WO2015029147A1 - Système de pompe - Google Patents

Système de pompe Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015029147A1
WO2015029147A1 PCT/JP2013/072936 JP2013072936W WO2015029147A1 WO 2015029147 A1 WO2015029147 A1 WO 2015029147A1 JP 2013072936 W JP2013072936 W JP 2013072936W WO 2015029147 A1 WO2015029147 A1 WO 2015029147A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
synchronous motor
restart
pump
pressure
pump system
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2013/072936
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
敏夫 富田
大久保 智文
佐野 正浩
Original Assignee
株式会社日立産機システム
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Application filed by 株式会社日立産機システム filed Critical 株式会社日立産機システム
Priority to JP2015533833A priority Critical patent/JP6134800B2/ja
Priority to CN201380078587.1A priority patent/CN105452670B/zh
Priority to PCT/JP2013/072936 priority patent/WO2015029147A1/fr
Publication of WO2015029147A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015029147A1/fr

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D15/00Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
    • F04D15/02Stopping of pumps, or operating valves, on occurrence of unwanted conditions
    • F04D15/0209Stopping of pumps, or operating valves, on occurrence of unwanted conditions responsive to a condition of the working fluid
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D15/00Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
    • F04D15/0066Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems by changing the speed, e.g. of the driving engine
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00Function
    • F05D2260/85Starting
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/20Arrangements for starting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pump system using an inverter for controlling a synchronous motor.
  • induction motors have been mainly used as a drive source for pumps, but synchronous motors using permanent magnets are now being used from the viewpoint of energy saving and high efficiency.
  • the motor that does not include the magnetic pole position sensor has the advantage that the magnetic pole position sensor does not have a failure and can be reduced in price.
  • an abnormality in the rotation state of the electric motor can be detected by an estimation calculation of the shaft error of the electric motor.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and in a pump system, it is possible to detect a step-out easily and restart the electric motor as necessary to stably drive the load and continue water supply. Objective.
  • a pump unit having an impeller provided in a pump casing, a synchronous motor that rotationally drives the impeller, an inverter that controls the synchronous motor
  • the inverter has a signal input unit for inputting a signal from a pressure detection means for detecting water pressure provided on the discharge side of the pump unit, and an operation for determining the rotational speed of the synchronous motor
  • a processing unit a storage unit that stores control parameters necessary for calculations performed by the calculation processing unit, and a power conversion unit that supplies a drive current to the synchronous motor, wherein the calculation processing unit includes the pressure
  • the synchronous motor is stopped and restarted, and the synchronous motor is restarted at the first restart. If the machine does not start normally, the second restart is performed at an increase rate different from the increase rate of the rotational speed of the synchronous motor at the first restart.
  • the motor can be restarted quickly, the load can be driven, and the work can be continued. Therefore, stable water supply can be performed.
  • an abnormality is detected by a change in the secondary pressure of the pump in a synchronous motor that is driving a pump.
  • FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of the pump system of the present invention.
  • a pump 10 provided with an impeller in a pump casing is driven by an electric motor 20.
  • the electric motor 20 is a synchronous motor that does not include a magnetic pole position sensor.
  • an inverter 30 is connected to the electric motor 20, and the inverter 30 changes the frequency of the output current, thereby driving the electric motor 20 by changing the number of rotations.
  • the pressure detection means 11 is provided in the secondary side piping of the pump 10, and the pump discharge side pressure is detected.
  • FIG. 2 shows the internal configuration of the inverter 30.
  • An AC-DC converter 31 is connected to a power receiving unit that receives power supplied to the inverter 30, and the received AC power is converted into a DC voltage.
  • This DC voltage is converted again by the DC-AC converter 32 into an AC power source having a frequency designated by the arithmetic processing unit 34.
  • a signal is input to the signal input unit 33.
  • a frequency to be output by the arithmetic processing unit 34 is determined according to the input signal, and an instruction is issued to the DC-AC converter 32 to generate an AC power source of that frequency.
  • Control parameters necessary for the calculation performed by the calculation processing unit 34 are stored in the storage unit 35 in advance, and the calculation processing unit 34 reads and writes the memory contents of the storage unit 35 as necessary.
  • FIG. 3 shows the contents stored in the storage unit 35 composed of a volatile memory and a nonvolatile memory. It should be noted that the storage unit may not be provided inside the inverter 30, and a storage device may be attached outside the inverter and used instead.
  • the initial pump secondary pressure (discharge pressure) Hm is stored.
  • the address 1011 stores the frequency increase rate D1 when the pump is restarted (first time), and the addresses 1012 store the frequency increase rate D2 when the pump is restarted (after the second time).
  • the pressure reference value HDG on the pump secondary side used for determination in the abnormality determination process is stored in advance at address 2001 of the nonvolatile memory.
  • the control parameter at address 2002 is not used in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • a cycle TM1 for performing abnormality determination processing is stored in advance at address 2008.
  • a timer set time TM2 for confirming the occurrence frequency of the abnormality is stored in advance.
  • a parameter SLD for selecting whether or not to execute the abnormality determination function is stored in advance at address 2010. If the user sets SLD to 0, the abnormality determination process is not performed. If the user sets SLD to 1, the abnormality determination process is executed when the condition is satisfied.
  • the control parameters from addresses 3100 to 3215 are not used in the first embodiment.
  • a parameter SLA for selecting whether or not to output a failure signal when the number of restart executions reaches the number of times ALE stored in advance at address 7002 is stored in advance.
  • a parameter SLR for selecting whether or not to allow the motor to be restarted when an abnormality is determined in the abnormality determination process is stored in advance.
  • the automatic restart permission upper limit number RSE is stored in advance at address 8002, and when the restart execution number CN exceeds the RSE, restart of the motor is not permitted and the motor is kept stopped.
  • the SLA at address 7001 to 1, the ALE at address 7002 to 2, the SLR at address 8001 to 1, and the RSE at address 8002 to 1.
  • the pressure drop occurs only once.
  • the pump can be restarted without issuing a failure signal, and water supply can be continued.
  • the discharge side pressure is reduced due to factors other than step-out, such as breakage of the discharge side piping, or when the pump is falling, the pressure drops multiple times. At this time, it is possible to protect the pump and related equipment by outputting a failure signal, notifying the abnormality, and stopping the pump without restarting it.
  • step-out due to foreign matter it may occur repeatedly even if step-out occurs. Even in such a case, as in the case of factors other than the above-described step-out, the pump and related equipment are stopped without restarting more than necessary in order to protect the pump and related equipment.
  • a target water supply pressure value HS is stored in advance and detected by the pressure detection means 11 provided on the secondary side pipe of the pump 10 The rotation speed is automatically controlled so that the value matches HS.
  • FIG. 4 shows a control flow of the first embodiment of the present invention when the pump is operated at a constant speed (a constant rotation speed and a constant frequency).
  • step 101 After the operation is started in step 101, the speed reaches the speed specified in step 102, and the discharge-side pressure value Hm at that time is stored in the volatile memory 1010. (103 step)
  • the step-out determination function selection confirmation process is performed in 104 step.
  • step 105 the set value of the abnormality determination cycle timer TM1 stored in advance in the nonvolatile memory 2008 is stored in the remaining time TN1 of the timer 1 in the volatile memory 1003, and the countdown of TN1 is started. If the count of the timer TN1 has not ended in 109 steps, the process waits for the timer TN1 to end, and returns to 109 steps.
  • step 140 it is determined whether the difference between Hm and HN is less than the HDG stored in advance in the nonvolatile memory address 2001.
  • Hm is unchanged in FIG. 4, it may be updated by copying the value of HN to the value of Hm at the time of step 181.
  • the pump when the discharge side pressure of the pump is greatly reduced, the pump is stopped and restarted. If the discharge-side pressure drops without returning to the normal state at the first restart, the second and subsequent restarts are performed.
  • the increasing rate of the command frequency indicating the rotation speed of the synchronous motor in the first restart is set smaller than the increasing rate of the command frequency in the second and subsequent restarts. This is because, when the abnormality that has occurred is an accidental step-out, it is easy to return to the normal state by gradually increasing the command frequency at the first restart.
  • the normal state is restored by the first restart, it can be determined that the cause of the large decrease in the discharge-side pressure was a step-out.
  • the increase rate of the command frequency is increased and restarted after the second restart. Foreign matter may be removed by repeating the start-up.
  • the increase rate of the command frequency at the first restart is made smaller than the increase rate of the command frequency at the second restart, but the frequency increase rate at the second restart is reduced. It is also possible to make it smaller than the frequency increase rate at the start. For example, even if accidental step-out occurs, the normal state can be quickly restored by restarting with a large frequency increase rate. In the second and subsequent times, it may be possible to set a moderate increase rate of the command frequency preliminarily for a case where the recovery to the normal state at the first restart fails due to the accidental step-out.
  • FIG. 5 shows details of 170-step abnormality processing.
  • the current number of restarts is updated in step 301, 1 is added to the stored value of the volatile memory 1005, and the pump is stopped in step 302.
  • a parameter SLA for selecting whether or not to output a failure signal stored in advance in the non-volatile memory 7001 is confirmed. If SLA is set to 0, no failure signal is output in step 306 and 306 is output. Proceed to step.
  • the abnormality detection count ALE that starts outputting the failure signal stored in advance in the nonvolatile memory 7002 in step 304, and the current stored in the volatile memory 1005
  • the restart execution times CN are compared, and if ALE is greater than or equal to CN, a failure signal is output in step 305. If ALE is less than CN, it is determined in step 306 that no failure signal is output, and the flow proceeds to step 307.
  • step 307. It is desirable to change the conditions for restart permission depending on the number and frequency of restarts, the characteristics of the equipment, and the intended use.
  • the parameter SLR for selecting the automatic restart permission stored in advance in the non-volatile memory 8001 is confirmed. If the restart is permitted, the process proceeds to step 308. If not permitted, the process proceeds to step 309. Wait for input. In step 308, if the number of detected abnormalities is 1 or less, the increase rate of the command frequency at restart stored in advance in the non-volatile memory 1011 in step 310 is set to D1. When the number of times of abnormality detection is two or more, the increase rate of the command frequency at restart stored in advance in the nonvolatile memory 1012 at step 311 is set to D2.
  • the upper limit number RSE of automatic restarts is compared with the current restart execution number CN stored in the volatile memory 1005, and when RSE exceeds CN, A reset instruction may be given manually.
  • the set value of the abnormality frequency confirmation timer TM2 stored in advance in the nonvolatile memory 2009 at the time of detecting the abnormality is set to the timer in the volatile memory 1004. 2 The remaining time is stored in TN2, and TN2 is counted down. If an abnormality is detected again before TN2 becomes 0, a condition that restart is not permitted may be added. For example, if TN2 is set to 1 hour, when an abnormality is detected twice within 1 hour, it can be estimated that the cause is not an accidental step-out, but an external factor.
  • FIG. 6 shows a control flow of the present invention when the automatic operation is performed so that the supply water pressure is constant by the automatic water supply device.
  • step 104 step-out determination function selection confirmation processing is performed. If the selection of the step-out determination function is confirmed, it is determined in step 130 whether the current discharge-side pressure is higher than the target pressure HS stored in advance in the nonvolatile memory 9001. If the current discharge-side pressure is higher than the target pressure HS, a deceleration instruction is issued in 131 steps. When an instruction for deceleration is given, the output frequency is changed in 132 steps. Conversely, if the current discharge-side pressure is lower than the target pressure HS, an acceleration instruction is given in step 133. When acceleration is instructed, the output frequency is changed in 135 steps.
  • the setting value of the step-out determination cycle timer TM1 stored in advance in the non-volatile memory 2008 at step 105 is stored in the timer 1 remaining time TN1 of the volatile memory 1003, and the countdown of TN1 is performed.
  • the current discharge side pressure HN is stored in step 134, and it is determined in step 142 whether the difference between HN and the target pressure HS is less than HDG.
  • step 130 If the difference between the discharge side pressure and HS is greater than or equal to HDG, it is determined that there is a possibility of a step-out, and the process at the time of abnormality in 170 steps is performed. And return to step 130.
  • a step-out is detected by a change in the pump secondary pressure and a change in the load current value.
  • FIG. 3 shows the contents of the volatile memory and the nonvolatile memory stored in the storage unit.
  • the contents of the memory are the same as in the first embodiment, but in this embodiment, the load current value AN on the secondary side of the pump when starting the step-out determination is recorded at address 1002.
  • FIG. 7 shows a control flow of this embodiment when the pump is operated at a constant speed (a constant rotation speed and a constant frequency).
  • step 101 After reaching the speed specified in step 102, the original discharge-side pressure Hm is stored in address 1010 of the volatile memory in step 103.
  • step 104 step-out determination function selection confirmation processing is performed.
  • the timer starts counting in 105 steps.
  • step 109 it is confirmed that the timer count has ended.
  • step 106 the current discharge-side pressure is stored as HN in the volatile memory 1001.
  • step 107 the current load current value is stored as AN in the volatile memory 1002.
  • Fig. 14 shows general pump characteristics.
  • the discharge-side pressure is Ha and the load current value is Aa at the discharge flow rate Qa.
  • the discharge side pressure decreases to Hb, and the load current value increases to Ab. It can be seen that the load current value increases as the discharge side pressure decreases.
  • step 143 If HN-Hm is greater than or equal to HDG in step 143, it is determined normal in step 160 and the process returns to step 105.
  • HN ⁇ Hm is less than HDG, it is determined whether the current load current value is greater than AN + ADG in 144 steps, and if it is greater than AN + ADG, it is determined normal in 161 steps, and the process returns to 105 steps.
  • FIG. 8 shows a control flow of the present invention in the case where automatic operation is performed so that the supply water pressure becomes constant by the automatic water supply apparatus.
  • step 100 When a decrease in discharge side pressure is detected in step 100, operation starts in step 101. After reaching the speed specified in step 103, step-out determination function selection confirmation processing is performed in step 104. After the step-out determination function selection confirmation process, the current load current value is stored as AN in the volatile memory 1002 at step 107.
  • step 130 it is determined whether the discharge side pressure is higher than the target pressure HS stored in advance in the nonvolatile memory 9001. When the discharge side pressure is higher than the target pressure HS, a deceleration instruction is issued in 131 steps. When an instruction for deceleration is given, the output frequency is changed in 132 steps. On the other hand, if the discharge side pressure is lower than the target pressure HS, the acceleration is instructed in step 133. When acceleration is instructed, the current discharge-side pressure is stored as HN in the volatile memory 1001 at 134 steps, and then the output frequency is changed at 135 steps.
  • Step 143 If the specified speed is reached, go to step 143.
  • the control flow is the same as that in the case of operating the pump at a constant speed (a constant rotation speed, a constant frequency) (FIG. 7) after Step 143, the description is omitted.
  • the step-out can be detected more accurately by combining the discharge side pressure and the load current value.
  • the pump characteristic data is stored in the storage unit, and the discharge side pressure or the load current value at the operation frequency (command frequency) during the pump operation matches the value calculated from the characteristic data.
  • a step-out is detected by comparing whether or not to do so.
  • FIG. 3 shows the contents of the volatile memory and the nonvolatile memory stored in the storage unit.
  • the calculated discharge side pressure HC obtained by the pump characteristic calculation process is stored at address 1006 of the volatile memory.
  • the calculated load current value AC obtained by the pump characteristic calculation process is stored at address 1007.
  • the calculated flow rate QC obtained by the pump characteristic calculation process is stored at address 1008.
  • it is determined whether or not the difference between the result obtained by the pump characteristic calculation process and the actual detection value is within the determination reference value, and the result is stored. If the calculated value and the detected value match, 0 is stored, and if the calculated value and the detected value do not match, 1 is stored.
  • the pump characteristic data is recorded at addresses 3100 to 3215 of the nonvolatile memory.
  • Pump at measurement point 1 (recorded at 3100), flow rate (recorded at 3101), current (recorded at 3102), head at measurement point 2 (recorded at 3101) in operation at an arbitrary frequency of the pump (recorded at 3115) 3120), flow rate (recorded at 3104 address), current (recorded at 3105 address), and lift at measurement point 3, measurement point 4, flow rate, current, lift at measurement point 5 (recorded at address 3112) ,
  • the flow rate (recorded at address 3113) and the current (recorded at address 3114) are stored in advance in a nonvolatile memory.
  • FIG. 15 shows the relationship between the pump characteristic data stored in addresses 3100 to 3215.
  • One set of pump characteristic data may be used, but since it is better that the current frequency and the frequency of the pump characteristic data recorded in advance are closer in the pump characteristic calculation process, measurement points 1 to 4 at other frequencies (recorded at 3215) It is better to store the head, flow rate, and current at 5. Needless to say, it is better to store three or more frequencies and corresponding data instead of two frequencies.
  • FIG. 9 shows a control flow of the present invention in the case where automatic operation is performed so that the supply water pressure becomes constant by the automatic water supply apparatus.
  • step 100 When a decrease in discharge side pressure is detected in step 100, operation starts in step 101. After reaching the speed specified in step 103, step-out determination function selection confirmation processing is performed in step 104. Thereafter, in step 130, it is determined whether the discharge side pressure is higher than the target pressure HS stored in advance in the nonvolatile memory 9001. When the discharge side pressure is higher than the target pressure HS, a deceleration instruction is issued in 131 steps. When an instruction for deceleration is given, the output frequency is changed in 132 steps. On the other hand, if the discharge side pressure is lower than the target pressure HS, the acceleration is instructed in step 133. When acceleration is instructed, the output frequency is changed in 135 steps.
  • step 151 the current discharge side pressure is stored as HN in the volatile memory 1001
  • step 152 the current load current value is stored as AN in the volatile memory 1002.
  • pump characteristic calculation processing is performed at step 154.
  • step 155 it is determined whether the current output (detected value) matches the calculation result (calculated value). If they match (when the value CS stored in the volatile memory 1009 is 0), it is determined to be normal in 160 steps, and the process returns to 103 steps. If the current output (detected value) and the calculation result (calculated value) do not match (when CS is 1), it is determined that the step is out, 170-step abnormality processing is performed, and restart processing is performed. Later, the pump is restarted in 180 steps and the process returns to 103 steps.
  • FIG. 10 shows details (example 1) of the pump characteristic calculation process of 154 steps.
  • HzN is read from the volatile memory address 1000
  • HN is read from the address 1001
  • AN is read from the address 1002.
  • step 401 the pump characteristic curve at the current command frequency HzN is calculated from HzN and the characteristic data recorded in advance at addresses 3100 to 3215 of the nonvolatile memory.
  • the current flow rate QC is calculated from the pump characteristic curve calculated in step 411 and the current discharge side pressure HN. From the flow rate QC calculated in step 412 and the current command frequency HzN, a calculated load current value AC at the flow rate QC is obtained. In step 413, it is confirmed whether the difference between the current load current value AN and the calculated load current value AC is smaller than the ADG stored in advance in the non-volatile memory 2002, and the difference between AN and AC is within ADG In step 431, the current output coincides with the calculation result, and 0 is stored in the comparison CS with the calculation result of the volatile memory 1009. If the difference between AN and AC exceeds ADG, the current output and the calculation result do not match at step 432, and 1 is stored in CS. Proceed to step 155 after the process is completed.
  • FIG. 11 shows another example (Example 2) of the pump characteristic calculation process of 154 steps.
  • the flow rate QC is calculated from the discharge side pressure in step 411
  • the load current value AC is calculated in step 412
  • the current load current value AN is calculated in step 413.
  • the flow rate QC is calculated from the load current value in step 421
  • the discharge side pressure HC is calculated in step 422
  • the current discharge side pressure HN is calculated in step 413
  • the calculated discharge side Compare the pressure HC.
  • the current pump operation state is calculated from the flow rate, discharge side pressure, load current value, current discharge side pressure HN or load current value AN at each frequency recorded in advance in the storage unit.
  • FC1 (F1 ⁇ FC) Equation 1
  • FC2 (F1 ⁇ FC) 2
  • FC3 (F1 ⁇ FC) 3 Equation 3 I ask.
  • the performance data H11, H12, H13, H14, H15 (3100, 3103,... (Recorded at address 3112) is multiplied by FC1 to obtain HC1, HC2, HC3, HC4, and HC5.
  • the flow rate performance data Q11, Q12, Q13, Q14, Q15 (recorded at addresses 3101, 3104,..., 3113) are respectively multiplied by FC2 to obtain QC1, QC2, QC3, QC4, and QC5.
  • the performance data A11, A12, A13, A14, A15 (recorded at addresses 3102, 3105,..., 3114) related to current are respectively multiplied by FC3 to be AC1, AC2, AC3, AC4, and AC5.
  • the flow rate QC when the load current value is AC at the command frequency HzN is obtained from Equation 5 (corresponding to step 421 in FIG. 11). From Equation 4, the discharge-side pressure HC when the flow rate is QC at the command frequency HzN can be obtained (corresponding to step 422 in FIG. 11).
  • the frequency of the pump characteristic data that is measured and stored in advance may be one.
  • a plurality of operating frequencies are used. Save the characteristic data in, select the data closest to the current operating frequency from the characteristic data, perform the above-mentioned characteristic data calculation process, more accurately determine the QH curve and QA curve, as a result It is possible to accurately grasp the pump operating state.
  • the step-out determination is performed based on the change during operation.
  • abnormalities can be accurately detected in a short time by comparing the actual measured operating state with the pump characteristic data measured and stored in advance as described above. Is superior in that it can be detected.

Abstract

 L'invention porte sur un système de pompe, lequel système a une unité de pompe qui a une hélice disposée à l'intérieur d'un carter de pompe, un moteur synchrone pour entraîner l'hélice en rotation, et un onduleur pour commander le moteur synchrone, l'onduleur ayant une unité d'entrée de signal pour entrer des signaux à partir de moyens de détection de pression pour détecter une pression d'eau fournie à un côté de décharge de l'unité de pompe, un processeur de calcul pour décider de la vitesse de rotation du moteur synchrone, une unité de stockage pour stocker des paramètres de commande nécessaires aux calculs effectués par le processeur de calcul, et un convertisseur d'énergie pour fournir un courant de commande à partir du taux d'augmentation de la vitesse de rotation du moteur synchrone pendant le premier redémarrage dans un cas dans lequel le moteur synchrone ne démarre pas normalement dans le premier redémarrage.
PCT/JP2013/072936 2013-08-28 2013-08-28 Système de pompe WO2015029147A1 (fr)

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JP2015533833A JP6134800B2 (ja) 2013-08-28 2013-08-28 ポンプシステム
CN201380078587.1A CN105452670B (zh) 2013-08-28 2013-08-28 泵系统
PCT/JP2013/072936 WO2015029147A1 (fr) 2013-08-28 2013-08-28 Système de pompe

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