardless of the motion speed of the operation unit 101 to be restored.
- the return spring 112, the acceleration spring 111, and the holding force acting on the operation unit 102 can move the operation unit 102 at a high speed by the acceleration spring 111 regardless of the movement speed of the operation unit 101. it can.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating the FS characteristics of the return mechanism 100 of Reference Example 1.
- the horizontal axis indicates S (stroke) of the operation unit 101, and the vertical axis indicates F (force).
- FIG. 20 shows the force (restoring force) of the acceleration spring 111, the force of the return spring 112, and the operating force.
- the force required for the user to operate the operation unit 101 is the operation force.
- the operation force required for the operation at each stroke position is a resultant force of the return spring force and the acceleration spring force.
- a positive force indicates that an upward force (from the second position to the first position) is applied to the operation unit 101.
- the necessary operating force can also be referred to as an upward force (returning force) for returning the operation unit 101.
- the natural spring length is 0 for each spring.
- the force of the return spring 112 is constant. This assumes an ideal situation where the return spring 112 has a small spring constant and is largely compressed in advance at the initial position. Actually, the force of the return spring 112 also increases linearly as the stroke increases. In all strokes, the return spring 112 is compressed from its natural length. When the force of the acceleration spring 111 is negative, the acceleration spring 111 is extended from the natural length. When the force of the acceleration spring 111 is positive, the acceleration spring 111 is compressed from its natural length.
- the initial state shown in FIG. 19A corresponds to, for example, when the operation unit 101 is at the position of the stroke S0.
- the state shown in FIG. 19D corresponds to, for example, when the operation unit 101 is at the position of the stroke S3.
- the first position of the operation unit 101 may be between the strokes S0 and S1.
- the second position of the operation unit 101 may be between the strokes S2 and S3.
- the return force (operation force necessary for operation) applied to the operation unit 101 is hysteresis.
- the return force In order to prevent the return operation from stopping halfway, the return force must always be positive. Therefore, the spring force of the return spring 112 is set so that the return force becomes positive even when the acceleration spring 111 is extended to the maximum (S1). That is, the spring force of the return spring 112 must be greater than the holding force acting on the operating portion 102 at the fourth position in the stroke S1.
- the maximum operating force Fmax required for the operation is a value when the stroke S2 is reached during the operation. Actually, the restoring force of the return spring 112 increases linearly as the stroke increases, so the maximum operating force Fmax is further increased. This means that the user must apply a large operating force to the operation unit 101.
- Embodiment 1 Embodiments according to the present invention will be described below.
- the structure regarding the spring corresponding to the return spring is different.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a return mechanism 10 of the present embodiment.
- the present embodiment relates to a return mechanism that requires a small operating force in a return mechanism in which the operation unit 11 and the operation unit 12 are self-recovered and the operation unit 12 operates at a high speed regardless of the operation speed. Due to the holding force acting on the first spring 1 and the operation unit 12, the operation unit 12 can be operated at a high speed.
- the second spring 2 can realize self-return of the operation unit 11 and the operation unit 12.
- the present embodiment by devising the configuration (arrangement) of the second spring 2, the necessary operating force is reduced as compared with the return mechanism of the reference example 1.
- the return mechanism 10 includes an operation unit 11, an operation unit 12, a base unit 13, a first spring 1, and a second spring 2.
- the first spring 1 connects the operation unit 11 and the operation unit 12.
- the second spring 2 connects the operation unit 11 and the base unit 13.
- the base part 13 is fixed.
- the operation unit 11 and the operation unit 12 are movable along the stroke axis S.
- the direction in which the first spring 1 applies a force to the operation unit 11 is parallel to the direction in which the operation unit 11 can move.
- the direction in which the second spring 2 applies a force to the operation unit 11 is inclined with respect to the direction in which the operation unit 11 can move.
- An angle between the direction in which the second spring 2 applies a force to the operation unit 11 and the stroke axis S is defined as ⁇ .
- One end of the second spring 2 connected to the base portion 13 does not move.
- the other end of the second spring 2 connected to the operation unit 11 moves in accordance with the movement of the operation unit 11. Therefore, when the operation unit 11 moves along the stroke axis S, the angle ⁇ also changes.
- the operation point 11a on the operation unit 11 is considered as a reference for the displacement of the operation unit 11.
- any point on the operation unit 11 is translated in the same manner.
- the operation point 11 a may be an arbitrary point on the operation unit 11.
- an arbitrary operating point 12a on the operating unit 12 that translates is used as a reference for displacement of the operating unit 12.
- the operation point 11a of the operation unit 11 can be displaced along the stroke axis S between the first position and the second position.
- the operating point 12a of the operating unit 12 can be displaced along the stroke axis S between the third position and the fourth position.
- the operating unit 12 When the operating point 12a is in the third position, the operating unit 12 has a holding force so as to hold the operating point 12a in the third position.
- the holding force is applied to the operating unit 12 so as to hold the operating point 12a in the fourth position.
- the operating unit 12 is held at each position by the magnetic force acting at the third position and the fourth position.
- the fact that the operation point 11a is at the first position may be expressed as the operation unit 11 being at the first position.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an outline of operation and return operation of the return mechanism 10 of the present embodiment.
- the user moves (moves) the operation unit 11 by applying an operation force to the operation unit 11 as an external force.
- the operation unit 12 is displaced according to the displacement of the operation unit 11.
- the return mechanism 10 provides a function. For example, when the return mechanism 10 is applied to a power generation device as will be described later, power is generated by movement (movement) of the operation unit 12.
- FIG. 2 shows an initial state of the return mechanism 10.
- the initial state is a state where no external force is applied to the operation unit 11.
- the operation unit 12 In the initial state, the operation unit 12 is held at the third position by the holding force.
- the operating point 11 a is pressed to the first position by the restoring force of the compressed second spring 2.
- the angle ⁇ when the operating point 11a is at the first position is ⁇ 1.
- the angle ⁇ is an angle between the direction in which the operation unit 11 (operation point 11a) returns and the direction in which the restoring force of the second spring 2 is applied to the operation unit 11.
- FIG. 2B shows a state in which the operation unit 11 is displaced by applying an operation force (operation force) to the operation unit 11.
- operation force operation force
- the direction in which the force of the second spring 2 is applied to the operating portion 11 when the operating point 11a is in the first position is the direction in which the force of the second spring 2 is applied to the operating portion 11 when the operating point 11a is in the second position. Is not parallel to
- the angle ⁇ when the operation point 11a is at the second position is ⁇ 2.
- the component along the stroke axis S of the restoring force of the second spring 2 acting on the operating unit 11 is cos ⁇ 2. 0 ° ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 180 °, and cos ⁇ 1> cos ⁇ 2. That is, the component along the stroke axis S of the restoring force of the second spring 2 acting on the operation unit 11 (the component in which the direction in which the operation unit 11 returns is positive) is greater in the second position than in the first position. Is smaller. Therefore, when the user operates the operation unit 11, the repulsive force by the second spring 2 gradually decreases. This means that the operation force necessary for the operation of the return mechanism 10 is reduced compared to the reference example 1.
- the operating unit 12 is moved by the first spring 1 when the restoring force of the compressed first spring 1 exceeds the holding force and the accumulated elastic energy is released. That is, the operating unit 12 is moved at high speed by the first spring 1 regardless of the movement speed of the operation unit 11.
- the operation unit 11 When the operation force on the operation unit 11 is lost, the operation unit 11 starts to move from the second position to the first position by the compressed restoring force of the second spring 2 ((e) in FIG. 2). At this time, the operating unit 12 remains held at the fourth position by the holding force. Therefore, according to the displacement of the operation part 11, the 1st spring 1 is expand
- the operating part 12 is moved by the first spring 1 when the restoring force of the extended first spring 1 exceeds the holding force and the accumulated elastic energy is released. That is, the operating unit 12 is moved at a high speed by the first spring 1 regardless of the motion speed of the operating unit 11 to be restored.
- the second spring 2, the first spring 1, and the holding force acting on the operation unit 12 can move the operation unit 12 at a high speed by the first spring 1 regardless of the movement speed of the operation unit 11. it can.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the FS characteristics of the return mechanism 10 of the present embodiment.
- the horizontal axis indicates S (stroke) of the operation unit 11, and the vertical axis indicates F (force).
- FIG. 3 shows the force of the first spring 1 (first spring force), the force of the second spring 2 (second spring force), and the operating force.
- the operation force required for the operation at each stroke position is a resultant force of the first spring force and the second spring force.
- the positive force indicates that an upward force (from the second position to the first position) is applied to the operation unit 11.
- the illustrated second spring force is a component of the stroke axis S of the force acting on the operation unit 11.
- a component of the stroke axis S is obtained by multiplying the restoring force of the second spring 2 by cos ⁇ .
- the state of the second spring 2 at the first position is shown at the upper left of the FS characteristic, and the state of the second spring 2 at the second position is shown at the upper right.
- the state shown in FIG. 2D corresponds to, for example, when the operation unit 11 is at the position of the stroke S3.
- the first position of the operation unit 11 may be between the top dead center (S0) of the operation unit 11 and the stroke S1.
- the second position of the operation unit 11 may be between the stroke S2 and the bottom dead center (S3) of the operation unit 11.
- the negative second spring force means that the angle ⁇ exceeds 90 °. Even if the angle ⁇ exceeds 90 ° and the force of the second spring 2 is applied downward to the operation unit 11, the upward force of the first spring 1 increases so as to cancel it. Therefore, the total restoring force is positive (works upward). Therefore, even if the angle ⁇ exceeds 90 ° at the second position, if the return force is positive, the operation unit 11 returns.
- the return force (operation force necessary for operation) applied to the operation unit 11 becomes hysteresis.
- the return force In order to prevent the return operation from stopping halfway, the return force must always be positive. Therefore, the spring force of the second spring 2 is set so that the restoring force becomes positive even when the first spring 1 is extended to the maximum (S1). That is, the second spring force must be greater than the holding force acting on the operating portion 12 at the fourth position in the stroke S1.
- the maximum operating force Fmax necessary for the operation is a value between the strokes S0 and S2 during the operation.
- Fmax only needs to be larger than the holding force acting on the operating portion 12 in the fourth position. Therefore, compared with the reference example 1, in the return mechanism 10 of the present embodiment, the user can operate the operation unit 11 with a small operation force. Further, the operation unit 12 can be operated at high speed by the elastic energy accumulated in the first spring 1. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the operation load without increasing the stroke amount of the operation unit and improve the operability.
- the slope of the operating force can be adjusted as appropriate. That is, operability can be improved.
- the inclination of the second spring force in the FS characteristic depends on the inclination of the second spring 2 with respect to the stroke axis S, the degree of compression of the second spring 2, the spring constant of the second spring 2, and the like.
- connection between the second spring 2 and the operation unit 11 and the base unit 13 may not be fixed.
- the 2nd spring 2 should just be arrange
- the operation unit 11 and the operation unit 12 may each be composed of a plurality of parts. It is important that the forces of the first spring 1 and the second spring 2 work as shown in FIG.
- the base portion 13 may not be fixed as long as it restricts a change in the position of one end of the second spring 2.
- the return mechanism can be configured such that the first spring is extended during operation and the first spring is compressed during return.
- the first spring is extended in response to the operation unit 11 being displaced downward (second position).
- the operating part 12 is displaced downward (fourth position) by the extended first spring.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of the FS characteristic of the return mechanism 10.
- 4A shows the configuration of the return mechanism 10
- FIG. 4B shows a specific example of the FS characteristic.
- the horizontal axis of (b) of FIG. 4 shows the stroke of the operation part 11, and a vertical axis
- FIG. 4B shows the first spring force, the second spring force, and the operation load (operation force) during operation (going) and return (returning).
- the first spring 1 is a coil spring, its natural length is 9.36 [mm], and the spring constant is 5.45 [N / mm].
- the second spring 2 is a torsion spring having a free angle of 1.46 [rad], a spring constant of 192 [N ⁇ mm / rad], and an arm length of 6 [mm].
- the distance L between both ends of the second spring 2 in the direction perpendicular to the stroke axis S is 4 [mm].
- Each holding force in the third position and the fourth position is 3 [N].
- the stroke of the operation unit 12 is 0.6 [mm].
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of the holding force.
- FIG. 5A shows a case where magnetic force is used as the holding force.
- the return mechanism includes two magnets 21 a and 21 b that are opposed to each other with the operation unit 12 interposed therebetween.
- the operation unit 12 is a ferromagnetic material.
- the operation unit 12 at the third position is held at the third position by the magnetic force of the upper magnet 21a, and the operation unit 12 at the fourth position is held at the fourth position by the magnetic force of the lower magnet 21b.
- the two magnets 21a and 21b may be connected at a location not shown.
- FIG. 5 shows the case where an adhesive force is used as the holding force.
- the return mechanism includes two supports 22a and 22b that are opposed to each other with the operation unit 12 interposed therebetween.
- Adhesive bodies 23a and 23b are provided on the upper and lower sides of the operating unit 12, respectively.
- the operation unit 12 is held at the third position and the fourth position by the adhesive bodies 23a and 23b sticking to the support bodies 22a and 22b.
- the adhesive bodies 23a and 23b may be provided on the opposing surfaces of the two support bodies 22a and 22b, respectively.
- FIG. 5 shows the case where a snap fit is used as a holding mechanism.
- the return mechanism includes two supports 22a and 22b that are opposed to each other with the operation unit 12 interposed therebetween.
- the return mechanism includes an elastic body 24 that presses the operating unit 12 to the third position or the fourth position. When the operating unit 12 moves, the elastic body 24 is elastically deformed.
- FIG. 5 shows the case where a spring force is used as the holding force.
- the return mechanism includes two supports 22 a and 22 b and the third spring 3 that are opposed to each other with the operation unit 12 interposed therebetween.
- the third spring 3 has one end connected to a fixed member and the other end connected to the operating unit 12. In the third position, the restoring force of the compressed third spring 3 works upward, and in the fourth position, the restoring force of the compressed third spring 3 works downward.
- the holding force only needs to act on the operating part 12 in at least one of the third position and the fourth position, and does not need to act on the operating part 12 in the other position.
- the operation unit 12 when the holding force is applied only to the operation unit 12 in the third position, the operation unit 12 is operated at a high speed by the first spring 1 at the time of operation, and the operation unit 12 is set to the speed of the operation unit 11 at the time of return. Return at the appropriate speed.
- the holding force is applied only to the operation unit 12 in the fourth position, the operation unit 12 is operated at a speed corresponding to the speed of the operation unit 11 at the time of operation, and the operation unit 12 is the first at the time of return.
- the spring 1 returns at high speed.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an outline of the operation and return operation of the return mechanism 30 of the present embodiment.
- the rod-like operation unit 12 can rotate with the point 12b as a fulcrum.
- the operating unit 12 is connected to the first spring 1 at an operating point 12a at one end.
- the operating point 12 a is a point that is displaced on the operating unit 12 in the same direction as the expansion and contraction of the first spring 1.
- the operating point 12a can be displaced from the third position to the fourth position.
- a magnetic force by a magnet (not shown) is acting as a holding force at both ends of the operating unit 12.
- FIG. 6 shows the initial state of the return mechanism 30.
- the operation unit 12 In the initial state, the operation unit 12 is held at the third position by the holding force.
- the operating point 11 a is pressed to the first position by the restoring force of the compressed second spring 2.
- the operation point 11a of the operation unit 11 When an operation force is applied as an external force to the operation unit 11, the operation point 11a of the operation unit 11 is displaced from the first position to the second position ((b) of FIG. 6).
- the second spring 2 and the first spring 1 are compressed according to the displacement of the operation point 11a.
- the direction of the 2nd spring 2 changes according to the displacement of the operation point 11a, the direction in which the restoring force of the 2nd spring 2 works also changes.
- the component along the stroke axis S of the restoring force of the second spring 2 acting on the operation unit 11 is smaller at the second position than at the first position. Therefore, the required maximum operating force can be reduced.
- the operation unit 11 When the operation force on the operation unit 11 is lost, the operation unit 11 starts to move from the second position to the first position by the compressed restoring force of the second spring 2 ((e) in FIG. 6). At this time, the operating point 12a remains held at the fourth position by the holding force. Therefore, according to the displacement of the operation part 11, the 1st spring 1 is expand
- the operating portion 12 rotates by the restoring force of the extended first spring 1, and the operating point 12a is the fourth.
- the position is displaced from the position to the third position ((g) in FIG. 6).
- the operating point 12a displaced to the third position is held at the third position as it is by the holding force ((h) in FIG. 6).
- the operating unit 12 is rotated by the first spring 1 when the restoring force of the first spring 1 exceeds the holding force and the accumulated elastic energy is released. That is, the operating unit 12 is moved at high speed by the first spring 1 regardless of the movement speed of the operation unit 11.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an outline of the operation and return operation of the return mechanism 31 of the present embodiment.
- the operation unit 11 is rotatable about the point 11b as a fulcrum.
- the operation unit 11 is connected to the second spring 2 at the operation point 11a.
- the operation point 11 a is a point connected (contacted) with the second spring 2 on the operation unit 11.
- the operating point 11a can be displaced (rotated) from the first position to the second position.
- the first spring 1 is connected to the operation unit 11 at a point 11c.
- the angle between the direction in which the second spring 2 works and the direction in which the operating point 11a returns (displaces) is ⁇ . Since the operating point 11a is displaced along the circumferential direction, the angle between the tangential direction of the circle at the operating point 11a and the working direction of the second spring 2 is ⁇ .
- the operating point 11a In the initial state, the operating point 11a is pressed to the first position by the restoring force of the compressed second spring 2.
- the angle ⁇ when the operating point 11a is at the first position is defined as ⁇ 1 ((a) in FIG. 7).
- ⁇ 1 ((a) in FIG. 7).
- the component that acts as torque on the operating unit 11 in the restoring force of the second spring is cos ⁇ 1.
- the counterclockwise force (torque) acting on the operation unit 11 is positive.
- FIG. 7B shows a state in which the operation unit 11 is rotated by applying an operation force (torque) to the operation unit 11.
- the operating point 11a of the operating unit 11 is displaced from the first position to the second position by the operating force.
- the point 11c is also displaced, and the second spring 2 and the first spring 1 are compressed.
- the direction of the 2nd spring 2 changes according to the displacement of the operation point 11a, the direction in which the restoring force of the 2nd spring 2 works also changes.
- the angle ⁇ when the operation point 11a is at the second position is ⁇ 2.
- the component that acts as torque on the operating unit 11 in the restoring force of the second spring is cos ⁇ 2. 0 ° ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 180 °, and
- the operating point 11a starts to move from the second position to the first position by the compressed restoring force of the second spring 2 ((e) of FIG. 7).
- the operating unit 12 remains held at the fourth position by the holding force. Therefore, according to the displacement of the point 11c of the operation part 11, the 1st spring 1 is extended from natural length ((e) (f) of FIG. 7).
- the return mechanism 31 may be configured such that the user directly rotates the operation unit 11, or may be configured to apply torque to the operation unit 11 by a component that linearly moves.
- the return mechanism 31 When the return mechanism 31 is incorporated in a switch device, it can be applied to a rocker switch, a rotation switch, or a lever switch.
- the return mechanism 31 When the return mechanism 31 is applied to a push button switch, the direction in which the button is pushed can be freely set.
- the return mechanism 31 may be configured to extend the second spring 2 by the operation.
- one end of the second spring 2 may be connected to a point 11d on the operation unit 11 shown in FIG. 7A, and the second spring 2 may be extended from the natural length in this state.
- FIG. 7A shows a state where the operation unit 11 is in the first position. Even in this configuration, when the operation unit 11 is rotated clockwise, the second spring 2 is further extended, and the angle ⁇ is increased. Also in this case, the second spring 2 works so as to return the operation portion 11 to the first position.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an outline of the operation and return operation of the return mechanism 32 of the present embodiment.
- the operation unit 11 is rotatable about the point 11b as a fulcrum.
- the rod-like operation unit 12 can rotate with the point 12b as a fulcrum.
- the return mechanism 32 is a combination of the rotatable operation unit 12 of the second embodiment and the rotatable operation unit 11 of the third embodiment. Since the operation and return operation are the same as those in the second and third embodiments, detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the holding force by the magnet is acting on each of the both ends 12c and 12d of the operating unit 12, but a structure in which the holding force works only on one end may be used.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of the second spring 2.
- a point where the second spring 2 on the operation unit is connected is illustrated as an operation point 11a.
- FIG. 9A shows a case where a coil spring is used as the second spring 2.
- the coil spring has the advantages of high durability and stable spring characteristics.
- FIG. 9B shows a case where a leaf spring is used as the second spring 2.
- the leaf spring has the advantage of a simple shape and low cost.
- FIG. 9C shows a case where a torsion spring is used as the second spring 2.
- the torsion spring has an advantage that it is highly durable and can be arranged in a narrow space.
- a spring having a positive spring constant in the compression direction can be used as the second spring.
- these second springs can also be applied to a rotatable operation section.
- the second spring 2 may be elastically deformed so that a restoring force is generated at the first position.
- the restoring force of the second spring 2 becomes larger at the second position.
- the angle ⁇ increases (cos ⁇ decreases).
- the component Fs in the stroke axis S direction of the restoring force of the second spring 2 at the second position is smaller than that at the first position.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a configuration in which the two second springs 2 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the operation unit 11. Two second springs 2 are arranged on both sides of one operation unit 11. 10A shows a case where a coil spring is used, and FIGS. 10B and 10C show a case where a leaf spring is used. FIG. 10 shows a case where the operation unit 11 is in the second position.
- the first spring As the first spring, various springs can be used similarly to the second spring.
- the spring refers to a member that generates a restoring force by elastic deformation. Therefore, an elastic body that exhibits a restoring force can be used as the first spring and the second spring.
- FIG. 11 is a view showing a modification of the first spring 1.
- FIG. 11A shows a return mechanism 33 that uses a leaf spring as the first spring 1.
- the operation unit 11 and the operation unit 12 are rotatable.
- FIG. 11B shows a return mechanism 34 using a torsion spring as the first spring 1.
- the operation unit 11 can move up and down in parallel, and the operation unit 12 can rotate.
- the first spring 1 is rotatably supported at a fulcrum 1b.
- the operation unit 11 is displaced upward from the initial state by an operation.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a configuration of the return mechanism 35 of the present embodiment.
- the operation unit 11 and the operation unit 12 are rotatable. In FIG. 12, the operation unit 11 is in the first position, and the operation unit 12 is in the third position. When the operation unit 11 rotates counterclockwise, the operation unit 11 is in the second position.
- the return mechanism 35 In the return mechanism 35, the operation unit 11 and the second spring 2 are arranged so as to be aligned above the operation unit 12.
- the return mechanism 35 can be arranged in a narrow space.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a configuration of the return mechanism 36 of the present embodiment.
- the operation unit 12 is rotatable.
- the operation unit 11 can be translated along the stroke axis S.
- One end of the first spring 1 is connected to the operation unit 11, and the other end of the first spring 1 is connected to the plunger 14 (relay part).
- the plunger can be translated along the stroke axis S. Since one end 12c of the operating part 12 is inserted into the recess formed in the plunger 14, the operating part 12 rotates in accordance with the movement of the plunger 14. There may be play in the combination of the plunger 14 and the operating portion 12.
- the operating unit 12 is held at the third position and the fourth position by the holding force.
- the plunger 14 is held by the operation unit 12 at positions corresponding to the third position and the fourth position.
- the plunger 14 Since the plunger 14 moves via the first spring 1 with respect to the operation unit 11, the plunger 14 can be regarded as an operation unit. In this case, the holding force holds the plunger 14 in a predetermined position via the operation unit 12.
- first spring 1 (or the second spring 2) and the operation unit 11 are connected by another component in the same manner that the first spring 1 and the operation unit 12 may be connected using the plunger 14. May be.
- FIG. 14 is a side view showing the configuration of the switch device 40 of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the switch device 40.
- FIGS. 14 and 15 are internal perspective views of the housing 41 and the like partially seen through. In FIG. 15, one second spring is omitted.
- FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the power generation module 46.
- FIG. 17 is a front view showing the configuration of the power generation module 46. 16 and 17 also illustrate the operation unit 12.
- FIG. 17A shows a state where the operating unit 12 is in the third position
- FIG. 17B shows a state where the operating unit 12 is in the fourth position.
- the switch device 40 includes the return mechanism 36, the power generation module 46, the transmission device 45, and the housing 41 of the eighth embodiment.
- the housing 41 includes the return mechanism 36, the power generation module 46, and the transmission device 45.
- the power generation module 46 includes a coil 42, two yokes 43 a and 43 b, and a magnet 44.
- the operation unit 12 functions as an amateur (armature) of the power generation module 46.
- the power generation module 46 and the return mechanism 36 function as a power generation device.
- Two base portions 13 are provided on two opposite side surfaces inside the housing 41.
- the operation unit 11 can be translated in the vertical direction. Between the operation part 11 and the two base parts 13, the 2nd spring 2 is each arrange
- the second spring 2 is a torsion spring.
- the two second springs 2 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the operation unit 11. When the operation unit 11 is displaced downward by the operation force, the second spring 2 is bent while changing its direction.
- the first spring 1 is disposed between the operation unit 11 and the plunger 14.
- the first spring 1 is a coil spring.
- the plunger 14 is movable in the vertical direction.
- the operating portion 12 is inserted into the concave portion of the plunger 14.
- the operating unit 12 is a ferromagnetic material such as iron.
- the operation unit 12 has a U-shape.
- the operation unit 12 is rotatable between the two yokes 43a and 43b around a fulcrum near the center (near the magnet 44).
- the two yokes 43a and 43b are magnetized by a magnet 44 (permanent magnet) disposed between them.
- the operating unit 12 is arranged to pass through the coil 42.
- the operation unit 12 has one end in contact with one yoke 43a and the other end in contact with the other yoke 43b in the third position (the position shown in FIG. 17A).
- the operating unit 12 in the fourth position (the position shown in FIG. 17B), has the one end in contact with the other yoke 43b and the other end in contact with the one yoke 43a. Since the opposing surfaces of the two yokes 43a and 43b have opposite magnetic poles, the direction of magnetization of the operating unit 12 is reversed when the operating unit 12 moves from the third position to the fourth position. Therefore, the direction of the magnetic flux passing through the coil 42 is reversed, and an induced current corresponding to the fluctuation of the magnetic flux flows through the coil 42.
- the switch device 40 generates power in this way. A larger induced current flows when the change in magnetic flux per time is larger. Since the switch device 40 can move the operation unit 12 at a high speed by the first spring 1, the power generation efficiency is good. In addition, since the maximum operating force required to operate the operation unit 11 can be reduced without increasing the operation stroke, the operability is good.
- the coil 42 is connected to the transmitter 45 by a lead wire or the like.
- the transmitting device 45 transmits a signal to an external device wirelessly or by wire using the electric power generated by the coil 42.
- the operation unit 11 is operated from the first position to the second position (that is, when the operation unit 12 moves from the third position to the fourth position)
- the operation unit 11 is in the second position.
- a signal indicating this is transmitted to an external device.
- the transmission device 45 moves the operation unit 11 to the first position.
- a signal indicating the presence is sent to an external device.
- the switch device 40 functions as a switch device that transmits a signal according to the position of the operation unit 11 to an external device.
- the switch device 40 can be used as an operation switch operated by a user, a limit switch (detection switch) for detecting the position of an object, and the like.
- the transmission device 45 can be configured to transmit a predetermined signal using the generated power regardless of the position of the operation unit 11.
- the power generation module 46 and the return mechanism 36 can be used as a simple power generation device.
- the switch device 40 may be configured to have a battery or an external power source instead of the power generation module 46.
- the transmission device 45 generates a signal corresponding to the position of the operation unit 12 using electric power supplied from a battery or an external power source.
- the structure which operates the operation part 11 directly may be sufficient as the user or the target of a position detection, and the structure which operates the operation part 11 indirectly may be sufficient.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a limit switch 47 including a rotatable lever.
- 18A is a perspective view showing the configuration of the limit switch 47
- FIG. 18B is a front view (partial perspective view) showing the configuration of the switch body 47a.
- the limit switch 47 includes a switch main body portion 47a and an operation auxiliary portion 47b.
- the switch main body 47a includes a switch device 40 and a plunger 49 inside the casing.
- the operation assisting part 47b includes a rotatable lever 48. The object contacts the lever 48 and rotates the lever 48. In conjunction with the rotation of the lever 48, the plunger 49 translates vertically. In conjunction with the operation of the plunger 49, the operation unit 11 of the switch device 40 translates up and down.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram showing an outline of operation and return operation of the return mechanism 50 of the present embodiment.
- the present embodiment relates to a return mechanism in which the operation unit 11 and the operation unit 12 are self-recovered and the operation unit 12 operates at a higher speed regardless of the operation speed.
- the third spring 3 can realize the operation of the operation unit 12 at a higher speed.
- the fifth spring 5 can realize the self-return of the operation unit 11 and the operation unit 12.
- the operation of the operation unit 12 is made faster by devising the configuration (arrangement) of the third spring 3.
- the return mechanism 50 (acceleration mechanism) includes an operation unit 11, an operation unit 12, a base unit 13, a first spring 1, a third spring 3, and a fifth spring 5.
- the first spring 1 connects the operation unit 11 and the operation unit 12.
- the third spring 3 connects the operating part 12 and the base part 13.
- the fifth spring 5 connects the operation unit 12 and the base unit 13.
- the base portion 13 may be fixed, and the portion where the third spring 3 is connected and the portion where the fifth spring 5 is connected may be separated into different parts.
- the operation unit 11 and the operation unit 12 are movable along the stroke axis S.
- the direction in which the first spring 1 applies a force to the operation unit 11 is parallel to the direction in which the operation unit 11 can move.
- the direction in which the fifth spring 5 applies a force to the operating unit 12 is parallel to the direction in which the operating unit 12 can move.
- the direction in which the third spring 3 applies a force to the operating portion 12 is oblique to the direction in which the operating portion 12 can move.
- the angle between the direction in which the third spring 3 applies a force to the operating portion 12 and the stroke axis S is ⁇ .
- One end of the third spring 3 connected to the base portion 13 does not move.
- the other end of the third spring 3 connected to the operating unit 12 moves in accordance with the movement of the operating unit 12. Therefore, when the operation unit 12 moves along the stroke axis S, the angle ⁇ also changes.
- the operation unit 12 is connected to the third spring 3 at the connection point 12e.
- the connection point 12 e is a point where the operating part 12 is connected to the third spring 3, and is a point where the operating part 12 is displaced in the same direction as the expansion and contraction of the first spring 1.
- the operation unit 12 can be displaced from the third position to the fourth position.
- the operating unit 12 When the operating unit 12 is in the third position, the operating unit 12 has a holding force so as to hold the operating unit 12 in the third position.
- the operating unit 12 When the operating unit 12 is in the fourth position, the operating unit 12 has a holding force so as to hold the operating unit 12 in the fourth position.
- the operating unit 12 is held at each position by the magnetic force acting at the third position and the fourth position.
- FIG. 21A shows an initial state of the return mechanism 50.
- the initial state is a state where no external force is applied to the operation unit 11.
- the operating unit 12 is held at the third position by the restoring force of the compressed fifth spring 5, the restoring force of the compressed third spring 3, and the holding force (not shown).
- the operation unit 11 is pressed to the first position by the restoring force of the compressed first spring 1.
- the angle ⁇ when the operating unit 12 is in the third position is ⁇ 1.
- the angle ⁇ is an angle between the direction in which the operating unit 12 returns and the direction in which the restoring force of the third spring 3 is applied to the operating unit 12.
- the component along the stroke axis S of the restoring force of the third spring acting on the operating unit 12 (the component in the movement direction of the operating unit 12) is cos ⁇ 1.
- the force acting upward on the operating unit 12 (force acting in the return direction of the operating unit 12) is positive.
- FIG. 21 (b) shows a state in which the operation unit 11 is displaced by applying an operation force (operation force) to the operation unit 11.
- operation force operation force
- the compressed first spring 1 When the restoring force of the compressed first spring 1 becomes larger than the sum of the restoring force of the third spring 3 acting on the operating portion 12, the restoring force of the fifth spring 5, and the holding force, the compressed first spring 1
- the operating unit 12 is displaced from the third position to the fourth position by the restoring force ((c) of FIG. 21).
- the operation unit 12 displaced to the fourth position is held in the fourth position as it is by the holding force ((d) in FIG. 21).
- the direction in which the restoring force of the 3rd spring 3 acts also changes.
- the direction in which the force of the third spring 3 is applied to the operating unit 12 when the operating unit 12 is in the third position is the direction in which the force of the third spring 3 is applied to the operating unit 12 when the operating unit 12 is in the fourth position. Is not parallel to
- the angle ⁇ when the operating unit 12 is in the fourth position is ⁇ 2.
- the component along the stroke axis S of the restoring force of the third spring 3 acting on the operating unit 12 is cos ⁇ 2. 0 ° ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 180 ° and cos ⁇ 1> cos ⁇ 2. That is, the component along the stroke axis S of the restoring force of the third spring 3 acting on the operating unit 12 (the component with the direction in which the operating unit 12 returns is positive) is greater in the fourth position than in the third position. It is smaller and decreases monotonously. Therefore, when the operation unit 12 starts to move from the third position toward the fourth position, the repulsive force by the third spring 3 gradually decreases.
- the operation unit 12 when the operation unit 12 starts to move, the operation unit 12 is further accelerated. This means that the operation unit 12 operates (exercises) at a higher speed than in Reference Example 2 described later. Thus, the operation at the time of operation of the operation unit 11 and the operation unit 12 is completed.
- the operating unit 12 accumulates the restoring force of the compressed first spring 1 exceeding the sum of the restoring force of the third spring 3 along the stroke axis S, the restoring force of the fifth spring 5 and the holding force. When the generated elastic energy is released, it is moved by the first spring 1. That is, the operating unit 12 is moved at high speed by the first spring 1 regardless of the movement speed of the operation unit 11.
- the operation unit 11 When the operation force on the operation unit 11 is lost, the operation unit 11 starts to move from the second position to the first position by the compressed restoring force of the first spring 1 ((e) in FIG. 21). At this time, the operating unit 12 remains held at the fourth position by the holding force and the restoring force of the first spring 1. However, the restoring force of the first spring 1 gradually decreases according to the displacement of the operation unit 11. The operation unit 11 moves to the first position ((f) in FIG. 21).
- the sum of the restoring force and holding force of the compressed first spring 1 is the sum of the component along the stroke axis S of the restoring force of the third spring 3 acting on the operating portion 12 and the restoring force of the fifth spring 5.
- the operating portion 12 is displaced from the fourth position to the third position by the restoring force of the compressed fifth spring 5 ((g) of FIG. 21).
- the operating unit 12 moved to the third position is held at the third position as it is by the holding force ((h) in FIG. 21).
- the operation unit 12 When the operation unit 12 starts to move from the third position toward the fourth position, the upward force by the third spring 3 (a component in which the direction in which the operation unit 12 returns is positive) gradually increases. Therefore, when the operation unit 12 starts to move, the operation unit 12 is further accelerated. As described above, since the third spring 3 is provided at the time of return, the operating unit 12 can be operated at high speed. Thus, the operation at the time of return of the operation unit 11 and the operation unit 12 is completed.
- the operating unit 12 is moved by the fifth spring 5 when the elastic energy accumulated in the fifth spring 5 is released. In other words, the operating unit 12 is moved at a high speed by the fifth spring 5 regardless of the motion speed of the operating unit 11 to be restored.
- the 5th spring 5 was provided in order to return the action
- the restoring force component of the third spring 3 along the stroke axis S is upward ( ⁇ 2 ⁇ 90 °), and the holding force and the restoring of the first spring If it is larger than the sum of the force, the operating portion 12 can be returned to the third position by the restoring force of the third spring. If there is a return spring (fifth spring 5), the angle ⁇ 1 at the third position may be larger than 90 °.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating the FS characteristics of the return mechanism 50 of the present embodiment.
- the horizontal axis indicates S (stroke) of the operation unit 11, and the vertical axis indicates F (force).
- FIG. 22 shows the force of the fifth spring 5 (fifth spring force) and the operating force.
- the operating force required for the operation at each stroke position is the same as the repulsive force of the first spring.
- the positive force indicates that an upward force (from the second position to the first position) is applied to the operation unit 11.
- FIG. 22A shows the configuration and FS characteristics of Reference Example 2.
- the return mechanism of Reference Example 2 is obtained by removing the third spring 3 from the return mechanism 50 of the present embodiment. Due to the holding force acting on the operating unit 12, the FS characteristic becomes hysteresis.
- the first position of the operation unit 11 may be between the top dead center (S0) of the operation unit 11 and the stroke S1.
- the second position of the operation unit 11 may be between the stroke S2 and the bottom dead center (S3) of the operation unit 11.
- FIG. 22B shows the configuration and FS characteristics of the return mechanism 50 of the present embodiment. Similarly to the reference example 2, the operation unit 12 moves from the third position to the fourth position at the stroke S2, and the operation unit 12 moves from the fourth position to the third position at the stroke S1.
- the third spring 3 since the third spring 3 is added to the reference example 2, it is necessary to apply a larger operating force to the operation unit 11 in order to displace the operation unit 12 from the third position to the fourth position. There is. Further, as described above, when the operating unit 12 is displaced to the fourth position, the direction along which the operating unit 12 returns from the fourth position to the third position is positive, and the component along the stroke axis S of the force of the third spring 3 becomes smaller. Therefore, it is possible to release the compression of the first spring 1 by setting the moving distance of the operating unit 12 to be large. Therefore, the amount of decrease in operating force at the stroke S2 is larger than the amount of decrease in Reference Example 2. Therefore, the click rate is high, and the operation feeling is a good touch.
- the area shown by hatching in the figure represents the energy given to the operating unit 12 in operation and return.
- the operating unit 12 can be moved at high speed.
- the kinetic energy of the operation unit 12 can be increased, so that the amount of power generation can be increased.
- the power generation amount can be increased (the operating unit can be operated at high speed) without increasing the magnetic force (holding force) by the magnet of the power generation module.
- the return mechanism 50 can be provided in the switch device as in the above embodiment. If the return mechanism 50 is used, the switching operation can be performed at high speed. Moreover, when using the operation
- FIG. 23B is a diagram showing the configuration and FS characteristics of the return mechanism 51 of the present embodiment.
- the fourth spring 4 can realize self-return of the operation unit 11 and the operation unit 12.
- the return mechanism 51 (acceleration mechanism) includes an operation unit 11, an operation unit 12, a base unit 13, a first spring 1, a third spring 3, and a fourth spring 4.
- the fourth spring 4 connects the operation unit 11 and the base unit 13.
- the base portion 13 may be fixed, and the portion where the third spring 3 is connected and the portion where the fourth spring 4 is connected may be separated into different parts.
- the direction in which the fourth spring 4 applies force to the operation unit 11 is parallel to the direction in which the operation unit 11 can move.
- the operation unit 11 is displaced between the first position and the second position according to the operation force
- the operation unit 12 is displaced between the third position and the fourth position.
- the fourth spring 4 returns the operation unit 11 from the second position to the first position, and the first spring 1 extended thereby pulls the operation unit 12, and moves the operation unit 12 to the fourth position. Return from position to third position.
- the third spring 3 acts obliquely with respect to the movement direction of the operating unit 12. Therefore, the component along the stroke axis S of the restoring force of the third spring 3 acting on the operating portion 12 (the component in which the direction in which the operating portion 12 returns is positive) is greater in the fourth position than in the third position. It is smaller and decreases monotonously. Therefore, when the operation unit 12 starts to move from the third position toward the fourth position, the repulsive force by the third spring 3 gradually decreases. Therefore, when the operation unit 12 starts to move, the operation unit 12 is further accelerated. Further, even at the time of return, when the operation unit 12 starts to move from the fourth position to the third position, the operation unit 12 is accelerated by the force component along the stroke axis S of the third spring 3 that increases.
- FIG. 23B shows the force of the fourth spring 4 (fourth spring force), the force of the first spring (first spring force), and the operating force.
- the operation force required for the operation at each stroke position is a resultant force of the first spring force and the fourth spring force.
- the positive force indicates that an upward force (from the second position to the first position) is applied to the operation unit 11.
- the operating unit 12 moves from the third position to the fourth position at the stroke S2 during operation, and the operating unit 12 moves from the fourth position to the third position at the stroke S1 during return.
- Reference Example 1 For reference, the configuration and FS characteristics of Reference Example 1 are shown in FIG.
- the return mechanism 100 of Reference Example 1 is obtained by removing the third spring 3 from the return mechanism 51 of the present embodiment.
- the operating unit 102 moves to the fourth position.
- the acceleration spring force of the acceleration spring 111 acting on the operation unit 102 exceeds the holding force Fr at the fourth position
- the operation unit 102 moves to the third position.
- F2 is the restoring force of the third spring 3 at the fourth position.
- the figure shows the case of ⁇ 2> 90 °, and the position of the stroke S1 in the graph is shifted to the left as compared with the reference example 1.
- ⁇ 2 ⁇ 90 ° the position of the stroke S1 in the graph is shifted to the right as compared with the reference example 1.
- the third spring 3 is added to the reference example 1, in order to displace the operating unit 12 from the third position to the fourth position, a larger operating force is applied to the operating unit. 11 need to be added. Further, as described above, when the operating unit 12 is displaced to the fourth position, the direction along which the operating unit 12 returns from the fourth position to the third position is positive, and the component along the stroke axis S of the force of the third spring 3 becomes smaller. Therefore, the elastic energy accumulated and released in the first spring 1 can be increased. Therefore, the click rate is high, and the operation feeling is a good touch.
- the area shown by hatching in the figure represents the energy given to the operating unit 12 in operation and return.
- the return mechanism 51 of the present embodiment more energy can be given to the operating unit 12 than in the first reference example. That is, the operating unit 12 can be moved at high speed.
- the power generation amount can be further increased.
- the return mechanism 51 can be used for the switch device.
- operation part 12 of the return mechanism 50 * 51 may be sufficient like the above-mentioned embodiment.
- the second spring for return as described in the first embodiment may be added to the operation unit 11 of the return mechanism 50/51.
- an arbitrary spring can be used like the above-mentioned embodiment.
- the fifth spring 5 may be an elastic body (spring) built in the power generation element.
- An operating unit and a return mechanism for the operating unit include an operating unit, an operating unit, a base unit, a first spring that operates between the operating unit and the operating unit, and the operating unit.
- a second spring that works with the base portion, and the operating portion moves from the first position to the second position by an external force, and from the second position by the force applied from the second spring.
- the movement unit moves to a first position, and the operation unit moves between a third position and a fourth position in response to movement of the operation unit between the first position and the second position.
- One spring moves the operation part by elastic energy accumulated by at least one of an external force applied to the operation part and a force given from the second spring, and the second spring Bullets accumulated by external force applied to the operation unit
- the operation unit is returned to the first position by energy, and the operation unit includes the operation when the operation unit is at least one of the third position and the fourth position.
- a holding force is exerted to hold the part in the position, and the direction in which the force of the second spring is applied to the operation part when the operation part is in the first position is that the operation part is in the second position.
- the component of the movement direction of the operation unit of the force of the second spring is not the direction in which the force of the second spring is applied to the operation unit when in the position. Is positive when the operating portion is in the second position than when it is in the first position.
- the second spring is provided to return the operation unit and the operation unit to the first position and the third position, respectively.
- the second spring includes the above-described force of the second spring.
- the component of the movement direction of the operation unit is smaller when the operation unit is in the second position than when the operation unit is in the first position. Therefore, the maximum value of the external force required for operating the operation unit can be reduced.
- the return mechanism may be configured such that the direction of the force applied by the second spring to the operation unit when the operation unit is in the first position is oblique to the direction in which the operation unit moves. Good.
- the second spring when the operation unit moves in parallel, the second spring returns the operation unit at the second position by making the direction of the force applied by the second spring to the operation unit oblique to the direction in which the operation unit moves.
- the force can be reduced.
- the return mechanism When the operation portion is released from the external force, the return mechanism returns the operation portion from the second position to the first position by the resultant force of the first spring and the second spring, and the operation portion
- the operation unit may be configured to return from the fourth position to the third position by the force of the first spring generated by the return.
- the force of the second spring when the operating portion is in the second position is greater than the force of the second spring when the operating portion is in the first position
- the angle between the direction in which the operating point of the operating unit, which is the point where the spring is connected, returns, and the direction in which the force of the second spring is applied to the operating unit is ⁇
- the operating unit is the first
- the configuration may be such that
- the return mechanism may be configured such that a component of the movement direction of the operation unit in the force of the second spring monotonously decreases while the operation unit is displaced from the first position to the second position. .
- the force with which the second spring returns the operation unit can be reduced as the operation unit is displaced from the first position to the second position.
- the second spring may be a torsion spring or a leaf spring.
- a power generation device includes the return mechanism, a magnet, and a coil, and varies the magnetic flux of the magnet that passes through the coil in conjunction with the motion of the operation unit.
- the structure which induces an electric current in the said coil may be sufficient.
- the switch device may include the return mechanism and a transmission device, and the transmission device may transmit a signal to an external device according to the position of the operation unit.
- An acceleration mechanism includes an operation unit, an operation unit, a base unit, a first spring that operates between the operation unit and the operation unit, and between the operation unit and the base unit.
- a third spring acting on the operating portion the operating portion is moved from the first position to the second position by an external force, and the operating portion is located between the first position and the second position of the operating portion.
- the first spring moves between the third position and the fourth position, and the first spring moves the operation part by elastic energy accumulated by an external force applied to the operation part.
- the third spring is in the third position.
- the direction applied to the movement portion is not parallel to the direction in which the force of the third spring is applied to the movement portion when the movement portion is in the fourth position.
- the direction component is smaller when the operating unit is at the fourth position than when the operating unit is at the third position, with the direction in which the operating unit returns from the fourth position to the third position being positive. .
- the component of the movement direction of the operating part in the force of the third spring is smaller when the operating part is in the fourth position than when the operating part is in the third position. Therefore, it is possible to further accelerate the operation unit that has started to move.
- the acceleration mechanism includes a fourth spring that works between the operation unit and the base unit, and the fourth spring moves the operation unit to the first position by elastic energy accumulated by an external force applied to the operation unit. It may be a thing to return to.
- the acceleration mechanism includes a fifth spring that works between the operating portion and the base portion, and the fifth spring is an elastic member that is accumulated by movement of the operating portion from the third position to the fourth position.
- the operating unit may be returned to the third position by energy.
- the direction of the force that the third spring applies to the operating part when the operating part is in the third position may be oblique to the direction in which the operating part moves.
- the operating part is The cos ⁇ when the operating unit is at the fourth position may be smaller than the cos ⁇ at the third position.
- the force acting in the movement direction of the operating portion among the force of the third spring is reduced according to cos ⁇ . Therefore, the movement of the operating unit from the third position to the fourth position or the movement from the fourth position to the third position can be accelerated.
- the operation unit While the operation unit is displaced from the third position to the fourth position with the direction in which the operation unit returns from the fourth position to the third position as positive, the operation unit out of the force of the third spring.
- the component of the movement direction may be monotonously decreased.
- the repulsive force due to the third spring with respect to the motion of the motion part monotonously decreases, so that the motion part that has started to move can be further accelerated by the first spring.
- the holding force may be a magnetic force.
- the operation unit may be configured to rotate from the third position to the fourth position.
- the third spring may be a torsion spring or a leaf spring.
- the switch device includes the acceleration mechanism and the transmission device, and the transmission device transmits a signal to an external device according to the position of the operation unit.
- a power generation device includes the acceleration mechanism, a magnet, and a coil, and fluctuates the magnetic flux of the magnet that passes through the coil in conjunction with the motion of the operation unit. An electric current is induced in the coil.
- the transmission device may be configured to include the power generation device and transmit a signal to an external device using power generated by the power generation device.
- the switch device may include the transmission device, and the transmission device may transmit a signal to the external device according to the position of the operation unit.
- the present invention can be used for a return mechanism, an acceleration mechanism, a power generation device, a transmission device, and a switch device.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Control Devices (AREA)
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
- Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)
Abstract
Description
図19は、参考例1の復帰機構100の操作および復帰の動作の概略を示す図である。復帰機構100は、操作部101、動作部102、ベース部103、加速用バネ111、および復帰用バネ112を備える。加速用バネ111は、操作部101と動作部102とを接続している。復帰用バネ112は、操作部101とベース部103とを接続している。復帰用バネ112が操作部101に働く方向は、加速用バネ111が操作部101に働く方向に対して平行である。
図20は、参考例1の復帰機構100のFS特性を示す図である。横軸は操作部101のS(ストローク)を示し、縦軸はF(フォース)を示す。図20には、加速用バネ111の力(復元力)と、復帰用バネ112の力と、操作力とが示されている。利用者が操作部101を操作するために必要となる力が操作力である。各ストローク位置において操作に必要な操作力は、復帰用バネ力と加速用バネ力との合力である。力が正であることは、操作部101に上向き(第2位置から第1位置の方向)の力が加わっていることを示す。必要な操作力は、操作部101が復帰する上向きの力(復帰力)と言うこともできる。
操作部101に操作力を加えて操作部101を第1位置(S0)から変位させていくと、加速用バネ111は圧縮されていき、復元力(バネ力)は線形に増加していく。すなわち、操作に必要な操作力も増加していく。なお、ストロークS1を越えても、保持力により動作部102は第3位置に保持されるので、加速用バネ111は圧縮され続ける。
一方、操作部101に加える外力(操作力)を弱めると、復帰用バネ力と加速用バネ力の合力(復帰力)によって、操作部101が復帰する。操作部101を第2位置(S3)から第1位置の方向へ復帰させていくと、加速用バネ111の圧縮が少なくなっていき、復元力(バネ力)は線形に減少していく。すなわち、操作力(復帰力)も減少していく。操作部101がストロークS2よりさらに復帰しても、保持力により動作部102は第4位置に保持されるので、加速用バネ111は伸長される。
以下に、本発明に係る実施形態について説明する。本実施形態では、参考例1に比べて、復帰用バネに対応するバネに関する構成が異なる。
図1は、本実施形態の復帰機構10の概略構成を示す図である。本実施形態は、操作部11および動作部12が自己復帰し、かつ、動作部12が操作速度に関わらず高速で動作する復帰機構において、必要な操作力が小さくてすむ復帰機構に関する。第1バネ1および動作部12に働く保持力によって、動作部12の高速での動作を実現することができる。また、第2バネ2によって操作部11および動作部12の自己復帰を実現することができる。ここで、本実施形態では、第2バネ2の構成(配置)を工夫することにより、必要な操作力を参考例1の復帰機構に比べて低減する。
図2は、本実施形態の復帰機構10の操作および復帰の動作の概略を示す図である。利用者は、操作部11に外力として操作力を加えることにより操作部11を運動(移動)させる。そして操作部11の変位に応じて、動作部12が変位する。動作部12が移動することにより、復帰機構10は機能を提供する。例えば後述するように復帰機構10を発電装置に適用する場合、動作部12の運動(移動)によって発電を行う。
図3は、本実施形態の復帰機構10のFS特性を示す図である。横軸は操作部11のS(ストローク)を示し、縦軸はF(フォース)を示す。図3には、第1バネ1の力(第1バネ力)と、第2バネ2の力(第2バネ力)と、操作力とが示されている。各ストローク位置において操作に必要な操作力は、第1バネ力と第2バネ力との合力である。力が正であることは、操作部11に上向き(第2位置から第1位置の方向)の力が加わっていることを示す。なお、図示する第2バネ力は、操作部11に働く力のストローク軸Sの成分である。第2バネ2の復元力にcosθをかけたものが、ストローク軸Sの成分である。
操作部11に操作力を加えて操作部11を第1位置(S0)から変位させていくと、第1バネ1は圧縮されていき、第1バネ力は線形に増加していく。一方で、第2バネ2はストローク軸に対する角度θが大きくなるので、第2バネ力は減少していく。そのため、操作に必要な操作力は、ほぼ一定である。なお、第2バネ力の減少度合いによっては、操作力は一定ではなく増加または減少することもあり得る。なお、ストロークがS1を越えても、保持力により動作部12は第3位置に保持されるので、第1バネ1は圧縮され続ける。
一方、操作部11に加える外力(操作力)を弱めると、第1バネ力と第2バネ力の合力(復帰力)によって、操作部11が復帰する。操作部11を第2位置(S3)から第1位置の方向へ復帰させていくと、第1バネ1の圧縮が少なくなっていく。一方で、第2バネ力は増加していく。操作力は低いままほとんど変化しない。操作部11がストロークS2よりさらに復帰しても、保持力により動作部12は第4位置に保持されるので、第1バネ1は伸長される。
操作のために必要な最大の操作力Fmaxは、操作時のストロークS0からS2の間の値である。S0からS2にかけて操作力が一定である場合、Fmaxは、第4位置の動作部12に働く保持力より大きければよい。そのため、参考例1に比べて、本実施形態の復帰機構10では、利用者は小さな操作力で操作部11を操作することができる。また、動作部12を、第1バネ1に蓄積された弾性エネルギーによって高速に動作させることができる。そのため、操作部のストローク量を増加させることなく操作の負担を減少させ、操作性を向上させることができる。
図4は、復帰機構10のFS特性の具体例を示す図である。図4の(a)は復帰機構10の構成を示し、図4の(b)はFS特性の具体例を示す。図4の(b)の横軸は操作部11のストロークを示し、縦軸は力を示す。図4の(b)には、操作時(行き)および復帰時(戻り)の、第1バネ力と第2バネ力と操作荷重(操作力)とが示されている。
図5は、保持力の具体例を示す図である。図5の(a)は、保持力として磁力を用いる場合を示す。復帰機構は、動作部12を挟んで対向する2つの磁石21a・21bを備える。この場合、動作部12は強磁性体である。第3位置にある動作部12は、上側の磁石21aの磁力によって第3位置に保持され、第4位置にある動作部12は、下側の磁石21bの磁力によって第4位置に保持される。なお2つの磁石21a・21bは、図示しない箇所においてつながっていてもよい。
以下に、本発明に係る他の実施形態について説明する。本実施形態では、実施形態1に比べて、動作部が回転動作を行う点が異なる。
図6は、本実施形態の復帰機構30の操作および復帰の動作の概略を示す図である。棒状の動作部12は、点12bを支点にして回転可能である。動作部12は一端の動作点12aにおいて第1バネ1と接続されている。動作点12aは、動作部12上において、第1バネ1の伸び縮みと同じ方向に変位する点である。動作点12aは、第3位置から第4位置まで変位可能である。動作部12の両端には保持力として図示しない磁石による磁力が働いている。動作点12aが第3位置にあるとき、動作部12の動作点12a側の一端12cは、保持力により上側に引きつけられ、動作部12の他端12dは、保持力により下側に引きつけられる。
以下に、本発明に係るさらに他の実施形態について説明する。本実施形態では、実施形態1に比べて、操作部が回転動作を行う点が異なる。
図7は、本実施形態の復帰機構31の操作および復帰の動作の概略を示す図である。操作部11は、点11bを支点にして回転可能である。操作部11は、操作点11aにおいて第2バネ2と接続されている。操作点11aは、操作部11上において、第2バネ2と接続されている(接している)点である。操作点11aは、第1位置から第2位置まで変位(回転)可能である。第1バネ1は、点11cにおいて操作部11に接続されている。
以下に、本発明に係るさらに他の実施形態について説明する。本実施形態では、実施形態1に比べて、操作部および動作部が回転動作を行う点が異なる。
(第2バネの具体例)
図9は、第2バネ2の具体例を示す図である。図9では、操作部上の第2バネ2が接続される点を操作点11aとして描いている。図9の(a)は、第2バネ2としてコイルバネを使用する場合を示す。コイルバネは、耐久性が高く、バネ特性が安定しているという利点を有する。図9の(b)は、第2バネ2として板バネを使用する場合を示す。板バネは、簡単な形状でコストが低いという利点を有する。図9の(c)は、第2バネ2としてトーションバネを使用する場合を示す。トーションバネは、耐久性が高く、狭い空間に配置できるという利点を有する。
(第1バネの具体例)
第1バネとしても、第2バネと同様に、種々のバネを使用することができる。ここでバネとは、弾性変形によって復元力を生じる部材を指す。それゆえ、第1バネおよび第2バネとして、復元力を発揮する弾性体を使用することもできる。
以下に、本発明に係るさらに他の実施形態について説明する。本実施形態では、実施形態4に比べて、各部材の配置が異なる。
以下に、本発明に係るさらに他の実施形態について説明する。本実施形態では、実施形態2に比べて、プランジャが追加されている点が異なる。
以下に、本発明に係るさらに他の実施形態について説明する。本実施形態では、復帰機構を備えるスイッチ装置について説明する。
以下に、本発明に係るさらに他の実施形態について説明する。例えば、動作部の運動による発電量の増加または高速にスイッチを切り替えるために、動作部をより高速で動作させたい場合がある。そこで、本実施形態では、第2バネの代わりに、動作部に働く第3バネを設ける構成について説明する。
図21は、本実施形態の復帰機構50の操作および復帰の動作の概略を示す図である。本実施形態は、操作部11および動作部12が自己復帰し、かつ、動作部12が操作速度に関わらずさらに高速で動作する復帰機構に関する。第3バネ3によって、動作部12のより高速での動作を実現することができる。また、第5バネ5によって操作部11および動作部12の自己復帰を実現することができる。ここで、本実施形態では、第3バネ3の構成(配置)を工夫することにより、動作部12の動作をより高速にする。
図21の(a)は、復帰機構50の初期状態を示す。なお、操作部11および動作部12に働くバネ力を矢印で図示するが、矢印の長さは、正確な力の大きさを示すものではない。初期状態は、操作部11に外力が加えられていない状態である。初期状態において、動作部12は、圧縮された第5バネ5の復元力、圧縮された第3バネ3の復元力、および保持力(図示せず)によって第3位置に保持されている。また、初期状態において、操作部11は圧縮された第1バネ1の復元力によって第1位置に押しつけられている。動作部12が第3位置にあるときの角度ηをη1とする。角度ηは、動作部12が復帰する方向と、第3バネ3の復元力が動作部12に加わる方向との間の角度である。動作部12が第3位置にあるとき、動作部12に働く第3バネの復元力のストローク軸Sに沿った成分(動作部12の運動方向の成分)は、cosη1である。動作部12に上向きに働く力(動作部12の復帰方向に働く力)を正としている。
図22は、本実施形態の復帰機構50のFS特性を示す図である。横軸は操作部11のS(ストローク)を示し、縦軸はF(フォース)を示す。図22には、第5バネ5の力(第5バネ力)と、操作力とが示されている。各ストローク位置において操作に必要な操作力は、第1バネの反発力と同じである。力が正であることは、操作部11に上向き(第2位置から第1位置の方向)の力が加わっていることを示す。
図22の(a)は、参考例2の構成およびFS特性を示す。参考例2の復帰機構は、本実施形態の復帰機構50から第3バネ3を除いたものである。動作部12に働く保持力のために、FS特性はヒステリシスになる。操作部11の第1位置は、操作部11の上死点(S0)からストロークS1の間であればよい。操作部11の第2位置は、ストロークS2から操作部11の下死点(S3)の間であればよい。
操作部11に操作力を加えて操作部11の上死点(S0)から変位させていく。操作部11のストロークがS2に達したとき、圧縮された第1バネ1の復元力が第3位置の保持力と第5バネ力との和を上回る。そのため、ストロークS2において、動作部12が第3位置から第4位置に変位する。この変位に伴い、圧縮されていた第1バネ1が解放される。同時に操作力も低下する。
一方、操作部11に加える外力(操作力)を弱めると、第1バネ力によって、操作部11が復帰する。操作部11を第2位置から第1位置の方向へ復帰させていくと、第1バネ1の圧縮が少なくなっていく。操作部11のストロークがS1に達したとき、第5バネ5の復元力が第4位置の保持力と第1バネ力との和を上回る。そのため、ストロークS1において、動作部12が第4位置から第3位置に変位する。この変位に伴い、第1バネ1が圧縮される。同時に復帰力は増加する。
図22の(b)は、本実施形態の復帰機構50の構成およびFS特性を示す。参考例2と同様に、ストロークS2で動作部12が第3位置から第4位置へ移動し、ストロークS1で動作部12が第4位置から第3位置へ移動する。
以下に、本発明に係るさらに他の実施形態について説明する。本実施形態では、実施形態10に比べて、第5バネの代わりに復帰用に第4バネを設ける点が異なる。
図23の(b)は、本実施形態の復帰機構51の構成およびFS特性を示す図である。第4バネ4によって操作部11および動作部12の自己復帰を実現することができる。
図23の(b)には、第4バネ4の力(第4バネ力)と、第1バネの力(第1バネ力)と、操作力とが示されている。各ストローク位置において操作に必要な操作力は、第1バネ力と第4バネ力との合力である。力が正であることは、操作部11に上向き(第2位置から第1位置の方向)の力が加わっていることを示す。操作時にストロークS2で動作部12が第3位置から第4位置へ移動し、復帰時にストロークS1で動作部12が第4位置から第3位置へ移動する。
本発明の一態様に係る操作部および動作部の復帰機構は、操作部と、動作部と、ベース部と、上記操作部と上記動作部との間で働く第1バネと、上記操作部と上記ベース部との間で働く第2バネとを備え、上記操作部は、外力によって第1位置から第2位置に運動するとともに、上記第2バネから与えられる力によって上記第2位置から上記第1位置に運動し、上記動作部は、上記操作部の上記第1位置と上記第2位置との間での運動に応じて、第3位置と第4位置との間で運動し、上記第1バネは、上記操作部に加わる外力、および、上記第2バネから与えられる力の少なくともいずれか一方によって蓄積された弾性エネルギーによって上記動作部を運動させるものであり、上記第2バネは、上記操作部に加わる外力によって蓄積された弾性エネルギーによって上記操作部を上記第1位置に復帰させるものであり、上記動作部には、上記動作部が上記第3位置および上記第4位置のうち少なくともいずれか一方の位置にある場合、上記動作部を該位置に保持しようとする保持力が働いており、上記操作部が上記第1位置にあるときに上記第2バネの力が上記操作部に加わる方向は、上記操作部が上記第2位置にあるときに上記第2バネの力が上記操作部に加わる方向に対して平行ではなく、上記第2バネの力のうち上記操作部の運動方向の成分は、上記操作部が復帰する方向を正として、上記操作部が上記第1位置にあるときよりも上記第2位置にあるときの方が小さい。
2 第2バネ
3 第3バネ
4 第4バネ
5 第5バネ
10、30~36 復帰機構
11 操作部
11a 操作点
12 動作部
12a 動作点
12e 接続点
13 ベース部
14 プランジャ
21a・21b 磁石
23a・23b 粘着体
24 弾性体
40 スイッチ装置
41 筐体
42 コイル
43a・43b ヨーク
44 磁石
45 発信装置
50、51 復帰機構(加速機構)
Claims (23)
- 操作部と、動作部と、ベース部と、上記操作部と上記動作部との間で働く第1バネと、上記操作部と上記ベース部との間で働く第2バネとを備え、
上記操作部は、外力によって第1位置から第2位置に運動するとともに、上記第2バネから与えられる力によって上記第2位置から上記第1位置に運動し、
上記動作部は、上記操作部の上記第1位置と上記第2位置との間での運動に応じて、第3位置と第4位置との間で運動し、
上記第1バネは、上記操作部に加わる外力、および、上記第2バネから与えられる力の少なくともいずれか一方によって蓄積された弾性エネルギーによって上記動作部を運動させるものであり、
上記第2バネは、上記操作部に加わる外力によって蓄積された弾性エネルギーによって上記操作部を上記第1位置に復帰させるものであり、
上記動作部には、上記動作部が上記第3位置および上記第4位置のうち少なくともいずれか一方の位置にある場合、上記動作部を該位置に保持しようとする保持力が働いており、
上記操作部が上記第1位置にあるときに上記第2バネの力が上記操作部に加わる方向は、上記操作部が上記第2位置にあるときに上記第2バネの力が上記操作部に加わる方向に対して平行ではなく、
上記第2バネの力のうち上記操作部の運動方向の成分は、上記操作部が復帰する方向を正として、上記操作部が上記第1位置にあるときよりも上記第2位置にあるときの方が小さいことを特徴とする操作部および動作部の復帰機構。 - 上記操作部が上記第1位置にあるときに上記第2バネが上記操作部に加える力の方向は、上記操作部が運動する方向に対して斜めであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の復帰機構。
- 上記操作部が上記外力から解放されると、上記第1バネおよび上記第2バネの合力によって、上記操作部は上記第2位置から上記第1位置へ復帰し、
上記操作部の復帰によって生じた上記第1バネの力によって、上記動作部は上記第4位置から上記第3位置へ復帰することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の復帰機構。 - 上記操作部が上記第2位置にあるときの上記第2バネの力は、上記操作部が上記第1位置にあるときの上記第2バネの力よりも大きく、
上記第2バネが接続された点である上記操作部の操作点が復帰する方向と、上記第2バネの力が上記操作部に加わる方向との間の角度をθとすると、上記操作部が上記第1位置にあるときの|cosθ|より、上記操作部が上記第2位置にあるときの|cosθ|は小さいことを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の復帰機構。 - 上記操作部が上記第1位置から上記第2位置に変位する間、上記第2バネの力のうち上記操作部の運動方向の成分は、単調減少することを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の復帰機構。
- 上記保持力は磁力であることを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の復帰機構。
- 上記動作部は上記第3位置から上記第4位置に回転することを特徴とする請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の復帰機構。
- 上記第2バネは、トーションバネまたは板バネであることを特徴とする請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の復帰機構。
- 請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の復帰機構と、磁石と、コイルとを備え、
上記動作部の運動に連動して、上記コイルを通過する、上記磁石の磁束を変動させることによって、上記コイルに電流を誘導することを特徴とする発電装置。 - 請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の復帰機構と、発信装置とを備え、
上記操作部の位置に応じて、上記発信装置は外部の装置に信号を発信することを特徴とするスイッチ装置。 - 操作部と、動作部と、ベース部と、上記操作部と上記動作部との間で働く第1バネと、上記動作部と上記ベース部との間で働く第3バネとを備え、
上記操作部は、外力によって第1位置から第2位置に運動し、
上記動作部は、上記操作部の上記第1位置と上記第2位置との間での運動に応じて、第3位置と第4位置との間で運動し、
上記第1バネは、上記操作部に加わる外力によって蓄積された弾性エネルギーによって上記動作部を運動させるものであり、
上記動作部には、上記動作部が上記第3位置および上記第4位置のうち少なくともいずれか一方の位置にある場合、上記動作部を該位置に保持しようとする保持力が働いており、
上記動作部が上記第3位置にあるときに上記第3バネの力が上記動作部に加わる方向は、上記動作部が上記第4位置にあるときに上記第3バネの力が上記動作部に加わる方向に対して平行ではなく、
上記第3バネの力のうち上記動作部の運動方向の成分は、上記動作部が上記第4位置から上記第3位置に復帰する方向を正として、上記動作部が上記第3位置にあるときよりも上記第4位置にあるときの方が小さいことを特徴とする動作部の加速機構。 - 上記操作部と上記ベース部との間で働く第4バネを備え、
上記第4バネは、上記操作部に加わる外力によって蓄積された弾性エネルギーによって上記操作部を上記第1位置に復帰させるものであることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の加速機構。 - 上記動作部と上記ベース部との間で働く第5バネを備え、
上記第5バネは、上記動作部の上記第3位置から上記第4位置への運動によって蓄積された弾性エネルギーによって上記動作部を上記第3位置に復帰させるものであることを特徴とする請求項11または12に記載の加速機構。 - 上記動作部が上記第3位置にあるときに上記第3バネが上記動作部に加える力の方向は、上記動作部が運動する方向に対して斜めであることを特徴とする請求項11から13のいずれか一項に記載の加速機構。
- 上記第3バネが接続された点である上記動作部の接続点が復帰する方向と、上記第3バネの力が上記動作部に加わる方向との間の角度をθとすると、上記動作部が上記第3位置にあるときのcosθより、上記動作部が上記第4位置にあるときのcosθは小さいことを特徴とする請求項11から14のいずれか一項に記載の加速機構。
- 上記動作部が上記第4位置から上記第3位置に復帰する方向を正として、
上記動作部が上記第3位置から上記第4位置に変位する間、上記第3バネの力のうち上記動作部の運動方向の成分は、単調減少することを特徴とする請求項11から15のいずれか一項に記載の加速機構。 - 上記保持力は磁力であることを特徴とする請求項11から16のいずれか一項に記載の加速機構。
- 上記動作部は上記第3位置から上記第4位置に回転することを特徴とする請求項11から17のいずれか一項に記載の加速機構。
- 上記第3バネは、トーションバネまたは板バネであることを特徴とする請求項11から18のいずれか一項に記載の加速機構。
- 請求項11から19のいずれか一項に記載の加速機構と、発信装置とを備え、
上記操作部の位置に応じて、上記発信装置は外部の装置に信号を発信することを特徴とするスイッチ装置。 - 請求項11から19のいずれか一項に記載の加速機構と、磁石と、コイルとを備え、
上記動作部の運動に連動して、上記コイルを通過する、上記磁石の磁束を変動させることによって、上記コイルに電流を誘導することを特徴とする発電装置。 - 請求項9または21に記載の発電装置を備え、
上記発電装置によって発電された電力を用いて、外部の装置に信号を発信することを特徴とする発信装置。 - 請求項22に記載の発信装置を備え、
上記操作部の位置に応じて、上記発信装置は上記外部の装置に信号を発信することを特徴とするスイッチ装置。
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