Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D41/00—Freewheels or freewheel clutches
  • F16D41/12—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with hinged pawl co-operating with teeth, cogs, or the like
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D41/00—Freewheels or freewheel clutches
  • F16D41/06—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with intermediate wedging coupling members between an inner and an outer surface
  • F16D41/069—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with intermediate wedging coupling members between an inner and an outer surface the intermediate members wedging by pivoting or rocking, e.g. sprags
  • F16D41/07—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with intermediate wedging coupling members between an inner and an outer surface the intermediate members wedging by pivoting or rocking, e.g. sprags between two cylindrical surfaces
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D2300/00—Special features for couplings or clutches
  • F16D2300/12—Mounting or assembling
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D41/00—Freewheels or freewheel clutches
  • F16D41/12—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with hinged pawl co-operating with teeth, cogs, or the like
  • F16D41/16—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with hinged pawl co-operating with teeth, cogs, or the like the action being reversible

Definitions

• the invention relates to a freewheel, with the aid of either a torque transmission can be permitted or interrupted, for example, for selectively connecting an electric machine to a drive train of a motor vehicle.
• a known pawl freewheel 10 illustrated in FIG. 1 has an inner ring 12 and a relatively rotatable outer ring 14 arranged coaxially to the inner ring 12.
• the inner ring 12 has a plurality of receiving pockets 16, in each of which a locking pawl designed as a locking element 18 is pivotally inserted, so that the locking element 18 between the illustrated blocking position in which the locking element 18 in a relative rotation in a first circumferential direction in a locking recess 20 of the outer ring 14 engages, and a freewheeling position in which the locking element 18 is pressed in a relative rotation in a first circumferential direction opposite second circumferential direction against the spring force of a support spring 22 from the locking recess 20 of the outer ring 14, can be pivoted.
• additional second locking element 24 are provided, which engages between the locking position in which the second locking element 24 in a relative rotation in the second circumferential direction in the locking recess 20 of the outer ring 14, and the illustrated freewheeling position in which the second locking element 24 at a Relative rotation in the first circumferential direction against the spring force of the support spring 22 is pushed out of the locking recess 20 of the outer ring 14, can be pivoted.
• a rotatable relative to the inner ring 12 switching cage 26 either the locking element 18 or the second locking element 24 can be forced against the spring force of the support spring 22 in its freewheeling position.
• a freewheel for blocking or interrupting a torque transmission in particular for selectively connecting an electric machine to a drive train of a motor vehicle, provided with a first ring for initiating and / or discharging a torque, a coaxially coaxial with the first ring arranged second ring for discharging and / or initiation of the torque and at least two pivotable between a blocking position and a freewheeling blocking elements, wherein the blocking element in the blocking position locks the first ring with the second ring for transmitting torque and in the freewheeling position allows relative rotation of the first ring to the second ring to interrupt the torque transmission , wherein between the blocking element and the second ring in the blocking position, a manufacturing tolerance t is present and the second ring is displaceable relative to the first ring in a radial plane about a positional tolerance T, wherein the Lütoler T is greater than the manufacturing tolerance t.
• a power flow over exactly one locking element is usually not sufficient.
• the blocking element can be clamped in the blocking position between the first ring and the second ring and loaded on pressure, so that in the event that the entire power flow over only a single blocking element is running, the blocking element can be plastically deformed or even kinked. Furthermore, this considerable lateral forces are exerted on a bearing of the freewheel. If the highest possible torque is to be transmitted, it should therefore be ensured that as many locking elements as possible are simultaneously active in the force flow between the first ring and the second ring for torque transmission.
• the manufacturing tolerance t that results between the blocking element and the second ring in the blocking position can be composed, in particular, by a positional tolerance of a receiving pocket provided in the first ring for the pivotable mounting of the blocking element, a production tole.
• the manufacturing tolerance t between the blocking element and the second ring is thus the result of a longer tolerance chain, so that an increase in the tolerance requirements would lead to a significant increase in the manufacturing cost of the freewheel.
• the second ring is not exactly centered relative to the first ring. Instead, the second ring is deliberately only roughly centered relative to the first ring, wherein the position tolerance T of the relative position of the second ring to the first ring in a perpendicular to a rotational axis of the freewheel radial plane exceeds the manufacturing tolerance t between the locking element and the second ring.
• the second ring In the blocking position of the locking elements, the second ring may initially rest for tolerance due to only one locking element. When a torque is introduced into the freewheel, is initially a tendency of the first ring and the second ring to rotate in front of each other.
• the second ring can be supported on the locking element already contacting the second ring and thereby rotate about a center of rotation displaced eccentrically to the center of rotation of the first ring until the second ring contacts another blocking element.
• the support on the locking elements does not necessarily have to be rigid, but rather may be designed to be somewhat yielding, for example, by elastic deformations of the locking elements and / or play with respect to the relative angular position of the locking elements relative to the first ring in the blocking position.
• the second ring after contact with the two blocking elements, can in turn around a center of rotation displaced eccentrically to the center of rotation of the first ring until the second ring contacts another blocking element, and so on.
• the second ring can move substantially freely relative to the first ring in the radial plane until the second ring is uniformly supported in the blocking position on all locking elements.
• the second ring can be automatically centered on the blocking elements even with a coarse manufacturing tolerance t between the blocking element and the second ring. Since the second ring can be centered automatically by its positional shift within the radial plane relative to the locking elements and not relative to the first ring, the manufacturing tolerance t between the locking element and the second ring can be compensated, so that in the blocking position all locking elements in the transmission of the Torque be charged substantially equally, creating a Freewheel with a long service life at high torques to be transmitted is possible.
• the first ring may be configured as an inner ring, while the second ring is configured as an outer ring.
• the first ring may be configured as an outer ring, while the second ring is configured as an inner ring.
• a plurality of locking elements are provided, which are preferably distributed uniformly in the circumferential direction.
• the freewheel is designed in particular switchable.
• the switching cage may in particular be spaced in a neutral position relative to the blocking element and allow a pivoting movement of the blocking element between the blocking position and the freewheeling position.
• the switching cage in a first switching position, the locking element in the freewheeling position and / or lock in a second switching position, the locking element in the blocking position.
• a first blocking element which blocks in a relative rotation in a first circumferential direction
• a second blocking element which blocks in a relative rotation in a direction opposite to the first circumferential direction second circumferential direction provided.
• both the first blocking element and the second blocking element or only the first blocking element or only the second blocking element are designed to be switchable.
• the first blocking element and the second blocking element are provided in pairs and can preferably be pressed in the respective freewheeling position in a common receiving recess of the first ring.
• a support spring in the blocking position the blocking element press against a stop to provide a defined maximum possible relative angle to the first ring in the blocking position.
• the second ring has a locking recess into which the blocking element can be pressed in particular by the supporting spring in the blocking position in order to transmit a torque between the first ring and the second ring.
• the blocking element In the blocking position, the blocking element can in particular be positively clamped between the first ring and the second ring.
• the support spring may in particular be designed as a projecting elastically bendable spring plate, which preferably bears substantially in the tangential direction with a particular rounded end bent to the locking element between the freewheeling position and the locking position with a spring force.
• the support spring can in particular with a first tangential end to the first blocking element and with a in one opposite set tangential direction facing second tangential end attack on the second blocking element.
• the freewheel can be provided in particular in a coupled to a drive shaft of an automotive engine pulley, in particular for driving Kraftchristnebenaggregaten and / or for connecting a preferably designed as a starter generator starter for starting the motor vehicle engine, to couple the pulley on the freewheel with the drive shaft.
• an electric machine can be coupled to a drive train of a motor vehicle via the belt pulley.
• the second ring has enough space to be aligned within the radial plane of the locking elements.
• a particularly cost-effective clearance can be provided for the second ring relative to the first ring.
• a maximum relative angular position of the locking element is defined to the first ring in the blocking position by a stop on a different stop from the second ring, wherein the stop in particular by the first ring or a rotatable relative to the first ring switching cage for releasing or locking the locking element in the blocking position and / or is formed in the freewheeling position.
• the relative angular position of the locking element to the first ring in the blocking position can be defined independently of the first ring, so that in particular an excessive tilting of the locking element during the centering phase of the second ring relative to the locking elements can be avoided.
• a defined center of rotation for the second ring can be specified by the voltage applied to the second ring locking element when the blocking element abuts against the stop.
• the first ring and / or the second ring is centered on a pre-centering ring with the positional tolerance T.
• the Vorzentrierring can be configured in particular as a sleeve on the inside or outside of the pre-centering takes place with the position tolerance T. Excessive displacement of the second ring in the radial direction relative to the first ring can be avoided. Before the second ring abuts the first ring, a striking of the first ring and / or the second ring on the primary ring may occur. take place.
• the first ring and / or the second ring is part of a torsional vibration damper, wherein in particular the first ring and / or the second ring an input flange or an output flange of a torsional vibration decoupler with substantially tangentially attacking energy storage elements, in particular bow springs formed.
• the first ring and / or the second ring may in this case in particular have such an extent in the radial direction that in all extreme positions within the positional tolerance T the energy storage elements can act.
• the energy storage elements can provide a clearance angle, which allows a displacement of the first ring and / or the second ring in the radial plane within the positional tolerance T.
• the torsional vibration damper can thereby be particularly insensitive to a change in position of the first ring and / or the second ring in the radial plane.
• an inner ring of the freewheel is fixedly connected to a Drehmomentein effetselement, in particular a drive shaft of an automotive engine, or a Drehmomentaus effetselement, in particular a pulley for connecting ancillaries, while the torsional vibration damper is fixedly connected to the Drehmomentaus effetselement or the torque introduction element, wherein an outer ring of the freewheel with the position tolerance T in the radial plane is designed to be movable in a manner to the inner ring.
• first locking elements are provided in a relative rotation of the first ring relative to the second ring in a first circumferential direction locking set of a plurality of first locking elements.
• the plurality of locking elements acting on the locking elements in the transmission of the torque in the locked position forces can be divided into the corresponding number of locking elements, so that the stress of a single locking element is correspondingly lower.
• occurring lateral forces can compensate each other.
• the blocking elements can achieve a defined centering of the second ring, in particular via a three-point centering.
• a set of a plurality of second locking elements which blocks a relative rotation of the first ring relative to the second ring in a second circumferential direction opposite to the first circumferential direction, is provided, in particular at least three second locking elements being provided.
• the particular switchable freewheel can thereby be effective at two different relative rotations in the circumferential direction.
• both in a relative rotation of the first ring to the second ring in a first circumferential direction and in a relative rotation of the first ring to the second ring in one of the first circumferential direction opposite second circumferential direction carried out an automatic centering of the second ring on the locking elements.
• the invention further relates to a method for centering a freewheel, which may be formed and further developed as described above, wherein in a torque-free state of the freewheel blocking a relative rotation of the first ring relative to the second ring in a first circumferential direction locking set of several locking elements the number N is in the blocking position and the second ring is applied to n locking elements, where n is less than N, then a torque in the first ring and / or in the second ring is introduced and subsequently the second ring within the radial plane of its relative position to the first Ring changed until the second ring is applied to more than n locking elements, in particular N locking elements.
• N and n are natural integer numbers greater than zero.
• the second ring is supported on the n blocking elements during the change of its relative position in the radial plane.
• the support on the locking elements does not necessarily have to be rigid, but rather may be designed to be somewhat yielding, for example, by elastic deformations of the locking elements and / or play with respect to the relative angular position of the locking elements relative to the first ring in the blocking position.
• the at least one locking element contacting the second ring can thereby have a center of rotation displaced eccentrically to the center of rotation of the first ring during centering for the second center of rotation Reach ring so that the second ring can twist until the second ring contacted another blocking element.
• the second ring after contact with the two blocking elements, can in turn turn around a center of rotation displaced eccentrically to the center of rotation of the first ring until the second ring contacts another blocking element, and so on.
• the second ring can move substantially freely relative to the first ring in the radial plane until the second ring is uniformly supported in the blocking position on all locking elements.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a previously known pawl freewheel
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic detail view of the detail II from FIG. 1 and FIG. 2
• FIG. 3 shows a schematic sectional view of a freewheel according to the invention.
• the illustrated in Fig. 3 designed as a pawl freewheel 10 inventive freewheel has as the first ring an inner ring 12 and a second ring coaxial with the inner ring 12 arranged relatively rotatable outer ring 14.
• the inner ring 12 has a plurality of receiving pockets 16, in each of which a locking pawl designed as a locking element 18 is pivotally inserted, so that the locking element 18 between the illustrated blocking position in which the locking element 18 in a relative rotation in a first circumferential direction in a locking recess 20 of the outer ring 14 engages, and a freewheeling position in which the locking element 18 is pressed in a relative rotation in a first circumferential direction opposite second circumferential direction against the spring force of a support spring 22 from the locking recess 20 of the outer ring 14, can be pivoted.
• additional second locking element 24 are provided, which engages between the illustrated locking position in which the second locking element 24 in a relative rotation in the second circumferential direction in the locking recess 20 of the outer ring 14, and the freewheeling position in which the second locking element 24 at a Relative rotation in the first circumferential direction against the spring force of the support spring 22 from the locking recess 20 of the Outer ring 14 is pushed out, can be pivoted.
• a rotatable relative to the inner ring 12 switching cage 26 either the locking element 18 or the second locking element 24 can be forced against the spring force of the support spring 22 in its freewheeling position, wherein the switching cage 26 is not shown in Fig. 3.
• the switching cage 26 can press against the blocking element 24 with a stop 28.
• a tolerance chain can be present through the positional and / or manufacturing tolerances between the blocking element 18, 24 and the outer ring 14 within the blocking recess 20 in the blocking position to produce a manufacturing tolerance t leads and can interrupt a power flow through this blocking element 18, 24.
• For automatic compensation of the manufacturing tolerance t of the outer ring 14 is only roughly centered on the inner ring 12 by the outer ring 14 is used with a manufacturing tolerance t exceeding position tolerance T, for example, in a Vorzentrierring 30 and thereby displaced within a radial plane of the pawl freewheel 10 relative to the inner ring 12 can.
• the pre-centering ring 30 can prevent a sinking of the outer ring 14 under gravity up to the inner ring 12 in a vertical installation.
• the outer ring 14 can rotate freely relative to the inner ring 12.
• the outer ring 14 can automatically center on the blocking elements 18 or on the second blocking elements 24, depending on the direction of relative rotation, until, in particular, a three-point centering of the outer ring 14 on the blocking elements 18, 24 has taken place and the production tolerance t is compensated.
• the center of the outer ring 14 may be different from the center of rotation of the inner ring 12.
• the outer ring 14 has an output flange 32 of a torsional vibration damper 34.
• the torsional vibration damper 34 has energy storage elements designed as a spring 36, which can transmit an introduced torque to the output flange 32 in a manner that absorbs vibration.
• the bow springs 36 engage substantially tangentially on the output flange 32 of the outer ring 14, wherein the output flange 23 has a radial extent, which allows a safe application of force even with a shift within the radial plane to the position tolerance T.
• the bow springs 36 allow a certain clearance angle, so that the change in position of the outer ring 14 when centering on the locking elements 18, 24 does not significantly affect the functioning of the torsional vibration damper 34.
• the torsional vibration damper 34 is designed in the illustrated embodiment as a torsional vibration decoupler. It is also possible as a torsional vibration damper 34 to provide a rubber damper, in which a flywheel is connected via an elastic material, in which case in particular the Vorzentrierring 30 may be omitted.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Arrangement And Mounting Of Devices That Control Transmission Of Motive Force (AREA)
• Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)

Priority Applications (4)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Publications (1)

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Cited By (2)

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• 2014
  • 2014-07-25 CN CN201480045228.0A patent/CN105473885B/zh active Active
  • 2014-07-25 WO PCT/DE2014/200354 patent/WO2015021974A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2014-07-25 DE DE102014214628.3A patent/DE102014214628A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2014-07-25 JP JP2016533819A patent/JP2016528455A/ja active Pending
  • 2014-07-25 DE DE112014003734.6T patent/DE112014003734A5/de not_active Ceased
  • 2014-07-25 KR KR1020167006407A patent/KR102254347B1/ko active IP Right Grant

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