WO2015015647A1 - 作業車両 - Google Patents
作業車両 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015015647A1 WO2015015647A1 PCT/JP2013/071064 JP2013071064W WO2015015647A1 WO 2015015647 A1 WO2015015647 A1 WO 2015015647A1 JP 2013071064 W JP2013071064 W JP 2013071064W WO 2015015647 A1 WO2015015647 A1 WO 2015015647A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- charging
- charging device
- terminal
- control device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/66—Arrangements of batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/11—DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
- B60L53/16—Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/62—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/66—Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/25—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by controlling the electric load
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
- B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
- B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
- B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
- B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
- B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
- B66F9/07504—Accessories, e.g. for towing, charging, locking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
- B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
- B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
- B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
- B66F9/07572—Propulsion arrangements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
- B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
- B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
- B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
- B66F9/20—Means for actuating or controlling masts, platforms, or forks
- B66F9/24—Electrical devices or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/443—Methods for charging or discharging in response to temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/617—Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/40—Working vehicles
- B60L2200/42—Fork lift trucks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/545—Temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/40—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the exchange of charge or discharge related data
- H02J7/42—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the exchange of charge or discharge related data with electronic devices having internal batteries, e.g. mobile phones
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a battery-type work vehicle equipped with a battery and traveling by an electric motor driven by electric power supplied from the battery, for example.
- Patent Literature 1 describes a charging system that manages charging of an operator's battery at a base station including a charging device.
- the charging device may be enlarged.
- An object of the present invention is to perform battery management while suppressing an increase in size of a vehicle in a battery-type work vehicle.
- the present invention includes a battery and at least one electric motor, and the electric motor is a work vehicle driven by electric power supplied from the battery, and is for power supply provided in a charging device installed outside the work vehicle.
- a terminal for charging that is connected when the battery is charged a terminal for communication that is used when the charging device communicates with the work vehicle, a terminal for communication that is connected when the battery is charged, and the work vehicle.
- a vehicle-mounted control device that controls the charging device via the communication terminal when the battery is charged.
- the battery supplies power consumed by a control unit that is provided in the charging device and controls charging of the battery during charging.
- a signal terminal to which a start unit for starting the in-vehicle control device by a signal from the charging device when charging the battery and a terminal for transmitting a signal from the charging device when charging the battery are connected And preferably.
- the charging terminal, the communication terminal, and the signal terminal are arranged in the same connector.
- the in-vehicle control device After being activated by the activation unit, the in-vehicle control device sets the switch to a conductive state, supplies power from the battery to the charging device, and completes activation from the charging device via the communication terminal.
- the charging of the battery by the charging device is started, and when the storage amount of the battery becomes a predetermined amount or more, the charging of the battery by the charging device is preferably stopped. .
- the on-vehicle control device When the on-vehicle control device receives a stop signal from the charging device, it is preferable that the switch is brought into a non-conduction state to stop the supply of power to the charging device.
- the present invention can manage a battery in a battery type work vehicle while suppressing an increase in size of the vehicle.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a work vehicle charging system according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a side view showing a state in which the battery-type forklift according to the present embodiment is viewed from the left side.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which the battery-type forklift according to the present embodiment is viewed obliquely from the upper left rear side.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram for explaining an electric system of the battery-type forklift according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a battery provided in the battery-type forklift according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the charging device side connector and the charging connector.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an example of operations of the in-vehicle control device and the charging device when charging the battery.
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the battery and the battery case according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a plan view showing the battery and the battery case according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a right side view showing the battery and the battery case according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a left side view showing the battery and the battery case according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view illustrating an example of a battery cell included in the battery according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is an AA arrow view of FIG.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between the battery case and the crosspiece.
- FIG. 15 is a plan view showing a state in which the upper part of the battery case is removed.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating the structure of the storage case.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a work vehicle charging system according to the present embodiment.
- the battery-type forklift 1 will be described as an example of the work vehicle, but the work vehicle is not limited to this.
- the work vehicle may be a wheel loader or a hydraulic excavator driven by electric power from a battery or electric power obtained from a generator driven by an engine or the like.
- the Work vehicle charging system 100 includes a battery-type forklift 1 and a charging device 2.
- the battery-type forklift 1 is a battery-type work vehicle including a battery 30 as a work vehicle battery and at least one electric motor driven by electric power supplied from the battery 30.
- the at least one electric motor is, for example, an electric motor for running the battery-type forklift 1.
- the charging device 2 is a stationary device installed in the building HT or under the eaves of the building HT.
- the charging device 2 is supplied with a three-phase alternating current from the switchboard 3 in the building HT.
- the charging device 2 can rapidly charge the battery 30 of the battery-type forklift 1.
- the switchboard 3 is supplied with AC power from, for example, a pole transformer 4.
- the pole transformer 4 is supplied with AC power from the substation via the power line 5.
- the charging device side connector 24 of the charging device 2 is connected to the charging connector 23 during a break time, and the battery 30 is charged. When using the break time, the battery 30 is rapidly charged.
- FIG. 2 is a side view showing a state in which the battery-type forklift according to the present embodiment is viewed from the left side.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which the battery-type forklift according to the present embodiment is viewed obliquely from the upper left rear side.
- the side where the fork 13 is provided is the front
- the side where the counterweight 20 is provided is the rear.
- the side from the driver's seat 34 toward the handle 36 as the operating device is the front
- the side from the handle 36 toward the driver's seat 34 is the rear.
- the operation device includes a handle 36 used for steering the work vehicle and an operation lever for operating the work machine in a hydraulic excavator or a wheel loader.
- left and right refer to the left and right with respect to the front.
- the left-right direction is the width direction of the vehicle body 10 as the main body of the work vehicle.
- the upper side is a side orthogonal to a plane (a ground plane) in contact with at least three of the front wheels 11 and the rear wheels 12, and from the ground plane toward the rotation center axis of the front wheels 11 or the rear wheels 12.
- the lower side is a side from the rotation center axis of the front wheel 11 or the rear wheel 12 toward the ground plane.
- An axis that extends in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body 10 and passes through the center in the width direction of the vehicle body 10 is referred to as a front-rear axis.
- the axis that extends in the vertical direction of the vehicle body 10 is called the vertical axis.
- the vertical axis is orthogonal to both the front-rear axis and the left-right axis.
- the plan view means a state viewed from above.
- the battery-type forklift 1 includes front wheels 11 at the front corners of the vehicle body 10 and rear wheels 12 at the rear corners of the vehicle body 10.
- the battery-type forklift 1 travels when the front wheels 11 are driven by a traveling motor (traveling motor) 50 provided behind the front wheels 11. More specifically, the output of the traveling motor 50 is transmitted to both the front wheels 11 and 11 via the power transmission device 51 having a deceleration function to drive them.
- traveling motor traveling motor
- a PM (Permanent Magnet) type that is, a motor whose rotor has a permanent magnet can be used as the traveling motor 50.
- a PM type electric motor When a PM type electric motor is used as the traveling electric motor 50, it may be an SPM (Surface Permanent Magnet) type or an IPM (Interior Permanent Magnet) type.
- a fork 13 is provided in front of the vehicle body 10 for loading and unloading of luggage.
- the fork 13 is supported by a mast 14 provided along the vertical direction.
- the fork 13 moves up and down along the mast 14 by driving a mast cylinder 15 provided between the fork 13 and the mast 14.
- the mast 14 is attached to the vehicle body 10 so as to be rotatable about the left and right axis at the lower end portion thereof.
- the mast 14 includes a tilt cylinder (not shown) between the mast 14 and the vehicle body 10.
- the mast 14 can take a forward leaning posture or a backward leaning posture with respect to the vehicle body 10 by driving a tilt cylinder.
- a counterweight 20 is provided at the rear end of the vehicle body 10.
- the counterweight 20 is a weight for balancing when the fork 13 supports a load.
- the counterweight 20 is made of metal, but is not limited thereto.
- the counterweight 20 is disposed in a part extending from the part above the rear wheel 12 to the rear end in the vehicle body 10.
- the battery-type forklift 1 includes an accelerator pedal 37, a brake pedal 38, and a traveling direction switching lever 39.
- the accelerator pedal 37 is an operation member that controls the output and rotation direction of the electric motor 50 for traveling.
- the brake pedal 38 is an operation member for stopping the battery-type forklift 1.
- the traveling direction switching lever 39 is an operation member for switching the traveling direction of the battery-type forklift 1 to either the front or the rear.
- the battery-type forklift 1 includes a charging connector 23. When charging the battery 30, the charging connector 23 is connected to the charging device side connector 24 of the charging device 2 shown in FIG. 1. The charging connector 23 is attached with a waterproof cover when the charging device side connector 24 is not connected.
- the battery-type forklift 1 includes a display panel 52 as a display device in front of the handle 36.
- the display panel 52 includes an input unit for making various settings for the battery-type forklift 1 and a display unit for displaying information on the state of the battery-type forklift 1.
- the operator of the battery-type forklift 1 makes various settings for the battery-type forklift 1 via the display panel 52.
- the information on the state of the battery-type forklift 1 displayed on the display unit of the display panel 52 is, for example, the state of the battery 30 or the hydraulic pressure of hydraulic oil supplied to the mast cylinder 15 or the like.
- the hydraulic oil is supplied from a hydraulic pump 56 driven by a cargo handling electric motor 55 described later.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram for explaining an electric system of the battery-type forklift according to the present embodiment.
- the electric system ES of the battery-type forklift 1 includes a control system CS, a power supply system PS, and a drive system DS.
- the control system CS is composed of devices for controlling the battery-type forklift 1.
- the control system CS includes an in-vehicle control device 60, a communication control device 61, an out-of-vehicle communication device 64, and a display panel 52.
- the in-vehicle control device 60 is called a master controller, and for example, a computer is used.
- working with the battery-type forklift 1 and the electric motor 55 for cargo handling are controlled.
- the in-vehicle control device 60 controls the traveling motor 50 via the traveling inverter 57 and controls the cargo handling motor 55 via the cargo handling inverter 58.
- the in-vehicle control device 60 controls the display on the display panel 52, controls communication between the in-vehicle communication device 64 and a management facility outside the vehicle, and monitors the state of the battery 30.
- the vehicle-mounted control device 60 controls the battery-type forklift 1 as a whole.
- the communication control device 61 mainly functions as an interface that mediates communication between the in-vehicle control device 60 and the charging device 2 provided outside the battery-type forklift 1.
- a communication line 68 for communicating with the charging device 2 is connected to the communication control device 61.
- the communication control device 61 detects the temperature Tb and the inter-terminal voltage Vb of the battery 30 and transmits them to the in-vehicle control device 60.
- the out-of-vehicle communication device 64 is a device for communicating with the outside of the battery-type forklift 1 such as a management facility by wireless communication or the like.
- the display panel 52 is controlled by the vehicle-mounted control device 60 and displays information related to the state of the battery-type forklift 1, for example, operating hydraulic pressure or the remaining amount of the battery 30.
- the display panel 52 has an input unit as described above.
- the operator of the battery-type forklift 1 can execute a predetermined function of the battery-type forklift 1 using the display panel 52.
- the operator can execute a function for controlling the charging device 2 included in the in-vehicle control device 60 via the display panel 52.
- the in-vehicle control device 60 is connected to the communication control device 61, the external communication device 64, and the display panel 52 via communication lines NTa and NTc.
- the in-vehicle control device 60 exchanges information with the communication control device 61, the in-vehicle communication device 64, and the display panel 52 via the communication lines NTa and NTc.
- the in-vehicle control device 60 is connected to the traveling inverter 57 and the cargo handling inverter 58 via the communication lines NTa and NTb.
- the in-vehicle control device 60 controls the operation of the traveling motor 50 and the cargo handling motor 55 by controlling the traveling inverter 57 and the cargo handling inverter 58 via the communication lines NTa and NTb.
- the in-vehicle control device 60 controls the charging device 2 when the battery 30 is charged.
- the power supply system PS supplies power used by the battery-type forklift 1.
- the power supply system PS includes a battery 30 and a power supply device 62.
- the battery 30 is a DC power source that supplies DC power.
- the battery 30 supplies power to devices that consume power via the power line 67. Further, the battery 30 is charged from the charging device 2 through the power line 67.
- the terminal voltage Vb described above is a voltage between the power lines 67.
- the power supply device 62 receives supply of power from the battery 30 via the power lines 67, 67A, and 67E, transforms this voltage (steps down in this embodiment), and communicates with the vehicle-mounted control device 60 and the communication via the wiring BLa and the wiring BLb. This is supplied to the control device 61.
- the power supply device 62 is, for example, a DC-DC converter.
- the power supply device 62 has a startup circuit 63.
- an in-vehicle signal line SLi and a ground line GL are connected to the power supply device 62.
- the in-vehicle signal line SLi is a signal line for transmitting a signal from the charging device 2 to the activation circuit 63.
- the charging wire 67C has a contactor 66 as a switch on the way.
- the contactor 66 is provided between the terminal of the battery 30 and the charging terminal provided in the charging connector 23.
- the contactor 66 is controlled by the in-vehicle control device 60.
- the contactor 66 is brought into a conductive state (closed state or ON state) by the in-vehicle control device 60.
- the contactor 66 is brought into a non-conduction state (open state or OFF state) by the in-vehicle control device 60.
- the drive system DS drives the battery-type forklift 1 or drives the hydraulic pump 56 to raise and lower the fork 13.
- the drive system DS includes a traveling inverter 57, a cargo handling inverter 58, a traveling motor 50, and a cargo handling motor 55. Power is supplied from the battery 30 to the traveling inverter 57 and the cargo handling inverter 58 via power lines 67, 67 ⁇ / b> A, 67 ⁇ / b> D.
- the power line 67D is provided with a contactor 69 as a switch.
- the in-vehicle control device 60 controls the contactor 69.
- the contactor 69 When the battery-type forklift 1 is in operation, the contactor 69 is in a conducting state, and electric power is supplied from the battery 30 to the traveling inverter 57 and the cargo handling inverter 58. When the battery-type forklift 1 is stopped, for example, when the battery 30 is charged, the contactor 69 is turned off.
- the charging wire 67C, the communication line 68, the in-vehicle signal line SLi, and the ground line GL are combined into one charging connector 23 and connected to the charging device side connector 24 of the charging device 2. Next, the charging device 2 will be described.
- Charging device 2 includes a control unit 70, a charging device power supply 71, an activation signal generation unit 72, and a power conversion unit 73.
- the charging device 2 can communicate with the battery-type forklift 1.
- the control unit 70 is, for example, a computer, and controls charging of the battery 30 based on a command from the in-vehicle control device 60 of the battery-type forklift 1.
- the control unit 70 controls the current or voltage of the DC power supplied to the battery 30 based on a command for charging the battery 30 transmitted from the in-vehicle control device 60.
- a command for charging the battery 30 from the in-vehicle control device 60 is input to the control unit 70 via the communication line 77.
- the power supply 71 for the charging device transforms the power supplied from the battery 30 mounted on the battery-type forklift 1 (steps down in the present embodiment) and supplies it to the control unit 70. Electric power is supplied to the power supply 71 for the charging device from a power line 76 ⁇ / b> B and a power line 76 ⁇ / b> B branched from the power line 76.
- the control unit 70 is operated by electric power supplied from the charging device power supply 71.
- the charging device power supply 71 is, for example, a DC-DC converter.
- the activation signal generation unit 72 generates a signal for starting the vehicle-mounted control device 60 (hereinafter referred to as an activation signal as appropriate) and transmits the signal to the power supply device 62 of the battery-type forklift 1 via the signal line SL.
- the activation signal generator 72 is connected to an AC power source 6 that is a three-phase AC power source.
- the activation signal generator 72 outputs a DC voltage having a predetermined magnitude as long as a single-phase AC is input from the AC power supply 6. That is, the activation signal generation unit 72 is an AC-DC converter.
- the power conversion unit 73 includes a diode 73D, a switching element 73SW, and a rectification unit 73T.
- the diode 73D rectifies the three-phase alternating current from the alternating current power supply 6.
- the switching element 73 ⁇ / b> SW is controlled to be constant current so that the charging device 2 outputs a constant current by being turned on and off at a predetermined timing by the control unit 70.
- the rectifying unit 73T includes a transformer, and transforms (steps down) the current output from the switching element 73SW and outputs the current.
- the DC power output from the charging device 2 is output to the feeder line 76.
- a sensor 74 for detecting current and voltage is attached to the feeder line 76.
- the control unit 70 Based on at least one of the voltage value and the current value detected by the sensor 74, the control unit 70 has at least one of the DC power voltage and current output from the charging device at a predetermined value instructed by the in-vehicle control device 60. In this manner, the operation of the switching element 73SW is controlled.
- the controller 70 is connected to an emergency stop switch 75 and a coil 75L.
- the emergency stop switch 75 When the emergency stop switch 75 is operated, the control unit 70 stops charging.
- the power supply line 76, the communication line 77, the signal line SL, and the ground line GL described above are combined into one charging connector 23 and connected to the charging device side connector 24 of the charging device 2.
- the charging device side connector 24 and the charging connector 23 are connected. When both are connected, the power supply line 76, the communication line 77, the signal line SL, and the ground line GL on the charging device 2 side, the charging cable 67C on the battery-type forklift side, the communication line 68, the in-vehicle signal line SLi, and the ground line Each of the GLs is electrically connected in this order.
- the electric power from the charging device 2 is supplied to the battery 30 by electrically connecting the power supply line 76 on the charging device 2 side and the charging electric wire 67C on the battery-type forklift side.
- the electric power from the battery 30 is supplied to the charging device power source 71 via the charging wire 67 ⁇ / b> C, the feeding line 76, and the power line 76 ⁇ / b> B branched from the feeding line 76.
- the vehicle-mounted control device 60 of the battery-type forklift 1 is connected to the charging device 2 via the communication control device 61.
- the control unit 70 can be controlled.
- the control unit 70 of the charging device 2 can also transmit information to the in-vehicle control device 60 via the communication control device 61 of the battery-type forklift 1.
- the signal line SL from the activation signal generation unit 72 of the charging device 2 and the in-vehicle signal line SLi of the battery type forklift 1 are connected, and the ground line GL of the charging device 2 and the ground line GL of the battery type forklift 1 are connected.
- the activation signal is input to the activation circuit 63 of the power supply device 62 of the battery-type forklift 1. Then, the starting circuit 63 supplies power from the power supply device 62 to the in-vehicle control device 60 and the communication control device 61 to start them.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a battery provided in the battery-type forklift according to the present embodiment.
- the battery 30 includes a plurality of battery cells 32.
- the battery cell 32 is a control valve type storage battery (for example, a lead storage battery). Such a battery cell 32 is suitable for rapid charging.
- Each battery cell 32 has a terminal voltage of 12V.
- a plurality (six in this example) of battery cells 32 are connected in series to form a plurality (six in this example) of battery cell groups 32L1, 32L2, 32L3, 32L4, 32L5, and 32L6.
- each battery cell group 32L1, 32L2, 32L3, 32L4, 32L5, 32L6 is connected in parallel by, for example, copper bus bars BBp, BBm.
- the battery 30 is a parallel assembled battery in which a plurality of battery cell groups 32L1, 32L2, 32L3, 32L4, 32L5, and 32L6 are connected in parallel.
- the bus bar BBm electrically connects the negative terminal of each battery cell group 32L1, 32L2, 32L3, 32L4, 32L5, 32L6, and the bus bar BBp connects each battery cell group 32L1, 32L2, 32L3, 32L4, 32L5. , 32L6 positive terminal is electrically connected. Fuses Fu1, Fu2, Fu3, Fu4, Fu5, and Fu6 are connected between the bus bar BBp and each of the battery cell groups 32L1, 32L2, 32L3, 32L4, 32L5, and 32L6.
- the battery 30 is a parallel assembled battery, if a variation in temperature occurs in each of the battery cell groups 32L1, 32L2, 32L3, 32L4, 32L5, and 32L6, the internal resistance of the battery cell 32 having a high temperature becomes low and a current flows. It becomes easy. As a result, in each battery cell group 32L1, 32L2, 32L3, 32L4, 32L5, 32L6, there is a possibility that a variation in charging rate or a decrease in durability of the battery cell 32 occurs. Generally, at the time of charging, variation in charging rate and a decrease in durability are suppressed by controlling currents flowing through the respective battery cell groups 32L1, 32L2, 32L3, 32L4, 32L5, and 32L6.
- each battery cell group 32L1, 32L2, 32L3, 32L4, 32L5, 32L6 has the same total wiring length from the bus bar BBp to the bus bar BBm.
- variation in resistance of each of the battery cell groups 32L1, 32L2, 32L3, 32L4, 32L5, and 32L6 can be suppressed, so that it occurs in each of the battery cell groups 32L1, 32L2, 32L3, 32L4, 32L5, and 32L6.
- Variation in temperature can be suppressed.
- the in-vehicle control device 60 included in the battery-type forklift 1 can be charged without individually controlling the current flowing through the battery cell groups 32L1, 32L2, 32L3, 32L4, 32L5, and 32L6 when the battery 30 is charged.
- Variation in rate can be suppressed.
- the in-vehicle control device 60 controls the control unit 70 of the charging device 2 via the communication control device 61, the communication line 68, and the communication line 77.
- the control unit 70 operates according to a command from the in-vehicle control device 60.
- the in-vehicle control device 60 controls the control unit 70 of the charging device 2 based on the temperature Tb of the battery 30 detected by the communication control device 61 when charging the battery 30. For example, when the temperature of the battery 30 rises, the internal resistance of the battery cell 32 decreases, and as a result, more current flows through the battery 30. In the present embodiment, the battery 30 is charged with a constant current.
- the vehicle-mounted control apparatus 60 changes the command value of charging current based on the temperature Tb of the battery 30.
- the in-vehicle control device 60 decreases the charge current command value when the temperature Tb of the battery 30 increases, and increases the charge current command value when the temperature Tb of the battery 30 decreases.
- the in-vehicle control device 60 controls the charging of the battery 30 based on the temperature Tb of the battery 30, so that the current flowing through each of the battery cell groups 32L1, 32L2, 32L3, 32L4, 32L5, and 32L6 is individually determined. No need to control. For this reason, the vehicle-mounted control apparatus 60 can simplify the control at the time of charge. When the battery 30 is quickly charged, the temperature of the battery cell 32 is likely to rise, so the above-described control by the in-vehicle control device 60 is effective.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the charging device side connector and the charging connector.
- the charging device side connector 24 includes a power supply terminal 24Pp to which the charging device 2 side power supply line 76 is connected, a communication terminal 24Psa to which the charging device 2 side communication line 77 is connected, a signal line SL and a ground. And an activation terminal 24Psb to which the line GL is connected.
- the power feeding terminal 24 ⁇ / b> Pp is a terminal that supplies the DC power output from the power conversion unit 73 to the battery 30.
- the communication terminal 24Psa is a terminal for communicating with the battery-type forklift 1, more specifically, the in-vehicle control device 60.
- the activation terminal 24Psb is a terminal for transmitting an activation signal for activating the in-vehicle control device 60 to the activation circuit 63 of the power supply device 62.
- the charging connector 23 includes a charging terminal 23Pp to which a charging wire 67C on the battery-type forklift 1 side is connected, a communication terminal 23Psa to which a communication line 68 on the battery-type forklift 1 side is connected, and the battery-type forklift 1 side.
- the signal terminal 23Psb to which the in-vehicle signal line SLi and the ground line GL are connected is provided.
- the charging terminal 23 ⁇ / b> Pp is a terminal to which the power supply terminal 24 ⁇ / b> Pp included in the charging device 2 is connected when the battery 30 is charged.
- the communication terminal 23Psa is a terminal to which the communication terminal 24Psa used for the charging device 2 to communicate with the battery-type forklift 1 is connected when the battery 30 is charged.
- the signal terminal 23Psb is a terminal for transmitting a signal (specifically, an activation signal) from the charging device 2 when the battery 30 is charged, that is, a terminal to which the activation terminal 24Psb of the charging device 2 is connected. .
- the charging terminal 23Pp, the communication terminal 23Psa, and the signal terminal 23Psb are arranged in the same connector, that is, the charging connector 23. In this way, since it is not necessary to use a plurality of connectors, the work at the time of charging is simplified.
- the power supply terminal 24Pp of the charging device side connector 24 is connected to the charging terminal 23Pp of the charging connector 23, the communication terminal 24Psa of the charging device side connector 24 is connected to the communication terminal 23Psa of the charging connector 23, The starting terminal 24Psb of the charging device side connector 24 is connected to the signal terminal 23Psb of the charging connector 23.
- the length lp of the power supply terminal 24Pp included in the charging device side connector 24 is longer than the length ls of the communication terminal 24Psa and the activation terminal 24Psb. In this way, when the charging device side connector 24 and the charging connector 23 are connected, the power supply terminal 24Pp and the charging terminal 23Pp are first connected, and then the communication terminal 23Psa and the communication terminal 24Psa.
- the signal terminal 23Psb and the activation terminal 24Psb are connected.
- the power supply terminal 24Pp, the communication terminal 24Psa, and the activation terminal 24Psb are arranged in the same connector, that is, the charging device side connector 24. In this way, since it is not necessary to use a plurality of connectors, the work at the time of charging is simplified.
- the control unit 70 of the charging device 2 operates only after the communication terminal 23Psa and the communication terminal 24Psa are connected to establish communication with the vehicle-mounted control device 60 of the battery-type forklift 1. For this reason, before the communication terminal 23Psa and the communication terminal 24Psa are connected, the control unit 70 does not operate, so the charging device 2 does not output power from the power supply line 76. When the fitting between the charging device side connector 24 and the charging connector 23 is incomplete and the connection between the communication terminal 23Psa and the communication terminal 24Psa is insufficient, the charging device 2 is connected to the power supply line 76. Since power is not output, safety is sufficiently ensured.
- the charging device No. 2 does not output power from the feeder line 76, so that safety during charging is sufficiently ensured.
- the length ls of the communication terminal 24Psa is such that the communication terminal 23Psa and the communication terminal 24Psa have a gap when a gap is generated between the charging device side connector 24 and the charging connector 23. It is preferable that the connection is released. In this way, further sufficient safety can be ensured during charging.
- the in-vehicle control device 60 mounted on the battery-type forklift 1 is connected to the control unit of the charging device 2 installed outside the battery-type forklift 1 via the communication control device 61, the communication line 68, and the communication line 77. 70 is controlled. That is, in the present embodiment, the charging device 2 capable of rapid charging is a stationary type, and the control device that performs charging control is an in-vehicle type. In this way, when the connection between the communication terminal 23Psa and the communication terminal 24Psa for connecting the communication line 68 and the communication line 77 between the inside and the outside of the battery-type forklift 1 is released, the battery is charged. The control unit 70 of the device 2 stops operating. As a result, the charging device 2 can ensure sufficient safety because the output of power from the feeder line 76 is stopped.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an example of operations of the in-vehicle control device and the charging device when charging the battery.
- the operator of the battery-type forklift 1 connects the charging device side connector 24 of the charging device 2 to the charging connector 23 of the battery type forklift 1. .
- the activation terminal 24Psb of the charging device side connector 24 and the signal terminal 23Psb of the charging connector 23 are connected, and an activation signal is transmitted from the activation signal generator 72 to the activation circuit 63 of the power supply device 62.
- step S ⁇ b> 102 when the activation circuit 63 receives the activation signal, the power supply device 62 supplies power to the in-vehicle control device 60 and the communication control device 61. Then, in step S103, the in-vehicle control device 60 and the communication control device 61 are activated.
- step S104 the operator or the like performs an operation for starting charging using the display panel 52, for example.
- step S105 the vehicle-mounted control device 60 turns on the contactor 66 provided on the charging wire 67C, that is, makes it conductive.
- the contactor 69 is OFF, that is, non-conductive.
- the battery 30 includes the power conversion unit of the charging device 2 via the power line 67, the charging wire 67C, the charging terminal 23Pp of the charging connector 23, the power supply terminal 24Pp of the charging device side connector 24, and the power supply line 76. 73 is connected.
- step S ⁇ b> 106 the charging device power supply 71 of the charging device 2 is activated and starts supplying power to the control unit 70.
- step S ⁇ b> 107 the control unit 70 is activated by receiving power from the charging device power source 71.
- the control unit 70 transmits an activation completion signal to the in-vehicle control device 60 via the communication control device 61.
- the in-vehicle control device 60 When the in-vehicle control device 60 receives the activation completion signal from the control unit 70 of the charging device 2, it starts charging in step S108. Specifically, the in-vehicle control device 60 transmits a command value for the charging current to the control unit 70 of the charging device 2.
- the control unit 70 drives the power conversion unit 73, more specifically, the switching element 73SW, based on the charging current command value transmitted from the in-vehicle control device 60.
- the power converter 73 supplies the battery 30 with DC power having a current corresponding to the command value of the charging current.
- step S109 the charged amount Q of the battery 30 is compared with a predetermined charged amount Qc. When Q ⁇ Qc (step S109, No), the in-vehicle control device 60 continues charging the battery 30 by the charging device 2.
- in-vehicle control device 60 stops charging of battery 30 by charging device 2 in step S110.
- the vehicle-mounted control device 60 stops charging the battery 30 by transmitting a command value at which the charging current becomes 0 to the control unit 70 of the charging device 2.
- the control unit 70 of the charging device 2 transmits a signal (stop signal) to stop the charging device 2 to the in-vehicle control device 60.
- the in-vehicle control device 60 that has received the stop signal turns off the contactor 66, that is, puts it in a non-conductive state in step S111.
- the contactor 69 is OFF, that is, non-conductive.
- step S112 the supply of power from the battery 30 to the charging device power supply 71 is stopped, and thus the charging device power supply 71 is turned off. By such a procedure, charging of the battery 30 is completed.
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the battery and the battery case according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a plan view showing the battery and the battery case according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a right side view showing the battery and the battery case according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a left side view showing the battery and the battery case according to the present embodiment.
- the battery case 31 includes a bottom portion 31B, an upper portion 31T facing the bottom portion 31B, and side portions 31SF, 31SB, 31SL, and 31SR that connect the bottom portion 31B and the upper portion 31T.
- the battery case 31 is accommodated in a space surrounded by the upper part 31T, the bottom part 31B, and the side parts 31SF, 31SB, 31SL, and 31SR, with at least a part of at least one side surface of the plurality of battery cells 32 in contact with each other.
- the battery case 31 has a storage case 31SC for storing a safety circuit attached to the upper part 31T.
- the storage case 31SC stores the above-described fuses Fu1, Fu2, Fu3, Fu4, Fu5, Fu6 and the contactor 66.
- the battery case 31 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure as shown in FIG.
- the upper portion 31T, the bottom portion 31B, and the side portions 31SF, 31SB, 31SL, and 31SR are all plate-like and rectangular (including square) shaped members.
- FIG. 9 shows a state where the battery 30 is mounted on the battery-type forklift 1.
- the battery 30 has the side portion 31SF of the battery case 31 facing forward and the side portion 31SB of the battery case 31 facing backward. Further, the battery 30 has the side portion 31SL of the battery case 31 facing the left side, and the side portion 31SR of the battery case 31 facing the right side.
- the front and rear correspond to the front and rear of the battery-type forklift 1 shown in FIGS. That is, when the battery 30 is mounted on the battery-type forklift 1, the side portion 31SF faces the front and the side portion 31SB faces the rear.
- the right side portion 31SR has an intake port 31Hi that opens to itself.
- the air inlet 31 ⁇ / b> Hi introduces gas into the battery case 31.
- This gas is air in this embodiment.
- the side portion 31SR has a plurality of (three in this example) intake ports 31Hi, but the number of intake ports 31Hi is not limited to this.
- the side portion that faces the side portion 31SR where the intake port 31Hi opens that is, the left side portion 31SL is attached to itself. It has an exhaust port 31He that opens.
- the exhaust port 31He discharges the gas introduced into the battery case 31.
- the side portion 31SL has a plurality (four in this example) of exhaust ports 31He, but the number of the exhaust ports 31He is not limited to this.
- the battery case 31 has a fan 31F.
- the fan 31 ⁇ / b> F introduces gas into the battery case 31 from the air inlet 31 ⁇ / b> Hi and flows the gas in contact with the upper and lower surfaces of the plurality of battery cells 32, and then discharges the gas from the battery case 31.
- the battery case 31 includes a plurality (four in this example) of fans 31F.
- the number of fans 31F is not limited to four.
- Each fan 31F is attached to the exhaust port 31He. With such a structure, the plurality of fans 31F sucks gas from the battery case 31 and discharges it to the outside. Since the fan 31F sucks gas from the battery case 31, the flow of gas from the intake port 31Hi to the exhaust port 31He can be stably generated in the battery case 31.
- the pressure in the battery case 31 becomes lower than the outside. For this reason, gas is introduced into the battery case 31 from the intake port 31Hi.
- the gas is introduced into the battery case 31 from the right side and discharged from the left side, as indicated by an arrow AR in FIG. By doing in this way, the some battery cell 32 accommodated in the battery case 31 is cooled.
- the intake port 31Hi is disposed on one side in the width direction of the battery-type forklift 1, and the exhaust port 31He is disposed on the other side in the width direction.
- the intake port 31Hi is disposed on the right side of the vehicle body 10
- the exhaust port 31He is disposed on the left side of the vehicle body 10.
- the gas is introduced into the battery case 31 from the right side of the vehicle body 10 and discharged from the left side. Since the fan 31F is attached to the exhaust port 31He, the fan 31F is disposed on the left side of the vehicle body 10. For this reason, the increase of the dimension in the front-back direction of the vehicle body 10 by attaching the fan 31F to the battery case 31 can be suppressed.
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing an example of a battery cell included in the battery according to the present embodiment.
- the shape of the battery cell 32 is a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
- the battery cell 32 includes four upper surfaces 32T having the terminals 32BT provided in a plan view, a lower surface 32B having a rectangular shape in plan view facing the upper surface 32T, and a rectangular view in plan view connecting the upper surface 32T and the lower surface 32B. It has side surfaces 32SL, 32SL, 32SS, 32SS.
- the distance H between the upper surface 32T and the lower surface 32B is larger than the dimension W of the short side of the upper surface 32T.
- the plan view has a rectangular shape, and the dimension W of one adjacent side is smaller than the dimension L of the other side.
- the dimension W is the width of the battery cell 32
- the dimension L is the length of the battery cell 32.
- the distance (shortest distance) H between the upper surface 32T and the lower surface 32B is the height of the battery cell. That is, the battery cell 32 has a height H greater than a width W.
- the length L of the battery cell 32 is greater than the height H. That is, the battery cell 32 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure having the largest length L, the smallest width W, and the height H between the two.
- the areas of the opposing side faces 32SL and 32SL are larger than the areas of the opposing side faces 32SS and 32SS, respectively.
- the side surfaces 32SL and 32SL are appropriately referred to as large side surfaces 32SL and 32SL
- the side surfaces 32SS and 32SS are appropriately referred to as small side surfaces 32SS and 32SS.
- the battery cell 32 has a step 32D between the upper surface 32T and the side surfaces 32SL, 32SL, 32SS, 32SS adjacent to the upper surface 32T.
- the step portion 32D has a step portion upper surface 32DT parallel to the upper surface 32T and the lower surface 32B, and a step portion side surface 32DW rising from the step portion upper surface 32DT.
- the step portion side surface 32DW is substantially orthogonal to the step portion upper surface 32DT.
- the plurality of battery cells 32 are accommodated in the battery case 31.
- the third wiring 43, the first wiring 41, and the second wiring 43 are connected to the terminal 32B of each battery cell 32.
- the first wiring 41, the second wiring 42, and the third wiring 43 are accommodated in the step portion 32 ⁇ / b> D of the battery cell 32.
- FIG. 13 is an AA arrow view of FIG.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between the battery case and the crosspiece.
- An arrow AR in FIG. 14 indicates a gas flow.
- FIG. 15 is a plan view showing a state in which the upper part of the battery case is removed.
- the battery case 31 has a partition member 31SP that partitions the inside of the battery case 31 between an upper portion 31T and a lower portion 31B.
- the plurality of battery cells 32 are respectively disposed between the upper part 31T and the partition member 31SP and between the partition member 31SP and the lower part 31B.
- the partition member 31SP is a plate-like member.
- the partition member 31SP is rectangular (including a square) in plan view.
- the partition member 31SP is disposed inside each of the side portions 31SF, 31SB, 31SL, and 31SR of the battery case 31.
- the battery 30 has a plurality of bars 31R as a plurality of bar-shaped members extending from the intake port 31Hi to the exhaust port 31He shown in FIGS.
- the plurality of crosspieces 31R are installed on the surface of the partition member 31SP and on the upper portion 31T side of the battery case 31.
- the plurality of crosspieces 31 ⁇ / b> R are installed on the surface of the bottom 31 ⁇ / b> B of the battery case 31 and on the upper portion 31 ⁇ / b> T side of the battery case 31.
- the plurality of crosspieces 31 ⁇ / b> R are installed such that the direction in which they extend (longitudinal direction) and the left-right direction (width direction) of the battery case 31 are parallel to each other.
- each crosspiece 31 ⁇ / b> R is in contact with the lower surface 32 ⁇ / b> B of the battery cell 32 and supports the battery cell 32. Since a plurality of crosspieces 31R are installed between the lower surface 32B of the battery cell 32 and the partition member 31SP and between the bottom portion 31B, the space between the lower surface 32B of the battery cell 32 and the partition member 31SP and the bottom portion 31B. A gas passage ARP through which gas passes is formed between the two. Further, gas passages ARP through which gas passes are also formed between the upper portion 31T of the battery case 31 and the upper portions 31T of the plurality of battery cells 32 and between the partition member 31SP and the upper portions 31T of the plurality of battery cells 32, respectively. Is done.
- the gas introduced into the battery case 31 from the air inlet 31Hi shown in FIGS. 8 and 10 is disposed between the upper portion 31T and the partition member 31SP in the process of passing through the gas passage ARP. It flows while contacting the upper surface 32T and the lower surface 32B of the plurality of battery cells 32 and the upper surface 32T and the lower surface 32B of the plurality of battery cells 32 arranged between the partition member 31SP and the lower portion 31B. In this way, the battery cell 32 is cooled. In particular, when the battery 30 is rapidly charged, each of the battery cells 32 generates heat, so that the heat generated by the plurality of battery cells 32 is released to the outside of the battery case 31 by flowing gas through the gas passage ARP.
- the battery case 31 has four gas passages ARP. These gas passages ARP preferably have the same cross-sectional area perpendicular to the gas flow direction. In this way, since the amount of gas flowing through all the gas passages ARP becomes equal, the variation in cooling among all the battery cells 32 can be suppressed.
- the crosspiece 31 ⁇ / b> R may be in contact with the lower surface 32 ⁇ / b> B of the two battery cells 32 and may be in contact with the lower surface 32 ⁇ / b> B of the single battery cell 32.
- Each crosspiece 31R extends from the intake port 31Hi toward the exhaust port 31He. Therefore, the plurality of crosspieces 31R partition the gas passage ARP between the plurality of battery cells 32 and the partition member 31SP and the gas passage ARP between the plurality of battery cells 32 and the bottom portion 31B into a plurality of passages. .
- the gas introduced into the battery case 31 from the intake port 31Hi is divided by the plurality of crosspieces 31R and flows to the respective passages. Therefore, in the direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the crosspieces 31R, the gas Can be made uniform. As a result, temperature variation among the plurality of battery cells 32 can be suppressed.
- the power cable CAB connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each battery cell 32 is disposed along the upper surface 32T of each battery cell 32. If it does in this way, since it can control that electric power cable CAB floats from upper surface 32T of battery cell 32, it can control that it projects to gas passage ARP in battery case 31. Then, since the fall of the passage sectional area of gas passage ARP is controlled, the flow rate fall of the gas which passes gas passage ARP is controlled. As a result, the battery 30 can suppress a decrease in the cooling efficiency of the plurality of battery cells 32 included in the battery 30, and can further suppress temperature variations among the plurality of battery cells 32.
- the power cable CAB is stored in the step portion 32D of the battery cell 32. For this reason, in the battery case 31, it can suppress that the 1st wiring 41, the 2nd wiring 42, and the 3rd wiring 43, ie, the electric power cable CAB, project over the gas passage ARP in the battery case 31. As a result, since the battery 30 suppresses a decrease in the flow rate of the gas passing through the gas passage ARP, the cooling efficiency of the plurality of battery cells 32 included in the battery 30 and temperature variations can be suppressed.
- a row of battery cells 32 (hereinafter, appropriately referred to as a cell row) in a state where eight battery cells 32 are in contact with at least a part of the large side surfaces 32SL. Is forming.
- Two cell rows are arranged in the battery case 31. At least some of the small side surfaces 32SS of the battery cells 32 are in contact with each other.
- two battery cells 32 are arranged close to one cell row. In each battery cell 32, at least a part of each large side surface 32SL and at least a part of small side surfaces 32SS of the plurality of battery cells 32 included in one cell row are close to each other.
- the battery cells 32 arranged at both ends of the cell row are in contact with the large side surface 32SL of the adjacent battery cell 32 only on one large side surface 32SL, and the other large side surface 32SL is the side portion 31SL or side of the battery case 31. It faces any one of the parts 31SR.
- the two battery cells 32 in which the large side surface 32SL is in contact with one cell row have the large side surface 32SL not in contact with the small side surface 32SS facing the side portion 31SF of the battery case 31, and one small side surface 32SS is It faces either the side 31SL or the side 31SR of the case 31.
- the two battery cells 32 face each other at the small side surface 32SS that does not face the side portion 31SL or the side portion 31SR.
- FIG. 15 shows an arrangement of the plurality of battery cells 32 installed on the upper part of the partition member 31SP described above. Similarly to the upper part of the partition member 31SP, a plurality of battery cells 32 are also arranged on the upper part of the bottom part 31B of the battery case 31. In this embodiment. Since a total of 18 battery cells 32 are arranged above the partition member 31SP, a total of 36 battery cells 32 are arranged in the battery case 31.
- the battery 30 includes six battery cells 32 connected in series as one battery cell group 32L, and a plurality (six in this embodiment) of battery cell groups 32L are connected in parallel. . In the present embodiment, six battery cells 32 excluding two battery cells 32 arranged at both ends of one cell row form one battery cell group 32L. In addition, one battery cell group is composed of a total of six battery cells 32 arranged at both ends of each cell row and two battery cells 32 having a large side surface 32SL in contact with one cell row. 32L is formed.
- a heat insulating material HI is provided between the plurality of battery cells 32 and the inside of the side portion 31 SF of the battery case 31.
- the heat insulating material HI contacts both the battery cell 32 and the inside of the side portion 31SF of the battery case 31.
- a heat insulating material HI is also provided between some of the battery cells 32.
- the heat insulating material HI suppresses heat radiation of the battery cell 32 to the outside of the battery case 31. By doing in this way, the dispersion
- variation in the temperature of the battery cell 32 is suppressed especially at the time of charge, it is effective in suppression of the dispersion
- the heat insulating material HI can also suppress the movement of the battery cell 32 in the battery case 31. Further, when the battery-type forklift 1 suddenly starts or stops, the impact force applied to the battery cell 32 can be reduced.
- the fan 31F is controlled by the in-vehicle control device 60 shown in FIG.
- the in-vehicle control device 60 cools the plurality of battery cells 32 by sucking gas from the inside of the battery case 31 during charging of the plurality of battery cells 32 included in at least the battery 30.
- the in-vehicle control device 60 further suppresses the temperature rise of the battery cell 32 by sucking gas from the inside of the battery case 31 even during discharge of the plurality of battery cells 32 included in the battery 30. Can do.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the structure of the storage case.
- a fuse Fu is stored in the storage case 31SC.
- the fuse Fu corresponds to the fuses Fu1, Fu2, Fu3, Fu4, Fu5, and Fu6 shown in FIG.
- the fuse Fu is electrically connected to the terminal 32BT of the battery cell 32 via the power cable CAB.
- the power cable CAB drawn from the plurality of battery cell groups 32L and the fuse Fu are connected by a connector CN.
- the connector CN has a first connector CNa and a second connector CNb.
- the power cable CAB is connected to the first connector CNa, and the fuse Fu is connected to the second connector CNb.
- the second connector CNb is attached to the storage case 31SC.
- the lid CB is attached to the storage case 31SC.
- the lid CB has an opening CBH for passing the first connector CNa.
- the first connector CNa is inserted into the second connector CNb through the opening CBH.
- the lid CB needs to be removed. If the cover CB is removed while the first connector CNa is connected to the second connector CNb, the first connector CNa engages with the opening CBH of the cover CB, so that the first connector CNa is removed from the second connector CNb.
- the lid CB cannot be removed unless it is removed.
- the lid CB can be removed.
- the power from the battery cell 32 is not applied to the fuse Fu. For this reason, it is safe to touch the components in the storage case 31SC.
- the first connector CN to which the power cable CAB of the battery cell 32 is connected is provided in the opening CBH provided in the lid CB of the storage case 31SC.
- the storage case 31SC is provided behind the battery case 31.
- the storage case 31 ⁇ / b> SC is provided on the rear side of the vehicle body 10.
- the battery 30 is installed below the driver's seat 34 of the battery-type forklift 1.
- the driver's seat 34 is rotated around the axis of the support shaft 33a to open the upper portion of the battery 30.
- the storage case 31SC is provided on the rear side of the vehicle body 10, the work vehicle can easily access the storage case 31SC, so that the replacement of the fuse Fu or the inspection of the storage case 31SC is facilitated.
- the battery case 31 can suppress the variation in the temperature of each battery cell 32 at the time of charging the battery 30 by the heat insulating material HI and the fan 31F, it is effective in suppressing the variation in the charging rate and the durability of the battery cell 32. Is. For this reason, since the vehicle-mounted control apparatus 60 shown in FIG. 4 does not need to perform parallel control at the time of charge of the battery 30, it can simplify control at the time of charge. In parallel control, when charging a battery pack in which a plurality of battery cells are connected in parallel, the charge amount is adjusted so that the charge amount of each battery cell is leveled. When the battery cell 32 is cooled by the fan 31F, it is preferable to provide a gap between the adjacent battery cells 32.
- the vehicle body 10 is preferably as compact as possible. Further, since the battery-type forklift 1 stores the battery 30 below the driver's seat 34, if a gap is provided between the battery cells 32, there is a possibility that a necessary number of battery cells 32 cannot be stored.
- the battery cells 32 forming the cell row are arranged in the battery case 31 in a state in which at least a part of at least one of the four side surfaces 32SL, 32SL, 32SS, and 32SS is in contact with each other. It is stored in.
- each battery cell 32 is cooled by flowing gas in contact with the upper surface 32T and the lower surface 32B of each battery cell 32.
- the battery 30 can achieve both suppression of increase in size and ensuring of cooling of the battery cell 32.
- the battery case 31 may not include the partition member 31SP. That is, the plurality of battery cells 32 may not be arranged one step at each of the upper portion 31T side and the bottom portion 31B side, and only one step may be arranged between the upper portion 31T and the bottom portion 31B. Further, the plurality of fans 31 ⁇ / b> F may feed gas into the battery case 31 instead of sucking gas from the battery case 31.
- the amount of heat generated by the power conversion unit 73 and the like is larger than that of normal charging, and thus the size of the device is increased.
- a charging device capable of rapid charging is mounted on the battery-type forklift 1, the battery-type forklift 1 itself is increased in size, and the operation time of the battery-type forklift 1 may be shortened due to an increase in mass.
- the charging device 2 since the charging device 2 is stationary, it is not necessary to mount a charging device capable of rapid charging on the battery-type forklift 1. The battery 30 can be managed while suppressing the decrease.
- the stationary charging device 2 to manage the battery 30 and prevent and maintain the malfunction caused by the battery 30 in a management facility by communication.
- the charging device 2 also needs to be equipped with a communication device.
- the in-vehicle control device 60 shown in FIG. 4 controls the charging device 2 and collects information related to charging such as charging conditions of the battery 30 and poor fitting between the charging connector 23 and the charging device side connector 24.
- the vehicle-mounted control apparatus 60 can transmit the information regarding the battery 30 to a management facility using the communication apparatus 64 outside a vehicle.
- the vehicle-mounted control device 60 executes control related to charging of the battery 30 and collects information related to the battery 30. It is also possible to prevent and maintain the resulting defects. As a result, there is no need to mount a communication device on the charging device 2.
- the in-vehicle control device 60 collects, for example, the number of times of charging, the number of times of charging, the total discharge amount, the charging time or the discharging time as information for management, and via the vehicle communication device 64. Send the collected information to the management facility.
- the in-vehicle control device 60 collects error histories, for example, and transmits them to the management facility via the out-of-vehicle communication device 64.
- the in-vehicle control device 60 collects, for example, a history that the charging is stopped due to a poor fitting between the charging connector 23 and the charging device side connector 24. Then, the data is transmitted to the management facility via the external communication device 64.
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Abstract
Description
バッテリ式フォークリフト1は、車体10の前方の隅部にそれぞれ前輪11を備え、車体10の後方の隅部にそれぞれ後輪12を備える。バッテリ式フォークリフト1は、前輪11の後方に設けられた走行用の電動機(走行用電動機)50によって前輪11が駆動されることにより走行する。より具体的には、走行用電動機50の出力は、減速機能を有する動力伝達装置51を介して両方の前輪11、11に伝達されて、これらを駆動する。
図4は、本実施形態に係るバッテリ式フォークリフトの電気系統を説明するためのブロック図である。バッテリ式フォークリフト1の電気系統ESは、制御系CSと、電力供給系PSと、駆動系DSとを含む。制御系CSは、バッテリ式フォークリフト1を制御するための機器類で構成されている。制御系CSは、車載制御装置60と、通信制御装置61と、車外通信装置64と、表示パネル52とを含む。車載制御装置60は、マスターコントローラと呼ばれるものであり、例えば、コンピュータが用いられる。バッテリ式フォークリフト1が備える走行用電動機50、荷役用電動機55を制御する。具体的には、車載制御装置60は、走行用インバータ57を介して走行用電動機50を制御し、荷役用インバータ58を介して荷役用電動機55を制御する。この他にも、車載制御装置60は、表示パネル52の表示を制御したり、車外通信装置64と車外の管理施設との通信を制御したり、バッテリ30の状態を監視したりする。このように、車載制御装置60は、バッテリ式フォークリフト1全体の制御を行う。
充電装置2は、制御部70と、充電装置用電源71と、起動信号生成部72と、電力変換部73とを含む。充電装置2は、バッテリ式フォークリフト1と通信することができる。制御部70は、例えば、コンピュータであり、バッテリ式フォークリフト1の車載制御装置60からの指令に基づいてバッテリ30の充電を制御する。例えば、制御部70は、車載制御装置60から送信されたバッテリ30を充電するための指令に基づいて、バッテリ30に供給する直流電力の電流又は電圧を制御する。車載制御装置60からのバッテリ30を充電するための指令は、通信線77を介して制御部70に入力される。充電装置用電源71は、バッテリ式フォークリフト1が搭載するバッテリ30から供給される電力を変圧(本実施形態では降圧)して、制御部70に供給する。充電装置用電源71には、給電線76及び給電線76から分岐した電力線76Bから電力が供給される。制御部70は、充電装置用電源71から供給される電力によって動作する。本実施形態において、充電装置用電源71は、例えば、DC-DCコンバータである。
図5は、本実施形態に係るバッテリ式フォークリフトが備えるバッテリの説明図である。バッテリ30は、複数のバッテリセル32を備える。本実施形態において、バッテリセル32は、制御弁式の蓄電池(例えば、鉛蓄電池)である。このようなバッテリセル32は、急速充電に適している。それぞれのバッテリセル32は、端子間電圧が12Vである。本実施形態では、複数(この例では6個)のバッテリセル32を直列に接続して複数(この例では6個)のバッテリセル群32L1、32L2、32L3、32L4、32L5、32L6を形成する。そして、それぞれのバッテリセル群32L1、32L2、32L3、32L4、32L5、32L6を、例えば、銅製のバスバーBBp、BBmによって並列接続する。このように、バッテリ30は、複数のバッテリセル群32L1、32L2、32L3、32L4、32L5、32L6が並列接続された並列組電池である。
図6は、充電装置側コネクタと充電用コネクタとを示す図である。充電装置側コネクタ24は、充電装置2側の給電線76が接続される給電用の端子24Ppと、充電装置2側の通信線77が接続される通信用の端子24Psaと、信号線SLとグランド線GLとが接続される起動用の端子24Psbとを備える。給電用の端子24Ppは、電力変換部73が出力した直流電力をバッテリ30へ供給する端子である。通信用の端子24Psaは、バッテリ式フォークリフト1、より具体的には車載制御装置60と通信するための端子である。起動用の端子24Psbは、車載制御装置60を起動させるための起動信号を電源装置62の起動回路63に送信するための端子である。
図7は、バッテリを充電するときにおける車載制御装置及び充電装置等の動作の一例を示すフローチャートである。バッテリ式フォークリフト1に搭載されたバッテリ30を充電するにあたり、ステップS101において、バッテリ式フォークリフト1のオペレータ等は、充電装置2の充電装置側コネクタ24をバッテリ式フォークリフト1の充電用コネクタ23に接続する。すると、充電装置側コネクタ24の起動用の端子24Psbと充電用コネクタ23の信号用端子23Psbとが接続されて、起動信号生成部72から電源装置62の起動回路63に起動信号が送信される。ステップS102において、起動回路63が起動信号を受信すると、電源装置62は、車載制御装置60及び通信制御装置61に電力を供給する。すると、ステップS103において、車載制御装置60及び通信制御装置61が起動する。
図8は、本実施形態に係るバッテリ及びバッテリケースを示す斜視図である。図9は、本実施形態に係るバッテリ及びバッテリケースを示す平面図である。図10は、本実施形態に係るバッテリ及びバッテリケースを示す右側面図である。図11は、本実施形態に係るバッテリ及びバッテリケースを示す左側面図である。バッテリ30は、バッテリケース31内に、前述した複数のバッテリセル32が収納されている。バッテリケース31は、底部31B、底部31Bと対向する上部31T及び底部31Bと上部31Tとを接続する側部31SF、31SB、31SL、31SRを有する。バッテリケース31は、上部31Tと底部31Bと側部31SF、31SB、31SL、31SRとで囲まれた空間に、複数のバッテリセル32の少なくとも1つの側面の少なくとも一部同士を接触させて収納する。
2 充電装置
6 交流電源
10 車体
13 フォーク
23 充電用コネクタ
24 充電装置側コネクタ
30 バッテリ
31 バッテリケース
31F ファン
31B 下部
31Hi 吸気口
31SP 区画用部材
31B 底部
31R 桟
31T 上部
31SF 側部
31He 排気口
32 バッテリセル
32B 下面
32SL 側面(大側面)
32SS 側面(小側面)
32T 上面
32BT 端子
34 運転席
60 車載制御装置
61 通信制御装置
62 電源装置
63 起動回路
64 車外通信装置
66、69 コンタクタ
67 電力線
67C 充電用電線
68 通信線
70 制御部
71 充電装置用電源
72 起動信号生成部
73 電力変換部
74 センサ
76 給電線
76B 電力線
77 通信線
Claims (7)
- バッテリ及び少なくとも1個の電動機を備え、前記電動機は、前記バッテリから供給される電力によって駆動される作業車両であり、
前記作業車両の外部に設置される充電装置が備える給電用の端子が前記バッテリの充電時に接続される充電用端子と、
前記充電装置が前記作業車両と通信するための通信用の端子が前記バッテリの充電時に接続される通信用端子と、
前記作業車両を制御し、かつ前記バッテリの充電時には前記通信用端子を介して前記充電装置を制御する車載制御装置と、
を含む、作業車両。 - 前記充電用端子と前記バッテリの端子との間に設けられる開閉器を備える、請求項1に記載の作業車両。
- 前記バッテリは、充電時において、前記充電装置に備えられて前記バッテリの充電を制御する制御部が消費する電力を供給する、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の作業車両。
- 前記バッテリの充電時において、前記充電装置からの信号によって前記車載制御装置を起動させる起動部と、
前記バッテリの充電時には、前記充電装置からの信号を送信するための端子が接続される信号用端子と、
を備える、請求項1から請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の作業車両。 - 前記充電用端子と前記通信用端子と前記信号用端子とは、同一のコネクタに配置される、請求項4に記載の作業車両。
- 前記車載制御装置は、
前記起動部によって起動された後、前記開閉器を導通状態にして前記バッテリから前記充電装置へ電力を供給し、
前記通信用端子を介して前記充電装置からの起動完了の信号を受信した場合には、前記充電装置による前記バッテリの充電を開始し、
前記バッテリの蓄電量が所定量以上になった場合には、前記充電装置による前記バッテリの充電を停止する、
請求項4又は請求項5に記載の作業車両。 - 前記車載制御装置は、
前記充電装置から停止信号を受信したときには、前記開閉器を非導通状態にして前記充電装置への電力の供給を停止する、請求項6に記載の作業車両。
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2013/071064 WO2015015647A1 (ja) | 2013-08-02 | 2013-08-02 | 作業車両 |
| JP2014509019A JP5642318B1 (ja) | 2013-08-02 | 2013-08-02 | 作業車両 |
| CN201380001599.4A CN104507735B (zh) | 2013-08-02 | 2013-08-02 | 作业车辆 |
| DE112013000094.6T DE112013000094T5 (de) | 2013-08-02 | 2013-08-02 | Arbeitsfahrzeug |
| US14/123,814 US9579988B2 (en) | 2013-08-02 | 2013-08-02 | Work vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2013/071064 WO2015015647A1 (ja) | 2013-08-02 | 2013-08-02 | 作業車両 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2015015647A1 true WO2015015647A1 (ja) | 2015-02-05 |
Family
ID=52139147
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2013/071064 Ceased WO2015015647A1 (ja) | 2013-08-02 | 2013-08-02 | 作業車両 |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9579988B2 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5642318B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN104507735B (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE112013000094T5 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2015015647A1 (ja) |
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| WO2023119834A1 (ja) * | 2021-12-24 | 2023-06-29 | 株式会社クボタ | 電動作業車 |
| WO2025004612A1 (ja) * | 2023-06-27 | 2025-01-02 | 株式会社クボタ | 電動作業機、及び電動作業機の制御方法 |
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| US9211799B2 (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2015-12-15 | Telefonix, Inc. | Mechanism for locking and fault detection in the electrical vehicle supply equipment cord |
| DE112013007450T5 (de) * | 2013-09-20 | 2016-06-23 | Komatsu Ltd. | Fahrzeug vom Akkumulatortyp, Ladungsverwaltungssystem und Ladungsverwaltungverfahren |
| JP5856362B1 (ja) * | 2015-06-22 | 2016-02-09 | 株式会社小松製作所 | バッテリ式作業車両及び作業車両用バッテリ |
| EP3630538A1 (de) * | 2017-05-29 | 2020-04-08 | Constin GmbH | Vorrichtung zur verbesserung der zugänglichkeit des stauraumes unterhalb von fahrzeugsitzen |
| KR102413075B1 (ko) | 2017-12-29 | 2022-06-24 | 두산산업차량 주식회사 | 전동 지게차 및 이의 구동 방법 |
| DE102019101922A1 (de) * | 2019-01-25 | 2020-07-30 | Jungheinrich Aktiengesellschaft | Flurförderzeug mit einer Ladeschnittstelle |
| WO2022270010A1 (ja) * | 2021-06-22 | 2022-12-29 | 株式会社クボタ | 電動作業機および電動作業機の充電システム |
| WO2023127363A1 (ja) * | 2021-12-28 | 2023-07-06 | 株式会社クボタ | 電動作業車 |
| CN114567051A (zh) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-05-31 | 深圳市杉川机器人有限公司 | 充电站及充电控制方法 |
| IT202400005149A1 (it) * | 2024-03-07 | 2025-09-07 | Toyota Mat Handling Manufacturing Italy S P A | Carrello industriale alimentato elettricamente dotato di una funzione di ricarica migliorata |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US9579988B2 (en) | 2017-02-28 |
| JP5642318B1 (ja) | 2014-12-17 |
| JPWO2015015647A1 (ja) | 2017-03-02 |
| DE112013000094T5 (de) | 2015-07-23 |
| US20160221454A1 (en) | 2016-08-04 |
| CN104507735B (zh) | 2016-12-07 |
| CN104507735A (zh) | 2015-04-08 |
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